View Document Text
Collar Capital Management, LLC
100 West Lawrence Street, Suite 418
Appleton, WI 54911
Main Office Number: (920) 903-9540
Direct Office Number: (920) 830-1556
Firm Contact:
Patrick Collar, Chief Compliance Officer
Telephone: 920-830-1556
February 13, 2026
FORM ADV PART 2A
BROCHURE
This brochure provides information about the qualifications and business practices of Collar Capital
Management, LLC. If you have any questions about the contents of this brochure, contact us at (920)
830-1556 or by email patrick@collarcapital.com. The information in this brochure has not been
approved or verified by the United States Securities and Exchange Commission or by any state
securities authority.
Additional information about Collar Capital Management, LLC (CRD # 152325) is available on the
SEC's website at www.adviserinfo.sec.gov.
Collar Capital Management, LLC is a registered investment adviser. Registration with the United
States Securities and Exchange Commission or any state securities authority does not imply a certain
level of skill or training.
1
Item 2 Summary of Material Changes
Form ADV Part 2 requires registered investment advisers to amend their brochure when information
becomes materially inaccurate. If there are any material changes to an adviser's disclosure brochure,
the adviser is required to notify you and provide you with a description of the material changes.
Since the filing of our last annual updating amendment dated March 14, 2025, we have no material
changes to report.
2
Item 3 Table of Contents
Item 1 Cover Page
Item 2 Summary of Material Changes
Item 3 Table of Contents
Item 4 Advisory Business
Item 5 Fees and Compensation
Item 6 Performance-Based Fees and Side-By-Side Management
Item 7 Types of Clients
Item 8 Methods of Analysis, Investment Strategies and Risk of Loss
Item 9 Disciplinary Information
Item 10 Other Financial Industry Activities and Affiliations
Item 11 Code of Ethics, Participation or Interest in Client Transactions and Personal Trading
Item 12 Brokerage Practices
Item 13 Review of Accounts
Item 14 Client Referrals and Other Compensation
Item 15 Custody
Item 16 Investment Discretion
Item 17 Voting Client Securities
Item 18 Financial Information
Page 1
Page 2
Page 3
Page 4
Page 5
Page 7
Page 7
Page 7
Page 14
Page 14
Page 14
Page 15
Page 17
Page 18
Page 19
Page 19
Page 19
Page 20
3
Item 4 Advisory Business
We are dedicated to providing individuals and other types of clients with a wide array of investment
advisory services. Our firm is a limited liability company formed in the State of Wisconsin. Our firm has
been in business as an investment adviser since 2009 and is solely owned by Patrick Collar.
Description of the Types of Advisory Services We Offer
Asset Management:
Collar Capital Management, LLC engages in continuous and regular account supervision. As part of
our Asset Management service, we will create a portfolio, consisting of individual stocks or bonds,
exchange traded funds ("ETFs"), closed-end funds, digital assets and when appropriate, we will utilize
options for the purposes of hedging and occasionally speculation. Mutual funds may be transferred into
a client's account and held; however, we do not open new positions in mutual funds. Collar Capital
Management, LLC does not invest in private securities in any client accounts. Each client's individual
investment strategy is tailored to their specific needs and may include some or all of the previously
mentioned securities. Each portfolio will be initially designed to meet a particular investment goal,
which we determine to be suitable to the client's circumstances. Once the appropriate portfolio has
been determined, we review the portfolio daily and if necessary, rebalance the portfolio based upon the
client's individual needs, stated goals and objectives. Each client has the opportunity to place
reasonable restrictions on the types of investments to be held in the portfolio.
Our asset management advisory service includes access to financial planning support designed to
help clients evaluate their broader financial goals. Financial planning is integrated into the advisory
process and provided at no additional cost.
Pension Consultations:
We provide Pension Consulting services to employer plan sponsors on a one-time or ongoing basis.
Generally, such Pension Consulting services consist of assisting employer plan sponsors in
establishing, monitoring and reviewing their company's participant-directed retirement plan. As the
needs of the plan sponsor dictate, areas of advising could include: investment options, plan structure
and participant education.
The Client may be required to complete a questionnaire to assist the Adviser in formulating the Client's
Pension Consulting objectives. Copies of certain Client documents may be requested by the Adviser to
assist in conducting a more complete evaluation of the Client's Pension Consulting objectives and to
prepare a pension plan.
All Pension Consulting services shall be in compliance with the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, rules
and regulations thereunder, and applicable federal law(s) regulating the services provided by this
agreement. This section applies to an Account that is a pension or other employee benefit plan (a
"Plan") governed by the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended ("ERISA"). If
the account is part of a Plan and we accept appointments to provide Adviser's services to such
account, Adviser acknowledges that it is a fiduciary within the meaning of Section 3(21) of
ERISA. Client represents that (i) Adviser's appointment and services are consistent with the Plan
documents, (ii) Client has furnished Adviser true and complete copies of all documents establishing
and governing the Plan and evidencing your authority to retain Adviser. Client further represents that
he/she/it will promptly furnish Adviser with any amendments to the Plan, and Client agrees that, if any
4
amendment affects our rights or obligations, such amendment will be binding on Adviser only with our
prior written consent. If the account contains only a part of the assets of the Plan, Client understand
that Adviser will have no responsibilities for the diversification of all the Plan's investments, and Adviser
will have no duty, responsibility or liability for the assets that are not in the account. If ERISA or other
applicable law requires bonding with respect to the assets in the account, Client will obtain and
maintain at his/her/its expense bonding that satisfies this requirement and covers Adviser and any of
our affiliates.
Newsletters:
Adviser may provide newsletters to its advisory clients without a separate fee.
