View Document Text
1776 Peachtree Street NW, Suite 600S
Atlanta, GA 30309
Telephone: 404-239-0111 / 877-342-0111
Facsimile: 404-239-0280
www.eicatlanta.com
ADV PART 2A
Client Brochure
March 27, 2025
COVER PAGE (ITEM 1)
This Client Brochure (“Brochure”) provides information about the qualifications and business
practices of Equity Investment Corporation (“EIC,” the “Firm,” “we,” “us,” or “our”). If you have any
questions about the contents of this Brochure, please contact our Chief Compliance Officer at 404-
239-0111 or compliance@eicatlanta.com. The information in this Brochure has not been approved
or verified by the United States Securities and Exchange Commission or by any state securities
authority.
EIC is a registered investment adviser. Registration of an investment adviser does not imply any
level of skill or training. The oral and written communications provided by an adviser contain
information that can help you determine whether to hire or retain an adviser.
Additional information about EIC also is available on the SEC’s website at www.adviserinfo.sec.gov.
1 | P a g e
MATERIAL CHANGES (ITEM 2)
On July 28, 2010, the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) published
“Amendments to Form ADV,” which amends the disclosure document that we provide to clients
as required by SEC Rules. This Brochure, dated March 27, 2025, was prepared according to the
SEC’s latest requirements and rules. A copy of our Brochure may be requested at 404-239-0111 or
by email to compliance@eicatlanta.com.
This section of the Brochure only addresses material changes since our last delivery or posting on
the SEC’s public website. We will deliver to clients a summary of all material changes to this
Brochure within 120 days of the close of our business’ fiscal year or more often if necessary at no
charge.
There are no material changes in this brochure from the last annual updating amendment on March
25, 2024, for Equity Investment Corporation.
EQUITY INVESTMENT CORPORATION
2 | P a g e
TABLE OF CONTENTS (ITEM 3)
MATERIAL CHANGES (Item 2) ........................................................................................................ 2
TABLE OF CONTENTS (Item 3) ....................................................................................................... 3
ADVISORY SERVICES (Item 4) ........................................................................................................ 4
FEES AND COMPENSATION (Item 5) ............................................................................................. 5
Fees for Separate Accounts ...................................................................................................................... 5
Wrap Account Program Fees .................................................................................................................... 6
Unified Managed Account Program (“UMA Program”) Fees ................................................................... 6
Most Favored Nation Clauses for Certain Registered Investment Advisers ............................................. 6
Management Fees for the EIC Value Fund ............................................................................................... 6
PERFORMANCE-BASED FEES AND SIDE-BY-SIDE MANAGEMENT (Item 6) ..................................... 6
TYPES OF CLIENTS (Item 7) ............................................................................................................ 7
METHODS OF ANALYSIS, INVESTMENT STRATEGIES, AND RISKS (Item 8) ..................................... 7
Equity Decision-Making Process ............................................................................................................... 7
Sell Discipline .......................................................................................................................................... 10
Other Investments .................................................................................................................................. 10
Total Return Opportunity Approach ....................................................................................................... 11
Environmental, Social and Governance Investing .................................................................................. 11
Equity Risk ............................................................................................................................................... 11
Value Investing Risk ................................................................................................................................ 11
Management Risk ................................................................................................................................... 11
Sector Risk ............................................................................................................................................... 12
Cybersecurity Risk ................................................................................................................................... 12
DISCIPLINARY INFORMATION (Item 9) ........................................................................................ 12
OTHER FINANCIAL INDUSTRY ACTIVITIES AND AFFILIATIONS (Item 10) ...................................... 12
CODE OF ETHICS, PARTICIPATION OR INTEREST IN CLIENT TRANSACTIONS AND PERSONAL
TRADING (Item 11) ...................................................................................................................... 13
BROKERAGE PRACTICES (Item 12) ............................................................................................... 14
REVIEW OF ACCOUNTS (Item 13) ................................................................................................ 16
CLIENT REFERRALS AND OTHER COMPENSATION (Item 14) ....................................................... 16
CUSTODY (Item 15) ..................................................................................................................... 17
INVESTMENT DISCRETION (Item 16) ........................................................................................... 17
VOTING CLIENT SECURITIES (Item 17) ......................................................................................... 17
FINANCIAL INFORMATION (Item 18) ........................................................................................... 19
EQUITY INVESTMENT CORPORATION
3 | P a g e
ADVISORY SERVICES (ITEM 4)
Equity Investment Corporation (“EIC”) is an independent, SEC-registered investment adviser located
in Atlanta, Georgia.
As of December 31, 2024, EIC managed or advised $6,493,061,954 for clients, including
$3,051,151,512 in assets under management on a discretionary basis and another $3,441,910,442
in assets under advisement. The Firm currently has twenty-six employees.
Effective September 30, 2016, the Firm implemented a succession plan. In a transaction that closed
on that date, a new investment adviser entity formed by W. Andrew Bruner, R. Terrence Irrgang and
Ian T. Zabor purchased substantially all of the assets, including the EIC name, and assumed all of the
liabilities necessary for EIC’s continuous operation. That new registrant succeeded to all of EIC’s
business and continued all operations under the same name. Effective January 1, 2025, Robert M.
Ladyman and Thomas W. Knapp became shareholders.
Messrs. Bruner, Irrgang, Zabor, Ladyman, and Knapp are the sole shareholders of EIC.
EIC primarily offers the following equity strategies: All-Cap Value, Large-Cap Value, and Mid-Cap
Value. The Firm also manages portfolios that combine its equity strategies with fixed income and
other diversifying securities. In addition, the Firm manages a few Environmental, Social, and
Governance “ESG”) portfolios. Messrs. Bruner, Irrgang, Zabor, Ladyman, and Knapp are responsible
for investment decisions associated with all of the Firm’s investment strategies. See the Client
Brochure Supplement (Form ADV, Part 2B) for more information.
EIC provides discretionary portfolio management for institutional and private investors through
separate accounts (“Separate Accounts”). Additionally, EIC serves as a sub-adviser to several other
registered investment advisory organizations and non-affiliated broker-dealers who sponsor wrap
account/SMA programs (“Wrap Programs”). The Wrap Programs in which EIC serves as a sub-adviser
are identified in EIC’s ADV Part 1. Additionally, EIC provides non-discretionary recommendations via
an investment model to assist Unified Managed Account Program (“UMA Program”) sponsors in
determining a portfolio suitable for their UMA Program accounts. EIC also serves as the investment
adviser to the EIC Value Fund of FundVantage Trust, a diversified, open-end mutual fund registered
under the Investment Company Act of 1940.
