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Item 1: Cover Page
Assabet Advisors, LLC
Form ADV Part 2A
Investment Adviser Brochure
1087 Main Street
Holden, MA 01520
(508) 351-9666
www.assabetadvisors.com
November 2025
This Brochure provides information about the qualifications and business practices of Assabet
Advisors, LLC (“we,” “us,” “our”). If you have any questions about the contents of this Brochure,
please contact Robert E. Jacobsen, Owner, Director, and Chief Compliance Officer, at (508) 351-
9666 or rjacobsen@assabetadvisors.com.
Additional information about our Firm is also available on the SEC’s website at
www.adviserinfo.sec.gov. The information in this Brochure has not been approved or verified
by the United States Securities and Exchange Commission or by any state securities authority.
We are a registered investment adviser. Please note that use of the term “registered
investment advisor” and a description of the Firm and/or our employees as “registered” does
not imply a certain level of skill or training. For more information on the qualifications of the
Firm and our employees who advise you, we encourage you to review this Brochure and the
Brochure Supplement(s).
Item 2: Material Changes
Annual Update
In this Item of Assabet Advisors, LLC’s (“Assabet,” “we” “us,” “ours” or the “Firm”) Form ADV 2,
we are required to discuss any material changes that have been made to Form ADV since the
last Annual Amendment.
Material Changes since the Last Update
Since the last Annual Amendment filing on February 22, 2024, we have the following Material
Change to report:
• This Form was updated to reflect a change in ownership. Please see Item 4, (Advisory
Business).
Full Brochure Available
Our Form ADV may be requested at any time, without charge by contacting Robert E. Jacobsen,
Owner, Director, and Chief Compliance Officer, at (508) 351-9666 or
rjacobsen@assabetadvisors.com.
Additional information about our Firm is also available on the SEC’s website at
www.adviserinfo.sec.gov. The information in this Brochure has not been approved or verified
by the United States Securities and Exchange Commission or by any state securities authority.
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Item 3: Table of Contents
Item 1: Cover Page .......................................................................................................................... 1
Item 2: Material Changes ................................................................................................................ 2
Item 4: Advisory Business ............................................................................................................... 4
Item 5: Fees and Compensation ..................................................................................................... 7
Item 6: Performance-Based Fees and Side-by-Side Management ............................................... 12
Item 7: Types of Clients ................................................................................................................. 13
Item 8: Methods of Analysis, Investment Strategies and Risk of Loss ......................................... 14
Item 9: Disciplinary Information ................................................................................................... 17
Item 10: Other Financial Industry Activities and Affiliations ........................................................ 18
Item 11: Code of Ethics, Participation or Interest in Client Transactions and Personal Trading . 19
Item 12: Brokerage Practices ........................................................................................................ 21
Item 13: Review of Accounts ........................................................................................................ 23
Item 14: Client Referrals and Other Compensation ..................................................................... 24
Item 15: Custody ........................................................................................................................... 25
Item 16: Investment Discretion .................................................................................................... 26
Item 17: Voting Client Securities .................................................................................................. 27
Item 18: Financial Information ..................................................................................................... 28
Form ADV Part 2B – Investment Advisor Brochure Supplement ................................................. 29
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Item 4: Advisory Business
Firm Description and Types of Advisory Services
Assabet Advisors, LLC (“Assabet,” “we” “us,” “ours” or the “Firm”) began business as a
registered investment advisor in September 2003. We have sought to provide customized
investment solutions to clients using a largely scientific approach to investing.
Wayne M. Ushman is an Owner and Managing Director of Assabet; and Robert E. Jacobsen is an
Owner, Director and Chief Compliance Officer.
We provide investment management and consulting services. Before entering into an advisory
relationship with us, a client is required to enter into one or more written agreements with us
(together the “Agreement”) which describe the terms and conditions governing the provision of
services. Neither Assabet nor the client may assign the Agreement without the consent of the
other party. A transaction that does not cause a change of actual control is not considered an
assignment.
Types of Advisory Services
We reserve the right to advise clients on any other type of investment that it deems
appropriate based on the client’s stated goals and objectives. We may also provide advice on
any type of investment held in a client’s portfolio at the inception of the advisory relationship
or on any investment on which the client requests advice.
Investment Management Services
Our investment advisory services are generally limited to the discretionary management of
investment portfolios on behalf of our clients, consistent with the individual objectives of the
portfolio owners. We may, under certain circumstances, offer non-discretionary management
services. As a part of the investment management relationship, we may discuss non-investment
related financial decisions or concerns with clients, recommending other advisors such as
attorneys, accountants or insurance specialists.
We allocate client investment assets primarily among mutual funds, exchange-traded funds
(“ETFs”) and individual debt securities in accordance with the investment objectives of the
client. We may, on rare occasion, recommend that clients who are “accredited investors” as
defined under Rule 501 of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, invest in private placement
securities which may include debt, equity, and/or pooled investment vehicles as consistent with
the client’s investment objectives.
We also may offer non-discretionary investment management services to clients concerning
variable life or annuity products they may own, their individual employer-sponsored retirement
plans, and/or 529 plans or other products that are not held by the client’s primary custodian. In
doing so, we recommend the allocation of client assets among various investment options
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available through the product, leaving it up to the client to make ultimate decisions or to
implement the recommendations.
We respond to client needs by customizing our advisory services. We typically consult with
clients at the initiation of the client relationship, and on an ongoing way, to create an
Investment Policy Statement (“IPS”) to record the factors guiding the investment strategy as
well as the respective duties of Assabet and the client during the relationship. The IPS will
include such information as the investment time horizon, the portfolio’s primary purpose and
objective, the client’s risk tolerance, acceptable investment vehicles, and general asset
allocation targets.
ERISA Retirement Plan Advice
We provide investment advice to sponsors of ERISA retirement plans. At the plan level, we are
the responsible plan fiduciary for the analysis, selection, and monitoring of the investment
portfolio for each plan participant.
