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Item 1: Cover page
Form ADV Part 2A: Firm Brochure
March 31, 2026
Ackerman Capital Advisors, L.L.C.
(dba Ackerman Capital Management, L.P.)
5956 Sherry Lane, Suite 1600
Dallas, TX 75225
Telephone: (214) 361-5383
info@ackermancapital.com
Attention: David B. Ackerman
Ackerman Capital Advisors, L.L.C. (d/b/a Ackerman Capital Management, L.P.) is an investment
adviser that is registered with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission.
Registration with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission does not imply any
particular level of skill or training.
This brochure provides information about the qualifications and business practices of
Ackerman Capital Advisors, L.L.C. If you have any questions about the contents of this
brochure, please contact us at (214) 361-5383. The information in this brochure has not been
approved or verified by the United States Securities and Exchange Commission or by any state
securities authority.
Additional information about Ackerman Capital Advisors, L.L.C. also is available on the SEC’s
website at www.adviserinfo.sec.gov.
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Item 2: Material Changes
This brochure dated March 31, 2026 is an update to our annual Form ADV dated March 31, 2025.
There are no material changes since previous update.
We encourage you to read this updated brochure in its entirety.
Pursuant to SEC rules, we will ensure that you receive a summary of any material changes to this
and subsequent brochures within 120 days of the close of our business’ fiscal year. We may
further provide other ongoing disclosure information about material changes as necessary.
We will further provide you with a new brochure as necessary based on changes or new
information, at any time, without charge.
Currently, a free copy of our brochure may be requested by contacting us at (214) 361-5383.
Additional information about Ackerman Capital Advisors, L.L.C. is also available via the SEC’s web
site www.adviserinfo.sec.gov. The SEC’s web site also provides information about any person’s
affiliated with of Ackerman Capital Advisors, L.L.C. who are registered, or are required to be
registered, as investment adviser representatives of Ackerman Capital Advisors, L.L.C.
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Item 3: Table of Contents
Item 4: Wealth Management Services ............................................................................................ 4
Item 5: Fees and Compensation ..................................................................................................... 7
Item 6: Performance-Based Fees and Side-By-Side Management ............................................... 10
Item 7: Types of Clients ................................................................................................................. 11
Item 8: Method of Analysis, Investment Strategies and Risk of Loss ........................................... 11
Item 9: Disciplinary Information ................................................................................................... 19
Item 10: Other Financial Industry Activities and Affiliates ........................................................... 19
Item 11: Code of Ethics, Participation or Interest in Client Transactions and Personal
Trading ............................................................................................................................... 20
Item 12: Brokerage Practices ........................................................................................................ 23
Item 13: Review of Accounts ........................................................................................................ 25
Item 14: Client Referrals and Other Compensation ...................................................................... 26
Item 15: Custody ........................................................................................................................... 26
Item 16: Investment Discretion..................................................................................................... 28
Item 17: Voting Client Securities ................................................................................................... 28
Item 18: Financial Information ...................................................................................................... 29
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Item 4: Wealth Management Services
About Our Firm
Ackerman Capital Advisors, L.L.C. (d/b/a Ackerman Capital Management, L.P.) (the
“Investment Manager”, “firm”, “us”, “our” or “we”) is a wealth management services firm
founded in 2002 as the successor firm to previous entities originally established in 1969.
Ackerman Capital Management is primarily engaged in the management of investment portfolios
in separate accounts for high-net-worth clients, including individuals, families, corporations,
charitable entities, and certain pension plans. In addition, the firm provides investment advisory
services to certain private funds. The firm also provides comprehensive financial planning advice
to clients, if requested. The firm also provides retirement plan consulting to business clients on
defined contribution plans, including 401(k), 403(b), and profit-sharing plans.
The owner of Ackerman Capital Advisors, L.L.C. is David B. Ackerman.
Investment Management Services
Our firm offers investment advisory services to separately managed accounts. We assist
clients in determining short-term and long-term objectives, income needs, risk tolerance,
investment time horizon and other factors relevant to the management of their portfolio(s). This
information is used to select an appropriate investment strategy from among the core offerings
we provide or to develop a customized strategy. Each strategy has a corresponding Investment
Policy Statement (IPS) which outlines the investment objectives and constraints of that strategy
and sets the parameters by which a portfolio will be managed, including asset allocation targets
and ranges.
We seek to manage overall portfolio risk through diversification among different asset
classes and investment styles. In providing advisory services to separate account clients, we
primarily invest in in exchange-traded funds (ETFs) and no-load mutual funds. We do not
participate in any wrap fee programs. All client portfolios are monitored on an ongoing basis to
ensure that they remain consistent with each client’s goals and the designated strategy IPS.
ACM Enhanced Municipal Income Fund, L.P.
Our firm serves as the investment adviser to a private fund, ACM Enhanced Municipal
Income Fund, L.P. (the “Municipal Partnership”). The Municipal Partnership seeks attractive, tax-
efficient returns by investing in closed-end municipal bond funds. The General Partner of the
partnership is ACM Enhanced Municipal Income GP, L.P.
ACM Digital Holdings, L.P.
Our firm serves as the investment adviser to a private investment partnership, ACM
Digital Holdings, L.P. (the Digital Partnership”). The Digital Partnership seeks to provide long-term
growth, inflation protection, and portfolio diversification by investing in cryptocurrencies, digital
assets, and related securities. The Digital Partnership is a multi-strategy digital asset fund. The
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Digital Partnership seeks long-term growth through digital asset strategies including, but not
limited to: (i) Major Cryptocurrencies - making investments in Bitcoin and Ether, the two largest
cryptocurrencies, as long-term holdings; (ii) Altcoins - the purchase of a select number of other
cryptocurrencies which offer long-term appreciation potential; (iii) Arbitrage – the Digital
Partnership will seek to profit from arbitrage opportunities in mispriced assets and certain
related derivatives across multiple exchanges; and (iv) Decentralized Finance – the Digital
Partnership will seek to earn income and staking rewards on various decentralized finance
protocols in a prudent a diversified manner; and (v) the Digital Partnership may invest in publicly-
traded securities, equity or debt, related to digital assets or blockchain technology. The general
partner of the Digital Partnership is A/Y Digital GP, L.P.
As of January 1, 2026, ACM Digital Holdings, L.P. changed its name and will be known as
ACM Digital Holdings, L.P. As of January 1, 2026 A/Y Digital GP, L.P. changed its name and will be
known as ACM Digital GP, L.P.
Retirement Consulting Services
We offer retirement plan consulting services to defined contribution plans, such as 401(k),
403(b), and profit-sharing plans. Such advisory services are pursuant to ERISA 3(38) or 3(21)
fiduciary services to employers or plan sponsors for the benefit of employee retirement plans.
Retirement plan consulting services may include assisting in the development of the investment
policy statement, selection and ongoing analysis of current investment options, assistance in
selecting new investment alternatives, benchmarking and investment analysis, providing
education services to plan participants and serving as a fiduciary 3(38) for our clients plans. The
full scope of our retirement plan consulting services is detailed in our Consulting Agreements with
such clients. Defined contribution plans are participant-directed, and we neither possess trading
authority nor maintain custody of funds and securities with respect to such client accounts.
Our firm also counsels plan sponsors with regard to cash balance plans. In doing so, we
partner with third-party administrators and actuaries to advise business owners on the benefits,
suitability, and implementation of such plans. We may also provide discretionary investment
management services to cash balance plans in an effort to manage portfolios to optimal return
targets.
