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Item 1 – Cover Page
Cambridge Advisors Inc.
17330 Wright Street, Suite 205
Omaha, NE 68130
402.697.1166
www.cambridgeadvisors.net
March 2025
This Brochure provides information about the qualifications and business practices of Cambridge
Advisors Inc. If you have any questions about the contents of this Brochure, please contact Lori
Liffring at 402.697.1166 or lliffring@cambridgeadvisors.net. The information in this brochure
has not been approved or verified by the United States Security and Exchange Commission or by
any state securities authority.
Cambridge Advisors Inc. is a registered investment adviser. Registration of an Investment
Adviser does not imply any level of skill or training. The oral and written communications of an
Adviser provide you with information to use in determining whether or not to hire an Adviser.
Additional information about Cambridge Advisors Inc. is available on the SEC’s website at
www.adviserinfo.sec.gov and reference CRD #104851.
Item 2 – Material Changes
The SEC Rules require that we provide you a summary of any material changes made to our
brochure and an explanation of these changes on an annual basis. We will also tell you the date
of our last annual update. You will receive these updates annually by April 30 of each year or
more often if necessary. As always, you will not be charged for the brochure.
Since filing our last annual amendment on February 23, 2024, Cambridge Advisors has made the
following material changes to this brochure:
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Item 4 - Cambridge Advisors also provides investment advice on private assets and
digital assets.
Item 12 – We added Cambridge Advisors’ block trading policy.
Item 14 – We added Ramsey Solutions’ SmartVestor program as a client referral source.
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You may request our brochure by calling Lori Liffring, our President and Chief Compliance
Officer, at 406.697.1166 or by emailing her at lliffring@cambridgeadvisors.net.
Additional information about Cambridge Advisors Inc. is also available on the SEC’s website
www.adviserinfo.sec.gov. The SEC’s website also provides information about any persons
affiliated with Cambridge Advisors Inc. who are registered as investment advisor representatives
of Cambridge Advisors Inc.
Cambridge Advisors Inc. Page 2 March 2025
Item 3 – Table of Contents
Item 1 – Cover Page…………………………………………………………….……...1
Item 2 – Material Changes……………………………………………………………..2
Item 3 – Table of Contents……………………………………………………………..3
Item 4 – Advisory Business…………………………………………………………….4
Item 5 – Fees and Compensation…………………………………………………..…...8
Item 6 – Performance-Based Fees and Side-By-Side Management…………………..11
Item 7 – Types of Clients……………………………………………………………...11
Item 8 – Methods of Analysis, Investment Strategies and Risk of Loss……………...12
Item 9 – Disciplinary Information…………………………………………………….16
Item 10 – Other Financial Industry Activities and Affiliations……………………….16
Item 11 – Code of Ethics……………………………………………………………...17
Item 12 – Brokerage Practices………………………………………………………...17
Item 13 – Review of Accounts………………………………………………………..19
Item 14 – Client Referrals and Other Compensation…………………………………20
Item 15 – Custody…………………………………………………………………….20
Item 16 – Investment Discretion……………………………………………………...21
Item 17 – Voting Client Securities……………………………………………………21
Item 18 – Financial Information…………………………………………….………...21
Cambridge Advisors Inc. Page 3 March 2025
Item 4 – Advisory Business
Gaylan Abood founded Cambridge Advisors Inc. in 1990 as an independent, fee-only
investment advisor. Cambridge Advisors Inc. has always been owned 100% by employees of
the firm. Gaylan has since retired and the current owners of the firm are Lori Liffring,
President and Chief Compliance Officer, who owns 50%; Michael Bridgman, Vice President,
who owns 25%; and Justin Anderson, Vice President, who owns 25%.
Cambridge Advisors Inc. provides investment management and financial planning services to
clients. Investment management includes giving continuous investment advice or making and
implementing investment decisions on a discretionary basis in client accounts. Having
discretion on the account means that we do not need to ask for specific client consent before
each buy or sell transaction. Our investment management services include financial planning
services that do not always result in a written financial plan. At the request of the client,
Cambridge Advisors will provide a written financial plan at no additional charge.
Our portfolios are custom-tailored to each client’s individual needs, risk tolerance levels, and
preferences and may include individual securities, mutual funds, and/or exchange traded funds.
Portfolio managers talk with clients to learn about their situation and discuss what types of
investments may be appropriate for them and guidelines for the management of the account.
Clients may request that certain securities or types of securities (such as securities issued by
tobacco or alcohol companies) not be held in their accounts.
Cambridge Advisors offers stand-alone financial planning services as a separate service for
those clients that do not need our investment management services or do not meet our
minimum account value of $500,000. Our financial plans include advice and recommendations
on the following topics: retirement planning, retirement income planning, legacy planning,
asset allocation, life insurance analysis, cash flow analysis, and/or special goal planning.
Cambridge Advisors Inc. also provides investment advisory services to retirement plans.
Our retirement plan services include:
A. Fiduciary Consulting Services
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Investment Policy Statement Preparation. The Advisor will help the Client develop an
investment policy statement. The investment policy statement establishes the investment
policies and objectives for the Plan. The Client shall have the ultimate responsibility and
authority to establish such policies and objectives and to adopt and amend the investment
policy statement.
Cambridge Advisors Inc. Page 4 March 2025
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• Non-Discretionary Investment Advice with Trading Authority. The Advisor will provide the
Client with non-discretionary investment advice regarding the purchase or sale of securities
of the Plan. The Advisor will not have investment discretion to make decisions to buy or sell
securities of the Plan. The Client will be solely responsible for determining whether or not to
buy or sell securities of the Plan. The Client grants the Advisor the power and authority to
carry out these decisions by the Client by giving instructions, on behalf of the Client, to
brokers and dealers and the qualified custodian(s) of the Plan for the Advisor’s management
of the designated retirement plan assets. The Client authorizes the Advisor to provide a copy
of this Agreement to the qualified custodian or any broker or dealer, through which
transactions will be implemented on behalf of the Client, as evidence of the Advisor’s
authority under this Agreement.
