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Capitalia (Suisse)
Firm Brochure
ADV Part 2A
February 10, 2026
ITEM 1. COVER PAGE
This brochure (Form ADV Part 2A) provides information about the qualifications and business practices
of Capitalia (Suisse) (“Capitalia”). Capitalia is a registered investment advisor (“RIA”) with the United
States Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as
amended (the “Advisers Act”).
If you have any questions about the contents of this brochure, please contact us by telephone at +41 22
810 2614.
The information in this brochure has not been approved or verified by the SEC or by any state
securities authority. Additional information about Capitalia is available on the SEC’s website at
www.adviserinfo.sec.gov. There is no specific level of skill or training required to register as an RIA
with the SEC.
ITEM 2. MATERIAL CHANGES
The most recent brochure for Capitalia was issued in February 2026. Material content to this brochure
includes: (i) a detailed description of the investment risks associated with Capitalia’s services; and (ii) a
detailed description of Capitalia’s brokerage practices and service offerings.
Capitalia (Suisse)
Rue du Rhône 61
1204 Geneva
Switzerland
Phone: + 41 22 810 2614
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ITEM 3. TABLE OF CONTENTS
Item 1. Cover Page
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Item 2. Material Changes
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Item 3. Table of Contents
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Item 4. Advisory Business
Firm Description
Principal Owners
Services
Wrap Fee Programs
Assets under Management
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4
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Item 5. Fees and Compensation
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Item 6. Performance Based Fees and Side-by-Side Management
Performance Based Fee Scheme
Side-by-Side Management
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Item 7. Types of Clients
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Item 8. Methods of Analysis, Investment Strategy and Risk of Loss
Methods of Analysis & Investment Strategy
Types of Securities
Material Investment Risks
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Item 9. Disciplinary Information
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Item 10. Other Financial Industry Activities and Affiliations
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Item 11. Code of Ethics, Participation in Client Transactions and Personal Trading
Code of Ethics
Participation or Interest in Client Transactions
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Item 12. Brokerage Practices
Decision Making Process; Balancing the Interests of Multiple Client Accounts
Use of Soft Dollars
Trade Errors
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Item 13. Review of Accounts
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Item 14. Client Referrals and Other Compensation
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Item 15. Custody
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Item 16. Investment Discretion
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Item 17. Voting Client Securities
Proxy Voting
Class Actions
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Item 18. Financial Information
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ITEM 4. ADVISORY BUSINESS
Firm Description
Capitalia (Suisse) (“Capitalia”), a Swiss corporation based in Geneva, Switzerland, provides investment
advisory services to international clients, some of which with connections to the United States (“U.S.”).
Capitalia was formed in 2 0 1 8 .
Principal Owners
The principal owner of Capitalia is Stephane Bensahel.
Services
Capitalia provides investment supervisory services primarily for individuals, family offices, trusts,
foundations and companies. The services provided include the provision of discretionary portfolio
management and continuous advice concerning investment of assets consistent with the
circumstances, preferences and objectives of each client. Investment supervisory services are
provided based on the individual needs and investment objectives of each client as communicated to
Capitalia. Specifically, the structure for each client’s investment program is created in the context of
certain considerations such as expected returns, risk tolerance, future liquidity requirements and
potential tax and legal restrictions. We primarily manage discretionary client accounts (each an
“Account”) maintained at third-party financial institutions.
Capitalia advice is limited to the types of securities and transactions as set forth in Item 8.
Discretionary Management Service
Under a discretionary management mandate, Capitalia has the authority to supervise and direct the
investments of and for each client’s account generally in line with the investment profile agreed with
the client and without prior consultation with the client. Capitalia determines which securities are
bought and sold for the account and the total amount of the purchases and sales. Capitalia’s authority
may be subject to special conditions imposed by individual clients. For example, a client may restrict
or prohibit transactions in certain types of securities. Capitalia does not select the broker or dealer for
effectuating securities transactions and does not negotiate the commission rates paid to effectuate
transactions. Capitalia works with the broker determined by the custodian bank selected by the client,
which may or may not be a broker registered with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the
“SEC”). Please refer to the discussion of brokerage practices below.
Non-Discretionary Investment Advisory Service
Under a non-discretionary management mandate, Capitalia makes investment recommendations to a
client, and the client subsequently makes all investment decisions about the investments held in the
account. In order to implement the client’s decisions, the client may authorize Capitalia to place orders
for the execution of securities transactions for the client’s account. In such cases, Capitalia does not
select the broker or dealer used for effectuating such securities transactions and does not negotiate
the commission rates paid. Capitalia will place orders with the custodian bank or broker directed by
the client.
