View Document Text
ITEM 1 – COVER PAGE
PART 2A OF FORM ADV: FIRM BROCHURE
DSM CAPITAL PARTNERS LLC
7111 FAIRWAY DRIVE, SUITE 350
PALM BEACH GARDENS, FLORIDA 33418
www.dsmcapital.com
March 31, 2026
This Brochure provides certain information about DSM Capital Partners LLC (“DSM”).
If you have any questions about the contents of this Brochure, please contact Russell Katz,
General Counsel and Chief Compliance Officer of DSM, at (561) 618-4000 or at
rkatz@dsmcapital.com. The information in this Brochure has not been approved or
verified by the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) or by any state
securities authority. Additional information about DSM is available on the SEC’s website
at www.adviserinfo.sec.gov. You can search this site by a unique identifying number,
known as a CRD number. The CRD number for DSM is 113609. This Brochure should be
reviewed in its entirety.
DSM is a registered investment adviser. Registration of an investment adviser does not
imply any level of skill or training.
1 | P a g e
ITEM 2 – MATERIAL CHANGES
An adviser is to disclose in this Item any material changes to its business since the last annual update of
its Form ADV.
Since its annual update of Form ADV on March 31, 2025, DSM began offering its Runway strategy to
clients. Please see Item 4 for a description of the Runway strategy. DSM also hired Majken Runquist as
part of its investment management team. DSM’s investment management team consists of nine members.
Please refer to Form ADV Part 2B, Brochure Supplement, for more information about Ms. Runquist and
the other members of DSM’s investment management team. As of September 2025, Bryant Burciaga was
no longer employed by DSM.
2 | P a g e
ITEM 3 – TABLE OF CONTENTS
Item 1 – COVER PAGE
Page 1
Item 2 – MATERIAL CHANGES
Page 2
Item 3 – TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page 3
Item 4 – ADVISORY BUSINESS
Page 4
Item 5 – FEES AND COMPENSATION
Page 10
Item 6 – PERFORMANCE-BASED FEES AND SIDE-BY-SIDE MANAGEMENT
Page 13
Item 7 – TYPES OF CLIENTS
Page 14
Item 8 – METHODS OF ANALYSIS, INVESTMENT STRATEGIES
Page 15
AND RISK OF LOSS
Item 9 – DISCIPLINARY INFORMATION
Page 34
Item 10 – OTHER FINANCIAL INDUSTRY ACTIVITIES AND AFFILIATIONS
Page 35
Item 11 – CODE OF ETHICS, PARTICIPATION, OR INTEREST IN CLIENT
Page 36
TRANSACTIONS AND PERSONAL TRADING
Item 12 – BROKERAGE PRACTICES
Page 37
Item 13 – REVIEWS OF ACCOUNTS
Page 45
Item 14 – CLIENT REFERRALS AND OTHER COMPENSATION
Page 46
Item 15 – CUSTODY
Page 47
Item 16 – INVESTMENT DISCRETION
Page 48
Item 17 – VOTING CLIENT SECURITIES
Page 49
Item 18 – FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Page 55
3 | P a g e
ITEM 4 – ADVISORY BUSINESS
DSM was founded in March 2001 by Stephen E. Memishian and Daniel B. Strickberger. In general,
DSM employs a bottom-up, growth stock selection investment process with an intermediate to long-term
investment horizon. DSM combines fundamental research with a valuation methodology designed to
reduce risk and enhance long-term returns. DSM seeks growing businesses with attractive returns, solid
business fundamentals, and intelligent management. There is no guarantee that DSM’s investment
process will be successful or that clients will not incur losses.
DSM typically provides advisory services to a client on a discretionary basis pursuant to model
investment strategies. The model investment strategies are US Large Cap Growth, Global Growth,
Dividend Growth, Global Focus Growth, and Runway. DSM has, and expects to continue to create, test
and manage other model investment strategies with employees and employee related accounts prior to
managing client assets in the models. In general, such strategies are subject to DSM’s policy and
procedures listed herein with certain exceptions.
A client can invest in DSM model investment strategies through separately managed accounts, sub-
advisory relationships, pooled investment vehicles, and wrap-fee programs. However, not all client
accounts will match the relevant model investment strategy at all times. Clients are generally permitted to
impose reasonable restrictions on their accounts such as prohibiting or restricting certain issuers or
industries. Any restrictions could cause an account to differ from a model investment strategy and
adversely impact performance. The inception date of a client account can also cause significant
differences from the relevant model investment strategy and the differences could last for a considerable
period. There is no set time in which a new client account will match the relevant model investment
strategy. In addition, when contributions and withdrawals are made to or from a client account, the
transactions made to satisfy the contributions or withdrawals could cause the account to be different than
the model investment strategy for a period. Moreover, a client account might differ from the relevant
model investment strategy while DSM is executing investment changes to a model investment strategy.
This list is not exhaustive of all possible reasons why a client account might not match the relevant model
investment strategy.
As noted above, clients can impose reasonable restrictions on the management of their accounts,
including restricting the purchase of particular securities or types of securities. DSM has discretion to
reject a restriction that DSM believes to be unreasonable. Client imposed restrictions or guidelines that
do not expressly provide compliance evaluation periods are typically implemented by DSM at month end.
In addition, client-imposed percentage-based restrictions (e.g., do not hold more than 12% of XYZ) are
applied on a rounded, whole-number basis unless specifically stated otherwise. For example, an account
with a restriction limiting a holding of XYZ to no more than 12% could reach 12.50% in that holding
without violation and DSM would not be required to take any action until the end of the month.
Additionally, DSM will not generally be considered in breach of a restriction in cases of a “passive
breach,” such as one resulting from an issuer’s actions beyond DSM’s control or from market fluctuations
during a compliance evaluation period. DSM utilizes the Global Industry Classification Standard (GICS),
which was developed by MSCI and Standard & Poor's, in connection with its advisory services. The
GICS structure consists of 11 sectors, 25 industry groups, 74 industries and 163 sub-industries. The
structure applies to companies globally and is reviewed annually. DSM also utilizes self-created sectors
(e.g., Internet, Business Services, etc.) in its advisory business. DSM reserves the right to change the
methodology it uses to analyze and apply restrictions without notice to clients.
Common stocks, preferred stocks, convertible securities, rights, and warrants are examples, but not all, of
the equity securities of issuers in which DSM generally invests. All investments in equity securities are
subject to market risks that can cause their prices to fluctuate over time. DSM can invest in equity
4 | P a g e
securities of domestic and foreign issuers. In determining whether an issuer is domestic or foreign, DSM
considers, in its sole discretion, various factors including, but not limited to, where the issuer’s principal
trading market is located, where the issuer is headquartered, where the issuer’s principal operations are
located, and/or the country in which the issuer is legally organized. The weight given to each of these
factors will vary depending upon the facts and circumstances as determined by DSM and they can change
over time without notice. DSM has traditionally defined shares of foreign domiciled issuers that
primarily trade on US exchanges or over-the-counter markets (defined below) as domestic equity
securities. Although it will seek to apply determinations consistently across all model investment
strategies and client accounts, DSM could classify any security differently among strategies and there can
be material differences due to various factors, including, but not limited to, business matters, legal
restrictions, regulatory rules, and taxes. While DSM primarily invests in equity securities of foreign
issuers located in developed market countries, it also invests in issuers in developing or emerging market
countries. DSM also invests in US dollar-denominated securities of foreign issuers, including, but not
limited to, American Depositary Receipts (“ADRs”).
Unless a client has specified in writing that DSM cannot hold cash of more than a specified amount, DSM
could choose from time to time to assume a temporary defensive position by investing all or a portion of a
client’s assets in cash, cash equivalents, including those of foreign countries, money market instruments,
or securities of other no-load mutual funds.
It is important to note that even where DSM advises clients with respect to the same or similar securities,
there can be timing differences related to the transmission of that advice to clients and a subsequent
determination of whether to act on that advice. DSM could execute trades for clients in advance of DSM
communicating with other clients about those trades. As a result, some clients could receive prices that
are less favorable than prices obtained for other clients. In other cases, DSM could decide to separate
advice for types of clients. These client accounts could also deviate from DSM’s model investment
strategy.
DSM does not participate in class-actions.
As of December 31, 2025, DSM’s discretionary assets under management were approximately USD
$6,881,000,000 and its non-discretionary assets under management were approximately USD
$683,000,000.
Model Investment Strategies
DSM has five published model investment strategies each designed to meet a particular investment goal.
The model strategies are US Large Cap Growth, Global Growth, Dividend Growth, Global Focus
Growth, and Runway. DSM has, and expects to continue to create, test and manage other model
investment strategies with employees and employee related accounts prior to managing client assets in the
models. In general, such strategies are subject to DSM’s policy and procedures listed herein.
US Large Cap Growth
In general, the US Large Cap Growth strategy will invest in domestic equity securities of US large
capitalization issuers. Domestic equity securities, as determined by DSM in its discretion, include, but
are not limited to, common stocks, preferred stocks, securities convertible into common stocks, rights,
and warrants. Shares of foreign domiciled issuers that primarily trade on a US exchange are generally
considered by DSM to be domestic equity securities. Also as determined by DSM, issuers that issue
domestic equity securities could be domiciled and/or headquartered anywhere in the world. The US
Large Cap Growth strategy can generally invest up to 20% of its assets in equity securities of foreign
issuers. A large capitalization issuer is one that has a market capitalization of more than USD 10 billion
at the time of purchase. The US Large Cap Growth strategy can also invest in equity securities of issuers
5 | P a g e
that have a market capitalization below USD 10 billion at the time of purchase. The US Large Cap
Growth strategy generally will contain 25 to 35 equity securities.
Global Growth
In general, the Global Growth strategy will invest in equity securities of large capitalization issuers.
Equity securities, as determined by DSM in its discretion include, but are not limited to, common stocks,
preferred stocks, securities convertible into common stocks, rights, and warrants. The Global Growth
strategy has no limit on the amount of its assets it can invest in equity securities of domestic or foreign
issuers. A large capitalization issuer is one that has a market capitalization of more than USD 10 billion at
the time of purchase. The Global Growth strategy can also invest up to 20% of its net assets in equity
securities of issuers that have a market capitalization below USD 10 billion at the time of purchase. The
Global Growth strategy generally will contain 25 to 50 equity securities.
Dividend Growth
In general, the Dividend Growth strategy will invest in equity securities without regard to market
capitalization. Equity securities, as determined by DSM in its discretion include, but are not limited to,
common stocks, preferred stocks, securities convertible into common stocks, rights, and warrants. The
Dividend Growth strategy has no limit on the amount of its assets it can invest in equity securities of
domestic or foreign issuers. The Dividend Growth strategy generally seeks to have an average dividend
yield in the range of 1% to 2% and generally will contain 25 to 35 equity securities.
Global Focus Growth
In general, the Global Focus Growth strategy will invest in equity securities of large capitalization issuers.
Equity securities, as determined by DSM in its discretion include, but are not limited to, common stocks,
preferred stocks, securities convertible into common stocks, rights, and warrants. The Global Focus
Growth strategy has no limit on the amount of its assets it can invest in equity securities of domestic or
foreign issuers. A large capitalization issuer is one that has a market capitalization of more than USD 10
billion at the time of purchase. DSM historically purchased non-US securities (otherwise known as local
shares) for this model investment strategy. Clients can specifically authorize DSM to purchase American
Depositary Receipts or similar securities instead of non-US securities (local shares) for this strategy. The
Global Focus Growth strategy generally will contain 15 or fewer equity securities.
Runway
In general, the Runway strategy will invest in domestic equity securities of US Mid and Large
capitalization issuers. Domestic equity securities, as determined by DSM in its discretion, include, but are
not limited to, common stocks, preferred stocks, securities convertible into common stocks, rights, and
warrants. Shares of foreign domiciled issuers that primarily trade on a US exchange are generally
considered by DSM to be domestic equity securities. Also as determined by DSM, issuers that issue
domestic equity securities could be domiciled and/or headquartered anywhere in the world. The Runway
strategy can generally invest up to 15% of its assets in equity securities of foreign issuers. A large
capitalization issuer is one that has a market capitalization of more than USD 10 billion at the time of
purchase while a mid-capitalization issuer is one that typically has a market capitalization of more than
USD 5 billion at the time of purchase. The Runway strategy generally will contain 60 to 100 equity
securities.
Investment Vehicles
Clients and prospective clients can typically invest with DSM through separately managed accounts,
pooled investment vehicles, and wrap-fee programs.
6 | P a g e
Separately Managed Accounts
In general, a separately managed account is an individual investment account held by a qualified
custodian and managed by DSM on a discretionary basis for a fee. Please see Item 5 for information
regarding DSM’s management fees for separately managed accounts. The minimum amount required to
open a separately managed account under the US Large Cap Growth strategy and Runway strategy is
USD 1,500,000, subject to DSM’s discretion. The minimum amount required to open a separately
managed account under the Global Growth strategy, the Global Focus Growth strategy, and the Dividend
Growth strategy is USD 5,000,000, subject to DSM’s discretion. Once a model investment strategy has
been selected by a client, the account will be managed based on that model. However, each client will
have the opportunity to place reasonable restrictions on their account. DSM can choose not to accept an
account in its sole discretion.
Pooled Investment Vehicles
A pooled investment vehicle invests in a portfolio of securities that DSM manages and issues interests to
multiple persons. DSM manages three sponsored pooled investment vehicles: two US domiciled and one
non-US domiciled, each as described below. DSM also provides advisory and sub-advisory services to
other pooled investment vehicles that are not listed herein. Where DSM is the investment adviser or sub-
advisory to a pooled investment vehicle, investment objectives, guidelines, and any investment
restrictions are generally not tailored to the needs of individual investors in those vehicles, but rather are
described in the prospectus or other relevant offering documents for the vehicle.
DSM All World Growth Trust - The DSM All World Growth Trust is a Delaware Statutory Trust
organized for Accredited Investors, as defined by the Securities Act of 1933, who are also Qualified
Purchasers, as defined by the Investment Company Act of 1940. The DSM All World Growth Trust
has two investment options: the US Large Cap Growth strategy and the Global Growth strategy.
Prior to making any investment in the Trust, qualified, prospective investors should carefully review
the offering documents of the Trust for a comprehensive understanding of its terms and conditions.
This information is intended merely as a summary and is provided for discussion purposes only and
does not constitute an offer, agreement, or binding commitment by anyone.
DSM US Large Cap Growth CIF - The DSM US Large Cap Growth CIF is a Collective Investment
Fund with an intermediate to long-term investment horizon, generally investing in domestic equity
securities of large capitalization issuers. The DSM US Large Cap Growth CIF is generally managed
under the US Large Cap Growth strategy. The Fund is not regulated under the Investment Act of
1940 but is instead under the regulatory authority of the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency.
Prior to making any investment in the Fund, prospective investors should carefully review the
offering documents of the Fund for a comprehensive understanding of its terms and conditions. This
information is intended merely as a summary and is provided for discussion purposes only and does
not constitute an offer, agreement, or binding commitment by anyone.
DSM Capital Partners Funds – The DSM Capital Partners Funds was incorporated for an unlimited
period on February 21, 2014 as a société d’investissement à capital variable under the laws of the
Grand Duchy of Luxembourg and qualifies as an open-ended SICAV under part I of the Law of 2010.
DSM Capital Partners Funds presently has two sub-funds: the Global Growth Sub-Fund and the US
Large Cap Growth Sub-Fund. Both the Global Growth and US Large Cap Growth Sub-Funds are
managed according to the respective DSM model strategy, with the following ESG restrictions: The
Global Growth and US Large Cap Growth Sub-Fund may not invest its net assets in instruments
issued by issuers active in the following areas: (i) tobacco, (ii) pornography, (iii) fossil fuel
production, (iv) fossil fuel services, (v) controversial weapons, (vi) weapons and/or munitions, (vii)
alcohol, and (viii) gambling. Notwithstanding the foregoing (and subject to the excluded investments
referenced above), the Global Growth Sub-Fund may still invest in companies having revenues up to
7 | P a g e
a maximum of 5% related to (i) fossil fuel services, (ii) weapons and/or munitions, (iii) alcohol and
(iv) gambling. DSM also adheres to the Norges Bank Investment Management ESG exclusion list of
companies for the Global Growth and US Large Cap Growth Sub-Funds and will not include any
securities that appear on the Norges Bank exclusion list. DSM has determined that both the Global
Growth and US Large Cap Growth Sub-Funds promote ESG by investing in companies with strong
revenue growth, stable earnings stream, and quality management teams, with consideration given
towards the companies’ environmental, social and governance characteristics according to article 8 of
SFDR under Regulation (EU) 2019/2088. These companies tend to have an elevated awareness of
sustainable practices and good governance, and the Sub-Funds seek to promote climate change
mitigation in their investment process. However, such investments currently do not qualify as
environmentally sustainable investments within the meaning of article 3 of regulation (EU) 2020/852
on the establishment of a framework to facilitate sustainable investment, as amended (the “Taxonomy
Regulation”). DSM is keeping this situation under active review and where sufficient reliable, timely
and verifiable data on the Sub-Funds’ investments in light of the requirements of the Taxonomy
Regulation as well as its Delegated Regulation (EU) 2021/2139 become available, DSM will provide
the descriptions referred to above, in which case the offering documents of the DSM Capital Partners
Funds will be updated. Prior to making any investment in the DSM Capital Partners Funds,
prospective investors should carefully review the offering documents of the DSM Capital Partners
Funds for a comprehensive understanding of its terms and conditions. This information is intended
merely as a summary and is provided for discussion purposes only and does not constitute an offer,
agreement, or binding commitment by anyone.
Wrap-Fee Programs
In general, a wrap-fee program is a program under which a client is charged a fee by a “Sponsor” for
investment advisory services, execution of investment transactions, and custody. These programs are
generally sponsored either by an investment adviser or broker-dealer unaffiliated with DSM. Consistent
with applicable law, clients are permitted to impose reasonable restrictions on the management of their
accounts, including restricting particular securities or types of securities, provided DSM accepts such
restrictions. With respect to wrap-fee clients, absent specific instructions to the contrary, certain types of
restrictions, for example, prohibiting investment in particular industries or socially responsible categories,
could be defined, identified, and restricted by the Sponsor. In a wrap-fee program, a representative of the
Sponsor will typically work with a client to determine his or her investment objectives, risk tolerance,
liquidity requirements, investment restrictions and other relevant suitability factors. Based on this
information and DSM’s investment philosophy and style, the representative might recommend placing all
or a portion of the client’s assets with DSM. For approved clients, DSM will manage their account in
accordance with the investment objectives established in the applicable DSM model investment strategy
as well as any reasonable restrictions imposed by the client.