Investment Selection Services. The Advisor will provide the Client with non-discretionary
investment advice about asset classes and recommendations of investment options consistent
with ERISA section 404(c). The implementation of any Advisor’s advice will be solely the
responsibility of the Client.
Investment Due Diligence Review. The Advisor will provide the client with periodic due
diligence reviews of the Plan’s reports, investment options and recommendations.
Investment Monitoring. The Advisor will assist in monitoring investment options by
preparing periodic investment reports that document investment performance, consistency of
fund management and conformation to the guidelines set forth in the investment policy
statement and the Advisor will make recommendations to maintain or remove and replace
investment options.
• Default Investment Alternative Advice. The Advisor will provide non-discretionary
alternative(s) (“QDIA”), as defined in DOL Reg. Section 2550.404c-5(e)(4)(i), for
participants who are automatically enrolled in the Plan or who otherwise fail to make an
investment election. The Client retains the sole responsibility to provide all notices to
participants required under ERISA section 404(c)(5).
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• Model Portfolios. The Advisor will recommend to the Plan model portfolios that invest in
assets using the Plan’s Designated Investment Alternatives (“DIAs”), assist the Plan in
monitoring the model portfolios and as necessary and prudent make recommendations to the
Plan to change the allocations within the model portfolios using the existing DIAs. The
model portfolios will be limited to the DIAs and not consider other investments. Plan will be
responsible for determining whether or not to approve such recommended model portfolios
and updates/changes to the model portfolio. Once the Plan has approved the model portfolios
or subsequent changes to the model portfolio, the third-party service provider will be
responsible for making the portfolio models available to the Plan participants. Each Plan
participant will have the option to elect or not elect the model portfolios.
Individualized Participant Advice. Upon request from the Client, the Advisor will provide
one-on-one advice to Plan participants regarding their individual situations.
Cambridge Advisors Inc. Page 5 March 2025
B. Fiduciary Management Services
• Discretionary Management Services. The Advisor will provide the Client with continuous
and ongoing supervision over the designated retirement plan assets, as specified in Exhibit A.
The Advisor will actively monitor the designated retirement plan assets and provide advice to
the Client regarding buying, selling, reinvesting or holding securities, cash or other
investments of the Plan. The Client grants the Advisor discretionary authority to make all
decisions to buy, sell or hold securities, cash or other investments for the designated
retirement plan assets in the sole discretion of the Advisor without first consulting with the
Client. The Client also grants the Advisor the power and authority to carry out these
decisions by giving instructions, on behalf of the Client, to brokers and dealers and the
qualified custodian(s) of the Plan for the Advisor’s management of the designated retirement
plan assets. The Client authorizes the Advisor to provide a copy of this Agreement to the
qualified custodian or any broker or dealer, through which transactions will be implemented
on behalf of the Client, as evidence of the Advisor’s authority under this Agreement.
If the Client has elected to utilize the Advisor’s Discretionary Management Services, then the
Advisor will be acting as an Investment Manager to the Plan, as defined by ERISA section
3(38), with respect to the management of the available investment options, and the Advisor
hereby acknowledges that it is a fiduciary with respect to its selection of investment options
available to Plan participants.
C. Retirement Plan Rollover Recommendations
When Cambridge Advisors Inc. provides investment advice about your retirement plan
account or individual retirement account (“IRA”) including whether to maintain investments
and/or proceeds in the retirement plan account, roll over such investment/proceeds from the
retirement plan account to an IRA or make a distribution from the retirement plan account,
we acknowledge that Cambridge Advisors Inc. is a “fiduciary” within the meaning of Title I
of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act (“ERISA”) and/or the Internal Revenue
Code (“IRC”) as applicable, which are laws governing retirement accounts. The way
Cambridge Advisors Inc. makes money creates conflicts with your interests, so Cambridge
Advisors Inc. operates under a special rule that requires Cambridge Advisors Inc. to act in
your best interest and not put our interest ahead of you.
Under this special rule’s provisions, Cambridge Advisors Inc. must act as a fiduciary to a
retirement plan account or IRA under ERISA/IRC:
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Meet a professional standard of care when making investment
recommendations (e.g., give prudent advice);
Never put the financial interests of Cambridge Advisors Inc. ahead of you
when making recommendations (e.g., give loyal advice);
Avoid misleading statements about conflicts of interest, fees, and
investments;
Follow policies and procedures designed to ensure that Cambridge Advisors
Inc. gives advice that is in your best interest;
Charge no more than is reasonable for the services of Cambridge Advisors
Inc.; and
Give Client basic information about conflicts of interest.
Cambridge Advisors Inc. Page 6 March 2025
To the extent we recommend you roll over your account from a current retirement plan
account to an individual retirement account managed by Cambridge Advisors Inc., please
know that Cambridge Advisors Inc. and our investment adviser representatives have a
conflict of interest.
We can earn increased investment advisory fees by recommending that you roll over your
account at the retirement plan to an IRA managed by Cambridge Advisors Inc. We will earn
fewer investment advisory fees if you do not roll over the funds in the retirement plan to an
IRA managed by Cambridge Advisors Inc.
Thus, our investment adviser representatives have an economic incentive to recommend a
rollover of funds from a retirement plan to an IRA which is a conflict of interest because our
recommendation that you open an IRA account to be managed by our firm can be based on
our economic incentive and not based exclusively on whether or not moving the IRA to our
management program is in your overall best interest.