Tailored Relationships
We tailor investment advisory services to the individual needs of the client. Clients are advised
to promptly notify us whenever there are changes in their financial situation or investment
objectives. Clients may impose reasonable restrictions upon our management services. All
limitations and restrictions placed on accounts must be presented to us in writing.
Fiduciary Statement
We are fiduciaries under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 and when we provide investment
advice to you regarding your retirement plan account or individual retirement account, we are
also fiduciaries within the meaning of Title I of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act,
(“ERISA”) and/or the Internal Revenue Code, (“IRC”), as applicable, which are laws governing
retirement accounts.
We have to act in your best interest and not put our interest ahead of yours. At the same time,
the way we make money creates some conflicts with your interests. We must take into
consideration each client’s objectives and act in the best interests of the client. We are
prohibited from engaging in any activity that is in conflict with the interests of the client. We
have the following responsibilities when working with a client:
• To render impartial advice;
• To make appropriate recommendations based on the client’s needs, financial
circumstances, and investment objectives;
• To exercise a high degree of care and diligence to ensure that information is presented
in an accurate manner and not in a way to mislead;
• To have a reasonable basis, information, and understanding of the facts in order to
provide appropriate recommendations and representations;
• Disclose any material conflict of interest in writing; and
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• Treat clients fairly and equitably.
Regulations prohibit us from:
• Employing any device, scheme, or artifice to defraud a client;
• Making any untrue statement of a material fact to a client or omitting to state a material
fact when communicating with a client;
• Engaging in any act, practice, or course of business which operates or would operate as
fraud or deceit upon a client; or
• Engaging in any manipulative act or practice with a client.
We will act with competence, dignity, integrity, and in an ethical manner, when working with
clients. We will use reasonable care and exercise independent professional judgement when
conducting investment analysis, making investment recommendations, trading, promoting our
services, and engaging in other professional activities.
Wrap Fee Programs
We do not participate in a Wrap Fee Program.
Client Assets
As of December 31, 2024, we had $158,251,676 in assets under management. Of that amount,
$155,472,266 were managed on a discretionary basis and $2,779,450 on a non-discretionary
basis.
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Item 5: Fees and Compensation
Compensation – Asset Management Services
We offer our services on a fee basis, based upon assets under management.
Investment Management Fees
We provide investment advisory services for an annual fee based upon a percentage of the
market value of the assets managed by us. The annual fee is prorated and charged quarterly in
arrears, based upon the market value of the assets, including cash, managed by us on the final
day of the previous quarter. The annual fee established for an individual client will be in a range
between 0.80% and 1.25% and depends upon several factors including the market value of
assets under management, the number of accounts and the type of management services to be
provided. Our annual fee is exclusive of, and in addition to brokerage commissions, transaction
fees, and other related costs and expenses which may be incurred by the client. We do not
receive any portion of these commissions, fees and costs.
We do not discount investment management fees. The applicable rates paid by all of our
investment management clients fall within the above stated range.
Fees Charged by Financial Institutions
As further discussed in response to Item 12 (below) we recommend that clients use the
brokerage and clearing services of Fidelity Institutional Wealth Services (“Fidelity”) for
investment management accounts.
We will only implement our recommendations after the client has furnished us with all
information and authorization regarding accounts with the appropriate financial institution.
Financial institutions include Fidelity, any broker dealers directed by the client, trust companies,
banks, etc. (“Financial Institution”).
Clients may incur charges imposed by Financial Institutions and other third parties, including
custodial fees, fund management fees or other expenses imposed directly by a mutual fund or
ETF, which are disclosed in the fund’s prospectus, deferred sales charges, transfer taxes, wire
transfer and electronic fund fees, and other fees and taxes on brokerage accounts and
securities transactions. Clients also may incur brokerage commissions and transaction fees.
Such charges, fees and commissions are exclusive of and in addition to our fee. We do not
receive any portion of these commissions, fees and costs.
Fees Paid for Management During Partial Quarters of Service
During the initial quarterly period of investment management services, fees are calculated on a
pro rata basis.
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The Agreement between Assabet and the client will remain in effect until terminated by either
party pursuant to the terms of the Agreement. Our fees will be prorated through the date of
termination.
Clients may make contributions to and withdrawals from their account at any time. Clients may
withdraw account assets on 5 days’ notice to the Firm. However, because We generally design
portfolios for a long-term time horizon, the withdrawal of assets may impair the achievement
of a client’s investment objectives.
Additions may be in cash or securities. We reserve the right to liquidate any transferred
securities or decline to accept them into the account. We will consult with our clients about
these decisions, including the advice that if securities are liquidated, the client may experience
transaction fees, fees assessed on the mutual fund level and/or tax ramifications.
In the event that assets exceeding $250,000 are deposited into or withdrawn from an account,
the fee payable with respect to those particular assets will be prorated according to the
number of days remaining in the quarter.
ERISA Plan Services
Fees for advice and services provided to ERISA retirement plans follow the same structure as
the non-ERISA accounts we manage. We do not utilize any investments that result in additional
compensation to the Firm or our employees.
All direct and indirect compensation will be described in the 408(b)(2) disclosure provided
when your ERISA account is established.
Agreement Terms
Either the client or the Firm may terminate the agreement at any time by notification in writing.
Though not typical, if a client made an advance payment, we would refund any unearned
portion of the advance payment.
Cash Balances
Some of your assets may be held as cash and remain uninvested. Holding a portion of your
assets in cash and cash alternatives, i.e., money market fund shares, may be based on your
desire to have an allocation to cash as an asset class, to support a phased market entrance
strategy, to facilitate transaction execution, to have available funds for withdrawal needs or to
pay fees or to provide for asset protection during periods of volatile market conditions, or to
shorten the duration of fixed income holdings. Your cash and cash equivalents will be subject to
our investment advisory fees unless otherwise agreed upon. You may experience negative
performance on the cash portion of your portfolio if the investment advisory fees charged are
higher than the returns you receive from your cash.
