Overview
Assets Under Management: $329 million
Headquarters: TAMPA, FL
High-Net-Worth Clients: 126
Average Client Assets: $2 million
Services Offered
Services: Financial Planning, Portfolio Management for Individuals
Fee Structure
Primary Fee Schedule (CODE WAETCHTER ADV PART 2A)
| Min | Max | Marginal Fee Rate |
|---|---|---|
| $0 | $1,000,000 | 0.95% |
| $1,000,001 | $2,000,000 | 0.80% |
| $2,000,001 | $3,000,000 | 0.70% |
| $3,000,001 | $4,000,000 | 0.60% |
| $4,000,001 | $5,000,000 | 0.50% |
| $5,000,001 | and above | 0.35% |
Illustrative Fee Rates
| Total Assets | Annual Fees | Average Fee Rate |
|---|---|---|
| $1 million | $9,500 | 0.95% |
| $5 million | $35,500 | 0.71% |
| $10 million | $53,000 | 0.53% |
| $50 million | $193,000 | 0.39% |
| $100 million | $368,000 | 0.37% |
Clients
Number of High-Net-Worth Clients: 126
Percentage of Firm Assets Belonging to High-Net-Worth Clients: 85.95
Average High-Net-Worth Client Assets: $2 million
Total Client Accounts: 1,012
Discretionary Accounts: 1,012
Regulatory Filings
CRD Number: 289372
Last Filing Date: 2025-02-06 00:00:00
Website: https://swayzellc.com
Form ADV Documents
Primary Brochure: CODE WAETCHTER ADV PART 2A (2025-07-23)
View Document Text
ITEM 1:
COVER SHEET
FORM ADV PART 2A INFORMATIONAL BROCHURE
4890 W. Kennedy Blvd., Suite 680
Tampa, FL 33609
(813) 287-8775
July 23, 2025
This brochure provides information about the qualifications and business practices of Code Waechter LLC.
If you have any questions about the contents of this brochure, please contact us at (813) 287-8775. The
information in this brochure has not been approved or verified by the United States Securities and Exchange
Commission or by any state securities authority. Our registration does not imply a certain level of skill or
training.
Additional information about Code Waechter LLC (CRD# 289372) is also available on the SEC’s website at
www.adviserinfo.sec.gov.
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ITEM 2:
STATEMENT OF MATERIAL CHANGES
Code Waechter LLC is required to disclose any material changes to this ADV Part 2A here in Item 2.
As of July 1, 2025 the principal place of business for Code Waechter LLC has changed to 4890 W. Kennedy Blvd.,
Suite 680, Tampa, Florida 33609.
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ITEM 3:
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Item 1: Cover Sheet ......................................................................................................................................................... 1
Item 2: Statement of Material Changes ........................................................................................................................ 2
Item 3: Table of Contents .............................................................................................................................................. 3
Item 4: Advisory Business .............................................................................................................................................. 4
Item 5: Fees and Compensation .................................................................................................................................... 5
Item 6: Performance-Based Fees................................................................................................................................... 7
Item 7: Types of Clients .................................................................................................................................................. 7
Item 8: Methods of Analysis, Investment Strategies and Risk of Loss ................................................................... 7
Item 9: Disciplinary Information ................................................................................................................................ 11
Item 10: Other Financial Industry Activities and Affiliations .................................................................................. 11
Item 11: Code of Ethics, Participation or Interest in Client Transactions and Personal Trading ...................... 12
Item 12: Brokerage Practices .......................................................................................................................................... 12
Item 13: Review of Accounts ......................................................................................................................................... 14
Item 14: Client Referrals and Other Compensation .................................................................................................. 14
Item 15: Custody .............................................................................................................................................................. 15
Item 16: Investment Discretion ..................................................................................................................................... 15
Item 17: Voting Client Securities ................................................................................................................................... 15
Item 18: Financial Information ...................................................................................................................................... 16
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INFORMATIONAL BROCHURE
CODE WAECHTER LLC
ITEM 4:
ADVISORY BUSINESS
Code Waechter LLC (“CW”) has been in business since August of 2017. Brian Code has been working in
the financial services industry for over forty years working with clients to create long term financial plans.
Brian Code, Scott Waechter, and Jordan Code have worked together as a team for over a decade providing
clients with investment management and financial planning services.
At CW we take the time to educate ourselves in multiple facets of what goes into constructing a financial
plan, and how to successfully implement it. We believe our extensive knowledge of the industry and what it
takes to develop an effective plan provides a unique approach to managing our clients’ financial lives. Having
multiple Certified Financial Planners™ at the firm encourages us to hold ourselves to a higher standard and
continually work with clients to reach their goals and objectives, no matter what stage of life they are in.
