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Item 1
Cover Page
Excelsior Investors
SEC File Number: 801 – 57626
Brochure
Dated: January 22, 2026
Contact: Jason P. Good, Chief Compliance Officer
34 Water Street, Suite 8
Excelsior, MN 55331
www.excelsiorinvestors.com
This Brochure provides information about the qualifications and business practices of Excelsior
Investors. If you have any questions about the contents of this Brochure, please contact us at (952)
941-2795 or Jason@excelsiorinvestors.com. The information in this Brochure has not been approved
or verified by the United States Securities and Exchange Commission or by any state securities
authority.
Additional information about Excelsior Investors also is available on the SEC’s website at
www.adviserinfo.sec.gov.
References herein to Excelsior Investors as a “registered investment adviser” or any reference to
being “registered” does not imply a certain level of skill or training.
Item 2
Material Changes
Since the most recent Annual Amendment filing on February 3, 2025, this Disclosure Brochure has not
been materially amended.
ANY QUESTIONS: Registrant’s Chief Compliance Officer, Jason Good, remains available to address any
questions regarding this Part 2A, including the disclosure additions and enhancements below.
Item 3
Table of Contents
Item 1 Cover Page .................................................................................................................................... 1
Item 2 Material Changes .......................................................................................................................... 2
Item 3
Table of Contents .......................................................................................................................... 2
Item 4 Advisory Business ........................................................................................................................ 3
Fees and Compensation ................................................................................................................ 8
Item 5
Performance-Based Fees and Side-by-Side Management .......................................................... 10
Item 6
Item 7
Types of Clients .......................................................................................................................... 10
Item 8 Methods of Analysis, Investment Strategies and Risk of Loss ................................................... 10
Item 9 Disciplinary Information ............................................................................................................ 12
Item 10 Other Financial Industry Activities and Affiliations .................................................................. 12
Item 11 Code of Ethics, Participation or Interest in Client Transactions and Personal Trading.............. 12
Item 12 Brokerage Practices .................................................................................................................... 13
Item 13 Review of Accounts .................................................................................................................... 15
Item 14 Client Referrals and Other Compensation .................................................................................. 15
Item 15 Custody ....................................................................................................................................... 15
Item 16
Investment Discretion ................................................................................................................. 16
Item 17 Voting Client Securities .............................................................................................................. 16
Item 18 Financial Information ................................................................................................................. 16
Item 4
Advisory Business
Intelligent Financial Strategies, LLC dba Excelsior Investors (the “Registrant”) is a limited liability
company in the State of Minnesota and became registered as an Investment Adviser Firm in May
2000. Jason Good is the firm’s Managing Member and sole owner.
As discussed below, the Registrant offers to its clients (individuals, high net worth individuals,
trusts, estates, and charitable organizations, etc.) discretionary and non-discretionary investment
advisory services, and, to the extent requested by a client, financial planning and related consulting
services.
INVESTMENT ADVISORY SERVICES
The client can determine to engage the Registrant to provide discretionary and/or non-discretionary
investment advisory services on a fee-only or fixed fee basis. In the event that the Registrant
determines to provide investment advisory services on a fee-only basis, the Registrant’s negotiable
annual investment advisory fee is based upon a percentage (%) of the market value of the assets
placed under the Registrant’s management (generally between 0.50% and 1.00%) as follows:
Amounts over $2,000,000
Assets Under Management Annual Fee (%)
On the first $2,000,000 1.00%
0.50%
Registrant's annual investment advisory fee shall include investment advisory services, and, to the
extent requested by the client, financial planning and consulting services. In the event that the client
requires extraordinary planning and/or consultation services (to be determined in the sole discretion
of the Registrant), the Registrant may determine to charge for such additional services, the dollar
amount of which shall be set forth in a separate written notice to the client. Before engaging
Registrant to provide investment advisory services, clients are generally required to enter into an
Investment Advisory Agreement with Registrant setting forth the terms and conditions of the
engagement (including termination), describing the scope of the services to be provided, and the
fee that is due from the client. To commence the investment advisory process, Registrant will
ascertain each client’s investment objective(s) and then allocate the client’s assets consistent with
the client’s designated investment objective(s). Once allocated, Registrant provides ongoing
supervision of the account(s).
Registrant’s annual investment advisory fee shall generally (exceptions can occur-see below)
include investment advisory services, and, to the extent specifically requested by the client,
financial planning and consulting services. In the event that the client requires extraordinary
planning and/or consultation services (to be determined in the sole discretion of Registrant),
Registrant may determine to charge for such additional services, the dollar amount of which shall
be set forth in a separate written notice to the client.