Tailoring of Advisory Services
We offer individualized investment advice to clients that is tailored to meet our clients' needs and
investment objectives. Once you have retained our firm for services, we will gather information about
your financial situation and objectives, and assist you in determining your investment goals, objectives,
risk tolerance, and retirement plan time horizon. We will initially provide you with recommendations as
to how to allocate your investments among categories of assets.
Each client has the opportunity to place reasonable restrictions on the types of investments to be held
in the portfolio. Restrictions on investments in certain securities or types of securities may not be
possible due to the level of difficulty this would entail in managing the account. Restrictions would be
limited to our Asset Management service. We do not manage assets through our other services.
While the firm will endeavor at all times to offer clients its specialized services at reasonable costs, the
fees charged by other advisers for comparable services may be lower than the fees charged by Collar
Capital Management, LLC.
Participation in Wrap Fee Programs
We do not offer wrap fee programs.
Regulatory Assets Under Management
We manage $166,323,509 on a discretionary basis and $9,939,100 on a non-discretionary basis as
of December 31, 2025.
Item 5 Fees and Compensation
On an annualized basis, our fee for continuous portfolio management services is as follows:
How We Are Compensated for Our Advisory Services
5
Asset Management:
Assets Under Management
Annual Percentage of Assets Charge
Up to $500,000
1.50%
$500,001 to $1,000,000
1.35%
$1,000,001 to $2,000,000
1.25%
$2,000,001 to $9,999,999
1.00%
Over $10,000,000
0.85%
Exceptions may be made to the published fee schedule under certain circumstances pursuant to a
negotiated agreement with the client. Although we seldom use a fixed fee schedule, the fixed annual
fee (to be paid in lieu of the fee schedule) will range from $1,500 - $10,000 and shall be paid quarterly
in advance via invoice.
*Our firms' fees are calculated and deducted daily on a pro-rata annualized basis on the net liquidation
value of your account. The daily accounting is based on 252 trading days per calendar year.
We will deduct our fee directly from your account through the qualified custodian holding your funds
and securities. We will deduct our advisory fee only when you have given our firm written authorization
permitting the fees to be paid directly from your account. Further, the qualified custodian will deliver an
account statement to you at least quarterly. These account statements will show all disbursements
from your account. You should review all statements for accuracy.
Pension Consultations:
Adviser's annual fees for pension consulting services provided under this agreement shall be based on
the market value of the assets and shall generally be calculated at up to 0.50% of all plan asset value.
In addition to Adviser's consulting fee, the Client may also incur certain charges imposed by
unaffiliated third parties. Such charges include, but are not limited to, custodial fees, administrative
fees, brokerage commissions, transaction fees, charges imposed directly by a mutual fund, index fund,
or exchange traded fund purchased for the account which shall be disclosed in the fund's prospectus
(i.e., fund management fees and other fund expenses), wire transfer fees and other fees and taxes on
brokerage accounts and securities transactions.
The fee for Pension Consulting will be billed quarterly via invoice to the client and shall be paid within
ten (10) days of the billing period.
Additional Fees and Expenses
As part of our investment advisory services to you, we may invest, or recommend that you invest, in
mutual funds and exchange traded funds. The fees that you pay to our firm for investment advisory
services are separate and distinct from the fees and expenses charged by mutual funds or exchange
traded funds (described in each fund's prospectus) to their shareholders. These fees will generally
include a management fee and other fund expenses. You will also incur transaction charges and/or
brokerage fees when purchasing or selling securities. These charges and fees are typically imposed by
the broker-dealer or custodian through whom your account transactions are executed. We do not
share in any portion of the brokerage fees/transaction charges imposed by the broker-dealer or
6
custodian. To fully understand the total cost you will incur, you should review all the fees charged by
mutual funds, exchange traded funds, our firm, and others. For information on our brokerage practices,
refer to the Brokerage Practices section of this brochure.
Terminations & Refunds
We charge our individual client advisory fees daily in arrears. In the event that you wish to terminate
our services, we will stop charging fees immediately or no later than 5 business days from the time of
the termination request. You need to contact us in writing and state that you wish to terminate our
services. Upon receipt of your letter of termination, we will discontinue charging of fees on the
account(s), and the client may transfer the account or ask for liquidation of the assets. If we do not stop
charging our daily fees within 5 business days, our firm will refund you any fees that were charged in
error.
1 Please note that our method for computing the amount of "client assets we manage" can be different from the method for computing
"assets under management" required for Item 5.F in Part 1A of Form ADV. However, we have chosen to follow the method outlined for Item
5.F in Part 1A of Form ADV. If we decide to use a different method at a later date to compute "client assets we manage," we must keep
documentation describing the method we use and inform you of the change. The amount of assets we manage may be disclosed by rounding
to the nearest $100,000. Our "as of" date must not be more than three months before the date we last updated our Brochure in response to
Item 4.E of Form ADV Part 2A.
Item 6 Performance-Based Fees and Side-By-Side Management
We do not accept performance-based fees or participate in side-by-side management. Performance-
based fees are fees that are based on a share of a capital gains or capital appreciation of a client's
account. Side-by-side management refers to the practice of managing accounts that are charged
performance-based fees while at the same time managing accounts that are not charged performance-
based fees. Our fees are calculated as described in the Fees and Compensation section above, and
are not charged on the basis of a share of capital gains upon, or capital appreciation of, the funds in
your advisory account.
Item 7 Types of Clients
We offer investment advisory services to individuals and high net worth individuals.
In general, we do not require a minimum dollar amount to open and maintain an advisory account;
however, we have the right to terminate your Account if it falls below a minimum size which, in our sole
opinion, is too small to manage effectively.