Financial Planning
CW’s planning process begins with a meeting where we extensively inform the client of the value of the
services we provide. Next there will be discovery meeting where time is taken to gather information,
understand client expectations and determine the right fit for pursuing a working relationship. The next
meeting will be spent analyzing information such as cash flow, expenses, how much a client is saving, and
how they should be saving it. The process continues with the development of a blueprint for a continued
team effort to manage ongoing plan execution, as well as continued meetings as often as every quarter. CW
also utilizes a different level of planning for clients in the early stages of their professional life. This level may
be less extensive than our typical financial planning arrangements.
The plan is intended to be a suggested blueprint of how to meet your goals. Not every plan will be the same
for every client. Each one is specific to the client who requested it. Because the plan is based on information
supplied by you, it is very important that you accurately and completely communicate to us the information
we need. Also, your circumstances and needs may change as your engagement with us progresses. It is very
important that you continually update us with any changes so that if the updates require changes to your plan,
we can make those changes. Otherwise, your plan may no longer be accurate.
Once you have your financial plan, the decision is yours how to implement it. If you decide to implement
your financial plan through CW, you will become an asset management client.
Asset Management
When we perform asset management services, we will do so on a discretionary basis. This means that while
we continue an ongoing relationship with each client, being involved in various stages of their lives and
decisions to be made, we will not seek specific approval of changes to client accounts. Because we take
discretion when managing accounts, clients engaging us will be asked to execute a Limited Power of Attorney
(granting us the discretionary authority over the client accounts) as well as an agreement that outlines the
responsibilities of both the client and CW.
In most cases, CW will have a financial plan to guide these decisions to ensure they are within the client’s
investment objectives. In the event that a financial plan is not in place, we will gather client investment
objectives and financial information through client dialogue and from there provide a deliverable to the client
recapping the information gathered for investment purposes. Advisory services are tailored to the specific
needs of an individual client. Clients may place reasonable restrictions on the management of assets, including
specific securities or types of securities. However, clients should understand that significant restrictions
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cannot only decrease the ability of CW to meet the client’s goals, but also increase the costs associated with
managing the client’s portfolio.
In limited circumstances, we may provide asset management services on a non-discretionary basis, which
means we will manage the clients’ accounts as we do for our discretionary clients, except we will consult with
the client prior to implementing any investment recommendation. Clients should be aware that some
recommendations may be time-sensitive, in which case recommendations not implemented because we are
unable to reach a non-discretionary client may not be made on a timely basis and therefore client’s account
may not perform as well as it would have had CW been able to reach the client for a consultation on the
recommendation.
Assets under Management
As of January 6, 2025, CW has $329,453,529 total assets under management, all managed on a discretionary
basis.
ITEM 5:
FEES AND COMPENSATION
A.
Fees Charged
All investment management clients will be required to execute an Investment Management Agreement that
will describe the type of management services to be provided and the fees, among other items. Clients are
advised that they may pay fees that are higher or lower than fees they may pay another advisor for the same
services. Clients are under no obligation at any time to engage or to continue to engage CW for investment
services. If you do not receive a copy of this brochure at least 48 hours prior to the execution of an
Agreement, you may terminate the agreement within the first five (5) business days without penalty.
Financial Planning
In circumstances when financial planning is done on a stand-alone basis or when the account minimum is not
met, the fees charged for financial planning are based on the fee agreed upon by the adviser and client. The
arrangement is typically provided on a fixed fee basis, and the fixed fees will range from $750 to $6,000.
Financial planning fees are negotiable and can be waived in the sole discretion of CW. These fees are
dependent on the nature of the engagement and are decided upon on a case-by-case basis.
Asset Management
The asset management fee percentage is applied to each tier of assets as indicated below:
Assets Under Management
Annual Rate
$0-1,000,000
0.95%
$1,000,001-2,000,000
0.80%
$2,000,001-3,000,000
0.70%
$3,000,001-4,000,000
0.60%
$4,000,001-5,000,000
0.50%
$5,000,001 and above
0.35%
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Each tier of assets is charged the corresponding annual advisory fee divided by the number of days in the year
and multiplied by the number of days in the billing period.
For example, if you have assets of $1,500,000 then the first $500,000 would incur a fee of $0.95% divided by
the number of days in the year and multiplied by the number of days in the billing period, the next $500,000
would incur a fee of 0.90% divided by the number of days in the year and multiplied by the number of days
in the billing period, and the final $500,000 would incur a fee of 0.65% divided by the number of days in the
year and multiplied by the number of days in the billing period. The total of each tier is then added together
for the total amount deducted from the account. Asset management fees are negotiable in the sole discretion
of CW.
B.