All portfolios in a particular strategy are managed similarly regardless of vehicle (Separate Account,
Wrap Program, UMA Program, or mutual fund). Clients may impose investment restrictions in
certain securities or types of securities. Accounts over which EIC exercises investment discretion are
reviewed on an ongoing basis and are monitored for consistency across all accounts. Generally,
Wrap Program sponsors and UMA Program sponsors are responsible for monitoring clients’
accounts and interactions.
EIC will continue to periodically evaluate its existing services and product offerings and will act
accordingly based on an assessment of competitive position, profitability, and investor demand.
EQUITY INVESTMENT CORPORATION
4 | P a g e
FEES AND COMPENSATION (ITEM 5)
EIC’s management fees range from .30% to 1% per annum of assets managed or advised. All
management fees (other than those indicated in the current EIC Value Fund Prospectus and SAI)
are subject to negotiation.
Fees for Separate Accounts
When entering into an Investment Advisory Agreement or Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement to
provide portfolio management services through a Separate Account, EIC will charge each such
Separate Account a management fee at a fixed percentage of the assets managed, according to the
size and type of the account as well as other considerations, such as account servicing needs,
administrative requirements, and overall relationship size.
The specific manner in which management fees are charged by EIC is established in a client’s
agreement. Generally, management fees are billed on a quarterly basis, and clients are billed in
advance each calendar quarter. Clients may elect either to be billed directly for management fees
or to authorize EIC to invoice the custodian for payment of fees directly from their accounts in
accordance with the Schedule of Fees in the Investment Advisory Agreement. If so agreed,
management fees may be prorated for each capital contribution and withdrawal of 10% or more of
account value made during the applicable calendar quarter. Accounts initiated or terminated during
a calendar quarter will be charged a prorated management fee. Upon termination of any account,
any prepaid, unearned management fees will be promptly refunded, and any earned, unpaid
management fees will be due and payable.
Subject to the terms of each client agreement, billable assets are calculated as either:
• The average amount of assets under management each quarter based on the value of the assets
on the last trading day of each month during the quarter, or
• The assets under management on the last day of the quarter.
Certain clients who participate in automated account billing services connected with various broker-
dealers may choose to be billed using the rates and minimums shown above but based on their
broker-dealer’s method of determining the billable assets for the quarter.
Several clients are invested solely in the EIC Value Fund (“Fund”), in which case no management fee
is charged since a management fee, disclosed in the Fund’s Prospectus and SAI, is already embedded
in the Fund.
EIC’s management fees are exclusive of brokerage commissions, transaction fees, and other related
costs and expenses. Clients may incur certain charges imposed by custodians, broker-dealers, and
other third parties such as custodial fees, deferred sales charges, odd-lot differentials, transfer taxes,
wire transfer, electronic fund fees, and other fees and taxes on accounts and securities transactions.
EQUITY INVESTMENT CORPORATION
5 | P a g e
In specific client circumstances or with certain strategies, EIC may purchase mutual funds or
exchange-traded funds (“ETFs”) that it does not manage. Mutual funds and ETFs also charge
management fees, which are disclosed in a fund’s prospectus. Such charges, fees, and commissions
are exclusive of, and in addition to, EIC’s management fee. EIC does not receive any portion of these
charges, fees, and commissions. Clients should therefore be aware that they will be paying a higher
overall fee on these assets.
Wrap Account Program Fees
Wrap account program (“Wrap Program”) sponsors typically charge their clients an annualized fee
as a percent of assets under management. Where EIC serves as a sub-adviser to another registered
investment advisory organization or non-affiliated broker-dealer who sponsors a Wrap Program, EIC
receives a portion of the Wrap Program fees paid by the investor to the sponsoring firm for advisory
services to their account. The management fee paid to EIC as sub-adviser to these Wrap Programs
can vary and is negotiated with the sponsoring firm. The schedule of wrap fees is set forth in each
Wrap Program sponsor’s Client Brochure related to the program.
Unified Managed Account Program (“UMA Program”) Fees
EIC charges a management fee to each UMA Program sponsor with whom we enter into an
agreement. The sponsor contracts with EIC to use EIC’s investment model to assist the sponsor in
managing its client accounts. EIC and the sponsor usually negotiate the management fee. The
management fee can vary depending on a number of factors, including the administrative services
EIC provides and the total assets under management.
Most Favored Nation Clauses for Certain Registered Investment Advisers
Certain registered investment adviser program sponsors have negotiated “most favored nation”
clauses in their Sub-Advisory Agreements. These clauses require EIC to decrease the fees charged
to the “most favored nation” client if EIC enters into a Sub-Advisory Agreement at a lower fee rate
with another similar client. The applicability of a “most favored nation” clause can depend on the
degree of similarity between clients, including the amount of assets under management, the
administrative services provided, and the particular investment strategy selected by each client.
However, EIC does not agree to “most favored nation” clauses in all circumstances where clients
are similarly situated.
Management Fees for the EIC Value Fund
The EIC Value Fund (“Fund”) pays a management fee to EIC as the adviser at a specified annual
percentage rate of average daily net assets. Additional information about the management fee
charged to the Fund is available in the current Fund Prospectus and SAI, which are publicly available
at www.eicvalue.com, on the EDGAR Database on the SEC’s website (www.sec.gov) or by writing
the Fund at 4400 Computer Dr., Westborough, MA 01581-1722 or calling the Fund at 855-430-6487.
PERFORMANCE-BASED FEES AND SIDE-BY-SIDE MANAGEMENT (ITEM 6)
EIC does not offer performance-based fee agreements.
EQUITY INVESTMENT CORPORATION
6 | P a g e
TYPES OF CLIENTS (ITEM 7)
EIC provides portfolio management services to individuals, high net worth individuals, trusts,
corporations, defined benefit, and defined contribution plans, Taft-Hartley plans, not-for-profit
institutions, foundations, endowments, government entities, insurance companies, investment
companies (mutual funds), clients of Wrap Program sponsors, and clients of UMA Program sponsors.