We have taken steps to manage this conflict of interest. We have adopted an impartial
conduct standard whereby our investment adviser representatives will (i) provide investment
advice to a retirement plan participant regarding a rollover of funds from the retirement plan
in accordance with the fiduciary status described below, (ii) not recommend investments
which result in Cambridge Advisors Inc. receiving unreasonable compensation related to the
rollover of funds from the retirement plan to an IRA, and (iii) fully disclose compensation
received by Cambridge Advisors Inc. and our supervised persons and any material conflicts
of interest related to recommending the rollover of funds from the retirement plan to an IRA
and refrain from making any materially misleading statements regarding such rollover.
When providing advice to your regarding a retirement plan account or IRA, our investment
advisor representatives will act with the care, skill, prudence, and diligence under the
circumstances then prevailing that a prudent person acting in a like capacity and familiar with
such matters would use in the conduct of an enterprise of a like character and with like aims,
based on the investment objectives, risk, tolerance, financial circumstances, and a client’s
needs, without regard to the financial or other interests of Cambridge Advisors Inc. or our
affiliated personnel.
D. Non-Fiduciary Services
• Participant Education. The Advisor will be available upon request to provide education
services to the Plan participants about general investment principles and the investment
alternatives available under the Plan. The Client understands that the Adviser’s assistance in
participant investment education will be consistent with and within the scope of DOL
Interpretive Bulletin 96-1. Educational presentations will not take into account the individual
circumstances of each participant and individual recommendations will not be provided
unless otherwise agreed upon. Plan participants are responsible for implementing
transactions in their own accounts.
• Participant Enrollment. The Advisor shall assist in the group enrollment meetings designed
to increase retirement plan participation among employees and investment and financial
understanding by the employees.
Cambridge Advisors Inc. Page 7 March 2025
As of February 12, 2025, Cambridge Advisors managed $594,719,602 assets on a discretionary
basis and $27,240,929 on a non-discretionary basis for a total of $621,960,531.
Administrative Services Provided by Orion Advisors Services, LLC
Cambridge Advisors has contracted with Orion Advisor Services, LLC (referred to as
“Orion”) to utilize its technology platforms to support data reconciliation, performance
reporting, fee calculation and billing, client database maintenance, quarterly performance
evaluations, and other functions related to the administrative tasks of managing client
accounts. Due to this arrangement, Orion will have access to client accounts, but Orion
will not serve as an investment adviser to Cambridge Advisor clients. Clients will not incur
additional fees with the firm’s use of Orion.
You may see slight differences in the quarter-end market value of your account from your
custodian’s statement as compared to the market value of your account from Orion, due to
differences in the treatment of accrued interest posting, trade date versus settlement date,
and other variables.
Limits Advice to Certain Types of Investments
Cambridge Advisors provides investment advice on the following types of investments:
• Mutual Funds
• Exchange Traded Funds (ETFs)
• Unit Investment Trusts (UITs)
• Exchange Traded Securities
• Fixed Income
• Structured Products
• Private Assets
• Digital Assets
Although we generally provide advice on the products previously listed, we reserve the right to
offer advice on any investment product that may be suitable for each client’s specific
circumstances, needs, goals and objectives.
It is not our typical investment strategy to attempt to time the market, but we may increase cash
holdings significantly as deemed appropriate based on your risk tolerance and our expectations
of market behavior and analysis of chart formations. We may modify my investment strategy to
accommodate special situations such as low basis stock, stock options, legacy holdings,
inheritances, closely held businesses, collectibles, or special tax situations.
(Please refer to Item 8 – Methods of Analysis, Investment Strategies and Risk of Loss for more
information.)
Item 5 – Fees and Compensation
The fee for the management of an account will be 0.25 of 1% per quarter of the market value.
Fees for an account over two million dollars in size may be negotiated to meet particular needs
Cambridge Advisors Inc. Page 8 March 2025
or services on an individual account basis. Fees for charitable accounts and for families with
multiple accounts also may be negotiable or discounted.
Fees for investment management are due in advance and are collected at the beginning of each
quarter. New accounts initiated during the quarter or with significant inflows will be charged a
prorated fee for the quarter. Fees are normally deducted from the client’s account unless other
arrangements are made. The client provides authorization for this on the account application.
This Agreement may be terminated at any time by either party. In the event of termination,
Advisor will refund a pro-rata portion of the prepaid management fees based on the number of
days remaining in the calendar quarter subject to a de minimus amount (less than $10). The
refund will be issued within 30 days of the end of the quarter.
Cambridge Advisors Inc.’s fees are exclusive of brokerage commissions, transaction fees, and
other related costs and expenses which shall be incurred by the client. Clients may incur
certain charges imposed by custodians, brokers, and other third parties such as fees charged by
managers, custodial fees, deferred sales charges, odd-lot differentials, transfer taxes, wire
transfer and electronic fund fees, and other fees and taxes on brokerage accounts and securities
transactions. Mutual funds and exchange traded funds also charge internal management fees,
which are disclosed in the fund’s prospectus. An annuity may also include an insurance fee.
Such charges, fees and commissions are in addition to Cambridge Advisors Inc.’s fees, and
Cambridge Advisors Inc. shall not receive any portion of these commissions, fees and costs.
The fee for the management of an account will include the safekeeping fee if Cambridge
Advisors Inc. selects the custodian. Item 12 further describes the factors that Cambridge
Advisors Inc. considers in selecting or recommending broker-dealers for client transactions and
determining the reasonableness of their compensation (or, commissions).
Fees for retirement plan services will be determined based upon the complexity of the plan, the size
of the plan assets, the actual services requested, the representative providing the services, the number
of plan participants and the potential for additional deposits. The advisor also takes into
consideration special situations or conflicts of interest where charging a fee to the client is prohibited
under ERISA laws.
