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Part 2A of Form ADV: Firm Brochure
American Fundstars Financial Group LLC
(Primary Business Name: American Fundstars)
1 Park Plaza, Suite 210, Irvine, CA
92614949-877-8838
Email: daniel.feng@americanfundstars.com
Website: https://www.americanfundstars.com
April 17, 2025
This Brochure provides information about the qualifications and business practices of American
Fundstars Financial Group LLC (primary business name: American Fundstars). If you have any
questions about the contents of this Brochure, please contact us at 949-877-8838 and
daniel.feng@americanfundstars.com. The information in this Brochure has not been approved or
verified by the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) or by any state
securities authority.
American Fundstars Financial Group LLC is registered with the SEC as both an investment adviser
and a broker-dealer and is a member of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (“FINRA”)
and the Securities Investor Protection Corporation (“SIPC”). Registration of an investment adviser
does not imply any level of skill or training.
Additional information about American Fundstars also is available on the SEC’s website at
www.adviserinfo.sec.gov. You can search this site by a unique identifying number, known as a
CRD number. The CRD number for American Fundstars is 315860.
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Item 2: Material Changes
American Fundstars has started to advise private funds. Please refer to Items 4, 5, 7, 10, and 14
of this Brochure.
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Item 3: Table of Contents
Item 1: Cover Page .......................................................................................................................... 1
Item 2: Material Changes ................................................................................................................ 2
Item 3: Table of Contents ................................................................................................................ 3
Item 4: Advisory Business................................................................................................................ 4
Description of Advisory Firm ....................................................................................................... 4
Types of Advisory Services........................................................................................................... 4
Item 5: Fees and Compensation ...................................................................................................... 6
Item 6: Performance-Based Fees and Side-By-Side Management.................................................. 9
Item 7: Types of Clients ................................................................................................................. 10
Item 8: Methods of Analysis, Investment Strategies and Risk of Loss .......................................... 10
Methods of Analysis .................................................................................................................. 10
Investment Strategies ................................................................................................................ 11
Risk of Loss ................................................................................................................................. 12
Item 9: Disciplinary Information ................................................................................................... 14
Criminal or Civil Actions ............................................................................................................. 14
Administrative Enforcement Proceedings ................................................................................. 14
Self-Regulatory Organization Enforcement Proceedings .......................................................... 14
Item 10: Other Financial Industry Activities and Affiliations ......................................................... 15
Item 11: Code of Ethics, Participation or Interest in Client Transactions and Personal Trading . 16
Item 12: Brokerage Practices ........................................................................................................ 17
Item 13: Review of Accounts ......................................................................................................... 20
Item 14: Client Referrals and Other Compensation ...................................................................... 21
Item 15: Custody ........................................................................................................................... 21
Item 16: Investment Discretion ..................................................................................................... 22
Item 17: Voting Client Securities ................................................................................................... 22
Item 18: Financial Information ...................................................................................................... 22
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Item 4: Advisory Business
Description of Advisory Firm
American Fundstars Financial Group LLC (primary business name: American Fundstars) is an
investment adviser registered with the SEC. This disclosure brochure is being provided to you
pursuant to Section 204 of the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended (“Advisers Act”).
American Fundstars is also registered with the SEC and FINRA as a broker dealer. In addition,
American Fundstars is an insurance agency licensed with California Department of Insurance
(doing business as American Fundstars Insurance Agency).
The principal owners of American Fundstars are Fan Feng, Yiqi Wang, and Leo Zhou.
American Fundstars has $276,608,065 client assets under management as of December 23, 2024,
of which $16,018,171 is managed on a discretionary basis and $260,589,894 is managed on a non-
discretionary basis.
This brochure, including any brochure supplement, is intended for those clients to whom American
Fundstars provides investment advisory services. Investors in any fund advised by American
Fundstars or any affiliate should rely on the fund’s offering materials, and may therefore refer to
this brochure, or any brochure supplement, for informational purposes only.
Types of Advisory Services
American Fundstars provides continuous advice to a client regarding the investment of client funds
based on the individual needs of the client. We take the following steps to create and manage an
investment portfolio for a client:
1. Create Investor Profile. We meet and personally discuss with a client to understand the
client’s particular circumstances so that we can establish goals and objectives of the client.
During the process, we will determine the client’s individual objectives, time horizon, risk
tolerance, and liquidity needs. We also review and discuss a client’s prior investment
history, family composition and background. We input these detailed financial information
and pertinent data on a risk profile worksheet to enable us to determine the appropriate
investment guidelines, risk tolerance and other factors that will be useful in determining
suitability of investments.
2. Portfolio Management Selection. Once the investor profile and analysis are completed, we
will develop an investment strategy with the client to address specific investment styles and
allocation of client’s assets and create and manage an investment portfolio for the client. We
diversify the client’s portfolio. Investments are determined based upon the client’s
investment objectives, risk tolerance, net worth, net income and other various suitability
factors. We manage the client’s accounts on an individualized basis. Clients may impose
investment restrictions and guidelines. Therefore, performance of portfolios with the same
investment objective may differ among clients of American Fundstars.
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Each private commingled fund (the “American Fundstars Advised Funds”) advised by American
Fundstars is managed in accordance with its investment guidelines, restrictions and is generally
not tailored to address the specific investment objectives or circumstances of any fund investor.
Accordingly, an investment in such fund does not, in and of itself, create an advisory relationship
between the investor and American Fundstars.
Third-Party Advisers
In addition to creating and managing clients’ portfolios and advising American Fundstars Advised
Funds, we also use third-party advisers. We have entered into agreements with various non-
affiliated investment advisers to offer asset allocation and asset management services to our clients.