Fee Dispersion. Registrant, in its discretion, may charge a lesser investment advisory fee, charge
a flat fee, waive its fee entirely, or charge fee on a different interval, based upon certain criteria
(i.e., anticipated future earning capacity, anticipated future additional assets, dollar amount of assets
to be managed, related accounts, account composition, complexity of the engagement, anticipated
services to be rendered, grandfathered fee schedules, employees and family members, courtesy
accounts, competition, negotiations with client, etc.). Please Note: As result of the above, similarly
situated clients could pay different fees. In addition, similar advisory services may be available
from other investment advisers for similar or lower fees. ANY QUESTIONS: Registrant’s Chief
Compliance Officer, Jason P. Good, remains available to address any questions that a client or
prospective client may have regarding advisory fees.
MISCELLANEOUS
Limitations of Financial Planning and Non-Investment Consulting/Implementation Services.
To the extent requested by a client, Registrant may provide financial planning and related
consulting services regarding non-investment related matters, such as estate planning, tax planning,
insurance, etc. Registrant will generally provide such consulting services inclusive of its advisory
fee set forth at Item 5 below (exceptions could occur based upon assets under management,
extraordinary matters, special projects, stand-alone planning engagements, etc. for which Firm may
charge a separate or additional fee). Please Note: Registrant believes that it is important for the
client to address financial planning issues on an ongoing basis. Registrant’s advisory fee, as set
forth at Item 5 below, will remain the same regardless of whether or not the client determines to
address financial planning issues with Registrant. The Registrant does not serve as a law firm,
accounting firm, or insurance agency, and no portion of Registrant’s services should be construed
as legal, accounting, or insurance implementation services. Accordingly, Registrant does not
prepare estate planning documents, tax returns, nor does it offer or sell insurance products. To the
extent requested by a client, Registrant may recommend the services of other professionals for
certain non-investment implementation purposes (i.e., attorneys, accountants, insurance agents,
etc.). Clients are reminded that they are under no obligation to engage the services of any such
recommended professional. The client retains absolute discretion over all such implementation
decisions and is free to accept or reject any recommendation made by Registrant or its
representatives. Please Note: If the client engages any professional (i.e., attorney, accountant,
insurance agent, etc.), recommended or otherwise, and a dispute arises thereafter relative to such
engagement, the client agrees to seek recourse exclusively from the engaged professional. At all
times, the engaged licensed professional(s) (i.e., attorney, accountant, insurance agent, etc.), and
not Registrant, shall be responsible for the quality and competency of the services provided.
Please note that neither the Registrant nor its investment adviser representatives assist clients with
the implementation of any financial plan, unless they have agreed to do so in writing. The
Registrant does not monitor a client’s financial plan, and it is the client’s responsibility to
revisit the financial plan with the Registrant, if desired.
Non-Discretionary Service Limitations. Clients that determine to engage Registrant on a non-
discretionary investment advisory basis must be willing to accept that Registrant cannot effect any
account transactions without obtaining prior consent to such transaction(s) from the client. Thus,
in the event that Registrant would like to make a transaction for a client’s account (including in the
event of an individual holding or general market correction), and the client is unavailable, the
Registrant will be unable to effect the account transaction(s) (as it would for its discretionary
clients) without first obtaining the client’s consent.
Use of Mutual Funds and Exchange Traded Funds: While the Registrant may recommend
allocating investment assets to mutual funds and exchange traded funds that are not available
directly to the public, the Registrant may also recommend that clients allocate investment assets to
publicly available mutual funds exchange traded funds that the client could obtain without engaging
Registrant as an investment adviser. Thus, a client can generally obtain the funds recommended
and/or utilized by Registrant independent of engaging Registrant as an investment advisor.
However, if a client or prospective client determines to allocate investment assets to publicly
available mutual funds and exchange traded funds without engaging Registrant as an investment
adviser, the client or prospective client would not receive the benefit of Registrant’s initial and
ongoing investment advisory services. Other mutual funds, such as those issued by Dimensional
Fund Advisors (“DFA”), are generally only available through registered investment advisers.
Registrant may allocate client investment assets to DFA mutual funds. Therefore, upon the
termination of Registrant’s services to a client, restrictions regarding transferability and/or
additional purchases of, or reallocation among DFA funds will apply. Registrant’s Chief
Compliance Officer, Jason P. Good, remains available to address any questions that a client
or prospective client may have regarding the above.
