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Item 1 – Cover Page
CGN Advisors, LLC
An SEC-Registered Investment Advisor
CGN Advisors, LLC
512 Poyntz Ave Suite 120 Manhattan, KS 66502
Telephone: (910) FEE-ONLY [333-6659]
Facsimile: (785) 340-3435
www.cgnadvisors.com
Form ADV Part 2A
April 9, 2025
This brochure provides information about the qualifications and business practices CGN Advisors, LLC. If
you have any questions about the contents of this brochure, please contact Mike Greim, Chief
Compliance Officer, at (785) 340-3437 or via email at Mike@CGNAdvisors.com.
The information in this brochure has not been approved or verified by the United States Securities and
Exchange Commission (SEC) or by any state securities authority. Additional information about CGN
Advisors, LLC also is available on the SEC’s website at www.adviserinfo.sec.gov.
While the firm and its associates are registered with the SEC and other jurisdictions, that registration
does not imply an endorsement by any regulatory authority, nor imply a certain level of skill or training
on the part of the firm or its associated personnel.
Form ADV Part 2A – April 2025
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Item 2 – Material Changes
There are the following material changes in this brochure from the last annual updating amendment of
CGN Advisors, LLC on March 11, 2025. Material changes relate to CGN Advisors, LLC policies, practices or
conflicts of interest.
The firm has updated its ownership. (Item 4)
The firm has updated Item 4 with a written acknowledgement of fiduciary status. The firm has updated
Item 8 with crypto ETF language. The firm has updated Item 19 by removing it entirely since it is no
longer applicable.
The firm has updated Item 4 and Item 5 to include Pension Consulting Services and Fees.
As with all firm documents, clients and prospective clients are encouraged to review this brochure in its
entirety and are encouraged to ask questions at any time prior to or throughout the engagement.
The firm may at any time update this document and either send a copy of its updated brochure or
provide a summary of material changes to its brochure and an offer to send an electronic or hard copy
form of the updated brochure. Clients are also able to download this brochure from the SEC’s Website:
www.adviserinfo.sec.gov or may contact our firm at (910) FEE-ONLY [333-6659] to request a copy at any
time.
Form ADV Part 2A – April 2025
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Item 3 – Table of Contents
ITEM 1 – COVER PAGE ............................................................................................................................................ 1
ITEM 2 – MATERIAL CHANGES ............................................................................................................................... 2
ITEM 3 – TABLE OF CONTENTS ............................................................................................................................... 3
ITEM 4 – ADVISORY BUSINESS ............................................................................................................................... 5
INFORMATION ABOUT OUR FIRM ...................................................................................................................................... 5
GETTING STARTED .......................................................................................................................................................... 5
FINANCIAL PLANNING AND INVESTMENT CONSULTATION SERVICES .......................................................................................... 6
INVESTMENT CONSULTATION ............................................................................................................................................ 7
REAL-TIME PLANNING SESSIONS ....................................................................................................................................... 7
EDUCATIONAL WORKSHOPS ............................................................................................................................................. 7
TAX RETURN PREPARATION .............................................................................................................................................. 7
IMPLEMENTATION .......................................................................................................................................................... 8
INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT SUB-ADVISORY SERVICES .......................................................................................................... 9
PENSION CONSULTING SERVICES ....................................................................................................................................... 9
WRAP FEE PROGRAMS .................................................................................................................................................. 10
ASSETS UNDER MANAGEMENT ....................................................................................................................................... 10
GENERAL INFORMATION ................................................................................................................................................ 10
ITEM 5 – FEES AND COMPENSATION ................................................................................................................... 11
TYPES OF FEE ARRANGEMENTS ....................................................................................................................................... 11
PAYMENT OF FEES ........................................................................................................................................................ 12
ADDITIONAL CLIENT FEES ............................................................................................................................................... 13
EXTERNAL COMPENSATION FOR THE SALE OF SECURITIES TO CLIENTS ..................................................................................... 13
PREPAYMENT OF FEES ................................................................................................................................................... 14
TERMINATION OF SERVICES ............................................................................................................................................ 14
ITEM 6 – PERFORMANCE-BASED FEES AND SIDE-BY-SIDE MANAGEMENT ........................................................... 15
ITEM 7 – TYPES OF CLIENTS .................................................................................................................................. 15
ITEM 8 - METHODS OF ANALYSIS, INVESTMENT STRATEGIES AND RISK OF LOSS ................................................. 15
METHODS OF ANALYSIS AND INVESTMENT STRATEGIES ........................................................................................................ 15
POTENTIAL RISKS INVOLVING OUR STRATEGY AND METHOD OF ANALYSIS ............................................................................... 17
SECURITY-SPECIFIC MATERIAL RISKS ................................................................................................................................ 18
ITEM 9 – DISCIPLINARY INFORMATION ................................................................................................................ 20
ITEM 10 – OTHER FINANCIAL INDUSTRY ACTIVITIES AND AFFILIATIONS .............................................................. 20
ITEM 11 - CODE OF ETHICS, PARTICIPATION OR INTEREST IN CLIENT TRANSACTIONS AND PERSONAL TRADING . 21
CODE OF ETHICS .......................................................................................................................................................... 21
PRIVACY POLICY STATEMENT .......................................................................................................................................... 24
INVESTMENT RECOMMENDATIONS INVOLVING A MATERIAL FINANCIAL INTEREST AND CONFLICTS OF INTEREST .............................. 25
ADVISORY FIRM PURCHASE OF SAME SECURITIES RECOMMENDED TO CLIENTS AND CONFLICTS OF INTEREST .................................. 25
ITEM 12 – BROKERAGE PRACTICES ....................................................................................................................... 25
Form ADV Part 2A – April 2025
Page 3 of 34
RECOMMENDED SERVICE PROVIDERS ............................................................................................................................... 25
BEST EXECUTION .......................................................................................................................................................... 26
DIRECTED BROKERAGE .................................................................................................................................................. 27
AGGREGATING SECURITIES TRANSACTIONS ........................................................................................................................ 27
TRADE ERRORS ............................................................................................................................................................ 27
ITEM 13 – REVIEW OF ACCOUNTS ........................................................................................................................ 28
RECOMMENDED REVIEWS .............................................................................................................................................. 28
REPORTS AND FREQUENCY ............................................................................................................................................. 29
ITEM 14 – CLIENT REFERRALS AND OTHER COMPENSATION ................................................................................ 29
ECONOMIC BENEFIT FROM EXTERNAL SOURCES AND POTENTIAL CONFLICTS OF INTEREST ........................................................... 29
ADVISORY FIRM PAYMENT FOR CLIENT REFERRALS ............................................................................................................. 31
ITEM 15 – CUSTODY ............................................................................................................................................. 32
ITEM 16 – INVESTMENT DISCRETION ................................................................................................................... 32
ITEM 17 – VOTING CLIENT SECURITIES ................................................................................................................. 33
PROXY VOTING ............................................................................................................................................................ 33
OTHER CORPORATE ACTIONS ......................................................................................................................................... 33
RECEIPT OF MATERIALS ................................................................................................................................................. 33
ITEM 18 - FINANCIAL INFORMATION ................................................................................................................... 33
BALANCE SHEET ........................................................................................................................................................... 33
FINANCIAL CONDITIONS REASONABLY LIKELY TO IMPAIR ADVISORY FIRM'S ABILITY TO MEET COMMITMENTS TO CLIENTS ................ 34
BANKRUPTCY PETITIONS DURING THE PAST 10 YEARS ......................................................................................................... 34
Important Information
Throughout this document, CGN Advisors, LLC shall be referred to by the following terms:
the “firm,” “we,” “us,” or “our”. The client or prospective client may be referred to as: “you,” your,” etc.
Associates operating in offices located throughout the country are authorized to utilize other business
names in conjunction with their offering investment advisory services through our firm. Please refer to
the current listing accompanying this brochure.
This brochure contains 34 pages and should not be considered complete without all pages.
Form ADV Part 2A – April 2025
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Item 4 – Advisory Business
Information about Our Firm
CGN Advisors, LLC is a Kansas Limited Liability Company formed in 2011. Our firm is a wholly owned
subsidiary of CGN Companies, LLC, which is directly owned by Mr. Michael Greim, Chase Capital LLC,
which is directly owned by Mr. Chad Chase, and Nicholas Capital LLC, which is directly owned by Mr.
Justin Nichols. In addition to our 2011 registration as an SEC investment advisor, our firm and its
associates notice-file, register or meet certain exemptions to registration in other jurisdictions in which
we conduct investment advisory business. Mr. Nichols serves as the firm’s Managing Principal –
Operations, Mr. Chase serves as the firm’s Managing Principal – Senior Advisor, and Mr. Greim serves as
the firm’s Managing Principal – Investments and Chief Compliance Officer.
Our firm provides a broad range of investment advisory and ancillary services to people from all walks of
life. Our primary focus is providing financial planning services, which includes such areas as cash flow
and budgeting, education funding, retirement planning, risk management and estate planning. We offer
investment advice through periodic consultations (which we term investment consultation) or portfolio
monitoring services, neither of which include ongoing management of an investment account. We also
provide ongoing and continuous supervision of clients’ portfolios through our investment supervisory
services offering, as well as investment management services through the engagement of institutional
third-party investment managers which are described in further detail in a separate advisory services
brochure. Some of our associates also provide tax preparation services when appropriate.
We hold ourselves to a fiduciary standard, which means our firm and its associates will act in the utmost
good faith and perform in a manner believed to be in the best interest of our clients. As fiduciaries, we
are obligated to put you – our client – first. We feel this sets us apart from other types of firms in the
securities industry such as broker/dealers that may be held to a, perhaps lesser, “suitability” standard.