DSM is paid a portion of the total wrap-fee charged by the Sponsor, typically receiving less than 0.45% of
a client’s assets. Because the wrap fee includes execution through the Sponsor or a Sponsor-designated
broker-dealer (“Program Broker”), client transactions are generally executed without commission charges
when effected by or through the Program Broker. However, if a transaction is executed through a broker
other than the Program Broker, the client bears all additional costs of commissions and other transaction
fees for the trade. As a result, DSM generally expects that it will execute most or all wrap client trades
The wrap-fee paid by clients in this program will generally exceed DSM’s management fee for a
separately managed account. In evaluating a wrap-fee arrangement, a client should recognize that
commission rates are not negotiated by DSM. In addition, the Sponsor could charge additional costs, and
the Sponsor maintains the discretion to modify the fee sharing arrangement with DSM. DSM does not
control the fees or the billing arrangements in a wrap-fee program. For a complete description of a wrap-
fee arrangement, including billing practices and account termination provisions, clients in wrap-fee
8 | P a g e
programs should review the Sponsor’s brochure. Clients in wrap-fee programs should also satisfy
themselves that the Sponsor is able to provide best execution of transactions. Clients should be aware
that transactions in wrap-fee programs will generally produce increased trading flow for the Sponsor. In
addition, clients in wrap-fee programs should also be aware of the risks related to wrap account turnover
(i.e., reverse churning).
Because wrap client transactions are generally executed without commission charge, a disparity in
commission charges can exist between the commissions charged to a client in a wrap-fee program and
DSM’s other clients, including clients in other wrap-fee programs. A client in a wrap-fee program should
also consider that, depending upon the level of the fee charged by the Sponsor, the amount of portfolio
activity in the client’s account, the value of custodial and other services that are provided, and certain
other factors, a wrap-fee could exceed the aggregate cost of such services if they were provided
separately. DSM only manages client assets in wrap-fee programs when a client is presented to DSM by
the Sponsor of a program. DSM does not place potential clients in wrap-fee programs. The Sponsor has
the sole discretion over client acceptance. Please see the discussion on conflicts listed in this Item 4 as
well as in Item 12 – Brokerage Practices.
Portfolio Licensing
DSM also participates in portfolio licensing programs in which it does not trade a client’s account. In
such programs, DSM provides the sponsor of the portfolio licensing program with DSM’s model
investment strategy for the sponsor to implement for its clients’ accounts. Please see the discussion on
conflicts listed in this Item 4 as well as in Item 12 – Brokerage Practices.
9 | P a g e
ITEM 5 – FEES AND COMPENSATION
In general, the fee that a client pays to DSM will be a percentage of the market value of the assets in the
client’s account on the last trading day of each calendar quarter by using market quotations when they are
readily available. When market quotations are not readily available (or as otherwise determined by
DSM), the securities held in client accounts are to be fair valued in good faith by DSM.
Fees are typically payable at the end of each quarter for DSM’s services during the prior three months.
Some clients pay fees in advance (payment at the beginning of each quarter for services during the
upcoming three months). For certain client accounts, DSM will directly debit fees pursuant to the specific
terms in its agreement with the client. In the case of capital flows during a given quarter that exceed 10%
of the market value of the account, the fee will be pro-rated based on the number of days after an addition
or prior to a withdrawal (unless the adjustment is deemed de minimis by DSM). Accounts initiated or
terminated during a calendar quarter will be charged a prorated fee (with the exception of de minimis
amounts). Upon termination of any account, any prepaid, unearned fees will be refunded, and any earned,
unpaid fees will be due and payable.
Substantial consultant relationships, wrap-fee programs, including “dual-contract” wrap programs, pooled
investment vehicles, sub-advisory structures, clients in certain foreign countries, and other client
situations including, but not limited to, those with performance-based fees, are negotiable or vary and are
excluded from the fee schedules described in this section. DSM, in its discretion, groups certain client
accounts for the purpose of achieving the minimum account size and/or for determining the annualized
fee. DSM can add an additional fee tier for a very large account which, historically, has then applied to
all clients in the strategy. In addition, DSM typically has “seed” investors in its model investment
strategies, including but not limited to, the Large Cap Growth strategy, Global Focus Growth strategy,
Runway strategy, as well as in new model investment strategies who pay a fee rate less than that shown
below.
Certain investment advisory contracts also have “most favored nation” provisions, which allow clients
who meet certain criteria and characterizations (including, among other things, type of client, timing and
size of investment made, and legacy status of client) to elect certain terms, rights, or fees. DSM, in its
sole discretion, shall determine whether a client meets the necessary criteria and characterization to elect
terms, rights or fees under any “most favored nation” provision. Except as otherwise agreed with a client,
DSM is not required to disclose the terms of investment advisory contracts with other clients. In addition,
DSM may enter into certain side letter arrangements with certain investors in US and non-US pooled
investment vehicles or other vehicles not required to be registered under applicable regulations
(commonly referred to as “Private Funds”) providing such investors with different or preferential rights,
terms, including, but not limited to, different management fees, waiver of minimum contributions and
interest charges, agreeing to different admission dates, withdrawal dates, notice periods, other restrictions,
and permitting the revocation of withdrawal notices. Except as otherwise agreed with an investor or
required by law, DSM is not required to disclose the terms of side letter arrangements with other
investors, inform any client or investor of more favorable fee arrangements or other preferential terms
provided to another client or investor or to offer another client or investor equally favorable terms.
Separately Managed Accounts
In its sole discretion, DSM can elect to reduce, waive, or calculate differently the fees payable by clients
that are employees of DSM, relatives of such persons, or personal acquaintances of such persons. Clients
should note that similar advisory services could be available from other investment advisers for similar or
lower fees. DSM’s fees are exclusive of brokerage commissions, transaction fees, and other related costs
and expenses which are incurred by a client. A client will incur charges imposed by custodians, broker-
dealers, third party investments or other parties such as fees charged by other managers, deferred sales
10 | P a g e
charges, transfer taxes, wire transfer and electronic fund fees, and other fees and taxes on brokerage
accounts and securities transactions.
Global Growth
The annualized fee for a separately managed account in the Global Growth strategy will be charged as a
percentage of assets under management according to the schedule below:
AUM
Annualized Fee
First USD 25 million
From USD >25 million to USD 50 million
From USD >50 million to USD 100 million
From USD >100 million to USD 200 million
Over USD 200 million
0.65%
0.60%
0.55%
0.50%
0.45%
US Large Cap Growth
The annualized fee for a separately managed account in the US Large Cap Growth strategy will be
charged as a percentage of assets under management according to the schedule below:
AUM under USD 200 Million
Annualized Tiered Fee
First USD 5 million
From USD >5 million to 20 million
From USD >20 million to 100 million
From USD >100 million
1.00%
0.75%
0.625%
0.50%
AUM =>USD 200 Million
Annualized Alternative Flat Fee
Entire Account Value
0.45%
Should an account start with USD 200 million or more, and withdraw money
below USD 200 million, the Annualized Alternative Flat Fee will revert to the
Annualized Tiered Fee above.
Global Focus Growth
The annualized fee for a separately managed account in the Global Focus Growth strategy will be charged
as a percentage of assets under management according to the schedule below:
AUM
Annualized Fee
All Asset Sizes
1.00%
Dividend Growth
The annualized fee for a separately managed account in the Dividend Growth strategy will be charged as
a percentage of assets under management according to the schedule below:
AUM
Annualized Fee
First USD 25 million
From USD >25 million to USD 50 million
From USD >50 million to USD 100 million
0.65%
0.60%
0.55%
11 | P a g e
From USD >100 million to USD 200 million
Over USD 200 million
0.50%
0.45%
Runway
The annualized fee for a separately managed account in the Runway strategy will be charged as a
percentage of assets under management according to the schedule below:
AUM
Annualized Fee
All Asset Sizes
.50%
DSM Pooled Investment Vehicles
For a pooled investment vehicle, DSM will generally enter into an investment advisory agreement that
entitles DSM to all or a certain portion of the pooled vehicle’s management fee based on its net assets.
Please refer to the offering documents of each pooled investment vehicle for a detailed discussion
regarding the fees received by DSM. As per applicable law, investors in a pooled investment vehicle are
not direct clients of DSM. The investment vehicle itself is DSM’s client.
Wrap-Fee Programs
In general, a wrap-fee program is a program under which the client of a Sponsor is charged a fee for
investment advisory services, execution of investment transactions, and custody. As noted in Item 4,
DSM is normally paid a portion of the total wrap-fee charged by the Sponsor, typically receiving up to a
maximum of 0.45% of client’s assets. Client transactions are executed without commission charges
provided that such transactions are affected by or through the Program Broker. In other words, clients in
a wrap-fee program will typically bear all additional costs of commissions and other transaction fees for
trades affected by or through a broker-dealer other than the Program Broker. The total wrap-fee paid by
clients in these programs will generally exceed DSM’s management fee for a separately managed
account. The Sponsor could charge additional costs and maintains the discretion to modify the fee
sharing arrangement with DSM. DSM does not control the fees or the billing arrangements in a wrap-fee
program. For a complete description of a wrap-fee arrangement including billing practices and account
termination provisions, clients in wrap-fee programs should review the Sponsor’s brochure.
12 | P a g e
ITEM 6 – PERFORMANCE-BASED FEES AND SIDE-BY-SIDE MANAGEMENT
DSM has entered into various performance-based fee arrangements with qualified clients. In general, a
performance-based fee is a fee based on capital appreciation (whether or not realized) of the assets of a
client’s account. Performance-based fee arrangements can vary among clients and model investment
strategies. Most performance-based fees have two components: a percentage of assets under management
(“base fee”) typically charged quarterly in arrears, plus a percentage of the difference between a client’s
account and that of an appropriate index charged annually. The index will be agreed to by DSM and the
client. Others could be subject to a performance-based fee that is paid only after a specified return has
been achieved (a “preferred return”). This list does not include all types of performance-based fees that
might be used by DSM from time to time. The fees charged for accounts with a performance fee are
negotiated on a client-by-client basis, considering DSM’s and the client’s fee objectives as well as the
size and composition of the assets. The fee calculation methodology, and examples of such calculations,
will be agreed to with the client before entering this type of arrangement. The base fee (based on the
percentage of assets under management) will be billed periodically in advance or arrears in accordance
with the terms of the investment advisory agreement.
DSM manages client accounts that pay performance-based fees and client accounts that pay asset-based
fees that utilize the same model investment strategy. Performance-based fees present a conflict of interest
for DSM because DSM can potentially receive greater fees from a client having a performance-based fee
than from a client it charges an asset-based fee. Where performance-based fee and non-performance-
based fee accounts are eligible to invest in the same assets, DSM would have an incentive to direct the
best investment ideas to, or to allocate or sequence trades in favor of, the client accounts that pay a
performance-based fee in order to earn greater compensation. Performance-based fees also create an
incentive for DSM to recommend investments which are riskier or more speculative than those which
might be recommended under a different fee arrangement, and DSM could receive increased
compensation with regard to unrealized appreciation in a client’s account should such assets appreciate in
value. DSM has policies and procedures reasonably designed to help ensure that all clients are treated
fairly and equally, and to prevent conflicts from influencing the allocation of investment opportunities
among clients. DSM’s policies and procedures relating to allocation of investment opportunities are
noted in Item 12. In addition, to qualify for a performance-based fee, a client must meet certain minimum
regulatory requirements.
Clients with performance-based fees who elect to terminate their advisory agreements are charged a fee
based on the performance of the account for the measuring period going back from the termination date
and pro-rated from the date on which the performance-based fee was last assessed. In measuring the
value of a client’s assets for the calculation of performance-based fees, DSM uses market quotations that
are readily available and fair valuation procedures, if necessary, of securities over the period. When fair
valuing securities, DSM faces a conflict because its compensation would be increased by higher account
values or greater appreciation.
13 | P a g e
ITEM 7 – TYPES OF CLIENTS
DSM provides investment advice to individuals, banks, thrift institutions, investment companies, pension
and profit-sharing plans, trusts, estates, charitable organizations, corporations, or other business entities.
As noted in Item 4, DSM also provides investment advice to US and non-US pooled investment vehicles.
DSM could recommend that clients who meet the investor qualification standards for these vehicles invest
if appropriate. Clients solely determine whether a particular pooled investment vehicle presents them
with tax consequences or reporting requirements. Clients and potential clients in any pooled investment
vehicle should refer to the vehicle’s offering documents regarding the types of investments utilized in
managing the vehicle’s assets as well as the associated risks of such vehicles.
Conditions for Managing a Separate Account
The minimum amount required to open a separately managed account under the US Large Cap Growth
strategy and Runway Strategy is USD 1,500,000, subject to DSM’s discretion. The minimum amount
required to open a separately managed account under the Global Growth strategy, the Global Focus
Growth strategy, and the Dividend Growth strategy is USD 5,000,000, subject to DSM’s discretion.
DSM also has discretion to group certain client accounts for the purposes of achieving the minimum
account size and/or for determining the annualized fee.
Conditions for Pooled Investment Vehicles
There is a minimum required investment of USD 1,000,000, subject to DSM’s discretion, for the DSM
All World Growth Trust. There is a minimum required investment of USD/Euro 25,000, 1,000,000 AUD,
and 100,000,000 JPY, subject to DSM’s discretion, for the DSM Capital Partners Funds (SICAV). There
is no stated minimum investment for the DSM US Large Cap Growth CIF.
Conditions for Wrap-Fee Programs
DSM generally requires a minimum investment of USD 100,000 per client in a wrap-fee program. Wrap-
fee Sponsors could allocate accounts below this amount to DSM; however, DSM can determine not to
accept any wrap-fee account for any reason. Clients in wrap-fee programs should refer to the Sponsor’s
brochure for information on minimum account size requirements or any other conditions for participation
in a wrap-fee program.
14 | P a g e
ITEM 8 – METHODS OF ANALYSIS, INVESTMENT STRATEGIES AND RISK OF LOSS
DSM’s investment philosophy is based on the belief that high-quality companies, which consistently
grow their earnings, can generate strong returns over time, provided their shares are purchased at
reasonable valuations. DSM’s decision-making process utilizes both a fundamental and a valuation
analysis to evaluate investment opportunities. The investment team, working alongside the Chief
Investment Officer (“CIO”), applies a rigorous research approach and valuation discipline, irrespective of
the company’s industry, geography, or market capitalization.
As a “bottom-up stock picker,” DSM focuses on thorough analysis to select the best positions. The
portfolio is constructed by choosing companies that align with the strategy’s objectives, sector needs,
position limits, and geographical focus. Additionally, DSM ensures sector and industry diversification to
minimize excessive risk. Typically, each Analyst/PM collaborates closely with the CIO to make joint
investment decisions. The CIO, along with the Deputy CIOs, then votes on buy/sell decisions, with a
simple majority required for approval. As of January 2024, a representative from DSM’s Risk Committee
participates in all final buy/sell and trim/add discussions, although they do not have voting rights. DSM
invests in stocks when the company’s fundamentals are strong, and the valuation is attractive based on the
next four quarters of earnings. This combination of research and valuation discipline aims to reduce risk
while enhancing returns.
DSM is a research-driven organization. There are three components of the work DSM’s team carries out
for each company. The first component is fundamental research. The second component is the
development of a detailed earnings model (quarterly for each of the next four quarters and annually for
each of the following three years). The final component involves setting a target P/E.
In its investment process, DSM leverages Bloomberg’s wide range of modules for comprehensive
company research, economic data, news flow, screening, and performance attribution. The firm also
relies on custom Excel spreadsheets for portfolio management and research, and uses Visible Alpha to
gain a more accurate view of street consensus and enhance its modeling capabilities. Additionally, DSM
also seeks to identify experienced management teams. Beyond analyzing company results over several
years, DSM attends “Wall Street” sponsored conferences, offering an opportunity to screen a broad range
of companies in a particular industry and attend small group meetings with top executives. Importantly,
in addition to such sponsored conferences, DSM also attends industry conferences that span several days,
providing a “full immersion” with the company, its competitors, and its customers. The firm regularly
attends company-sponsored analysts’ days as well. While DSM reviews “Wall Street” research, it
primarily uses it as a supplement to its own proprietary work. A key aspect of DSM’s qualitative
company research involves engaging with industry experts. The firm typically sources these experts
through certain entities, which, for a fee, connect investment managers with specialists to address specific
questions. DSM has also utilized expert networks and other third-party providers to design and distribute
surveys that help it better understand critical investment issues.
After the qualitative research is complete, the analyst utilizes that research to create a detailed proprietary
projection of earnings per share estimates over the next three years. These projections are based on
thorough modelling of the company, discussions with the management and competitors, a study of the
candidate’s industry and the critical factors that drive industry growth. A historical financial analysis is
completed as well. The income statement and cash flow statements are particularly emphasized both
historically and prospectively.
In its stock valuation work, DSM focuses primarily on P/E ratios. P/E is the ratio of a company’s share
price to its per-share earnings. DSM will generally only buy a stock that it believes has a forward four-
quarter P/E ratio that will rise over the next three years. To accomplish this, a target P/E ratio that DSM
15 | P a g e
believes is reasonable, rational, and reflective of a fair value three years from now is selected. DSM will
typically buy when the company’s stock clears two hurdles: 1. It must have attractive fundamental
business characteristics that DSM believes will translate into a reasonably predictable and growing stream
of earnings and 2. It must have a P/E on forward four quarters earnings that is normally 8% to 10% below
the target P/E three years from the calculation point. In order to determine a target P/E, DSM takes into
consideration a number of qualitative and quantitative factors. Among the qualitative factors are barriers
to entry, number of competitors, economic cyclicality, customer loyalty, price competition, global reach,
government involvement and management quality. Among the quantitative factors are historic revenue
and EPS growth, projected revenue and EPS growth, margins, return on assets, return on equity, capital
expenditures relative to net income and the historic range of P/E over the last five years. Once a target P/E
has been agreed upon, it could occasionally be adjusted.