Retirement Rollovers-Potential for Conflict of Interest: A client or prospective client leaving
an employer typically has four options regarding an existing retirement plan (and may engage in a
combination of these options): (i) leave the money in the former employer’s plan, if permitted, (ii)
roll over the assets to the new employer’s plan, if one is available and rollovers are permitted, (iii)
roll over to an Individual Retirement Account (“IRA”), or (iv) cash out the account value (which
could, depending upon the client’s age, result in adverse tax consequences). If the Registrant
provides a recommendation as to whether a client should engage in rollover or not (whether it is
from an employer’s plan or an existing IRA), Registrant is acting as a fiduciary within the meaning
of Title I of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act and/or the Internal Revenue Code, as
applicable, which are laws governing retirement accounts. If the Registrant recommends that a
client roll over their retirement plan assets into an account to be managed by the Registrant, such a
recommendation creates a conflict of interest if the Registrant will earn a new (or increase its
current) advisory fee as a result of the rollover. No client is under any obligation to roll over
retirement plan assets to an account managed by Registrant, whether it is from an employer’s
plan or an existing IRA . The Registrant’s Chief Compliance Officer, Jason P. Good, remains
available to address any questions that a client or prospective client may have regarding the
conflict of interest presented by such a rollover recommendation.
eMoney Advisor Platform. Registrant may provide its clients with access to an online platform
hosted by eMoney Advisor (“eMoney”). The eMoney platform allows a client to view their
complete asset allocation, including those assets that Registrant does not manage (the “Excluded
Assets”). Registrant does not provide investment management, monitoring, or implementation
services for the Excluded Assets. Therefore, Registrant shall not be responsible for the investment
performance of the Excluded Assets. Rather, the client and/or their advisor(s) that maintain
management authority for the Excluded Assets, and not Registrant, shall be exclusively
responsible for such investment performance. The client may choose to engage Registrant to
manage some or all of the Excluded Assets pursuant to the terms and conditions of an Investment
Advisory Agreement between Registrant and the client. The eMoney platform also provides access
to other types of information, including financial planning concepts, which should not, in any
manner whatsoever, be construed as services, advice, or recommendations provided by Registrant.
Finally, Registrant shall not be held responsible for any adverse results a client may experience if
the client engages in financial planning or other functions available on the eMoney platform
without Registrant’s assistance or oversight.
Fidelity/Schwab. As discussed below at Item 12, Registrant recommends that Fidelity Investments
(“Fidelity”) and/or Charles Schwab & Co, Inc. (“Schwab”) serve as the broker-dealer/custodian
for client investment management assets. The specific broker-dealer/custodian recommended could
depend upon the scope and nature of the services required by the client. Broker-dealers such as
Schwab and Fidelity charge brokerage commissions, transaction, and/or other type fees for
effecting certain types of securities transactions (i.e., including transaction fees for certain mutual
funds, and mark-ups and mark-downs charged for fixed income transactions, etc.). The types of
securities for which transaction fees, commissions, and/or other type fees (as well as the amount of
those fees) shall differ depending upon the broker-dealer/custodian. While certain custodians,
including Schwab and Fidelity, do not currently charge fees on individual equity transactions
(including ETFs), generally (with exceptions) others do. Please Note: there can be no assurance
that Schwab and/or Fidelity will not change their transaction fee pricing in the future. Please Also
Note: Fidelity and Schwab may also assess fees to clients who elect to receive trade confirmations
and account statements by regular mail rather than electronically. In addition to Registrant’s
investment management fee and applicable brokerage commissions and/or transaction fees, clients
will also incur, relative to all mutual fund and exchange traded fund purchases, charges imposed at
the fund level (e.g., management fees and other fund expenses). Any fees charged by Fidelity and
Schwab, as well as the charges imposed at the mutual fund and exchange traded fund level, are in
addition to Registrant’s advisory fee referenced above and in Item 5 below. Registrant does not
receive any portion of these fees/charges.
Portfolio Activity. Registrant has a fiduciary duty to provide services consistent with the client’s
best interest. As part of its investment advisory services, Registrant will review client portfolios on
an ongoing basis to determine if any changes are necessary based upon various factors, including,
but not limited to, investment performance, market conditions, mutual fund manager tenure, style
drift, account additions/withdrawals ,and/or a change in the client’s investment objective. Based
upon these factors, there may be extended periods of time when Registrant determines that changes
to a client’s portfolio are neither necessary nor prudent. Clients nonetheless remain subject to the
fees described in Item 5 during periods of account inactivity. In addition, as indicated below, there
can be no assurance that investment decisions made by Registrant will be profitable or equal any
specific performance level(s).
Cash Sweep Accounts. Cash Sweep Accounts. Certain account custodians can require that cash
proceeds from account transactions or new deposits, be swept to and/or initially maintained in a
specific custodian designated sweep account. The yield on the sweep account will generally be
lower than those available for other money market accounts. When this occurs, to help mitigate the
corresponding yield dispersion, Registrant shall (usually within 30 days thereafter) generally (with
exceptions) purchase a higher yielding money market fund (or other type security) available on the
custodian’s platform, unless Registrant reasonably anticipates that it will utilize the cash proceeds
during the subsequent 30-day period to purchase additional investments for the client’s account.
Exceptions and/or modifications can and will occur with respect to all or a portion of the cash
balances for various reasons, including, but not limited to the amount of dispersion between the
sweep account and a money market fund, the size of the cash balance, an indication from the client
of an imminent need for such cash, or the client has a demonstrated history of writing checks from
the account.