Such firms may not be required under current regulation to place clients’ interests ahead of their own or
to fully disclose conflicts of interest involving their recommendations to clients.
Getting Started
To begin, a complimentary interview is conducted by a qualified representative of our firm to determine
the scope of services to be provided. During or prior to this meeting, we will provide you with our
current ADV Part 2A brochure that incorporates our Privacy Policy, and you will receive an ADV Part 2B –
Brochure Supplement (Advisory Personnel) and Form CRS from your investment advisor representative
who is assisting you. The firm will also ensure any material conflicts of interest are disclosed regarding
our firm and its associates that could be reasonably expected to impair the rendering of unbiased and
objective advice.
Should you wish to engage our firm, we must first enter into a written agreement; thereafter, discussion
and analysis will be conducted to determine your financial needs, goals, holdings, etc. Depending on the
scope of the engagement, we may require current copies of the following documents early in the
process:
• Wills, codicils and trusts;
• Insurance policies;
• Mortgage information;
• Tax returns;
Form ADV Part 2A – April 2025
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• Current financial specifics including W2s or 1099s;
• Information on current retirement plans and benefits provided by your employer;
• Statements reflecting current investments in retirement and non-retirement accounts; and
• Completed risk profile questionnaires or other forms provided by our firm.
It is important that the information and financial statements you provide is accurate. We may, but are
not obligated to, verify the information you have provided, which will then be used in the financial
planning or investment advisory process.
Financial Planning and Investment Consultation Services
Under our Financial Planning engagements, we provide advice to you on subjects such as cash flow
analysis, retirement capital needs, education funding, risk management, estate planning, or other
specific needs as you may request. The following are general examples, which may change based on
your situation and needs.
Cash Flow Analysis – A review of your income and expenses to determine the current surplus or
deficit along with advice on prioritizing how any surplus should be used or how to reduce expenses
if they exceed your income. Advice may be provided on which debts to pay off first based on factors
such as the interest rate of the debt and any income tax ramifications. Advice is also provided on
the appropriate cash reserve that should be considered for emergencies and other financial goals, a
review of accounts (such as money market funds) for such reserves, plus strategies to save the
desired amounts.
Education Funding – Our education funding review may include projecting the amount that will be
needed to achieve college or other post-secondary education funding goals, along with advice on
ways for you to save the desired amount. Advice might also include the “pros-and-cons” of various
college savings vehicles, such as Section 529 college savings plans and any advantages to you (i.e.,
reduction of income taxes) of using a particular state’s Section 529 plan, prepaid savings plan or
another plan, such as a Coverdell Education Savings Account.
Risk Management Analysis – Our services include an analysis of your exposure to major risks that
could have a significant adverse impact on your financial picture, such as premature death, disability
or the need for long-term care. Advice is provided on ways to minimize such risks and about
weighing the costs and benefits and, likewise, the potential costs of not purchasing insurance (self-
insuring). We may consult with your insurance agent, other insurance agents or brokers and/or
other insurance experts to assist you in making prudent risk management decisions and to help you
select any appropriate insurance policies if needed.
Estate Planning – This may include an analysis of your exposure to estate taxes or a review of your
current estate plan, including wills, powers of attorney, trusts and other related documents. Our
advice typically includes ways for your financial assets and personal items to transfer smoothly and
as you desire, as well as methods to minimize or avoid future estate taxes by implementing
appropriate estate planning strategies such as the use of applicable trusts.
We always recommend that you consult with a qualified attorney when you initiate, update, or
complete estate planning activities. We may provide you with contact information for attorneys
who specialize in estate planning if you wish to hire an attorney for such purposes. From time to
Form ADV Part 2A – April 2025
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time, we will participate in meetings or phone calls between you and your attorney with your
approval or request.
Investment Consultation
Our investment consultation engagements involve providing information on the types of investment
vehicles available, employee stock options, investment analysis, asset selection, or assisting you in
establishing your own investment account at the broker/dealer or custodian of your choosing.
We may offer projections of the likelihood of achieving your financial goals, with financial independence
usually the primary goal. For situations in which projections show less than the desired results, we may
make recommendations that include showing you the impact on those projections by making changes in
certain variables (i.e., working longer, saving more, spending less, taking more risk with investments to
potentially get a better return). If you are near retirement or already retired, advice may be given on
appropriate distribution strategies to minimize the likelihood of running out of money or having to
significantly reduce spending during your retirement years.
Real-Time Planning Sessions
Our real-time planning sessions are limited-scope engagements designed to assist you in determining
how best to invest your time with one of our financial planning professionals. These sessions are
typically 90 to 120 minutes in length and generally focus on more pressing issues you may have.
Therefore, all issues, urgent or not, may not be addressed in this brief time frame. All work may either
be performed in your presence or, possibly, approximately 30 minutes may be assigned for follow up.
A summary report is provided at the conclusion of the meeting or shortly following the session to
address key points that were discussed during the planning session. You may also choose to re-engage
your financial planner for additional real-time planning sessions at a later date.
Educational Workshops
We provide educational workshops on an “as announced” basis for groups desiring general advice on
investments and personal finance. Topics include issues related to financial planning, educational and
estate planning, retirement strategies, or various other economic and investment topics. Our
workshops are educational in nature and do not involve the sale of insurance or investment products.
Information presented will not be based on any one person’s need nor do we provide individualized
investment advice to attendees during our general sessions.
Tax Return Preparation
We may provide tax return preparation services through select locations, performed by qualified
associates under the guidance of industry professionals. Coordinating income tax return preparation
with financial planning may provide you with a thorough, coordinated understanding of your finances.
Under each type of engagement, we will provide you with written recommendations and deliverables as
specified in your agreement. Our services and subsequent recommendations may either be broad-
based or more narrowly focused, as you desire. Note that when these services focus only on certain
areas of your interest or need, your overall financial situation or needs may not be fully addressed due
to the limitations you have established.
Form ADV Part 2A – April 2025
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In all instances, you will retain full discretion over all implementation decisions and are free to accept or
decline any recommendation we make. Further, it remains your responsibility to promptly notify us if
there is any change in your financial situation or investment objectives for the purpose of our reviewing,
evaluating, or revising previous recommendations and/or services.
Upon completion of our presentation or delivery of advice, our engagements are typically concluded
unless your agreement calls for continued services and support (i.e., a retainer engagement, etc.). If
your agreement is for a single engagement, you are encouraged to contact our firm at any time in the
future to re-engage our services and, we may also contact you to determine if you are in need of a
review. Further information about our review process can be found in Item 13 of this brochure.
Implementation
You may also engage our firm to implement investment strategies that we have recommended to you.
Depending on your risk profile, needs, among other considerations, your portfolio may involve the
employment of one or more investment strategies, and as well as either a broad range or more narrowly
focused choice of investment vehicles, each of which is described in further detail in Item 8 of this
brochure.
Our Portfolio Monitoring Services allow you to engage us to provide periodic review of your assets held
at your selected broker/dealer or custodian. This engagement does not involve our providing daily
account supervision or account trading; however, we generally provide quarterly account monitoring and
offer recommendations as necessary to meet your investment objectives. You will then need to affect the
necessary transactions to meet the suggested allocation.
We provide our Investment Supervisory Services under a discretionary or non-discretionary authority
agreement (defined in Item 16), and our may services include the following:
• Investment strategy,
• Investment policy statement,
• Asset allocation,
• Asset selection,
• Risk tolerance, and
• Regular portfolio management.
Where appropriate, we will assist you in preparing an investment profile summary (IPS), or similar
document, reflecting your investment objectives, time horizon, tolerance and appetite for risk, as well as
any account constraints you may have for the portfolio. Your investment profile summary will be
designed to be specific enough to provide future guidance while allowing flexibility to work with
changing market conditions. Since the IPS, to a large extent, will be a product of information and data
you have provided, you will be responsible for reviewing and providing final approval of the
document/plan.
Following our review of your situation, and if appropriate for your preferences and investment strategy,
we may recommend an institutional-level third-party investment manager (also a registered investment
advisor) to implement their strategy for some of or your entire portfolio.
Form ADV Part 2A – April 2025
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Prior to recommending a third-party investment manager, our firm will conduct what we believe to be
an appropriate level of due diligence to include ensuring the firm is appropriately registered or notice-
filed within your jurisdiction, if required. At least annually thereafter, a due diligence review will be
performed from both a compliance and performance perspective to determine that the selected third-
party manager remains an appropriate fit. Our firm’s investment committee will review each third-party
investment manager’s performance over an extended period of time and on a continuing basis, as well
as at least quarterly to discuss any potential concerns or recommended changes of program third-party
managers.
Under this type of engagement, we will gather information from you about your financial situation,
investment objectives, reasonable restrictions you may want to impose on the management of the
account, and we will then provide this data to the third-party investment manager to develop the
portfolio. Third-party managers will invest on behalf of a client account in accordance with the
strategies set forth in their own requisite documents which will be provided to you by our firm prior to
your portfolio employing their strategies. Please keep in mind that third-party investment managers
typically assume discretionary authority over an account (see Item 16), and some of these programs
may not be available for those clients who prefer an account to be managed under a non-discretionary
engagement. Also note that our firm will not manage or obtain discretionary authority over those
accounts participating in a third-party manager program.
Investment Management Sub-Advisory Services
We may engage selected registered investment adviser firms not affiliated with us to provide
investment management sub-advisory services for our clients. Through this type of engagement, we
recommend the sub-advisor’s investment strategy and services to clients, when appropriate, based on
each client’s individual needs.