Fee Payment
Financial Planning:
At the discretion of CW, the anticipated financial planning fee may be paid monthly, as well as in advance for
the annual amount. In the event the fee is paid monthly or in advance, CW would prefer it be paid by an
auto credit card payment, but this form of payment is not required. Clients whose fees are debited from their
bank accounts using the automated payment service will provide written consent to AdvicePay to debit their
bank accounts or credit cards for the amount of the fee due to CW. AdvicePay will then pay the funds to
CW. CW will not have the ability to directly access the client funds in the bank account.
Asset Management:
For clients whose assets are managed by the firm, investment advisory fees will be debited directly from each
client’s account. The advisory fee is paid monthly, in arrears, and the value used for the fee calculation is the
average daily balance of the account for the previous month. The average daily balance is the sum of your
balance on each day of the previous month divided by the number of days during that month. To the extent
there is cash in your account, it will be included in the value for the purpose of calculating fees only if the
cash is part of an investment strategy. Once the calculation is made, we will instruct your account custodian
via written notice to deduct the fee from your account and remit it to CW.
Clients whose fees are directly debited will provide written authorization to debit advisory fees from their
accounts held by a qualified custodian chosen by the client. Each quarter, clients will receive a bill itemizing
the fees to be debited, including the formula used to calculate the fee, the amount of assets upon which the
fee is based, and the time period covered by the fee. The invoice will also state that the fee was not
independently calculated by the custodian. The client will also receive a statement from their account
custodian showing all transactions in their account, including the fee.
C.
Other Fees
There are a number of other fees that can be associated with holding and investing in securities. You will be
responsible for fees including transaction fees for the purchase or sale of a mutual fund or Exchange Traded
Fund, or commissions for the purchase or sale of a stock. Expenses of a fund will not be included in
management fees, as they are deducted from the value of the shares by the mutual fund manager. For
complete discussion of expenses related to each mutual fund, you should read a copy of the prospectus issued
by that fund. CW can provide or direct you to a copy of the prospectus for any fund that we recommend to
you. Any fees paid to third party managers are separate from, and in addition to, fees paid to CW.
Please make sure to read Item 12 of this informational brochure, where we discuss broker-dealer and custodial
issues.
D.
Pro-rata Fees
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If you become a client during a billing period, you will pay a management fee for the number of days left in
that billing period. If you terminate our relationship during a billing period, you will be responsible for the
payment of management fees for the portion of the billing period during which you were a client. Once your
notice of termination is received, we will assess pro-rated fees for the number of days between the end of the
prior billing period and the date of termination to be paid in whatever way you direct (check, wire). CW will
cease to perform services, including processing trades and distributions, upon termination. Assets not
transferred from terminated accounts within 30 (thirty) days of termination may be “de-linked”, meaning they
will no longer be visible to CW and will become a retail account with the custodian.
E.
Compensation for the Sale of Securities.
This item is not applicable.
ITEM 6:
PERFORMANCE-BASED FEES
CW will not charge performance-based fees.
ITEM 7:
TYPES OF CLIENTS
Clients advised may include individuals, families, trusts, and charitable organizations and foundations,
pensions and corporations. CW requires each client to place at least $500,000 with the firm. This minimum
may be waived at the discretion of CW.
ITEM 8:
METHODS OF ANALYSIS, INVESTMENT STRATEGIES AND RISK OF LOSS
It is important for you to know and remember that all investments carry risks. Investing in securities
involves risk of loss that clients should be prepared to bear.
Each client’s portfolio will be invested according to that client’s investment objectives, which are typically
ascertained through the financial planning process for those clients who were introduced to the firm and
began with such services. For other clients, information regarding investment objectives will be obtained
through client interviews and documents provided by the client. Once we ascertain your objectives for each
account, we will develop a set of asset allocation guidelines, and client assets will be invested in one or a
combination of our proprietary investment models. Using fundamental analysis, we base our conclusions on
predominantly publicly available research, such as regulatory filings, press releases, competitor analyses, and
in some cases research we receive from our custodian or other market analyses.
We may periodically recommend changes to the investment strategies and client portfolios to meet the
guidelines of the asset allocation for the program or an individual client’s objectives. It is important to
remember that because market conditions can vary greatly, your asset allocation guidelines are not necessarily
strict rules. Rather, we review accounts individually, and may deviate from the guidelines as we believe
necessary. We may utilize both active and passive portfolios depending on the client’s objectives.
There are no limits to the types of securities that may be placed in a strategy, or that CW may evaluate for a
client or for inclusion in a strategy. However, investments most typically include exchange traded funds
(ETFs), mutual funds, individual stocks and bonds.
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When CW makes changes to an investment strategy, these changes may not be made simultaneously. Rather,
some accounts may be modified before others. This may result in accounts being traded earlier inadvertently
having an advantage over accounts traded later or vice versa.