Minimum account size varies depending on the level of account servicing and communication
desired by the client.
METHODS OF ANALYSIS, INVESTMENT STRATEGIES, AND RISKS (ITEM 8)
Equity Decision-Making Process
We follow a fundamental, “absolute value” investment approach, typically resulting in the
ownership of high-quality, well-managed companies with relatively stable earnings and cash flow,
high returns on equity and capital, and low levels of debt.
Investment ideas are generated in several different ways. For instance, we screen the Russell 3000
universe (Russell 1000 universe for Large-Cap Value and Russell Midcap universe for Mid-Cap Value)
using the S&P Capital IQPRO database. We narrow down the universe by looking for companies
generating high returns on equity and sustainable earnings growth. With respect to our ESG
portfolios, we may use a third-party research service, as well as our own internal research, to
exclude securities that violate investors’ specified environmental, social, and governance guidelines.
Additional ideas are sometimes uncovered through traditional news sources, non-opinionated
research, and reviewing competitors’ holdings, as well as examining companies whose share prices
have recently been under significant pressure.
A description of the four parts of our investment process follows:
1. Valuation Models and Price Discipline
Valuation is a critical part of our decision-making process. Our valuation models help us avoid paying
too much attention to price and not enough attention to economic value.
Once a potential investment candidate is identified, the first step in the process is to determine
whether the company is selling at a discount to its economic value as an ongoing business, based
upon valuation models developed in-house. We value a business as though we were owner-
operators over a long period of time seeking to earn a premium above inflation on both our
acquisition capital and the reinvested capital required for growth.
Two key inputs to our valuation models are earnings growth and return on equity (“ROE”). We also
look at return on invested capital since ROE is sometimes manipulated by corporate management.
We start with historical numbers, preferring to see them over a full business cycle. Because the
future may be different than the past, we build a margin of safety into our investment decisions by
applying a haircut to our ROE and earnings growth assumptions to generate a conservative value for
EQUITY INVESTMENT CORPORATION
7 | P a g e
the companies, which we use as a proxy for our buy price. The “normal” value, a proxy for our sell
price, is produced from the normal ROE and earnings per share (EPS) growth figures. A low-quality
company with a relatively volatile earnings stream requires a bigger haircut—a bigger margin of
safety—than does a higher quality company with a stable earnings history.
Importantly, the valuation models serve primarily as a framework for asking questions regarding our
valuation assumptions, as contrasted against the assumptions implicit in the market’s current price
for a company. Though it seems intuitively obvious, we prefer to invest in companies that – given
our assumptions – are creating capital and increasing in value as the time horizon increases rather
than companies that are not. In contrast, investment approaches relying on such traditional
valuation metrics as, say, price-to-earnings, price-to-book, price-to-cash flow, and dividend yield are
not sophisticated enough to incorporate such nuances as the importance of time horizon in the
capital-creation process.
2. Value Trap Avoidance
As a value manager, we search for opportunities among investments that the market perceives
as entailing heightened risks, as demonstrated by relatively low valuations. This pool of
investment candidates typically offers us many opportunities that we believe are attractively
priced and relatively safe. Unfortunately, the pool is also heavily populated by value traps, which
we define as investments that look attractively priced based on conventional metrics but have
characteristics that may cause them to stay cheap or get cheaper.
After we have determined that a company is selling at a meaningful discount to its value as an
ongoing concern, we use a comprehensive set of analytics to help us monitor company
fundamentals. These tools facilitate financial statement and ratio analysis, through which we
examine how components of the financial statements interrelate over time. The analysis is
useful for efficiently understanding important financial characteristics of a business, as well as
helping us identify potential structural problems, whether financial, operational, managerial,
or franchise related. This step is particularly important to our process because it can be
performed by our investment team in a time-efficient manner, allowing us to identify
companies with problems that are either not being adequately addressed by management or,
in our view, cannot be fixed, thus allowing our team to concentrate research time on
candidates more likely to be purchased. The objective of this exercise is to focus on well-
managed, structurally sound companies and to eliminate from consideration those with
characteristics unlikely to satisfy our investment criteria.
For purposes of this analysis, we access and analyze large amounts of data via our service
provider, S&P Capital IQPRO. Using their web-based platform, we can parse a wide array of
relevant information across varying time periods in both numeric and graphic formats. We still
mistakenly invest in value traps from time to time, but our focus on avoiding characteristics
consistent with value traps can help us reduce risks in the portfolio.
3. Accounting and Earnings Quality Due Diligence
EQUITY INVESTMENT CORPORATION
8 | P a g e
We perform in-depth, company-specific fundamental research to identify accounting policy
inconsistencies, unusual transactions, attempts to manage earnings, and any other evidence
that earnings power is different than what the financial statements portray or what
management says. Our research centers on a thorough reading of the annual and quarterly
reports and proxy statements, as well as the management discussion and analysis section
of 10-Ks and 10-Qs, company presentations, earnings press releases, and other relevant news.
We also critically examine the financial footnotes and the accounting aggressiveness or
conservatism behind the numbers.
Throughout the investment process, but especially in the fundamental research phase, we are
looking for evidence that a company is well managed and structurally sound. Cheap companies
stay cheap (or become cheaper) unless they can grow. We have identified numerous
characteristics that tend to be associated with companies that can sustain or re-start growth.
Simply put, we believe that “good management is as good management does”. Accordingly, we
look for evidence that management:
• knows how to grow the business;
• grows organically rather than through serial acquisitions;
• maintains high returns on capital;
• maintains margins;
• husbands cash flow in a crisis;
• doesn’t over-leverage the business;
• makes sure the balance sheet is aligned with sales development, including inventory levels;
property, plant and equipment; and receivables;
• doesn’t create temporary cash flow by stringing out payables;
• employs conservative accounting policies;
• doesn’t engage in a policy of serial, “extraordinary” write-offs; and
• avoids conflicts of interest, subordinating personal interests to the shareholders.
Finally, by thoroughly reviewing management’s accounting practices and the implications of
those practices on reported profitability, we attempt to confirm that the financial data are
consistent with underlying business conditions and identify companies “smoothing” or
manufactured earnings. While some smoothing may be legitimate, we generally try to avoid
investing in companies using aggressive accounting techniques to maintain the appearance of
consistent and predictable earnings.