Item 8 Methods of Analysis, Investment Strategies and Risk of Loss
Our Methods of Analysis and Investment Strategies
We use one or more of the following methods of analysis or investment strategies when providing
investment advice to you:
Technical Analysis - involves studying past price patterns, trends and interrelationships in the
financial markets to assess risk-adjusted performance and predict the direction of both the overall
market and specific securities.
7
Risk: The risk of market timing based on technical analysis is that our analysis may not accurately
detect anomalies or predict future price movements. Current prices of securities may reflect all
information known about the security and day-to-day changes in market prices of securities may
follow random patterns and may not be predictable with any reliable degree of accuracy.
Fundamental Analysis - involves analyzing individual companies and their industry groups, such as a
company's financial statements, details regarding the company's product line, the experience and
expertise of the company's management, and the outlook for the company and its industry. The
resulting data is used to measure the true value of the company's stock compared to the current
market value.
Risk: The risk of fundamental analysis is that information obtained may be incorrect and the
analysis may not provide an accurate estimate of earnings, which may be the basis for a stock's
value. If securities prices adjust rapidly to new information, utilizing fundamental analysis may not
result in favorable performance.
Cyclical Analysis - a type of technical analysis that involves evaluating recurring price patterns and
trends. Economic/business cycles may not be predictable and may have many fluctuations between
long-term expansions and contractions.
Risk: The lengths of economic cycles may be difficult to predict with accuracy and therefore the
risk of cyclical analysis is the difficulty in predicting economic trends and consequently the
changing value of securities that would be affected by these changing trends.
Long-Term Purchases - securities purchased with the expectation that the value of those securities
will grow over a relatively long period of time, generally greater than one year.
Risk: Using a long-term purchase strategy generally assumes the financial markets will go up in
the long-term which may not be the case. There is also the risk that the segment of the market
that you are invested in or perhaps just your particular investment will go down over time even if
the overall financial markets advance. Purchasing investments long-term may create an
opportunity cost - "locking-up" assets that may be better utilized in the short-term in other
investments.
Short-Term Purchases - securities purchased with the expectation that they will be sold within a
relatively short period of time, generally less than one year, to take advantage of the securities' short-
term price fluctuations.
Risk: Using a short-term purchase strategy generally assumes that we can predict how financial
markets will perform in the short-term which may be very difficult and will incur a disproportionately
higher amount of transaction costs compared to long-term trading. There are many factors that
can affect financial market performance in the short-term (such as short-term interest rate
changes, cyclical earnings announcements, etc.) but may have a smaller impact over longer
periods of times.
Short Sales - Unlike a straightforward investment in stocks where you buy shares with the expectation
that their price will increase so you can sell at a profit, in a "short sale" you borrow stocks from your
brokerage firm and sell them immediately, hoping to buy them later at a lower price. Thus, a short
seller hopes that the price of a stock will go down in the near future. A short seller thus uses declines in
the market to his advantage. The short seller makes money when the stock prices fall and loses when
prices go up. The SEC has strict regulations in place regarding short selling.
8
Risk: Short selling is very risky. Investors should exercise extreme caution before short selling is
implemented. A short seller will profit if the stock goes down in price, but if the price of the shares
increase, the potential losses are unlimited because the stock can keep rising forever. There is no
ceiling on how much a short seller can lose in a trade. The share price may keep going up and the
short seller will have to pay whatever the prevailing stock price is to buy back the shares.
However, gains have a ceiling level because the stock price cannot fall below zero.
Risks: A short seller has to undertake to pay the earnings on the borrowed securities as long as
the short seller chooses to keep the short position open. If the company declares huge dividends
or issues bonus shares, the short seller will have to pay that amount to the lender. Any such
occurrence can skew the entire short investment and make it unprofitable. The broker can use the
funds in the short seller's margin account to buy back the loaned shares or issue a "call away" to
get the short seller to return the borrowed securities. If the broker makes this call when the stock
price is much higher than the price at the time of the short sale, then the investor can end up
taking huge losses.
Risk: Margin interest can be a significant expense. Since short sales can only be undertaken in
margin accounts, the interest payable on short trades can be substantial, especially if short
positions are kept open over an extended period.
Risk: Shares that are difficult to borrow – because of high short interest, limited float, or any other
reason – have "hard-to-borrow" fees. These fees are based on an annualized rate that can range
from a small fraction of a percent to more than 100% of the value of the short trade. The hard-to-
borrow rate can fluctuate substantially on a daily basis; therefore, the exact dollar amount of the
fee may not be known in advance, and may be substantial.
Margin Transactions - a securities transaction in which an investor borrows money to purchase a
security, in which case the security serves as collateral on the loan.
Risk: If the value of the shares drops sufficiently, the investor will be required to either deposit
more cash into the account or sell a portion of the stock in order to maintain the margin
requirements of the account. This is known as a "margin call." An investor's overall risk includes
the amount of money invested plus the amount that was loaned to them.
Option Writing - a securities transaction that involves selling an option. An option is a contract that
gives the buyer the right, but not the obligation, to buy or sell a particular security at a specified price
on or before the expiration date of the option. When an investor sells a call option, he or she must
deliver to the buyer a specified number of shares if the buyer exercises the option. When an investor
sells a put option, he or she must pay the strike price per share if the buyer exercises the option, and
will receive the specified number of shares. The option writer/seller receives a premium (the market
price of the option at a particular time) in exchange for writing the option.
Risk: Options are complex investments and can be very risky, especially if the investor does not
own the underlying stock. In certain situations, an investor's risk can be unlimited.