Third Party Managers
In some circumstances, CW can utilize other managers to assist in the management of client assets. These
managers are selected by CW after a process whereby CW evaluates each manager’s investment performance,
operations, and offerings to determine if the manager would be a fit for CW clients. This process continues
on an ongoing basis, throughout the time the client works with the third-party manager. It is important to
remember that any fees paid to these managers are separate from, and in addition to, fees paid to CW.
Risk of Loss
There are always risks to investing. Clients should be aware that all investments carry various types of
risk including the potential loss of principal that clients should be prepared to bear. It is impossible
to name all possible types of risks. Among the risks are the following:
Political Risks. Most investments have a global component, even domestic stocks. Political events
anywhere in the world may have unforeseen consequences to markets around the world.
General Market Risks. Markets can, as a whole, go up or down on various news releases or for no
understandable reason at all. This sometimes means that the price of specific securities could go up or down
without real reason and may take some time to recover any lost value. Adding additional securities does not
help to minimize this risk since all securities may be affected by market fluctuations.
Currency Risk. When investing in another country using another currency, the changes in the value of
the currency can change the value of your security value in your portfolio.
Regulatory Risk. Changes in laws and regulations from any government can change the value of a given
company and its accompanying securities. Certain industries are more susceptible to government regulation.
Changes in zoning, tax structure or laws impact the return on these investments.
Tax Risks Related to Short Term Trading: Clients should note that CW may engage in short-term
trading transactions. These transactions may result in short term gains or losses for federal and state tax
purposes, which may be taxed at a higher rate than long term strategies. CW endeavors to invest client assets
in a tax efficient manner, but all clients are advised to consult with their tax professionals regarding the
transactions in client accounts.
Purchasing Power Risk. Purchasing power risk is the risk that your investment’s value will decline as
the price of goods rises (inflation). The investment’s value itself does not decline, but its relative value does,
which is the same thing. Inflation can happen for a variety of complex reasons, including a growing economy
and a rising money supply.
Business Risk. This can be thought of as certainty or uncertainty of income. Management comes under
business risk. Cyclical companies (like automobile companies) have more business risk because of the less
steady income stream. On the other hand, fast food chains tend to have steadier income streams and therefore,
less business risk.
Financial Risk. The amount of debt or leverage determines the financial risk of a company.
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Default Risk. This risk pertains to the ability of a company to service their debt. Ratings provided by
several rating services help to identify those companies with more risk. Obligations of the U.S. government
are said to be free of default risk.
Margin Risk. “Margin” is a tool used to maximize returns on a given investment by using securities in
a client account as collateral for a loan from the custodian to the client. The proceeds of that loan are then
used to buy more securities. Margin carries a higher degree of risk than investing without margin.
Risks specific to private placements, sub-advisors and other managers. If we invest some of your
assets with another advisor, including a private placement, there are additional risks. These include risks that
the other manager is not as qualified as we believe them to be, that the investments they use are not as liquid
as we would normally use in your portfolio, or that their risk management guidelines are more liberal than we
would normally employ.
Information Risk. All investment professionals rely on research in order to make conclusions about
investment options. This research is always a mix of both internal (proprietary) and external (provided by
third parties) data and analyses. Even an adviser who says they rely solely on proprietary research must still
collect data from third parties. This data, or outside research is chosen for its perceived reliability, but there
is no guarantee that the data or research will be completely accurate. Failure in data accuracy or research will
translate to a compromised ability by the adviser to reach satisfactory investment conclusions.
Small Companies. Some investment opportunities in the marketplace involve smaller issuers. These
companies may be starting up or are historically small. While these companies sometimes have potential for
outsized returns, they also have the potential for losses because the reasons the company is small are also
risks to the company’s future. For example, a company’s management may lack experience, or the company’s
capital for growth may be restricted. These small companies also tend to trade less frequently than larger
companies, which can add to the risks associated with their securities because the ability to sell them at an
appropriate price may be limited as compared to the markets as a whole. Not only do these companies have
investment risk, if a client is invested in such small companies and requests immediate or short-term liquidity,
these securities may require a significant discount to value in order to be sold in a shorter time frame.
Concentration Risk. While CW selects individual securities, including mutual funds, for client portfolios
based on an individualized assessment of each security, this evaluation comes without an overlay of general
economic or sector specific issue analysis. This means that a client’s equity portfolio may be concentrated in
a specific sector, geography, or sub-sector (among other types of potential concentrations), so that if an
unexpected event occurs that affects that specific sector or geography, for example, the client’s equity
portfolio may be affected negatively, including significant losses.