4. Portfolio Construction and Diversification
If a stock passes all three levels of analysis, it may be added to portfolios. The criteria used to
select stocks are the same regardless of sector or industry. Portfolios are built from the bottom
up; therefore, sector weights are a by-product of the stock-selection process. No sectors are
systematically eliminated from consideration, though it’s not uncommon for us to have no
exposure to some of the smaller sectors.
While we don’t place explicit limits on sector weights, we do limit industry group exposures,
which in turn affect sector weights. We generally limit our allocation to a particular industry
EQUITY INVESTMENT CORPORATION
9 | P a g e
group to 20% (using the Global Industry Classification Standard definitions of the 25 industry
groups). There is no minimum industry group exposure.
The average number of positions in a portfolio is usually between 30 and 40. In general, stock
weightings follow our level of confidence that we are right about our valuation assumptions for
a company, as contrasted against the assumptions implicit in the market’s pricing of it. At the
time of initial purchase, our weightings reflect this confidence, with positions typically ranging
between 2% and 4%. As a price moves up, the margin of safety and the probability of being
right about the available upside narrows relative to the downside risk. Accordingly, we will often
trim the holding. When a position grows to 6% of the portfolio, it must be trimmed or sold. In
practice, we typically trim positions before they reach that level.
Our cash position is a residual of the stock-selection process and is primarily a function of the
availability of undervalued stocks. We prefer to keep cash levels as low as possible but set a
general limit of 15%. Because we are valuation sensitive, however, cash levels could temporarily
exceed this level when the overall market is richly priced, and values are difficult to find.
We are long-term investors, and our turnover rate is comparatively low. We are aware of the
costs of frequent trading and implement trades in the most efficient manner possible.
With taxable portfolios, we are attentive to the tax implications of our investment decisions.
Whenever possible, we seek to minimize a client’s tax burden through low turnover, deferral of
gain-recognition until long term, and pro-active tax-loss harvesting throughout the year.
Sell Discipline
Stocks are sold if any of the following conditions are met:
Valuation:
• The security reaches our measure of full value.
• The position increases to more than 6% of the portfolio.
Deteriorating fundamentals:
• The firm's quality and financial strength fall below acceptable levels.
• The firm shows balance sheet stress, indicating potential earnings management,
weak financial controls, or possible earnings shortfalls.
• A major change occurs, rendering historical data invalid for determining the value of
business ownership.
A more attractive investment opportunity is identified.
Other Investments
Exchange- traded funds (“ETFs”) are sometimes used as a placeholder or as an investment
alternative when we implement our tax-loss harvesting strategy or when a client imposes certain
restrictions on an account. Moreover, we will sometimes invest in liquid, short-term bond ETFs
EQUITY INVESTMENT CORPORATION
10 | P a g e
in lieu of cash as a short-term investment.
Total Return Opportunity Approach
The Total Return Opportunity approach seeks to benefit from a macro or micro mispricing
observed by the research team periodically, principally via investments in non-equity markets,
such as bonds, non-US denominated debt, preferred stocks, non-US equity funds, bond funds,
commodities, and currencies or currency baskets. The goal is to achieve a return above that
offered by fixed income markets in the US, provide some hedge against US currency exposure
risk and potential purchasing power risk, and limit volatility relative to equity-only approaches.
The approach is eclectic, non-systematic, and passively opportunistic in responding to the market
opportunities presented from time to time. We do not actively market this strategy.
investment choices that violate
Environmental, Social and Governance Investing
We manage Environmental, Social, and Governance (“ESG”) portfolios that follow the same
underlying investment philosophy and a similar investment process as our fully discretionary
equity strategies while avoiding
investors’ specified
environmental, social, and governance guidelines. Many of the investments for the ESG portfolios
are drawn from existing holdings in our All-Cap, Large-Cap, and Mid-Cap value portfolios.
Replacement securities are introduced as necessary. There is no guarantee that ESG-integration
will result in portfolios leading to the best risk-adjusted returns. ESG considerations may be
based on company disclosures or third-party information sources that are forward-looking
statements of intent and not necessarily fact-based or objectively measurable. This lack of
uniformity and objective metrics can lead to missed opportunities or miscalculations as to the
realized future impact of perceived positive and negative ESG factors on company fundamentals,
leading to less than desired investment outcomes. We do not actively market this strategy.
Equity Risk
Clients should be aware that investing in securities involves risk of loss and they should be
prepared to bear any such loss. Investments in equity securities are subject to the risk that stock
prices will fall over short or extended periods of time. Historically, the equity markets have
moved in cycles, and the value of equity securities may fluctuate a great deal from day to day.
Individual companies may report poor results or be negatively affected by industry and/or
economic trends and developments. Not all of these factors nor their effects can be predicted.
The prices of securities issued by such companies may suffer a decline in response.
Value Investing Risk
Clients should be aware that a value-oriented investment approach like ours is subject to the
risk that a security we believe to be undervalued may not appreciate in value as anticipated or
may experience a decline in value. The returns on “value” equity securities may be less than
returns on other styles of investing (e.g., growth) or the overall stock market.
Management Risk
Clients should be aware that we may not be successful in selecting the best-performing
securities, and our performance may lag that of similar investment managers. In particular,
EQUITY INVESTMENT CORPORATION
11 | P a g e
models and market data upon which we rely may prove to be incorrect or incomplete, and our
investments may decline in value as a result of misestimation or other errors by us in our
fundamental analysis regarding the companies in which we invest. We may also miss an
investment opportunity because the assets necessary to take advantage of the opportunity are
tied up in other investments, potentially including investments that may not perform as well as
the missed investment opportunity.
Sector Risk
Although we make an effort to diversify portfolios, clients should be aware that from time to
time investments may be focused on one or more economic sectors. Developments affecting
companies in that sector or sectors will likely have a magnified effect on total returns and may
subject clients to greater risk of loss.
Cybersecurity Risk
Investment advisers and their service providers may be susceptible to operational and
information security risks resulting from cyber-attacks. Cyber-attacks include, among other
behaviors, stealing or corrupting data maintained online or digitally (including, for example,
through cyber-attacks known as “phishing” and “spear-phishing”), denial-of-service attacks on
websites, the unauthorized release of confidential information and causing operational
disruption. Cyber-attacks may interfere with the processing of transactions, cause the release of
private information or confidential information, cause reputational damage, and subject EIC to
regulatory fines, penalties or financial losses, reimbursement or other compensation costs,
and/or additional compliance costs. While EIC has established information security policies and
systems designed to prevent such cyber-attacks, there are limitations to such plans, including the
possibility that certain risks have not been identified or mitigated.