We assist the client in choosing appropriate investment advisers based on investment objectives,
setting investment restrictions and limitations, and reviewing the performance of investment
advisers at least quarterly. American Fundstars may receive compensation from non-affiliated
investment advisers in exchange for introducing clients to them. Compensation to American
Fundstars may be in the form of a percentage of the fee charged to the client by the non-affiliated
investment adviser for its services. These fees will usually be calculated as a percentage of assets
under management. The relationship with the non-affiliated investment advisers will be clearly
communicated to all clients in a disclosure statement provided by the non-affiliated investment
adviser and/or American Fundstars.
We will monitor the performance of the non-affiliated investment advisers. If we determine that
a particular investment adviser is not providing appropriate investment management services to
the client, we will raise the issue with the adviser and may advise the client to change investment
advisers, but ultimately, whether to stay with an existing investment adviser or change to a new
investment adviser will be solely at the discretion of the client.
Wrap Fee Programs
American Fundstars does not participate in or sponsor any wrap fee programs.
Conflicts of Interest Disclosure (California Code of Regulations (CCR) Section 260.238(k))
California requires investment advisers to disclose to clients and prospective clients the potential
conflicts of interest between themselves and their client’s best interest (CCR Section 260.238(k)).
A material conflict of interest exists when the firm, its representatives or its employees could
reasonably be expected to be impaired in rendering unbiased or objective advice. Conflicts of
interest generally include compensation arrangements, other industry activities or affiliations or
participation in client transactions.
For clients who are being introduced to non-affiliated investment advisers, we will disclose to them
that a material conflict exists between the interests of our firm and the interests of our client, because
we may receive compensation from non-affiliated investment advisers in exchange for introducing
clients to them. The client is under no obligation to act upon our recommendation. If
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the client elects to act on any of the recommendations, the client is under no obligation to effect
the transaction through our firm.
Item 5: Fees and Compensation
Please note, unless a client has received the firm’s Brochure at least 48 hours prior to signing the
investment advisory contract, the investment advisory contract may be terminated by the client
within five (5) business days of signing the contract without incurring any advisory fees. Our
standard advisory fee will be based on the market value of the assets under management and
complexity of the advisory program.
Our standard advisory fees are as follows:
Account Asset Value
$0 - $99,999
$100,000 - $249,999
$250,000 - $499,999
$500,000 - $999,999
$1,000,000 - $1,999,999
$2,000,000 - $4,999,999
$5,000,000 - $9,999,999
$10,000,000 - $24,999,999
$25,000,000 - $49,999,999
$50,000,000 - $99,999,999
$100,000,000 and above
Annual Advisory Fees
1.25%
1.20%
1.10%
1.00%
0.80%
0.75%
0.60%
0.50%
0.40%
0.35%
0.30%
Fixed Income Portfolio
0.65%
0.60%
0.55%
0.50%
0.40%
0.35%
0.35%
0.30%
0.30%
0.25%
0.25%
The annual advisory fees are negotiable, prorated, and paid monthly in arrears based on the fair
market value of the account on the last trading day of the previous month. Any increase to the
advisory fees will require written consent from the client. Advisory fees will be directly debited
from client accounts or by separate payment from the client. Accounts initiated or terminated
during a calendar month will be charged a pro-rated fee. An account may be terminated with 30
days’ prior written notice. Due to advisory fees payment in arrears, no refund will be needed upon
termination of advisory services.
Our fees are exclusive of brokerage commissions, transaction fees, and other related costs and
expenses imposed by custodians, brokers, and other third parties. Mutual fund, exchange-traded
funds and private funds also charge management fees and other fees, which are disclosed in a
fund’s prospectus or private placement memorandum.
We may charge performance-based fees to accredited investors and qualified clients. See Item 6
of this Brochure.
Item 12 of this Brochure further describes the factors that we consider in selecting or
recommending broker-dealers for client’s transactions and determining the reasonableness of their
compensation (e.g., commissions).
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The American Fundstars Advised Funds pay management fees to American Fundstars. Please
refer to the applicable offering documents, subscription agreement and/or other governing
document of the American Fundstars Advised Funds for information about fees and expenses with
respect to the American Fundstars Advised Funds.
Third-Party Advisers
For clients introduced by American Fundstars to third-party advisers, American Fundstars may
receive compensation from third-party advisers in the form of a percentage of the fees that third-
party advisers received from such introduced clients. Client advisory fees are not increased in any
way as a result of our referral of any clients to a third-party adviser. We may receive up to 50%
of the advisory management fee paid by the client to the third-party adviser.
Fees received from third-party advisers are generally paid to American Fundstars within 30 days
after third-party advisers collect such fees from the client. Fees are charged in arrears at the end of
every month. All refunds of fees paid under these advisory referral programs must be obtained
directly from the third-party adviser, not from American Fundstars. Clients should refer to the
third-party adviser’s disclosure documents for information regarding their fees, billing practices,
minimum required investments and termination of advisory agreement.
Investment Funds
In addition to the American Fundstars Advised Funds, American Fundstars may also recommend
that clients invest in investment funds unaffiliated with us. If clients follow our recommendations,
in addition to payment of our advisory fees, clients will also indirectly pay to the investment fund
or its advisers or administrators the client’s pro rata share of certain fees and payments associated
with the management, operation or distribution of the investment fund, including but not limited
to distribution fees, shareholder servicing fees, “revenue share” payments, finder’s fees, fund
management fees, and custodial fees, which are directly paid by the fund or its adviser but are, in
whole or in part, ultimately borne by the fund’s shareholders.