Transition Risk. As assets are transitioned from a client’s prior advisers to CW there may be securities
and other investments that do not fit within the asset allocation strategy selected for the client. Accordingly,
these investments will need to be sold in order to reposition the portfolio into the asset allocation strategy
selected by CW. However, this transition process may take some time to accomplish. Some investments may
not be unwound for a lengthy period of time for a variety of reasons that may include unwarranted low share
prices, restrictions on trading, contractual restrictions on liquidity, or market-related liquidity concerns. In
some cases, there may be securities or investments that are never able to be sold. The inability to transition
a client's holdings into recommendations of CW may adversely affect the client's account values, as CW’s
recommendations may not be able to be fully implemented.
Restriction Risk. Clients may at all times place reasonable restrictions on the management of their
accounts. However, placing these restrictions may make managing the accounts more difficult, thus lowering
the potential for returns.
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Risks Related to Investment Term & Liquidity. Securities do not follow a straight line up in value.
All securities will have periods of time when the current price of the security is not an accurate measure of its
value. If you require us to liquidate your portfolio during one of these periods, you will not realize as much
value as you would have had the investment had the opportunity to regain its value. Further, some
investments are made with the intention of the investment appreciating over an extended period of time.
Liquidating these investments prior to their intended time horizon may result in losses.
REITs: In limited circumstances, CW may recommend that portions of client portfolios be allocated to
real estate investment trusts, otherwise known as “REITs”. A REIT is an entity, typically a trust or
corporation, that accepts investments from a number of investors, pools the money, and then uses that money
to invest in real estate through either actual property purchases or mortgage loans. While there are some
benefits to owning REITs, which include potential tax benefits, income and the relatively low barrier to invest
in real estate as compared to directly investing in real estate, REITs also have some increased risks as
compared to more traditional investments such as stocks, bonds, and mutual funds. First, real estate investing
can be highly volatile. Second, the specific REIT chosen may have a focus such as commercial real estate or
real estate in a given location. Such investment focus can be beneficial if the properties are successful but
lose significant principal if the properties are not successful. REITs may also employ significant leverage for
the purpose of purchasing more investments with fewer investment dollars, which can enhance returns but
also enhances the risk of loss. The success of a REIT is highly dependent upon the manager of the REIT.
Clients should ensure they understand the role of the REIT in their portfolio.
MLPs: CW may recommend that portions of client portfolios be allocated to master limited
partnerships, otherwise known as “MLPs”. An MLP is a publicly traded entity that is designed to provide tax
benefits for the investor. In order to preserve these benefits, the MLP must derive most, if not all, of its
income from real estate, natural resources and commodities. While MLPs may add diversification and tax
favored treatment to a client’s portfolio, they also carry significant risks beyond more traditional investments
such as stocks, bonds and mutual funds. One such risk is management risk-the success of the MLP is
dependent upon the manager’s experience and judgment in selecting investments for the MLP. Another risk
is the governance structure, which means the rules under which the entity is run. The investors are the limited
partners of the MLP, with an affiliate of the manager typically the general partner. This means the manager
has all of the control in running the entity, as opposed to an equity investment where shareholders vote on
such matters as board composition. There is also a significant amount of risk with the underlying real estate,
resources or commodities investments. Clients should ask CW any questions regarding the role of MLPs in
their portfolio.
International Investing: Investing outside of the United States, especially in emerging markets, can
have special or enhanced risks. The most obvious are political risk (changes in local politics can have a vast
impact on the markets in that country as well as regulations affecting given issuers) and currency risk (changes
in exchange rates between the dollar and the local denominations can materially affect the value of the security
even if the underlying fundamentals and market price are stagnant). There are other risks, including enhanced
liquidity risk, meaning that while domestic equities and mutual funds are generally easily liquidated (though
there may be a risk of loss due to the timing of the sale), equities in other jurisdictions may be subject to the
circumstances of lower overall market volume and fewer companies on an emerging exchange. In addition,
there may be less information and less transparency in a foreign market or from a foreign company. Foreign
markets impose different rules than domestic markets, which may not be to an investor's advantage. Also,
companies in foreign jurisdictions are generally able to avail themselves of local laws and venues, meaning
that legal remedies for U.S. investors may not be as easily obtained as in the U.S.
Excess Cash Balance Risk: Client accounts may have cash balances in excess of $250,000, which is
the insurance limit of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. For cash balances in excess of that amount,
there is an enhanced risk that operation related counterparty risk related to the account custodian could cause
losses in the account. We mitigate this risk by carrying cash balances in amounts either subject to protection
or as limited as you, the client, directs. You may elect to participate in a “cash sweep” program through your
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account custodian which automatically moves excess cash from your investment account into a cash account
and then invests that cash into cash-based investments, such as money market funds. We do not receive
compensation of any kind for facilitating your participation in such cash sweep accounts.