Trading - We may use frequent trading (in general, selling securities within 30 days of purchasing the
same securities) as an investment strategy when managing your account(s). Frequent trading is not a
fundamental part of our overall investment strategy, but we may use this strategy occasionally when
we determine that it is suitable given your stated investment objectives and tolerance for risk. This may
include buying and selling securities frequently in an effort to capture significant market gains and
avoid significant losses.
9
Risk: When a frequent trading policy is in effect, there is a risk that investment performance within
your account may be negatively affected, particularly through increased brokerage and other
transactional costs and taxes.
Our investment strategies and advice may vary depending upon each client's specific financial
situation. As such, we determine investments and allocations based upon your predefined objectives,
risk tolerance, time horizon, financial information, liquidity needs and other various suitability factors.
Your restrictions and guidelines may affect the composition of your portfolio. It is important that you
notify us immediately with respect to any material changes to your financial circumstances,
including for example, a change in your current or expected income level, tax circumstances, or
employment status.
Tax Considerations
Our strategies and investments may have unique and significant tax implications. However, unless we
specifically agree otherwise, and in writing, tax efficiency is not our primary consideration in the
management of your assets. Regardless of your account size or any other factors, we strongly
recommend that you consult with a tax professional regarding the investing of your assets.
Custodians and broker-dealers must report the cost basis of equities acquired in client accounts. Your
custodian will default to the First-In First-Out ("FIFO") accounting method for calculating the cost basis
of your investments. You are responsible for contacting your tax advisor to determine if this accounting
method is the right choice for you. If your tax advisor believes another accounting method is more
advantageous, provide written notice to our firm immediately and we will alert your account custodian
of your individually selected accounting method. Decisions about cost basis accounting methods will
need to be made before trades settle, as the cost basis method cannot be changed after settlement.
Risk of Loss
Investing in securities involves risk of loss that you should be prepared to bear. We do not represent or
guarantee that our services or methods of analysis can or will predict future results, successfully
identify market tops or bottoms, or insulate clients from losses due to market corrections or declines.
We cannot offer any guarantees or promises that your financial goals and objectives will be met. Past
performance is in no way an indication of future performance.
Other Risk Considerations
When evaluating risk, financial loss may be viewed differently by each client and may depend on many
different risks, each of which may affect the probability and magnitude of any potential losses. The
following risks may not be all-inclusive, but should be considered carefully by a prospective client
before retaining our services.
Liquidity Risk: The risk of being unable to sell your investment at a fair price at a given time due to
high volatility or lack of active liquid markets. You may receive a lower price or it may not be possible
to sell the investment at all.
Credit Risk: Credit risk typically applies to debt investments such as corporate, municipal, and
sovereign fixed income or bonds. A bond issuing entity can experience a credit event that could impair
or erase the value of an issuer's securities held by a client.
Inflation and Interest Rate Risk: Security prices and portfolio returns will likely vary in response to
changes in inflation and interest rates. Inflation causes the value of future dollars to be worth less and
may reduce the purchasing power of a client's future interest payments and principal. Inflation also
generally leads to higher interest rates which may cause the value of many types of fixed income
investments to decline.
10
Horizon and Longevity Risk: The risk that your investment horizon is shortened because of an
unforeseen event, for example, the loss of your job. This may force you to sell investments that you
were expecting to hold for the long term. If you must sell at a time that the markets are down, you may
lose money. Longevity Risk is the risk of outliving your savings. This risk is particularly relevant for
people who are retired, or are nearing retirement.
Recommendation of Particular Types of Securities
We recommend various types of securities and we do not primarily recommend one particular type of
security over another since each client has different needs and different tolerance for risk. Each type of
security has its own unique set of risks associated with it and it would not be possible to list here all of
the specific risks of every type of investment. Even within the same type of investment, risks can vary
widely. However, in very general terms, the higher the anticipated return of an investment, the higher
the risk of loss associated with the investment. A description of the types of securities we may
recommend to you and some of their inherent risks are provided below.
Bonds: Corporate debt securities (or "bonds") are typically safer investments than equity securities,
but their risk can also vary widely based on: the financial health of the issuer; the risk that the issuer
might default; when the bond is set to mature; and, whether or not the bond can be "called" prior to
maturity. When a bond is called, it may not be possible to replace it with a bond of equal character
paying the same rate of return.
Stocks: There are numerous ways of measuring the risk of equity securities (also known simply as
"equities" or "stock"). In very broad terms, the value of a stock depends on the financial health of the
company issuing it. However, stock prices can be affected by many other factors including, but not
limited to the class of stock (for example, preferred or common); the health of the market sector of the
issuing company; and, the overall health of the economy. In general, larger, better established
companies ("large cap") tend to be safer than smaller start-up companies ("small cap") are but the
mere size of an issuer is not, by itself, an indicator of the safety of the investment.
Mutual Funds and Exchange Traded Funds: Mutual funds and exchange traded funds ("ETF") are
professionally managed collective investment systems that pool money from many investors and invest
in stocks, bonds, short-term money market instruments, other mutual funds, other securities, or any
combination thereof. The fund will have a manager that trades the fund's investments in accordance
with the fund's investment objective. While mutual funds and ETFs generally provide diversification,
risks can be significantly increased if the fund is concentrated in a particular sector of the market,
primarily invests in small cap or speculative companies, uses leverage (i.e., borrows money) to a
significant degree, or concentrates in a particular type of security (i.e., equities) rather than balancing
the fund with different types of securities. ETFs differ from mutual funds since they can be bought and
sold throughout the day like stock and their price can fluctuate throughout the day. The returns on
mutual funds and ETFs can be reduced by the costs to manage the funds. Also, while some mutual
funds are "no load" and charge no fee to buy into, or sell out of, the fund, other types of mutual funds
do charge such fees which can also reduce returns. Mutual funds can also be "closed end" or "open
end". So-called "open end" mutual funds continue to allow in new investors indefinitely whereas
"closed end" funds have a fixed number of shares to sell which can limit their availability to new
investors.