Certain mutual funds pay their distributors fees pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the Investment
Company Act of 1940 (a “12b-1 fee”). Like other fees paid by a mutual fund, a 12b-1 fee has the
effect of reducing the investment returns on the mutual fund held by the investors in that fund.
Investment advisers are incentivized to recommend share classes that pay 12b-1 fees to them or
their affiliated broker-dealers over share classes that pay lower or no 12b-1 fees, which represents
a conflict of interest for the investment advisers. However, American Fundstars generally does not
intend to utilize for client accounts mutual fund share classes that pay American Fundstars 12b-1
fees; in the event that American Fundstars does receive 12b-1 fees from a mutual fund attributable
to shares of the fund held in a client account, American Fundstars will credit those 12b-1 fees to
that account.
An investment fund may offer several “classes” of shares, with each “class” charging different
fees and costs. Please review the investment fund’s prospectus or private placement memorandum
for a detailed description of the fund’s fees and expenses. Certain lower cost investment fund share
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classes may be available through a financial services firm other than American Fundstars.
American Fundstars cannot offer any assurance that clients will be invested in the lowest cost share
class available.
Broker Dealer Business
American Fundstars is registered with the SEC and FINRA as a broker dealer and offer brokerage
service to retail investors primarily through offerings of private securities. American Fundstars
does not offer traditional retail brokerage services, which typically include the buying and selling
of publicly traded stocks, bonds, mutual funds, ETFs, options, and futures contracts. As a result,
clients will not pay traditional brokerage fees to American Fundstars. As the placement agent for
a private offering or private placement, all fees and commissions are borne by the issuer of the
securities (i.e., the company conducting the private placement). However, any commissions or fees
paid by the issuer can ultimately be attributed back to the investor. Clients should carefully read
all documentation provided to them by the issuer (i.e., private placement memorandum, limited
partnership agreement, etc.) and be aware of all fees and carried interest (if applicable) that will be
charged by the issuer with respect to their investment in the issue.
Consulting Business
American Fundstars may provide consulting services to corporations that want to become public
company in the United States of America under the applicable U.S. Securities laws. American
Fundstars will conduct due diligence on these corporations, advise them on business plan and
capital structure, facilitate engagement of qualified professional firms including law firms, auditors,
and other service providers, and assist the corporate clients in the process of becoming public
companies. American Fundstars will be paid a fixed fees for such consulting services.
Insurance Agency
American Fundstars is an insurance agency licensed with California Department of Insurance
(license # 6005918) (doing business as American Fundstars Insurance Agency) and is able to offer
accident and health insurance and life insurance coverage to interested parties through various
unaffiliated insurance companies where American Fundstars receives commission or renewal
payments from the issuer on a client’s purchase of an insurance contract. American Fundstars will
recommend insurance products to clients. This may create a material conflict since American
Fundstars could generate insurance-related commissions from advisory clients by offering to sell
insurance products to them. The receipt of commissions and other compensation on insurance
products gives American Fundstars an incentive to recommend investments based on the
compensation we receive on insurance products rather than on the client’s needs.
To address this conflict, American Fundstars will disclose (in advance of an advisory service) the
capacity in which we are serving a client, including the potential or actual conflict of interest the
service to be provided may incur. We will provide the client/prospective client with Form ADV
Part 2A and 2B (and Form CRS if the client/prospective client is a retail investor) which will
reference our services or advice to be offered. American Fundstars takes its responsibilities
seriously and only recommends investments and advisory services believed appropriate for the
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client. In addition, at no time will there be tying between business practices and/or services, i.e.,
a condition where a client or prospective client would be required to accept one product or service
which is conditional upon the selection of a second distinctive tied product or service. No clients
are under obligation to purchase insurance products through American Fundstars. They can
purchase insurance products through other insurance agents or insurance brokers.
Disclosure on Lower Fee Alternatives (CCR Section 260.238(j) Disclosure)
Please note, lower fees for comparable services may be available from other sources.
Item 6: Performance-Based Fees and Side-By-Side Management
We may charge fees based on a share of capital gains or on capital appreciation of the assets of a
client. Performance-based fees will only be charged to accredited investors (as defined in Rule
501(a) of Regulation D under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”)) and
qualified clients (as defined in Rule 205-3 of the Advisers Act) and in accordance with the
provisions of CCR Section 260.234.
Performance-based compensation may create an incentive for American Fundstars to recommend
an investment that may carry a higher degree of risk to the client.
If a client is both an accredited investor and a qualified client, with the client’s consent, the client’s
account (the “Account”) may be charged performance fees (the “Performance Fees”) based on a
share of capital gains or on capital appreciation of the Account. The Performance Fees will equal
to 20% of Net New Profit (defined below) in respect of the Account. “Net New Profit” of the
Account is the amount (if any) by which the net asset value of the Account as of the end of each
calendar year or as of the date on which client receives a withdrawal or distribution from the
Account (an “Performance Fee Calculation Date”) exceeds (i) the High Water Mark (defined
below) for the Account, plus (ii) the Hurdle Amount (defined below) as of such Performance Fee
Calculation Date. The “High Water Mark” for the Account is the net asset value of the Account
immediately after the charge of the most recent Performance Fee or, if the Account has never been
charged a Performance Fee, the starting value of the Account. The “Hurdle Amount” is an amount
that would provide a three percent (3%) annual rate of return from the date on which a Performance
Fee was most recently charged to the Account. If a withdrawal is made from the Account at a time
when the balance of the Account is at or below its High Water Mark, the High Water Mark for the
Account will be decreased pro rata (in the same proportion as the amount of the withdrawal bears
to the balance of the Account immediately before such withdrawal). The High Water Mark for the
Account will be increased pro rata for any additional contributions to the Account (in the same
proportion as the amount of the additional contribution bears to the balance of the Account
immediately before such additional contribution). Although the High Water Mark for the Account
carries forward from year to year until exceeded, American Fundstars is not required to “repay”
any Performance Fee paid to it in respect of the Account in the event the Account subsequently
declines in value. The Performance Fees are negotiable and paid annually in arrears. Any increase
to the Performance Fees will require written consent from client. The Performance Fees will be
directly debited from the Account or by separate payment from client.