Financial Planning Services
Our firm provides clients with financial planning services, if requested, by advising them
and coordinating with third-party professionals on matters including, but not limited to, financial
goals and objectives, cash flow and debt management, net worth reporting, estate planning, tax
planning, business planning, educational savings, retirement planning, and philanthropy. We may
provide new or existing clients with a comprehensive financial plan that addresses all such
applicable financial aspects along with appropriate recommendations for action. We monitor
financial plans as necessary, or as reasonably requested, and provide clients with periodic reviews
of their plans, in person, by email, telephone, or videoconference. We also may provide clients
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with financial planning services on a project-by-project basis. Financial planning services may be
provided in conjunction with investment management services or as a separate service.
Our firm may charge fees for financial planning services that may be in addition to
investment management fees. Clients who desire our financial planning services execute a
financial service agreement outlining the financial planning services we will provide and any
additional planning fees that may be charged for these services.
Tailoring Services
Our firm tailors our investment advisory and financial planning services to the individual
goals, needs, and circumstances of our clients. We recommend investment strategies that are
best suited for our clients from among our available offerings or provide clients with customized
strategies based on their objectives. Our portfolio managers then adhere to the applicable
investment strategy and its associated IPS. With respect to the Partnerships, we follow the
strategy set forth in the applicable Partnership’s applicable governing documents (including each
Partnership’s Private Placement Memorandum).
Discretionary Management
Client accounts are typically managed on a discretionary basis, with the exception of
participant- directed retirement plans or, under special circumstances, separate accounts subject
to a specific negotiated arrangement.
Termination of the Relationship/Withdrawal Rights
Separate account, financial planning, and retirement consulting agreements are generally
terminable by either party upon receipt of thirty (30) days advance written notice from the other
party. Limited partners in the Partnerships generally have the right to withdraw its interest from
the applicable Partnership as of the close of business on the last day of a fiscal quarter, provided
that (i) the limited partner has held such interest for at least one (1) year and (ii) advance notice
of forty-five (45) days is provided to the general partner of the Partnership.
Assets Under Management
As of December 31, 2025, the firm managed 509 separately managed accounts on a
discretionary basis with assets totaling $568.719 million, 19 accounts on a non-discretionary basis
with assets totaling $8.732 million, ACM Enhanced Municipal Income Fund, L.P. with 39 limited
partners and assets totaling $12.762 million, and ACM Digital Holdings, L.P. with 41 limited
partners and assets totaling $13.806 million. Combining the separately managed accounts and
the Partnerships, the firm manages $595.287 million in aggregate.
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Item 5: Fees and Compensation
Separately Managed Account Compensation
With regard to separately managed accounts, our firm receives compensation based on
a percentage of assets under management. Management fees are typically deducted quarterly
from client accounts after services are rendered (i.e., in arrears) based on average-weighted daily
capital balances during the quarter. These calculations are inclusive of cash and cash equivalents
in the relevant client accounts. The average-weighted daily capital balance is calculated by
dividing (x) the sum of the closing balances of a client account as of each day during the relevant
calendar quarter by (y) the number of days in the relevant calendar quarter. In addition, third-
party reporting fees, which are based on a flat, per account dollar amount are passed through to
accounts under management or advisement.
Clients receive a quarterly invoice detailing the management fee calculation, the
reporting fees, and the deduction from the applicable account. Also, see Item 13 for further
information. Advisory fees commence at such time as activity with respect to securities occurs in
client accounts (which may include the receipt of securities through a transfer from a third-party
investment manager or broker-dealer) and ceases at such time as advisory services have
terminated and there is no activity with respect to securities. Since both average-weighted daily
capital balance and net market value are equity-based calculations, margin balances do not affect
the calculation of management fees.
We charge management fees based on a standard fee schedule, typically ranging from
0.2% to 1.0% per annum based on portfolio values. In addition, certain existing clients have tiered
fee schedules that are not offered as part of the firm’s current fee schedule. We typically charge
pro-rated fees for any quarter in which the inception or termination of an account occurs during
such quarter. We reserve the right to modify such annual fee schedule for new advisory
agreements we enter into. In certain cases, mutually agreed upon assets may be excluded from
the calculation of management fees.
Other Possible Fees
In some circumstances, the advisory fee on a particular account may be lower or higher
than that generally charged by our firm or other investment advisors for similar services due to
minimum quarterly fee requirements or where fees may be negotiated.
Separate account clients bear all of their own expenses, which may include custodial fees,
brokerage commissions, transaction charges, wire transfer fees, taxes and applicable registration
fees. As a result, our management fees for separate accounts are in addition to any transaction
fees which may be charged by the custodian bank or management fees and expenses charged by
any investment company (i.e. money market, mutual fund, or exchange-traded fund) in which the
client’s funds are invested. The fees and expenses charged by funds and ETFs are disclosed in the
relevant prospectus provided to our client by the custodian, and we receive no portion of such
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fees and expenses. Some funds we purchase may require minimum holding periods to avoid
redemption fees, by the custodian or fund administrator.
In some circumstances the custodian bank or broker invests cash in money market
securities or short-term investment funds available to the custodian. In these situations, the
custodian may be charging a fee for the management of such money-market type securities in
addition to the fee charged by our firm.
Partnership Fees and Compensation
ACM Enhanced Municipal Income, L.P.
With regard to the ACM Partnership, the Investment Manager does not charge Limited
Partners management fees for its services to the fund, but reserves the right to charge additional
classes of investors, if any, management fees in the future.
The general partner of ACM Partnership is entitled to receive a quarterly performance-
based profit allocation at the end of each quarter equal to fifteen percent (15%) of each Limited
Partner’s allocable share of net profits for the fiscal quarter, subject to a “high-water mark”
limitation (as further described below). Net profit includes unrealized appreciation or
depreciation of marketable positions according to the fund’s valuation procedures. Please refer
to the ACM Partnership’s Private Placement Memorandum for a full description of fees and
expenses.
ACM Digital Holdings, L.P.
With regard to the Digital Partnership, the Investment Manager charges a quarterly
management fee at the annual rate of 0.50%. The general partner of the Digital Partnership is
entitled to receive a quarterly performance-based profit allocation at the end of each quarter
equal to twenty percent (20%) of each Limited Partner’s allocable share of net profits for the fiscal
quarter, subject to a “high-water mark” limitation (as further described below). Net profit
includes unrealized appreciation or depreciation of marketable positions according to the fund’s
valuation procedures. Please refer to the Digital Partnership’s Private Placement Memorandum
for a full description of fees and expenses.
High-Water Mark
With respect to each of the Partnerships, the relevant respective performance fees are
subject to a “high-water mark” limitation. This means that after the first Performance Period in
which a performance re-allocation is earned, the performance re-allocation for a subsequent
Performance Period only applies to the extent that a limited partner’s pro rata share of net profits
measured on a cumulative basis, net of any losses, for all Performance Periods since admission
exceeds the highest level of such cumulative net profits achieved through the close of any prior
Performance Period since admission. Because opening capital account balances for Partnership
investors (from which investment gains are measured) are determined net of a prior Performance
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Period performance re-allocation, Partnership investors should note that, in a subsequent
Performance Period in which a Partnership investor has investment gains, Partnership investors
will bear a performance re-allocation in such subsequent Performance Period on the portion of
the subsequent Performance Period gain attributable to the prior Performance Period
performance re-allocation (stated another way, gain in a subsequent Performance Period that
recovers any prior Performance Period performance re-allocation is subject to a performance re-
allocation in a subsequent Performance Period). Performance Period” means with respect to
each limited partner of the Partnerships the period commencing as of the date of admission of
the limited partner to the Partnership (with respect to the limited partner’s initial Performance
Period), and thereafter, each period commencing the day following the end of the preceding
Performance Period, and ending on the earlier of (x) the last day of the quarter and (y) the date
of a withdrawal of all or any portion of such limited partner’s capital account.