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Capitalia does not issue periodic publications, nor does Capitalia prepare for distribution special
reports or analysis relating to securities. Generally, Capitalia does not issue any charts, graphs,
formulas or other devices for use by clients in evaluating individual securities, nor does Capitalia
furnish advice to clients on any matters not involving securities other than on an incidental basis.
Related to its primary function as an asset manager, Capitalia offers clients certain broad guidance
commonly considered as financial planning.
Wrap Fee Programs
Capitalia does not participate in wrap fee programs.
Assets under Management
Capitalia did manage CHF 750’000’000 of assets under management as of December 31, 2025.
ITEM 5. FEES AND COMPENSATION
For its discretionary asset management service and nondiscretionary asset management service,
Capitalia charges a fee for its services based on a percentage of the market value of assets under
management. For its active trading based managed account strategy service, Capitalia charges a fee
with both a fixed and performance component as detailed below. Particularly in the context of clients
selecting the active trading based managed account strategy, the fees charged by Capitalia may be
higher than the fees normally charged by other investment advisors offering similar investment
management services.
Fees charged by Capitalia do not include custodian fees, fees for trade settlement, brokerage
commissions, or any other fee imposed by the custodian bank or the broker. The fees also do not
include management or other fees charged by funds or other products that client Accounts may be
invested in from time to time. Capitalia also advises clients on foreign currencies and the below fee
schedule applies and is negotiable to such advice. Compensation is not payable in advance.
Capitalia may waive, discount and/or negotiate fees at its discretion. Capitalia may also charge additional
fees for services outside the scope of the services described above. Any additional fees are disclosed to
the client.
Capitalia relies on custodian banks of its clients to value the assets in the respective client accounts,
and Capitalia computes its investment advisory fees based on these valuations provided by the
custodian. At the end of the quarter Capitalia arranges with the custodian for the direct payment of
its fee from the respective client accounts. The client’s statement from the custodian will reflect all
amounts disbursed from the account, including the amount of any advisory fee paid to Capitalia.
Capitalia does not manage or advise accounts based on commissions, subscriptions fees, or hourly rate
charges.
The fixed asset management fee for discretionary and nondiscretionary asset management services is
charged quarterly in arrears and is calculated on the basis of the value of the assets under
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management at the last business day of the respective calendar quarter. The fee schedule below for
discretionary asset management shows the applicable fee for each bracket of assets under
management.
To USD
3 Million
5 Million
10 Million
From USD
1 Million
3 Million
5 Million
Over 10 Million
Fee
0.50% p.a.
0.40% p.a.
0.30% p.a.
Negotiable
There is a minimum annual fee of USD 2,000.
Capitalia offers certain clients the option of paying a base fee and a performance fee in lieu of the
above fee schedule. Generally, this alternative compensation model corresponds to a management
approach that is more active and may be more tailored to the client, often for clients with specific
investment goals. This alternative compensation model is offered only in accordance with Rule 205-
3 under the Advisers Act, to clients who meet the following requirements: (i) clients with at least
$750,000 under management with Capitalia; (ii) clients with more than $1,500,000 of net worth; or
(iii) clients who are qualified purchasers under Section 2(a)(51) of the Investment Company Act of
1940, as amended (which generally is defined to include only individuals, companies or trusts with
more than $5,000,000 in investments). Under this alternative compensation model, a base fee of
0.10% per annum is charged in lieu of the normal fee schedule and in addition, Capitalia will receive
a performance fee of 10%. The performance fee is payable on net performance of the managed
account, which for these purposes is calculated by taking the gross performance (i.e., realized and
unrealized capital gains, dividends and interest) and subtracting from that amount the flat base fee.
The performance fee is not payable on recuperated losses in the value of the managed account on a
year-by-year basis (i.e., the fee is subject to a high-water mark). The flat base fee is charged quarterly
in arrears and is calculated on the basis of the value of the assets under management at the last
business day of the respective calendar quarter. The performance fee component is calculated and
charged if applicable annually after December 31 of each year. For accounts opened during a calendar
year, the flat base fee and the hurdle rate is adjusted on a pro rata basis.
In addition to the fees charged directly to each client’s Account, Capitalia may receive indirect
compensation from time-to-time in the form of placement fees, discounts, finder’s fees or
distribution fees from third parties based on the investments Capitalia makes or recommends. For
example, certain mutual or private funds may pay a fee to Capitalia for investing client portfolios in
such fund. The receipt and potential to receive such indirect compensation creates a material conflict
of interest for Capitalia and its clients. Capitalia can have an incentive to recommend investment
products based on the compensation Capitalia will receive. Capitalia does inform its clients of the
existence of indirect compensation. Capitalia seeks to minimize its conflicts of interest relating to
indirect compensation by closely monitoring the amount of indirect compensation it receives and
ensuring that such compensation has not materially impacted our investment decisions.