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Item 7: Types of Clients
We provide portfolio management services to individuals, high net-worth individuals, trusts,
charitable organizations and corporations or other businesses.
Our minimum account size requirement is $50,000, which may be waived at the firm’s sole
discretion.
We also provide investment advisory service to the American Fundstars Advised Funds.
Item 8: Methods of Analysis, Investment Strategies and Risk of Loss
Methods of Analysis
We use the following methods of analysis in formulating our investment advice and managing
client assets:
Fundamental Analysis
We attempt to measure the intrinsic value of a security by examining related economic and
financial factors, from macroeconomic factors such as the state of the economy and industry
conditions to microeconomic factors like the effectiveness of the company’s management. Our
goal is to determine if the security is undervalued (indicating it may be a good time to buy) or
overvalued (indicating it may be time to sell).
Fundamental analysis does not attempt to anticipate market movements. This presents a potential
risk, as the price of a security can move up or down along with the overall market regardless of
the economic and financial factors considered in evaluating the security.
Technical Analysis
We evaluate investments and identify trading opportunities by analyzing statistical trends gathered
from trading activity, such as price movement and volume. We use technical analysis to generate
short-term trading signals from various charting tools and evaluate a security’s strength or
weakness relative to the broader market or one of its sectors.
Technical analysis does not consider the underlying financial condition of a company. This
presents a risk that a poorly managed or financially unsound company may underperform
regardless of market movement.
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Cyclical Analysis
In this type of method, we apply statistical analysis of specific events occurring at enough regular
intervals in an attempt to predict the price movement of the security.
Risks for all forms of analysis
Our securities analysis methods rely on the assumption that the companies whose securities we
purchase and sell, the rating agencies that review these securities, and other publicly available
sources of information about these securities, are providing accurate and unbiased data. While we
will watch for indications that data may be incorrect, there is always a risk that our analysis may
be compromised by inaccurate or misleading information.
Investment Strategies
We will apply a flexible and opportunistic investment approach in managing client accounts and
evaluate current attractiveness of various investment classes, including equities, bonds, mutual
funds, exchange-traded funds, speculative investments and cash equivalents, provided that such
approach is appropriate to the needs of the client and consistent with the client’s investment
objectives, risk tolerance, and time horizons. The following investment strategies will be used:
Buy and Hold
Under the buy and hold investment strategy, we purchase securities and hold them for a long period
regardless of fluctuations in the market. We will actively select investments but has no concern for
short-term price movements and technical indicators.
A risk with the buy and hold strategy is that by holding the security for a long period, we may not
take advantage of the opportunity to sell at optimal times. In addition, if our predictions are
incorrect, a security may decline sharply in value before we make the decision to sell.
Short-Term Trading
Under the short-term trading investment strategy, we will follow the short-term price fluctuations
of securities closely and attempt to buy low and sell high.
A risk with short-term trading is that the price of a security may not recover from a downswing
within the time frame we anticipated and may in fact drop further in price. In addition, frequent
trading will involve more transaction expenses and any profits from short-term trading will be
taxed at a rate higher than long-term capital gains.
Short Sales
Under this investment strategy, we speculate on the decline in a security’s price or hedge against
the downside risk of a long position in the same security or a related one. In speculative short
selling, we borrow shares of a stock for your portfolio from someone who owns the stock on a
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promise to replace the shares on a future date at a certain price. Those borrowed shares are then
sold. On the agreed-upon future date, we buy the same stock and return the shares to the original
owner. We engage in short selling based on our determination that the stock will go down in price
after we have borrowed the shares. If we are correct and the stock price has gone down since the
shares were purchased from the original owner, the client account realizes the profit.
Margin Transactions
With this investment strategy, we will purchase stocks for your portfolio with money borrowed
from your brokerage account. This allows you to purchase more stocks than you would be able to
with your available cash and allows us to purchase stocks without selling other holdings.
Risk of Loss
The business of investing in securities is highly competitive and the identification of attractive
investment opportunities is difficult and involves a high degree of uncertainty. All investing
strategies we offer involve risk and may result in a loss of your original investment which you
should be prepared to bear. Many of these risks apply equally to stocks, bonds, commodities, and
any other investment or security. Material risks associated with our investment strategies are listed
below.
Market Risk: All investments in securities and other financial instruments involves substantial risk
of volatility (potentially resulting in rapid declines in market prices and significant losses) arising
from any number of factors that are beyond our control, such as: changing market sentiment;
changes in industrial conditions, competition and technology; changes in inflation, exchange or
interest rates; changing domestic or international economic or political conditions or events;
changes in tax laws and governmental regulation; and changes in trade, fiscal, monetary or
exchange control programs or policies of governments or their agencies (including their central
banks). Changes such as these, as well as innumerable other factors, are often unpredictable and
unforeseeable, rendering it difficult or impossible to predict or foresee future market movements.
Unexpected volatility or illiquidity in the markets in which the client’s account holds positions
could impair our ability to achieve the investment objectives for the client and cause the client’s
account to incur losses.