ITEM 9:
DISCIPLINARY INFORMATION
There are no disciplinary items to report.
ITEM 10:
OTHER FINANCIAL INDUSTRY ACTIVITIES AND AFFILIATIONS
A. Broker-dealer
None of the principals of CW, nor any related persons are registered, or have an application pending to
register, as a broker dealer or as an associated person of the foregoing entities.
B. Futures Commission Merchant/Commodity Trading Advisor
Neither the principals of CW, nor any related persons are registered, or have an application pending to
register, as a futures commission merchant, commodity pool operator, a commodity trading advisor, or
an associated person of the foregoing entities.
C. Relationship with Related Persons
Certain professionals of CW are separately licensed as independent insurance agents. As such, these
professionals may conduct insurance product transactions for CW clients, in their capacity as licensed
insurance agents, and will receive customary commissions for these transactions in addition to any
compensation received in his capacity as employees of CW. Commissions from the sale of insurance
products will not be used to offset or as a credit against advisory fees. These professionals therefore have
incentive to recommend insurance products based on the compensation to be received, rather than on a
client’s needs. The receipt of additional fees for insurance commissions is therefore a conflict of interest,
and clients should be aware of this conflict when considering whether to engage CW or utilize these
professionals to implement any insurance recommendations. CW attempts to mitigate this conflict of
interest by disclosing the conflict to clients and informing the clients that they are always free to purchase
insurance products through other agents that are not affiliated with CW, or to determine not to purchase
the insurance product at all. CW also attempts to mitigate the conflict of interest by requiring employees
to acknowledge in the firm’s Code of Ethics, their individual fiduciary duty to the clients of CW, which
requires that employees put the interests of clients ahead of their own.
CW also assists business owners from time to time in implementing benefits that help them attract and
retain employees. Examples of these benefits (but not limited to) are group sponsored health insurance,
dental insurance, life insurance, long and/or short-term disability income insurance, and vision insurance.
CW can assist businesses in offering their employees’ voluntary benefits as well. CW would then be
compensated directly in the form a service fee/commission from the insurance carrier issuing the
product.
D. Recommendations of other Advisers
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CW occasionally recommends other advisers, but in no event will CW receive any compensation, directly
or indirectly from those advisors. For more information regarding CW use of third-party managers, please
see response to Item 8 for a full discussion.
ITEM 11:
CODE OF ETHICS, PARTICIPATION OR INTEREST IN CLIENT TRANSACTIONS AND
PERSONAL TRADING
A copy of our Code of Ethics is available upon request. Our Code of Ethics includes discussions of
A.
our fiduciary duty to clients, political contributions, gifts, entertainment, and trading guidelines.
Not applicable. CW does not recommend to clients that they invest in any security in which CW, or
B.
any principal thereof has any financial interest.
C.
On occasion, an employee of CW may purchase for his or her own account securities which are also
recommended for clients. Our Code of Ethics details rules for employees regarding personal trading and
avoiding conflicts of interest related to trading in one’s own account. To avoid placing a trade before a client
(in the case of a purchase) or after a client (in the case of a sale), all employee trades are reviewed by the
Compliance Officer. All employee trades must either take place in the same block as a client trade or
sufficiently apart in time from the client trade, so the employee receives no added benefit. Employee
statements are reviewed to confirm compliance with the trading procedures.
D.
On occasion, an employee of CW may purchase for his or her own account securities which are also
recommended for clients at the same time the clients purchase the securities. Our Code of Ethics details
rules for employees regarding personal trading and avoiding conflicts of interest related to trading in one’s
own account. To avoid placing a trade before a client (in the case of a purchase) or after a client (in the case
of a sale), all employee trades are reviewed by the Compliance Officer. All employee trades must either take
place in the same block as a client trade or sufficiently apart in time from the client trade, so the employee
receives no added benefit. Employee statements are reviewed to confirm compliance with the trading
procedures.
ITEM 12:
BROKERAGE PRACTICES
A.
Recommendation of Broker-Dealer
CW does not maintain custody of client assets, though CW may be deemed to have custody if a client grants
CW authority to debit fees directly from their account (see Item 15 below). Assets will be held with a qualified
custodian, which is typically a bank or broker-dealer. CW recommends that investment accounts be held in
custody by Schwab Advisor Services (“Schwab”), which is a qualified custodian. CW is independently owned
and operated and is not affiliated with Schwab. Schwab will hold your assets in a brokerage account and buy
and sell securities when CW instructs them to, which CW does in accordance with its agreement with you.
While CW recommends that you use Schwab as custodian/broker, you will decide whether to do so and will
open your account with Schwab by entering into an account agreement directly with them. CW does not open
the account for you, although CW may assist you in doing so. Even though your account is maintained at
Schwab, we can still use other brokers to execute trades for your account as described below (see “Your
brokerage and custody costs”).