DISCIPLINARY INFORMATION (ITEM 9)
Registered investment advisers are required to disclose all material facts regarding any legal or
disciplinary events that would be material to your evaluation of the Firm or the integrity of our
management.
EIC has no legal or disciplinary events to report.
OTHER FINANCIAL INDUSTRY ACTIVITIES AND AFFILIATIONS (ITEM 10)
Registered investment advisers are required to disclose all material facts regarding any other
financial industry affiliations that would be material to your evaluation of the Firm or the
integrity of our management.
EIC serves as the investment adviser to the EIC Value Fund (“Fund”) of FundVantage Trust,
a family of mutual funds distributed and underwritten by Foreside Funds Distributors LLC
(“Foreside”). The Fund is a diversified, open-end mutual fund registered under the Investment
EQUITY INVESTMENT CORPORATION
12 | P a g e
Company Act of 1940. N i n e EIC employees are FINRA- registered representatives of Foreside
(one of whom is the supervisor of the other eight registered representatives).
Foreside is not an affiliate of EIC. Foreside is a limited-purpose broker-dealer who distributes
mutual funds to financial advisors, broker-dealers, registered investment advisers, and other
authorized financial intermediaries. Registered representatives are licensed as wholesalers
through Foreside for purposes of marketing the Fund only to these intermediaries and are
prohibited from marketing the Fund directly to retail or institutional investors. Registered
representatives are employees of EIC and not employees of Foreside. As EIC employees,
registered representatives are compensated by EIC and do not receive commissions from direct
sales by broker-dealers distributing the Fund.
CODE OF ETHICS, PARTICIPATION OR INTEREST IN CLIENT TRANSACTIONS AND
PERSONAL TRADING (ITEM 11)
EIC has adopted a Code of Ethics (“Code”) for all directors, officers, and employees (“supervised
persons”) of the Firm, which describes our standards of business conduct and fiduciary duty to
our clients. An investment adviser’s fiduciary duty under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 is
comprised of a duty of care and a duty of loyalty, which means that the adviser must act in the
best interest of a client at all times during the course of the relationship and may not subordinate
the client’s interest to its own. EIC’s supervised persons are required to follow our Code and must
acknowledge the terms of the Code annually or as amended.
EIC’s Code sets forth standards of conduct expected of supervised persons and includes, among
others: provisions for maintaining the confidentiality of client information; prohibitions on
insider trading; restrictions on the acceptance of material gifts; and requirements to report
certain political contributions, gifts, and business entertainment. Further, EIC h a s
e s t a b l i s h e d ethical walls around business activities where sharing information may create
a conflict of interest. T h e s e walls serve to limit the communication of certain information
between individuals or groups, whether written or oral, which could give rise to a conflict
of interest.
EIC’s Code addresses conflicts that could arise from personal trading by supervised persons.
The Code includes limitations on personal trading and sets forth reporting requirements for
personal securities holdings and personal securities transactions.
Subject to satisfying the Code and applicable laws, supervised persons may trade for their own
accounts in securities that are recommended to and/or purchased for our clients. The Code is
designed to assure that the personal securities transactions of supervised persons will not
interfere with the best interest of our clients while, at the same time, allowing supervised persons
to invest for their own accounts.
Under the Code, certain classes of securities have been designated as exempt transactions based
upon a determination that these would not interfere materially with the best interest of our
EQUITY INVESTMENT CORPORATION
13 | P a g e
clients. In addition, the Code requires pre-clearance of many transactions and restricts trading in
close proximity to client trading activity. Nonetheless, because the Code in some circumstances
would permit supervised persons to invest in the same securities as clients, there is a
possibility that supervised persons might benefit from market activity by clients. Personal
trading is continually monitored under the Code to reasonably prevent conflicts of interest
between EIC’s supervised persons and our clients.
EIC clients or prospective clients may request a copy of the Firm's Code of Ethics by contacting
our Chief Compliance Officer at compliance@eicatlanta.com or 404-239-0111.
BROKERAGE PRACTICES (ITEM 12)
We seek the best overall execution of our investment decisions on behalf of our clients. W e
participate in a number of sponsored programs in which trades are typically directed to a
particular b r o k e r - d e a l e r by clients. For accounts that are not client directed to a
specific broker-dealer, we select broker-dealers based primarily on the quality and cost of their
trade execution and the quality and efficiency of their back-office functions, as well as other
ancillary services that may be useful in the execution of our investment management
responsibilities. We are mindful of the transaction costs, bid-ask spread, market impact, and
opportunity costs associated with every trade.
When a security is traded across participating accounts and through various broker-dealers, a
trade rotation is established. In general, trades occurring for accounts custodied at a given
broker-dealer will be aggregated into one group for execution regardless of client type or
strategy. Where we have not been directed by clients to use a specific broker-dealer, accounts
are traded together as a group and included in the same rotation. With all of our mass purchases
and sales, we alternate trade order to ensure that all accounts are treated equitably. Each trade
receives a new rotation, and the group that was last for the previous mass trade goes first,
shifting all others down one notch in the rotation. Additionally, the sequential order of
brokerage firms is shuffled at the start of each calendar year. All managed accounts, whether
directed or non-directed, discretionary, or advisory, are treated equally in the trade rotation. If
the execution is not confirmed within a reasonable time period by a broker-dealer while in the
rotation, EIC will proceed to the next firm in the rotation so as not to delay the trade for other
accounts. Accounts of EIC’s supervised persons are always traded last in the rotation.
An order might be worked over a number of days with a broker-dealer. In the case of a complete
execution, trades may be allocated on either an average price basis across all participating
accounts or on an account by account basis as appropriate, as long as the allocation is not based
on the ex-post price of execution and not made in a way that systematically discriminates in favor
or against any client or set of clients. On partially filled orders, if 1/3 or more of the original order
is completed, we will prorate the order for the group of accounts. If less than 1/3 of the
original order is completed, we will randomly fill the order unless there are other factors that,
upon consideration, would dictate otherwise. To ensure fairness in allocation, accounts are
EQUITY INVESTMENT CORPORATION
14 | P a g e
selected randomly by our trading system with no intervention from the trader. If a broker-
dealer’s program/system does not have this functionality, we default to their allocation method.