Additionally, ESG is an important part of DSM’s investment process and is fully integrated into its stock
selection, monitoring, and selling processes. DSM assigns a proprietary ESG score to every company we
research. Scores range from CCC to AAA, and DSM utilizes MSCI’s ESG Ratings and Controversies as a
starting point to make adjustments to ESG scores across key categories: (1) UN Global Compact
Compliance – DSM monitors whether companies are designated as Pass, Watchlist or Fail; (2)
Environment – Companies are evaluated based on (i) whether they have a Net Zero target year and what
target date is set, (ii) whether they report Scope 1, 2, and 3 greenhouse gas emissions, and (iii) a
proprietary environmental controversy score; (3) Social – Companies are evaluated based on (i) privacy &
data policies, (ii) human capital management, and (iii) a proprietary social controversy score; (4)
Governance – Companies are evaluated based on (i) whether they report their board diversity and their
percentage of diverse board members, (ii) board effectiveness, (iii) executive compensation, (iv)
ownership and control, and (v) a proprietary governance controversy score. Each Analyst/Portfolio
Manager at DSM completes in-depth research on ESG issues impacting a company and assigns scores
using a consistent in-house methodology. DSM stores all ESG communications and developments in
centralized folders on Bloomberg so that companies’ ESG histories and DSM’s ESG activities are
available to all Analyst/Portfolio Managers. In addition to weekly updates from MSCI, DSM’s
investment team utilizes in-depth ongoing monitoring to identify ESG issues not fully captured by MSCI.
DSM evaluates ESG issues for individual companies and at the portfolio level. ESG scores are included
in DSM’s internal research summaries and have an impact on DSM’s investment decisions and our
overall assessment of a stock, which affect position sizing and selection. ESG considerations have both
kept DSM from investing in certain companies and have led to selling portfolio holdings.
At a client’s request or per fund mandate, DSM can apply exclusionary restrictions that accommodate
responsible investment considerations as well as restrictions specified by a client that could generally
prohibit the purchase of certain securities, either individually or by region, sector, or both.
DSM’s investment team is responsible for proactively engaging with companies to better understand a
company’s approach to ESG and potentially influence ESG related corporate practices. DSM
communicates with management and investor relations teams of current and potential portfolio
companies, and engagements may take the form of direct in-person meetings, calls, emails, or letters. In
determining the prioritization of engagements, DSM considers, among other things: (1) the materiality of
the issue; (2) the significance of the portfolio position; (3) the ability to effect change in company
practices; and (4) the ability to escalate if necessary. The length of each engagement will vary based on
the materiality of the issue, a company’s response, and how the information gathered is integrated into
DSM’s investment process.
DSM monitors the progress and outcome of its engagements on an ongoing basis to evaluate the actions,
if any, taken by a company as well as what further actions may be necessary. If there are ESG violations
by a company that are severe and not being adequately addressed, DSM may escalate the matter through
16 | P a g e
(1) letter writing to the board of directors, (2) relevant proxy voting, (3) or selling the position. However,
DSM believes that we are in the best position to improve ESG outcomes when we as shareholders are
interacting with management and will first seek to engage with them to influence a positive resolution of
the issues in question.
Clients should understand that all of DSM’s model investment strategies and the investments purchased,
sold, and/or traded for such strategies involve risk of loss, including the potential loss of the entire
investment in their account. The investment performance and the success of any model investment
strategy or particular investment can never be predicted or guaranteed, and the value of a client’s
investment will fluctuate due to market conditions and other factors. The investment decisions made and
the actions taken for any model investment strategies as well as for any client account will be subject to
various markets, liquidity, currency, economic, political, and other risks. The value of investments and
the income derived from investments can go down as well as up. Past performance is not indicative of
future results and future returns are not guaranteed. The nature of the securities to be purchased, sold
and/or traded based on any model investment strategy and the investment techniques to be employed in an
effort to increase profits could increase the risks. The identification and exploitation of investment
opportunities involves uncertainty, and no assurances can be given that any model investment strategy or
client account will be able to locate investment opportunities or to correctly exploit inefficiencies in the
markets. Many unforeseeable events, including actions by governmental authorities, such as the US
Federal Reserve Board and foreign central banks, pandemics, geopolitical conflict, and economic or other
sanctions imposed could cause sharp market fluctuations that impact clients’ investments.
The following is a summary of material risks for the model investment strategies employed by DSM as
well as the securities purchased, sold, and/or traded in a client account for those strategies. The
information contained in this Brochure cannot disclose every potential risk associated with every model
investment strategy, or all the risks applicable to a particular client account. Rather, it is a general
description of the nature and risks of the model investment strategies and securities purchased, sold,
and/or traded in client accounts. In addition, investors in DSM pooled investment vehicles should
carefully review the prospectuses, offering memorandums and constituent documents for additional
information about risks associated with those products.
Uncertainty Risks
Clients and investors should be aware that political, social, and economic uncertainty creates and
exacerbates risks and could impact DSM’s model investment strategies, processes, and methods of
analysis. Social, political, economic, and other conditions and disruptive events (such as natural disasters,
epidemics and pandemics, terrorism, war, conflicts, and social unrest) will occur that create uncertainty
and have significant impacts on issuers, industries, governments, and other systems, including the
financial markets, to which DSM’s clients and their investments are exposed. As global systems,
economies and financial markets are increasingly interconnected, events that once had only local impact
are now more likely to have regional or even global effects. Events that occur in one country, region or
financial market will, more frequently, adversely impact issuers in other countries, regions, or markets,
including in established markets such as the United States. These impacts can be exacerbated by failures
of governments and societies to adequately respond to an emerging event or threat.
The COVID-19 pandemic is an example of a disruptive event that created substantial uncertainty. New
variants of the virus that causes COVID-19 continue to evolve and, in some cases, have (i) increased the
rate at which the virus spreads and, in some cases, the severity of infections and (ii) impacted the efficacy
of vaccines that have been developed, prolonging and in some cases increasing economic disruption.
Reactions to COVID-19 by national, state, and local governments, public health authorities, private
businesses and the general public have been varied and, in some cases, have had significant impacts.
17 | P a g e
Similarly, the conflict between Russia and Ukraine and invasion of Ukraine by Russia has led to significant
sanctions against Russia and persons connected with Russia by the United States, Europe and other
countries, and exacerbated global supply and pricing issues, particularly those related to oil and gas. Such
actions present material uncertainty and risk with respect to DSM’s performance and the ability to achieve
its investment objectives. The Israel-Hamas war has resulted in significant loss of life and increased
volatility in the Middle East, and there is a risk that the war could worsen or spread within the region. The
conflict between Israel and Hamas and the involvement of the US and other countries could present material
uncertainty and risk with respect to DSM’s performance and the ability to achieve its investment objectives.
The extent and duration of the military action and any market disruptions are impossible to predict but
could be substantial. Rising tension between China and Taiwan over a forced reunification have caused
concerns in the region and globally. China sees self-ruled Taiwan as a breakaway province that will
eventually be part of China again. Previous efforts by China’s leadership sought to bring about reunification
by non-military means. Beginning in 2021, concerns escalated when China began sending military aircraft
into Taiwan’s air defense zone, a self-declared area where foreign aircraft are identified, monitored, and
controlled in the interests of Taiwan’s national security. These actions have caused Taiwan and other
countries to fear further escalation in the region. Any escalation of hostility between China and/or Taiwan
would likely have a significant adverse impact on the value of investments in both countries and on
economies, markets, and individual securities globally, which would present material uncertainty and risk
with respect to DSM’s performance and the ability to achieve its investment objectives.
These and similar circumstances that are likely to evolve in the future, although unpredictable, are likely
to impact the global economy and, therefore, represent a risk, even for DSM clients that do not have
direct exposure to Russia or Ukraine, China, or Taiwan, to areas or industries impacted by COVID-19 or
to any future disruptive event.
Uncertainty can result in or coincide with, among other things: increased volatility in the financial
markets for securities, derivatives, loans, credit and currency; a decrease in the reliability of market prices
and difficulty in valuing assets; greater fluctuations in spreads on debt investments and currency exchange
rates; increased risk of default or bankruptcy; further social, economic, and political instability;
nationalization of private enterprise; greater governmental involvement in the economy or in social
factors that impact the economy; changes to governmental regulation and supervision of markets and
market participants and decreased or revised monitoring of markets by governments or self-regulatory
organizations and reduced enforcement of regulations (or, conversely, increasingly burdensome
regulations); limitations on the activities of investors; controls or restrictions on foreign investment,
capital controls and limitations on repatriation of invested capital; the significant loss of liquidity and the
inability to purchase, sell and otherwise fund investments or settle transactions (including, but not limited
to, a market freeze); unavailability of currency hedging techniques; substantial, and in some periods
extremely high, rates of inflation, which can last many years and have substantial negative effects on
financial markets as well as the economy as a whole; recessions; and difficulties in obtaining and/or
enforcing legal judgments.
Although it is impossible to predict the precise nature, scope, duration or consequences of these (or
similar and future) disruptive events, or of any political or policy decisions and regulatory changes
occasioned by emerging events or uncertainty on applicable laws or regulations that impact DSM, DSM’s
clients and their investments, it is clear that these types of events are impacting and will, for at least some
time, continue to impact DSM’s clients and the companies in which DSM’s clients invest and in many
instances the impact will be adverse and profound. There can be no assurance that such emerging events
will not cause a client to suffer a loss of any or all its investments. Clients would also be negatively
affected if DSM’s operations and effectiveness or that of its key personnel or service providers is
compromised or if necessary or beneficial systems and processes are disrupted.
18 | P a g e
As a result, each of the risks discussed in Item 8 of this Brochure (as well as similar discussions in the
disclosure documents of our pooled investment vehicles) is subject to, and should be considered in light
of, continuing uncertainty risk.
Economic Risk
Although the world’s economies have seen improvement since 2008, the effects of the global financial
crisis continue to exist. In addition, the negative impacts and uncertainty stemming from the sovereign
debt crisis and economic difficulties in Europe and US continue to impact the global economic recovery
and markets. These events and possible continuing market turbulence can have an adverse effect on
DSM’s model investment strategies and any and all client accounts. In response to the global financial
crisis, the US government, the Federal Reserve, and other governments and other foreign central banks
took steps to support financial markets. However, risks to a growth persist: a potentially weak consumer,
the growing size of the federal budget deficit and national debt, and inflation. There is continued concern
about national-level support for the euro and the accompanying coordination of fiscal and wage policy
among European Economic and Monetary Union (“EMU”) member countries. There are also many risks
still associated with respect to “Brexit,” the United Kingdom’s withdrawal from the European Union. The
first is the psychological impact on consumers and investors created by the uncertainty of the situation.
The second concern is the actual economic impact of the withdrawal from the Union. There is also
substantial uncertainty regarding the evolving legal regime. While certain EU laws have been “onshored”
into the UK, such laws could be repealed, replaced, or amended over time and the future regulatory
framework in the UK could continue to diverge from corresponding provisions of EU law. There is also
the risk that other nations might withdraw from the EU. This list not exhaustive of all possible risks
associated with Brexit. Member countries are required to maintain tight control over inflation, public
debt, and budget deficit to qualify for membership in the European EMU. These requirements can
severely limit European EMU member countries’ ability to implement monetary policy to address
regional economic conditions. A return of unfavorable economic conditions could impair DSM’s ability
to execute on its model investment strategies and in client accounts.
Capital Markets Risk
There has been substantial turmoil in financial markets generally, including declines in the market value
of asset-backed securities, especially securities backed by “subprime” mortgages. Such turmoil has
resulted in part from significant market events, including widely publicized financial institution failures
and associated governmental and regulatory intervention in capital markets. Credit and valuation
problems in the subprime mortgage market generated extreme volatility and illiquidity in the markets for
securities directly or indirectly exposed to subprime mortgage loans. This volatility and illiquidity
extended to the global equity markets generally, and was exacerbated by, among other things, growing
uncertainty regarding the extent of the problems in the mortgage industry and the degree of exposure of
financial institutions and others to such problems, decreased risk tolerance by investors and significantly
tightened availability of credit. The duration and ultimate effect of these market conditions cannot be
predicted, nor is it known whether or the degree to which such conditions could worsen. Such issues
could lead to losses on investment opportunities for any model investment strategy and any client
account, otherwise prevent DSM from successfully executing a model investment strategy or require a
model strategy or any client account to dispose of investments at a loss while such adverse conditions
prevail.
Geopolitical Risk and Terrorism
An unstable geopolitical climate as well as continued threats of terrorism could have a material effect on
general economic conditions, market conditions and market liquidity. In addition, war, a pandemic or
natural disaster could severely disrupt global, national. and/or regional economies. A negative impact on
economic fundamentals and consumer confidence could increase the risk of default of particular
investments, negatively impact market values, increase market volatility, and cause credit spreads to
19 | P a g e
widen and reduce liquidity, all of which could have an adverse effect on the investment strategies and
client accounts. No assurance can be given as to the effect of such events on the value of or markets for
the investments made pursuant to a model investment strategy. Therefore, such issues could lead to
losses on investment opportunities for any model investment strategy and any client account, otherwise
prevent DSM from successfully executing a model investment strategy or require a model strategy or any
client account to dispose of investments at a loss while such adverse conditions prevail.
Regulatory Risk
Actions by regulators in the US and other countries, including as related to recent and prior disruptive
events, could adversely impact clients. The nature and scope of governmental actions is always difficult
to predict, and the success or failure of any governmental program, and the impact of such programs on
the global economy or the value or liquidity of a client’s holdings, is often indeterminate for a substantial
period. Any such impact could be material. Future legal, tax and regulatory changes could also adversely
affect a client account and the ability to pursue DSM investment strategies and/or increase the costs of
implementing such strategies. There can be no assurance that regulatory actions will not have an adverse
effect on the value or marketability of securities held by a client. Furthermore, no assurance can be made
that the US Government or any US regulatory body (or any non-US authority or regulatory body) will not
continue to take further legislative or regulatory action in response to pandemics, social unrest, armed
conflict, economic turmoil or other disruptive events, and the effect of such actions, if taken, cannot be
known. The same risks also apply to all jurisdictions outside of the US. Regulatory or other government
actions, therefore, could lead to losses on investment opportunities for any model investment strategy and
any client account, prevent DSM from successfully executing a model investment strategy or require a
model strategy or any client account to dispose of investments at a loss.
Cybersecurity Risk
The computer systems, networks and devices used by DSM to conduct business operations employ a
variety of protections designed to prevent damage or interruption from computer viruses, network
failures, computer and telecommunication failures, infiltration by unauthorized persons and security
breaches. Despite the various protections, systems, networks, or devices potentially can be breached. A
client could be negatively impacted as a result of a cybersecurity breach. Cybersecurity breaches can
include unauthorized access to systems, networks, or devices; infection from computer viruses or other
malicious software code; and attacks that shut down, disable, slow, or otherwise disrupt operations,
business processes, or website access or functionality. Cybersecurity breaches can cause disruptions and
impact business operations, potentially resulting in financial losses to a client; interference with DSM’s
ability to calculate the value of an investment; prevent trading; the inability for DSM to transact business;
violation of applicable privacy and other laws; regulatory fines, penalties, reputational damage,
reimbursement or other compensation costs, or additional compliance costs; as well as the inadvertent
release of confidential information. Similar adverse consequences could result from cybersecurity
breaches affecting: issuers of securities in which a client invests; governmental and other regulatory
authorities; exchange and other financial market operators, banks, brokers, dealers, insurance companies,
and other financial institutions; and other parties. In addition, substantial costs could be incurred by these
entities in order to prevent any future cybersecurity breaches. In some cases, national governments have
conducted or supported cyber-attacks for geopolitical reasons, which has increased the risk, incidence,
and severity of cybersecurity breaches. Such breaches could lead to losses on investment opportunities
for any model investment strategy and any client account, otherwise prevent DSM from successfully
executing a model investment strategy or require a model strategy or any client account to dispose of
investments at a loss while such adverse conditions prevail.
Concentration of Investment Risk
In general, DSM’s model investment strategies are not limited in the amount of capital that can be
committed to any one security, investment, industry, or sector. A client’s account will typically hold one
20 | P a g e
or more positions that are relatively large and are concentrated in a single issuer or a group of related
issuers or in a single industry or sector. The result of such concentration is that a loss in any such position
could materially reduce a client’s account.
Strategy Risk
Each DSM model investment strategy is subject to strategy risk. Strategy risk is associated with the
failure or deterioration of an entire strategy (such that most or all investments in the strategy suffer
significant losses). Strategy-specific losses can result from excessive concentration by multiple advisors
in the same investment or broad events that adversely affect particular strategies (e.g., illiquidity within a
given market). Many of the strategies employed by DSM are speculative and involve risk of loss. Such
issues could therefore lead to losses on investment opportunities for any model investment strategy and
any client accounts, otherwise prevent DSM from successfully executing a model investment strategy or
require a model strategy or any client accounts to dispose of investments at a loss while such adverse
conditions prevail.
Equity Securities Risk
DSM will invest in common and preferred stock and other equity securities. Equity securities generally
will be subordinate to the debt securities and other indebtedness of the issuers of such equity securities.
Prices of equity securities generally fluctuate more than prices of debt securities and are more likely to be
affected by poor economic or market conditions, general stock market fluctuations and changes in market
confidence and perceptions of their issuers. Investor perceptions are based on various and unpredictable
factors, including expectations regarding governmental, economic, monetary, and fiscal policies, inflation
and interest rates, economic expansion, or contraction, and global or regional political, economic, or
financial crises. In some cases, the issuers of such equity securities could be highly leveraged or subject
to other risks such as limited product lines, markets, or financial resources. Some of the small and mid-
capitalization issuers of equity securities in which a client account could invest can tend to be more
vulnerable to adverse business or market developments, have more limited markets or financial resources
and less experienced management than larger companies. In addition, some equity securities are illiquid.
Due to perceived or actual illiquidity or investor concerns regarding leveraged capitalization, certain
equity securities often trade at significant discounts to otherwise comparable investments or are not
readily tradable. Such securities generally do not produce current income for client accounts and can also
be speculative. In addition, actual and perceived accounting irregularities could cause dramatic price
declines in the equity securities of companies reporting such irregularities or that are rumored to be
subject to accounting irregularities. Such issues could lead to losses on investment opportunities for any
model investment strategy and any client account, otherwise prevent DSM from successfully executing a
model investment strategy or require a model strategy or any client account to dispose of investments at a
loss while such adverse conditions prevail.