ETFs may have tracking error risks. For example, the ETF investment adviser may not be able to
cause the ETF's performance to match that of its Underlying Index or other benchmark, which may
negatively affect the ETF's performance. In addition, for leveraged and inverse ETFs that seek to track
the performance of their Underlying Indices or benchmarks on a daily basis, mathematical
compounding may prevent the ETF from correlating with performance of its benchmark. In addition, an
11
ETF may not have investment exposure to all of the securities included in its Underlying Index, or its
weighting of investment exposure to such securities may vary from that of the Underlying Index. Some
ETFs may invest in securities or financial instruments that are not included in the Underlying Index, but
which are expected to yield similar performance.
Options Contracts: Options are complex securities that involve risks and are not suitable for
everyone. Option trading can be speculative in nature and carry substantial risk of loss. It is generally
recommended that you only invest in options with risk capital. An option is a contract that gives the
buyer the right, but not the obligation, to buy or sell an underlying asset at a specific price on or before
a certain date (the "expiration date"). The two types of options are calls and puts:
A call gives the holder the right to buy an asset at a certain price within a specific period of time. Calls
are similar to having a long position on a stock. Buyers of calls hope that the stock will increase
substantially before the option expires.
A put gives the holder the right to sell an asset at a certain price within a specific period of time. Puts
are very similar to having a short position on a stock. Buyers of puts hope that the price of the stock
will fall before the option expires.
Selling options is more complicated and can be even riskier.
The option trading risks pertaining to options buyers are:
• Risk of losing your entire investment in a relatively short period of time.
• The risk of losing your entire investment increases if, as expiration nears, the stock is below the
strike price of the call (for a call option) or if the stock is higher than the strike price of the put
(for a put option).
• European style options which do not have secondary markets on which to sell the options prior
to expiration can only realize its value upon expiration.
• Specific exercise provisions of a specific option contract may create risks.
• Regulatory agencies may impose exercise restrictions, which stops you from realizing value.
The option trading risks pertaining to options sellers are:
• Options sold may be exercised at any time before expiration.
• Covered Call traders forgo the right to profit when the underlying stock rises above the strike
price of the call options sold and continues to risk a loss due to a decline in the underlying
stock.
• Writers of Naked Calls risk unlimited losses if the underlying stock rises.
• Writers of Naked Puts risk substantial losses if the underlying stock drops.
• Writers of naked positions run margin risks if the position goes into significant losses. Such
risks may include liquidation by the broker.
• Writers of call options could lose more money than a short seller of that stock could on the
same rise on that underlying stock. This is an example of how the leverage in options can work
against the option trader.
• Writers of Naked Calls are obligated to deliver shares of the underlying stock if those call
options are exercised.
• Call options can be exercised outside of market hours such that effective remedy actions
cannot be performed by the writer of those options.
• Writers of stock options are obligated under the options that they sold even if a trading market
is not available or that they are unable to perform a closing transaction.
12
• The value of the underlying stock may surge or decline unexpectedly, leading to automatic
exercises.
Other option trading risks are:
• The complexity of some option strategies is a significant risk on its own.
• Option trading exchanges or markets and option contracts themselves are open to changes at
all times.
• Options markets have the right to halt the trading of any options, thus preventing investors from
realizing value.
If an options brokerage firm goes insolvent, investors trading through that firm may be affected.
Internationally traded options have special risks due to timing across borders.
• Risk of erroneous reporting of exercise value.
•
•
Risks that are not specific to options trading include market risk, sector risk and individual stock risk.
Option trading risks are closely related to stock risks, as stock options are a derivative of stocks.
Digital Assets: Generally refers to an asset that is issued and/or transferred using distributed ledger
or blockchain technology, including, "virtual currencies (also known as crypto-currencies)," "coins," and
"tokens". We may invest in and/or advise clients on the purchase or sale of digital assets. This advice
or investment may be in actual digital coins/tokens/currencies or via investment vehicles such as
exchange traded funds (ETFs) or separately managed accounts (SMAs). The investment
characteristics of Digital Assets generally differ from those of traditional securities, currencies,
commodities. Digital Assets are not backed by a central bank or a national, international organization,
any hard assets, human capital, or other form of credit and are relatively new to the market place.
Rather, Digital Assets are market-based: a Digital Asset's value is determined by (and fluctuates often,
according to) supply and demand factors, its adoption in the traditional commerce channels, and/or the
value that various market participants place on it through their mutual agreement or transactions. The
lack of history to these types of investments entail certain unknown risks, are very speculative and are
not appropriate for all investors.
Price Volatility of Digital Assets Risk: A principal risk in trading Digital Assets is the rapid
fluctuation of market price. The value of client portfolios relates in part to the value of the Digital
Assets held in the client portfolio and fluctuations in the price of Digital Assets could adversely
affect the value of a client's portfolio. There is no guarantee that a client will be able to achieve a
better than average market price for Digital Assets or will purchase Digital Assets at the most
favorable price available. The price of Digital Assets achieved by a client may be affected
generally by a wide variety of complex factors such as supply and demand; availability and access
to Digital Asset service providers (such as payment processors), exchanges, miners or other
Digital Asset users and market participants; perceived or actual security vulnerability; and
traditional risk factors including inflation levels; fiscal policy; interest rates; and political, natural
and economic events.