Long Positions: The success of the long positions established for the client’s account by American
Fundstars depends in large part on our ability to accurately assess the fundamental value of those
positions. An accurate assessment of fundamental value depends on a complex analysis of a number
of financial and legal factors. No assurance can be given that we will be in a position to assess the
nature and magnitude of all material factors having a bearing on the value of the long positions in
the client’s account, or that we will be able to accurately assess the impact of all factors.
Short Sales: Selling securities short is part of our investment strategies. A short sale is effected by
selling a security which a client account does not own, or selling a security which the client account
owns but which it does not deliver upon consummation of the sale. In order to make delivery to
the buyer of a security sold short, the client account must borrow the security. In so doing, it incurs
the obligation to replace that security, whatever the security’s price may be, at the time it is
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required to deliver the security to the lender. The client account must also pay to the lender of the
security any dividends or interest payable on the security during the borrowing period and may
have to pay a premium to borrow the security. This obligation must be collateralized by a deposit
of cash or marketable securities with the lender. Short selling is subject to a theoretically unlimited
risk of loss because there is no limit on how much the price of a security may appreciate before
the short position is closed out. There can be no assurance that the security necessary to cover the
short position will be available for purchase by the client account. In addition, purchasing
securities to close out the short position can itself cause the price of the relevant securities to rise
further, thereby increasing the loss incurred by the client account. Furthermore, the client account
may prematurely be forced to close out a short position if a counterparty from which the client
account borrowed securities demands their return, resulting in a loss on what might otherwise have
been a profitable position.
Exchange Traded Fund (ETF) Risk: Although the ETFs in which the client’s account may hold
are listed for trading on a listing exchange, there can be no assurance that an active trading market
for such ETFs will be maintained. Secondary market trading in ETFs may be halted by an exchange
because of market conditions or for other reasons. In addition, trading in ETFs is subject to trading
halts caused by extraordinary market volatility pursuant to “circuit breaker” rules. These
restrictions on trading may impede our efforts to effect our investment strategy. ETFs may trade
at, above or below their most recent net asset value (“NAV”). While ETFs’ creation/redemption
feature is designed to make it likely that an ETF’s shares normally will trade close to its NAV,
exchange prices are not expected to correlate exactly with a ETFs’ NAV due to timing reasons as
well as market supply and demand factors. In addition, disruptions to creations and redemptions
or the existence of extreme volatility may result in trading prices that differ significantly from
NAV.
Turnover Risk: At times, an investment strategy we implement for a client’s account may have a
portfolio turnover rate that is higher than other investment strategies. A high portfolio turnover
would result in correspondingly greater brokerage commission expenses and may result in the
distribution of additional capital gains for tax purposes. These factors may negatively affect the
account’s performance.
Risks Associated with Securities
Apart from the general risks outlined above which apply to all types of investments, specific
securities may have other risks.
Equity Securities: Some of our investment strategies are based on attempting to predict the future
price level of different equity or equity-related securities. Numerous inter-related and difficult to
quantify economic factors, as well as market sentiment, and subjective and extraneous political
climate-related and terrorist factors, influence the cost of equities. There can be no assurance that
we will be able to predict future price levels correctly. If the directional equity positions in a
client’s account are leveraged, then even comparatively minor adverse market movements can
result in substantial losses to the account.
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Debt Securities: The debt securities in which a client’s account will invest are interest-rate
sensitive and may be subject to price volatility due to various factors including changes in interest
rates, market perception of the creditworthiness of the issuer, and general market liquidity.
Typically, the debt securities held in our client’s account will be investment grade, but at the
client’s discretion, the account may also hold low investment grade or no investment grade debt
securities, which are typically subject to greater market fluctuations and risks of loss of income
and principal than lower yielding investment grade securities, and are often influenced by many of
the same unpredictable factors which affect equity prices. In addition to the sensitivity of debt
securities to overall interest-rate movements, debt securities involve a fundamental credit risk
based on the issuer’s ability to make principal and interest payments on the debt it issues. The
client’s investments in debt securities may experience substantial losses due to adverse changes in
interest rates and the market’s perception of issuers’ creditworthiness.
Private Investments and Illiquid Investments: For our clients who are accredited investors and
qualified clients, we may recommend investment in illiquid and restricted, as well as thinly-traded,
securities (including privately placed and restricted securities). There may be no trading market
for these securities, and we might only be able to liquidate these positions, if at all, at
disadvantageous prices. As a result, client’s account may be required to hold such securities
despite adverse price movements. In addition, if we makes a short sale of an illiquid security, it
may have difficulty in covering the short sale, resulting in a potentially unlimited loss on that
position. We will value the illiquid securities in the client’s portfolio using fair value principles.
Item 9: Disciplinary Information
Criminal or Civil Actions
American Fundstars and its management have not been involved in any criminal or civil action.
Administrative Enforcement Proceedings
American Fundstars and its management have not been involved in administrative enforcement
proceedings.
Self-Regulatory Organization Enforcement Proceedings
American Fundstars and its management have not been involved in legal or disciplinary events
that are material to a client’s or prospective client’s evaluation of American Fundstars or the
integrity of its management.
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Item 10: Other Financial Industry Activities and Affiliations
American Fundstars is also registered with the SEC and FINRA as a broker-dealer. Clients should
be aware that, when serving in the capacity of broker, American Fundstars may have an incentive
to recommend investment products to a client based on commissions to be paid to American
Fundstars rather than the needs of the client. Accordingly, clients should be aware that they have
the option to purchase investment products recommended by American Fundstars through other
brokers or agents not affiliated with American Fundstars.