The specific annual fee for retirement plan services will be disclosed in the Qualified Retirement
Plan Agreement and based on the total market value of the plan assets (excluding self-directed
brokerage accounts and securities of the sponsor of the Plan). Fees will be charged in one of two
options: 1) directly billed quarterly in advance or 2) fee deduction quarterly in arrears. Each
client’s fee billing option will be disclosed in the Qualified Retirement Plan Agreement. (See the
Qualified Retirement Plan Agreement for additional detailed information about retirement plan
services and fees.
Cambridge Advisors Inc. Page 9 March 2025
Direct Bill Quarterly in Advance
If retirement plan elects the Direct Bill Quarterly in Advance option, retirement plan will be
charged an annual fee divided by four into quarterly payments. Under this option, the
advisor’s Retirement Plan Services fees are billed in advance (at the start of the quarter) on a
calendar basis and calculated by multiplying one-fourth (1/4) of the annual fee for Retirement
Plan Services by the fair market value of the Plan’s assets (excluding securities of the
sponsor of the Plan) on the last day of the preceding quarter. Fees are prorated based on the
number of days service is provided. An advisor or a third-party service provider will send a
detailed billing invoice to retirement plan for each billing period. Fees for the advisor's
services will be due within thirty (30) days after the client's receipt of the billing invoice.
Fee Deduction Quarterly in Arrears
If retirement plan elects the Fee Deduction Quarterly in Arrears option, retirement plan will
be charged an annual fee divided into quarterly payments. Under this option, the advisor’s
Retirement Plan Services fees are billed in arrears (at the end of the billing period) on a
quarterly calendar basis and calculated by multiplying one-fourth (1/4) of the annual fee by
the value of the Plan’s assets (excluding self-directed brokerage accounts and securities of
the sponsor of the Plan) for the calendar quarter. The value of the Plan’s asset for the
calendar quarter will be determined by averaging the value of the Plan as of the last day of
the preceding calendar quarter and the last day of each month falling within the current
calendar quarter. Fees are prorated (based on the number of months that any service is
provided during the billing period) for an account opened at any time other than the
beginning of the calendar quarter or closed at any time other than the last day of the
calendar quarter. Retirement plan hereby authorizes the Plan custodian to deduct the
advisor’s Retirement Plan Services Fee and to direct such fee to the advisor. Fees for
billing periods will be prorated based on the number of days that services were provided
during the billing period. If necessary, retirement plan agrees to complete separate forms
for the Plan custodian or service provider regarding retirement plan’s authorization for the
deduction of the Retirement Plan Services fee. The Custodian will make available a
statement to retirement plan showing the amount of the fee (often referred to as “ERISA
Budget”) that will be deducted.
The advisor believes that its annual fee is reasonable in relation to: (1) services provided under this
Agreement; and (2) the fees charged by other investment advisors offering similar services/programs.
However, the advisor’s annual fee may be higher than that charged by other investment advisors
offering similar services and programs. In addition to the advisor's compensation, the Plan will also
incur charges imposed at the mutual fund level (e.g., advisory fees and other fund expenses) and
charges imposed by the Plan custodian and Third-Party Administrator (if applicable).
The Plan custodian or the Third-Party Administrator to the Plan will make available statements to the
Plan, at least quarterly, showing all disbursements from the Plan, including the amount of the
Retirement Plan Services fee paid and when such fee is deducted directly from the Plan.
If there are any brokerage commissions and/or transaction ticket fees, such commissions/fee will be
charged by the custodian to the Plan. The advisor will not receive any portion of such brokerage
commissions or transaction fees from the Custodian.
Cambridge Advisors Inc. Page 10 March 2025
In addition, the Plan may incur certain charges imposed by third parties other than the advisor in
connection with investments made through the Plan, including but not limited to, 12(b)-1 fees and
surrender charges, variable annuity fees and surrender charges, and qualified retirement plan fees.
Service fees charged by the advisor are separate and distinct from the fees and expenses charged by
investment company securities that may be recommended to retirement plan. A description of the
fees and expenses of the investment company securities are available in each investment company
security’s prospectus.
The advisor does not reasonably expect to receive any other compensation, direct or indirect, for its
Services under this Agreement. If the advisor receives any other compensation for such services,
the advisor will (i) offset that compensation against its stated fees, and (ii) will disclose the amount
of such compensation, the services rendered for such compensation and the payer of such
compensation to retirement plan.
Cambridge Advisors offers a stand-alone financial planning service for a flat fee to non-
investment management clients and clients who may not meet the investment management
minimum. The fee for preparing a comprehensive financial plan is $2,500.00. One-half of the
financial planning fee is due and collected as a retainer to begin financial planning and the
balance is collected when the plan is completed. One-half of the financial planning fee can be
applied toward investment management fees if they become an investment management client
within one year and meet the stated investment minimum. Clients who do not meet the
investment management minimum may also engage Cambridge Advisors to provide retirement
planning advice on assets not under management for a fee not to exceed 0.25% per quarter of
the balance in the retirement plan and other held away assets.
Cambridge Advisors Inc. may give investment advice through consultations not included in
investment supervisory services or on matters not involving securities. Clients may request the
firm to engage in special studies or projects that may not be covered by the above fee
schedules. In these cases the fee will depend on the complexity and scope of the study and
generally be based on the time and effort involved. If additional fees apply, Cambridge
Advisors Inc. will notify the client before the project commences.
Item 6 – Performance-Based Fees and Side-By-Side Management
Cambridge Advisors Inc. does not charge any performance-based fees (fees that are based on a
percentage of capital gains or capital appreciation of the assets of the client).
Item 7 – Types of Clients
Cambridge Advisors Inc. provides investment advisory services to individuals and their families,
retirement plans and not-for-profit organizations. Our stated investment minimum for new
clients is $500,000 but may be waived by the portfolio manager at their discretion with approval
by an Officer. This minimum is across the client relationship and not for each account. For
example, a husband may have a $200,000 brokerage account, an IRA of $500,000 and his wife
may have a small IRA of $20,000. The investment minimum would be met because the total
investable assets of $720,000 is above the $500,000 minimum. There is no investment minimum
for stand-alone financial planning services.