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ITEM 6. PERFORMANCE BASED FEES AND SIDE-BY-SIDE MANAGEMENT
Performance Based Fee Scheme
See the discussion under item 5 for a description of the performance fees charged by Capitalia.
Capitalia potentially can receive higher fees with a performance-based compensation structure than
from those accounts that pay the asset-based fee schedule described above. To minimize this conflict
of interest, Capitalia generally will enter into a performance fee arrangement upon the request of a
client or in the case of specific investment performance objectives.
Side-by-Side Management
Capitalia manages many client Accounts and as a result of differences in the fees charged on various
account, Capitalia has conflicts related to such side-by-side management of different accounts. For
example, Capitalia may manage more than one account according to the same or a substantially similar
investment strategy and yet have a different fee schedule applicable to such account as a result of the
respective client’s assets managed by Capitalia.
Side-by-side management of different types of accounts may raise conflicts of interest when two or
more accounts invest in the same securities or pursue a similar although not identical strategy. These
potential conflicts include the favorable or preferential treatment of an account or a group of
accounts, conflicts related to the allocation of investment opportunities, and transactions in one
account that closely follow related transactions in a different account. In addition, the results of the
investment activities for one account may differ significantly from the results achieved for other
accounts, particularly if Capitalia individually tailors clients’ Accounts.
Capitalia has policies and procedures in place aimed to ensure that all client Accounts are treated
fairly and equitably. Capitalia strives to equitably allocate investment opportunities among relevant
Accounts over time. In addition, investment decisions for each Account are made with specific
reference to the individual needs and objectives of the Account. Accordingly, Capitalia may give
advice or exercise investment responsibility or take other actions for some clients (including related
persons) that may differ from the advice given, or the timing and nature of actions taken, for other
clients. Investment results for different Accounts, including Accounts that are generally managed in a
similar style, also may differ as a result of these considerations. Some clients may not participate at all
in some investments in which other clients participate, or may participate to a different degree or at a
different time.
ITEM 7. TYPES OF CLIENTS
Capitalia offers investment management services to individuals, family offices, trusts, estates, corporations
and other business entities or foundations.
Generally, Capitalia prefers its client relationships to have a minimum of $1 million of assets under
management. Capitalia may accept accounts below the minimum requirements, or may retain
accounts that have dropped below the minimum requirement due to market fluctuation or investment
performance. Accounts that have family, corporate or other relationships may be aggregated for
purposes of the minimum account size.
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ITEM 8. METHODS OF ANALYSIS, INVESTMENT STRATEGY AND RISK OF LOSS
Methods of Analysis & Investment Strategy
Capitalia uses a combination of a top-down, bottom-up approach to its investment approach. First,
Capitalia generates portfolio allocations based on the Client’s investment profile supplemented by
Capitalia’s macro-economic views. Macro-economic trends along with cyclical and trending analysis
of sectors, markets, industries, and asset classes then inform the portfolio selection. In selecting
specific securities, Capitalia then employs a bottom-up approach evaluating the fundamentals of the
specific investment, comparisons to benchmarks and to similar securities, and timing. Thus, in sum,
Capitalia takes both long and short positions in securities based on their fundamentals, market
conditions, cyclical indications, and timing all within the broader macroeconomic context of the
particular industry, sector, market, credit and interest rate environment. Capitalia views itself as a value
investor when selecting individual securities. However, what makes Capitalia’s approach unique is the
global investment approach and the active currency overlay. Currency overlay refers to the
management of currency exposure of the underlying investments. This risk is managed separately
from the underlying assets. We actively manage this risk, which enables the investor to reduce risk
and add return to an international portfolio (alpha).
Types of Securities
Capitalia offers investment management and advisory services on the following types of securities
and transactions: exchange-listed securities, securities traded over-the-counter, foreign issuers,
options (including covered and uncovered positions), corporate debt securities (and other commercial
paper), certificates of deposit, investment company securities such as mutual funds, exchange traded
funds, foreign exchange transactions, and futures contracts on intangibles.
Capitalia will also invest in hedge funds or other private funds on a limited basis. Investments in
private funds are available to “accredited investors” or “qualified purchasers,” and they typically
require investors to lock-up their assets for a period of time. These investments may have limited or
no liquidity and they may involve different risks than investing in registered funds and other publicly
offered and traded securities. Capitalia relies on the valuation and performance data provided directly
from the private funds. Private funds may often be delayed in providing Capitalia with the valuation
information; therefore, Capitalia may likewise be delayed in reporting this information to the client.
Some of these securities, particularly those issued outside of the US, may not be registered with the
SEC. Capitalia is able to invest clients on a discretionary basis in securities offered outside the US in
reliance on Regulation S under the Securities Act of 1933.
Capitalia will rely on the accuracy of a client’s representations in making corresponding
representations regarding the investment restrictions on behalf of the client’s account in connection
with certain derivative and other transactions. Capitalia also requires notification by the client if the
client’s representations become inaccurate.