American Fundstars acts in an advisory capacity to the American Fundstars Advised Funds for
which an affiliate may act as manager. These arrangements are disclosed in each fund’s offering
document in accordance with any disclosure requirements. American Fundstars and its affiliates
will receive management or advisory fees with respect to these services. These fees will be in
addition to any advisory fees or other fees agreed between the investors in their capacities as clients
and American Fundstars and its affiliates for investment advisory or other services. When
American Fundstars recommends or invests advisory account assets in American Fundstars
Advised Funds conflict of interests arise where American Fundstars and/or its affiliates may
benefit from increased allocations to the American Fundstars Advised Funds, and certain affiliates
of American Fundstars may receive advisory or other fees for services provided to such funds.
No American Fundstars employee is registered, or has an application pending to register, as a
futures commission merchant, commodity pool operator or a commodity trading advisor.
American Fundstars receives compensation directly from clients and from third-party advisers and
from insurance companies as described in Item 5. As a broker dealer, American Fundstars may
receive commissions from issuers of securities. American Fundstars does not receive
compensation from any other outside source. Except for the conflict of interest involved in
referring clients to third-party advisers as described in Item 4 and the conflict of interest created
by the broker dealer business and insurance agency of American Fundstars as described in Item 5,
we do not have any other conflicts of interest with any other outside party.
Insurance Agency
American Fundstars is an insurance agency licensed with California Department of Insurance
(license # 6005918) (doing business as American Fundstars Insurance Agency) and is able to offer
accident and health insurance and life insurance coverage to interested parties through various
unaffiliated insurance companies where American Fundstars receives commission or renewal
payments from the issuer on a client’s purchase of an insurance contract. Please refer to the
disclosure in Item 5 on such activities.
Recommendations or Selections of Other Investment Advisers
As referenced in Item 4 of this Brochure, American Fundstars recommends clients to non-affiliated
investment advisers to manage their accounts. In the event that we recommend a non-affiliated
investment adviser, please note that we may share in their advisory fees. You are not obligated,
contractually or otherwise, to use the services of any non-affiliated investment adviser that we
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recommend. Before selecting any third-party adviser for our clients, we will check the SEC’s
website at www.adviserinfo.sec.gov to make sure that the third-party adviser is properly licensed
or registered as an investment adviser. We will also obtain representation from third-party advisers
with respect to their status as properly licensed or registered investment advisers.
Disclosure of Material Conflicts
All material conflicts of interest under CCR Section 260.238(k) are disclosed regarding American
Fundstars, its representatives or any of its employees, which could be reasonably expected to
impair the rendering of unbiased and objective advice.
Item 11: Code of Ethics, Participation or Interest in Client
Transactions and Personal Trading
Code of Ethics
As a fiduciary, our firm and its associates have a duty of utmost good faith to act solely in the best
interests of each client. Our clients entrust us with their funds and personal information, which in
turn places a high standard on our conduct and integrity. Our fiduciary duty is a core aspect of our
Code of Ethics and represents the expected basis of all of our dealings. Pursuant to the
requirements of the Advisers Act, American Fundstars has implemented a code of ethics (the
“Code of Ethics”), which is available to clients at any time upon request, and is designed, among
other things, to manage potential conflicts of interest arising in connection with personal trading
and to ensure that personal trading of all American Fundstars officers, employees and partners (the
“Access Persons”) and knowledge of client transactions does not impermissibly disadvantage any
client’s account. Pursuant to the Code of Ethics, Access Persons must, among other things:
• place the interest of American Fundstars clients first and avoid activities, interests and
relationships that might interfere with the duty to make decisions in the best interests of
these clients;
• conduct all personal securities transactions in a manner consistent with the Code of Ethics
and in such a manner as to avoid any actual, potential or perceived conflict of interest or
any abuse of an individual’s position of trust and responsibility;
• conduct all personal securities transactions in compliance with all applicable federal
securities laws;
• not take inappropriate advantage of their positions to benefit themselves at the expense of
Code of Ethics clients.
Access Persons are prohibited from engaging in fraudulent personal trading activities such as
“front running” or “scalping,” which involve trading in a personal securities account on the basis
of the anticipated market effect of trades for American Fundstars clients.
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We periodically review and amend our Code of Ethics to ensure that it remains current, and we
require all Access Persons to attest to their understanding of and adherence to the Code of Ethics
at least annually.
Participation in Client Transactions and Personal Trading
Our firm and related persons will not engage in principal transactions or agency cross transactions.
Except for the personal trading practices described below, our firm and related persons will not
recommend to clients or buy or sell for clients’ accounts investments in which our firm or any
related person has a material financial interest.
Our firm and related persons may buy or sell for their personal accounts securities identical to or
different from those recommended to our clients. In addition, any related persons may have an
interest or position in certain securities which may also be recommended to a client.
If our firm and related persons invest in the same securities, or related securities, e.g., warrants,
options or futures, which we recommend to clients, we will avoid front-running by entering our
own trade not less than 3 hours after our clients’ trade had been entered at first.
Churning Trade Avoidance
We will keep the turnover rate at a reasonable level rather than frequently churning our clients’
assets to seek our own interests. If a client considered him/herself to be a speculative investor
which might result in relatively high-frequency trading activities in his/her account, we will
recommend a flat-fee program as a solution and also remind the potential risks of those activities
to the clients for their best interests.
Reg-BI Suitability
Prior to any solicitation about investment proposal, we will fully understand clients’ financial
conditions so as to only solicit suitable investment solutions to meet their investment objectives.