American Depositary Receipts Risk
DSM model investment strategies can invest in American Depositary Receipts, European Depositary
Receipts, and Global Depositary Receipts (collectively, “ADRs”). ADRs are certificates evidencing
ownership of shares of a foreign issuer. These certificates are issued by depositary banks, and the
underlying shares are held in trust by a custodian bank or similar financial institution in the issuer’s home
country. ADRs can be purchased in over-the-counter (“OTC”) markets or on securities exchanges. DSM
can arrange through a broker/dealer to purchase a foreign security on the issuer’s primary securities
exchange and convert the security to a US dollar-denominated ADR. ADRs can also be sold in a similar
manner. ADRs can be sponsored or unsponsored. A sponsored ADR is issued by a depositary which has
an exclusive relationship with the issuer of the underlying security. Unsponsored ADRs are issued by a
number of US depositaries. Under the terms of most sponsored arrangements, depositaries agree to
distribute notices of shareholder meetings and voting instructions and to provide shareholder
communications and other information to the ADR holders at the request of the issuer of the deposited
21 | P a g e
securities. The depositary of an unsponsored ADR, on the other hand, is under no obligation to distribute
shareholder communications received from the issuer of the deposited securities or to pass through voting
rights to ADR holders in respect of the deposited securities. Client accounts can invest in either type of
ADR. A foreign issuer of the security underlying an ADR is generally not subject to the same reporting
requirements in the United States as a domestic issuer. Accordingly, information available to a US
investor will be limited to the information the foreign issuer is required to disclose in its country, and the
market value of an ADR might not reflect undisclosed material information concerning the issuer of the
underlying security. ADRs are also subject to exchange rate risks if the underlying foreign securities are
denominated in a foreign currency. ADRs do not eliminate the risks inherent in investing in the securities
of foreign issuers. Such issues could lead to losses on investment opportunities for any model investment
strategy and any client account, otherwise prevent DSM from successfully executing a model investment
strategy or require a model strategy or any client account to dispose of investments at a loss while such
adverse conditions prevail.
“Over-the-Counter” Securities Risk
DSM model investment strategies can buy or sell securities in the over-the-counter (“OTC”) markets. The
OTC market includes securities of foreign issuers quoted through the OTC Bulletin Board Service
(“OTCBB”). The OTCBB provides real-time quotations for securities of foreign issuers, including ADRs
convertible into such securities, which are registered with the SEC under Section 12 of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934. The OTC market also includes “pink sheet” securities (“Pink Sheets”) published
by Pink Sheets LLC (formerly known as the National Quotation Bureau, Inc.), a quotation medium for
unregistered securities of domestic and foreign issuers, including unregistered ADRs convertible into
such securities. Pink Sheets LLC is not registered with the SEC as a stock exchange, nor does the SEC
otherwise regulate its activities. Pink Sheets LLC is not required to provide real-time quotations and does
not require issuers whose securities are quoted on its systems to meet any listing requirements. Except for
certain foreign issuers, the issuers quoted in the Pink Sheets are often thinly traded. Many of these issuers
do not file periodic reports or audited financial statements with the SEC. For these reasons, issuers quoted
in the Pink Sheets can involve greater risk. Investments in certain markets can be made through ADRs
traded in the United States or on foreign markets or exchanges. Foreign markets are generally not as
developed or efficient as, and can be more volatile than, those in the US. While growing in volume, they
usually have substantially less volume than US markets and a security could be less liquid and subject to
more rapid and erratic price movements than securities of comparable US issuers. Securities could trade
at price/earnings multiples higher than comparable US securities and such levels might not be sustainable.
Commissions on foreign exchanges are generally higher than commissions on US exchanges. While there
are an increasing number of overseas securities markets that have adopted a system of negotiated rates, a
number are still subject to an established schedule of minimum commission rates. There is generally less
government supervision and regulation of foreign exchanges, brokers, and listed companies than in the
United States. Moreover, settlement practices for transactions in foreign markets can differ from those in
US markets. Such differences could include delays beyond periods customary in the United States and
practices, such as delivery of securities prior to receipt of payment, which increase the likelihood of a
“failed settlement.” Failed settlements can result in losses to a client. Such issues could lead to losses on
investment opportunities for any model investment strategy and any client account, otherwise prevent
DSM from successfully executing a model investment strategy or require a model strategy or any client
account to dispose of investments at a loss while such adverse conditions prevail.
Securities of Foreign Issuers Risk
DSM model investment strategy can invest in equity securities of foreign issuers. In determining whether
an issuer is foreign, DSM will consider various factors including where the issuer is headquartered, where
the issuer’s principal operations are located, where the issuer’s revenues are derived, where the principal
trading market is located and the country in which the issuer is legally organized. The weight given to
each of these factors will vary depending upon the circumstances and as determined by DSM.
22 | P a g e
Investments in securities of foreign issuers could involve a greater degree of risk than those in securities
of domestic issuers. Securities of foreign issuers can be subject to greater fluctuations in price than
domestic securities. The price of foreign securities is affected by changes in the currency exchange rates.
Potential political or economic instability of the country of the issuer, as well as potential, threatened or
active armed conflict, especially in emerging or developing countries, could cause rapid and extreme
changes in the value of an investment. Foreign countries have different accounting, auditing and financial
reporting standards, and foreign issuers are often subject to less governmental regulation and oversight,
less stringent investor protections and disclosure standards, and higher levels of taxation than US issuers.
Also, many countries are not as politically or economically developed as the US. Acts of foreign
governments interfering in capital markets, such as capital or currency controls, nationalization of
companies or industries, expropriation of assets, tariffs, sanctions, or imposition of punitive taxes would
have an adverse effect on an investment. In addition, additional costs could be incurred in connection
with a foreign investment. Foreign brokerage commissions are generally higher than those in the United
States. Increased custodial costs, as well as administrative difficulties, could be experienced in connection
with maintaining assets in foreign jurisdictions. Such issues could lead to losses on investment
opportunities for any model investment strategy and any client account and could otherwise prevent DSM
from successfully executing a model investment strategy or require a model strategy or any client account
to dispose of investments at a loss while such adverse conditions prevail.
Sanctions Risk
Investments in foreign companies and countries are subject to economic sanctions and trade laws in the
United States and other jurisdictions. These laws and related governmental actions, including counter-
sanctions and other retaliatory measures, can, from time to time, prohibit an investor from investing in
certain countries and companies. Investments in certain countries and companies could be, and have in
the past been, restricted because of the imposition of economic sanctions. If a client invests in a county or
issuer that becomes subject to economic sanctions, DSM could be forced to sell or dispose of investments
at inopportune times or prices, which could result in losses and increased costs.
In addition, economic sanctions could prohibit transacting with a particular country or countries,
organizations, companies, entities, and/or individuals by banning a sanctioned country from global
payment systems that facilitate cross-border payments, restricting the settlement of securities transactions
by certain investors, and freezing the assets of particular countries, entities, or persons. The imposition of
sanctions and other similar measures could, among other things, cause a decline in the value of securities
issued by the sanctioned country or companies located in or economically linked to the sanctioned
country, downgrades in the credit ratings of the sanctioned country or companies located in or
economically linked to the sanctioned country, devaluation of the sanctioned country’s currency, and
increased market volatility and disruption in the sanctioned country and throughout the world. In addition,
such economic sanctions or other government restrictions could negatively impact the value or liquidity
of a client’s portfolio, significantly delay or prevent the settlement of securities transactions, and could
lead to losses on investment opportunities for any model investment strategy and any client account and
could otherwise prevent DSM from successfully executing a model investment strategy or require a
model strategy or any client account to dispose of investments at a loss.
Non-US Exchanges Risk
DSM model investment strategies can engage in trading on non-US exchanges and markets. Trading on
non-US exchanges or markets can be conducted in such a manner that all participants are not afforded an
equal opportunity to execute certain trades and can also be subject to a variety of political influences and
the possibility of direct governmental intervention. If settlement procedures are unable to keep pace with
the volume of transactions, it will be difficult to conduct such transactions. Any difficulty with clearance
or settlement procedures on non-US exchanges and markets could expose a client to losses. Such issues
could lead to losses on investment opportunities for any model investment strategy and any client
account, otherwise prevent DSM from successfully executing a model investment strategy or require a
23 | P a g e
model strategy or any client account to dispose of investments at a loss while such adverse conditions
prevail. In addition, foreign markets are generally not as developed or efficient as, and can be more
volatile than, those in the US. While growing in volume, these markets usually have substantially less
volume than US markets and securities can be less liquid and subject to more rapid and erratic price
movements than securities of comparable domestic issuers. Securities could trade at price/earnings
multiples higher than comparable US securities and such levels might not be sustainable. There is
generally less government supervision and regulation of foreign exchanges, brokers, and listed companies
than in the US. Moreover, settlement practices for transactions in foreign markets often differ from those
in US markets. Such differences can include delays beyond periods customary in the US and practices,
such as delivery of securities prior to receipt of payment, which increase the likelihood of a “failed
settlement.” Failed settlements can result in losses to a client.
Emerging Markets Risk
DSM model investment strategies can invest in emerging markets, and such investing involves additional
risks and special considerations not typically associated with investing in other more established
economies or securities markets. Such risks could include (i) increased risk of nationalization or
expropriation of assets or confiscatory taxation, (ii) greater social, economic and political uncertainty
including war, (iii) higher dependence on exports and the corresponding importance of international trade,
(iv) greater volatility, less liquidity and smaller capitalization of securities markets, (v) greater volatility
in currency exchange rates, (vi) greater risk of inflation, (vii) greater controls on foreign investment and
limitations on repatriation of invested capital and on the ability to exchange local currencies for US
dollars, (viii) increased likelihood of governmental involvement in and control over the economies, (ix)
governmental decisions to cease support of economic reform programs or to impose centrally planned
economies, (x) differences in auditing and financial reporting standards which could result in the
unavailability of material information about issuers, (xi) less extensive regulation of the securities
markets, (xii) longer settlement periods for securities transactions and less reliable clearance and custody
arrangements, (xiii) less developed corporate laws regarding fiduciary duties of officers and directors and
the protection of investors, (xiv) certain considerations regarding the maintenance of securities and cash
with non-US brokers and securities depositories and (xv) reduced ability to effectively exercise legal
rights or enforce a counterparty’s legal obligations. Such issues could lead to losses on investment
opportunities for any model investment strategy and any client account, otherwise prevent DSM from
successfully executing a model investment strategy or require a model strategy or any client account to
dispose of investments at a loss while such adverse conditions prevail.
China Risk
DSM model investment strategies can invest in securities of Chinese issuers. As a developing market,
investing in securities of Chinese issuers involves special risks, including: fluctuations in the rate of
exchange between China’s currency and the US Dollar, greater price volatility, illiquid markets, cost
inflation, investment and repatriation controls, less developed corporate disclosure and government
standards, and uncertainty of China’s ability to develop and sustain comprehensive securities, corporate
or commercial laws. Issuers of Chinese securities could be subject to changes in regulations and tax
policies as China has been engaged in economic and financial market liberalization. Investments in
securities of certain Chinese issuers could be subject to large fluctuations over short periods of time, and
governmental involvement in and influence on the private sector could also impact investments as the
Chinese government continues to liberalize its economy and regulatory system. Such issues could lead to
losses on investment opportunities for any model investment strategy and any client account, otherwise
prevent DSM from successfully executing a model investment strategy or require a model strategy or any
client account to dispose of investments at a loss while such adverse conditions prevail.
24 | P a g e
Currency Exposure Risk
DSM model investment strategies can invest in securities and other investments that are denominated in
currencies other than US dollars. Accordingly, the value of such assets can be affected favorably or
unfavorably by fluctuations in currency rates. A model investment strategy and related client account
might, but will not always, seek to hedge the foreign currency exposure and such hedging might not
necessarily be available or effective and will not always be employed. Accordingly, a model investment
strategy could at times be, directly or indirectly, subject to foreign exchange risks. In addition, clients
whose assets and liabilities are denominated predominately in other currencies should consider the
potential risk of loss arising from fluctuations in value between the US dollar and such other currencies.
Such issues could lead to losses on investment opportunities for any model investment strategy and any
client account, otherwise prevent DSM from successfully executing a model investment strategy or
require a model strategy or any client account to dispose of investments at a loss while such adverse
conditions prevail.
Convertible Securities Risk
DSM model investment strategies can invest in convertible securities. Convertible securities are
securities such as debt securities or preferred stock that can be converted into or exchanged for a
prescribed amount of common stock of the same or different issuer within a particular period at a
specified price or formula. A convertible security entitles the holder to receive interest paid or accrued on
debt or dividends paid on preferred stock until the convertible stock matures or is redeemed, converted, or
exchanged. While no securities investment is without risk, investments in convertible securities generally
entail less risk than investments in the issuer’s common stock. However, the extent to which such risk is
reduced depends in large measure upon the degree to which the convertible security sells above its value
as a fixed income security.
In addition to the general risk associated with equity securities discussed
above, the market value of convertible securities is also affected by prevailing interest rates, the credit
quality of the issuer and any call provisions. Additionally, the factors impacting the market price of a
convertible security can depend on the relation between the investment value and the conversion value:
when the investment value of the convertible security exceeds its conversion value, the price is likely to
increase when interest rates fall and to decrease when interest rates rise; but, when the conversion value
exceeds the investment value, the price of the convertible security tends to be dependent on the price of
the underlying security. While convertible securities generally offer lower interest or dividend yields than
nonconvertible debt securities of similar quality, they do enable the investor to benefit from increases in
the market price of the underlying common stock. Such issues could lead to losses on investment
opportunities for any model investment strategy and any client account, otherwise prevent DSM from
successfully executing a model investment strategy or require a model strategy or any client account to
dispose of investments at a loss while such adverse conditions prevail.
Rights and Warrants Risk
DSM model investment strategies can invest in rights and warrants. Rights and warrants are securities
which entitle the holder to purchase the securities of an issuer at a specified price during a specified
period. The value of a right or warrant is affected by many of the same factors that determine the prices of
common stocks. Rights and warrants can be purchased directly or be acquired in connection with a
corporate reorganization or exchange offer. A right is an instrument granting rights to existing
shareholders of a corporation to subscribe to shares of a new issue of common stock at below the public
offering price before the stock is offered to the public. A warrant is an instrument issued by a corporation
that gives the holder the right to subscribe to a specific amount of the corporation’s capital stock at a set
price for a specified period. Rights and warrants do not represent ownership of the securities, but only the
right to buy the securities. The prices of rights and warrants do not necessarily move parallel to the prices
of underlying securities. Rights and warrants could be considered speculative in that they have no voting
rights, pay no dividends, and have no rights with respect to the assets of a corporation issuing them. Such
issues could lead to losses on investment opportunities for any model investment strategy and any client
25 | P a g e
account, otherwise prevent DSM from successfully executing a model investment strategy or require a
model strategy or any client account to dispose of investments at a loss while such adverse conditions
prevail.
Investment Company Risk
DSM model investment strategies can invest in registered and unregistered investment companies, subject
to the limitations set forth in the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, (the “1940 Act”).
Investments in the securities of investment companies will likely result in the duplication of advisory fees
and certain other expenses. By investing in an investment company, a client becomes a shareholder of that
investment company. As a result, clients will indirectly bear a proportionate share of the fees and
expenses paid by shareholders of the investment company, in addition to the fees and expenses.
Moreover, losses on investment company issues could lead to losses on investment opportunities for any
model investment strategy and any client account, otherwise prevent DSM from successfully executing a
model investment strategy or require a model strategy or any client account to dispose of investments at a
loss while such adverse conditions prevail.
Exchange-Traded Funds Risk
DSM model investment strategies can invest in shares of exchange-traded funds (“ETFs”). ETFs are
investment companies which seek to replicate the performance, before fees and expenses, of an
underlying index of securities. An ETF is similar to a traditional mutual fund but trades at different prices
during the day on a securities exchange like a stock. Similar to investments in other investment
companies discussed herein, an investment in ETFs will involve duplication of advisory fees and other
expenses since a client will be investing in another investment company. The shares of an ETF in which a
client will invest will be listed on a national securities exchange and a client will purchase and sell these
shares on the secondary market at their current market price, which could be more or less than their net
asset value. Because ETFs seek to replicate the performance of an index of equity and or fixed income
securities, investments in ETFs have many of the same risks as direct investments in fixed income and
equity securities and the market value of an ETF’s shares is expected to rise and fall as the value of the
underlying index rises and falls. However, investors should be aware that ETFs are subject to “tracking
risk,” which is the risk that an ETF will not be able to replicate exactly the performance of the index it
tracks.
Unlike traditional mutual funds, shares of an ETF can be purchased and redeemed directly from the ETF
only in large blocks (typically, 50,000 shares or more) and only through participating organizations that
have entered into contractual agreements with the ETF. DSM does not expect to enter into such
agreements and therefore will not be able to purchase and redeem their ETF shares directly from the ETF
but will instead purchase and sell shares on the secondary market. As a purchaser of ETF shares on the
secondary market, a client will be subject to the market risk associated with owning any security whose
value is based on market price. ETF shares historically have tended to trade at or near their net asset
value, but there is no guarantee that they will continue to do so. Some ETFs are relatively illiquid, which
can lead to a large difference between the bid-ask prices for (increasing the cost of buying or selling the
shares of) the ETF and, potentially, resulting in the ETF trading at a significant premium or discount to its
net asset value. An ETF might suspend issuing new shares, which could result in an adverse difference
between the publicly available share price and the actual value of its holdings. When underlying holdings
are traded less frequently, or not at all, an ETF’s returns could also diverge from the benchmark it is
designed to track. In addition, certain ETFs in which a client could invest are leveraged. While leveraged
ETFs can offer the potential for greater return, the potential for loss and the speed at which losses can be
realized also are greater. Leveraged ETFs can deviate substantially from the performance of their
underlying benchmark over longer periods of time, particularly in volatile periods. Such issues could
lead to losses on investment opportunities for any model investment strategy and any client account and
could otherwise prevent DSM from successfully executing a model investment strategy or require a
26 | P a g e
model strategy or any client account to dispose of investments at a loss while such adverse conditions
prevail.