How we select brokers/custodians
We seek to recommend a custodian/broker that will hold your assets and execute transactions on terms that
are, overall, most advantageous when compared with other available providers and their services. We consider
a wide range of factors, including both quantitative (ex: costs) and qualitative (execution, reputation, service)
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factors. We do not consider whether Schwab or any other broker-dealer/custodian, refers clients to CW as
part of our evaluation of these broker-dealers.
Your brokerage and custody costs
For our clients’ accounts that Schwab maintains, Schwab generally does not charge you separately for custody
services but is compensated by charging you commissions or other fees on trades that it executes or that settle
into your Schwab account. In addition to commissions, Schwab charges you a flat dollar amount as a “prime
broker” or “trade away” fee for each trade that we have executed by a different broker-dealer but where the
securities bought or the funds from the securities sold are deposited (settled) into your Schwab account. These
fees are in addition to the commissions or other compensation you pay the executing broker-dealer. Because
of this, in order to minimize your trading costs, we have Schwab execute most trades for your account. We
have determined that having Schwab execute most trades is consistent with our duty to seek “best execution”
of your trades. Best execution means the most favorable terms for a transaction based on all relevant factors,
including those listed above (see “How we select brokers/custodians”).
Products and services available to us from Schwab
Schwab Advisor Services™ (formerly called Schwab Institutional®) is Schwab’s business serving independent
investment advisory firms like CW. They provide CW and our clients with access to its institutional brokerage
services (trading, custody, reporting, and related services), many of which are not typically available to Schwab
retail customers. Schwab also makes available various support services. Some of those services help CW
manage or administer our clients’ accounts, while others help CW manage and grow our business. Schwab’s
support services are generally available on an unsolicited basis (we don’t have to request them) and at no
charge to CW. Following is a more detailed description of Schwab’s support services:
Services that benefit you.
Schwab’s institutional brokerage services include access to a broad range of investment products, execution
of securities transactions, and custody of client assets. The investment products available through Schwab
include some to which we might not otherwise have access or that would require a significantly higher
minimum initial investment by our clients. Schwab’s services described in this paragraph generally benefit you
and your account.
Services that may not directly benefit you.
Schwab also makes available to us other products and services that benefit us but may not directly benefit
you or your account. These products and services assist us in managing and administering our clients’
accounts. They include investment research, both Schwab’s own and that of third parties. We may use this
research to service all or a substantial number of our clients’ accounts, including accounts not maintained at
Schwab. In addition to investment research, Schwab also makes available software and other technology that:
• Provide access to client account data (such as duplicate trade confirmations and account statements)
• Facilitate trade execution and allocate aggregated trade orders for multiple client accounts
• Provide pricing and other market data
• Facilitate payment of our fees from our clients’ accounts
• Assist with back-office functions, recordkeeping, and client reporting
Services that generally benefit only us.
Schwab also offers other services intended to help us manage and further develop our business enterprise.
These services include:
• Educational conferences and events
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• Consulting on technology, compliance, legal, and business needs
• Publications and conferences on practice management and business succession
• Access to employee benefits providers, human capital consultants, and insurance providers
Schwab may provide some of these services itself. In other cases, it will arrange for third-party vendors to
provide the services to us. Schwab may also discount or waive its fees for some of these services or pay all or
a part of a third party’s fees. Schwab may also provide us with other benefits, such as occasional business
entertainment of our personnel.
Our interest in Schwab’s services
The availability of these services from Schwab benefits us because we do not have to produce or purchase
them. We don’t have to pay for Schwab’s services. These services are not contingent upon us committing any
specific amount of business to Schwab in trading commissions or assets in custody. We may have an incentive
to recommend that you maintain your account with Schwab, based on our interest in receiving Schwab’s
services that benefit our business rather than based on your interest in receiving the best value in custody
services and the most favorable execution of your transactions. This is a potential conflict of interest. We
believe, however, that our selection of Schwab as custodian and broker is in the best interests of our clients.
Our selection is primarily supported by the scope, quality, and price of Schwab’s services (see “How we select
brokers/ custodians”) and not Schwab’s services that benefit only us.
We do not consider whether Schwab or any other broker-dealer/custodian, refers clients to CW as part of
our evaluation of these broker-dealers.
B.
Aggregating Trades
Commission costs per client may be lower on a particular trade if all clients in whose accounts the trade is to
be made are executed at the same time. This is called aggregating trades. Instead of placing a number of
trades for the same security for each account, we will, when appropriate, executed one trade for all accounts
and then allocate the trades to each account after execution. If an aggregate trade is not fully executed, the
securities will be allocated to client accounts on a pro rata basis, except where doing so would create an
unintended adverse consequence (For example, if a pro rata division would result in a client receiving a fraction
of a share, or a position in the account of less than 1%.)