Partnership Costs and Expenses
The Partnerships bear all costs and expenses directly related to its investment program,
including expenses related to proxies, underwriting and private placements, brokerage
commissions, interest on debit balances or borrowings, custody fees and any withholding or
transfer taxes imposed on a Partnership. A Partnership also bears all out-of-pocket costs of the
administration of a Partnership, including, but not limited to, accounting, audit and legal
expenses, costs of any litigation or investigation involving a Partnership’s activities, and costs
associated with reporting and providing information to existing and prospective limited partners.
With regard to ACM Enhanced Municipal Income, L.P., such administrative costs incurred by the
Partnership are subject to an annual 0.50% expense cap as detailed in the Private Placement
Memorandum.
To the extent any fees, costs and expenses (including items such as reporting, research,
consulting and insurance) are incurred for the benefit of both client(s), such as the Partnerships
and the firm or for the benefit of multiple clients, an allocation of such fees, costs and expenses
will be made on a basis reasonably believed by the firm to be fair and equitable based on the
relevant facts, such as the relative sizes of the participating client accounts, the activity of the
clients and the particular circumstances that caused the expense to be incurred with respect to
each entity or party benefiting from such expense. The firm regularly evaluates its allocation
practices to ensure that such allocations are based on a sound method and accordingly such
allocation practices may be subject to change.
Neither our firm nor any of our principals or employees receives any transaction-based
compensation for the sale of securities or other investment products.
Retirement Plan Consulting Fees
Retirement Plan consulting fees are billed quarterly in arrears to the plan sponsor or plan
recordkeeper. Fees are calculated as a percentage of quarter ending market value of plan assets.
The annual fee rate varies from client to client and may be based on a tiered fee schedule at
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annual rate of 0.20% to 0.80% but may be subject to a minimum dollar amount in certain
circumstances.
Financial Planning Fees
Financial planning fees are detailed in our Financial Planning Agreement. Fees may vary
from client to client based on the scope of the engagement. The fee covers the development of
a written plan which contains recommendations. The fee also includes monitoring the plan during
the initial year. It is the expectation of the firm that all plans are completed within six months,
assuming the client provides us the necessary information in a timely manner. The Financial
Planning Agreement may provide for annual renewal fees after the initial year, paid in quarterly
installments. The Financial Planning Agreement may be renewed automatically each year unless
the client elects not to. Renewal fees are typically deducted directly from client accounts with
invoices provided to the client in a timely manner.
Fee Prepayment
We do not require nor do we solicit prepayment of more than $1,200 in fees per client,
six months or more in advance.
Item 6: Performance-Based Fees and Side-By-Side Management
Our firm or our affiliates receive performance-based compensation from the Partnerships.
The existence of performance-based compensation may create an incentive for our firm or our
affiliates to make riskier or more speculative investments on behalf of our Partnerships. In this
respect, our responsibilities as a fiduciary (including a duty to ensure that securities purchased
on behalf of clients are suitable for their objectives, needs and circumstances) helps minimize this
conflict. The principals also strictly adhere to the investment strategy discussed in our hedge fund
clients’ Private Placement Memorandum. The fact that the general partner and members of, or
entities associated with, the Ackerman family represent the largest investor in both Partnerships
aids in aligning our interests with the interests of other investors in the Partnership.
In addition, the existence of the performance-based compensation generally may create
an incentive for a firm or its affiliates to favor performance fee-paying clients when making an
investment decision than would be the case in the absence of these arrangements. In our case,
such a conflict is minimized due to the fact that the Partnerships typically invest in individual
publicly-traded securities and digital assets, which we generally do not utilize for most separately
managed accounts. For separate accounts, we typically utilize exchange-traded funds and no-load
mutual funds. Our firm also acts in a manner that we consider fair, reasonable, and equitable in
allocating investment opportunities among clients. The existence of performance-based
compensation, if it results in greater compensation to the firm, could theoretically encourage the
firm to steer clients towards our offerings that provide for performance-based compensation. Our
responsibilities as a fiduciary (including a duty to ensure that securities purchased on behalf of
clients are suitable for their objectives, needs and circumstances) helps minimize this conflict.
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Item 7: Types of Clients
Our Clients
Our clients are families, individuals, trusts, individual retirement accounts, profit sharing
and cash balance plans, charitable institutions, and other entities with substantial assets to which
we provide advice through separately managed accounts. We also provide advisory services to
two private funds structured as open-end hedge funds.
Investment Requirements
With regard to separately managed accounts, the current minimum investment to open
an account is generally $1,000,000, although investments of a lesser amount may be accepted.
Client accounts below this threshold typically belong to firm clients who were subject to prior
account minimums.
Investors in the Partnerships are generally required to make a minimum investment of
$1,000,000. We have the discretion to, and on occasion may, accept subscriptions for a lesser
amount. The minimum investment is typically waived for investors for whom our firm also
manages separate accounts.
This brochure is not an offer to invest with our firm, including the Partnerships.
Item 8: Method of Analysis, Investment Strategies and Risk of Loss
Investing in securities involves risk of loss that clients should be prepared to bear.
Depending on the particular strategy that we utilize, our goal is to balance the appropriate level
of risk with the potential for returns. As with any investment strategy some level of risk is
unavoidable. Each strategy offering and associated IPS specifies a maximum percentage loss over
any twelve-month period which we attempt to not exceed.
Separately Managed Accounts
Core balanced strategy offerings for our separate account clients are:
• Capital Preservation – This strategy offering seeks to maximize total return while
avoiding a loss over any twelve-month period. The strategy targets a 20%
allocation to equities and an 80% allocation to fixed income.
• Conservative Allocation - This strategy offering seeks to maximize total return
while avoiding a loss of greater than 10% over any twelve-month period. The
strategy targets a 40% allocation to equities and 60% allocation to fixed income.
• Moderate Allocation – This strategy offering seeks to maximize total return while
avoiding a loss of greater than 15% over any twelve-month period. The strategy
targets a 60% allocation to equities and 40% allocation to fixed income.
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• Aggressive Allocation - This strategy offering seeks to maximize total return while
avoiding a loss of greater than 20% over any twelve-month period. The strategy
targets an 80% allocation to equities and 20% allocation to fixed income.
Each core strategy allows for tactical positioning above or below equity and fixed income
allocation targets within constraints outlined in the respective Investment Policy Statement.
There is no guarantee that our firm will be successful in its efforts to manage these
strategies within the specified risk constraints and past performance is also no guarantee of
future returns.
All strategy offerings are available in a “Tax Advantaged” version for retirement
accounts, charitable entities, or other accounts with no or limited tax sensitivity and a “Tax-
Managed” version for tax sensitive accounts. In “Tax Managed” accounts we seek to maximize
after-tax returns for a given level of risk.
In addition to these balanced offerings, the firm also manages portfolios within a single
asset class, e.g. 100% equity or 100% fixed income.
In managing separate accounts within the strategies set forth above, we typically invest
in exchange-traded funds (ETFs) and low cost, no-load mutual funds consistent with each
strategy’s IPS. We typically invest in funds representing the two primary asset classes, equities
and fixed income, on a global basis.
We base our fund selection within a particular strategy on a number of criteria. First, we
evaluate the cost of ownership. We seek to invest in funds with expense ratios that are among
the lowest versus similar funds. Academic research has indicated that perhaps the most
important factor affecting fund performance is the cost of ownership.