Cambridge Advisors Inc. Page 11 March 2025
Item 8 – Methods of Analysis, Investment Strategies and Risk of Loss
Asset Allocation Process - When structuring portfolios, we consider several factors. First, we
take into account the client’s objectives and investment policy. Our portfolios are customized to
each client’s specifications so that we respect risk tolerance levels and return expectations.
Second, we strive to build a diversified portfolio across asset classes (large cap and small cap)
and styles (growth and value), as well as industries and companies. We may also include
allocations to natural resources, commodities, or alternative investments. Third, based on current
market conditions and our future outlook, we emphasize areas where we see higher growth
potential. Within this framework we build a portfolio of individual securities, mutual funds,
and/or exchange traded funds that reflect each client’s specific constraints including liquidity
issues, investment horizon, government regulations, tax implications, preferences and unique
needs.
While we are not “market-timers” we do recognize that the risk/reward relationship of the
various asset classes will change over time. Asset allocations are adjusted to reflect our outlook
of future growth opportunities and risk levels as well as the client’s needs. Factors such as
equity valuations and interest rate levels may influence asset allocations. When equity
valuations and/or interest rates are at historically high levels it may encourage a shift in asset
allocation in favor of fixed income securities. When equity valuations and/or interest rates are at
historically low levels it may encourage a shift in favor of equity securities. Most changes in
asset allocation due to market factors are relatively gradual.
Individual Securities Investment Process – Cambridge Advisors gathers investment
information from a wide variety of sources for analysis. We make our own investment decisions
internally. We do not rely on a “buy list” from a parent company or Wall Street third party. As
part of the investment committee, the portfolio managers are actively involved in the investment
research functions of the firm.
Equities – For individual securities, we concentrate on highly marketable securities that trade on the
major stock exchanges. As a rule, Cambridge pursues a strategy of purchasing growth companies at
attractive valuations. Some refer to this a Growth at a Reasonable Price or GARP strategy. In
practice, we evaluate stocks according to long-term earnings, sales and dividend growth rates, and
management of the company. We also consider valuations relative to the market and historical trends.
We select securities that are attractively priced, given their future earnings outlook so that we are not
buying at an unreasonably high valuation.
When we buy an individual equity security, we seek a potential 15% compounded annual rate of
return or 50% appreciation within three years. If a stock pays an attractive dividend, we may
reduce our total return target. When a security reaches that target, we re-evaluate to determine
whether our required growth potential still exists. If so, we will project a new target price and
continue to hold the security. If not, we will sell at this time. If a security becomes
overweighted, we may sell back to a normal weighting. If a company's fundamentals change
substantially in the form of lost market share, diminished margins, or successive missed
estimates we may sell the security even if the original target price has not been met.
Cambridge Advisors Inc. Page 12 March 2025
Additionally, any price decline of 20% or more after a purchase triggers a security review to
justify continued holding.
Fixed Income - Our fixed income strategy revolves around building a portfolio of high-quality,
investment grade bonds with a ladder of maturities. We evaluate the current spread between
corporate bonds and Treasuries and compare it to historic spreads when selecting securities. For
Treasury Bonds and Government Agency investments, individual bonds are often preferred over
mutual funds because of their lower expenses and the ability to lock in the rate of return.
When purchasing fixed-income securities, we typically buy high-quality, investment grade
bonds. This practice reduces the credit risk. After purchase, we monitor the ratings on the bonds
held to insure they do not drop below investment grade. Our strategy is not to buy and sell bonds
based on trading speculation. Instead, we purchase a ladder of maturities and practice a buy and
hold until maturity strategy. This way, our return is locked in for the duration of the bond. We
may also purchase mutual funds for bonds if there is a higher need to reduce default risk such as
in corporate bonds and international bonds.
Mutual Funds and Exchange Traded Funds Investment Process – We utilize mutual funds and
exchange traded funds (ETFs) in client portfolios, too. We may be more prone to use these types of
securities in times when more diversification is needed, taxes are not a factor, the value of the account
is smaller or the client prefers mutual funds or ETFs. Often mutual funds and ETFs provide our
exposure to small and mid-cap stocks, international stocks and bonds, and high yield bonds. Our
search criteria may vary according to the client but normally include reasonable expense ratios, good
track records, and widely recognized fund companies. Other factors we may consider include trading
volume, historical returns, tax efficiency, portfolio composition and consistency. Because it is our
goal to minimize investment expenses for our clients, the mutual funds we use are no-load funds.
A mutual fund will be sold if it is consistently underperforming relative to its benchmarks or its peers.
Also, if it changes its composition and is no longer filling a need in the portfolio, it will be sold. We
also monitor mutual funds for regulatory issues, changes in operating expenses, changes in fund
management and other issues to determine if changes are warranted.
Unit Investment Trust (UIT) – An investment company that offers a fixed, unmanaged
portfolio, generally of stocks and bonds, as redeemable "units" to investors for a specific
period of time. It is designed to provide capital appreciation and/or dividend income. UITs
can be resold in the secondary market. A UIT may be either a regulated investment
corporation (RIC) or a grantor trust. The former is a corporation in which the investors are
joint owners; the latter grants investors proportional ownership in the UIT's underlying
securities.
Private Assets – Alternative investments, also referred to as private assets, are illiquid investments and
do not trade on a national securities exchange. Private assets typically include private investment
opportunities across private equity, real estate, credit, co-investments, and hedge fund strategies. The
majority of private asset offerings are available only to Qualified Purchasers. However, certain funds
may be available to investors who are Accredited Investors.