Digital Asset Service Providers Risk: Service providers that support Digital Assets and the
Digital Asset marketplace(s) may not be subject to the same regulatory and professional oversight
as traditional securities service providers. Further, there is no assurance that the availability of and
access to virtual currency service providers will not be negatively affected by government
regulation or supply and demand of Digital Assets. Accordingly, companies or financial institutions
that currently support virtual currency may not do so in the future.
13
Custody of Digital Assets Risk: Under the Advisers Act, SEC registered investment advisers
are required to hold securities with "qualified custodians," among other requirements. Certain
Digital Assets may be deemed to be securities. Some Digital Assets do not currently fall under the
SEC definition of security and therefore many of the companies providing Digital Assets custodial
services fall outside of the SEC's definition of "qualified custodian". Accordingly, clients seeking to
purchase actual digital coins/tokens/currencies may need to use nonqualified custodians to hold
all or a portion of their Digital Assets.
Government Oversight of Digital Assets Risk: Regulatory agencies and/or the constructs
responsible for oversight of Digital Assets or a Digital Asset network may not be fully developed
and subject to change. Regulators may adopt laws, regulations, policies or rules directly or
indirectly affecting Digital Assets their treatment, transacting, custody, and valuation.
Item 9 Disciplinary Information
There are no legal or disciplinary events that are material to the evaluation of our advisory business or
the integrity of our management.
Item 10 Other Financial Industry Activities and Affiliations
Mr. Cacia is an investment advisor representative of Roshelen, Inc. (CRD #170904). From time to
time, he will offer clients advice or products from those activities and clients should be aware that these
services will involve a conflict of interest. Mr. Cacia is also a promoter for and client relationship
manager of Collar Capital Management, LLC. Collar Capital Management, LLC always acts in the best
interest of the client and clients always have the right to decide whether or not to utilize the services of
any Collar Capital Management, LLC representative in such individual's outside capacities.
Item 11 Code of Ethics, Participation or Interest in Client Transactions and
Personal Trading
We recognize that the personal investment transactions of members and employees of our firm
demand the application of a high Code of Ethics and require that all such transactions be carried out in
a way that does not endanger the interest of any client. At the same time, we believe that if investment
goals are similar for clients and for members and employees of our firm, it is logical and even desirable
that there be common ownership of some securities.
Therefore, in order to prevent conflicts of interest, we have in place a set of procedures (including a
pre- clearing procedure) with respect to transactions effected by our members, officers and employees
for their personal accounts. In order to monitor compliance with our personal trading policy, we have a
quarterly securities transaction reporting system for all of our associates.
Furthermore, our firm has established a Code of Ethics which applies to all of our associated persons.
An investment adviser is considered a fiduciary. As a fiduciary, it is an investment adviser's
responsibility to provide fair and full disclosure of all material facts and to act solely in the best interest
of each of our clients at all times. We have a fiduciary duty to all clients. Our fiduciary duty is
considered the core underlying principle for our Code of Ethics which also includes Insider Trading and
Personal Securities Transactions Policies and Procedures. We require all of our supervised persons to
conduct business with the highest level of ethical standards and to comply with all federal and state
securities laws at all times. Upon employment or affiliation and at least annually thereafter, all
supervised persons will sign an acknowledgement that they have read, understand, and agree to
comply with our Code of Ethics. Our firm and supervised persons must conduct business in an honest,
14
ethical, and fair manner and avoid all circumstances that might negatively affect or appear to affect our
duty of complete loyalty to all clients. This disclosure is provided to give all clients a summary of our
Code of Ethics. However, if a client or a potential client wishes to review our Code of Ethics in its
entirety, a copy will be provided promptly upon request.
Related persons of our firm may buy or sell securities and other investments that are also
recommended to clients. In order to minimize this conflict of interest, our related persons will place
client interests ahead of their own interests and adhere to our firm's Code of Ethics, a copy of which is
available upon request.
Related persons of our firm may buy or sell securities for themselves at or about the same time they
buy or sell the same securities for client accounts. In order to minimize this conflict of interest, our
related persons will place client interests ahead of their own interests and adhere to our firm's Code of
Ethics, a copy of which is available upon request. Further, our related persons will refrain from buying
or selling the same securities within 48 hours prior to buying or selling for our clients. If related persons'
accounts are included in a block trade, our related persons will always trade personal accounts last.
Compliance with Department of Labor Fiduciary Rule
Our firm provides investment advice to assets affected by the Department of Labor ("DOL") Fiduciary
Rule for a level fee. As such, we abide by the Impartial Conduct Standards as defined by the DOL. To
comply with these standards, our firm and our advisors give advice that is in our clients' best interest,
charge no more than reasonable compensation (within the meaning of ERISA Section 408(b)(2) and
Internal Revenue Code Section 4975(d)(2), and make no misleading statements about investment
transactions, compensation, conflicts of interest, and any other matters related to investment
decisions.
As a level-fee fiduciary, we maintain a non-variable compensation structure that is provided on the
basis of a fixed percentage of the value of assets or a set fee that does not vary with the particular
investment recommended, as opposed to a commission or other transaction based fee.
Participation or Interest in Client Transactions
Neither our firm nor any persons associated with our firm has any material financial interest in client
transactions beyond the provision of investment advisory services as disclosed in this brochure.
Item 12 Brokerage Practices
We execute or recommend that clients execute their securities transactions through various firms. The
choice of which firm to execute trades through will be determined on the financial strength of the broker
or dealer, its reputation, pricing and ability to execute trades in a timely manner. In many cases, we
execute trades through Interactive Brokers LLC ("Interactive Brokers"), Member FINRA, NYSE, SIPC.
Under the arrangement with Interactive Brokers, we receive services which include, among others,
brokerage, custodial, administrative support; record keeping and related services that are intended to
support our firm in conducting business and in serving the best interests of our clients but that may
benefit our firm.