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In certain cases, Capitalia may provide asset allocation recommendations that may include real estate
holdings. These holdings are acquired through real estate investment trusts (REITs). Capitalia does
not invest in real properties.
Material Investment Risks
Clients should bear in mind that investing in securities involves a risk of loss. Clients should be
prepared to bear the risk of losing their investment in securities. Past performance is not an indication
as to future results.
Among other risks, all investments made by Capitalia will be subject to market risk, liquidity risk, and
interest rate risk, and may be subject to credit and counterparty risk, risk in fluctuations of commodity
pricing, risk of loss due to political and economic developments in foreign markets, and risks involving
movements in the currency markets.
Market Risk. Market risk refers to the risk of loss arising from general economic and market
conditions, such as interest rates, availability of credit, inflation rates, commodity prices, economic
uncertainty, changes in laws and national and international political circumstances. Each Account is
subject to market risk, which will affect volatility of securities prices and liquidity. Such volatility or
illiquidity could impair profitability or result in losses.
Risk Related to Equity Investments. Investments in equity securities generally involve a high degree of risk.
Prices are volatile and market movements are difficult to predict. These price movements may result
from factors affecting individual companies or industries. Price changes may be temporary or last for
extended periods. The value of specific equity investments generally correlates to the fundamentals of
each particular security, but prices of equity investments may raise or fall regardless of fundamentals
due to movements in securities markets.
Risks Related to Fixed Income Investments. Investments in fixed income securities (i.e., bills, notes, bonds,
preferred, convertibles, ETFs and funds) involve a number of risks such as credit, interest rate,
reinvestment, and prepayment risk, all of which affect the value of the security and volatility of such
value. In general, fixed income securities with longer maturities are more volatile. Additionally, the
prices of below investment grade (lower credit quality) securities fluctuate more than investment
grade issues. Prices are sensitive to developments affecting the company’s business and to changes in
the ratings assigned by rating agencies. Prices are often closely linked with the company’s stock prices.
High yield securities can experience sudden and sharp price swings due to changes in economic
conditions, stock market activity, large sales by major investors, default, or other factors.
Developments in the credit market may have a substantial impact on the companies we may invest in
and will affect the success of such investments. In the event of a default, the investment may suffer a
partial or total loss.
Risks Related to Investments in Funds. For purposes of this discussion, the term “Fund” includes, but is
not limited to, a U.S. or non-U.S. unit investment trusts, open-end and closed-end mutual funds,
hedge funds, private equity funds, venture capital funds, real estate investment trusts, exchange traded
funds (“ETFs”) and any other private alternative or investment fund. Investments in Funds carry
risks associated with the particular Fund. Each Fund and the respective manager will charge their
own management and other fees, which will result in a client bearing an additional level of fees
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and expenses. U.S. mutual funds generally must distribute all gains to investors, including investors
who may not have an economic gain from investing in the fund, which can lead to negative tax effects
on investors, particularly non-U.S. persons. Investments in certain non-U.S. funds by U.S. persons
result in U.S. tax and reporting obligations and failing to comply with such requirements can result in
significant penalties. Funds generally have unique risks of loss as described in their offering
documents. Funds can make use of leverage to enhance returns, which raise the risk of default,
interest rate risk, and increase volatility. Certain Funds invest in derivatives, which can raise specific
counter-party risks. Funds that are not traded can have illiquidity and valuation risks resulting in the
inability to redeem or sell the Fund on demand. See the discussion below relating to risks in structured
products and derivatives for more information on the risks of investing in Funds.
Risks related to Structured Products & Derivatives. Capitalia may invest in structured products or derivatives
or invest in Funds that hold investments in structured products or derivatives. In addition to the risks
that apply to all investments in securities, investing and engaging in derivative instruments and
transactions may involve different types of risk and possibly greater levels of risk. These risks include,
but are not limited to the following:
a. Leverage. Certain investment instruments such as derivatives may use leverage to achieve
returns. The use of leverage may have the effect of disproportionately increasing an
account’s exposure to the market for the securities or other assets underlying the derivative
position and the sensitivity of an account’s portfolio to changes in market prices for those
assets. Leverage will tend to magnify both the positive impact of successful investment
decisions and the negative impact of unsuccessful investment decisions by Capitalia on an
account’s performance.
b. Counterparty Credit Risk. When a derivative is purchased, a client’s Account will be subject to
the ability and willingness of the other party to the contract (a “counterparty”) to perform its
obligations under the contract. Although exchange-traded futures and options contracts are
generally backed by a guarantee from a clearing corporation, an Account could lose the
benefit of a contract in the unlikely event that the clearing corporation becomes insolvent.