Trading errors are infrequent and are corrected as soon as possible. In the event a trading error
occurs, EIC’s policy is to restore a client’s account to the position it should have been had the
trading error not occurred unless there is a gain that can be credited to the client’s account.
Depending on the circumstances, corrective actions may include canceling the trade, adjusting an
allocation, and/or reimbursing the account. If a trading error occurs, a Trading Error Form is
completed by the trader, signed by the trader and their supervisor, and submitted to the CCO.
We recognize that many of our clients have broader investment objectives than represented
solely by our involvement with their investments. Such clients may direct us in writing to use
specific broker-dealers for execution and implementation of their investment decisions,
allowing the client to receive other services of value not provided by us, such as custody,
ongoing consultation and advice, assistance with non-EIC related financial matters, asset
allocation, financial planning, assistance in the selection of investment advisers, ongoing
monitoring of their investments, and other services. In such cases, our ability to obtain “best
execution” in the implementation of our decisions is limited by the client’s desire to receive such
other services, and the client should recognize that we are not negotiating brokerage
commissions on his behalf. As a result, commissions or brokerage fees for such accounts may be
higher than for accounts where such services are not being provided.
When clients have no preference, we may recommend that they establish accounts with the
Schwab Institutional division of Charles Schwab & Co., Inc. (“Schwab”), a registered broker-
dealer and member of the SIPC, to maintain custody of clients’ assets and to effect trades for
their accounts. EIC is independently owned and operated and not affiliated with Schwab.
Schwab provides us with access to its institutional trading and custody services, which are
typically not available to Schwab retail investors. Schwab’s services include brokerage, custody,
research, and access to mutual funds and other investments that are otherwise generally
available only to institutional investors or would require a significantly higher minimum initial
investment.
For our client accounts maintained in its custody, Schwab does not charge separately for
custody. Rather, Schwab is compensated by account holders through transaction-related fees
for securities trades that are executed through Schwab or that settle into Schwab accounts.
Schwab also makes available to us other products and services that benefit EIC but might
not directly benefit clients’ accounts. Some of these other products and services assist in
managing and administering clients’ accounts. These include software and other technology that
provide access to client account data (such as trade confirmations and account statements);
facilitate trade execution (and allocation of aggregated trade orders for multiple client accounts);
provide research, pricing information, and other market data; facilitate payment of fees from
its clients’ accounts; and assist with back-office functions, recordkeeping, and client
reporting. Schwab Institutional also makes available other services intended to help us manage
EQUITY INVESTMENT CORPORATION
15 | P a g e
and further develop our business enterprise. These services can include consulting,
publications, and conferences on practice management, information technology, business
succession, regulatory compliance, and marketing. In addition, Schwab might make available,
arrange and/or pay for these types of services rendered to us by independent third parties.
Schwab Institutional may discount or waive fees it would otherwise charge for some of these
services or pay all or a part of the fees of a third party providing these services to us.
EIC does not have a soft-dollar budget, nor do we enter into any formal soft-dollar commitments
with broker-dealers. From time to time, we may affect transactions for clients with broker-
dealers who incidentally provide us with research or other related products and services, thus
providing lawful and appropriate assistance to us in the performance of our investment
decision-making responsibilities. Notably, we don’t “pay up” for any of these services. Rather,
we pay competitive commission rates to all of the broker-dealers with whom we trade and
regularly evaluate the quality of executions being received.
REVIEW OF ACCOUNTS (ITEM 13)
Our policy is to review portfolios on an ongoing basis, so they are consistent both with stated
investment objectives and any investment restrictions, as well as internal policies and
procedures. Our portfolio management system provides a number of reports that monitor
consistency across all accounts. For example, portfolio cross-reference reports show which
accounts hold a position and at what weight. In addition, accounts are reviewed on a regular
basis by examining reports on both asset allocation and portfolio drift as well as exception
reports for each mass trade.
We also review performance outliers on a regular basis to determine the cause of the disparity.
As a result, there is relatively little deviation in the portfolio characteristics, sector or industry
weightings, and actual holdings among portfolios. In fact, dispersion across all accounts has been
minimal, as reflected by the low standard deviation of returns for portfolios in our composites.
Typically, exceptions to this have been caused by either significant cash flows or client-imposed
account restrictions.
Our head trader is responsible for running asset allocation and portfolio cross-reference reports.
Members of the performance measurement team are responsible for finding performance
outliers. In addition, members of the investment management team and the Chief Compliance
Officer review portfolios on an ad-hoc basis.
For those clients who have requested and contracted to receive communications from us
directly, we provide detailed, written quarterly reports. Reports can include a portfolio
summary, a performance review, an investment analysis, a list of portfolio holdings, and a
quarterly activity summary.
CLIENT REFERRALS AND OTHER COMPENSATION (ITEM 14)
EQUITY INVESTMENT CORPORATION
16 | P a g e
EIC does not pay referral fees to independent persons or firms.
CUSTODY (ITEM 15)
We do not provide custodial services to our clients. We are not a broker-dealer and do not typically
take possession of client assets. Our client assets are held by custodians, who are selected by the
clients themselves.
We do not allow agreements with clients that will authorize or permit us to withdraw client funds
or securities maintained with a qualified custodian under a standing letter of authorization (SLOA).
Further, we do not allow agreements with clients that will authorize or permit us to move money
between clients’ own accounts (first-person transfers) by wire transfer. However, if authorized by
the client and in accordance with their agreement with us, we will invoice the custodian for payment
of fees directly from the client’s accounts, which would be deemed to be custody under Rule 206(4)-
2(d)(2)(ii).
Clients should receive statements at least quarterly from the broker-dealer, bank, or other qualified
custodian that holds and maintains the client’s investment assets. We urge clients to carefully
review and compare such official custodial records to the account statements that we may provide.
Clients are asked to promptly notify EIC’s Chief Compliance Officer at compliance@eicatlanta.com
or 404-239-0111 if the custodian fails to provide statements on each account held. Our statements
may vary from custodial statements based on accounting procedures, reporting dates, or valuation
methodologies used for certain securities.