Please Note: The above does not apply to the cash component maintained within the Registrant’s
actively managed investment strategy (the cash balances for which shall generally remain in the
custodian designated cash sweep account), an indication from the client of a need for access to such
cash, assets allocated to an unaffiliated investment manager, and cash balances maintained for fee
billing purposes. Please Also Note: The client shall remain exclusively responsible for yield
dispersion/cash balance decisions and corresponding transactions for cash balances maintained in
any of the .Registrant’s unmanaged accounts. ANY QUESTIONS: Registrant’s Chief Compliance
Officer remains available to address any questions that a client or prospective client may have
regarding the above.
Cybersecurity Risk. The information technology systems and networks that Registrant and its
third-party service providers use to provide services to Registrant’s clients employ various controls
that are designed to prevent cybersecurity incidents stemming from intentional or unintentional
actions that could cause significant interruptions in the Registrant’s operations and/or result in the
unauthorized acquisition or use of clients’ confidential or non-public personal information. In
accordance with Regulation S-P, Registrant is committed to protecting the privacy and security of
its clients' non-public personal information by implementing appropriate administrative, technical,
and physical safeguards. Registrant has established processes to mitigate the risks of cybersecurity
incidents, including the requirement to restrict access to such sensitive data and to monitor its
systems for potential breaches. Clients and Registrant are nonetheless subject to the risk of
cybersecurity incidents that could ultimately cause them to incur financial losses and/or other
adverse consequences. Although Registrant has established processes to reduce the risk of
cybersecurity incidents, there is no guarantee that these efforts will always be successful, especially
considering that Registrant does not control the cybersecurity measures and policies employed by
third-party service providers,
issuers of securities, broker-dealers, qualified custodians,
governmental and other regulatory authorities, exchanges, and other financial market operators and
providers. In compliance with Regulation S-P, Registrant will notify clients in the event of a data
breach involving their non-public personal information as required by applicable state and federal
laws
Client Privacy and Confidentiality. The Registrant maintains policies and procedures designed
to help protect the confidentiality and security of client nonpublic personal information (“NPPI”).
NPPI includes, but is not limited to, social security numbers, credit or debit card numbers, state
identification card numbers, driver’s license number and account numbers. The Registrant
maintains administrative, technical, and physical safeguards designed to protect such information
from unauthorized access, use, loss, or destruction. These safeguards include controls relating to
data access, information security, and incident response, and are reviewed to address changes in
risk and business. Client information may be disclosed in response to regulatory requests, legal
obligations, or as otherwise permitted by law, and any such disclosure is made in accordance with
applicable privacy and confidentiality requirements.
The Registrant may engage non-affiliated service providers in connection with providing advisory
services, and such providers may have access to client NPPI, as necessary, to perform their
functions. The Registrant confirms that service providers maintain safeguards designed to protect
client information from unauthorized access or use and provide notice to the Registrant in the event
of a cybersecurity incident involving client information maintained by the service provider. While
the Registrant maintains policies and procedures designed to protect client information, such
measures cannot eliminate all risk. The Registrant will notify clients in the event of a data breach
involving their NPPI as may be required by applicable state and federal laws.
Trade Error Policy. We shall reimburse accounts for losses resulting from our trade errors. If our
trade error results in market gains, the client accounts shall retain the amount of such gains. The
gains and losses are reconciled within our custodian firm account.
financial
situation
objectives
for
the
purpose
Client Obligations. In performing our services, we shall not be required to verify any information
received from the client or from the client’s other professionals. Moreover, each client is advised
that it remains his/her/its responsibility to promptly notify us if there is ever any change in
his/her/its
of
investment
or
reviewing/evaluating/revising our previous recommendations and/or services.
Please Note: Investment Risk. Different types of investments involve varying degrees of risk, and
it should not be assumed that future performance of any specific investment or investment strategy
(including the investments and/or investment strategies recommended or undertaken by Registrant)
will be profitable or equal any specific performance level(s).
Disclosure Brochure. A copy of Registrant’s written Brochure as set forth on Part 2A of Form
ADV and Form CRS (Client Relationship Summary) shall be provided to each client prior to, or
contemporaneously with, the execution of an agreement between the client and Registrant.
The Registrant shall provide investment advisory services specific to the needs of each client. Prior
to providing investment advisory services, an investment adviser representative will ascertain each
client’s investment objective(s). Thereafter, the Registrant shall allocate and/or recommend that the
client allocate investment assets consistent with the designated investment objective(s). The client
may, at any time, impose reasonable restrictions, in writing, on the Registrant’s services. The
Registrant primarily recommends that clients allocate investment assets among various individual
equity (stocks), debt (bonds) and fixed income securities, mutual funds and/or exchange traded
funds (“ETFs”) in accordance with the client’s designated investment objective(s). Once allocated,
the Registrant provides ongoing monitoring and review of account performance, asset allocation
and client investment objectives.