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Retirement Plan Rollover Recommendations
As part of our investment advisory services to our clients, we may recommend that clients roll
assets from their employer’s retirement plan, such as a 401(k), 457, or ERISA 403(b) account
(collectively, a “Plan Account”), to an individual retirement account, such as a SIMPLE IRA, SEP
IRA, Traditional IRA, or Roth IRA (collectively, an “IRA Account”) that we will advise on the
client’s behalf. We may also recommend rollovers from IRA Accounts to Plan Accounts, from
Plan Accounts to Plan Accounts, and from IRA Accounts to IRA Accounts.
If the client elects to roll the assets to an IRA that is subject to our advisement, we will charge
the client an asset-based fee as set forth in the advisory agreement the client executed with our
firm. This creates a conflict of interest because it creates a financial incentive for our firm to
recommend the rollover to the client (i.e., receipt of additional fee-based compensation).
Clients are under no obligation, contractually or otherwise, to complete the rollover. Moreover,
if clients do complete the rollover, clients are under no obligation to have the assets in an IRA
advised on by our firm. Due to the foregoing conflict of interest, when we make rollover
recommendations, we operate under a special rule that requires us to act in our clients’ best
interests and not put our interests ahead of our clients’.
Under this special rule’s provisions, we must:
• meet a professional standard of care when making investment recommendations (give
prudent advice);
• never put our financial interests ahead of our clients’ when making recommendations
(give loyal advice);
• avoid misleading statements about conflicts of interest, fees, and investments;
•
follow policies and procedures designed to ensure that we give advice that is in our
clients’ best interests;
• charge no more than a reasonable fee for our services; and
• give clients basic information about conflicts of interest.
Many employers permit former employees to keep their retirement assets in their company
plan. Also, current employees can sometimes move assets out of their company plan before
they retire or change jobs. In determining whether to complete the rollover to an IRA, and to
the extent the following options are available, clients should consider the costs and benefits of
a rollover. Note that an employee will typically have four options in this situation:
1. leaving the funds in the employer’s (former employer’s) plan;
2. moving the funds to a new employer’s retirement plan;
3. cashing out and taking a taxable distribution from the plan; or
4. rolling the funds into an IRA rollover account.
Each of these options has positives and negatives. Because of that, along with the importance
of understanding the differences between these types of accounts, we will provide clients with
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an explanation of the advantages and disadvantages of both account types and document the
basis for our belief that the rollover transaction we recommend is in your best interests.
General Information on Compensation and Other Fees
In certain circumstances, fees, account minimums and payment terms are negotiable, at our
discretion, depending on each client’s unique situation – such as the size of the aggregate
related party portfolio size, family holdings, low-cost basis securities, or certain passively
advised investments and pre-existing relationships with clients. Certain clients may pay more or
less than others depending on the amount of assets, type of portfolio, or the time involved, the
degree of responsibility assumed, complexity of the engagement, special skills needed to solve
problems, the application of experience and knowledge of the client’s situation.
Our fees are exclusive of brokerage commissions, transaction fees, and other related costs and
expenses which shall be incurred by the client. Clients may incur certain charges imposed by
custodians, brokers, third party investment and other third parties such as fees charged by
managers, custodial fees, deferred sales charges, odd-lot differentials, transfer taxes, wire
transfer and electronic fund fees, and other fees and taxes on brokerage accounts and
securities transactions. Mutual funds and exchange traded funds also charge internal
management fees, which are disclosed in a fund’s prospectus.
All fees paid to us for investment advisory services are separate and distinct from the fees and
expenses charged by mutual funds to their shareholders. These fees and expenses are
described in each fund’s prospectus. These fees will generally include a management fee, other
expenses, and a possible distribution fee. If the fund also imposes sales charges, a client may
pay an initial or deferred sales charge.
A client could invest in a mutual fund directly, without our services. In that case, the client
would not receive the services provided by us, which are designed, among other things, to
assist the client in determining which mutual funds are most appropriate to each client’s
financial condition and objectives. Accordingly, the client should review both the fees charged
by the funds and the fees charged by us to fully understand the total amount of fees to be paid
by the client and to thereby evaluate the advisory services being provided.
Clients should note that similar advisory services may (or may not) be available from other
investment advisers for similar or lower fees.
Fees and Expenses (Mutual Funds Share Class Selection)
We use our best efforts to purchase lower cost fund shares but in certain instances cannot
because the fund company does not offer institutional class, non 12b-1 fee paying funds or
does not contractually offer them.
Funds generally offer multiple share classes available for investment based upon certain
eligibility and/or purchase requirements. For instance, in addition to retail share classes
(typically referred to as class A, class B, class C and Investor shares), funds may also offer
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institutional share classes or other share classes that are specifically designed for purchase by
investors who meet certain specified eligibility criteria, including, for example, whether an
account meets certain minimum dollar amount thresholds or is enrolled in an eligible fee-based
investment advisory program. Institutional share classes usually have a lower expense ratio
than other share classes.
We conduct periodic reviews of client holdings in mutual fund investments to ensure the
appropriateness of mutual fund share class selections and whether alternative mutual fund
share class selections are available that might be more appropriate given the client’s particular
investment objectives and any other appropriate considerations relevant to mutual fund share
class selection. Regardless of such considerations, clients should not assume that they will be
invested in the share class with the lowest possible expense ratio.
The appropriateness of a particular fund share class selection is dependent upon a range of
different considerations, including but not limited to: the asset-based advisory fee that is
charged, whether transaction charges are applied to the purchase or sale of funds, operational
considerations associated with accessing or offering particular share classes, and share class
eligibility requirements.