INVESTMENT DISCRETION (ITEM 16)
At the outset of an advisory relationship, we typically receive discretionary authority from the client
to select the identity and amount of securities to be bought or sold. We have a limited power of
attorney to place trades on the client's behalf. When selecting and determining amounts of
securities, we observe the investment policies, limitations, and restrictions of our clients. For the EIC
Value Fund, our authority to trade securities can also be limited by certain federal securities and tax
laws that require diversification of investments and favor the holding of investments once made.
We do not have investment discretion in UMA accounts, which we consider to be assets under
advisement as opposed to assets under management. The UMA Program sponsor is the
discretionary investment manager and is responsible for monitoring the investment needs of their
clients participating in the Program. We provide a UMA Program sponsor, or overlay manager, with
non-discretionary recommendations via our investment model to assist in the development of a
portfolio that the sponsor, or overlay manager, may determine to be suitable for its clients. It is the
sole responsibility of each UMA Program’s sponsor, or overlay manager, to make investment
decisions for their UMA Program accounts.
VOTING CLIENT SECURITIES (ITEM 17)
EQUITY INVESTMENT CORPORATION
17 | P a g e
In the absence of written and specific voting guidelines or instructions from clients, we vote proxies
solely in accordance with what we believe are the best long-term interests of our clients. However,
we vote against proposals that adversely affect:
1. the firm's long-term economic attractiveness;
2. the normal functioning of shareholder democracy; and/or
3. our clients' position as owners of the company.
For example, we normally vote against anti-takeover provisions since they often infringe on
shareholder democracy. However, we have voted in favor of staggered board terms on the basis
that these increase continuity of management regardless of who the owner is.
We vote in favor of plans that provide an incentive to stock ownership by employees, management,
and directors. However, the potential for dilution that some stock option and grant plans present is
a concern.
Since a fiduciary's endorsement of excessive dilution could be viewed as an imprudent action, we
vote against plans that:
1. allocate more than 5% of the firm's shares to incentive compensation; or
2. do not set a limit on the maximum amount that can be awarded to an individual in a
given year;
3. grant options with an exercise price less than 100% of the fair market value at the date
of grant, or less than 85% of the fair market value on the date of grant if the discount is
granted in lieu of a reasonable amount of salary or cash bonus;
4. do not delineate the conditions for grants to non-employee directors, but rather make
it subject to management's discretion;
5. expressly allow the repricing of underwater options.
Requirements #1, #2, and #4 may be waived if the option grant itself (not the exercising of the grant)
requires a financial investment on the part of the recipient since such an investment by the recipient
may serve as a built-in control against excessive dilution.
Our portfolio managers conduct independent research and communicate with issuers concerning
ballot resolutions. Issuing companies reach out to us, the shareholder of record, to clarify their
positions on ballot resolutions. We do not subscribe to a proxy voting advisory firm for research
materials. However, we utilize ProxyEdge, a proxy-voting service provided by Broadridge Investor
Communications Services, Inc. (“Broadridge”), for electronic delivery of ballots, online voting, and
EQUITY INVESTMENT CORPORATION
18 | P a g e
integrated reporting and recordkeeping of our proxy votes. Also, we subscribe to Broadridge’s fully
integrated vote recommendations, including auto-execute, provided by Glass, Lewis & Co., LLC
(“Glass Lewis”), a proxy advisory firm not affiliated with us. Notwithstanding our subscriptions to
these services, we retain final authority and fiduciary responsibility for proxy voting.
When Glass Lewis’ auto-execute has been completed for an issuer’s proxy voting ballot, we receive
notification from ProxyEdge. Glass Lewis’ vote recommendations are reviewed for conflicts with our
proxy voting guidelines as stated above. Generally, Glass Lewis’ voting recommendations are
consistent with our proxy voting guidelines. Where a Glass Lewis vote recommendation is in conflict
with our proxy voting guidelines, we will override Glass Lewis’ auto-execute vote. Additionally,
where an issuer has a conflict with a Glass Lewis vote recommendation, as indicated by an issuer
conflict flag recorded on ProxyEdge, we will further analyze Glass Lewis’ vote recommendation.
Consistent with our proxy voting guidelines and our perceived best long-term economic interests of
our clients, we will either override or let stand the Glass Lewis vote recommendation.
We retain records of each proxy vote taken, which are available to the client upon request. A copy
of our proxy voting policies and procedures is also available to clients upon request.
Unless we otherwise agree in writing, we do not advise or take any action on behalf of clients in any
legal proceedings, including bankruptcies or class actions, involving securities held or formerly held
in client accounts or the issuers of those securities.
FINANCIAL INFORMATION (ITEM 18)
As a registered investment adviser with discretionary authority over client funds or securities, we
are required in this Item to disclose any financial condition that is reasonably likely to impair our
ability to meet contractual commitments to our clients. We have no financial commitments
impairing our ability to meet contractual and fiduciary obligations to clients, and we have never
been the subject of a bankruptcy proceeding.
EQUITY INVESTMENT CORPORATION
19 | P a g e
1776 Peachtree Street NW, Suite 600S
Atlanta, GA 30309
Telephone: 404-239-0111 / 877-342-0111
Facsimile: 404-239-0280
www.eicatlanta.com
ADV PART 2B
Client Brochure Supplement
March 27, 2025
COVER PAGE (ITEM 1)
This Client Brochure Supplement (“Supplement”) provides information about various Equity
Investment Corporation (“EIC,” the “Firm,” “we,” “us,” or “our”) employees. If you did not
receive EIC’s Form ADV Part 2A Client Brochure, or if you have any questions about the
contents of this Supplement, contact our Chief Compliance Officer, at 404-239-0111 or
compliance@eicatlanta.com.
Additional information about EIC is available via the SEC’s website www.adviserinfo.sec.gov.
The SEC’s web site also provides information about any persons affiliated with EIC who are
registered, or are required to be registered, as investment adviser representatives of EIC.
1 | P a g e
EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND AND BUSINESS EXPERIENCE (ITEM 2)
The following EIC supervised persons are responsible for investment decisions associated with
all of our investment strategies, and thus have discretionary authority over clients’ assets and
may at times have direct contact with clients.