Illiquid Security Risk
DSM model investment strategies can invest in illiquid securities. Historically, illiquid securities have
included securities subject to contractual or legal restrictions on resale because they have not been
registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), securities which are
otherwise not readily marketable and repurchase agreements having a maturity of longer than seven days.
However, as described below, in some cases, securities subject to legal or contractual restrictions on
resales might not be deemed to be illiquid (see “Restricted Securities” below). Limitations on resale could
have an adverse effect on the marketability of portfolio securities and might be unable to dispose of
illiquid securities promptly or at reasonable prices. Nevertheless, such issues could lead to losses on
investment opportunities for any model investment strategy and any client account and could otherwise
prevent DSM from successfully executing a model investment strategy or require a model strategy or any
client account to dispose of investments at a loss while such adverse conditions prevail.
Restricted Security Risk
DSM model investment strategies can invest in restricted securities. Investing in securities that are
subject to restrictions on resale because they have not been registered under applicable law presents risk.
These securities are sometimes referred to as private placements. Although securities which can be resold
only to “qualified institutional buyers” in accordance with the provisions of Rule 144A under the
Securities Act of 1934 are technically considered “restricted securities,” DSM model investment
strategies can purchase and sell Rule 144A securities. DSM can also purchase certain commercial paper
issued in reliance on the exemption from regulations in Section 4(2) of the Securities Act (“4(2) Paper”).
DSM will determine, and thereafter monitor, the liquidity of Rule 144A securities and 4(2) Paper; if, as a
result of changed conditions, DSM determines that a Rule 144A security or 4(2) Paper is no longer liquid,
DSM will determine what action, if any, is appropriate, including continuing to hold such instrument for a
period to avoid a distressed sale which would be harmful. Limitations on the resale of restricted securities
could have an adverse effect on the marketability of portfolio securities and DSM might be unable to
dispose of restricted securities promptly or at reasonable prices and might thereby experience difficulty
satisfying redemption requirements. DSM might also have to register such restricted securities in order to
dispose of them, resulting in additional expense and delay for clients holding those restricted securities.
Additionally, any adverse market conditions prevailing at the time could impede such a public offering of
securities. Such issues could therefore lead to losses on investment opportunities for any model
investment strategy and any client account and could otherwise prevent DSM from successfully executing
a model investment strategy or require a model strategy or any client account to dispose of investments at
a loss while such adverse conditions prevail.
Large-Cap Company Risk
DSM model investment strategies invest in large-cap securities. Large cap company risk is the risk that
securities of larger issuers could underperform relative to those of small and mid-sized issuers. Larger,
more established issuers might be less able to respond quickly to new competitive challenges, such as
changes in technology and consumer tastes, than small or mid-sized companies. Many larger issuers
would not be able to attain the high growth rates of successful smaller issuers, especially during extended
periods of economic expansion. Such issues could therefore lead to losses on investment opportunities
for any model investment strategy and any client account and could otherwise prevent DSM from
successfully executing a model investment strategy o or require a model strategy or any client account to
dispose of investments at a loss while such adverse conditions prevail.
27 | P a g e
Small and Mid-Cap Company Risk
DSM model investment strategies can invest in small and mid-cap securities. Small and mid-cap risk is
the risk that securities of small and mid-sized capitalization issuers often experience greater price
volatility than large-cap issuers because small and mid-cap issuers are often newer or less established than
larger issuers and are likely to have more limited resources. Many small and mid-sized issuers might not
be able to attain the growth rates of successful larger issuers, especially during extended periods of
economic expansion. The securities issued by small- and mid-cap companies can be less liquid, and such
companies could have more limited markets, financial resources, and product lines, and lack the depth of
management of larger companies. Such issues could therefore lead to losses on investment opportunities
for any model investment strategy and any client account and could otherwise prevent DSM from
successfully executing a model investment strategy or require a model strategy or any client account to
dispose of investments at a loss while such adverse conditions prevail.
Growth Style Investment Risk
DSM model investment strategies invest in growth securities. Growth securities often sell at premium
valuations compared to other types of securities due to perceived quality but can suffer greater downside
movement when issuers falter. Growth securities can perform differently from the market as a whole and
from other types of securities. Growth securities can be designated as such and purchased based on the
premise that the market will eventually reward a given issuer’s long-term earnings growth with a higher
price when that issuer’s earnings grow faster than both inflation and the economy in general. Thus, a
growth style investment strategy attempts to identify issuers that the manager believes are experiencing or
will experience earnings growth at a faster rate than inflation and the economy. While growth securities
can react differently to issuer, political, market and economic developments than the market as a whole
and other types of securities by rising in price in certain environments, growth securities also tend to be
sensitive to changes in the earnings of their underlying issuers and more volatile than other types of
securities, particularly over the short term. During periods of adverse economic and market conditions,
the prices of growth securities can fall despite favorable earnings trends. Such issues could therefore lead
to losses on investment opportunities for any model investment strategy and any client account and could
otherwise prevent DSM from successfully executing a model investment strategy or require a model
strategy or any client account to dispose of investments at a loss while such adverse conditions prevail.
Industry and/or Sector Focus Risk
DSM model investment strategies can be subject to industry and/or sector focus risk. If a model
investment strategy is overweight a certain industry and/or sector, any negative development affecting
that industry and/or sector will have a greater impact on client accounts than if the accounts were not
overweight that industry sector. Such issues could therefore lead to losses on investment opportunities for
any model investment strategy and any client account and could otherwise prevent DSM from
successfully executing a model investment strategy or require a model strategy or any client account to
dispose of investments at a loss while such adverse conditions prevail.
Consumer Discretionary Sector Risk
DSM model investment strategies invest in the securities of issues in the consumer discretionary sector.
Because issuers in the consumer discretionary sector manufacture products and provide discretionary
services directly to the consumer, the success of these issuers is tied closely to the performance of the
overall domestic and international economy, interest rates, competition, and consumer confidence.
Success depends heavily on disposable household income and consumer spending. Changes in
demographics and consumer tastes also can affect the demand for, and success of, consumer discretionary
products in the marketplace. Such issues could therefore lead to losses on investment opportunities for
any model investment strategy and any client account and could otherwise prevent DSM from
successfully executing a model investment strategy or require a model strategy or any client account to
dispose of investments at a loss while such adverse conditions prevail.
28 | P a g e
Consumer Staples Sector Risk
DSM model investment strategies invest in the securities of issuers in the consumer staples sector. The
consumer staples sector could be affected by the permissibility of using various food additives and
production methods, fads, marketing campaigns and other factors affecting consumer demand. In
particular, tobacco companies have been, and could further be, adversely affected by new laws,
regulations, and litigation. The consumer staples sector could also be adversely affected by changes or
trends in commodity prices, which can be influenced or characterized by unpredictable factors. Such
issues could therefore lead to losses on investment opportunities for any model investment strategy and
any client account and could otherwise prevent DSM from successfully executing a model investment
strategy or require a model strategy or any client account to dispose of investments at a loss while such
adverse conditions prevail.
Energy Sector Risk
DSM model investment strategies invest in the securities of issuers in the energy sector. The profitability
of issuers in the energy sector is related to worldwide energy prices, exploration, and production
spending. Such issuers also are subject to risks of depletion of resources, changes in exchange rates,
government regulation, world events, and economic conditions, and the market, economic and political
risks associated with the countries where energy issuers are located or do business. Oil and gas
exploration and production can be significantly affected by natural disasters. Oil exploration and
production companies can be adversely affected by changes in exchange rates, interest rates, government
regulation, world events, and economic conditions. Oil exploration and production issuers can be at risk
for environmental damage claims. Such issues could therefore lead to losses on investment opportunities
for any model investment strategy and any client account and could otherwise prevent DSM from
successfully executing a model investment strategy or require a model strategy or any client account to
dispose of investments at a loss while such adverse conditions prevail.
Financials Sector Risk
DSM model investment strategies invest in the securities of issuers in the financial sector. The financial
services industries are subject to extensive government regulation, can be subject to relatively rapid
change due to increasingly blurred distinctions between service segments, and can be significantly
affected by availability and cost of capital funds, changes in interest rates, the rate of corporate and
consumer debt defaults, and price competition. Numerous financial services issuers have experienced
substantial declines in the valuations of their assets, taken action to raise capital (such as the issuance of
debt or equity securities), or even ceased operations. These actions have caused the securities of many
financial services issuers to experience a dramatic decline in value. Issuers that have exposure to the real
estate, mortgage and credit markets have been particularly affected by the foregoing events and the
general market turmoil, and it is uncertain whether or for how long these conditions will continue. Such
issues could therefore lead to losses on investment opportunities for any model investment strategy and
any client account, otherwise prevent DSM from successfully executing a model investment strategy or
require a model strategy or any client account to dispose of investments at a loss while such adverse
conditions prevail.
Health Care Sector Risk
DSM model investment strategies invest in the securities of issuers in the healthcare sector. The
profitability of issuers in the healthcare sector would generally be adversely affected by extensive
government regulation, restrictions on government reimbursement for medical expenses, rising costs of
medical products and services, pricing pressure, an increased emphasis on outpatient services, limited
number of products, industry innovation, changes in technologies and other market developments. Many
healthcare issuers are heavily dependent on patent protection. The expiration of patents would adversely
affect the profitability of these issuers. Many healthcare issuers are subject to extensive litigation based on
29 | P a g e
product liability and similar claims. Healthcare issuers are subject to competitive forces that could make it
difficult to raise prices and, in fact, can result in price discounting. Many new products in the healthcare
sector require regulatory approvals, which can be a long and costly process to obtain. Such issues could
therefore lead to losses on investment opportunities for any model investment strategy and any client
account and could otherwise prevent DSM from successfully executing a model investment strategy or
require a model strategy or any client account to dispose of investments at a loss while such adverse
conditions prevail.
Industrials Sector Risk
DSM model investment strategies invest in the securities of issues in the industrial sector. The prices of
issuers in the industrials sector are affected by supply and demand both for their specific product or
service and for industrials sector products in general. The products of manufacturing issuers can face
product obsolescence due to rapid technological developments and frequent new product introduction.
Government regulation, world events and economic conditions can affect the performance of issuers in
the industrials sector. Issuers in the industrials sector can be at risk for environmental damage and product
liability claims. Industrials sector companies could also be adversely affected by disruptions in the supply
and distribution chain and in the labor market, which can be exacerbated by disruptive events such as the
COVID-19 pandemic and geopolitical conflicts. Such issues could therefore lead to losses on investment
opportunities for any model investment strategy and any client account and could otherwise prevent DSM
from successfully executing a model investment strategy or require a model strategy or any client account
to dispose of investments at a loss while such adverse conditions prevail.
Materials Sector Risk
DSM model investment strategies invest in the securities of issuers in the material sector. Issuers in the
materials sector could be adversely affected by commodity price volatility, exchange rates, import
controls and increased competition. Production of industrial materials often exceeds demand as a result of
overbuilding or economic downturns, leading to poor investment returns. Issuers in the materials sector
are at risk for environmental damage and product liability claims. Issuers in the materials sector could
also be adversely affected by depletion of resources, technical progress, labor relations, and changes in
government regulations. Such issues could therefore lead to losses on investment opportunities for any
model investment strategy and any client account and could otherwise prevent DSM from successfully
executing a model investment strategy or require a model strategy or any client account to dispose of
investments at a loss while such adverse conditions prevail.
Technology Sector Risk
DSM model investment strategies invest in securities of issuers in the technology sector. Information
technology issuers face intense competition, both domestically and internationally, which could have an
adverse effect on profit margins. Like other technology issuers, information technology issuers can have
limited product lines, markets, financial resources, or personnel. The products of information technology
issuers often face product obsolescence due to rapid technological developments and frequent new
product introduction, unpredictable changes in growth rates and competition for the services of qualified
personnel. Technology issuers and issuers that rely heavily on technology, especially those of smaller,
less-seasoned issuers, tend to be more volatile than the overall market. Issuers in the information
technology sector are heavily dependent on patent and intellectual property rights. The loss or impairment
of these rights would adversely affect the profitability of these issuers. Finally, while all issuers are
potentially susceptible to network security breaches, certain issuers in the information technology sector
have been, and are likely to continue to be, targets of hacking and potential theft of proprietary or
consumer information or disruptions in service, which could have a material adverse effect on their
businesses. These risks are heightened for information technology issuers in foreign markets. Such issues
could therefore lead to losses on investment opportunities for any model investment strategy and any
client account and could otherwise prevent DSM from successfully executing a model investment strategy
30 | P a g e
or require a model strategy or any client account to dispose of investments at a loss while such adverse
conditions prevail.
Telecommunications Services Sector Risk
DSM model investment strategies invest in securities of issuers in the telecommunications services sector.
The telecommunications sector is subject to extensive government regulations. The costs of complying
with governmental regulations, delays, or failure to receive required regulatory approvals, or the
enactment of new regulatory requirements can negatively affect the business of telecommunications
issuers. Government actions around the world, specifically around pre-marketing clearance of products
and prices, can be arbitrary and unpredictable. The telecommunications market is characterized by
increasing competition and regulation by various state, federal and international regulatory authorities.
Issuers in the telecommunications sector could encounter distressed cash flows due to the need to commit
substantial capital to meet increasing competition, particularly in formulating new products and services
using new technology. Technological innovations might make the products and services of certain
telecommunications issuers obsolete. Such issues could therefore lead to losses on investment
opportunities for any model investment strategy and any client account and could otherwise prevent DSM
from successfully executing a model investment strategy or require a model strategy or any client account
to dispose of investments at a loss while such adverse conditions prevail.
Short-Term Instrument Risk
DSM model investment strategies can invest in short-term money market instruments issued by the
United States or abroad (e.g., Australia, Canada), denominated in US dollars or any foreign currency.
Short-term money market instruments include repurchase agreements, short-term fixed or variable rate
certificates of deposit, time deposits with a maturity no greater than 180 days, bankers’ acceptances,
commercial paper rated A-1 by S&P or Prime-1 by Moody’s or in other similar money market securities.
Certificates of deposit represent an institution’s obligation to repay funds deposited with it that earn a
specified interest rate over a given period. Bankers’ acceptances are negotiable obligations of a bank to
pay a draft, which has been drawn by a customer, and are usually backed by goods in international trade.
Time deposits are non-negotiable deposits with a banking institution that earn a specified interest rate
over a given period. Certificates of deposit and time deposits generally can be withdrawn on demand but
could be subject to early withdrawal penalties that could reduce performance. DSM model investment
strategies can also invest in other high-quality fixed income securities denominated in US dollars, any
foreign currency or in a multi-national currency unit (e.g., the European Currency Unit). Nevertheless,
such instruments could lead to losses on investment opportunities for any model investment strategy and
any client account and could otherwise prevent DSM from successfully executing a model investment
strategy or require a model strategy or any client account to dispose of investments at a loss while such
adverse conditions prevail. Additionally, the returns on short-term instruments often will be less than the
fee rate and expenses of an account.
Temporary Defensive Position Risk
Subject to any client-imposed restrictions, DSM’s model investment strategies can assume a temporary
defensive position in its investment strategies by investing all or a portion of its assets in cash, cash
equivalents money market instruments, or securities of other no-load mutual funds. The money market
instruments in which DSM’s model investment strategy could invest include US government securities,
commercial paper, bankers’ acceptances, certificates of deposit, interest-bearing savings deposits of
commercial banks, repurchase agreements concerning securities in which DSM can invest and money
market mutual funds. DSM could also invest in short-term money market instruments issued outside the
United States. Clients that invest in shares of a mutual fund or other pooled investment vehicle will bear
the advisory and other fees of the fund. When taking temporary defensive positions, accounts could
experience returns that are less than the account’s fees and expenses. Such issues could lead to losses on
investment opportunities for any model investment strategy and any client account and could otherwise
31 | P a g e
prevent DSM from successfully executing a model investment strategy or require a model strategy or any
client account to dispose of investments at a loss while such adverse conditions prevail.
Custodian and Counterparty Risk
Each client account is subject to the risk of the inability of its custodians, brokers and dealers and
counterparties to safeguard assets or to perform with respect to transactions, whether due to bankruptcy,
insolvency, or other causes. The bankruptcy or insolvency of any such institutions could result in a
portfolio and client accounts losing all or a portion of its assets held with such institutions or the
termination of any outstanding transactions. In addition, brokers and dealers, custodians and
counterparties could use sub-custodians and disclaim responsibility for any losses that result therefrom.
DSM shall not be liable for any such custodians, brokers, dealers, and counterparties. In addition, client
accounts could use counterparties and custodians located in various jurisdictions outside the US. Such
local counterparties and custodians are subject to various laws and regulations in various jurisdictions that
are designed to protect their customers in the event of their insolvency that might be less protective than
in the US. However, the practical effect of these laws and their application to client assets are subject to
substantial limitations and uncertainties. Investors should assume that the insolvency of any non-US
counterparty or custodian would result in a loss which could be material. Additionally, to the extent a
custodian is located in a sanctioned country, the client could be unable to access, or restricted accessing,
account assets or payment systems.
Valuation Risk
DSM is responsible for valuing the securities and other investments comprising the assets of a client’s
account. Typically, the valuations would be “marked to market” by reference to the last generally
available price quotation. However, where a security is subject to any resale restriction, lack of available
price quotations, illiquid market conditions or other factors preventing immediate liquidity, DSM has the
sole and absolute discretion to value such security using its best good faith estimate as to fair value. This
causes the potential for a conflict of interest because a higher fair value assigned to such security will
result in greater management fees, and performance fees (if applicable), for DSM. Valuations assigned to
securities and other investments are not necessarily equivalent to the value that can be realized on the sale
of those securities and other investments.
Turnover Risk
DSM model investment strategies could involve frequent investment transactions. As a result, the
turnover in clients’ accounts and their brokerage commission expenses could significantly exceed those of
other investments and vehicles of comparable size and could also reduce investment gains or increase
investment losses.
Litigation Risk
Litigation can and does occur in the ordinary course of the investment management business. DSM could
become engaged in litigation both as a plaintiff and as a defendant. Such litigation can arise as a result of
issuer defaults, issuer bankruptcies, or other reasons. In certain cases, such issuers might bring claims or
counterclaims against DSM and its respective principals and employees alleging violations of securities
laws and other typical issuer claims and counterclaims seeking significant damages. DSM and its
employees might be indemnified by a pooled investment vehicle or client. The expense of defending
against third-party claims generally would be borne by the pooled vehicle and reduce net assets or by the
firm itself.