We will also monitor our clients’ portfolio in terms of returns, volatility and liquidity in needs on
a regular basis.
Item 12: Brokerage Practices
Factors Used to Select Custodians and/or Broker-Dealers
American Fundstars does not have any affiliation with any broker-dealers. Specific custodian
recommendations are made to the client based on their need for such services. We recommend
custodians based on the reputation and services provided.
1. Research and Other Soft-Dollar Benefits
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We receive soft dollar benefits. All the soft dollar benefits we receive are eligible “research or
brokerage services” under section 28(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
2. Brokerage for Client Referrals
We receive no referrals from a broker-dealer in exchange for using that broker-dealer.
3. Clients Directing Which Broker/Dealer/Custodian to Use
While we recommend a specific custodian for clients to use, clients may custody their assets at a
custodian of their choice. Clients may also direct us to use a specific broker-dealer to execute
transactions. By allowing clients to choose a specific custodian, we may be unable to achieve the
most favorable execution of client transactions, which may be more expensive to clients, compared
to using a lower-cost custodian.
The Custodians and Brokers We Use (Charles Schwab and Interactive Brokers)
The custodians and brokers we use maintain custody of your assets that we manage, although we
may be deemed to have limited custody of your assets due to our ability to withdraw fees from
your account (see Item 15 – Custody, below).
We recommend that our clients use Charles Schwab & Co., Inc. (“Schwab”) and Interactive
Brokers (“IB”), each a registered broker-dealer, member SIPC, as the qualified custodians. We are
not affiliated with Schwab or IB. Schwab or IB will hold your assets in a brokerage account and
buy and sell securities with our instruction. Unless clients direct us to use a specific custodian
broker, we will use Schwab and/or IB as custodian broker. You will open your account with
Schwab and/or IB by entering into an account agreement directly with them. We do not open the
account for you, although we will assist you in the account opening process. Even though your
account is maintained at Schwab or IB, we can still use other brokers to execute trades for your
account as described below (see “Your brokerage and custody costs”).
How we select brokers/custodians
We seek to recommend a custodian/broker that will hold your assets and execute transactions on
terms that are overall most advantageous when compared with other available providers and their
services. We consider a wide range of factors, including:
• Combination of transaction execution services and asset custody services (generally
without a separate fee for custody)
• Capability to execute, clear, and settle trades (buy and sell securities for your account)
• Capability to facilitate transfers and payments to and from accounts (wire transfers, check
requests, bill payment, etc.)
• Breadth of available investment products (stocks, bonds, mutual funds, exchange-traded
funds (ETFs), etc.)
• Availability of investment research and tools that assist us in making investment decisions
• Quality of services
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• Competitiveness of the price of those services (commission rates, margin interest rates,
other fees, etc.) and willingness to negotiate the prices
• Reputation, financial strength, security and stability
• Prior service to us and our clients
• Availability of other products and services that benefit us, as discussed below (see
“Products and services available to us from Schwab and IB”)
Your brokerage and custody costs
For our clients’ accounts that Schwab or IB maintains, Schwab and IB generally do not charge you
separately for custody services but is compensated by charging you commissions or other fees on
trades that it executes or that settle into your Schwab or IB account. Certain trades (for example,
many mutual funds and ETFs) may not incur Schwab or IB commissions or transaction fees.
Schwab and IB are also compensated by earning interest on the uninvested cash in your account
in Schwab’s or IB’s cash program.
Products and services available to us from Schwab and IB
Both Schwab and IB have platforms for independent investment advisory firms like us, namely
Schwab Advisor Services and IB Advisor Portal. They provide our clients and us with access to
their institutional brokerage services (trading, custody, reporting and related services), many of
which are not typically available to their retail customers. Schwab and IB also make available
various support services. Some of those services help us manage or administer our clients’
accounts, while others help us manage and grow our business. Schwab’s and IB’s support services
are generally available on an unsolicited basis (we don’t have to request them) and at no charge to
us. Following is a more detailed description of their support services:
Services that benefit you
Schwab’s and IB’s institutional brokerage services include access to a broad range of investment
products, execution of securities transactions, and custody of client assets. The investment
products available through Schwab and IB include some to which we might not otherwise have
access or that would require a significantly higher minimum initial investment by our clients.
Schwab’s and IB’s services described in this paragraph generally benefit you and your account.
Services that may not directly benefit you
Schwab and IB also make available to us other products and services that benefit us but may not
directly benefit you or your account. These products and services assist us in managing and
administering our clients’ accounts. They include investment research, both Schwab’s or IB’s own
and that of third parties. We may use this research to service all or a substantial number of our
clients’ accounts, including accounts not maintained at Schwab or IB. In addition to investment
research, Schwab and IB also make available software and other technology that:
• provide access to client account data (such as duplicate trade confirmations and account
statements)
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facilitate trade execution and allocate aggregated trade orders for multiple client accounts
facilitate payment of our fees from our clients’ accounts
•
• provide pricing and other market data
•
• assist with back-office functions, recordkeeping, and client reporting
Services that generally benefit only us
Schwab and IB also offer other services intended to help us manage and further develop our
business enterprise. These services include:
• Educational conferences and events
• Consulting on technology, compliance, legal, and business needs
• Publications and conferences on practice management and business succession do not
require that you maintain your account with Schwab or IB, based on our interest in
receiving Schwab’s or IB’s services that benefit our business and Schwab’s or IB’s
payment for services for which we would otherwise have to pay rather than based on your
interest in receiving the best value in custody services and the most favorable execution of
your transactions. This is a potential conflict of interest. We believe, however, that our
selection of Schwab and IB as custodians and brokers is in the best interests of our clients.