Counterparty’s obligations under a forward contract, over-the-counter option, swap or other
over-the-counter derivative contract are not so guaranteed. If the counterparty to an over-
the-counter contract fails to perform its obligations, an account may lose the benefit of the
contract and may have difficulty reclaiming any collateral that an account may have deposited
with the counterparty.
c. Lack of Correlation. The market value of a derivative position may correlate imperfectly with
the market price of the asset underlying the derivative position. To the extent that a derivative
position is being used to hedge against changes in the value of assets in an account, a lack of
price correlation between the derivative position and the hedged asset may result in an
account’s assets being incompletely hedged or not completely offsetting price changes in the
derivative position.
d. Illiquidity. Over-the-counter derivative contracts are usually subject to restrictions on transfer,
and there is generally no liquid market for these contracts. Although it is often possible to
negotiate the termination of an over-the-counter contract or enter into an offsetting contract, a
counterparty may be unable or unwilling to terminate a contract with an account, especially
during times of market instability or disruption. The markets for many exchange traded
futures, options and other instruments are quite liquid during normal market conditions, but
this liquidity may disappear during times of market instability or disruption.
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e. Less Accurate Valuation. The absence of a liquid market for over-the-counter derivatives
increases the likelihood that Capitalia will not be able to correctly value these interests.
Risks Related to Futures. Futures markets are highly volatile and are influenced by factors such as
changing supply and demand relationships, governmental programs and policies, national and
international political and economic events and changes in interest rates. Because of the low margin
deposits normally required in futures trading, a high degree of leverage is typical of a futures trading
account, and a relatively small price movement in a futures contract may result in substantial losses
to the trader. Futures positions are marked to the market each day and variation margin payments
must be paid to or by Capitalia. Futures trading may also be illiquid, and certain exchanges do not
permit trading in particular contracts at prices that represent a fluctuation in price during a single
day’s trading beyond certain set limits. Should prices fluctuate during a single day’s trading beyond
those limits, which conditions might last for several days with respect to certain contracts, Capitalia
could be prevented from promptly liquidating unfavorable positions and thus be subjected to
substantial losses.
Risks Relating to Foreign Currency Exposure. Accounts managed by Capitalia are routinely subject to
foreign currency risks and bear a potential risk of loss arising from fluctuations in value between the
U.S. Dollar and such other currencies. Capitalia invests in securities and other investments that are
denominated in currencies other than U.S. Dollars. Some client’s Accounts may hold significant non-
dollar cash positions. Accordingly, the value of such assets may be affected favorably or unfavorably
by fluctuations in currency rates. Often clients are seeking this foreign currency exposure. Thus,
Capitalia generally does not seek to hedge the foreign currency exposure. Even to the extent that
Capitalia does seek to hedge the foreign currency exposure, such hedging strategies may not
necessarily be available or effective.
Non-U.S. Investments. Investments in non-U.S. securities expose a client’s portfolio to a number of risks
not always evident in U.S. markets. Such risks include, among other things, trade balances and
imbalances, economic policies of various foreign governments, exchange control regulations,
withholding taxes, potential for nationalization of assets or industries, and political instability.
ITEM 9. DISCIPLINARY INFORMATION
Capitalia has not been involved in any legal or disciplinary events.
ITEM 10. OTHER FINANCIAL INDUSTRY ACTIVITIES AND AFFILIATIONS
Capitalia and its management personnel are neither registered nor have an application pending to
register as, broker-dealers, registered representatives of a broker-dealer, future commissions
merchants, commodity pool operators, commodity trading advisors, or associated persons of the
foregoing entities.
Capitalia is regulated by the Swiss Financial Market Supervisory Authority (FINMA).
Capitalia does not recommend or select other investment advisers for its clients.
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ITEM 11. CODE OF ETHICS, PARTICIPATION IN CLIENT TRANSACTIONS AND PERSONAL
TRADING
Capitalia seeks to minimize conflicts of interest and resolve those conflicts of interests in favor of its
clients to the extent it determines reasonable and necessary in accordance with its Code of Ethics.
Capitalia recognizes that indirect compensation it receives presents a conflict of interest as described
elsewhere in this brochure.
Code of Ethics
Capitalia treats all clients equitably and has a duty to act in its clients’ best interests. Except as
otherwise described in this brochure, the interests of clients will be placed above Capitalia’s interests
in case of any conflict. Capitalia has adopted a Code of Ethics (the “Code”) and attendant policies
and procedures governing personal securities transactions by Capitalia and its personnel. The Code
also provides guidance and instruction to Capitalia and its personnel on their ethical obligations in
fulfilling its duties of loyalty, fairness and good faith towards the clients.
The overriding principle of Capitalia Code of Ethics is that all employees of Capitalia owe a fiduciary
duty to clients for whom Capitalia acts as investment adviser or sub-adviser. Accordingly, employees
of Capitalia are responsible for conducting personal trading activities in a manner that does not
interfere with a client’s portfolio transactions or take improper advantage of a relationship with any
client.