Cambridge Advisors Inc. Page 13 March 2025
Digital Assets – We may recommend investment in digital (crypto) currency products. These
products are typically structured as a trust or exchange traded fund which pool capital together to
purchase holdings of digital currencies or derivatives based on their value. Such products are
extremely volatile and are suitable as a means of diversification for investors. These securities
may use derivatives to achieve leverage or exposure in lieu of direct cryptocurrency holdings.
This can result in tracking error and may sell at a premium or discount to the market value of
their underlying holdings.
Risk of Loss
Past performance is not indicative of future results. Therefore, you should never assume that
future performance of any specific investment or investment strategy will be profitable.
Investing in securities (including stocks, mutual funds, bonds, structured products, private equity,
and digital assets, etc.) involves risk of loss. Further, depending on the different types of
investments there may be varying degrees of risk. You should be prepared to bear investment
loss including loss of original principal. Because of the inherent risk of loss associated with
investing, our firm is unable to represent, guarantee, or even imply that our services and methods
of analysis can or will predict future results, successfully identify market tops or bottoms, or
insulate you from losses due to market corrections or declines. There are certain additional risks
associated with investing in securities through our investment management program, as
described below:
● Market Risk – Either the stock market as a whole, or the value of an individual
company, goes down resulting in a decrease in the value of client investments.
This is also referred to as systemic risk.
● Equity (stock) market risk – Common stocks are susceptible to general stock
market fluctuations and to volatile increases and decreases in value as market
confidence in and perceptions of their issuers change. If you held common stock,
or common stock equivalents, of any given issuer, you would generally be
exposed to greater risk than if you held preferred stocks and debt obligations of
the issuer.
● Company Risk – When investing in stock positions, there is always a certain level
of company or industry specific risk that is inherent in each investment. This is
also referred to as unsystematic risk and can be reduced through appropriate
diversification. There is the risk that the company will perform poorly or have its
value reduced based on factors specific to the company or its industry. For
example, if a company’s employees go on strike or the company receives
unfavorable media attention for its actions, the value of the company may be
reduced.
● Fixed Income Risk – When investing in bonds, there is the risk that the issuer will
default on the bond and be unable to make payments. Further, individuals who
depend on set amounts of periodically paid income face the risk that inflation will
Cambridge Advisors Inc. Page 14 March 2025
erode their spending power. Fixed-income investors receive set, regular payments
that face the same inflation risk.
● Options Risk – Options on securities may be subject to greater fluctuations in
value than an investment in the underlying securities. Purchasing and writing put
and call options are highly specialized activities and entail greater than ordinary
investment risks.
● ETF and Mutual Fund Risk – When investing in an ETF or mutual fund, you will
bear additional expenses based on your pro rata share of the ETF’s or mutual
fund’s operating expenses, including the potential duplication of management
fees. The risk of owning an ETF or mutual fund generally reflects the risks of
owning the underlying securities the ETF or mutual fund holds. You will also
incur brokerage costs when purchasing ETFs.
● Management Risk – Your investment with our firm varies with the success and
failure of our investment strategies, research, analysis and determination of
portfolio securities. If our investment strategies do not produce the expected
returns, the value of the investment will decrease.
• Structured Notes Risk – A structured note is a debt security issued by financial
institutions. Its return is based on equity indexes, a single equity, a basket of equities,
interest rates, commodities, or foreign currencies. All structured notes have two
underlying pieces: a bond component and a derivative component. The bond portion of
the note takes up most of the investment and provides principal protection. The rest of
the investment not allocated to the bond is used to purchase a derivative product and
provides upside potential to investors. The derivative portion is used to provide exposure
to any asset class. The performance of a structured note is linked to the return on an
underlying asset, group of assets, or index. The return performance of a structured note
will track both the underlying debt obligation and the derivative embedded within it.
Structured notes are complicated financial products that suffer from market risk, low
liquidity, and default risk. Market risk is prevalent in all investments, and structured
notes have pitfalls. Some structured notes have principal protection. For the ones that
don't, it is possible to lose some or all of the principal. This risk arises when the
underlying derivative becomes volatile. That can happen with equity prices, interest
rates, commodity prices, and foreign exchange rates. Low liquidity is often a problem
for holders of structured notes. The flexibility of structured notes makes it difficult for
large markets to develop for particular notes. That makes it very hard to buy or sell a
structured note on a secondary market. Investors who are looking at a structured note
should expect to hold the instrument to its maturity date. Thus, great care must be taken
when investing in a structured note. Structured notes also suffer from higher default risk
than their underlying debt obligations and derivatives. If the issuer of the note defaults,
the entire value of the investment could be lost. Investors can reduce this default risk by
buying debt and derivatives directly. The tax consequences of structured notes may be
uncertain. Investors should consult their advisor regarding the federal income tax
Cambridge Advisors Inc. Page 15 March 2025
consequences of an investment in structured notes. Structured notes are not FDIC
insured, may lose principal value and are not bank guaranteed.
● Private Asset Risk – Private assets are subject to various risks, such as illiquidity
and property devaluation based on adverse economic and/or real estate market
conditions, and credit write-downs. Early-stage equity investments carry higher
risk than publicly traded equities and may not reach profitability. Alternative
investments are not suitable for all investors.
● Digital Asset Risk – Investments in Digital Assets involve higher risk.
Investments in Digital Assets can have higher volatility than other traditional
investments such as stocks and bonds. Investors should be prepared for volatile
market swings and could result in permanent loss. Regulatory changes around
digital assets could negatively impact the investor.
Item 9 – Disciplinary Information
Registered investment advisers are required to disclose all material facts regarding any legal or
disciplinary events that would be material to your evaluation of Cambridge Advisors Inc. or the
integrity of Cambridge Advisors Inc.’s management. Cambridge Advisors Inc. has no
information applicable to this Item.