Among equity funds, we typically invest in low cost, passive funds which provide targeted
exposure to certain style risk factors. Additional funds which allow us to manage other non-style
risk exposures (e.g. global region/country exposures, and developed vs. emerging exposures) are
also included in the equity portfolio. Among fixed income funds, we typically invest in lower cost,
more passively managed funds which allow us to manage exposures to key risk factors (e.g.
interest rate sensitivity, credit exposure, regional country weightings, and currency exposures).
Our portfolios are actively managed. We engage in tactical asset allocation in our
portfolios within the asset class allocation ranges outlined in each Investment Policy Statement.
We evaluate funds based on our proprietary model that combines valuation metrics with
measures of current price trends. Other factors which we may take into account include
macroeconomic trends and investor sentiment.
Investing in exchange-traded funds and mutual funds involves significant risk of loss that
our clients, and any investors in our clients, should be prepared to bear.
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Certain of the risks associated with any investments on behalf of our advisory clients
include:
Investment Judgment and Market Risk: The success of our investment programs depends,
in large part, on correctly evaluating future price movements of potential investments. We
cannot guarantee that we will be able to accurately predict these price movements and that
our investment programs will be successful.
Investment and Trading Risk Generally: Investments in securities and other financial
instruments involve a degree of risk that the entire investment may be lost. The use of short
sales and option trading can, in certain circumstances, substantially increase the impact of
unfavorable price movements on our clients’ investments. Also, changes in the general level
of interest rates may negatively affect our clients’ results. In addition, overall market
volatility, which has been more pronounced in recent years, can result in significant price
swings in securities and portfolio values.
Dependence on our Firm and Key Personnel. The success of our clients is largely dependent
upon our firm. There is no guarantee that our firm or the individuals employed by our firm
will remain willing or able to provide advice to the clients’ accounts or that trading on this
advice by our firm will be profitable in the future. The performance of our firm depends
upon certain key personnel, including David Ackerman who manages our firm and oversees
our investment selection and implementation. Should he become incapacitated, the
performance of our clients’ portfolios may be adversely affected.
Competition. Our firm operates in a competitive market, and competition may result in
reduced risk-adjusted returns. In particular, while we believe that meaningful investment
opportunities exist and we strive to identify and exploit such opportunities for our clients,
qualified opportunities may become scarcer, or may be diminished or eliminated more
rapidly, as additional knowledgeable investors enter the market for such assets. We, and
the managers of the funds in which we invest on behalf of clients, may not be successful in
capturing these opportunities.
Mutual Funds. We invest in mutual funds on behalf of our clients, which are registered
investment companies regulated by the Securities and Exchange Commission. Mutual funds
carry their own inherent risks, including the risk that the managers of the mutual fund will
misdiagnose the market or the risk inherent in the market. Our firm will have no direct
control over the management of any of the mutual funds in which our clients invest.
Mutual funds reserve the right to reject purchases or delay redemptions, sometimes after
the purchase decision is made. These rights may affect our efforts to manage our clients’
risk. In addition, it is possible for the value of a mutual fund to fall (or to rise more slowly
than the stock market as a whole) even when stock prices in general are rising. Risk is
involved in fund selection as well as in the timing of trades. Most mutual fund shares can
be traded only at the end of each day, potentially exacerbating losses on days of steep
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overall market declines. Also, the purchase or sale of certain mutual funds may involve
transaction charges that increase expenses to our clients.
Mutual Fund Tax Consequences: An investor who buys and holds mutual fund shares will
owe income tax on any ordinary dividends in the year they are received or reinvested.
Mutual funds are required to distribute capital gains to shareholders when securities are
sold for a profit that cannot be offset by a loss. Therefore, investors may owe capital gains
taxes upon selling mutual fund shares, in addition to possible taxes on our firm’s capital
gains.
Exchange Traded Funds: We invest in exchange traded funds (“ETFs”) on behalf of our
clients which are subject to risks similar to those of shares of other diversified portfolios.
Investment return and principal value will fluctuate and are subject to market volatility. ETF
shares may be valued more or valued less than their original cost or net asset value (NAV)
at the time of sale or redemption. Although ETFs are designed to provide investment
results that generally correspond to the performance of their respective underlying indices,
the funds may not be able to exactly replicate the performance of the indices because of
fund expenses and other factors. Also, there are often transaction charges associated with
ETFs that increase expenses to our clients.
Derivatives. We may invest in funds which utilize derivative instruments, or “derivatives,”
which include futures, options, swaps, structured securities and other instruments and
contracts that are derived from, or the value of which is related to, one or more underlying
securities, financial benchmarks, currencies or indices. Derivatives allow an investor to
hedge or speculate upon the price movements of a particular security, financial benchmark
currency or index at a fraction of the cost of investing in the underlying asset. The value of
a derivative depends largely upon price movements in the underlying asset. Therefore,
many of the risks applicable to trading the underlying asset are also applicable to derivatives
of the underlying asset. However, there are a number of other risks associated with
derivatives trading. For example, because many derivatives are “leveraged,” a relatively
small adverse market movement can not only result in the loss of the entire investment but
may also expose our clients to the possibility of a loss exceeding the original amount
invested. Derivatives may also expose our clients to liquidity risk, as there may not be a
liquid market within which to close or dispose of outstanding derivatives contracts.
Derivatives may also expose our clients to counterparty risk. The counterparty risk lies with
each party with whom our client’s contract for the purpose of making derivative
investments. In the event of the counterparty’s default, our clients will only rank as
unsecured creditors and risks the loss of all or a portion of the amounts they are
contractually entitled to receive.
Emerging Markets. We may invest in securities of non-U.S. companies and foreign countries.
Investing in these securities involves certain considerations not usually associated with
investing in securities of U.S. companies or the U.S. government, including political and
economic considerations, such as greater risks of expropriation and nationalization,
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confiscatory taxation, the potential difficulty of repatriating funds, general social, political
and economic instability and adverse diplomatic developments; the possibility of imposition
of withholding or other taxes on dividends, interest, capital gain or other income; the small
size of the securities markets in such countries and the low volume of trading, resulting in
potential lack of liquidity and in price volatility; fluctuations in the rate of exchange between
currencies and costs associated with currency conversion; and certain government policies
that may restrict the Account’s investment opportunities. Emerging markets often can be
disproportionately affected by natural disasters, given existing deficiencies in infrastructure.
Many emerging markets are in regions with both political and economic strife that has the
propensity to cause conflict. Emerging markets securities carry special risks, such as less
developed or less efficient trading markets, a lack of company information, and differing
auditing and legal standards. There is less regulation, generally, of the securities markets in
foreign countries than there is in the United States. In addition, accounting and financial
reporting standards that prevail in foreign countries generally are not equivalent to United
States standards and, consequently, less information is available to investors in companies
located in such countries than is available to investors in companies located in the United
States. Moreover, an issuer of securities may be domiciled or may operate in a country other
than the country in whose currency the instrument is denominated, thereby increasing the
possibility of an adverse impact from currency changes. In addition, unfavorable changes in
foreign currency exchange rates may adversely affect the U.S. dollar values of securities
denominated in foreign currencies or traded in non-U.S. markets.