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Item 6: Performance-Based Fees and Side-by-Side Management
Performance-Based Fees
Neither we nor any of our employees accepts performance-based fees (fees based on a share of
capital gains on or capital appreciation of the assets of a client).
We do not use a performance-based fee structure because of the potential conflict of interest.
Performance-based compensation may create an incentive for the adviser to recommend an
investment that may carry a higher degree of risk to the client.
We do not provide any services on a performance-based fee basis.
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Item 7: Types of Clients
Types of Clients
As described in Item 4, our clients may include individuals, corporations, pension and profit-
sharing plans, trusts, estates, charitable organizations and business entities.
Account Minimums
We typically require a minimum relationship size of $750,000 for investment advisory clients,
although this may be negotiable under certain circumstances. We may, in our sole discretion,
accept clients with assets below $750,000 after consideration of factors including, but not
limited to, anticipated future additional assets, related accounts, account composition, and pro
bono activities. We may aggregate portfolios of family members to meet the minimum
portfolio size.
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Item 8: Methods of Analysis, Investment Strategies and Risk of Loss
Methods of Analysis and Investment Strategy
In managing the investment of a client’s assets, our emphasis is on the client’s comfort with
market volatility as well as the client’s financial goals and circumstances. We aim to find a
balance between a level of investment return and a level of risk appropriate to the individual
client. We seek to achieve this balance through asset allocation which is the strategic
distribution of client assets into various asset classes (e.g., intermediate domestic bonds,
developed market foreign stocks, large-capitalization U.S. growth stocks). We are in agreement
with the proponents of modern portfolio theory who hold that the asset allocation decision is
the key to investment results, and that efforts to select individual securities and movement in
and out of the stock market tend not to produce good results over time.
Consistent with this understanding, we do not study or select individual stocks or evaluate the
timing of market participation by analyzing current market trends or forecasting future trends.
Rather, we develop a customized asset allocation plan for each client using an asset allocation
optimization process. This process includes the analysis of performance data (returns, volatility)
of multiple asset classes over a long period, as well as the correlation between the data of the
respective asset classes with each other. A client’s customized asset allocation plan may
incorporate information about a client’s other financial holdings if this information is shared
with us.
We aim to maintain asset allocations unless it becomes necessary to adjust them in response to
a change in the client’s circumstances or goals. Failing that, we seek to rebalance portfolios to
the most recent asset allocation on at least an annual basis.
Because we seek to capture the performance of the various equity asset classes used in the
allocation, we typically implement the equity allocation through the use of “passive investment
vehicles.” These are no-load mutual funds or exchange traded funds (“ETFs”) which have
achieved performance that very closely replicates the performance of a specific asset class.
Thus, we develop portfolios with exposure to a broad range of domestic and international
equity classes and to a substantial number of individual stocks. Apart from ETFs (which are
baskets of many individual stocks comprising an equity security themselves) we typically do not
purchase individual stocks. When portfolios of new clients are transferred to us, it is our
general practice to sell most individual stocks over time, taking care to minimize capital gains
taxes.
We invest in fixed income securities as well as in mutual funds or ETFs. We focus on bonds with
short to intermediate maturities and investment-grade quality in order to control investment
risk. We may purchase municipal securities for portfolios. We also invest in international and
high yield bonds, as well as Treasury inflation-protected securities, either directly or indirectly
through the use of mutual funds or ETFs.
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Risk of Loss
Investing in securities involves risk of loss that clients should be prepared to bear.
All investments involve the risk of loss, including (among other things) loss of principal, a
reduction in earnings (including interest, dividends and other distributions), and the loss of
future earnings. Although we manage assets in a manner consistent with your investment
objectives and risk tolerance, there can be no guarantee that our efforts will be successful.
You should be prepared to bear the following risks of loss:
Asset Allocation Strategy
By using a strategy of asset allocation optimization, we distribute portfolio assets among
various asset classes in a combination intended to produce a certain balance of risk and reward
appropriate for the client’s goals and sensitivities. We believe that this diversification offers
clients an added level of protection against overexposure to any one asset class. Also, we
expect that asset allocation optimization helps to target a range of investment performance
suitable for the client. By using a number of asset classes, client portfolios are exposed in
varying degrees to asset classes that by themselves may prove volatile during a given period.
Mutual Funds and ETFs
An investment in an individual ETF or mutual fund can involve risk, including a loss of principal
as shareholders of the funds or ETFs will experience risks deriving from the fund’s underlying
securities. In addition, mutual funds and ETFs are required to annually distribute capital gains
that are not offset by corresponding capital losses. Shareholders may be liable for taxes on any
fund-level capital gains, regardless of how the fund performs.
Mutual fund shares generally are distributed and redeemed on an ongoing basis by the fund
itself. The trading price for a transaction equals the fund’s stated daily per-share net asset value
(“NAV”) plus any shareholder fees. The per share NAV of a mutual fund is calculated at the end
of each business day, although the actual NAV fluctuates throughout the day with changes in
the market value of the fund’s individual holdings. The stated per share NAV at the end of the
day may differ significantly from its actual NAV during periods of market volatility.
Shares of ETFs are listed on securities exchanges and bought and sold at negotiated prices in
the secondary market. ETFs tend to trade near their most recent NAV which generally is
calculated at least once a day for indexed-based ETFs but more often for actively managed
ETFs. Certain inefficiencies may cause the shares to trade at a premium or at a discount to their
NAV. Also, an active secondary market for ETF shares cannot be guaranteed. Generally, an ETF
only redeems shares when they are aggregated as “creation units.” (usually 50,000 shares or
more) Therefore, should a liquid secondary market cease to exist for shares of a certain ETF, a
shareholder may be unable to dispose of shares.