CGN Advisors, LLC will generally serve as the communication conduit between the client and the sub-
advisor. We will be available to answer questions the client may have regarding their account and will
provide account reviews on a schedule agreed upon with the client.
The sub-advisor will generally have discretionary authority to determine the securities to be purchased
and sold for the client’s accounts it manages. Discretionary authority is described in more detail in Item
16 of this brochure.
Pension Consulting Services
CGN Advisors, LLC offers consulting services to pension or other employee benefit plans (including but
not limited to 401(k) plans). Pension consulting may include, but is not limited to:
•
•
•
•
•
identifying investment objectives and restrictions
providing guidance on various assets classes and investment options
recommending money managers to manage plan assets in ways designed to achieve
objectives
monitoring performance of money managers and investment options and making
recommendations for changes
recommending other service providers, such as custodians, administrators and broker-
dealers
Form ADV Part 2A – April 2025
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•
creating a written pension consulting plan
These services are based on the goals, objectives, demographics, time horizon, and/or risk tolerance of
the plan and its participants.
Written Acknowledgement of Fiduciary Status
When we provide investment advice to you regarding your retirement plan account or individual
retirement account, we are fiduciaries within the meaning of Title I of the Employee Retirement Income
Security Act and/or the Internal Revenue Code, as applicable, which are laws governing retirement
accounts. The way we make money creates some conflicts with your interests, so we operate under a
special rule that requires us to act in your best interest and not put our interest ahead of yours. Under
this special rule’s provisions, we must:
• Meet a professional standard of care when making investment recommendations (give prudent
advice);
• Never put our financial interests ahead of yours when making recommendations (give loyal
advice);
• Avoid misleading statements about conflicts of interest, fees, and investments;
•
Follow policies and procedures designed to ensure that we give advice that is in your best
interest;
• Charge no more than is reasonable for our services; and
• Give you basic information about conflicts of interest.
Wrap Fee Programs
We do not sponsor or serve as a portfolio manager in any investment program involving wrap fees.
Assets Under Management
As of December 31, 2024, the firm managed over $1,261,550,096.00 of client assets; $1,261,131,139.00
under discretionary account agreements and $418,957.00 under non-discretionary account agreements.
Please see Item 16 of this brochure for more information about investment discretion.
General Information
Some of our representatives may offer legal, tax preparation or accounting services. Such services will
be offered under a separate agreement and there is no requirement to utilize these advisors for these
separate services. With your consent, we may work with your other professional advisors to assist with
coordination and implementation of recommended strategies. You should be aware that these other
advisors will bill you separately for their services and these fees will be in addition to those of our firm.
Our firm will use its best judgment and good faith effort in rendering its services; however, our firm and
its associates cannot warrant or guarantee any particular level of account performance, that your
account will be profitable over time, or that your financial planning goals will be met. Past performance
is not necessarily indicative of future results.
Except as may otherwise be provided by law, our firm will not be liable to the client, heirs, or assignees
for any loss that an account may suffer by reason of an investment decision made or other action taken
Form ADV Part 2A – April 2025
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or omitted in good faith by our firm with the degree of care, skill, prudence and diligence under the
circumstances that a prudent person acting in a fiduciary capacity would use; any loss arising from our
adherence to your direction or that of your legal agent; or any act or failure to act by a service provider
maintaining an account.
Notwithstanding the preceding, nothing within our client agreement is intended to diminish in any way
our fiduciary obligation to act in your best interest, or in any way limit or waive your rights under federal
or state securities laws or the rules promulgated pursuant to those laws.
Item 5 – Fees and Compensation
For all noted forms of advisory engagements with our firm, the services to be provided to you and their
specific fees will be detailed in your engagement agreement. Our published fees are negotiable;
however, our firm does not permit IARs to charge fees above the firm’s advertised fee schedule. We
strive to offer fees that are fair and reasonable in light of the experience of the selected investment
advisor representative and the services to be rendered. Within the ranges and limits described below,
representatives may present their fees in the form of “packages”, detailing a specific set of client
circumstances or service offerings where appropriate for the purpose of providing prospective and
current clients transparent and up front expectations of their costs for such services.
Types of Fee Arrangements
Hourly
We may be engaged for our financial planning, investment consultation and tax preparation services
under an hourly fee arrangement. The hourly rate will be billed in six-minute increments (1/10th of an
hour) and based on the associate with whom you are working, their experience level, and the scope and
complexity of your engagement and your financial profile. The rates in the following table apply.
Hourly Rate
Up to $600
Up to $150
Type Provider
Financial Planner
Paraplanner
Fixed Fee (Project/Event)
We also offer our financial planning, investment consultation, real-time planning and tax preparation
services on a fixed-fee basis, typically ranging from $300 to $8,000 annually. Project fees take into
consideration factors such as the estimated amount of time dedicated to the engagement as well as the
complexity of your project and your financial profile. Note that not all billable hours may be specifically
tracked for fixed fee engagements.
We may also assess a fixed fee for our educational workshops, that is payable by the individual attendee
or the workshop sponsor, such as an association or employer. The fee typically ranges from $25 to $200
per workshop per attendee and will depend on the length of the event, its location and whether there
are additional speakers. The fee is announced and generally due in advance of the presentation.
Fixed Fee (Retainer)
Clients who prefer an extended commitment for their financial planning and investment consultation
services may prefer to engage the firm on a retainer fee basis. This fee may be paid in monthly or
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quarterly installments, and the rate takes into consideration factors such as the complexity and amount
of time dedicated to the engagement, your financial profile, the associate with whom you are working
and their experience level, other support services required (i.e., paraplanners and administrative staff),
etc. The fee typically ranges from $480 to $8,000 per year.
Asset-Based Fees
Fees for our asset management programs include those for our investment supervisory services. You will
be assessed an annualized asset-based fee that will be calculated based on the reporting period ending
value as noted in the following table. Alternatively, you may be assessed a fixed fee, the amount of
which would not exceed the fee below.
Fees for asset management programs for established advisors who transition to the firm and for
accounts which are acquired through merger, acquisition or similar, may be higher and must be
approved by a firm principal.
Fees for asset management programs vary and do not exceed 1.00%. Fees are negotiable based on
several factors, such as the scope and complexity of the services to be provided and the investment
advisor representative assigned to your account.
We typically bill fees based on a tiered or “blended rate” fee structure. This means that we apply
multiple percentage rates to determine our fee depending on the amount of assets under our
management in your advisory account. For example, if you have assets under management of $750,000,
we may charge the first $500,000 at 1.00% and the next $250,000 at 0.75%. Your exact fee schedule will
be disclosed in your advisory agreement with us.
Fees will be billed monthly or quarterly, in arrears, and will be determined by the complexity of the
portfolio strategy and investment vehicles selected.
For the benefit of discounting your asset-based fee, we may aggregate investment supervisory services
accounts for the same individual or two or more accounts within the same family, or accounts where a
family member has power of attorney over another family member’s or incompetent person's account.
Should, however, investment objectives be substantially different for any two or more household
accounts, requiring different investment approaches or operational requirements, we do reserve the
right to apply our fee schedule separately to each account.
Pension Consulting Fees
The rate for pension consulting services is up to 1% of the plan assets. We will also charge up to $2,000
annually to the Plan Sponsor for which we provide such consulting services. These fees are negotiable.
Payment of Fees
Hourly and Fixed Fees
Fees may be paid by check, bank draft, or single transaction debit card or credit card authorization
through an unaffiliated third-party service. We do not accept cash, money orders, or similar forms of
payment for our engagements. At no time will a client make a check payable to an associate of the firm
or his/her office’s name for those services offered through the firm as disclosed in its Form ADV. If you
Form ADV Part 2A – April 2025
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maintain an account at one of our primary custodians, you may authorize the custodian in writing to
have these fees withdrawn from your account.
Fees are generally due upon your receipt of our invoice. Non-continuous service engagements that are
greater than three months in duration may be billed monthly or quarterly, in arrears.
Asset-Based Fees
Annualized asset-based fees for investment supervisory services will be billed monthly or quarterly, in
arrears. An account’s first billing cycle will occur once the agreement is executed; a partial period will be
assessed a pro-rated fee starting on the agreement’s execution date. Fee payments will generally be
assessed within 10 business days following each billing cycle.
Accounts will be valued in accordance with the values disclosed on the statement the client receives
from the custodian for the purpose of verifying the computation of the advisory fee. In the absence of a
market value, we may seek an independent third-party opinion or a good faith determination by a
qualified associate of our firm.
Your written authorization is required in order for the custodian of record to deduct advisory fees from
your account. By signing our firm’s engagement agreement, as well as the custodian account opening
documents, you will be authorizing the custodian to withdraw both advisory fees and any transactional
fees from your account. The custodian will remit our fees directly to our firm. All fees deducted from
your account will be noted on statements that you will receive directly from your custodian of record.
Occasionally, adjustments will be made to your account for late trade settlements, dividend
distributions, trade error corrections, and similar situations that occur after a given billing period. These
adjustments will be reflected on the next account statement from the custodian of record.
Pension Consulting Fees
Pension consulting fees are withdrawn directly from the client’s accounts with client’s written
authorization. Fees are paid monthly or quarterly in arrears.
Additional Client Fees
Any transactional or custodial fees assessed by your selected service providers, individual retirement
account fees or qualified retirement plan account termination fees will be borne by you and are as
provided in the current, separate fee schedule of the selected service provider.
Third-party or sub-advisor fees may be in addition to the asset-based fees detailed in table above and
will be documented in the CSA or addendum.
Fees paid to our firm by our clients for our advisory services are separate from any transactional charges
you may pay, as well as those for mutual funds, exchange-traded funds (ETFs), exchange-traded notes
(ETNs), or other investments of this type.