Infrastructure Risk
Most of DSM’s personnel are physically located around the firm’s headquarters in Florida. Although
DSM has a business continuity plan, a back-up generator, and a dedicated disaster-recovery site, loss of
the building and/or the key personnel, whether through fire, terrorist action, hurricane, or some other
32 | P a g e
catastrophic event, could nonetheless adversely affect DSM’s operations and the investment returns of
client accounts. A serious impairment to the infrastructure of the building also could adversely affect
DSM’s operations and the investment returns of client accounts.
Access to Nonpublic Information Risk
DSM could obtain material, nonpublic information regarding issuers of securities that are investments or
potential investments of a model investment strategy. Such access to material, nonpublic information will
impair the ability of client accounts to purchase or sell investments when, and upon the terms, DSM
might otherwise desire.
ESG Risk
ESG is an important part of DSM’s investment process and is fully integrated into its stock selection,
monitoring, and selling processes. There is no guarantee that DSM’s ESG policy will result in the
optimal asset allocation or portfolio construction leading to the best risk-adjusted returns. Moreover, the
companies or industries subject to negative screening might not necessarily correspond directly with a
client’s or investor’s own subjective views or ethical and moral standards or ESG aspirations. ESG
considerations can be based on company disclosures and/or third-party information sources that are
forward looking statements of intent and not necessarily fact-based or objectively measurable. This lack
of uniformity and objective metrics can lead to missed opportunities or miscalculations as to the realized
future impact of perceived positive and negative ESG factors on company fundamentals, leading to less
than desired investment outcomes. DSM makes no express or implied representations or warranties
regarding the accuracy, completeness, effectiveness, fairness, or fitness for a particular purpose with
respect to ESG assessments, negative screens, integration, or engagement activities.
Sustainability Risk
A “sustainability risk” means an environmental, social or governance event or condition that, if it occurs,
could cause an actual or a potential material negative impact on the value of the investment. If a
sustainability risk associated with an investment materializes, it could lead to the loss in value of an
investment. Sustainability risks can vary from investment to investment and could include, but are not
limited to, risks of environmental damage, social risks (including safety and human rights violations and
exploitation), governance risks (inadequate oversight and internal governance of the companies, including
management and board structure, compensation and approach to anti-bribery and anti-corruption,
litigation risks linked to ESG issues), as well as the risk of political and regulatory changes on
investments related to each of the foregoing. DSM’s ESG policy integrates sustainability risks into its
investment objectives and policies by identifying, evaluating, and managing relevant risks. DSM
measures and integrates sustainability risks based on DSM’s views as to financial materiality using a
blend of inputs including proprietary analysis and third-party information sources. Sustainability risks
can be based on company disclosures or third-party information sources that are forward looking
statements of intent and not necessarily fact-based or objectively measurable. There is no guarantee that
this data will be correctly assessed. Such issues could therefore lead to losses on investment opportunities
for any model investment strategy and any client account and could otherwise prevent DSM from
successfully executing a model investment strategy or require a model strategy or any client account to
dispose of investments at a loss while such adverse conditions prevail.
33 | P a g e
ITEM 9 – DISCIPLINARY INFORMATION
DSM does not have any material legal or disciplinary information to disclose.
34 | P a g e
ITEM 10 – OTHER FINANCIAL INDUSTRY ACTIVITIES AND AFFILIATIONS
DSM has no material relationships with any related financial industry participants. However, DSM
serves as the investment adviser and sub-adviser to US and non-US pooled investment vehicles. In cases
where DSM deems it appropriate, DSM could recommend or introduce one or more of these investment
vehicles for investment by a client or a prospective client. As a sub-adviser, DSM receives different
management fees from these investment vehicles. DSM’s management fee for a separately managed
account could be different than the fee paid to DSM from these investment vehicles. DSM could have a
conflict of interest in recommending or introducing an investment vehicle to a client to the extent that
DSM receives compensation or derives benefits from DSM’s management of the vehicle. Please refer to
Item 4 for information on these investment vehicles.
35 | P a g e
ITEM 11 – CODE OF ETHICS, PARTICIPATION OR INTEREST IN CLIENT
TRANSACTIONS AND PERSONAL TRADING
DSM has adopted a Code of Ethics describing its commitment to integrity and high ethical standards.
The Code of Ethics is based upon the principle that DSM and its employees owe a fiduciary duty to
clients to conduct their affairs, including their personal securities transactions, in such a manner as to
avoid any actual or potential conflict of interest. DSM’s Code of Ethics contains provisions relating to
the prohibition against trading on material, non-public information. The Code of Ethics also describes
permissible personal securities transactions, gifts, and entertainment, outside business activities as well as
protecting the confidentiality of client information. All employees of DSM must certify that they will
comply with the terms of the Code of Ethics annually and as amended.
To align the interest of its employees with its clients, DSM encourages its employees to personally invest
in the same model investment strategies and securities as its clients. This could cause a conflict as DSM,
its employees, and their related accounts might invest in the same securities, at the same or different
times, that it purchases and sells for clients. Moreover, DSM could purchase or sell a security for clients
in which DSM, its employees, and their related accounts have an interest. For instance, DSM might
recommend that a client invest in a pooled investment vehicle that DSM advises or in which DSM
employees have an investment or other pecuniary interest. In addition, employees of DSM and their
related accounts can hedge all investments, including their model investment strategy accounts or specific
investments that are managed on a discretionary basis by DSM. This can also create a conflict as DSM,
its employees, and their related accounts could hedge, all or a portion thereof, of the same investment
strategies and/or securities held or purchased by clients and, thereby, reduce the alignment of their
interests with the interests of clients.
To address these, and other potential conflicts, DSM’s employees and their immediate family members
are required to follow DSM’s Code of Ethics. Under the Code of Ethics, employees of DSM and their
immediate family members must obtain pre-clearance for certain securities transactions. Approval of an
employee or employee-related transaction is based upon a careful review by DSM’s Compliance
Department. Certain classes of securities have been designated as exempt, not needing pre-clearance,
based upon a determination that personal investments in these securities would not materially interfere
with the best interest of clients. Nonetheless, because the Code of Ethics permits employees and
immediate family members to invest in the same model investment strategies and securities as clients,
there is a possibility that employees and immediate family members might benefit from market activity
resulting from a client transaction. Employee accounts and accounts of their immediate family members
that are managed by DSM and that trade in the same securities on the same day as clients are aggregated.
These accounts and the client accounts share commission costs, are allocated purchases and sales on a pro
rata basis, and receive securities at the same average price.
DSM will typically retain records of the pre-allocation trade order (specifying each participating account)
and its allocation, which will be completed prior to the entry of the aggregated order. Completed orders
will be allocated as specified in the trade order. Partially filled orders will typically be allocated on a pro
rata basis. Any exceptions will be documented.
Clients or prospective clients can request a copy of DSM's Code of Ethics by contacting Russell Katz at
(561) 618-4000 or at rkatz@dsmcapital.com.
36 | P a g e
ITEM 12 – BROKERAGE PRACTICES
Best Execution and Soft Dollars
DSM has an obligation to seek to obtain “best execution” of a client’s securities transactions. In general, best
execution is a process in which an adviser seeks to execute a transaction in such a manner that a client’s total
cost from each transaction is the most favorable under the circumstances. In determining what is most
favorable, DSM considers the full range and quality of a broker-dealer’s services in placing a client’s order
including, among other things, the value of research provided as well as execution capability, commission
rate, financial responsibility, and responsiveness of the broker-dealer, to the extent DSM considers such
factors to be relevant to the circumstances. Regarding research offered by a broker-dealer, DSM considers
the quality and frequency of its analytical work, the breadth and depth of its coverage, the availability of
its analysts for discussion with DSM, its industry conferences, and its ability to organize meetings with
company management. The determinative factor for DSM therefore in selecting broker-dealers and
evaluating executions is not the lowest possible commission cost but whether the transaction represents the
best qualitative execution.
Section 28(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, provides a “safe harbor” for an
investment adviser such as DSM to pay for certain research and brokerage products and services
(“Research”) with commission dollars generated by client account transactions. DSM believes that its
purchase of Research is within this safe harbor.
When DSM effects certain client transactions through certain broker-dealers, DSM purchases Research
with the client’s commissions. In other words, DSM will be using "soft dollars" to pay for the Research.
As noted above, DSM could pay a higher commission rate to a broker-dealer that provided Research than
to another broker-dealer that did not provide Research; provided that, DSM determines in good faith that
such commission rates are reasonable in relation to the Research provided.
Research is generally considered to be that which provides lawful and appropriate assistance to DSM in
connection with the performance of its investment decision-making responsibilities. Examples of such
Research include, but are not limited to, software that provides analyses of securities portfolios, market
data and economic research, including stock quotes, last sale prices, and trading volumes, company
financial data and economic data (e.g., unemployment, GDP figures), sell-side research, company news,
and expert consultants. In some cases, Research obtained using client commissions could serve functions
that are not related to DSM’s investment decision-making process. For example, certain products are
provided as part of a service that bundles many separate and distinct informational, brokerage, execution,
investment management, custodial and recordkeeping services into one package. These are referred to as
“mixed-use” services. For mixed-use services, DSM evaluates the mixed-use products and attempts to
make a reasonable allocation of the cost of the Research that can be purchased with commissions and that
which cannot be purchased with commissions. The portion of a product used in DSM’s investment
decision-making process will be paid through commissions generated by client transactions while the
remaining cost will be paid by DSM. A conflict of interest arises in allocating the cost of mixed-use
items, in that the greater portion of the cost that is allocated to soft dollars, the lesser portion of the cost
will be borne by DSM out of its own resources.
As using a client’s brokerage commission to obtain Research is viewed as a benefit to DSM, soft dollar
practices present a conflict of interest between DSM and its clients, and among its clients. For instance,
there can be an incentive to select a broker-dealer based on receiving its Research. In addition, Research
is generally used to benefit all client accounts of DSM. It is therefore important to note that Research
paid for by a given client’s commission might not benefit that client’s account and could be used for the
benefit of another client that did not pay any commission, where the latter client might not generate soft
dollar credits or might prohibit the use of such credits generally or for the acquisition of certain types of
37 | P a g e
Research. For example, DSM typically does not use client transactions in WRAP accounts to generate
soft dollars to purchase Research and certain non-US clients that are subject to regulations that generally
prevent DSM from using these clients’ transactions to generate soft dollars to purchase Research.
When selecting broker-dealers that provide Research, DSM is obligated to determine in good faith that
the “commissions” (as broadly defined by the SEC to include a markup, markdown, commission
equivalent or other fee in certain circumstances) paid to a broker-dealer are reasonable in relation to the
value of the Research. The reasonableness of the commissions is to be viewed in terms of the particular
transactions or DSM’s overall responsibilities to clients over which it exercises investment discretion,
even though that broker-dealer itself, or another broker-dealer, might be willing to execute the
transactions at a lower commission. Accordingly, transactions will not always be executed at the lowest
available price or commission and DSM could cause clients to pay commissions higher than those
charged by other broker-dealers in return for Research.
To address conflicts of interest related to its use of soft dollars, DSM prepares a soft dollar budget prior to
each calendar year. This budget is reviewed and updated periodically to reflect, among other factors,
changes in DSM's opinion of the quality and usefulness of the Research. In addition, all uses of soft
dollars and the annual budget for soft dollars are approved by the Chief Compliance Officer. Lastly,
DSM regularly evaluates the execution performance of the broker-dealers it uses to execute clients’
transactions. These efforts are designed to help address the conflict of interest associated with soft dollars
and in connection with DSM’s efforts to seek best execution.
Arrangements under which DSM receives Research can vary by product, model investment strategy,
account, or applicable law in the jurisdictions in which DSM conducts business or where its clients are
located. DSM can also participate in so-called “commission sharing arrangements” and “client
commission arrangements” under which DSM can execute transactions through a broker-dealer and
request that the broker-dealer allocate a portion of the commissions or commission credits to another firm
that provides Research to DSM. Participating in commission sharing and client commission
arrangements can enable DSM to consolidate payments for Research through one or more channels using
accumulated client commissions or credits from transactions executed through a particular broker-dealer
to obtain Research provided by other firms. Such arrangements can also help to ensure the continued
receipt of Research while facilitating DSM’s ability to seek best execution. DSM believes such
arrangements are useful in its investment decision-making process by, among other things, ensuring
access to a variety of high-quality Research, access to individual analysts and availability of resources
that DSM might not be provided access to absent such arrangements.
Again, Research can be used to service any or all clients, including clients other than those that pay
commissions to the broker-dealer that are used to acquire the Research. As a result, certain Research
could disproportionately benefit certain DSM clients. DSM does not attempt to allocate soft dollar
benefits proportionately among clients or to track the benefits of Research to the commissions associated
with a particular account or group of accounts.
The accounts of some DSM clients are held at custodian/broker-dealers such as Royal Bank of Canada
("RBC"), Charles Schwab & Co., Inc. ("Schwab") and others. These custodian/broker-dealers can
provide a combined custody/brokerage service to DSM’s clients. RBC, Schwab, and others may either
charge DSM’s clients a commission rate or a “Minimum Ticket Charge.” Schwab generally does not
charge clients commissions. Other broker/dealers may also not charge client commissions. If DSM were
to trade a small number of shares (which will happen with high-priced securities), the apparent
commission rate, if any, per share may be much more expensive than for other clients of DSM. For
example, purchasing three shares of a stock with a “Minimum Ticket Charge” could calculate to a high
commission rate. Unfortunately, in most cases, if DSM were to trade the stock away from RBC, Schwab,
38 | P a g e
or certain other broker-dealers these DSM clients could be subject to a “Trade Away” charge to settle and
clear the trade plus the costs of the broker-dealer selected by DSM to execute the trade. Due to this set-
up, the total cost of the “Trade Away” transaction may exceed the total cost of the “Minimum Ticket
Charge” transaction.
Directed Brokerage
Some clients, or asset allocators acting on behalf of clients, already have a pre-existing relationship with a
broker-dealer when they open accounts with DSM, and they will instruct DSM to execute some or all
transactions through that broker-dealer. When a client directs DSM to use a particular broker-dealer,
DSM generally will trade such client account(s) after client accounts where DSM has more discretion to
select broker-dealers, and DSM might not have authority to negotiate commission rates or obtain volume
discounts; therefore, clients who direct brokerage might not achieve best execution. In addition, under
these circumstances, a disparity in commission charges could exist between the commissions and other
costs paid by the directing client and those paid by other clients.
When DSM accepts direction from a client as to which broker-dealer(s) should or must be used to execute
a portion of account transactions, DSM generally asks that the client specify, in writing (through the
advisory agreement or in a separate instruction), whether the designated firm should be used for all
transactions, for specific types of transactions or otherwise inform DSM as to when the designated firm
must be used.
Clients that, in whole or in part, direct DSM to use a particular broker-dealer to execute account
transactions are hereby notified that in doing so, they adversely affect DSM’s ability to seek best price
and execution by, for example, selecting brokers on the basis of execution costs and quality, negotiating
commission rates or spreads, obtaining volume discounts on aggregated orders or executing over-the-
counter stock transactions with the market-makers for such securities. Additionally, in an effort to
achieve orderly execution of transactions, execution of orders for clients that have directed DSM to use
particular broker-dealers will, in certain circumstances, be delayed until after DSM completes the
execution of non-directed orders, which exposes the directed clients’ trades to prices that can be adversely
impacted by the prior execution of the non-directed orders.
Additionally, a client who directs brokerage should understand that directed transactions often cannot,
and will not, be combined or “batched” for execution purposes with orders for the same securities for
other accounts managed by DSM. In these instances, a client that has directed DSM to use a particular
broker or dealer to execute a portion of its trades will generally have its trades placed at the end of
batched trading activity for a particular security. Accordingly, directed transactions can be subject to
price movements, particularly in volatile markets, that could result in the client receiving a price that is
less favorable than the price obtained for the batched order. Under these circumstances, the direction by a
client of a particular broker or dealer to execute transactions also could result in higher commissions,
greater spreads, or less favorable net prices and poorer execution than might be the case if DSM could
negotiate commission rates or spreads freely, or select brokers or dealers, or trade based on best
execution. Clients should understand that by directing brokerage, they are limiting or removing DSM’s
discretion to select broker-dealers and the time of execution of the trades. Consequently, best price and
execution might not be achieved by clients who have directed brokerage.
Aggregation of Trades
DSM seeks to execute orders for clients fairly and equitably over time and DSM can aggregate client
trades where possible and when DSM believes that doing so could be advantageous. In general,
aggregation of trades allows DSM to execute groups of trades in a timely, equitable manner at an average
share price. DSM will typically aggregate trades of various clients whose accounts can be traded at a
given broker-dealer and DSM will generally rotate or vary the order of broker-dealers used to execute a
39 | P a g e
given trade. However, in some cases DSM could aggregate directing clients’ trades for execution with
other clients’ trades but request that the executing broker “step-out” a portion of the trade to a client’s
directed broker. In these cases, the executing broker “gives-up” the trades to the directed broker who
receives any related commission and clears, settles, and confirms the transaction to DSM and the client
involved.
Transactions for a client’s account would not be aggregated if the practice is prohibited by or DSM
concludes in its discretion that doing so would be inconsistent with the client's advisory agreement. DSM
must also determine that the purchase or sale of the particular security is appropriate for the client and
consistent with the client's investment objectives as well as with any investment guidelines or restrictions
applicable to the client's account. In addition, DSM must reasonably believe that order aggregation will
benefit each client by enabling DSM to seek best execution for all clients participating in the aggregated
order. This requires a good faith judgment by DSM at the time the order is placed for execution and it
will not always be the case that DSM’s good faith determination, which of necessity is made in advance
of the transaction, will prove to have been correct in hindsight.