Market Risks
The performance of a significant portion of our recommendations may depend to a great
extent upon the success of a portfolio optimization analysis, based on historical data, in
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correctly assessing the future performance of various asset classes. There can be no assurance
that we will be able to predict those price movements accurately.
Cybersecurity Risk
A breach in cyber security refers to both intentional and unintentional events that may cause
an account to lose proprietary information, suffer data corruption, or lose operational capacity.
This in turn could cause an account to incur regulatory penalties, reputational damage, and
additional compliance costs associated with corrective measures, and/or financial loss.
Pandemic Risk
Large-scale outbreaks of infectious disease can greatly increase morbidity and mortality over a
wide geographic area, crossing international boundaries, and causing significant economic,
social, political disruption, and triggering market fluctuations.
Custodial Risk
This risk is the probability that a party to a transaction will be unable or unwilling to fulfill its
contractual obligations either due to technological errors, control failures, malfeasance, or
potential regulatory liabilities.
Use of Private Collective Investment Vehicles
We may recommend to certain clients who are “accredited investors” that they invest in
privately placed collective vehicles (some of which may be known as “hedge funds”). The
managers of these vehicles may have very broad discretion in selecting investments as there
are few limitations on the types of securities which may be traded, and no requirement to
diversify. The hedge funds may trade on margin or leverage positions, thereby potentially
increasing the risk to the fund. The client will receive a private placement memorandum
explaining these and other risks.
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Item 9: Disciplinary Information
We are required to disclose the facts of any legal or disciplinary events of which a client should
be aware when evaluating our advisory business or the integrity of management. We have no
disclosures related to this Item.
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Item 10: Other Financial Industry Activities and Affiliations
We are required to disclose to our clients any relationship or arrangement with certain related
persons that is material to our advisory business.
Financial Industry Activities
We are not registered as a broker-dealer, and none of our management persons are registered
representatives of a broker-dealer.
Neither we, nor any of our management persons, is registered as (or associated with) a futures
commissions merchant, commodity pool operator, or a commodity trading advisor.
Neither we nor any of our management persons have a material relationship or arrangement
with any related person or financial industry entities.
Other Investment Advisors
We may recommend or select other investment advisors for our clients. We do not receive
compensation for the recommendation or selection of these advisers.
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Item 11: Code of Ethics, Participation or Interest in Client
Transactions and Personal Trading
Code of Ethics
Our employees must comply with a Code of Ethics and Statement for Insider Trading (the
“Code”). The Code describes our high standard of business conduct, and fiduciary duty to our
clients. The Code’s key provisions include:
• Statement of General Principles
• Policy on and reporting of Personal Securities Transactions
• A prohibition on Insider Trading
• Restrictions on the acceptance of significant gifts
• Procedures to detect and deter misconduct and violations
• Requirement to maintain confidentiality of client information
Wayne M. Ushman, Owner and Managing Director, reviews all employee trades each quarter.
Robert E. Jacobsen, Owner, Director, and Chief Compliance Officer, reviews Wayne M.
Ushman’s trades each quarter. These reviews ensure that personal trading does not affect the
markets, and that clients of the Firm receive preferential treatment.
Our employees must acknowledge the terms of the Code at least annually, and any employee
not in compliance with the Code may be subject to termination. We will provide a copy of our
Code upon request.
Participation or Interest in Client Transactions – Personal Securities Transactions
The Firm and our employees may buy or sell securities identical to those recommended to
clients for their personal accounts.
The Code is designed to assure that the personal securities transactions, activities, and interests
of our employees will not interfere with (i) making decisions in the best interest of advisory
clients and (ii) implementing such decisions while, at the same time, allowing employees to
invest for their own accounts. Under the Code, certain classes of securities, primarily mutual
funds, have been designated as exempt transactions, based upon a determination that these
would materially not interfere with the best interest of our clients. In addition, the Code
requires pre-clearance of certain transactions. Nonetheless, because the Code in some
circumstances would permit employees to invest in the same securities as clients, there is a
possibility that employees might benefit from market activity by a client in a security held by an
employee. Employee trading is continually monitored under the Code and designed to
reasonably prevent conflicts of interest between us and our clients.
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Participation or Interest in Client Transactions – Financial Interest and Principal/Agency Cross
We do not recommend to clients, or buy or sell for client accounts, securities in which we have
a proprietary interest. Examples of proprietary interests are where we, or an employee, would
buy securities from, or sell securities to, clients, or act as a General Partner in a partnership in
which clients invest.
It is our policy that we will not affect any principal or agency cross-securities transactions for
client accounts.
The Firm and our employees (“Access Persons”) are permitted to buy and sell securities that it
also recommends to our clients, consistent with our policies and procedures.
We manage our business according to the standards of conduct set forth in our Code. The Code
guides the firm in compliance with applicable securities laws. It includes written policies
designed to prevent the unlawful use of material non-public information by the firm or our
associated person. It also requires that “Access Persons” of the firm report their financial
holdings and transactions and seek pre-approval for personal transactions involving certain
investments such as initial public offerings or limited offerings.
When we are conducting or considering a securities transaction on behalf of a client, no Access
Person may engage in a transaction in the same security for themselves or their immediate
family (spouse, minor children or adults living in their same household) unless:
• The transaction for the client has been completed;
• The transaction for the Access Person is completed as a part of a batch trade along
with clients; or
• The transaction for the client has been cancelled.
These requirements do not apply to (i) direct obligations of the Government of the United
States, ii) money market instruments, banker’s acceptances, bank certificates of deposit,
commercial paper, repurchase agreements or other high quality short-term debt instruments;
iii) shares issued by mutual funds, exchange traded funds or money market funds; and iv)
shares issued by unit investment trusts that are invested exclusively in one or more mutual
funds.
Our Code was adopted while recognizing that some securities trade in markets so broad that
transactions by Access Persons may be completed without appreciable impact on those
markets. Therefore, exceptions may be made to the policies stated here, in certain limited
circumstances.