As part of the arrangement described above, we pay a fee to Interactive Brokers to receive research,
news, quotes, as well as fees directly to NYSE as part of our doing business with Interactive Brokers.
Interactive Brokers charges these fees in an a la carte manner on their Trader Workstation.
15
We also have an incentive to continue to use or expand the use of Interactive Brokers' services. Our
firm examined this potential conflict of interest when we chose to enter into the relationship with
Interactive Brokers and we have determined that the relationship is in the best interest of our firm's
clients and satisfies our client obligations, including our duty to seek best execution.
Interactive Brokers charges brokerage commissions and transaction fees for effecting certain
securities transactions (i.e., transaction fees are charged for certain no-load mutual funds,
commissions are charged for individual equity and debt securities transactions). Interactive Brokers
enables us to obtain many no-load mutual funds without transaction charges and other no-load funds
at nominal transaction charges. Interactive Brokers' commission rates are generally discounted from
customary retail commission rates. However, the commission and transaction fees charged by
Interactive Brokers may be higher or lower than those charged by other custodians and broker-
dealers.
Our clients may pay a commission to Interactive Brokers that is higher than another qualified broker
dealer might charge to effect the same transaction where we determine in good faith that the
commission is reasonable in relation to the value of the brokerage and research services received In
seeking best execution, the determinative factor is not the lowest possible cost, but whether the
transaction represents the best qualitative execution, taking into consideration the full range of a
broker-dealer's services, including the value of research provided, execution capability, commission
rates, and responsiveness. Accordingly, although we will seek competitive rates, to the benefit of all
clients, we may not necessarily obtain the lowest possible commission rates for specific client account
transactions.
Soft Dollars
Although the investment research products and services that may be obtained by our firm will generally
be used to service all of our clients, a brokerage commission paid by a specific client may be used to
pay for research that is not used in managing that specific client's account.
Client Brokerage Commissions
Our firm does not receive brokerage for client referrals.
Directed Brokerage
Neither we nor any of our firm's related persons have discretionary authority in making the
determination of the brokers with whom orders for the purchase or sale of securities are placed for
execution, and the commission rates at which such securities transactions are effected.
Special Considerations for ERISA Clients
16
A retirement or ERISA plan client may direct all or part of portfolio transactions for its account through
a specific broker or dealer in order to obtain goods or services on behalf of the plan. Such direction is
permitted provided that the goods and services provided are reasonable expenses of the plan incurred
in the ordinary course of its business for which it otherwise would be obligated and empowered to pay.
ERISA prohibits directed brokerage arrangements when the goods or services purchased are not for
the exclusive benefit of the plan. Consequently, we will request that plan sponsors who direct plan
brokerage provide us with a letter documenting that this arrangement will be for the exclusive benefit of
the plan.
Permissibility of Client-Directed Brokerage
We do not allow client-directed brokerage.
Aggregation of Purchase or Sale
We perform investment management services for various clients. There are occasions on which
portfolio transactions may be executed as part of concurrent authorizations to purchase or sell the
same security for numerous accounts served by our firm, which involve accounts with similar
investment objectives. Although such concurrent authorizations potentially could be either
advantageous or disadvantageous to any one or more particular accounts, they are affected only when
we believe that to do so will be in the best interest of the effected accounts. When such concurrent
authorizations occur, the objective is to allocate the executions in a manner which is deemed equitable
to the accounts involved. In any given situation, we attempt to allocate trade executions in the most
equitable manner possible, taking into consideration client objectives, current asset allocation and
availability of funds using price averaging, proration and consistently non-arbitrary methods of
allocation.
Item 13 Review of Accounts
We monitor client accounts on an ongoing basis and will conduct portfolio reviews on at least a
quarterly basis for our clients subscribing to our firm's Asset Management service. The nature of these
reviews is to learn whether clients' portfolios are in line with their investment objectives, appropriately
positioned based on market conditions, and adhering to their investment policies. Our Financial
Advisors or Portfolio Managers will conduct these reviews of client portfolios.
We may review client portfolios more frequently than described above. Among the factors which may
trigger an off-cycle review are major market or economic events, the client's life events, requests by
the client, etc.
Written reports are continuously made available to clients via our custodian's client portal. Client
Reviews take place on a quarterly, semi-annual, or annual basis based on the clients' needs or desires
via in-person, Zoom, or telephone. Client Reviews are also available upon request for any client who
subscribes to our Asset Management service. Our custodian's website allows our clients to login to
their accounts and view reports and statements daily, monthly, quarterly, annually, and in customized
date ranges. Our custodian's website also provides a portfolio analyst tool that provides performance
and risk measurements on a 1, 3, 5, 10, and Since Inception time frame free of charge. The portfolio
analyst tool also allows for benchmarks like the S&P 500 to be utilized to compare performance to a
client's portfolio.
17
Pension Consulting clients do not receive reviews of their pension plans unless they take action to
schedule a consultation with us. We also provide ongoing services to Pension Consulting clients where
we meet with such clients upon their request to discuss updates to their plans, changes in their
circumstances, etc.
As mentioned above, Pension Consulting clients do not receive written or verbal updated reports
regarding their pension plans unless they choose to contract with us for ongoing Pension Consulting
services. Our pension clients have access to the custodians' website for reports and statements.
Item 14 Client Referrals and Other Compensation
We may execute or recommend that clients execute their securities transactions through various firms.