Our selection is primarily supported by the scope, quality, and price of Schwab’s and IB’s
services (see “How we select brokers/ custodians”) and not Schwab’s or IB’s services that
benefit only us.
Aggregating (Block) Trading for Multiple Client Accounts
Third-party investment advisers used by American Fundstars may block client trades at their
discretion. Their specific practices are further discussed in their ADV Part 2A, Item 12.
Item 13: Review of Accounts
Fan Feng, Founder and CEO of American Fundstars, and other qualified and registered investment
advisors, will work with clients to obtain current information regarding their assets and investment
holdings and will review this information as part of our advisory services.
Client accounts will be reviewed on an annual basis by Fan Feng or other qualified and registered
investment advisors. The account is reviewed with regards to the client’s investment policies and
risk tolerance levels. Some events may trigger a special review, such as unusual performance,
addition or deletions of client imposed restrictions, excessive draw-down, volatility in performance,
or buy and sell decisions from American Fundstars or per client’s needs.
Clients will receive trade confirmations from the broker(s) for each transaction in their accounts
as well as monthly or quarterly statements and annual tax reporting statements from their
custodians showing all activity in the accounts, such as receipt of dividends and interest.
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Item 14: Client Referrals and Other Compensation
We receive an economic benefit from Schwab and IB in the form of the support products and
services it makes available to us and other independent investment advisors whose clients maintain
their accounts at Schwab or IB. In addition, Schwab and IB have also agreed to pay for certain
products and services for which we would otherwise have to pay once the value of our clients’
assets in accounts at Schwab or IB reaches a certain size. You do not pay more for assets
maintained at Schwab or IB as a result of these arrangements. However, we benefit from the
arrangement because the cost of these services would otherwise be borne directly by us. You
should consider these conflicts of interest when selecting a custodian. The products and services
provided by Schwab or IB, how they benefit us, and the related conflicts of interest are described
above (see Item 12 – Brokerage Practices).
For clients who are being introduced to non-affiliated investment advisers, we will receive
compensation from non-affiliated investment advisers in exchange for introducing clients to them.
Please see Item 4 of this Brochure.
As a broker dealer, American Fundstars will receive commissions from the issuers of the securities.
American Fundstars and its affiliates receive advisory and management fees from American
Fundstars Advised Funds. American Fundstars may receive fixed fees from corporations that want
to become public company in the United States of America. As an insurance agency, American
Fundstars will receive commission or renewal payments from insurance companies on clients’
purchase of insurance contracts. Please see Item 5 of this Brochure.
Aside from the benefits outlined above, we do not receive any economic benefit, directly or
indirectly, from any other third party for advice rendered to our clients.
We may pay referral fees to affiliated or unaffiliated persons or entities that refer clients to us.
Such referral arrangements are designed to comply with applicable provisions of the California
regulations and federal regulations. The fees paid to any such solicitors will typically consist of a
payment as a percentage of assets under management. The compensated persons are properly
registered as solicitors and meet the qualification requirements or qualify for applicable waiver or
exemption as provided under CCR 260.236.
Item 15: Custody
American Fundstars does not accept custody of client funds.
Unless clients agree to pay our advisory fees separately, we will directly debit the advisory fees as
follows:
i.
ii.
American Fundstars will send its invoice to the client and the custodian simultaneously.
The custodian will send at least quarterly statements to the client showing all
disbursements for the account, including the amount of the advisory fee.
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iii.
The client will provide written authorization to American Fundstars, permitting us to
be paid directly from their accounts held by the custodian.
Clients should receive at least quarterly statements from the broker-dealer, bank or other qualified
custodian that holds and maintains client’s investment assets. We urge you to carefully review
such statements and compare such official custodial records to the account statements or reports
that we may provide to you. Our statements or reports may vary from custodial statements based
on accounting procedures, reporting dates, or valuation methodologies of certain securities.
Item 16: Investment Discretion
American Fundstars offers investment advisory services on both a discretionary and non-
discretionary basis. For client accounts managed on a discretionary basis, we maintain discretion
over client accounts with respect to securities to be bought and sold, amount of securities to be
bought and sold, and American Fundstars will not give advance notice or seek the client’s consent
for any changes to the portfolio. For client accounts managed on a non-discretionary basis,
American Fundstars must obtain the client’s consent before executing each transaction.
Investment discretion is explained to clients in detail when an advisory relationship has
commenced. The discretionary relationship will be outlined in the advisory contract and signed
by the client.
Item 17: Voting Client Securities
We do not vote client proxies. Therefore, clients maintain exclusive responsibility for: (1) voting
proxies, and (2) acting on corporate actions pertaining to the client’s investment assets. The client
must instruct the client’s qualified custodian to forward to the client copies of all proxies and
shareholder communications relating to the client’s investment assets. If the client would like our
opinion on a particular proxy vote, they may contact us at the number listed on the cover of this
Brochure.
In most cases, you will receive proxy materials directly from the account custodian. However, in
the event we were to receive any written or electronic proxy materials, we would forward them
directly to you by mail, unless you have authorized our firm to contact you by electronic mail, in
which case, we would forward you any electronic solicitation to vote proxies.
Item 18: Financial Information
Registered investment advisers are required to provide you with certain financial information or
disclosures about our financial condition. We have no financial commitment that impairs our
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ability to meet contractual and fiduciary commitments to clients, and we have not been the subject
of a bankruptcy proceeding.
We do not have custody of client funds or securities or require or solicit prepayment of more than
$500 in fees per client six months in advance.
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