20
Item 12: Brokerage Practices
Research and Other Soft Dollar Benefits
We do not receive formal soft dollar benefits other than execution from broker/dealers in
connection with client securities transactions.
Brokerage for Client Referrals
We do not receive client referrals from broker/dealers.
Directed Brokerage
We generally recommend that clients use the brokerage and clearing services of Fidelity. In
evaluating or recommending Fidelity or other broker-dealers to clients, we consider such
factors as reputation, financial strength, execution, pricing, research and service. Through
Fidelity, we can obtain many mutual funds and ETF’s without transactions charges and other
securities at nominal transaction charges. Commissions and/or transactions fees charged by
Fidelity may be higher or lower than those charged by other Financial Institutions.
We have a duty to obtain “best execution” by determining that the commissions paid by a
client are reasonable in relation to the value of the brokerage and research services received,
even where the commission paid may be higher than what another qualified Financial
Institution might charge to affect the same transaction. In seeking best execution, the
determining factor is whether the transaction represents the best execution overall, including
the full range of services offered by the Financial Institution such as execution capability, the
value of research provided, commission rates, and responsiveness. We seek competitive rates
but may not necessarily secure the lowest possible commission rates for client transactions. In
seeking to obtain best execution, we periodically and systematically review our policies and
procedures regarding our recommendation of Financial Institutions.
A client may request that we use a particular Financial Institution to execute all or some of the
transactions for the client. With our agreement, the client will negotiate terms and
arrangements for the account with that Financial Institution and we will not be required to seek
better execution services or prices, nor will we be able to batch client transactions for
execution with other accounts managed by us. As a result, the client may pay higher
commissions or other transaction costs or greater spreads, or receive less favorable net prices,
on transactions for the account than would otherwise be the case. Subject to our duty of best
execution, we may decline a request to direct brokerage if, in our sole discretion, the directed
brokerage arrangement would result in additional operational difficulties.
Directed Brokerage – Other Economic Benefits
Subject to the requirements of best execution, we may direct brokerage transactions to certain
broker-dealers who can offer investment research products and/or services which assist us with
investment decision-making. The research will be used in service to all clients, but brokerage
commissions paid in the course of business by one client may be used to pay for research that is
21
not used in managing that client’s portfolio. Receiving investment research support as well as
the allocation of the benefit of that support could represent a potential conflict of interest
because we do not have to pay for the support.
We may receive from Fidelity, without cost, computer software and related systems support
which allows us to monitor client accounts maintained at Fidelity. This is provided free of cost
because we manage investments for clients whose accounts are maintained at Fidelity. While
this service may directly benefit us, but not directly our clients, we will always seek to put client
interests before our own. However, our receipt of benefits from a broker-dealer may constitute
a conflict of interest as these benefits could influence our selection of one broker-dealer over
another that does not offer similar support.
We may also receive the following benefits from Fidelity through the Fidelity Institutional
Wealth Services Group: duplicate client confirmations and bundled duplicate statements,
access to a trading desk serving Institutional Wealth Services Group clients exclusively, access
to block or batch trading allowing us to aggregate and then allocate individual transactions, and
access to an electronic communication network for trading and account information.
Trade Aggregation
Transactions for client accounts will be handled independently unless we choose to buy or sell
the same securities for multiple clients at approximately the same time. In such case, we may
(but are not required to) “batch” the orders to obtain best execution, to negotiate favorable
commission rates or to allocate differences in prices, commissions or other trading costs
equitably among the various clients in a way that might have been unobtainable had the orders
been placed independently. With batch orders, transactions generally will be averaged in terms
of price and the purchases or sales will be placed for individual clients on a pro rata basis.
Should we decide that in a certain circumstance a prorated allocation is not appropriate, the
allocation may be based upon other factors including: i) when allocating a purchase in which
only a small percentage of the order is executed, preference may be given to an account with
the smallest order, or to one that is out of line in terms of security or sector weightings
compared to other accounts ii) preference may be given to an account whose investment
guidelines limit it from investing in other securities expected to yield similar results that can be
purchased by other accounts; iii) in the case of sales allocations, preference may be given to
accounts lowest in cash; iv) if only a small proportion of an order is executed in all accounts,
allocations may be given to one or more accounts on a random basis.
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Item 13: Review of Accounts
Reviews
We monitor client portfolios as part of an ongoing process, and regular account reviews are
generally conducted on a quarterly basis. Reviews could also occur at the time of new deposits,
material changes in the client’s financial information, changes in economic cycles, at our
discretion or as often as the client directs. Reviews entail analyzing securities, sensitivity to
overall markets, economic changes, investment results, asset allocation, etc., to ensure the
investment strategy and expectations are structured to continue to meet the client’s objectives.
These reviews are conducted by one of our Investment Advisor Representatives.
Clients are encouraged to discuss their needs, goals, and objectives with us and to inform us of
any changes.
Reporting
At least quarterly, the custodian provides clients with an account statement for each client
account, which may include individual holdings, cost basis information, deposits and
withdrawals, accrued income, dividends, and performance. We may also provide clients with
periodic reports regarding their holdings, allocations, and performance.
23
Item 14: Client Referrals and Other Compensation
Compensation – Client Referrals
We have been fortunate to receive many client referrals over the years. The referrals came
from current clients, attorneys, accountants, employees, personal friends of employees, and
other similar sources. We do not compensate referring parties for these referrals.
Other Economic Benefits
Also, we must disclose any relationship or arrangement in which we receive an economic
benefit from a third party for providing advisory services. Refer to Item 12. Brokerage Practices
for information about our relationship with our custodian, Fidelity.
24
Item 15: Custody
Custody – Fee Debiting
Our agreement as well as separate agreements with Financial Institutions, may authorize us,
through the Financial Institution, to debit a client’s account for the amount of our fee, and to
directly remit the fee amount to us, consistent with applicable custody rules.