Further information about our fees in relationship to our business practices is noted in Item 12 of this
document.
External Compensation for the Sale of Securities to Clients
Form ADV Part 2A – April 2025
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Our firm and its associates are engaged for fee-only services, and we attempt to recommend “no load”
investments whenever appropriate. We do not charge or receive a commission or mark-up on your
securities transactions, nor will the firm and our associates be paid a commission on your purchase of an
insurance contract or securities investment that we recommend.
We do not receive “trailer” or SEC Rule 12b-1 fees from an investment company offering that we may
recommend. Fees charged by issuers are detailed in prospectuses or product descriptions and you are
encouraged to read these documents before investing. Our firm and its associates receive none of these
described or similar fees or charges.
You will always have the option to purchase recommended investments through your own selected
service provider. Certain institutional third-party investment managers and sub-advisors we may have
engagements with, however, may not be available to self-directed investors.
Prepayment of Fees
We may require an initial deposit for hourly and fixed fee project engagements in the amount of $1,200
or one-half of the lower end of the estimated fee range, whichever is less, and this deposit will be
defined in your engagement agreement.
Real-time planning session fees are typically due when our service is provided or completed, usually at
the end of the real-time planning session.
Workshop fees are to be paid in advance of the first session.
Retainer fee engagements are paid in monthly or quarterly installments, as determined by your
agreement.
Termination of Services
Either you or we may terminate the agreement at any time, in writing. Should you verbally notify our
firm of the termination and, if in two business days following this notification we have not received your
notice in writing, we will make a written notice of the termination in our records and send you our own
termination notice as a substitute.
If our disclosure brochure was not delivered to you at least 48 hours prior to entering into the
agreement with our firm, then you may terminate the engagement without penalty within five business
days after entering into the agreement. Upon termination, you will be assessed fees on a prorated basis
for services we have provided and/or work performed until the date of termination. In the case of most
of our prepaid fees, we will promptly return the unearned amount upon receipt of written termination
notice. Should an educational workshop attendee cancel within 48 hours of the first session, fees will
not be refunded.
For those clients who we provide investment supervisory services, our firm will not be responsible for
future allocations, transactional services or investment advice upon receipt of a termination notice.
Further, upon termination, we will inform the account custodian that the account relationship between
the firm and the client has been terminated.
Form ADV Part 2A – April 2025
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Item 6 – Performance-Based Fees and Side-By-Side Management
Our fees will not be based upon a share of capital gains or capital appreciation (growth) of any portion
of managed funds, also known as “performance-based fees.” Performance-based compensation creates
an incentive for a firm or their representatives to recommend an investment that may carry a higher
degree of risk to a client. We do not use a performance-based fee structure because of the conflict of
interest this type of fee structure poses.
Our fees will not be based on side-by-side management, which refers to a firm simultaneously managing
accounts that do pay performance-based fees (such as a hedge fund) and those that do not; this type of
arrangement, and the conflict of interest it may pose, does not conform to our firm’s practices.
Item 7 – Types of Clients
We provide our services to individuals and their families from all walks of life, trusts and estates,
pension and profit sharing plans, businesses of various scale, as well as foundations and charitable
organizations to assist them in their meeting financial objectives in what we believe to be a cost-
effective way.
Our ability to provide our services depends on access to important information. Accordingly, it is
necessary that you provide us with an adequate level of information and supporting documentation
throughout the term of the engagement, including but not limited to source of funds, income levels,
your (or your legal agent’s) authority to act on behalf of the account, among other information. This
helps us determine the appropriateness of our financial planning or investment strategy for you.
It is also very important that you keep us informed on significant changes that may call for an update to
your financial and investment plans. Events such as job changes, retirement, a windfall, marriage or
divorce, or the purchase or sale of a home or business can have a large impact on your circumstances
and needs. We need to be aware of such events, so we can make the adjustments needed to your plan
or advice in order to keep you on track toward your goals.
Our firm does not require minimum income levels, minimum level of assets or other conditions for its
financial planning, investment consultation, real-time planning services, or portfolio review services. We
may recommend an account size of $5,000 to $250,000 for most investment supervisory services
accounts, and we will inform you in advance of any such minimums or other restrictions of any third-
party investment manager you may wish to engage.
We reserve the right to waive or reduce certain fees based on unique individual circumstances, special
arrangements, or pre-existing relationships. We also reserve the right to decline services to any
prospective client for any non-discriminatory reason.
Item 8 - Methods of Analysis, Investment Strategies and Risk of Loss
Methods of Analysis and Investment Strategies
Method of Analysis
If our firm is engaged to provide investment advice, we will first gather and consider information
regarding several factors, including your:
Form ADV Part 2A – April 2025
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• current financial situation,
• current and long-term needs,
• investment goals and objectives,
• level of investment knowledge,
• tolerance and appetite for risk,
• social concerns involving your investments, and
• restrictions, if any, on the management of your portfolio.
We employ what we believe to be an appropriate blend of fundamental, technical, and cyclical analyses.
For example, fundamental analysis involves evaluating economic factors including interest rates, the
current state of the economy, or the future growth of an industry sector. Technical and cyclical analyses
involve studying the historical patterns and trends of securities, markets, or economies as a whole in an
effort to determine potential future behaviors, the estimation of price movement, and an evaluation of
a transaction before entry into the market in terms of risk and profit potential.
In addition to our own research, the firm’s recommendations may also be drawn from research sources
that include financial publications, investment analysis and reporting software, materials from outside
sources, annual reports, prospectuses and other regulatory filings, and company press releases.
We make asset allocation and investment strategy decisions based on these and other factors. We will
discuss with you how, in our best judgment, to meet your objectives while at the same time seeking a
prudent level of risk exposure.
Investment Strategies
Generally, our investment advice is based on a globally diversified strategy involving a long-term,
disciplined approach that manages risk through appropriate asset allocation. We recognize that each
client’s needs and goals are different; subsequently portfolio strategies and underlying investment
vehicles may vary. The following are common strategies found within our client’s portfolios, in
alphabetical order.
Active Asset Management – A portfolio manager engaging in an active asset management strategy
believes it is possible to create a profit from identifying or leveraging mispriced securities, or
producing similar returns with less risk, or producing returns greater than a stated benchmark, such
as a well- known index. For example, a “large cap stock” fund manager might attempt to
outperform the Standard & Poor's 500 Index by purchasing underpriced stocks or derivative
instruments representing these positions.
Core + Satellite – This strategy blends passive (or index) and active investing, where passive
investments are used as the basis or “core” of a portfolio and actively-managed investments are
added as “satellite” positions. With this strategy, the portfolio core holdings are indexed to
potentially more efficient asset classes, while outlying selections are generally limited to active
managers that are attempting to outperform a particular category, or a selection of particular
positions to increase core diversification, or to improve portfolio performance.
For example, the core of a portfolio may be built with low-cost index funds or ETFs/ETNs; satellite
holdings would include active investment managers with unique strategies that are believed capable
of adding value beyond a stated benchmark over a full market cycle. The core may represent the
Form ADV Part 2A – April 2025
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majority of the total portfolio, using primarily index funds or index-based ETFs/ETNs. The remainder
of the portfolio may then employ mutual funds or ETFs/ETNs that take a shorter duration to assist in
the over-or-under allocation to specific sectors, regions, assets classes, etc.
Modern Portfolio Theory – This award-winning theory is based on the belief that proper
diversification and risk management will provide an investor client with a more stable and
consistent return over time. The practice of Modern Portfolio Theory does not employ market
timing or stock selection methods of investing but rather a long term buy-and-hold strategy with
periodic rebalancing of the account to maintain desired risk levels.
We will strive to create portfolios that are diversified, tax-efficient, and utilize low-cost investments
whenever practical. Although it is common to find a broad range of index mutual funds, ETFs and ETNs
within a portfolio, certain accounts may necessitate holding actively-managed mutual funds, individual
equity and fixed income holdings, certain listed real estate investment trusts (REITs), managed futures,
among others, to create as broad a diversification as necessary to meet demands of the portfolio.
Potential Risks involving Our Strategy and Method of Analysis
Investment Strategy Risks
We believe our strategies and investment recommendations are designed to produce the appropriate
potential return for the given level of risk; however, we cannot guarantee that an investment objective
or planning goal will be achieved. As an investor you must be able to bear the risk of loss that is
associated with your account, which may include the loss of some or all of your principal.
In general, risks regarding markets include interest rates, company and management risk, among others.
Examples include:
Market Risk – When the stock market or an industry as a whole fall, it can cause the prices
of individual stocks to fall indiscriminately. This is also called systematic risk.
Company Risk – When investing in securities, there is always a certain level of company or
industry-specific risk that is inherent in each company or issuer. This is also referred to as
unsystematic risk and can be reduced through appropriate diversification. There is the risk
that the company will perform poorly or have its value reduced based on factors specific to
the company or its industry.
Management Risk – An investment with a firm varies with the success and failure of its
investment strategies, research, analysis and determination of its portfolio. If an investment
strategy were not to produce expected returns, the value of the investment would
decrease.
Firm Research – When the firm’s research and analyses are based on commercially available
software, rating services, general market and financial information, or due diligence reviews, the
firm is relying on the accuracy and validity of the information or capabilities provided by selected
vendors, rating services, market data, and the issuers themselves. The firm makes every effort to
determine the accuracy of the information received but it cannot predict the outcome of events or
actions taken or not taken, or the validity of all information it has researched or provided, which
may or may not affect the advice on or investment management of an account.