Borrowing/Leverage: We may invest in funds which borrow against the assets of the funds
when management believes that the proceeds from doing so will exceed the interest paid
on the borrowing. Borrowing involves risk to our clients because the interest on the
borrowed amount may be greater than the income from or increase in the value of the
securities purchased with the borrowed amount. Also, there is always a possibility that the
value of the securities purchased with the borrowed amount can decline below the amount
borrowed. Generally, borrowing-type techniques used to increase potential returns are all
forms of leverage. Trading on margin is a form of leverage. Specifically, when funds trade
on margin, they are borrowing from a broker to purchase more securities than they
otherwise would be able to with their initial cash investment. The securities purchased on
margin serve as collateral for the broker’s loan. Trading on margin is risky because it not
only can increase gains, but also can amplify losses to the point where more than an initial
investment can be lost. Any investment profits made with the proceeds from borrowings in
excess of interest paid on the borrowings will cause the income and value of a fund in which
a client is invested to be greater than would otherwise be the case. On the other hand, if
the value of the additional securities purchased with the borrowed money does not
increase enough to cover the interest paid on the borrowings, then the income and value
will be less than would otherwise be the case.
Foreign Securities: We invest in funds whose portfolios contain foreign securities. Investing
in foreign securities involves certain risk factors not typically associated with investing in
U.S. securities, such as fluctuation between exchange rates and the costs of converting from
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one currency to another. In addition, there may not be much information available
regarding foreign securities because foreign companies and governments may not be
subject to accounting, auditing and financial reporting standards and requirements
comparable to those of the U.S. There also might be a greater risk of political, social or
economic instability and the possibility that foreign taxes may be imposed on our clients’
income. Additionally, when investing in foreign bonds, there is always a risk that their issuer
will default and be unable to pay the interest and/or principal payments due on the bonds,
as the financial stability of foreign issuers may be more precarious than that of U.S. issuers.
Finally, non-U.S. markets have different clearance and settlement procedures which, in
some markets, have difficulty keeping pace with large volumes of transactions. This can
lead to substantial delays and settlement failures that could adversely affect a fund’s
performance.
The above sets forth certain material risks that are associated with investments with us
by our separate account advisory clients, but it is not a complete list of risks.
ACM Enhanced Municipal Income, L.P. and ACM Digital Holdings, L.P., the Partnerships,
have additional risk factors specific to their particular investment strategies. Below is a list of
certain risk factors applicable to the Partnerships.
Please note that the list below is meant to be illustrative, is limited and is qualified in its
entirety by the limited partnership agreement (LPA) and private placement memorandum
(PPM) of each Partnership. In evaluating the risks of the Partnerships, investors should refer to
the associated offering documents for each Partnership, as applicable. References to
“Partnership” in this risk section shall be deemed to refer to both Partnerships, unless the
context requires otherwise.
Partnerships: General Risk, Investment Risk, Partnership and Investment Manager Risk
Investment Risks. All investments risk the loss of capital. No guarantee or representation is
made that the Partnership’s program will be successful, and investment results may vary
substantially over time. The Partnership’s investment program may utilize investment techniques
such as options, derivatives, margin transactions, futures and short sales, which practices can, in
certain circumstances, maximize the adverse impact to which the Partnership may be subject.
Investment Judgment. The profitability of a significant portion of the Partnership’s investment
program depends to a great extent upon correctly assessing the future course of the price
movements of Partnership Investments and other investments. Investing in the Partnership
presents the risk that the Partnership Investments may never reach what the Investment
Manager believes are their fair market values, either because the market fails to recognize what
the Investment Manager considers to be the Partnership Investments’ true business values or
because the Investment Manager misjudges those values. There can be no assurance that the
Investment Manager will be able to predict accurately these price movements.
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Availability of Investment Opportunities. There can be no assurance that the Investment
Manager will be able to find suitable opportunities consistent with its investment approach.
Market conditions may limit the availability of investment opportunities. Such limitations may
cause delays in deploying the Partnership’s capital and may negatively impact the Partnership’s
returns.
Leverage. Subject to applicable margin and other limitations, the Partnership may arrange
with banks, broker-dealers, and others to borrow funds to make additional investments and
thereby increase both the possibility of gain and risk of loss. The use of leverage allows the
Partnership to make additional investments, thereby increasing its exposure to assets, such that
its total assets may be greater than its capital. However, leverage also magnifies the volatility of
changes in the value of the Partnership’s portfolio. The effect of the use of leverage by the
Partnership in a market that moves adversely to its investments could result in substantial losses
to the Partnership, which would be greater than if the Partnership were not leveraged.
Accordingly, the Partnership may pledge its assets in order to effect short sales, utilize short sale
proceeds or otherwise obtain leverage for investment or other purposes. Should the assets
pledged to brokers to secure the Partnership’s margin accounts decline in value, the Partnership
could be subject to a “margin call,” pursuant to which the Partnership must either deposit
additional funds or assets with the broker or suffer mandatory liquidation of all or a portion of
the pledged securities to compensate for the decline in value. The banks and dealers that provide
leverage to the Partnership have discretion to change the Partnership’s margin requirements at
any time. Changes by counterparties in the foregoing may result in large margin calls, loss of
leverage and forced liquidations of positions at disadvantageous prices. There can be no
assurance that the Partnership will be able to secure or maintain adequate leverage to pursue its
investment strategy. The utilization of short sale proceeds for leverage will cause the Partnership
to be subject to higher transaction fees and other costs.
Investment Authority. Substantially all decisions with respect to the management of the
Partnership are made exclusively by the Investment Manager. Limited Partners have no right or
power to take part in the management of the Partnership. Also, the General Partner has delegated
all of the trading and investment decisions of the Partnership to the Investment Manager
pursuant to the Investment Management Agreement.
Reliance on Key Persons. The Partnership will be substantially dependent on the services of
David Ackerman and key personnel. In the event of the death, disability, departure or insolvency,
or the complete transfer of the party’s interest in the General Partner, the business of the
Partnership may be adversely affected. Mr. Ackerman will devote such time and effort as he
deems necessary for the management and administration of the Partnership’s business. However,
Mr. Ackerman may engage in various other business activities in addition to managing the
Partnership, and consequently he will not devote their complete time to Partnership business.
Possible Effect of Substantial Withdrawals. Substantial withdrawals of Interests could require
the Partnership to redeem or liquidate its investments more rapidly than otherwise desired in
order to raise the cash necessary to fund the withdrawals. Illiquidity in certain markets could
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make it difficult for the Investment Manager to liquidate positions on favorable terms, which
could result in losses or a decrease in the net asset value of the Partnership.
No Distributions. Since the Partnership does not generally intend to pay distributions, an
investment in the Partnership is not suitable for investors seeking current distributions of income.
Moreover, an investor is required to report and pay taxes on his allocable share of income from
the Partnership, even though no cash is distributed by the Partnership.
Performance Allocation. The performance allocation made to the General Partner and/or the
special limited partner may create an incentive for the Investment Manager to make investments
that are riskier or more speculative than would be the case in the absence of such performance
allocation.
Absence of Registration. The Partnership has not and will not register under the Investment
Company Act. Accordingly, the provisions of the Investment Company Act which, among other
things, require that a fund’s board of directors, including a majority of disinterested directors,
approve certain of the Partnership’s activities and contractual relationships, prohibit certain
trading and investment activities, and prohibit the Partnership from engaging in certain
transactions with its affiliates, will not be applicable. The Partnership is not subject to comparable
regulation in any non-U.S. jurisdiction. Therefore, Limited Partners do not have the benefit of the
protections afforded by, nor is the Partnership subject to the restrictions contained in, such
registration and regulation.
Business and Regulatory Risks of Private Investment Funds. Legal, tax, and regulatory changes
could occur during the term of the Partnership that may adversely affect the Partnership. The
regulatory environment for hedge funds is evolving, and changes in the regulation of hedge funds
may adversely affect the value of investments held by the Partnership and the ability of the
Partnership to obtain the leverage it might otherwise obtain or to pursue its trading strategies.