The Registrant does not participate in a wrap fee program.
As of December 31, 2025, the Registrant had $241,994,381.00 in assets under management on a
discretionary basis.
Item 5
Fees and Compensation
Investment Advisory Services
If the client determines to engage the Registrant to provide discretionary and/or non-discretionary
investment advisory services on a fee-only basis, the Registrant’s negotiable annual investment
advisory fee is based upon a percentage (%) of the market value of the assets placed under the
Registrant’s management (between 0.50% and 1.00%) as follows:
Assets Under Management Annual Fee (%)
On the first $2,000,000 1.00%
0.50%
Amounts over $2,000,000
Registrant, in its sole discretion, may charge a lesser investment advisory fee and/or charge a fixed
fee based upon certain objective and subjective criteria (i.e. anticipated future earning capacity,
anticipated future additional assets, dollar amount of assets to be managed, related accounts,
account composition, prior fee schedules, competition, the scope and complexity of the
engagement; the anticipated number of meetings and servicing needs; related accounts; future
earning capacity; anticipated future additional assets; the professional(s) rendering the service(s);
prior relationships with the Registrant and/or its representatives, and negotiations with client, etc.).
Please Note: As result of the above, similarly situated clients could pay different fees. In addition,
similar advisory services may be available from other investment advisers for similar or lower fees.
ANY QUESTIONS: Registrant’s Chief Compliance Officer, Jason P. Good, remains available to
address any questions that a client or prospective client may have regarding advisory fees.
Registrant's annual investment advisory fee shall include investment advisory services, and, to the
extent requested by the client, financial planning and consulting services. In the event that the client
requires extraordinary planning and/or consultation services (to be determined in the sole discretion
of the Registrant), the Registrant may determine to charge for such additional services, the dollar
amount of which shall be set forth in a separate written notice to the client.
The Firm’s policy is to treat intra-quarter account additions and withdrawals equally (i.e., the Firm
does not charge for intra-quarter additions or withdrawals) unless indicated to the contrary on the
Firm’s Investment Advisory Agreement executed by the client
Please Note: Cash Positions. Registrant continues to treat cash as an asset class. As such, unless
determined to the contrary by Registrant, all cash positions (money markets, etc.) shall continue to
be included as part of assets under management for purposes of calculating Registrant’s advisory
fee. At any specific point in time, depending upon perceived or anticipated market
conditions/events (there being no guarantee that such anticipated market conditions/events will
occur), Registrant may maintain cash positions for defensive purposes. In addition, while assets are
maintained in cash, such amounts could miss market advances. Depending upon current yields, at
any point in time, Registrant’s advisory fee could exceed the interest paid by the client’s money
market fund. .ANY QUESTIONS: The Registrant’s Chief Compliance Officer, Jason P. Good,
remains available to address any questions that a client or prospective may have regarding
the above fee billing practice.
Clients may elect to have the Registrant’s advisory fees deducted from their custodial account. Both
Registrant's Investment Advisory Agreement and the custodial/ clearing agreement may authorize
the custodian to debit the account for the amount of the Registrant's investment advisory fee and to
directly remit that management fee to the Registrant in compliance with regulatory procedures. In
the limited event that the Registrant bills the client directly, payment is due upon receipt of the
Registrant’s invoice. The Registrant shall deduct fees and/or bill clients quarterly in advance, based
upon the market value of the assets on the last business day of the previous quarter. Registrant’s
policy is to treat intra-quarter account additions and withdrawals equally unless indicated to the
contrary on the Firm’s Investment Advisory Agreement executed by the client.
As discussed below, unless the client directs otherwise or an individual client’s circumstances
require, the Registrant shall generally recommend that Fidelity or Schwab serve as the broker-
dealer/custodian for client investment management assets. Broker-dealers/custodians such as
Fidelity and Schwab charge brokerage commissions and/or transaction fees for effecting certain
securities transactions (i.e., transaction fees are charged for certain mutual funds). In addition to
Registrant’s investment management fee, brokerage commissions and/or transaction fees, clients
will incur, relative to all mutual fund and exchange traded fund purchases, charges imposed at the
fund level (e.g., management fees and other fund expenses). While certain custodians, including
Schwab and Fidelity, generally (with exceptions) do not currently charge fees on individual equity
transactions (including ETFs), others do.
There can be no assurance that Schwab and or Fidelity will not change their transaction fee pricing
in the future. Schwab and Fidelity may also assess fees to clients who elect to receive trade
confirmations and account statements by regular mail rather than electronically.
Registrant's annual investment advisory fee shall be prorated and paid quarterly, in advance, based
upon the market value of the assets on the last business day of the previous quarter. Registrant
generally imposes an account minimum of $750,000 for investment advisory services. However,
Registrant, in its sole discretion, may charge a lesser investment management fee based upon
certain criteria (i.e. anticipated future earning capacity, anticipated future additional assets, dollar
amount of assets to be managed, related accounts, account composition, prior fee schedules,
competition, negotiations with client, etc.).