The choice of which firm to execute trades through will be determined on the financial strength of the
broker or dealer, its reputation, pricing and ability to execute trades in a timely manner. In many cases,
Adviser executes trades through Interactive Brokers LLC ("Interactive Brokers"), Member FINRA,
NYSE, SIPC. Interactive Brokers will generally custody client's assets. Interactive Brokers and/or other
firms may be paid certain advisory fees, product management fees (on annuities and securities such
as mutual funds), administrative fees and/or transaction charges for its role with respect to Adviser's
accounts. It is important to note that the chosen broker-dealer does not maintain supervisory
relationships with respect to Adviser or its representatives. The Adviser is a separately registered and
independently controlled entity.
Some clients may instruct Adviser to use one or more particular broker-dealers for the transactions in
their accounts. Clients who may want to direct Adviser to use a particular broker-dealer should
understand that this may prevent Adviser from effectively negotiating brokerage costs on their behalf.
This arrangement may also prevent Adviser from obtaining the most favorable net price and best
execution. Thus, when directing brokerage business, clients should consider whether the commission
expenses, execution, clearance, and settlement capabilities that they will obtain through their broker-
dealer are adequately favorable in comparison to those that Adviser would otherwise obtain for its
clients. In addition, a disparity in commission charges may exist between the commissions charged to
other clients.
Adviser reserves the right to decline acceptance of any client account that directs the use of a broker
dealer other than Interactive Brokers, if Adviser believes that the broker dealer would adversely affect
Adviser's fiduciary duty to the client and/or ability to effectively service the client portfolio.
In managed account cases, Activity Statements are generated on a daily, monthly, and yearly basis for
the Client from the custodian containing a description of all activity in the Client's Account. Clients
provide written authorization permitting Adviser to be paid directly for their accounts held by the
custodian or trustee.
Referral Fees
We pay referral fees to independent promoters specifically, Joseph Cacia of Roshelen, Inc. and
Matthew Smith of Blue Sky Growth Capital, LLC for the referral of prospective clients to our firm in
accordance with the Investment Advisers Act of 1940. Such referral fees represent a share of our
investment advisory fee charged to our clients. This arrangement will not result in higher costs to you.
In this regard, we maintain Promoter Agreements in compliance with applicable state and federal laws.
All clients referred by a Promoter to our firm will be given full written disclosure describing the terms
18
and fee arrangements between our firm and the Promoter(s). In cases where the Investment Advisers
Act of 1940 or state or federal law requires licensure of promoters, we ensure that no solicitation fees
are paid unless the Promoter is registered as an investment adviser representative of our firm. If we
are paying Promoter fees to another registered investment adviser, the licensure of individuals is the
other firm's responsibility.
Item 15 Custody
Deduction of Advisory Fees:
Your independent custodian will directly debit your account(s) for the payment of our advisory fees.
This ability to deduct our advisory fees from your accounts causes our firm to exercise limited custody
over your funds or securities. We do not have physical custody of any of your funds and/or securities.
Your funds and securities will be held with a bank, broker-dealer, or other qualified custodian. You will
receive account statements from the qualified custodian(s) holding your funds and securities at least
quarterly. The account statements from your custodian(s) will indicate the amount of our advisory fees
deducted from your account(s) each billing period. You should carefully review account statements for
accuracy.
Item 16 Investment Discretion
Before we can buy or sell securities on your behalf, you must first sign our discretionary management
agreement and the appropriate trading authorization forms.
You may grant our firm discretion over the selection and amount of securities to be purchased or sold
for your account(s) without obtaining your consent or approval prior to each transaction. You may
specify investment objectives, guidelines, and/or impose certain conditions or investment parameters
for your account(s). For example, you may specify that the investment in any particular stock or
industry should not exceed specified percentages of the value of the portfolio and/or restrictions or
prohibitions of transactions in the securities of a specific industry or security. Refer to the Advisory
Business section in this brochure for more information on our discretionary management services.
If you enter into non-discretionary arrangements with our firm, we will obtain your approval prior to the
execution of any transactions for your account(s). You have an unrestricted right to decline to
implement any advice provided by our firm on a non-discretionary basis.
Item 17 Voting Client Securities
We will determine how to vote proxies based on our reasonable judgment of the vote most likely to
produce favorable financial results for you. Proxy votes generally will be cast in favor of proposals that
maintain or strengthen the shared interests of shareholders and management, increase shareholder
value, maintain or increase shareholder influence over the issuer's board of directors and
management, and maintain or increase the rights of shareholders. Generally, proxy votes will be cast
against proposals having the opposite effect. However, we will consider both sides of each proxy
issue. Unless we receive specific instructions from you, we will not base votes on social
considerations.
Conflicts of interest between you and our firm, or a principal of our firm, regarding certain proxy issues
could arise. If we determine that a material conflict of interest exists, we will take the necessary steps
to resolve the conflict before voting the proxies. For example, we may disclose the existence and
nature of the conflict to you, and seek direction from you as to how to vote on a particular issue; we
19
may abstain from voting, particularly if there are conflicting interests for you (for example, where your
account(s) hold different securities in a competitive merger situation); or, we will take other necessary
steps designed to ensure that a decision to vote is in your best interest and was not the product of the
conflict.
Except in the case of a conflict of interest as described below, we do not accept direction from you on
voting a particular proxy.
We keep certain records required by applicable law in connection with our proxy voting activities. You
may obtain information on how we voted proxies and/or obtain a full copy of our proxy voting policies
and procedures by making a written or oral request to our firm.
Item 18 Financial Information
Our firm does not have any financial condition or impairment that would prevent us from meeting our
contractual commitments to you. We do not take physical custody of client funds or securities, or serve
as trustee or signatory for client accounts, and, we do not require the prepayment of more than $1,200
in fees six or more months in advance. Therefore, we are not required to include a financial statement
with this brochure.
We have never been the subject of a bankruptcy proceeding.
20