The SEC and other regulators and self-regulatory organizations and exchanges are authorized to
take extraordinary actions in the event of market emergencies. The regulation of derivatives
transactions and funds that engage in such transactions is an evolving area of law and is subject
to modification by government and judicial action. The effect of any future regulatory change on
the Partnership or the General Partner could be substantial and adverse.
Prime Brokers. The Partnership will rank as an unsecured creditor to each of its prime brokers
and Custodians in relation to assets that each such third party borrows, lends, or otherwise uses
and, in the event of the insolvency of a prime broker or Custodian, the Partnership might not be
able to recover equivalent assets in full. In addition, if applicable law permits, cash that a prime
broker or Custodian holds or receives on the Partnership’s behalf may not be treated by the prime
broker or Custodian (as applicable) as client money, may not be segregated from the prime
broker’s or Custodian’s own cash and may be used by the prime broker or Custodian in the course
of its investment business. In such event, the Partnership will rank as one of the general creditors
of the prime broker or Custodian.
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Limited Recourse Against General Partner and Others. The Partnership Agreement and the
Investment Management Agreement provide that the General Partner, the Investment Manager
and their affiliates will not be liable to the Partnership or the Limited Partners except for willful
misconduct or gross negligence and will be indemnified by the Partnership for losses or liabilities
sustained by it which are not the result of willful misconduct or gross negligence.
Item 9: Disciplinary Information
Registered investment advisers are required to disclose all material facts regarding any
legal or disciplinary events that would be material to your evaluation of our firm or the integrity
of its management.
Criminal and/or Civil Actions
Neither our firm, nor any of our directors, officers or principals has been involved in any
criminal or civil actions in a domestic, foreign, or military court.
Administrative Actions
Neither our firm, nor any of our directors, officers or principals has been involved in any
administrative proceedings before the Securities and Exchange Commission, any other federal
regulatory agency, any state regulatory agency or any foreign financial regulatory authority.
Self-Regulatory Actions
Neither our firm, nor any of our directors, officers or principals has been involved in any
self-regulatory organization proceedings.
Item 10: Other Financial Industry Activities and Affiliates
Broker-Dealer
Neither our firm, nor any of our directors, officers or principals is registered as a broker-
dealer or a representative of a broker-dealer or has an application pending to register as a broker-
dealer or a registered representative of a broker-dealer.
Commodities
Neither our firm nor any of our directors, officers or principals is registered, or has an
application pending to register, as a futures commission merchant, commodity pool operator, a
commodity trading advisor, or is an associated person of any of the above.
ACM Enhanced Municipal Income GP
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ACM Enhanced Municipal Income GP, L.P., an affiliate of our firm, serves as the general
partner of ACM Enhanced Municipal Income, L.P. A/Y Digital GP, L.P., an affiliate of our firm,
serves as the general partner of ACM Digital Holdings, L.P.
We address possible potential conflicts of interest with respect to the interest of our
principals in our hedge fund business, on the one hand, and in our separate account business, on
the other hand, by fully disclosing the relationship among the firm and the Partnership including
in this brochure. Importantly, while the principals may theoretically have an incentive to steer
separate account clients to the Partnership in order to obtain performance-based compensation,
we nevertheless take our responsibilities as a fiduciary seriously and recommend the Partnership
only to investors for which such investment is suitable. Concerning the allocation of time and
resources between the two businesses, particularly the time of our principals, the Firm is highly
focused on ensuring that sufficient time and resources are devoted to both businesses in order
to best serve our clients.
Other Related Persons
Except as set forth above, we do not have any related person who is:
• a broker-dealer, municipal securities dealer, or government securities dealer or
broker;
• an investment adviser or financial planner;
• a future commissions merchant, commodity pool operator, or commodity trading
adviser;
• a banking or thrift institution;
• an accountant or accounting firm;
• a lawyer or law firm;
• an insurance company or agency;
• a pension consultant;
• a real estate broker or dealer; or
• a sponsor or syndicator of limited partnership.
Item 11: Code of Ethics, Participation or Interest in Client Transactions and Personal Trading
Our Code of Ethics
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We have adopted a Code of Ethics in accordance with the Securities and Exchange
Commission requirements. Our Code of Ethics describes the general standards of conduct
expected of all personnel of the firm, promotes a culture of honesty, integrity and
professionalism, and works to ensure that, among other things, our employees’ securities
transactions are consistent with our firm’s fiduciary duty to our clients and we remain compliant
with legal and regulatory requirements. Our Code of Ethics focuses on specific areas where
employee conduct has the potential to affect clients’ or investors’ interests adversely, such as
personal securities trading, outside activities, gifts, borrowing and lending, the influence of
personal relationships and charitable contributions. Employees who fail to uphold the Code of
Ethics are subject to disciplinary sanctions, including termination of employment.
Our Code of Ethics requires employees to submit annual statements to our compliance
officer for any account holding securities in which an employee or certain of their family members
have an interest. Certain employee trades in which an employee or certain of their family
members have an interest must be reviewed and pre-approved by our compliance officer. We
provide a copy of our Code of Ethics to any client or investor in our clients that requests one.
Participation or Interest in Client Transactions
Principals and employees of our firm may recommend to clients when appropriate to
invest a portion of their capital in the Partnerships in which we have a material financial interest.
ACM Enhanced Municipal Income, L.P. has no management and a 15% performance re-allocation.
ACM Digital Holdings, L.P. has a 0.50% management fee and a 20% performance re-allocation.
These fee structures could create an incentive for the firm to recommend the Partnerships to
clients for whom it may not be suitable or in amounts that may not be prudent. In recommending
the Partnerships to potential investors, this conflict of interest is expressly communicated to the
investor. In addition, in our role as a fiduciary of its clients’ assets, our Code of Ethics requires
that we must, at all times, act in the clients’ best interests, and we have a duty to ensure that any
recommendations are suitable for each client’s objective needs and circumstances.
With the sole exception of ACM Enhanced Municipal Income, L.P. and or ACM Digital
Holdings, L.P. (as set forth in Item 10) principals and employees of our firm do not recommend
investments in any other entity or security in which we have a material financial interest.
Personal Trading
Our principals and employees are not allowed to buy or sell, directly or indirectly:
(i)
certain covered securities that they know are being bought or sold by our
firm for clients; or
(ii)
Any security related to a covered security being actively considered for
purchase or sale by our firm for clients, such as puts, calls, other options
or rights in such security.
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In addition, our firm does not allow investment personnel to, directly or indirectly, acquire
an interest in securities through a limited offering or in an initial public offering without obtaining
the prior consent of our compliance officer (or his designee). When deciding whether consent
shall be given, our compliance officer will consider whether the opportunity should be reserved
for the client accounts.
However, our firm does not restrict transactions involving securities in which principals
or employees have no direct or indirect influence or control and for which the purchase or sale
of the security does not affect the execution of clients’ transactions. For example, mutual fund
shares which trade daily based on closing net asset values, and highly liquid exchange-traded
funds, would typically be excluded. Under our Code of Ethics, certain classes of securities have
been designated as exempt transactions, based upon a determination that these would not
materially interfere with the best interest of our clients.