The Code contains provisions designed to try to: (i) prevent, among other things, improper trading by
Capitalia’s employees; (ii) identify conflicts of interest; and (iii) provide a means to resolve any actual or
potential conflicts of interest in favor of the clients. The Code attempts to accomplish these objectives by,
among other things: (i) requiring pre-clearance of specific trades, which includes documenting any
exceptions to such pre-clearance requirement; (ii) restricting trading in certain securities that may cause a
conflict of interest, as well as (iii) periodic reporting regarding transactions and holdings of employees.
The Code contains sections including, but not limited to, the following key areas: (i) restrictions on
personal investing activities; (ii) gifts and business entertainment; and (iii) outside business activities.
The Code also provides for Capitalia’s execution of supervisory policies and procedures, and the review
and enforcement processes of such policies and procedures. Capitalia has designated a Chief
Compliance Officer responsible for maintaining, reviewing and enforcing Swiss Capitalia’s Code of
Ethics and corresponding policies and procedures.
The fundamental position of Capitalia is that, in effecting personal securities transactions, personnel
of Capitalia must place at all times the interests of clients ahead of their own pecuniary interests. All
personal securities transactions by these persons must be conducted in accordance with the Code of
Ethics and in a manner to avoid any actual or potential conflict of interest or any abuse of any person’s
position of trust and responsibility. Further, these persons should not take inappropriate advantage
of their positions with or on behalf of a client.
If a person subject to the Code of Ethics fails to comply with the Code, such person may be subject to
sanctions, which may include warnings, disgorgement of profits, restrictions on future personal
trading, and, in the most severe cases, the possibility of dismissal.
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Participation or Interest in Client Transactions
Although Capitalia does not hold proprietary positions, Capitalia’s related persons may own, buy, or
sell for themselves the same securities that they or Capitalia have recommended to clients. Thus, from
time to time, a client Account may purchase or hold a security in which a related person of Capitalia
has financial interest or an ownership position, or a related person may purchase a security that is held
in a client Account.
Also, from time to time, Capitalia employees or related persons may invest alongside the firm’s clients,
both to align the interest of firm and personnel and firm clients and as an expression of confidence in
our portfolio management efforts. In order to ensure that Capitalia personnel never trades ahead of
their clients, the firm requires all trading in specific positions for officer and employee accounts to
come after the analogous trades are executed for client accounts. Firm personnel communicate freely
and frequently among themselves in order to ensure the application of these fundamental restrictions.
ITEM 12. BROKERAGE PRACTICES
Capitalia does not have custody or possession of client assets. Each of Capitalia’s clients maintains
custody of his or her assets at one or more custodians (usually Swiss based banks) generally selected
from a list of preferred custodians maintained by Capitalia. Capitalia reviews the list of preferred
custodians on an annual basis and as part of that review, considers a custodian bank’s pricing,
brokerage practices and execution guarantees. Swiss based preferred custodians generally must agree
to obtain best execution in accordance with the custodian’s duties under Swiss banking law, however,
best execution for these purposes can differ from the SEC’s definition of best execution. Other factors
that Capitalia uses to evaluate preferred custodians include the following: more convenient access to
a trading desk; the ability to have investment advisory fees deducted directly from client accounts;
access to an electronic communications network for client order entry and account information; and
favorable fee schedules. No single criteria will validate nor invalidate a custodian from being a
preferred custodian or service provider used, but rather, all criteria taken together will be used in
evaluating the preferred custodians.
Each custodian maintains relationships with designated broker-dealers (including, sometimes and for
certain securities, an affiliate of the custodian). Capitalia effectuates security transactions through the
custodian or the broker or dealer designated by the custodian bank. Capitalia does not guarantee best
execution or the best commissions because Capitalia does not control these factors. Therefore, clients
should be aware of the following:
- Capitalia does not negotiate commission rates with broker-dealers with whom orders are placed
either directly or via the custodian as the broker-dealer is dictated by the custodian. The
applicable commissions are agreed upon between the client and the custodian when the client
accepts the applicable commission schedule published by the custodian.
- Commission charges will vary among clients and best execution may not be guaranteed by
Capitalia.
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Because the client selects the custodian (generally from a list of preferred custodians) and thereby the
broker-dealer to be used for securities transactions involving its account, different clients may have
accounts at the same custodian bank or a single client may have multiple accounts at different
custodian banks. Therefore, a client may pay an executing broker a higher commission for a securities
transaction than might be charged by another broker-dealer executing the same transaction or than
the commission charged by the broker-dealer executing a similar transaction for another client of
Capitalia. Commission charges may also vary between clients. It also is possible that the broker-dealer
used for transactions may not be a registered broker-dealer under the
U.S. Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”).