The Investment Advisory Agreement between the Registrant and the client will continue in effect
until terminated by either party by written notice in accordance with the terms of the Investment
Advisory Agreement. Upon termination, the Registrant shall refund the pro-rated portion of the
advanced advisory fee paid based upon the number of days remaining in the billing quarter.
Neither the Registrant, nor its representatives accept compensation from the sale of securities or
other investment products.
Item 6
Performance-Based Fees and Side-by-Side Management
Neither the Registrant nor any supervised person of the Registrant accepts performance-based
fees.
Item 7
Types of Clients
The Registrant’s clients shall generally include individuals, high net worth individuals, trusts,
estates, and charitable organizations. Registrant generally imposes an account minimum of
$750,000 for investment advisory services. The Registrant, in its sole discretion, may reduce or
waive its minimum asset requirement based upon certain criteria (i.e. anticipated future earning
capacity, anticipated future additional assets, related accounts, account composition, negotiations
with client, etc.). Please Note: As result of the above, similarly situated clients could pay different
fees. Similar advisory services may be available from other investment advisers for similar or lower
fees. ANY QUESTIONS: Registrant’s Chief Compliance Officer, Jason P. Good, remains
available to address any questions that a client may have regarding its advisory fee schedule.
Item 8
Methods of Analysis, Investment Strategies and Risk of Loss
The Registrant shall utilize the following methods of security analysis:
Fundamental - (analysis performed on historical and present data)
The Registrant shall utilize the following investment strategies when implementing investment
advice given to clients:
Long Term Purchases (securities held at least a year)
Short Term Purchases (securities sold within a year)
Please Note: Investment Risk. Different types of investments involve varying degrees of risk, and
it should not be assumed that future performance of any specific investment or investment strategy
(including the investments and/or investment strategies recommended or undertaken by the
Registrant) will be profitable or equal any specific performance level(s).
The Registrant’s methods of analysis and investment strategies do not present any significant or
unusual risks.
However, every method of analysis has its own inherent risks. To perform an accurate market
analysis the Registrant must have access to current/new market information. The Registrant has no
control over the dissemination rate of market information; therefore, unbeknownst to the
Registrant, certain analyses may be compiled with outdated market information, severely limiting
the value of the Registrant’s analysis. Furthermore, an accurate market analysis can only produce
a forecast of the direction of market values. There can be no assurances that a forecasted change in
market value will materialize into actionable and/or profitable investment opportunities.
The Registrant’s primary investment strategies - Long Term Purchases and Short Term Purchases
- are fundamental investment strategies. However, every investment strategy has its own inherent
risks and limitations. For example, longer term investment strategies require a longer investment
time period to allow for the strategy to potentially develop. Shorter term investment strategies
require a shorter investment time period to potentially develop but, as a result of more frequent
trading, may incur higher transactional costs when compared to a longer term investment strategy.
Investing in securities involves risk of loss that clients should be prepared to bear, including the
loss of principal investment. Past performance may not be indicative of future results. Investment
strategies such as asset allocation, diversification, or rebalancing do not assure or guarantee better
performance and cannot eliminate the risk of investment losses. There is no guarantee that a
portfolio employing these or any other strategy will outperform a portfolio that does not engage in
such strategies. While asset values may increase and client account values could benefit as a result,
it is also possible that asset values may decrease and client account values could suffer a loss.
The Registrant primarily allocates client investment assets among various mutual funds, exchange
traded funds (“ETFs”), or individual securities on a discretionary and non-discretionary basis in
accordance with the client’s designated investment objective(s).
An investment in a mutual fund or ETF involves risk, including the loss of principal. Mutual fund
and ETF shareholders are necessarily subject to the risks stemming from the individual issuers of
the fund’s underlying portfolio securities. Such shareholders are also liable for taxes on any fund-
level capital gains, as ETFs and mutual funds are required by law to distribute capital gains in the
event they sell securities for a profit that cannot be offset by a corresponding loss. As such, a
mutual fund or ETF client or investor may incur substantial tax liabilities even when the fund
underperforms.
Shares of mutual funds are distributed and redeemed on an ongoing basis by the fund itself or a
broker acting on its behalf. The trading price at which a share is transacted is equal to a fund’s
stated daily per share net asset value (“NAV”), plus any shareholders fees (e.g., sales loads,
purchase fees, redemption fees). The per-share NAV of a mutual fund is calculated at the end of
each business day, although the actual NAV fluctuates with intraday changes in the market value
of the fund’s holdings. The trading prices of a mutual fund’s shares may differ significantly from
the NAV during periods of market volatility, which may, among other factors, lead to the mutual
fund’s shares trading at a premium or discount to NAV.