Any Financial Institution serving as custodian for our client accounts will have agreed to send a
statement to the client on at least a quarterly basis, itemizing all amounts disbursed from the
account including the management fees paid directly to us. We also send quarterly reports to
clients, as discussed in Item 13. Clients are recommended to review the statements sent by the
Financial Institution and compare them to those sent by us.
Trusteeship
Wayne M. Ushman acts as a trustee for a number of family trusts of close family friends. This
personal relationship predates his activity as an advisor for the firm. We do not otherwise offer
trusteeship services.
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Item 16: Investment Discretion
In most cases, we retain the authority to exercise investment discretion on behalf of clients,
which means that we can affect transactions for a client without having to receive the client’s
consent in advance. We are given this authority through a power-of-attorney included in the
management agreement between the client and the Firm. Clients may request a limitation on
this authority such as listing securities to not be bought or sold, or requesting that we seek
consent before investment transactions are completed.
In most cases, we take discretion over the following activities:
• The securities to be bought or sold
• The amount of securities to be bought or sold
• The timing of transactions
• The Financial Institution to be utilized
26
Item 17: Voting Client Securities
Proxy Voting
We do not have any authority to and do not vote proxies on behalf of clients, nor do we make
any express or implied recommendation with respect to voting proxies. Clients retain the sole
responsibility for receiving and voting proxies that they receive directly from either their
custodian or transfer agents. Clients may contact us for information about proxy voting.
27
Item 18: Financial Information
Financial Condition
We are not required to disclose any financial information because:
We do not require or solicit the prepayment of more than $1,200 in fees six months or more in
advance (we do not require or solicit prepayment of fees in any circumstance);
We do not have a financial condition that is reasonably likely to impair our ability to meet
contractual commitments to clients; and
We have not been the subject of a bankruptcy petition in the last ten years, or at any time in
our history.
28
Form ADV Part 2B – Investment Advisor Brochure Supplement
Assabet Advisors, LLC
Form ADV Part 2B
Investment Advisor Brochure Supplement
1087 Main Street
Holden, MA 01520
(508) 351-9666
www.assabetadvisors.com
Wayne M. Ushman
November 2025
This Brochure Supplement provides information about the Firm’s (“we,” “us,” “our”) employees
that supplements our Brochure. You should have received a copy of that Brochure. Please
contact Robert E. Jacobsen, Director and Chief Compliance Officer, at (508) 351-9666 or
rjacobsen@assabetadvisors.com if you did not receive our Brochure or if you have any
questions about the contents of this Supplement.
Additional information about our employee(s) referenced above is also available on the SEC’s
website at www.adviserinfo.sec.gov. You may search this site using a unique identifying
number, known as a CRD number for each employee.
29
Item 2: Educational Background and Business Experience
We generally require that employees involved in making investment decisions and providing
investment advice have a college degree and/or significant experience in the investment
management or financial services industries.
Born 1952
Wayne M. Ushman
CRD #: 4686174
2003 to Present
Business Background:
Assabet Advisors, LLC
Owner and Managing Director
1991 to 2013
Worcester Partners, Ltd.
Managing Director
1976 to 1991
State Mutual Life Assurance Company of America
Vice President of Portfolio Management
Formal Education after High School:
Dartmouth College
Amos Tuck School of Business Administration
Master of Business Administration
Franklin & Marshall College
Bachelor of Arts, Economics
Professional Designations:
Chartered Financial Analyst® (CFA®)
Professional Certifications
Wayne M. Ushman maintains a professional designation, which requires the following
minimum requirements:
Chartered Financial Analyst® (CFA®)
Issued By
CFA Institute
Candidate must meet one of the following requirements prior to
enrollment:
• Hold a bachelor’s or equivalent degree from a
college/university;
Prerequisites
• Be within 11 months of the graduation month for a
bachelor’s degree or equivalent program by the date of
sitting for the Level I exam; or
30
• Have a combination of 4,000 hours of work experience
and/or higher education that was acquired over a
minimum of three sequential years by the date of
enrolling for the Level I exam;
• Have 4,000 hours of qualified work experience in the
investment decision-making process (accrued before, during,
or after participation in the CFA Program); and
• Submit two-to-three professional reference letters.
Candidate must complete the following:
• Self-study program (250 hours of study for each of the 3
Education
Requirements
levels)
Three in-person, proctored, closed-book, computer-based exams
None
Exam Type
Continuing Education
Requirements
Item 3: Disciplinary Information
Wayne M. Ushman has not been involved in any activities resulting in a disciplinary disclosure.
Item 4: Other Business Activities
Wayne M. Ushman is engaged in Real Estate activity. He does not receive commissions,
bonuses or other compensation on the sale of securities or other investment products, or have
involvement in any other business or occupation that provides substantial compensation or
involves a substantial amount of his time, other than what is associated with his Real Estate
activity.
This outside business activity does not create a material conflict of interest with clients.
Item 5: Additional Compensation
Wayne M. Ushman receives economic benefits from the Firm including regular draws and
discretionary year-end distributions.
Wayne M. Ushman serves on the Board of Directors of JFI Group, Inc. JFI Group, Inc. serves as
the manager of a number of companies that are involved in the foam and fiber products
businesses. One of these companies is Jeffco Foam, LLC which is a client of the Firm; however,
Wayne M. Ushman does not receive compensation for his position on the Board of Directors of
JFI Group, Inc. Also, we do not and would not give preferential treatment to Jeffco Foam, LLC
with any of the securities recommended and/or purchased.
31
Item 6: Supervision
All Investment Adviser Representatives provide advice to clients. Wayne is an Owner and
Managing Director, and Robert is an Owner, Director and Chief Compliance Officer. The
supervisory model is one of mutual supervision in which advice offered by one advisor to a
client, either orally or in writing, is typically reviewed by another advisor. All advisors review the
Firm’s compliance program together regularly. All advisors share responsibility for every client
relationship.