ITEM 13:
REVIEW OF ACCOUNTS
All accounts and corresponding financial plans will be managed on an ongoing basis, with formal reviews
with the client by a member of senior management, specifically the managing member, on at least an annual
basis. However, it is expected that market conditions, changes in a particular client’s account, or changes to
a client’s circumstances will trigger a review of accounts.
The annual report in writing will include information related to portfolio performance. Clients will receive
statements directly from their account custodian, as well as copies of all trade confirmations directly from
their account custodian. Clients will also receive a bill itemizing the fees to be debited, including the formula
used to calculate the fee, the amount of assets the fee is based, and the time period covered by the fee.
ITEM 14:
CLIENT REFERRALS AND OTHER COMPENSATION
A. Economic Benefit Provided by Third Parties for Advice Rendered to Client.
Please refer to Item 12, where we discuss recommendation of Broker-Dealers.
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B. Compensation to Non-Advisory Personnel for Client Referrals.
CW does not directly or indirectly compensate any person who is not advisory personnel for client
referrals.
ITEM 15:
CUSTODY
CW deducts fees from client accounts and by permitting clients to issue standing letters of authorization
(“SLOAs”). SLOAs permit a client to issue one document that directs CW to make distributions out of the
client’s account(s). CW does not have custody of client funds otherwise. Clients will receive statements
directly from their account custodian, as well as copies of all trade confirmations directly from their account
custodian.
Clients whose fees are directly debited will provide written authorization to debit advisory fees from their
accounts held by a qualified custodian chosen by the client. Each quarter, clients will receive a statement
from their account custodian showing all transactions in their account, including the fee. Clients will also
receive a bill itemizing the fees to be debited, including the formula used to calculate the fee, the amount of
assets the fee is based, and the time period covered by the fee. The invoice will also state that the fee was not
independently calculated by the custodian.
We encourage clients to carefully review the statements and confirmations sent to them by their custodian,
and to compare the information on your monthly report prepared by CW against the information in the
statements provided directly from their account custodian. Please alert us of any discrepancies.
ITEM 16:
INVESTMENT DISCRETION
When CW is engaged to provide asset management services on a discretionary basis, we will monitor your
accounts to ensure that they are meeting your asset allocation requirements. If any changes are needed to
your investments, we will make the changes. These changes may involve selling a security or group of
investments and buying others or keeping the proceeds in cash. You may at any time place restrictions on
the types of investments we may use on your behalf, or on the allocations to each security type. You may
receive at your request written or electronic confirmations from your account custodian after any changes are
made to your account. You will also receive monthly statements from your account custodian. Clients
engaging us on a discretionary basis will be asked to execute a Limited Power of Attorney (granting us the
discretionary authority over the client accounts) as well as an Investment Management Agreement that
outlines the responsibilities of both the client and CW.
ITEM 17:
VOTING CLIENT SECURITIES
Where CW has authority to vote proxies, CW will seek to vote proxies in the best interest of the client(s)
holding the applicable securities. In voting proxies, CW considers factors that CW believes relate to the
client’s investment(s) and factors, if any, that are set forth in written instructions from the client.
In general, CW believes that voting proxies in accordance with the following guidelines, with respect to such
routine items, is in the best interest of our clients. Accordingly, CW generally votes for:
The election of directors (where no corporate governance issues are implicated);
Proposals that strengthen the shared interests of shareholders and management;
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The selection of independent auditors based on management or director recommendation, unless a
conflict of interest is perceived;
Proposals that CW believes may lead to an increase in shareholder value;
Management recommendations adding or amending indemnification provisions in charter or by-laws;
and
Proposals that maintain or increase the rights of shareholders.
CW will generally vote against any proposals that CW believes will have a negative impact on shareholder
value or rights. If CW perceives a conflict of interest, CW’s policy is to notify affected clients so that they may
choose the course of action they deem most appropriate.
As stated earlier, CW’s goal is to vote proxies in the best interest of the client(s). To that end, CW has engaged
Broadridge Financial Solutions, Inc., a Voting Agent Service, to facilitate CW’s proxy voting service. A copy
of our complete policy, as well as records of proxies voted, is available to clients upon request. As required
under the Advisers Act, such records are maintained for a period of five (5) years.
ITEM 18:
FINANCIAL INFORMATION
CW does not require the prepayment of fees more than six (6) months or more in advance and therefore has
not provided a balance sheet with this brochure.
There are no material financial circumstances or conditions that would reasonably be expected to impair our
ability to meet our contractual obligations to our clients.
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