Mutual funds are funds that are operated by an investment company that raises money from
shareholders and invests it in stocks, bonds, and/or other types of securities. The fund will have a
manager that trades the fund's investments in accordance with the fund's investment objective. The
mutual funds charge a separate management fee for their services. The returns on mutual funds can
be reduced by the costs to manage the funds. While mutual funds generally provide diversification,
risks can be significantly increased if the fund is concentrated in a particular sector of the market.
Mutual funds come in many varieties. Some invest aggressively for capital appreciation, while
others are conservative and are designed to generate income for shareholders.
Shares of ETFs are listed on securities exchanges and transacted at negotiated prices in the
secondary market. Generally, ETF shares trade at or near their most recent NAV, which is generally
calculated at least once daily for indexed-based ETFs and more frequently for actively managed
ETFs. However, certain inefficiencies may cause the shares to trade at a premium or discount to
their pro-rata NAV. There is also no guarantee that an active secondary market for such shares will
develop or continue to exist. While clients and investors may be able to sell their ETF shares on
an exchange, ETFs generally only redeems shares directly from shareholders when aggregated as
creation units (usually 50,000 shares or more). Therefore, if a liquid secondary market ceases to
exist for shares of a particular ETF, a shareholder may have no way to dispose of such shares.
Client portfolios may include individual dividend paying and non-dividend paying equity securities
held for the long term so as to minimize portfolio turnover and taxation. Registrant may also
purchase mutual funds in client portfolios with an emphasis on low cost and tax efficiency.
In addition, Registrant may recommend public real estate investments trusts (REITs) for certain
clients who desire to include real estate in their asset allocation strategy. REITs are subject to
risks generally associated with investing in real estate, such as: possible declines in the value of
real estate; adverse general and local economic conditions; possible lack of availability of mortgage
funds; changes in interest rates; and environmental problems. In addition, REITs are subject to
certain other risks related specifically to their structure and focus such as: dependency upon
management skills; limited diversification; the risks of locating and managing financing for
projects; heavy cash flow dependency; possible default by borrowers; the costs and potential losses
of self-liquidation of one or more holdings; the possibility of failing to maintain exemptions from
securities registration; and, in many cases, relatively small market capitalization, which may result
in less market liquidity and greater price volatility.
Item 9
Disciplinary Information
The Registrant has not been the subject of any disciplinary actions.
Item 10
Other Financial Industry Activities and Affiliations
The Registrant and related persons are not engaged in other financial industry activities and have
no other industry affiliations.
Item 11
Code of Ethics, Participation or Interest in Client Transactions and
Personal Trading
The Registrant maintains an investment policy relative to personal securities transactions. This
investment policy is part of Registrant’s overall Code of Ethics, which serves to establish a standard
of business conduct for all of Registrant’s Representatives that is based upon fundamental
principles of openness, integrity, honesty and trust, a copy of which is available upon request. In
accordance with Section 204A of the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, the Registrant also
maintains and enforces written policies reasonably designed to prevent the misuse of material non-
public information by the Registrant or any person associated with the Registrant.
Neither the Registrant nor any related person of Registrant recommends, buys, or sells for client
accounts, securities in which the Registrant or any related person of Registrant has a material
financial interest.
The Registrant and/or representatives of the Registrant may buy or sell securities that are also
recommended to clients. This practice may create a situation where the Registrant and/or
representatives of the firm are in a position to materially benefit from the sale or purchase of those
securities. Therefore, this situation creates a potential conflict of interest. Practices such as
“scalping” (i.e., a practice whereby the owner of shares of a security recommends that security for
investment and then immediately sells it at a profit upon the rise in the market price which follows
the recommendation) could take place if the Registrant did not have adequate policies in place to
detect such activities. In addition, this requirement can help detect insider trading, “front-running”
(i.e., personal trades executed prior to those of the Registrant’s clients) and other potentially abusive
practices.
The Registrant has a personal securities transaction policy in place to monitor the personal
securities transactions and securities holdings of each of the Registrant’s “Access Persons.” The
Registrant’s securities truncation policy requires that Access Person of the Registrant must provide
the Chief Compliance Officer or his/her designee with a written report of their current securities
holdings within ten (10) days after becoming an Access Person. Additionally, each Access Person
must provide the Chief Compliance Officer or his/her designee with a written report of the Access
Person’s current securities holdings at least once each twelve (12) month period thereafter on a date
the Registrant selects; provided, however that at any time that the Registrant has only one Access
Person, he or she shall not be required to submit any securities report described above.
The Registrant and/or representatives of the Registrant may buy or sell securities, at or around the
same time as those securities are recommended to clients. This practice creates a situation where
the Registrant and/or representatives of the firm are in a position to materially benefit from the sale
or purchase of those securities. Therefore, this situation creates a potential conflict of interest. As
indicated above in Item 11 C, the Registrant has a personal securities transaction policy in place to
monitor the personal securities transaction and securities holdings of each of Registrant’s Access
Persons.