During the entry of an aggregated order, a pre-allocation ticket is typically generated by DSM that
identifies each client account DSM proposes to include in the order and the proposed allocation of the
order. As permissible, there could be circumstances where a client is removed or added to the aggregated
trade after the pre-allocation ticket is prepared. If the order cannot be executed in full at the same price or
time, the securities purchased or sold will generally be allocated pro-rata among the participating client
accounts in accordance with the pre-allocation ticket. However, adjustments to this pro-rata allocation
could be made by DSM to participating client accounts. Adjustments to this pro-rata allocation could
include, but are not limited to, adjusting the number of shares allocated to one or more clients to avoid
having odd amounts of shares held in any client account or to avoid excessive ticket charges in smaller
accounts. Generally, each client that participates in the aggregated order will do so at the average price
and shares in the commission rate on a pro rata basis. If an order is allocated in a manner other than
stated on a pre-allocation ticket, a written explanation of the change must be provided to, and approved
by, the Chief Compliance Officer no later than the morning following the execution of the trade.
DSM generally will not aggregate orders if portfolio management decisions for different accounts are
made separately, or if DSM determines that aggregating is not practicable or appropriate. In addition,
time zone differences, among other factors, could result in separate, non-aggregated executions.
Additionally, where DSM’s services are provided through a wrap-fee program, DSM generally will not
aggregate transactions with those for other clients. However, trades for different wrap-fee programs might
be aggregated to the extent that the programs utilize the same executing broker-dealer.
DSM might be able to negotiate a better price and lower commission rate on aggregated trades than
would be the case where separate trades are placed for each account. Where transactions for a client’s
account are not aggregated with other orders, including wrap-fee program clients, and directed brokerage
accounts, that client generally would not benefit from a better price and lower commission rate applicable
to the aggregated orders.
DSM could, from time to time, develop and implement new trading strategies. These strategies might not
be employed in all client accounts or pro rata among all client accounts where they are employed, even if
the strategy is consistent with the objectives of such accounts. In addition to the factors described above,
DSM can make decisions as to an account’s participation based on other factors such as strategic fit and
other portfolio management considerations, including a client account’s capacity for such strategy, the
liquidity of the strategy and its underlying instruments, the account’s liquidity, the business risk of the
strategy relative to the account’s overall portfolio make-up, and the lack of efficacy of, or return
expectations from, the strategy for the account. For example, such a determination could include
40 | P a g e
consideration of the expectation that a particular strategy will not have a meaningful impact on a
particular account given the overall size of the account, the limited availability of opportunities in the
strategy, and the availability of other strategies for the account.
As a result of the above, there will be cases where certain client accounts receive an allocation of an
investment opportunity when other accounts do not. The application of these principles could also cause
differences in the performance of different client accounts that have the same strategies. During periods
of unusual market conditions, DSM can deviate from its normal trade allocation practices.
Trade Rotation
In general, DSM executes aggregated trades with approved broker-dealers, which can include broker-
dealers providing DSM with Research, wrap-fee broker-dealers, broker-dealers directed by clients, and
other broker-dealers. New broker-dealers can be used for a specific purpose including execution
capability, Research, order flow, their electronic systems, geographic location, or client direction.
Proposed broker-dealers are reviewed and approved by the Chief Compliance Officer. DSM rates all
approved broker-dealers based on, among other things, quality and extent of Research, perceived
execution (pricing and market movement), ability to handle large or unusual orders, completeness and
timeliness of reporting, financial stability, perceived discretion and settlement quality, reliability, and
promptness. Resulting broker-dealer ratings are considered by DSM in developing its annual soft-dollar
budget and in preparing a broker-dealer rotation plan for each trade.
DSM will typically determine which broker-dealers that will participate in an aggregated trade based on,
among other things, the securities involved, current market conditions, and DSM's rating of broker-
dealers. DSM will also determine the size of the orders to be executed by each broker-dealer. DSM then
will trade among the broker-dealers by breaking the trade into several blocks and interweaving parts of
these blocks among the broker-dealers for execution. All client trades executed in a block by the same
broker-dealer on the same day receive the average price achieved by that broker-dealer. DSM uses its
discretion to rotate the order of trading with broker-dealers participating in an aggregated trade in a
manner that DSM reasonably expects would result in client accounts being treated in a fair and equitable
manner over time. There is a potential for a conflict of interest with DSM’s system of broker-rotation.
Although each client at a given broker-dealer obtains the average price achieved, the average price
achieved by other broker-dealer blocks could be materially different. To verify the effectiveness of
DSM’s broker-rotation, sample executions achieved by clients in each broker-dealer block are analyzed
quarterly and monitored over a rolling period.
In some situations, DSM’s discretion to choose freely the broker-dealer(s) that will execute a transaction
is effectively limited, such as in recapture arrangements, wrap programs, certain custodial brokerage
arrangements, and other directed brokerage situations. Nonetheless, DSM will generally seek to rotate
such restricted broker-dealers on a substantially similar basis as DSM rotates the non-restricted broker-
dealers, provided that DSM reasonably believes that doing so will not impair other clients of
DSM. Where DSM determines that a broker-dealer that must be selected due to effective limitation on
DSM’s discretion would likely impair execution for other clients, DSM could place the trades that will be
executed through such broker-dealers last or with a secondary priority.
Notwithstanding the above, client trades that are initiated separately from a given allocation plan on the
same day (e.g., a new account buying in the afternoon after a block was completed in the morning) will be
excluded from participating in the average price of the earlier block trade.
DSM reserves the right to amend, modify or supplement its trade sequencing and rotation policy at any
time without prior notice to clients.
41 | P a g e
Wrap-Fee Programs
Where DSM is retained as an investment manager to a wrap-fee program, DSM sometimes will have
discretion to select broker-dealers to execute trades for the wrap-fee program clients it manages; in other
cases, the wrap-fee program includes a direction to trade through the Program Broker. However, unless
doing so is inconsistent with DSM’s obligation to seek best execution, DSM generally expects to place
such trades through the Program Broker because: (i) typically the all-inclusive fee paid by each client in a
wrap-fee program only covers certain execution costs on agency trades executed through the Sponsor or
its affiliates, and (ii) wrap-fee program accounts are typically custodied with the Sponsor or Program
Broker. In addition, operational limitations with these types of accounts often make trading away from
the Sponsor difficult or disadvantageous. Wrap-fee program clients also do not generally participate in
new issues (including “hot” initial public offerings). The result of these limitations could be that the
overall execution of trades in wrap-fee program clients’ accounts is less favorable than for other clients of
DSM. Clients who enroll in wrap-fee programs should satisfy themselves that the Sponsor is able to
provide best execution of transactions. Clients should also be aware that transactions in wrap-fee
programs generally produce increased trading flow or commissions for the Sponsor. For more
information, see the brochure for the relevant Sponsor of the wrap-fee program.
Because of the involvement of multiple broker-dealers and the number of wrap-fee program client
accounts, trading for DSM's separately managed accounts might be completed prior to the completion of
contemporaneous trades for wrap-fee program client accounts. Consequently, DSM's separately managed
accounts could obtain better execution, including more favorable prices for their transactions, than wrap-
fee program clients purchasing or selling the same securities. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in certain
circumstances, wrap-fee program clients might receive better execution than DSM’s separately managed
accounts purchasing or selling the same security. When DSM is trading the same security in foreign
markets for both wrap-fee program clients and separately managed accounts, DSM generally buys
ordinary shares for the separately managed accounts and American Depositary Receipts, or similar
securities, for the wrap-fee program client accounts.
If permitted by the Sponsor, DSM can place "step-out" orders with certain broker-dealers. The use of
"step-out" orders could allow DSM to address the lack of liquidity in a market by using the executing
broker to obtain the securities. Depending on the terms of the particular wrap-fee program, clients in a
wrap-fee program could pay additional fees associated with such transactions.
Wrap-fee program client accounts might not be managed identically to DSM’s model investment strategy
or its separately managed accounts. Transactions for DSM’s model investment strategy and its separately
managed accounts will not always be reflected or fully reflected in wrap-fee program client accounts. For
instance, wrap-fee programs might have position thresholds. Clients should expect their holdings in
wrap-fee programs to differ from one another and from DSM’s separately managed accounts and its
model investment strategies. Such deviations are not considered errors, but will contribute to
performance differences between wrap-fee program client accounts and DSM’s separately managed
accounts and model investment strategies.
If DSM selects a broker-dealer other than the Program Broker to affect a trade for a wrap-fee program
client, that client should expect that any execution costs charged by that other broker-dealer will be
charged to his or her account. As with trades effected through the Sponsor, transactions could be affected
as principal and therefore the spread, mark-ups and mark-downs will be paid by the account on those
trades to the third-party broker-dealer. Such execution costs are in addition to the wrap fees paid by
clients. For some wrap-fee programs, there could be additional charges for “trading away” that would not
apply to trades executed by the Program Broker. As a result, wrap-fee program clients could pay
increased commissions or other trading expenses when the Program Broker is not used to execute a trade
and at least some portion of those additional costs could inure to the benefit of the Sponsor.
42 | P a g e
DSM generally will not aggregate transactions for Wrap-fee program clients with those of its other
clients. Wrap-fee program clients may generally trade behind other DSM clients based on trade rotation
protocol instituted by DSM as described more fully in this Item 12. To the extent wrap-fee program
clients trade behind other DSM client accounts within the rotation, it is possible that wrap-fee program
clients will suffer adverse effects depending on market conditions and could trade at a disadvantage to
other DSM clients.
Wrap-fee program clients can request that DSM engage in trades intended to offset capital gains tax
liability. Whether and when to execute tax loss harvesting trades, and the terms of such trades, are
subject to DSM’s discretion. Notwithstanding anything herein, tax loss harvesting trades are processed
on a best-efforts basis and will generally receive a lower priority than other transactions, such as cash
flow trades, trades to fund new accounts, trades to liquidate securities in connection with account
terminations and block trades. As such, there could be a significant delay between a wrap-fee program
client’s tax loss harvesting request and its execution, and requests received relatively later in the tax year
might not be executed before year end.
DSM provides advisory services through traditional wrap-fee programs as well as “dual-contract”
programs. As opposed to traditional wrap-fee programs, in a dual-contract program, DSM enters into an
advisory agreement with the client for investment advisory services and the client can separately arrange
with one or more third parties for custody, financial advisory and certain trading services to be provided
on a partially bundled (wrap) or unbundled basis. In a partially bundled program, certain services, typical
custody, financial advisory, and trading are provided for a bundled fee. In an unbundled arrangement,
such services are contracted, provided, and paid separately.
When trading or other errors occur in wrap-fee programs and, in some cases, dual contract programs,
DSM might not have the ability to control the ultimate resolution of the error. In these instances, the error
and resolution thereof will be governed by the Sponsor.
Portfolio Licensing
DSM also participates in portfolio licensing programs in which it does not trade a client’s account. In
such programs, DSM provides the sponsor of the portfolio licensing program, or a third-party, with
DSM’s model investment strategy or a specific transaction for implementation for clients’ accounts.
Depending on the liquidity of a security and the size of a transaction, among other factors, DSM will, in
its discretion, process portfolio licensing client account relationships where one group of clients have a
transaction notified/effected before another group of such clients. In addition, DSM will interweave
trades between portfolio licensing client accounts and non-portfolio licensing client accounts
(discretionary client accounts) as discussed above to seek to limit the potential market impact of the
transaction for all of DSM’s clients. Not all portfolio licensing client accounts match DSM’s model
portfolio investment strategies due to the sponsor guidelines. Over time it is expected that all DSM
clients will be treated fairly. Nevertheless, as a result, DSM’s trading could result in a transaction being
affected in portfolio licensing client accounts near or at the end of DSM’s other client transactions. The
portfolio licensing client accounts could significantly bear the market price impact, if any, of those trades
executed earlier. As a result, portfolio license client accounts could underperform other DSM client
accounts.
Account Errors and Error Corrections
DSM has procedures to help it assess and determine, consistent with applicable standards of care, as well
as client documentation, when reimbursement is due by it to a client because DSM has committed an
error. Pursuant to DSM’s policy, an error is generally compensable from DSM when it is a mistake
(whether an action or inaction) in which DSM has, in DSM’s reasonable view, deviated from the
43 | P a g e
applicable standard of care (which could vary from client to client) in managing the client’s assets.
Consistent with the applicable standard of care, DSM’s policy does not require perfect implementation of
investment management decisions, trading, processing, or other functions performed by DSM. Therefore,
not all mistakes will be considered compensable errors. For example, without limitation, imperfection in
the implementation of investment, cash flow, rebalancing, or processing instructions are generally not
considered by DSM to be violations of standards of care. Errors resulting from the mistakes of third
parties also generally will not be compensable from DSM.
DSM makes its determinations on a case-by-case basis, in its discretion, based on factors it considers
reasonable. Relevant facts and circumstances DSM could consider include, among others, specific
applicable contractual and legal restrictions, standards of care, whether a client’s investment restriction
was contravened, the nature of a client’s investment program, whether a contractual restriction was
violated, the nature and materiality of the relevant circumstances, and, if a compensable error occurred,
the materiality of the resulting losses. The determination by DSM to treat a mistake as a compensable
error, and any calculation of compensation in respect thereof, for any account could differ from the
determination and calculation made by DSM in respect of one or more other accounts in respect of which
the same or a similar mistake occurred. DSM could determine to compensate for a variety of reasons and
the payment of any compensation should not be viewed as a determination of fault, violation of a standard
of care or that the underlying circumstances constituted an error.
When DSM determines that reimbursement is appropriate, the client will be compensated as determined
in good faith by DSM. DSM will follow what it considers reasonable guidelines regarding these matters
considering all the facts and circumstances related to an error. In general, compensation is expected to be
limited to direct and actual losses, which can be calculated relative to comparable conforming
investments, market factors and benchmarks and with reference to other factors DSM considers relevant.
Compensation generally will not include any amounts or measures that DSM determines are speculative
or uncertain, including potential opportunity losses resulting from delayed investment or sale due to
correcting an error or other forms of consequential or indirect losses. Losses are generally capped at the
value of the actual loss, particularly when the outcome of a differing investment would in DSM’s view be
speculative or uncertain or considering reasonable equitable considerations. As a result, error
compensation is expected to be limited to the lesser of actual losses.
In general, it is DSM’s policy to notify a client of errors corrected post settlement, if the error resulted in a
violation of a client’s investment guidelines or restrictions. Investors in a pooled investment vehicle will
generally not be notified of the occurrence of an error or the resolution thereof. More information about
correction of and compensation for errors is available upon request and, for pooled investment vehicles
additional information could be provided in the prospectus or other relevant offering documents of the
pooled investment vehicle. DSM reserves the right to amend or supplement its error correction policy
and procedures at any time, in its sole discretion, and without notice to clients or investors.
44 | P a g e
ITEM 13 – REVIEW OF ACCOUNTS
Separately Managed Accounts
Holdings in separately managed accounts managed by DSM are generally reviewed daily and no less than
weekly by DSM’s Compliance Department, Trading Desk, and senior management. Accounts are
reviewed in the context of DSM’s model investment strategies and each client's restrictions. More
frequent reviews could be undertaken if DSM determines such reviews to be warranted due to material
changes in a client's individual circumstances or to the market, political, or economic environment. In
addition to monthly account statements and transaction confirmations that each client receives from their
custodian, DSM generally provides clients with quarterly account statements.
Pooled Investment Vehicles
Holdings within pooled investment vehicles managed by DSM are generally reviewed daily and no less
than weekly by DSM’s Compliance Department, Trading Desk, and senior management. Pooled
investment vehicles are reviewed in the context of DSM’s model investment strategies and each vehicle’s
restrictions. More frequent reviews could be undertaken if DSM determines such reviews to be warranted
due to material changes in the vehicle's circumstances or in the market, political, or economic
environment. Shareholders in any of the pooled vehicles managed by DSM should refer to the offering
documents of the applicable vehicles for information regarding reporting.
Wrap-Fee Programs
Model investment strategies managed by DSM utilized by wrap-free programs are reviewed daily and no
less than weekly by DSM’s Compliance Department, Trading Desk, and senior management. Accounts
are reviewed in the context of DSM’s model investment strategies. More frequent reviews could be
undertaken due to material changes in the client's individual circumstances or in the market, political, or
economic environment. Clients in wrap-fee programs should refer to the wrap-free program Sponsor's
brochure for information regarding Sponsor reviewers, the frequency of reviews, and reporting.
General Information
As noted in Item 4, client-imposed restrictions or guidelines that do not expressly provide compliance
evaluation periods are typically implemented by DSM at month end. In addition, client-imposed
percentage-based restrictions (e.g., do not hold more than 12% of XYZ) are applied on a rounded, whole-
number basis unless specifically stated otherwise. For example, an account with a restriction limiting a
holding of XYZ to no more than 12% could reach 12.50% in that holding without violation and DSM
would not be required to take any action until the end of the month to reduce the concentration of the
holding. Additionally, DSM will not generally be considered in breach of a restriction in cases of a
“passive breach,” such as one resulting from an issuer’s actions beyond DSM’s control or from market
fluctuations during a compliance evaluation period. Please refer to Item 4 for more information regarding
DSM’s advisory business. DSM utilizes the Global Industry Classification Standard (GICS), which was
developed by MSCI and Standard & Poor's, in connection with its advisory services. The GICS structure
consists of 11 sectors, 25 industry groups, 74 industries and 163 sub-industries. DSM also utilizes self-
created sectors (e.g., Internet, Business Services, etc.) in its advisory business.
Provision of Information to Fund Investors
From time to time, DSM might provide more detailed or timely information, or different information, to a
particular investor than is provided to other investors in the same pooled investment vehicle (“Preferential
Information”). DSM can also enter into side letters or other agreements with an investor to provide
Preferential Information. It is within DSM’s sole discretion to determine whether to provide or agree to
provide Preferential Information. Except as otherwise agreed with an investor or as required by
applicable law, DSM’s provision of (or agreement to provide) Preferential Information to an investor does
not obligate DSM to provide (or agree to provide) Preferential Information to any other investor.
45 | P a g e
ITEM 14 – CLIENT REFERRALS AND OTHER COMPENSATION
DSM compensates certain non-employees and third-party entities for client referrals. If applicable, a
written agreement will set forth the terms of the client referral arrangement and appropriate disclosure is
provided to clients who are referred to us through the arrangement. For certain funds managed by DSM,
DSM or the fund’s distributor could provide compensation to non-employees or third-party entities based
on the dollar amount of shares purchased. Investors and potential investors in these funds should refer to
the fund’s Prospectus and/or Statement of Additional Information (“SAI”) regarding the payment of such
fees. To the extent required under applicable law, these arrangements will be subject to the same general
requirements as a client referral arrangement.