Block Trades
Capitalia generally will combine orders into block trades when purchasing the same security for
multiple client Accounts. Such aggregated orders (“block trades”) will be pre-allocated among the
participating client Accounts. Participating Accounts in a block trade placed with the same broker or
the same custodian bank generally will receive an average price and pay a pro rata share of any
transaction costs. Partial fills of transactions generally will be allocated on a pro rata basis.
Because Capitalia’a clients maintain Accounts at different custodian banks and because many of these
custodian banks mandate the use of a specific broker (see description above), often Capitalia places
more than one block trade for the same security with more than one broker. Capitalia transmits such
block trades to more than one broker in a random pattern (i.e., Capitalia does not favor one custodian
bank or broker over another with respect to the order in which block trade orders are sent). The average
price realized on a securities order placed with different brokers will vary broker to broker, and clients
generally will receive different average prices and transaction costs for the same security order depending
upon the custodian bank and the respective broker used in the block trade. Also note, since some Swiss
custodian banks warehouse securities orders until filled, there may be delays in settlement between client
Accounts depending on the practice of the respective custodian bank and/or broker.
Decision Making Process; Balancing the Interests of Multiple Client Accounts
In making the decision as to which securities are to be purchased or sold and the amounts thereof,
Capitalia is guided by the general guidelines set up at the inception of the adviser-client relationship
in cooperation with the client and a periodic review of the asset allocation. These general guidelines
cover such matters as the relative proportion of debt and equity securities to be held in the portfolio,
the degree of risk that the client wishes to assume and the types and amounts of securities to be held
in the portfolio. Capitalia’s authority may be further limited by specific instructions from the client,
which may restrict or prohibit transactions in certain securities.
Capitalia may manage numerous accounts with similar or identical investment objectives or may
manage accounts with different objectives that may trade in the same securities. Despite such
similarities, portfolio decisions relating to client investments and the performance resulting from such
decisions may differ from client to client. Capitalia will not necessarily purchase or sell the same
securities at the same time or in the same proportionate amounts for all eligible clients, particularly if
different clients have selected different investment profiles, have materially different amounts of
capital under management with Capitalia or different amounts of investable cash available. In certain
instances, such as purchases of less liquid publicly traded securities or oversubscribed public offerings,
it may not be possible or feasible to allocate a transaction pro rata to all eligible clients, especially if
clients have materially different sized portfolios. Therefore, not all clients will necessarily participate
in the same investment opportunities or participate on the same basis.
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Use of Soft Dollars
Capitalia may maintain soft dollar arrangements, and to the extent it does it will only do so in
accordance with the conditions of the safe harbor provided by Section 28(e) of the Exchange Act.
Section 28(e) is a “safe harbor” that permits an investment manager to use brokerage commissions or
“soft dollars” to obtain research and brokerage services that provide lawful and appropriate assistance
in the investment decision-making process.
Research services within Section 28(e) may include, but are not limited to, research reports (including
market research); certain financial newsletters and trade journals; software providing analysis of
securities portfolios; corporate governance research and rating services; attendance at certain
seminars and conferences; discussions with research analysts; meetings with corporate executives;
consultants’ advice on portfolio strategy; data services (including services providing market data,
company financial data, certain valuation and pricing data and economic data); and advice from
brokers on order execution.
Brokerage services within Section 28(e) may include, but are not limited to, services related to the
execution, clearing and settlement of securities transactions and functions incidental thereto (i.e.,
connectivity services between an investment adviser and a broker-dealer and other relevant parties
such as custodians); trading software operated by a broker-dealer to route orders; software that
provides trade analytics and trading strategies; software used to transmit orders; clearance and
settlement in connection with a trade; electronic communication of allocation instructions; routing
settlement instructions; post trade matching of trade information; and services required by the SEC
or a self-regulatory organization such as comparison services, electronic confirms or trade
affirmations..
Trade Errors
Although Capitalia’s goal is to execute trades seamlessly in the manner intended by the client and
consistent with its investment decisions, Capitalia recognizes that errors can occur for a variety of reasons.
Capitalia’s policy in dealing with such errors is to:
-
Identify any errors in a timely manner.
- Correct all errors so that any affected account is placed in the same position it would have been
-
in had the error not occurred.
Incur all costs associated with correcting an error (or to pass the costs on to the broker,
depending on which party is at fault). Costs from corrective actions are not to be passed on to
a client.
- Evaluate how the error occurred and assess if any changes in any processes are warranted or if
any continuing education is required.
The consequences and the required corrective measures may be different depending upon the nature of
the error or the account affected.
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ITEM 13. REVIEW OF ACCOUNTS
All managed accounts are reviewed at least quarterly in an effort to ensure that they remain aligned
with the client’s investment plan and are positioned appropriately given current market conditions as
part of Capitalia’s general investment process.