Form ADV Part 2A – April 2025
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Active Management Strategies – A portfolio that employs active management strategies may, at
times, outperform or underperform various benchmarks or other strategies. In an effort to meet or
surpass these benchmarks, active portfolio management may require more frequent trading or
“turnover.” This may result in shorter holding periods, higher transactional costs and/or taxable
events generally borne by the client, thereby potentially reducing or negating certain benefits of
active management.
Core + Satellite Strategies – Strategies involving Core + Satellite investing may have the potential to
be affected by “active risk” or “tracking error risk,” which might be defined as a deviation from the
stated benchmark. Since the core portfolio attempts to closely replicate a stated benchmark, the
source of the tracking error or deviation may come from a satellite portfolio or position, or from a
“sample” or “optimized” index fund or ETF/ETN that may not as closely align the stated benchmark.
In these instances, the firm may choose to reduce the weighting of a satellite holding, utilize very
active satellites, or use a “replicate index” position as part of its core holdings to minimize the
effects of the tracking error in relation to the overall portfolio.
Passive Markets Theory – A portfolio that employs a passive, efficient markets approach
(representative of Modern Portfolio Theory) has the potential risk that at times the broader
allocation may generate lower-than-expected returns than those from a specific, more narrowly
focused asset, and that the return on each type of asset is a deviation from the average return for
the asset class. We believe this variance from the “expected return” is generally low under normal
market conditions when a portfolio is made up of diverse, low or non-correlated assets.
Socially Conscious Investing – If you require your portfolio to be invested according to socially
conscious principles, you should note that returns on investments of this type may be limited and
because of this limitation you may not be able to be as well diversified among various asset classes.
The number of publicly traded companies that meet socially conscious investment parameters is
also limited, and due to this limitation, there is a probability of similarity or overlap of holdings,
especially among socially conscious mutual funds or ETFs/ETNs. Therefore, there could be a more
pronounced positive or negative impact on a socially conscious portfolio, which could be more
volatile than a fully diversified portfolio.
Security-Specific Material Risks
Equity (Stock) Market Risk – Common stocks are susceptible to general stock market
fluctuations and to volatile increases or decreases in value as market confidence in and
perceptions of the company who issued the stock. If an investor held common stock, or
common stock equivalents, of any given company, they would generally be exposed to
greater risk than if they held preferred stock and/or debt obligations of the company.
ETF and Mutual Fund Risk – The risk of owning ETFs and mutual funds reflect the risks of
their underlying securities. ETFs and mutual funds may carry additional expenses based on
their share of operating expenses and certain brokerage fees which may result in the
potential duplication of certain fees. Like traditional mutual funds, ETFs charge asset-based
fees, but they generally do not charge initial sales charges or redemption fees and investors
typically pay only customary brokerage fees to buy and sell ETF shares. The fees and costs
charged by ETFs held in client accounts will not be deducted from the compensation the
client pays the firm. ETF prices can fluctuate, and a client account could lose money
Form ADV Part 2A – April 2025
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investing in an ETF if the prices of the securities owned by the ETF go down. ETFs are subject
to these additional risks:
▪ ETF shares may trade above or below their net asset value;
▪ The value of an ETF may be more volatile than the underlying portfolio of securities the ETF
is designed to track;
▪ The cost of owning shares of the ETF may exceed those a client would incur by directly
investing in the underlying securities; and
▪ Trading of an ETF’s shares may be halted if the listing exchange’s officials deem it
appropriate, the shares are delisted from the exchange, or the activation of market-wide
“circuit-breakers” (which can be tied to large decreases in stock prices) halts stock trading
generally.
Fixed Income Risks – Various forms of fixed income instruments, such as bonds, money
market funds, and certificates of deposit, may be affected by various forms of risk, including:
• Interest Rate Risk - The risk that the value of the fixed income holding will decrease because of
an increase in interest rates.
• Liquidity Risk - The inability to readily buy or sell an investment for a price close to the true
underlying value of the asset due to a lack of buyers or sellers. While certain types of fixed
income are generally liquid (i.e., bonds), there are risks which may occur such as when an issue
trading on any given period does not readily support buys and sells at an efficient
price. Conversely, when trading volume is high, there is also a risk of not being able to purchase
a particular issue at the desired price.
• Credit Risk - The potential risk that an issuer would be unable to pay scheduled interest or repay
principal at maturity, sometimes referred to as “default risk.” Credit risk may also occur when
an issuer’s ability to make payments of principal and interest when due is interrupted. This may
result in a negative impact on all forms of debt instruments, as well as funds or ETF/ETN share
values that hold these issues. Bondholders are creditors of an issuer and have priority to assets
before equity holders (i.e., stockholders) when receiving a payout from liquidation or
restructuring. When defaults occur due to bankruptcy, the type of bond held will determine
seniority of payment.
• Reinvestment Risk – With declining interest rates, investors may have to reinvest
interest income or principal at a lower rate.
• Duration Risk - Duration is a measure of a bond’s volatility, expressed in years to be
repaid by its internal cash flow (interest payments). Bonds with longer durations carry
more risk and have higher price volatility than bonds with shorter durations.
Index Investing – ETFs/ETNs and indexed funds have the potential to be affected by “tracking error
risk,” as earlier described in the passage involving Core + Satellite strategies. In these instances, we
may choose to reduce the weighting of a holding or use a “replicate index” position as part of the
core holding to minimize the effects of the tracking error in relation to the overall portfolio.
QDI Ratios – While many ETFs/ETNs and index mutual funds are known for their potential tax-
efficiency and higher “qualified dividend income” (QDI) percentages, there are asset classes within
Form ADV Part 2A – April 2025
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these investment vehicles or holding periods within that may not benefit. Shorter holding periods,
as well as commodities and currencies (that may be part of an ETF/ETN or mutual fund portfolio),
may be considered “non-qualified” under certain tax code provisions. We consider a holding’s QDI
when tax-efficiency is an important aspect of the client’s portfolio.
Crypto ETF - Investing in cryptocurrency-based exchange-traded funds (Crypto ETFs) involves
significant risks. Crypto ETFs may be subject to high volatility, market fluctuations, and regulatory
uncertainty. The value of the underlying cryptocurrencies can experience extreme price swings,
which could result in substantial gains or losses. Additionally, crypto assets may be impacted by
changes in government regulations, technological advancements, or shifts in investor sentiment
Item 9 – Disciplinary Information
Neither the firm nor any member of its management has been involved in a material criminal or civil
action in a domestic, foreign or military jurisdiction, an administrative enforcement action, or self-
regulatory organization proceeding that would reflect poorly upon our firm’s advisory business or the
integrity of our firm.
Item 10 – Other Financial Industry Activities and Affiliations
Our policies require our firm and its associates to conduct business activities in a manner that avoid or
appropriately mitigate conflicts of interest between the firm, its associates, and our clients, or that may
be contrary to law. We will provide disclosure to each client prior to and throughout the term of an
engagement regarding any conflicts of interest that might reasonably compromise our impartiality or
independence.
Neither our firm nor a member of its management is, or has a material relationship with any of the
following types of entities:
• broker/dealer, municipal securities dealer, or government securities dealer or broker;
• futures commission merchant, commodity pool operator, or commodity trading advisor;
• banking or thrift institution;
• insurance company or agency;
• pension consultant;
• real estate broker or dealer;
• sponsor or syndicator of limited partnerships; or
• investment company or other pooled investment vehicle (including a mutual fund, closed-end
investment company, unit investment trust, private investment company or “hedge fund,” and
offshore fund).
Upon your request and when appropriate to do so, we may provide referrals to various other
professionals in your area, such as an accountant, attorney, or insurance agent. We do not have an
agreement with or receive fees from these professionals for these informal referrals. Any fees charged
by these other entities for their services are completely separate from advisory fees charged by our
advisory firm.
Some of our associates also serve as certified public accountants, attorneys or business management
coaches through their separately owned and operated firms. Clients of our advisory firm may have one
Form ADV Part 2A – April 2025
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or more business relationships with the investment advisor representative with whom they are engaged
for services, however, each engagement will be under separate and distinct agreements and
information will only be shared with the client’s prior approval.
Some associates hold insurance licenses for the purpose of providing insurance-related advice to firm
clients. Our associates are not permitted to be appointed with any insurance carrier, meaning they
cannot sell insurance products or earn commissions related to the sale of insurance products.
Our firm and its associates are engaged for fee-only advisory services, as such neither the firm, its
management or associates are registered or have an application pending to register as a Financial
Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA) or National Futures Association (NFA) introducing broker, or as a
futures commission merchant, commodity pool operator, commodity trading advisor, or an associated
person of the foregoing entities.
Under certain engagements, we may provide a recommendation to third-party investment managers
(who are also required to be registered as investment advisors) to service all or part of a client’s
portfolio and both firms may inevitably be paid an advisory fee (i.e., an hourly advisory fee and an asset-
based fee).
Item 11 - Code of Ethics, Participation or Interest in Client Transactions and Personal Trading
Code of Ethics
As required by Rule 204A-1 under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 (“Advisers Act”), CGN Advisors,
LLC has adopted codes of ethics that set forth standards of conduct and require compliance with federal
and any applicable state securities laws.
Our Code of Ethics (the “Code”) applies to all of CGN Advisors, LLC’s investment advisor representatives
(IARs), partners, officers, directors, employees, administrative assistants, and any other persons
providing investment advice on behalf of the Firm and subject to the Firm’s supervision and control
based on the Advisers Act’s definition of Supervised Persons. The Code is intended to reflect the
fiduciary principles that govern the conduct of CGN Advisors, LLC (the “Firm”) and its Associates. CGN
Advisors, LLC uses the term “associate(s)” throughout this document to refer to Supervised Persons
because the Firm’s Chief Compliance Officer has determined that all Firm associates are considered
Supervised Persons.