Item 10 – Other Financial Industry Activities and Affiliations
Cambridge Advisors Inc. provides investment advice through our investment management and
financial planning services described in Item 4. We are not actively engaged in any other
business. Cambridge Advisors Inc. is not a securities broker-dealer, a futures commission
merchant, commodity pool operator nor a commodity trading advisor. In addition, we do not
have any arrangements that are material to our advisory business with any of the following
entities:
Investment company;
• Broker-dealer;
•
• Another investment advisor;
• Financial planning firm;
• Commodity pool operatory, commodity trading adviser or futures commission
merchant;
Insurance company or agency;
• Banking or thrift institution;
• Accounting firm;
• Law firm;
•
• Pension consultant;
• Real estate broker or dealer; nor
• An entity that creates or packages limited partnerships.
Cambridge Advisors Inc. Page 16 March 2025
In addition, Cambridge Advisors Inc. nor is employees are general partners in any partnership
which solicits our clients for investment.
Item 11 – Code of Ethics
Cambridge Advisors Inc. has adopted a Code of Ethics for all employees of the firm describing
its high standard of business conduct and fiduciary duty to its clients. The Code of Ethics
includes provisions relating to the confidentiality of client information, a prohibition on insider
trading, a prohibition of rumor mongering, a gift acceptance policy, and personal securities
trading procedures. All employees at Cambridge Advisors Inc. must acknowledge the term of
the Code of Ethics annually, or as amended.
Cambridge Advisors Inc. employees may buy or sell securities in their personal accounts that are
also purchased or sold in client accounts. Employees do not buy or sell securities or investment
products directly with clients in which they benefit from the transaction. Employee accounts
may trade in the same securities with client accounts on an aggregated basis if best execution
obligation is met. Clients and employees receive the same average price and commission and if
the entire order is not filled, shares will be allocated on a pro rata basis. Also, if any trades may
have a conflict of interest with a client, the portfolio manager should disclose the conflict to the
client. The Code of Ethics is designed to allow employees of Cambridge Advisors Inc. to invest
their own accounts and assure that personal securities transactions of the employees will not
interfere with making decisions in the best interest of advisory clients. If a conflict of interest
could occur, employees should pre-clear the trade with the Chief Compliance Officer. Employee
trading is continually monitored to reasonably prevent conflicts of interest between Cambridge
Advisors Inc. and our clients. If you would like to receive a copy of our Code of Ethics, please
contact Lori Liffring.
Item 12 – Brokerage Practices
Cambridge Advisors Inc. has custodial relationships with several firms. Most client accounts are
held with Charles Schwab Institutional although in some specific cases, the account must be held
at an alternative custodian. Our evaluation of a custodian is based on what would be best for our
clients and provide an efficient operation for our firm. Through Charles Schwab Institutional,
we receive best execution when placing trades in client accounts and their commissions are very
reasonable. Advisor placed equity trades have no transaction fee and mutual fund trades have a
maximum $45 transaction fee. The client assets are protected with SPIC insurance and
additional coverage. Charles Schwab Institutional provides our clients with adequate reporting
and Internet access to their accounts. Clients can also contact Schwab directly concerning their
accounts. For our firm, Charles Schwab Institutional provides leading technology so that data
can be easily downloaded into our portfolio management system, account tracking and
maintenance tools that increase efficiency, research from leading providers, online trading, and
practice management advice.
Special situations may mean an account cannot be held at Charles Schwab Institutional and is
therefore held at another Custodian such as a bank trust department or a trust company. In these
cases, the custodian decision is client driven. If the custodian does not act as broker-dealer,
Cambridge Advisors Inc. Page 17 March 2025
trades may be executed at another firm such as D.A. Davidson as our experience with best
execution and reasonable commissions has been positive with these firms. These and other
brokers may also be used when buying individual fixed income investments as they may have an
inventory of bonds that Charles Schwab Institutional does not have.
Clients may select another brokerage on their own if they desire. Cambridge Advisors Inc. may
not be able to achieve the most favorable execution of client transactions when using an
alternative arrangement and commissions may be higher.
Cambridge Advisors does not receive any financial compensation from placing trades with a
particular broker and we do not participate in soft dollar arrangements. We do not receive
referrals from custodians.
Block Trading Policy
Cambridge Advisors may elect to purchase or sell the same securities for several clients at
approximately the same time. This process is referred to as aggregating orders, batch trading or
block trading and is used by our firm when Cambridge Advisors believes such action may prove
advantageous to clients. If and when we aggregate client orders, allocating securities among
client accounts is done on a fair and equitable basis. Typically, the process of aggregating client
orders is done in order to achieve better execution, to negotiate more favorable commission rates
or to allocate orders among clients on a more equitable basis in order to avoid differences in
prices and transaction fees or other transaction costs that might be obtained when orders are
placed independently.
Cambridge Advisors uses the average price allocation method for transaction allocation.
Under this procedure, Cambridge Advisors will calculate the average price and transaction
charges for each transaction included in a block order and assign the average price and
transaction charge to each allocated transaction executed for the client’s account.