ITEM 14. CLIENT REFERRALS AND OTHER COMPENSATION
From time to time, Capitalia may pay a referral fee to individuals or entities for services provided in
identifying and introducing prospective advisory clients. Any such arrangements will comply with the
conditions and requirements of Rule 206(4)-3 under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940.
Capitalia may receive remuneration from third parties in connection with its investment advisory
services. Such remuneration can include referral fees, marketing fees, discounts, finder’s fees, service
fees, including shareholder service fees, 12b-1 fees or bonus commissions paid by mutual funds,
privately offered funds, insurance products, variable annuities or other investment products paid to
Capitalia for recommending an investment, for investing client funds in such product or for marketing
assistance or the performance of certain administrative tasks associated with making an investment.
Such remuneration received by Capitalia from third parties belongs exclusively to Capitalia and does
not reduce the fee payable by the client to Capitalia. Such fees can present a conflict of interest for
Capitalia as Capitalia may receive compensation for making an investment advisory recommendation
or investment allocation. Certain custodian banks may pay Capitalia a fee in connection with a client’s
account maintained at the custodian bank. Under customary Swiss banking practice, such fee is based
on the size of the client account and based on the transactions that have occurred within the account
during the past quarter. Due to the fact that increased trading within a client account will increase the
fee paid by the custodian bank to Capitalia, the receipt of such compensation presents a conflict of
interest for Capitalia. Capitalia has a financial incentive to increase the number of transactions within
a client’s account because the larger the commissions generated by trading within the account, the
higher the fee paid by the bank to Capitalia will be. Capitalia agrees to fully disclose the receipt of such
fees to the client in writing upon the client’s request.
Capitalia’s employees or associated persons may be invited to attend seminars and meetings with the costs
associated with such meetings borne by a sponsoring brokerage firm or other party extending the
invitation.
ITEM 15. CUSTODY
Capitalia typically is given authority to have its fees directly deducted from a client’s account.
Consequently, Capitalia is deemed to have custody of such funds. Capitalia has established procedures
to ensure the client’s account is held at a qualified custodian in a separate account for each client. The
client establishes the bank account directly and therefore is aware of the qualified custodian’s name,
address and the manner in which investments are maintained. Account statements are prepared by
the custodian bank and delivered directly to the client or the client’s representative at least quarterly.
Generally, these statements include a listing of all valuations and all transactions occurring during the
period. Clients should carefully review these statements and when they have questions contact either
Capitalia or the custodian bank. The custodian bank may provide, generally upon a client’s request, a
tax report for the client.
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ITEM 16. INVESTMENT DISCRETION
Capitalia accepts discretionary authority to manage client accounts as described above. Clients rarely
restrict the authority by which Capitalia may act; however, each client has the opportunity to
communicate any form of limitation in writing. In the context of a discretionary mandate, Capitalia
makes investment decisions without consulting the client by utilizing its limited power of attorney for
the management of the account maintained at the custodian bank selected by the client. In the context
of a nondiscretionary mandate, Capitalia’s investment discretion is limited to an advisory role and
Capitalia does not implement investment decisions without the approval of the client. Capitalia never
has discretionary authority to select a qualified custodian for a client’s account.
ITEM 17. VOTING CLIENT SECURITIES
Proxy Voting
In accordance with its fiduciary duty to clients and Rule 206(4)-6 of the Investment Advisers Act,
Capitalia Advisors has adopted and implemented written policies and procedures governing the voting
of client securities. Capitalia generally does not have the authority to vote client proxies, as disclosed
in Capitalia’s standard Investment Management Agreement. If Capitalia inadvertently receives any
proxy materials on behalf of a client, Capitalia will promptly forward such materials to the client.
Capitalia Advisors will, until guidance to the contrary is provided by the SEC and/or such other
relevant legal and/or regulatory bodies, employ proxy voting guidelines and proxy voting procedures,
outlined in Capitalia’s Compliance Manual. Clients may request a copy of these policies and
procedures.
Class Actions
Capitalia does not direct client participation in class action lawsuits. Capitalia will determine whether
to return any documentation inadvertently received regarding clients’ participation in class actions to
the sender, or to forward such information to the appropriate clients.
Capitalia will not advise or act on behalf of clients in any legal proceeding, including bankruptcies or
securities shareholder class action litigation involving securities held or previously held in client
accounts. Accordingly, Capitalia is not responsible for responding to, or forwarding to clients, any
class action settlement offers relating to securities currently or previously held in the client account.
ITEM 18. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Capitalia has not been the subject of a bankruptcy petition at any time. As of the date of this brochure we
do not believe it is reasonably likely that any future liability will impact our ability to meet our contractual
commitments to our clients.
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