At times, our firm, our affiliates or employees of our firm may buy or sell for themselves
securities, or securities related to those, we also recommend to clients. This could create a
conflict of interest if our principals and employees receive more favorable execution prices than
do our clients because our principals’ and employees’ trades might have driven up the market
prices of target securities. However, we strive to minimize this conflict by mandating that
principals and employees cannot buy or sell these securities until we have first had the
opportunity to buy or sell them for our clients’ accounts, or by including these securities in a
block transaction in which the firm, affiliate, or employee will receive the same execution. We
are also careful to ensure that the interests of employees who may own securities held by our
clients will not interfere with making decisions in the best interest of our advisory clients.
Additionally, the principals and portfolio managers of our firm have committed their own
capital to its separate account offering and hedge fund offering. This helps align the interests of
these individuals with that of our clients.
Trade Order Practices
Certain affiliated accounts may trade in the same securities with client accounts on an
aggregated basis when consistent with our obligation of best execution. In such circumstances,
the affiliated and client accounts will share commission costs equally and receive securities at a
total average price.
Cross Transactions
Our policy is to avoid any cross securities transactions for, or between, client accounts,
including (i) between our hedge fund client and any managed account client, (ii) between
managed account clients and/or (iii) between any affiliated account and any client account.
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Item 12: Brokerage Practices
Broker-Dealer Selection
In selecting broker-dealers and determining the reasonableness of commissions for our
clients’ transactions, we strive to achieve “best execution,” by taking into account any
combination of the following factors:
• commission costs,
• capital adequacy, meaning that a broker-dealer has sufficient capital to correspond to its
risk,
• ability and willingness to commit capital,
• confidentiality,
•
the nature and quality of research products and services offered,
• market expertise and
• execution ability, which includes:
o the minimization of total trading costs, errors, incomplete trades and
market impact,
o the speed at which a broker-dealer can affect a transaction,
o a broker-dealer’s use of advanced technology and infrastructure and
o the maximization of price improvement.
Our focus on the foregoing factors is not necessarily expected to result in the lowest
possible commission for transactions in client accounts, provided that we expect such
commissions to be competitive.
With regard to separate accounts, our custodian, Schwab Advisor Services (“Schwab”),
charges a flat dollar amount as a “prime broker” or “trade away” fees for each trade executed by
a different broker-dealer but where the securities bought or the proceeds from securities sold
are deposited (“settled”) into a client’s Schwab account. These fees are in addition to the other
compensation paid to the executing broker-dealer. Because of this, in order to minimize trading
costs, our firm typically uses Schwab to execute trades for separate accounts held in custody
there. Having Schwab execute these trades is consistent with our duty to seek best execution.
The Partnership may affect trades through one or more broker dealers (including its prime
brokers, Interactive Brokers).
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Our clients, including our hedge fund clients, are responsible for all brokerage transaction
costs and fees.
Brokerage for Client Referrals
We do not consider referrals in selecting or recommending broker-dealers. Our firm does
not recommend, request or require that a client—nor do we permit a client to—direct us to
execute transactions through a specified broker-dealer.
Order Aggregation
Sometimes we decide that some or all of our clients should participate in the same
investment opportunity. In this case, we aggregate the purchase or sale of the securities for the
various client accounts. We then allocate the securities purchased (or sold) among our
participating clients so that each client receives the same terms. We also seek to execute orders
for all participating clients on an equitable basis. If we decide to invest at the same time for more
than one of our clients, we place combined orders for all these accounts simultaneously, and, if
all these orders are not filled at the same price, we average the prices paid. Similarly, if an order
on behalf of more than one account cannot be fully executed under current market conditions,
we allocate the trade among the different accounts on a basis that we consider equitable.
Ultimately, clients can benefit when we aggregate trades because they get volume discounts on
execution costs. On the other hand, situations may occur where one client could be
disadvantaged because of the investment activities we conduct for other clients. In addition,
various factors (e.g., available cash, tax implications, risk tolerance, size of transaction, etc.) may
impact our decision as to whether certain clients will participate in an investment opportunity
and others will not.
Mutual fund sales and purchases are subject to time-cut-offs in order to receive same day
or next day execution at the fund’s net asset value. In placing common trades for our clients,
under certain circumstances, some trades may be received before the time cut-off while other
trades may be received after the cut-off. This can create a situation in which clients may receive
different execution prices related to the same common trade. Because mutual fund trading
occurs based on net asset value and purchases or sales of a fund do not affect net asset value,
we believe that such situations do not harm or benefit certain clients over others.
12b-1 Fees
While the firm does not receive 12b-1 fees, it may receive some indirect benefit from
receiving products and services from the custodian or broker-dealer that retained 12b-1 fees.
Cybersecurity Risks
Our firm is committed to protecting client information and maintaining the integrity of
our advisory services against cybersecurity risks, such as unauthorized access, data breaches, or
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like encryption and
firewalls, and staying ahead of emerging
phishing attempts. To manage these risks, we implement a robust cybersecurity program that
includes regular risk assessments to identify potential vulnerabilities, mandatory employee
training on data security best practices, and collaboration with a third-party IT vendor specializing
in cybersecurity. This vendor assists us in monitoring our systems, implementing protective
measures
threats.
We strive to ensure that our defenses evolve with the cybersecurity landscape, though no system
can be entirely immune to risks. In the event of a cybersecurity incident, our policies are designed
to promptly detect, contain, and address the issue, minimizing potential impacts such as
temporary service disruptions or unauthorized disclosure of client information. Our firm has not
experienced any material cybersecurity incidents to date that have compromised client data or
services, but we remain vigilant through ongoing assessments and oversight of our third-party IT
provider. By maintaining these measures, we aim to safeguard our clients’ interests and meet our
regulatory obligations.
Item 13: Review of Accounts
Separately managed accounts are reviewed in a continuous and regular manner by the
firm’s investment professionals, including David Ackerman and Johnny Hea. Exchange-traded
funds and mutual funds are evaluated primarily based on measures of valuation and price trends.
A review of an account may also be triggered by the action of the investment markets, by the
change in a particular client’s circumstances or investment objectives, or by client request.
David Ackerman, who also serves as the Partnership’s portfolio manager, reviews our
hedge fund client’s accounts on a continuous and regular manner. The securities are evaluated
for upside potential relative to related risks given a variety of fundamental and technical criteria.
The net exposures of the funds are reviewed based on the technical price action of the broad
market, the monetary environment, seasonal factors, and investor sentiment.
Clients in separately managed accounts have access to the ACM client portal, where they
can access up to date information on their account holdings, activity, and investment returns.
Clients receive monthly brokerage statements from the custodian. In addition, on a quarterly
basis, our firm provides clients with (1) a comprehensive report that includes a variety of portfolio
information, including performance reporting versus relevant benchmarks, (2) an invoice
detailing the calculation of management fees that have been deducted from clients’ accounts for
the previous quarter and (3) a letter which focuses generally on the firm’s economic and
investment outlook and recent purchases or sales. Please note that the balances used to calculate
advisory fees reflected on firm statements may vary from monthly brokerage statements
received from the custodian based on the firm’s use of average-weighted daily capital balance
for purposes of calculating management fees. Please refer to Item 5 for a further description on
Management Fees. The foregoing reports and documentation are made available to clients
electronically and/or by mail.
Limited partners in ACM Enhanced Municipal Income Fund, L.P., receive a performance
memorandum on a monthly basis that contains the Partnership’s estimated performance for the
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previous month and year to date, together with applicable benchmark comparisons and
exposures (long, short, net). Limited partners in ACM Digital Holdings, L.P. receive similar
correspondence on a quarterly basis. All reporting for the Partnerships is typically sent to limited
partners electronically. Limited partners also receive written annual reports contain audited
financial statements and tax information by mail and/or electronically based on their preference.