If and when we determine to aggregate client orders for the purchase or sale of securities,
including securities in which Cambridge Advisors or our associated persons may invest, we will
do so in accordance with the parameters set forth in the SEC No-Action Letter, SMC Capital,
Inc. Neither we nor our associated persons receive any additional compensation as a result of
block trades. If Cambridge Advisors includes proprietary accounts of the firm or personal
accounts of its supervised persons in an aggregated client order (i.e., block trade), Cambridge
Advisors will take the following actions:
1. Aggregate transactions only if Cambridge Advisors believes that aggregation is
consistent with its duty of best execution;
2. Allocate orders on a pro rata basis for partially filled orders;
3. Not favor any client over any other client, proprietary account of Cambridge
Advisors (and its affiliates) or personal account of a supervised person of
Cambridge Advisors, and each client/proprietary account/personal account
participating in the order will participate at an average share price of all
Cambridge Advisors Inc. Page 18 March 2025
Cambridge Advisors’ transactions in that security on the day of execution and
transaction costs will be shared on a pro rata base for each client’s participation in
the transaction;
4. Prepare a written statement prior to entering into an aggregated order that will
specify the participating clients/proprietary accounts/personal accounts and how
Cambridge Advisors intends to allocate the order among clients;
5. Deviate from the written allocation statement only on a fair basis with written
documentation approved by the firm’s chief compliance officer or designee no
later than one hour after the opening of the markets on the trading day following
the day the order executed;
6. Maintain accurate records relating to the aggregated trades, including, each client
account/proprietary account/personal account that is included in an aggregated
order, the securities held by and bought and sold for that client
account/proprietary account/personal account;
7. Not aggregate client/proprietary/personal assets collectively any longer than
necessary to settle the purchase or sale transaction;
8. Not receive any additional compensation or remuneration as a result of any
aggregated order; and
9. Render individual advice and treatment to each advisory client.
Item 13 – Review of Accounts
Client accounts are under continuous review of the assigned portfolio manager. The portfolio
manager reviews each account at least quarterly. During periodic client meetings, portfolio
managers review with clients their asset allocation and factors surrounding the management of
their assets. On a quarterly basis, the Chief Compliance Officer reviews trades in client accounts
for consistency with investment committee recommendations.
On a quarterly basis, investment management clients receive a report from Cambridge Advisors
Inc. which includes allocation, holdings, and performance information for assets under
management. Upon request, they may receive additional reports for planning purposes.
You are encouraged to always compare any reports or statements provided by Cambridge
Advisors or any third-party money manager or service provider against the account statements
delivered from the qualified custodian. When you have questions about your account statement,
you should contact our firm and the qualified custodian preparing the statement.
Cambridge Advisors Inc. Page 19 March 2025
Item 14 – Client Referrals and Other Compensation
Cambridge Advisors Inc. does not receive any economic benefit, sales awards or prizes for
providing investment advice or other advisory services to our clients. We do not have any
revenue sharing arrangements either. The only compensation we receive is the management fee
on the account or the financial planning fee paid by the client.
Paladin Research and Registry
Cambridge Advisors has entered into an agreement with Paladin Research and Registry, an
organization that matches prospects with financial advisors who are suited to meet the prospect’s
financial needs and goals.
Our payment to Paladin Research and Registry is not based on the number of leads generated and
not based on the number of new clients attained. We simply pay a set monthly account fee and
set advertisement fee for the service. The fee does not go up or down based on the number of
referrals.
Prospects referred to Cambridge Advisors are not required or obligated in any way to work with
us. The selection of an investment adviser is important and should not be based solely on
marketing or referrals. Prospects are free to work with any investment advisor or financial
professional of their own choosing.
Ramsey Solutions’ SmartVestor Program
Cambridge Advisors has entered into an agreement with SmartVestor, an organization that
matches prospects with financial advisors who are suited to meet the prospect’s financial needs
and goals.
Our payment to Ramsey Solutions is not based on the number of leads generated and not based
on the number of new clients attained. We simply pay a set monthly membership fee and set
monthly territory fee for the service. The fee does not go up or down based on the number of
referrals.
Prospects are given two or more investment advisers to review and choose from. Prospects
referred to Cambridge Advisors are not required or obligated in any way to work with us. The
selection of an investment adviser is important and should not be based solely on marketing or
referrals. Prospects are free to work with any investment advisor or financial professional of
their own choosing.
Item 15 – Custody
Clients should receive at least quarterly statements from Charles Schwab Institutional or an
alternative qualified custodian that holds and maintains the client’s investment assets.
Cambridge Advisors Inc. urges you to carefully review your statements and compare the
custodian’s records to the reports we provide to you. Our statements may vary from custodial
Cambridge Advisors Inc. Page 20 March 2025
statements based on accounting procedures, reporting dates, or valuations methodologies of
certain securities.
Item 16 – Investment Discretion
Cambridge Advisors Inc. usually receives discretionary authority from the client at the outset of
an advisory relationship to select the security and amount to be bought or sold. In all cases,
however, such discretion is to be exercised in a manner consistent with the stated investment
objectives and investment policy for the client’s account. By signing the forms to open an
account, you give Cambridge Advisors Inc. a limited power of attorney to place these trades in
your account. In addition, you may give Cambridge Advisors authority to request distributions
to you on your behalf to your address of record and you may grant authority to us to deduct our
fee directly from the account. Any investment guidelines and restrictions must be provided to
Cambridge Advisors Inc. in writing or can be indicated on an Investment Policy Statement.
Item 17 – Voting Client Securities
Cambridge Advisors Inc. will vote proxies for our clients, if desired. This election is made on
the account application. Clients cannot direct how we vote, and if the client feels strongly
about how a proxy should be voted, they should not elect to have Cambridge Advisors Inc.
vote their proxies.
Cambridge Advisors has retained Egan-Jones Ratings Co. (EJR) to assist with Proxy Voting.
EJR will vote proxies in accordance with their standard policy. Proxies not voted by EJR are
sent directly to Cambridge Advisors. When we receive a proxy, it is logged in as received and
assigned to a member of the investment committee for voting. We will follow the EJR
standard policy for voting. All proxies received for a company will be voted the same for all
accounts. Although accounts under our management may hold many shares of a security, the
total number of shares held is quite small compared to the number of voting shares and so our
votes are often insignificant.
Clients may obtain a copy of the EJR standard policy or records on how proxies were voted.
To request either of these, please contact Lori Liffring.
Item 18 – Financial Information
If Cambridge Advisors Inc.’s ability to meet contractual and fiduciary commitments to clients
was impaired by our financial condition, we would disclose that to you here along with
appropriate financial information. Our financial condition is not impaired and we have not
been involved in bankruptcy proceedings.
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