32
Form ADV Part 2B – Investment Advisor Brochure Supplement
Assabet Advisors, LLC
Form ADV Part 2B
Investment Advisor Brochure Supplement
1087 Main Street
Holden, MA 01520
(508) 351-9666
www.assabetadvisors.com
Robert E. Jacobsen
November 2025
This Brochure Supplement provides information about the Firm’s (“we,” “us,” “our”) employees
that supplements our Brochure. You should have received a copy of that Brochure. Please
contact Robert E. Jacobsen, Owner, Director, and Chief Compliance Officer, at (508) 351-9666
or rjacobsen@assabetadvisors.com if you did not receive our Brochure or if you have any
questions about the contents of this Supplement.
Additional information about our employee(s) referenced above is also available on the SEC’s
website at www.adviserinfo.sec.gov. You may search this site using a unique identifying
number, known as a CRD number for each employee.
33
Item 2: Educational Background and Business Experience
We generally require that employees involved in making investment decisions and providing
investment advice have a college degree and/or significant experience in the investment
management or financial services industries.
Born 1986
Robert E. Jacobsen
CRD #: 6413252
2014 to Present
Business Background:
Assabet Advisors, LLC
Owner, Director and Chief Compliance Officer
Formal Education after High School:
Worcester State College
Bachelor of Science, Business
Professional Designations:
CERTIFIED FINANCIAL PLANNER™ (CFP®)
Professional Certifications
Robert E. Jacobsen maintains a professional designation, which requires the following minimum
requirements:
CERTIFIED FINANCIAL PLANNER™ (CFP®)
Issued By
Certified Financial Planner Board of Standards, Inc.
Candidate must meet the following requirements:
• A bachelor’s degree (or higher) from an accredited college or
Prerequisites
university, and
• 3 years of full-time personal financial planning experience
Candidate must complete a CFP®-board registered program, or hold
one of the following:
Education
Requirements
CPA
ChFC®
Chartered Life Underwriter (CLU®)
CFA®
Ph.D. in business or economics
Doctor of Business Administration
Attorney's License
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
CFP® Certification Examination
30 hours every 2 years
Exam Type
Continuing Education
Requirements
34
Item 3: Disciplinary Information
Robert E. Jacobsen has not been involved in any activities resulting in a disciplinary disclosure.
Item 4: Other Business Activities
Robert E. Jacobsen is engaged in Real Estate activity. He does not receive commissions,
bonuses or other compensation on the sale of securities or other investment products, or have
involvement in any other business or occupation that provides substantial compensation or
involves a substantial amount of their time, other than what is associated with his Real Estate
activity.
This outside business activity does not create a material conflict of interest with clients.
Item 5: Additional Compensation
Robert E. Jacobsen receives economic benefits from the Firm including regular draws and
discretionary year-end distributions.
Item 6: Supervision
All Investment Adviser Representatives provide advice to clients. Wayne is an Owner and
Managing Director, and Robert is an Owner, Director, and Chief Compliance Officer. The
supervisory model is one of mutual supervision in which advice offered by one advisor to a
client, either orally or in writing, is reviewed by another advisor. All advisors review the Firm’s
compliance program together regularly. All advisors share responsibility for every client
relationship.
35
Form ADV Part 2B – Investment Advisor Brochure Supplement
Assabet Advisors, LLC
Form ADV Part 2B
Investment Advisor Brochure Supplement
1087 Main Street
Holden, MA 01520
(508) 351-9666
www.assabetadvisors.com
Thomas M. Jacobsen
November 2025
This Brochure Supplement provides information about the Firm’s (“we,” “us,” “our”) employees
that supplements our Brochure. You should have received a copy of that Brochure. Please
contact Robert E. Jacobsen, Owner, Director, and Chief Compliance Officer, at (508) 351-9666
or rjacobsen@assabetadvisors.com if you did not receive our Brochure or if you have any
questions about the contents of this Supplement.
Additional information about our employee(s) referenced above is also available on the SEC’s
website at www.adviserinfo.sec.gov. You may search this site using a unique identifying
number, known as a CRD number for each employee.
36
Item 2: Educational Background and Business Experience
We generally require that employees involved in making investment decisions and providing
investment advice have a college degree and/or significant experience in the investment
management or financial services industries.
Born 1994
Thomas M. Jacobsen
CRD #: 8161053
2025 to Present
Business Background:
Assabet Advisors, LLC
Associate
2022 to 2025
BNY Mellon
Lead Analyst, Mutual Fund Accounting
2016 to 2021
BNY Mellon
Mutual Fund Accountant
Formal Education after High School:
West Texas A&M University
Master of Finance and Economics
Worcester State University
Bachelor of Business Administration, Finance
Item 3: Disciplinary Information
Thomas M. Jacobsen has not been involved in any activities resulting in a disciplinary disclosure.
Item 4: Other Business Activities
Thomas M. Jacobsen is engaged in Real Estate activity. He does not receive commissions,
bonuses or other compensation on the sale of securities or other investment products, or have
involvement in any other business or occupation that provides substantial compensation or
involves a substantial amount of their time, other than what is associated with his Real Estate
activity.
This outside business activity does not create a material conflict of interest with clients.
Item 5: Additional Compensation
37
Thomas M. Jacobsen receives a salary and discretionary year-end distributions.
Item 6: Supervision
All Investment Adviser Representatives provide advice to clients. Wayne is an Owner and
Managing Director, and Robert is an Owner, Director, and Chief Compliance Officer. The
supervisory model is one of mutual supervision in which advice offered by one advisor to a
client, either orally or in writing, is typically reviewed by another advisor. All advisors review the
Firm’s compliance program together regularly. All advisors share responsibility for every client
relationship.
38