The Partnerships retain a third-party administrator which provides certain administrative,
accounting and investor services to the Partnership. The administrators are responsible for,
among other things, calculating the Partnerships’ net asset value, performance and fees and
assists in coordinating the year-end audit with the Partnerships’ independent auditors. The
administrator also serves as required signatory on a bank account through which our firm’s fees
are disbursed.
Item 14: Client Referrals and Other Compensation
Please see Item 12: Brokerage Practices for a description of our soft dollar practices.
Also see Item 15: Custody for a description of certain benefits.
In certain circumstances, the firm may, pursuant to a written agreement, compensate
third parties for introducing prospective clients to the firm. Such compensation will be paid in
compliance with applicable SEC rules and other applicable laws and regulations.
In connection with its retirement plan consulting services, the firm has entered into an
agreement with Fairway Partners LLC (“Fairway”) pursuant to which the firm pays Fairway a fee
in exchange for Fairway referring to the firm prospective plan clients. Under the agreement, the
firm pays Fairway approximately 25% of the firm’s annual fee for providing services to the
referred client. The foregoing payments are generally paid to Fairway for a period of four years
from the date the firm is first engaged by the referred client. The agreement is terminable by
either party on specified advance notice.
Item 15: Custody
While it is our firm’s practice not to accept or maintain physical possession of our clients’
assets, we are deemed to have custody of our Partnership investors’ assets under Rule 206(4)-2
of the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended, because we have the authority to access
our Partnership investors’ funds and deduct our fees and expenses from our Partnership
investors’ accounts. We do not have custody of the assets of our separate account clients.
In order to comply with Rule 206(4)-2, we use a bank or qualified custodian (as defined
under Rule 206(4)-2) to hold all of our clients’ assets. We also ensure that the qualified custodian
maintains these funds in accounts that contain only clients’ funds and securities, under our name
as agent for the clients. In accordance with Rule 206(4)-2, we also (1) engage an outside auditor
to audit the Partnership at the end of each fiscal year and (2) distribute the results of the audit in
audited financial statements that are prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting
principles to all limited partners within 120 days after the end of the fiscal year.
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Separate account clients will receive account statements directly from the custodian and
are urged to review them carefully and compare them with any reports internally prepared by
our firm.
Schwab Advisor Services, a division of Charles Schwab & Co., Inc. serve as the qualified
custodians for our separate account clients. Our Partnership investor assets are held in the
custody of the Partnership’s prime broker, Interactive Brokers Group, Inc. Our firm is
independently owned and is not affiliated with Charles Schwab or Interactive Brokers Group, Inc.,
or any other custodian or broker. Our choice of custodians is based on factors such as, among
other things, proven integrity and financial responsibility, trade execution ability, commission
costs and overall service quality. Our firm receives no fees or commissions from any custodial
arrangements.
Schwab provides our firm and our clients with access to institutional brokerage—trading,
custody, reporting, and related services—some of which may not typically be available to Schwab
retail customers. Schwab also makes available various support services which help us administer
accounts. The availability of Schwab’s services benefits our firm because these services are free
as long as our clients collectively keep a total of at least $10 million in assets at Schwab. This
minimum may give us an incentive to recommend that clients custody assets with Schwab and is
a potential conflict of interest. However, we believe that the selection of Schwab as custodian and
broker is in the best interests of our clients. This decision is primarily based on the scope, quality,
and price of Schwab’s services. For example, Schwab’s services include access to a broad range of
investment products, execution of securities transactions, and custody of client assets. The
investment products available through Schwab include some which might otherwise require a
higher minimum initial investment. As of December 31, 2025, our firm and its principals had more
than $570 million in assets in custody at Schwab. We do not believe that recommending clients
collectively maintain at least $10 million in assets at Schwab in order avoid paying Schwab
quarterly service fees represents a material conflict of interest.
With respect to products and services that benefit our firm but may not directly benefit a
client or a client’s portfolio, Schwab assists us in managing and administering client portfolios. For
example, Schwab makes available software and other technology that provides access to client
portfolio data, e.g., duplicate trade confirmations and account statements; facilitates trade
execution and allocates aggregated trade order for multiple accounts; provides pricing and other
market data; facilitates payment of advisor fees from our clients’ accounts; assists with back-
office functions, record keeping, and client reporting. Schwab also offers other services intended
to help our firm manage and further develop its business enterprise. Schwab may provide some
of these services itself. In other cases, Schwab will arrange for third-party vendors to provide the
services. Schwab may also discount or waive its fees for some of these services or pay all or part
of a third-party’s fees. Schwab may also provide us with other benefits, such as occasional
business entertainment of our personnel, as well as educational conferences and publications on
practice management, consulting on technology, compliance, legal and other business needs.
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Item 16: Investment Discretion
Scope of Authority
Our firm accepts discretionary authority to manage our clients’ securities accounts.
Essentially, this means that we have the authority to determine, without obtaining specific client
consent, which securities to buy or sell, the amount of securities to buy or sell and when to buy
or sell securities. Despite this broad authority, we are committed to adhering to the Investment
Policy Statement associated with each strategy offering selected by our clients and our separate
account investment advisory agreement. With regard to our Partnership, we adhere to the
respective Private Placement Memorandum and limited partnership agreements. Clients may
limit our authority and, if so, we will exercise our discretion in a manner consistent therewith.
Procedures for Assuming Authority
Before assuming authority of separately managed accounts, we provide all investors with
a copy of this brochure and our Privacy Policy. We also require a signed investment advisory
agreement and signed investment offering election form acknowledging the receipt and review
of the Investment Policy Statement corresponding to the selected offering(s).
With regard to the Partnership, before accepting subscriptions for interests, we provide
all investors in the Partnership with a Private Placement Memorandum and limited partnership
agreement. By completing our subscription documents to acquire an interest in the Partnership,
investors give us complete authority to manage their investments in accordance with the Private
Placement Memorandum and/or limited partnership agreement.
Item 17: Voting Client Securities
Proxy Voting Policy
Because clients have, in most cases, delegated the power to vote their securities to our
firm, we have implemented proxy voting policies and procedures in accordance with securities
laws and our fiduciary obligations to our clients. We determine how to vote after studying the
proxy materials and any other materials that may be necessary or beneficial to voting. We vote
in a manner that our firm believes reasonably furthers the best interests of the client and is
consistent with the client’s investment philosophy as set forth in the relevant investment
management documents. Clients may not direct our vote in any particular situation for which we
have proxy voting authority.
We will generally vote in favor of matters which follow an agreeable corporate strategic
direction, support an ownership structure that enhances shareholder value without diluting
management’s accountability to shareholders and/or present compensation plans that are
commensurate with enhanced manager performance and market practices.
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Potential Conflicts of Interest
If a proxy vote creates a material conflict between our interests and the interests of a
client, we will resolve the conflict before voting the proxies. We will either disclose the conflict
to the client and obtain consent or take other steps designed to ensure that a decision to vote
the proxy was based on our determination of the client’s best interest and was not the product
of the conflict.
Recordkeeping
We maintain records of (i) all proxy statements and votes that are made on behalf of the
clients; (ii) all written requests from clients regarding voting history; and (iii) all responses (written
and oral) to clients’ requests. These records are available to the clients (and owners of a client
that is an investment vehicle) upon request.
We have the authority to vote all proxies in the Partnership. Clients in separately managed
accounts are given the option of receiving their own proxies or to have them directed to our firm,
in which case we vote these proxies on their behalf.
Item 18: Financial Information
We are not aware of any financial condition that is likely to impair our ability to meet our
contractual commitments to our clients. Our firm has never been the subject of a bankruptcy
petition.
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