The Code contains policies regarding several key areas:
•
•
Standards of Conduct and Compliance with Laws, Rules and Regulations;
The National Association of Personal Financial Advisors (NAPFA) Fiduciary Oath, The CFP
Board Code of Ethics, & The Department of Labor (DOL) Impartial Conduct Standards;
Protection of Material Non-Public Information and Confidential Information;
Personal Securities Trading;
Gifts;
Communications with the Public;
•
•
•
•
• Outside Business Activities;
•
•
Compliance Certification;
Failure to Comply and Reporting Violations;
Form ADV Part 2A – April 2025
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•
•
Recordkeeping; and
Initial and Annual Certification of Receipt of and Compliance with the Firm’s Code of Ethics.
In order to ensure familiarity with and adherence to the firm’s written policies and procedures and Code
of Ethics, the firm’s associates attend an annual compliance training session. Each associate will receive
a copy of our Compliance Guidelines and its accompanying Code of Ethics upon hiring, at the annual
training session, and as any material updates occur. The Compliance Department will maintain
acknowledgements by each associate as to their receipt and agreement to abide by the firm’s
Compliance Guidelines and our Code of Ethics, as amended. The Firm’s Compliance Department will
periodically review and amend its Code of Ethics to ensure that it remains current. The Firm will provide
clients and prospective clients with a copy of the Code upon request.
Our Code of Ethics permits associates to trade in securities, including those that could be recommended
to clients. This activity can create actual or potential conflicts of interest. To address these actual or
potential conflicts of interest, our Code of Ethics contains significant safeguards designed to protect
clients from abuses in this area. The Code of Ethics includes policies and procedures for the review of
quarterly securities transactions reports as well as initial and annual securities holdings reports that
access persons must submit.
Associates of our firm agree to adhere to the CFP Board Code of Ethics. These principles include:
Principle 1 – Integrity
An advisor will provide professional services with integrity. Integrity demands honesty and
candor which must not be subordinated to personal gain and advantage.
Advisors are placed by clients in positions of trust by clients, and the ultimate source of that
trust is the advisor’s personal integrity. Allowance can be made for innocent error and
legitimate differences of opinion; but integrity cannot co-exist with deceit or subordination of
one’s principles.
Principle 2 – Objectivity
An advisor will provide professional services objectively. Objectivity requires intellectual
honesty and impartiality. Regardless of the particular service rendered or the capacity in which
an advisor functions, an advisor should protect the integrity of their work, maintain objectivity
and avoid subordination of their judgment.
Principle 3 – Competence
Advisors will maintain the necessary knowledge and skill to provide professional services
competently.
Competence means attaining and maintaining an adequate level of knowledge and skill, and
applies that knowledge effectively in providing services to clients. Competence also includes
the wisdom to recognize the limitations of that knowledge and when consultation with other
professionals is appropriate or referral to other professionals necessary. Advisors make a
continuing commitment to learning and professional improvement.
Form ADV Part 2A – April 2025
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Principle 4 – Fairness
Advisors will be fair and reasonable in all professional relationships. Fairness requires
impartiality, intellectual honesty and disclosure of material conflict(s) of interest. It involves a
subordination of one’s own feelings, prejudices and desires so as to achieve a proper balance of
conflicting interests.
Fairness is treating others in the same fashion that you would want to be treated and is an
essential trait of any professional.
Principle 5 – Confidentiality
Advisors will protect the confidentiality of all client information. Confidentiality means
ensuring that information is accessible only to those authorized to have access. A relationship
of trust and confidence with the client can only be built upon the understanding that the
client’s information will remain confidential.
Principle 6 – Professionalism
Advisors will act in a manner that demonstrates exemplary professional conduct.
Professionalism requires behaving with dignity and courtesy to all who use their services, fellow
professionals, and those in related professions. Advisors cooperate with fellow advisors to
enhance and maintain the profession’s public image and improve the quality of services.
Principle 7 – Diligence
Advisors will provide professional services diligently. Diligence is the provision of services in a
reasonably prompt and thorough manner, including the proper planning for, and supervision
of, the rendering of professional services.
Most of our advisors are members of the National Association of Personal Financial Advisors (NAPFA)
professional organization, however all of our advisors work with clients in a Fee-Only, fiduciary capacity,
meaning they act solely in the best interest of their clients. The NAPFA Fiduciary Oath states that:
“The advisor shall exercise his/her best efforts to act in good faith and in the best interests of the
client.
The advisor shall provide written disclosure to the client prior to the engagement of the advisor, and
thereafter throughout the term of the engagement, of any conflicts of interest, which will or
reasonably may compromise the impartiality or independence of the advisor.
The advisor, or any party in which the advisor has a financial interest, does not receive any
compensation or other remuneration that is contingent on any client's purchase or sale of a
financial product.
The advisor does not receive a fee or other compensation from another party based on the referral
of a client or the client's business.
Following the NAPFA Fiduciary Oath means I shall:
Form ADV Part 2A – April 2025
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* Always act in good faith and with candor.
* Be proactive in disclosing any conflicts of interest that may impact a client.
* Not accept any referral fees or compensation contingent upon the purchase or sale of a financial
product.”
DOL Impartial Conduct Standards
As a fiduciary, CGN Advisors, LLC adheres to the three key concepts laid out in the DOL’s Final Rule
Release (effective June 9, 2017):
• Must acknowledge fiduciary status in writing
• Must adhere to Impartial Conduct Standards
o Only give recommendations that are in the best interest of the retirement investor,
regardless of compensation
o Only charge reasonable compensation
o Make no materially misleading statements
• Determine, Demonstrate, and Document why recommendations are in the best interest of the
retirement investor
o Fees/costs/expenses
o Available investments
o Services
Privacy Policy Statement
We respect the privacy of all our clients and prospective clients, both past and present. We recognize
that you have entrusted us with non-public personal information and it is important to us that all
associates and clients of our firm know our policy concerning what we do with that information.
We collect personal information about our clients from the following sources:
• Information our clients provide to us to complete their financial plan or investment
recommendation;
• Information our clients provide to us in agreements, account applications, and other documents
completed in connection with the opening and maintenance of their accounts;
• Information our clients provide to us verbally; and
• Information we may receive from service providers, such as custodians, about client transactions.
We do not disclose non-public personal information about our clients to anyone, except in the following
circumstances:
• When required to provide services our clients have requested;
• When our clients have specifically authorized us to do so;
• When required during the course of a firm assessment (i.e., independent audit); or
• When permitted or required by law (i.e., periodic regulatory examination).
Form ADV Part 2A – April 2025
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Within our firm, we restrict access to client information to staff that need to know that information. All
personnel and our service providers understand that everything handled in our offices are confidential
and they are instructed to not discuss client information with someone else that may request
information about an account unless they are specifically authorized in writing by the client to do so.
This includes, for example, providing information about a spouse’s IRA account, or to adult children
about parents’ accounts, etc.
To ensure security and confidentiality, we maintain physical, electronic, and procedural safeguards to
protect the privacy of client information.
We will provide you with our privacy policy on an annual basis per federal law and at any time, in
advance, if our policy is expected to change.
Investment Recommendations Involving a Material Financial Interest and Conflicts of Interest
Neither our firm, its associates or any related person is authorized to recommend to a client, or affect a
transaction for a client, involving any security in which our firm or a related person has a material
financial interest, such as in the capacity as an underwriter, advisor to the issuer, etc.
Our associates are prohibited from borrowing from or lending to a client unless the client is an approved
financial institution.
Our firm is able to provide a broad range of services to its clients, including financial planning,
investment consultation, investment supervisory services, among others; we may be paid a fee for all of
these services. Due to our firm’s ability to offer two or more of these services and possibly receive a fee
for each engagement, a potential conflict of interest may exist. Therefore, we note that you are under
no obligation to act on our recommendations and, if you elect to do so, you are under no obligation to
complete all of them through our firm or our recommended service providers.
Advisory Firm Purchase of Same Securities Recommended to Clients and Conflicts of Interest
Our firm and its associates may buy or sell securities the same as, similar to, or different from, those we
recommend to clients for their accounts. A recommendation made to one client may be different in
nature or in timing from a recommendation made to a different client. Clients often have different
objectives and risk tolerances. At no time, however, will our firm or any related party receive
preferential treatment over our clients.
In an effort to reduce or eliminate certain conflicts of interest involving the firm or personal trading, our
policy may require that we restrict or prohibit associates’ transactions in specific securities transactions.
We maintain the required personal securities transaction records per regulation.
Item 12 – Brokerage Practices
Recommended Service Providers
Your assets must be maintained in an account at a “qualified custodian,” generally a broker/dealer or
bank (we term “service providers” or “custodians”) that is frequently assessed for its capabilities to
serve as custodian. We are not a custodian nor do we have an affiliate that is a custodian. Neither the
firm nor any associate is registered with or supervised by any custodian.
Form ADV Part 2A – April 2025
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Our firm recommends Charles Schwab & Co., Inc. Advisor Services.
Should a client be engaged in investment consultation or real-time planning services, the account(s) are
permitted to be held at the custodian of the client's choice. Should a client prefer a different service
provider, our recommendation of another service provider would be based on client needs, overall cost,
and ease of use unless the client has engaged our firm to provide investment supervisory services. In that
case, we require clients to use Charles Schwab & Co., Inc. Advisor Services . Member FINRA/SIPC/NFA.1
as custodian for investment supervisory services accounts in which the firm places trades on the client's
behalf.