W. Andrew Bruner, CPA, CFA
R. Terrence Irrgang, CFA
Ian T. Zabor, CFA
Robert M. Ladyman, CFA
Thomas W. Knapp, CFA
W. Andrew Bruner, CPA, CFA
Year of birth: 1968
W. Andrew Bruner, CPA, CFA, joined the investment adviser in 1999 as a portfolio manager
and was named Director of Research in 2010. From 1992 to 1999, he held various positions with
KPMG LLP, ultimately serving as a senior manager in the firm’s transaction services practice
conducting merger and acquisition due diligence. Andrew earned a BA from the University of
the South in international politics and economics followed by a Master in Professional
Accounting from the University of Texas at Austin. He received the Certified Public Accountant
designation in 1993 and the Chartered Financial Analyst® designation in 1999.
R. Terrence “Terry” Irrgang, CFA
Year of birth: 1957
R. Terrence Irrgang, CFA, joined the investment adviser in 2003 as a portfolio manager.
Previously he was a partner and portfolio manager at INVESCO Capital Management. Prior to
INVESCO, Terry worked at Towers Perrin and Mercer Consulting, where he assisted clients with
asset allocation, manager selection, and performance monitoring activities. Terry earned a BA
in history from Gettysburg College and an MBA from Temple University. He received the
Chartered Financial Analyst® designation in 1990.
Ian T. Zabor, CFA
Year of birth: 1975
Ian T. Zabor, CFA, joined the investment adviser in 2005 as a research analyst. He was named
Portfolio Manager in 2010. Prior to joining EIC, he held trading, analyst, and portfolio
management roles with AG Edwards, The US Small Business Administration, and Wachovia
Securities. Ian earned a BA in economics from Indiana University and an MBA from the
University of Virginia Darden School of Business. He received the Chartered Financial Analyst®
designation in 2004.
EQUITY INVESTMENT CORPORATION
2 | P a g e
Robert “Bo” M. Ladyman, CFA
Year of birth: 1987
Robert M. Ladyman, CFA, joined the Firm in 2017 as an investment research analyst and was
named Portfolio Manager in 2022. Before joining EIC, Bo worked for Resolution Capital as an
analyst for their office, industrial, and data center REIT sectors. Prior to that, he was a senior
equity research associate with Raymond James and a research associate with Morgan Keegan.
Bo graduated from Furman University with a BA in Mathematics and Economics. He received
the Chartered Financial Analyst® designation in 2013.
Thomas “Tom” W. Knapp, CFA
Year of birth: 1984
Thomas W. Knapp, CFA, joined the Firm in 2018 as an investment research analyst and was
named Portfolio Manager in 2022. Before joining EIC, Tom worked for Eagle Asset Management,
where he spent ten years, first as a trader and then as a credit analyst. Tom earned a BS in
Finance from Florida State University and an MBA from Columbia University. He received the
Chartered Financial Analyst® designation in 2011.
Professional Designations
CPA (Certified Public Accountant): CPAs are licensed and regulated by their state boards of
accountancy. While state laws and regulations vary, the education, experience and testing
requirements for licensure as a CPA generally include minimum college education (typically 150
credit hours with at least a bachelor’s degree and a required minimum level of
accounting)and business courses, minimum experience levels (most states require one t o
t w o years of r e l e v a n t a c c o u n t i n g e xperience which must be under the supervision of
or verification by a CPA), and successful passage of the U . S . Uniform CPA Examination. In
order to maintain a p r a c t i c i n g CPA license, states generally require the completion of 80
hours of continuing professional education (CPE) e v e r y two years. Additionally, all a c t i v e
m e m b e r s o f t h e A merican Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA) agree
to complete 120 hours of CPE every three years and must abide by the AICPA Principles of the
Code of Professional Conduct, which requires that they act with integrity, objectivity and
independence, due care, competence, and carry out their responsibilities as committed
professionals to serve the public interest.
CFA® (Chartered Financial Analyst®): This designation is a globally respected, graduate- level
investment credential awarded by the CFA Institute. To earn the CFA charter, candidates must
(1) pass three levels of examinations sequentially; (2) have at least 4000 hours of qualified
professional investment experience completed in a minimum of 36 months; (3) join CFA
Institute as members; and (4) commit to and abide by, and annually reaffirm, their
adherence to the CFA Institute Code of Ethics and Standards of Professional Conduct and
the CFA Institute Professional Conduct Program. The CFA Program curriculum provides a
comprehensive framework of knowledge for investment decision making and is firmly
grounded in the knowledge and skills used every day in the investment profession. The three
EQUITY INVESTMENT CORPORATION
3 | P a g e
levels of the CFA Program test a mastery of a wide range of fundamental and advanced
investment topics, including ethical and professional standards, quantitative m ethods,
corporate governa nce, fixed-income and equity analysis, alternative and derivative
investments, economics, financial reporting standards, portfolio management, and wealth
planning. The CFA Institute Code of Ethics and Standards of Professional Conduct, enforced
through an active professional conduct program, require CFA charterholders to place their
clients’ interests ahead of their own, maintain independence and objectivity, act with
integrity, maintain and improve their professional competence, and disclose conflicts of
interest and legal matters. CFA® and Chartered Financial Analyst® are trademarks owned by
CFA Institute.
DISCIPLINARY INFORMATION (ITEM 3)
Messrs. Bruner, Irrgang, Zabor, Ladyman and Knapp have no disciplinary information to
disclose.
OTHER BUSINESS ACTIVITIES (ITEM 4)
Messrs. Bruner, Irrgang, Zabor, Ladyman and Knapp have no information to disclose.
ADDITIONAL COMPENSATION (ITEM 5)
Messrs. Bruner, Irrgang, Zabor, Ladyman and Knapp have no information to disclose.
SUPERVISION (ITEM 6)
Messrs. Bruner, Irrgang, Zabor, Ladyman and Knapp are responsible for investment decisions
associated with all of our investment strategies, including idea generation, fundamental
research, and portfolio construction. They meet informally on a regular basis to discuss
investment decisions. All are generalists – there is no division of responsibilities by sector or
industry.
Messrs. Ladyman and Knapp report to Messrs. Bruner, Irrgang and Zabor who are responsible for
supervising one another’s activities, including monitoring the advice provided for consistency
with client objective and EIC’s policies. They can be reached by calling (404) 239-0111.
EQUITY INVESTMENT CORPORATION
4 | P a g e