46 | P a g e
ITEM 15 – CUSTODY
DSM does not act as a custodian for any client. However, DSM could be deemed to have constructive
custody of a client’s funds or securities to the extent that DSM has authority to debit fees from a client’s
account. For certain client accounts, DSM will directly debit fees pursuant to the specific terms in its
agreement with the client. Actual custody of client funds or securities, however, is through qualified
custodians (broker-dealers, banks, or trust companies) selected by the client. Clients should receive
statements, at least quarterly, from their broker-dealers, banks, or other qualified custodians that hold and
maintain their funds or securities.
Clients who do not receive such statements are encouraged to follow up directly with their custodian.
DSM urges all its clients to carefully review such statements and compare such official custodial records
to the account statements provided by DSM. DSM’s statements could vary from custodial statements
based on accounting procedures, reporting dates, or valuation methodologies. Clients who have any
questions about their DSM account statements and any deviations between those statements and the
statements received from a custodian should contact DSM.
By virtue of its relationship with the DSM All World Growth Trust, DSM is deemed to have custody of
the funds and securities of this Trust. The funds and securities in this Trust are held with one or more
qualified custodians independent of DSM. Investors in the Trust receive custodial statements from these
qualified custodians. Furthermore, the DSM All World Growth Trust is subject to an annual audit in
accordance with generally accepted accounting principles by an independent public accountant that is
registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board and the audited financial statements are
distributed to investors in the Trust.
47 | P a g e
ITEM 16 – INVESTMENT DISCRETION
In general, DSM has discretionary authority to manage client accounts. This authority, which is subject
to reasonable restrictions that can be imposed by the client, is typically established by either an
investment advisory agreement or a sub-advisory agreement signed by the client. Reasonable restrictions
that clients impose could include, by way of example, restricting particular securities or types of
securities. DSM has discretion to reject restrictions that it deems to be unreasonable or which materially
interfere with DSM’s management of an account, and clients should understand that DSM reserves the
right to change the methodology it uses to analyze and apply restrictions without notice to clients.
Moreover, as noted in Item 4, client-imposed restrictions or guidelines that do not expressly provide
evaluation periods are typically implemented by DSM at month end. In addition, client-imposed
percentage-based restrictions (e.g., do not hold more than 12% of XYZ) are applied on a rounded, whole-
number basis unless specifically stated otherwise. For example, an account with a restriction limiting a
holding of XYZ to no more than 12% could reach 12.50% in that holding without violation, and DSM
would not be required to take any action until the end of the month to reduce the concentration of that
holding. Additionally, DSM will not generally be considered in breach of a restriction in cases of a
“passive breach,” such as one resulting from an issuer’s actions beyond DSM’s control or from market
fluctuations during a compliance evaluation period. DSM utilizes the Global Industry Classification
Standard (GICS), which was developed by MSCI and Standard & Poor’s, in connection with its advisory
services. The GICS structure consists of 11 sectors, 25 industry groups, 74 industries and 163 sub-
industries. DSM also utilizes self-created sectors (e.g., Internet, Business Services, etc.) in its advisory
business. Please carefully review Item 4 for more information regarding DSM’s advisory business.
48 | P a g e
ITEM 17 – VOTING CLIENT SECURITIES
It is DSM’s policy that all proxies be voted solely in the best interest of the beneficial owners of the
securities. DSM is responsible for reviewing proxy proposals for all securities held in its model portfolio
investment strategies and for making proxy voting decisions for its clients. DSM’s proxy voting policy
indicates criteria to be used when evaluating proxy issues and positions DSM typically takes on certain
proxy proposals and may be amended from time to time. While the policy provides general guidelines,
DSM might need to materially deviate from the policy. Also, as a matter of policy, DSM votes proxies
for pooled investment vehicles that it manages and for ERISA accounts that require the investment
manager to vote proxies. However, clients may wish to vote their own proxies.
Proxy Voting Committee
DSM has a Proxy Voting Committee (the "Committee") comprised of Daniel Strickberger, Managing
Partner and Chief Investment Officer, Meredith Meyer, Chief Operations Officer, Christopher Bertoni,
Head Trader, Blair Barton, Senior Counsel, and Russell Katz, General Counsel and Chief Compliance
Officer. The Committee meets quarterly and as necessary to discuss proxy issues.
The Committee’s role is to help administer and oversee the application of DSM’s proxy voting policy.
The Committee is responsible for (i) developing and implementing this policy and the procedures
described herein; (ii) overseeing and administering proxy voting on behalf of clients; (iii) reviewing proxy
voting activity annually and as needed; and (iv) engaging and reviewing the Third-Party Administrator
(discussed below).
Procedures for Voting of Proxies
When reviewing a proxy proposal, DSM may consider information from any all sources. DSM may
engage with the issuer of a proxy to discuss specific items and to obtain additional information on the
proxy issue. DSM may also engage with management of these securities on a range of environmental,
social or governance issues throughout the year. For additional assistance in reviewing proxies, DSM has
contracted with an independent third party (currently, Institutional Shareholder Services Inc.) (the “Third
Party Administrator”) to provide issue analysis and vote recommendations with respect to all proxy
proposals. Please see below for additional information on the Third-Party Administrator.
Prior to a proxy voting deadline, a Portfolio Manager/Analyst at DSM will determine how to vote each
proxy based on an analysis of the proposal. The Portfolio Manager/Analyst will then review Exhibit A of
DSM’s proxy voting policy to assess whether their determination is consistent with the policy. If the
Portfolio Manager/Analyst’s determination is inconsistent with DSM’s proxy voting policy, the proposal
is to be brought to the attention of the Committee for resolution.
Portfolio Managers/Analysts are also responsible for assessing whether there are any material conflicts of
interests with respect to a proxy issue. If no material conflicts of interests have been identified, DSM will
vote proxies as directed by the Portfolio Manager/Analyst. If a material conflict exists, the conflict is to
be brought to the attention of the Committee for resolution. DSM does not engage in any investment
banking or corporate finance activities, nor does DSM produce research for publication. However, DSM
personnel may have interests in securities, instruments, and companies that may be purchased or sold by
DSM for its clients’ accounts. The interests of DSM and/or its personnel may conflict with the interests
of DSM clients in connection with a proxy issue. If a potential conflict does arise, again, it is to be
brought to the attention of the Committee.
DSM is not an “activist” in corporate governance and it is not an automatic supporter of management.
Rather, DSM generally believes that the management teams of the companies in its model portfolio
investment strategies are seeking to serve their shareholders’ interests. As such, DSM believes that
49 | P a g e
managements’ proxy voting proposals are typically in the clients’ best interest. Therefore, it may be that
DSM often votes with the recommendation of management.
Under current regulations, DSM is not required to vote every client proxy. There may be times when
refraining from voting is in the client’s best interest, such as when an analysis of a particular proxy
reveals that the cost of voting may exceed the expected benefit to the client. DSM may also not vote
proxies or vote with management when proxies are issued by companies that DSM has sold out of its
model portfolio investment strategies. DSM may also not vote proxies or vote with management for
securities that were selected/held by a client because of the client’s other adviser and/or are
unsupervised/non-managed assets as well as for money market securities. Proxies of issuers in certain
countries could also cause issues for DSM. There may be administrative or operational issues that could
cause DSM to determine that voting a proxy is not in the best interest of a client. In addition, DSM may
receive the meeting notice without enough time to fully analyze the proxy or DSM may receive the proxy
after the cut-off date. The market may require DSM to have a local agent with power of attorney to vote a
proxy. In addition, proxy materials may not be in English. Furthermore, proxy voting in some countries
require “Share Blocking.” In such cases, a client’s shares cannot be sold until the proxy meeting has
occurred. DSM generally does not invest in mutual funds of its clients and therefore does not take any
action on these proposals. These are just some examples in which DSM may not vote a proxy. In the
event DSM votes a proxy in two different directions, such as when clients have different proxy voting
policies, DSM shall maintain documentation to support the decision-making process.
Third Party Administrator
The Third-Party Administrator offers a U.S. policy, a European policy, a Canadian policy as well as
specialty policies such as a Sustainability policy, a Faith-Based policy, a Taft- Hartley policy and a Public
Fund policy, along with custom policies defined by its clients. On June 1, 2021, in an effort to better
align its proxy voting policy with its role as a signatory to the Principles for Responsible Investing
(“PRI”), DSM switched from the U.S. policy and the European policy to the Sustainability policy. A
copy of all policies can be found at www.issgovernance.com.
As noted above, DSM has retained the Third-Party Administrator to analyze proxies’ issues and to make
vote recommendations. DSM reviews these recommendations in making its own proxy voting decisions.
Each year, the Third-Party Administrator undertakes a process to update the policies that inform its proxy
voting recommendations. Typically, the Third-Party Administrator has a policy formulation process that
collects feedback from a diverse range of market participants through multiple channels: an annual policy
survey of institutional investors and corporate issuers, roundtables with industry groups, and ongoing
feedback during proxy season. The Third-Party Administrator uses this input to develop updates on
important governance issues, which are then published for open review and comment. This information
is also available at www.issgovernance.com.
The Third-Party Administrator will be responsible for executing proxy votes, reporting of proxy voting
and recordkeeping. The Third-Party Administrator will coordinate with each client’s custodian to help
ensure that proxy materials reviewed by the custodians are processed in a timely fashion. In instances in
which the Third-Party Administrator is unable to make a vote recommendation, DSM, based on such
advice as it deems necessary, will determine the manner in which to vote such proxy.
The Committee will notify the Third-Party Administrator of any changes to the DSM policy or any
deviations thereof. DSM periodically samples the voting activity by the Third-Party Administrator for
compliance with DSM instructions and conducts sample reconciliations with client account holdings for
accuracy. DSM also conducts an annual review of the Third-Party Administrator that is reasonably
designed to assess the adequacy and quality of its staffing and personnel, and whether it has policies and
50 | P a g e
procedures that enable it to make proxy voting recommendations based on current and accurate
information and to identify and address conflicts of interest relating to its voting recommendations.
Recordkeeping
DSM is required to maintain in an easily accessible place for five years all records relating to proxy
voting. These records include the following:
●
a copy of the proxy voting policy;
●
a copy of each proxy statement received on behalf of DSM’s clients;
●
a record of each vote cast on behalf of DSM’s clients;
●
a copy of all documents created by DSM’s personnel that were material to making a
decision on a vote or that memorializes the basis for the decision; and
●
a copy of each written request by a client for information on how DSM voted proxies, as
well as a copy of any written response.
DSM reserves the right to maintain certain proxy records with the Third-Party Administrator or any other
entity in accordance with all applicable regulations.
Disclosure
Any client can obtain information about how DSM voted its security ballots (but not the security ballots
of any other client) and/or a copy of DSM’s proxy voting policy, without cost, by calling 561-618-4000
or by writing to DSM at 7111 Fairway Drive, Suite 350, Palm Beach Gardens, Florida 33418, Attn: Legal
and Compliance. A client may also obtain information on how DSM voted proxies for the prior calendar
year, at both the Firm and model portfolio investment strategy level, on DSM’s website under
Stewardship.
Class Actions & Legal Proceedings
Generally, an investment adviser's ability, authority and responsibility does not include acting on
a client's behalf in class actions and/or legal proceedings.
51 | P a g e
Exhibit A
MANAGEMENT PROPOSALS
Board of Directors
DSM considers director elections to be a very important voting decisions that shareholders make. Boards
should be sufficiently independent from management so as to ensure that they are able and motivated to
effectively supervise management's performance for the benefit of all shareholders, including in setting
and monitoring the execution of corporate strategy, with appropriate use of shareholder capital, and in
setting and monitoring executive compensation programs that support that strategy. The chair of the board
should ideally be an independent director, and all boards should have an independent leadership position
or a similar role in order to help provide appropriate counterbalance to executive management, as well as
having sufficiently independent committees that focus on key governance concerns such as audit,
compensation, and nomination of directors.
DSM will generally oppose non-independent director nominees if the board is not composed of a majority
of independent directors and will typically vote against or withhold from non-independent directors who
sit on key board committees. DSM will also generally vote against or withhold from the chair of the
nominating committee, or other nominees on a case-by-case basis, if the board lacks at least one director
of an underrepresented gender identity or where the board has no apparent racially or ethnically diverse
members. The election of directors who have failed to attend a minimum of 75 percent of board and
committee meetings held during the year will generally be opposed. Furthermore, DSM will generally
vote against or withhold from a director nominee who serves on an excessive number of boards. A non-
CEO director will typically be deemed "overboarded" if they sit on more than five public company boards
while CEO directors will be considered as such if they typically serve on more than two public company
boards besides their own.
DSM generally supports requests asking for the separation of the positions of chairman and CEO, and
shareholder proposals calling for greater access to the board, affording shareholders the ability to
nominate directors to corporate boards. DSM may generally vote against or withhold from directors at
companies where problematic pay practices exist, and where boards have not been accountable or
responsive to their shareholders.
Board Responsiveness
DSM will vote case-by-case on individual directors, committee members, or the entire board of directors
as appropriate if the board fails to act on a shareholder proposal that received the support of a majority of
the shares in the previous year. When evaluating board responsiveness issues, DSM takes into account
other factors including the board's failure to act on takeover offers where the majority of shares are
tendered; if at the previous board election, any director received more than 50 percent withhold/against
votes of the shares cast and the company has failed to address the issue(s) that caused the high
withhold/against vote; or if the board implements an advisory vote on executive compensation on a less
frequent basis than the frequency that received the plurality of votes cast.
Auditors
While it is generally recognized that the company is in the best position to evaluate the competence of its
outside accountants, DSM believes that outside accountants must ultimately be accountable to
shareholders. Given the rash of accounting irregularities that were not detected by audit panels or auditors
over the recent past, shareholder ratification is an essential step in restoring investor confidence. DSM
will generally vote against the ratification of the auditor in cases where fees for non-audit services are
excessive without adequate explanation.
52 | P a g e
Takeover Defenses / Shareholder Rights
Topics in this category include shareholders' ability to call a special meeting or act by written consent, the
adoption or redemption of poison pills, unequal voting rights, fair price provisions, greenmail,
supermajority vote requirements, and confidential voting. DSM will generally vote for management
proposals allowing for the convening of shareholder meetings by electronic means, so long as they do not
preclude in-person meetings. Companies are encouraged to disclose the circumstances under which
virtual-only meetings would be held, and to allow for comparable rights and opportunities for
shareholders to participate electronically as they would have during an in-person meeting. DSM
generally opposes takeover defenses, as they limit shareholder value by eliminating the takeover or
control premium for the company. As owners of the company, shareholders should be given the
opportunity to decide on the merits of takeover offers. Further, takeover devices can be used to entrench a
board that is unresponsive to shareholders on both governance and corporate social responsibility issues.
Capital Structures
Capital structure related topics include proposals for increases in authorized stock, stock splits and reverse
stock splits, issuances of blank check preferred stock, debt restructurings, and share repurchase plans.
DSM typically supports a one-share, one-vote policy and generally opposes mechanisms that skew voting
rights. DSM typically supports capital requests that provide companies with adequate financing flexibility
while protecting shareholders from excessive dilution of their economic and voting interests. Proposals to
increase common stock are evaluated by DSM on a case-by-case basis, taking into account the company’s
past use of share authorizations and elements of the current request.
Executive and Director Compensation
The Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act requires advisory shareholder votes
on executive compensation (Say on Pay), an advisory vote on the frequency of say on pay, as well as a
shareholder advisory vote on golden parachute compensation. DSM will generally vote against Say on
Pay proposals if there is an unmitigated misalignment between CEO pay and company performance, the
company maintains problematic pay practices, and the board exhibits a significant level of poor
communication and responsiveness to shareholders. DSM will vote case-by-case on certain equity-based
compensation plans depending on a combination of certain plan features and equity grant practices, where
positive factors may counterbalance negative factors, and vice versa, as evaluated using an "equity plan
scorecard" approach.
Mergers and Corporate Restructurings
Mergers, acquisitions, spinoffs, re-incorporations, and other corporate restructuring plans are evaluated by
DSM on a case-by-case basis, given the potential for significant impact on shareholder value and on
shareholders’ economic interests. In addition, these corporate actions can have a significant impact on
community stakeholders and the workforce, and may affect the levels of employment, community
lending, equal opportunity, and impact on the environment.
Miscellaneous Governance Provisions
DSM evaluates proposals that concern governance issues such as shareholder meeting adjournments,
quorum requirements, corporate name changes, and bundled or conditional proposals on a case-by-case
basis taking into account the impact on shareholder rights.
53 | P a g e
SHAREHOLDER PROPOSALS
Shareholder Proposals on Corporate Governance and Executive Compensation
Shareholder proposals include, but are not limited to, board-related issues, shareholder rights and board
accountability issues, as well as compensation matters. Each year, shareholders file numerous proposals
that address key issues regarding corporate governance and executive compensation. DSM seeks to
evaluates these proposals from the perspective that good corporate governance practices can have positive
implications for a company and its ability to maximize shareholder value. Proposals that seek to improve
a board’s accountability to its shareholders and other stakeholders are generally supported.
Shareholder Proposals on Social and Environmental Topics
Shareholder proposals on social and environmental topics include, but are not limited to, workplace
diversity and safety topics, codes of conduct, labor standards and human rights, the environment and
energy, weapons, consumer welfare, and public safety. Socially responsible shareholder resolutions are
receiving a great deal more attention from institutional shareholders than they have in the past. In addition
to the moral and ethical considerations of these proposals, there is a growing recognition of their potential
impact on the economic performance of the company. While focusing on value enhancement through risk
mitigation and exposure to new sustainability-related opportunities, these proposals also seek
standardized reporting on ESG issues, request information regarding an issuer’s adoption of, or adherence
to, relevant norms, standards, codes of conduct or universally recognized international initiatives to
promote disclosure and transparency. DSM generally supports standards-based ESG shareholder
proposals that enhance long-term shareholder value while aligning the interests of the company with those
of society at large.
54 | P a g e
ITEM 18 – FINANCIAL INFORMATION
DSM has no financial commitment that impairs its ability to meet contractual and fiduciary obligations
and has not been the subject of a bankruptcy proceeding.
55 | P a g e