Our firm is independently owned and operated; we are not legally affiliated with Charles Schwab & Co.,
Inc. Advisor Services (termed “custodian”). While we recommend that you use our preferred custodian,
you will decide whether to do so and will open your account with them by entering into an account
agreement directly with that firm. If you do not wish to place your assets with our custodian, we would
be unable to manage your account under our investment supervisory services engagement and an
alternative engagement such as our investment consultation services may be necessary.
The custodian will hold your assets in an account in your name and will buy and sell securities when we
or a selected third-party investment manager instructs them. While we recommend that you use the
custodian as your service provider, you must decide whether to do so and your account with the
custodian of your choice will be entered into via an account agreement directly with them. We
technically do not open the account for you, although we will assist you in doing so.
The noted custodian offers independent investment advisors various services which include custody of
client assets, trade execution, clearance and settlement, etc. Our firm may receive certain benefits from
a custodian through participation in their independent advisor support program (please refer to Item 14
for further details).
We conduct periodic assessments of any recommended service provider (including the custodian) which
generally involves a review of the range and quality of services, reasonableness of fees, among other
items, and comparison to industry peers.
Best Execution
“Best execution” means the most favorable terms for a transaction based on all relevant factors,
including those listed in the paragraph titled Factors Used to Select Broker-Dealers for Client
Transactions and within Item 14. We recognize our obligation in seeking best execution for our clients;
however, it is our belief that the determinative factor is not always the lowest possible cost but whether
a selected custodian’s transactions represent the best “qualitative execution” while taking into
consideration the full range of services provided. Therefore, the firm will seek services involving
competitive rates but it may not necessarily correlate into the lowest possible rate for each transaction.
Clients are required to utilize Charles Schwab & Co., Inc. Advisor Services as custodian for investment
supervisory services accounts in which our firm places trades on the client’s behalf.
1 CGN Advisors, LLC is not, nor required to be, a FINRA or Securities Investor Protection Corporation (SIPC) member. You can
learn more about SIPC and how it serves member firms and the investing public by going to their website at
http://www.sipc.org.
Form ADV Part 2A – April 2025
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CGN Advisors, LLC will not be obligated to seek better execution services or prices from, or be able to
aggregate client transactions, should we choose to do so, for execution through custodians other than
Charles Schwab & Co., Inc. Advisor Services . As a result, clients may pay higher commissions or other
transaction costs, experience greater spreads, or receive less favorable net prices, on transactions than
would otherwise be the case.
Directed Brokerage
We do not require or engage in directed brokerage involving our client’s accounts. Pursuant to our
obligation of best execution, we decline requests to direct brokerage because we believe any directed
brokerage arrangement would result in additional operational difficulties or risk to our firm due to our
requirement that clients utilize Charles Schwab & Co., Inc. Advisor Services as custodian for accounts in
which our firm places trades on the client’s behalf.
As mentioned above, our firm is independently owned and operated; we are not legally affiliated with
Charles Schwab & Co., Inc. Advisor Services . Member FINRA/SIPC/NFA (termed “custodian”). Should a
client use our preferred custodian, the client will enter into an account agreement directly with that
firm. We do not technically open the account for the client, although we will assist in doing so. If a
client does not wish to place assets with Charles Schwab & Co., Inc. Advisor Services , we would be
unable to manage the account under our investment supervisory services engagement and an
alternative engagement such as our investment consultation services may be necessary. The custodian
will hold the client’s assets in an account in the client’s name and securities will be bought and sold
when our firm or a selected third-party investment manager instructs them to do so.
Aggregating Securities Transactions
Transactions for each of our clients will generally be affected independently unless we decide to
purchase or sell the same securities for several clients at approximately the same time, often termed
“aggregated” or “batched” orders. We do not receive any additional compensation or remuneration as
a result of aggregated transactions.
We may, but are not obligated to, aggregate orders in an attempt to obtain better execution, negotiate
favorable transaction rates, or to allocate equitably among our client accounts should there be
differences in prices and commissions or other transaction costs that might have been obtained had
such orders been separately placed.
Should we aggregate orders, transactions will generally be averaged as to price and allocated among
each client on a pro-rated basis on any given day or within a reasonable trading period and we will
attempt to do so in accordance with the parameters set forth in SEC No-Action Letter, SMC Capital, Inc.
Client accounts where trade aggregation is not allowed or infeasible may potentially be assessed higher
transaction costs than those that are batched.
We review both our trade aggregation procedures and allocation processes on a periodic basis to ensure
they remain within stated policies and regulation. We will inform you, in advance, should our trade
aggregation and allocation practices change at any point in the future.
Trade Errors
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Our firm corrects its trade errors through an account maintained by Charles Schwab & Co., Inc. Advisor
Services and the firm will be responsible for certain trading error losses that occur within a client
account. Trading error gains in accounts maintained at our custodian are swept to a designated account
and donated to a 501(c)(3) charity of the custodian’s choice. The custodian will be obligated to disclose
in their own literature to account holders whether such recipients’ receipt of such donations presents a
material conflict of interest.
In the event of a trade error, the IAR involved must immediately contact the firm’s headquarters so the
Compliance Department can coordinate the correction directly with the custodian. All trade errors will
be corrected within a reasonable period of time following discovery of the error, and the client will be
informed in writing in a timely manner. At no time will fees from other accounts or soft dollars be used
to correct a trade error.
Item 13 – Review of Accounts
Recommended Reviews
Financial Planning and Investment Consultation Services
You should contact our firm for additional reviews when making decisions about changes in your
financial situation (i.e., the loss of a job, retirement, receipt of a significant bonus, an inheritance, the
birth of a new child, or other circumstances).
Periodic financial check-ups or reviews are recommended if you are receiving our financial planning and
investment consultation services, and we recommend that they occur at least on an annual basis
whenever practical.
If your engagement agreement calls for ongoing financial planning and investment consultation services,
we encourage you to schedule these meetings in advance or you will be contacted per your plan
schedule for continued review.
Reviews will be conducted by your selected financial planner and normally involve analysis and possible
revision of your previous financial plan or investment allocation.
Unless provided for in your engagement agreement, reviews are generally conducted under a new or
amended agreement and will be assessed at our current hourly rate.
Portfolio Monitoring Services
Periodic reviews will be conducted as scheduled during the span of your engagement agreement. These
reviews will be performed by your selected investment advisor representative.
Investment Supervisory Services
Investment supervisory services accounts are reviewed on a quarterly or more frequent basis by your
selected investment advisor representative and/or the firm’s Chief Investment Officer and investment
management team. We may also engage qualified independent consultants to conduct periodic
assessments.
Form ADV Part 2A – April 2025
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Additional reviews may be triggered by news or research related to a specific holding, a change in our
view of the investment merits of a holding, or news related to the macroeconomic climate affecting a
sector or holding within that sector.
Accounts may be reviewed for an additional holding or when an increase in a current position is under
consideration.
Account cash levels above or below what we deem appropriate for the investment environment, given
the client's stated tolerance for risk and investment objectives, may also trigger a review.
For accounts served by a recommended third-party investment manager, we will periodically review
reports provided to you by your third-party investment manager and contact you at least annually to
review your financial situation and objectives.
We will communicate information to your third-party investment manager as warranted and assist you
in understanding and evaluating the services provided by the third-party manager. In certain instances,
you may be able to communicate with your selected third-party investment manager.
Reports and Frequency
If you have opened and maintained an investment account on your own or with our assistance, you will
receive account statements sent directly from mutual fund companies, transfer agents, custodians or
brokerage companies where your investments are held. We urge you to carefully review these
statements for accuracy and clarity, and to ask questions when something is not clear.
We may provide portfolio reports if we are engaged to provide periodic asset allocation or investment
advice; however, we do not provide ongoing performance reporting under our financial planning,
investment consultation or portfolio monitoring services engagements.
For our investment supervisory services accounts, our firm may provide quarterly portfolio statement
and position performance summary reports, and annual realized gains/loss reports for taxable accounts.
Some of our clients may receive additional reports depending on their specific requirements.
You may also receive quarterly portfolio or performance reports directly from your selected third-party
investment manager.
All firm performance reports will be in prepared in accordance with appropriate jurisdictional guidance.
Clients are urged to carefully review and compare account statements that they have received directly
from their service provider with any report received from our firm.
Item 14 – Client Referrals and Other Compensation
Economic Benefit from External Sources and Potential Conflicts of Interest
As disclosed in Item 12, our firm may receive economic benefit from the noted custodians in the form of
various products and services they make available to the firm and other independent investment
advisors that typically may not be made available to a “retail investor.”
Form ADV Part 2A – April 2025
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These benefits may include the following products and services (provided either without cost or at a
discount):
• receipt of duplicate client statements and confirmations
• research related products and tools
• access to trading desks serving our clients
• access to block trading services
• the ability to have advisory fees deducted directly from a client’s accounts (per written agreement)
• resource information related to capital markets and various investments
• access to an electronic communications networks for client order entry and account information
• access to mutual funds with no transaction fees and/or select investment managers
• discounts on marketing, research, technology, and practice management products or services
provided to our firm by third-party providers
Some of the noted products and services made available by a custodian may benefit our advisory firm
but may not directly benefit a client account, and certain research and other previously referenced
services may qualify as "brokerage or research services" under Section 28(e) of the Securities Exchange
Act of 1934. The availability of these services from a custodian benefits our firm because it does not
have to produce or purchase them as long as firm clients maintain assets in accounts at the custodian.
Therefore, there is an appearance of a conflict of interest since our firm may have an incentive to select
or recommend a custodian based on our firm’s interest in receiving these benefits rather than your
interest in receiving favorable trade execution.
As a fiduciary, our firm endeavors at all times to put the interests of its clients first. It is important to
mention that the benefit received by our firm through participation in a custodian’s independent advisor
program does not depend on the amount of brokerage transactions directed to a custodian, and the
selection of a custodian is in the best interests of our clients since the selection is primarily supported by
the scope, quality, and cost of services provided as a whole -- not just those services that benefit only
our advisory firm.
Charles Schwab & Co., Inc. Advisor Services provides us with access to Charles Schwab & Co., Inc.
Advisor Services’ institutional trading and custody services, which are typically not available to Charles
Schwab & Co., Inc. Advisor Services retail investors. These services generally are available to
independent investment advisers on an unsolicited basis, at no charge to them so long as a total of at
least $10 million of the adviser’s clients’ assets are maintained in accounts at Charles Schwab & Co., Inc.
Advisor Services. Charles Schwab & Co., Inc. Advisor Services includes brokerage services that are
related to the execution of securities transactions, custody, research, including that in the form of
advice, analyses and reports, and access to mutual funds and other investments that are otherwise
generally available only to institutional investors or would require a significantly higher minimum initial
investment. For our client accounts maintained in its custody, Charles Schwab & Co., Inc. Advisor
Services generally does not charge separately for custody services but is compensated by account
holders through commissions or other transaction-related or asset-based fees for securities trades that
are executed through Charles Schwab & Co., Inc. Advisor Services or that settle into Charles Schwab &
Co., Inc. Advisor Services accounts.
Charles Schwab & Co., Inc. Advisor Services also makes available to us other products and services that
benefit us but may not benefit its clients’ accounts. These benefits may include national, regional or our
Form ADV Part 2A – April 2025
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specific educational events organized and/or sponsored by Charles Schwab & Co., Inc. Advisor Services.
Other potential benefits may include occasional business entertainment of personnel of our firm by
Charles Schwab & Co., Inc. Advisor Services personnel, including meals, invitations to sporting events,
including golf tournaments, and other forms of entertainment, some of which may accompany
educational opportunities. Other of these products and services assist us in managing and administering
clients’ accounts. These include software and other technology (and related technological training) that
provide access to client account data (such as trade confirmations and account statements), facilitate
trade execution (and allocation of aggregated trade orders for multiple client accounts, if applicable),
provide research, pricing information and other market data, facilitate payment of our fees from its
clients’ accounts (if applicable), and assist with back-office training and support functions, recordkeeping
and client reporting. Many of these services generally may be used to service all or some substantial
number of ours accounts. Charles Schwab & Co., Inc. Advisor Services also makes available to our other
services intended to help us manage and further develop its business enterprise. These services may
include professional compliance, legal and business consulting, publications and conferences on practice
management, information technology, business succession, regulatory compliance, employee benefits
providers, and human capital consultants, insurance and marketing. In addition, Charles Schwab & Co.,
Inc. Advisor Services may make available, arrange and/or pay vendors for these types of services
rendered to us by independent third parties. Charles Schwab & Co., Inc. Advisor Services may discount
or waive fees it would otherwise charge for some of these services or pay all or a part of the fees of a
third-party providing these services to us. We are independently owned and operated and not affiliated
with Charles Schwab & Co., Inc. Advisor Services.
Advisory Firm Payment for Client Referrals
We do not engage in solicitation activities as defined by the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as
amended.
Investment advisor representatives of our firm are permitted to hold individual membership or serve on
boards or committees of professional industry associations, such as National Association of Personal
Financial Advisors, the Financial Planning Association, or the Garrett Planning Network. Generally,
participation in any of these entities require membership fees to be paid, adherence to ethical
guidelines, as well as in meeting experiential and educational requirements.
A benefit these entities may provide to the investing public is the availability of online search tools that
allow interested parties (prospective clients) to search for individual participants within a selected state
or region. These passive websites may provide means for interested persons to contact a participant via
electronic mail, telephone number, or other contact information, in order to interview the participating
member. The public may also choose to telephone association staff to inquire about an individual
within their area, and would receive the same or similar information. A portion of these participant’s
membership fees may be used so that their name will be listed in some or all of these entities’ websites
(or other listings).
Prospective clients locating our firm or one of our associates via these methods are not actively
marketed by the noted associations. Clients who find us in this way do not pay more for their services
than clients referred to us in another fashion, such as by another client. We do not pay these entities
for prospective client referrals, nor is there a fee-sharing arrangement reflective of a solicitor
engagement.
Form ADV Part 2A – April 2025
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Item 15 – Custody
An advisor has custody of client assets, and therefore must comply with The Custody Rule (Rule 206(4)-2
of the Investment Advisers act of 1940) when it holds, directly or indirectly, client funds or securities or
has any authority to obtain possession of them. CGN Advisors, LLC does not provide trustee services nor
will the firm have custody of client funds. To avoid being deemed to have custody due to the
withdrawal of our advisory fees from a client account, we will ensure our fee is deducted through a
qualified, unaffiliated custodian (Charles Schwab & Co., Inc.).
Custody is also disclosed in Form ADV because CGN Advisors, LLC has authority to transfer money from
client account(s), which constitutes a standing letter of authorization (SLOA). Accordingly, CGN Advisors,
LLC will follow the safeguards specified by the SEC rather than undergo an annual audit.
Neither the firm nor any associate will take physical possession of client funds or securities.
Your funds and securities will be maintained by an unaffiliated, qualified custodian, such as a bank,
broker/dealer, mutual fund companies, or transfer agent. Your assets are not held by our firm or any of
our associates
You will be provided with transaction confirmations and summary account statements provided directly
to you by your selected service provider. Typically, these statements are provided on a monthly or
quarterly basis, or as transactions occur. We will not create a statement for you nor be the sole
recipient of account statements.
You may receive periodic reports from our firm that may include investment performance information.
You are urged to carefully review and compare your account statements that you have received directly
from your service provider with any report you receive from our firm.
Item 16 – Investment Discretion
We provide our various forms of investment advisory services (as described in Item 4) under either
discretionary or non-discretionary account authority, and as determined by your written engagement
agreement. Non-discretionary account authority will no longer be offered to new clients.
Similar to a limited power of attorney, discretionary authority allows our firm to implement investment
decisions, such as the purchase or sale of a security on behalf of your account, without requiring your
prior authorization for each transaction in order to meet your stated account objectives.
Should you prefer your account to be managed in a non-discretionary manner, your prior approval must
be made for each transaction with regard to the investment and reinvestment of account assets or for
the firm to give instructions to the service provider maintaining your account. The service provider will
specifically limit the firm’s authority in the account to the placement of trade orders and the deduction
of advisory fees. In light of the requirement for your pre-approval, you must make yourself available
and keep us updated on your contact information so that instructions can be efficiently affected on your
behalf.
We will retain information about all client account directions, limitations and rescissions that are
reviewed and approved by a supervisory principal with our firm.
Form ADV Part 2A – April 2025
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Item 17 – Voting Client Securities
Proxy Voting
In accordance with its fiduciary duty to clients and Rule 206(4)-6 of the Investment Advisers Act, we
have adopted and implemented written policies and procedures governing the voting of client proxies.
All proxies that the firm receives will be treated in accordance with these policies and procedures. For
certain centrally-managed portfolios and certain overlay managed portfolios, along with client
delegation via custodial forms, we will vote proxies for the client. Otherwise, the client or their named
fiduciaries retain the right and obligation to vote any proxies relating to the securities held in the
Account to the extent consistent with applicable law; provided, however, that the client or their named
fiduciaries may delegate such rights and obligations to any properly authorized agent. We will not take
any action or render any advice with respect to the voting of proxies solicited by, or with respect to, the
issuers of any securities held in an account, except as described above or to the extent otherwise
required by law.
The firm has engaged the services of Broadridge’s ProxyEdge platform to vote and maintain records of
all assigned proxies. Our complete proxy voting policy, procedures, and those of its proxy voting service
providers, are available for client review. In addition, our complete proxy voting record is available to
our clients, and only to our clients. Clients should contact the firm at the phone number on the front of
this document if they have any questions or if they would like to review any of these documents.
Other Corporate Actions
We will have no power, authority, responsibility, or obligation to take any action with regard to any
claim or potential claim in any bankruptcy proceeding, class action securities litigation or other litigation
or proceeding relating to securities held at any time in a client account, including, without limitation, to
file proofs of claim or other documents related to such proceeding, or to investigate, initiate, supervise
or monitor class action or other litigation involving client assets.
Receipt of Materials
You may receive proxies or other similar solicitations sent directly from your selected custodian or
transfer agent. Should we receive a duplicate copy, note that we do not generally forward these or any
correspondence relating to the voting of your securities, class action litigation, or other corporate
actions.
Item 18 - Financial Information
Balance Sheet
With the exception of our having the ability to withdraw our advisory fees through the services of a
qualified, unaffiliated third party (i.e., custodian) and per your prior written authorization (as described
in Item 15), we will not have custody of your assets. This includes our policy of not collecting fees from
you of $1,200 or more for services we will perform six months or more in advance.
Due to the nature of our firm’s services and operational practices, an audited balance sheet is not
required nor included in this brochure.
Form ADV Part 2A – April 2025
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Financial Conditions Reasonably Likely to Impair Advisory Firm's Ability to Meet Commitments to Clients
The firm and its management do not have a financial condition likely to impair our ability to meet our
commitment to our clients.
Bankruptcy Petitions during the Past 10 Years
The firm and its management have not been the subject of a bankruptcy petition at any time during the
past 10 years.
Form ADV Part 2A – April 2025
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