Item 12
Brokerage Practices
In the event that the client requests that Registrant recommend a broker-dealer/custodian for
execution and/or custodial services, Registrant generally recommends that investment advisory
accounts be maintained at Schwab and/or Fidelity. Prior to engaging Registrant to provide
investment management services, the client will be required to enter into a formal Investment
Advisory Agreement with Registrant setting forth the terms and conditions under which Registrant
shall advise on the client's assets, and a separate custodial/clearing agreement with each designated
broker-dealer/custodian.
Factors that Registrant considers in recommending Schwab or Fidelity (or any other broker-
dealer/custodian to clients) include historical relationship with Registrant, financial strength,
reputation, execution capabilities, pricing, research, and service. To the extent that a transaction fee
will be payable by the client to Schwab or Fidelity, the transaction fee shall be in addition to
Registrant’s investment advisory fee referenced in Item 5 above. shall comply with Registrant’s
duty to obtain best execution, a client may pay a transaction fee that is higher than another qualified
broker-dealer might charge to effect the same transaction where Registrant determines, in good
faith, that the transaction fee is reasonable. In seeking best execution, and to the extent that a
transaction fee will be payable by the client, the determinative factor is not the lowest possible cost,
but whether the transaction represents the best qualitative execution, taking into consideration the
full range of a broker-dealer’s services, including the value of research provided, execution
capability, transaction rates, and responsiveness. Accordingly, although Registrant will seek
competitive rates, it may not necessarily obtain the lowest possible rates for client account
transactions. Unless services are provided in conjunction with a wrap program, transaction fees
charged by the designated broker-dealer/custodian are exclusive of, and in addition to, Registrant’s
investment advisory fee.
Research and Additional Benefits
Although not a material consideration when determining whether to recommend that a client utilize
the services of a particular broker-dealer/custodian, Registrant can receive from Schwab and/or
Fidelity (or another broker-dealer/custodian, investment manager, platform or fund sponsor, or
vendor) without cost (and/or at a discount) support services and/or products, certain of which assist
Registrant to better monitor and service client accounts maintained at such institutions. Included
within the support services that may be obtained by Registrant can be investment-related research,
pricing information and market data, software and other technology that provide access to client
account data, compliance and/or practice management-related publications, discounted or gratis
consulting services, discounted and/or gratis attendance at conferences, meetings, and other
educational and/or social events, marketing support-including client events, computer hardware
and/or software and/or other products used by Registrant in furtherance of its investment advisory
business operations.
Certain of the above support services and/or products assist Registrant in managing and
administering client accounts. Others do not directly provide such assistance, but rather assist
Registrant to manage and further develop its business enterprise.
Registrant’s clients do not pay more for investment transactions effected and/or assets maintained
at Schwab or Fidelity as a result of this arrangement. There is no corresponding commitment made
by Registrant to Schwab or Fidelity, or any other any entity, to invest any specific amount or
percentage of client assets in any specific mutual funds, securities or other investment products as
result of the above arrangement.
The Registrant’s Chief Compliance Officer, Jason P. Good, remains available to address any
questions that a client or prospective client may have regarding the above arrangement and
any corresponding perceived conflict of interest such arrangement may create.
The Registrant does not receive referrals from broker-dealers.
The Registrant does not generally accept directed brokerage arrangements (when a client requires
that account transactions be effected through a specific broker-dealer). In such client directed
arrangements, the client will negotiate terms and arrangements for their account with that broker-
dealer, and Registrant will not seek better execution services or prices from other broker-dealers or
be able to “batch” the client's transactions for execution through other broker-dealers with orders
for other accounts managed by Registrant. As a result, client may pay higher commissions or other
transaction costs or greater spreads, or receive less favorable net prices, on transactions for the
account than would otherwise be the case.
Please Note: In the event that the client directs Registrant to effect securities transactions for the
client's accounts through a specific broker-dealer, the client correspondingly acknowledges that
such direction may cause the accounts to incur higher commissions or transaction costs than the
accounts would otherwise incur had the client determined to effect account transactions through
alternative clearing arrangements that may be available through Registrant. Higher transaction
costs adversely impact account performance. Please Also Note: Transactions for directed accounts
will generally be executed following the execution of portfolio transactions for non-directed
accounts.
The Registrant’s Chief Compliance Officer, Jason P. Good, remains available to address any
questions that a client or prospective client may have regarding the above arrangement
To the extent that the Registrant provides investment management services to its clients, the
transactions for each client account generally will be effected independently, unless the Registrant
decides to purchase or sell the same securities for several clients at approximately the same time.
The Registrant may (but is not obligated to) combine or “bunch” such orders to obtain best
execution, to negotiate more favorable commission rates or to allocate equitably among the
Registrant’s clients differences in prices and commissions or other transaction costs that might
have been obtained had such orders been placed independently. Under this procedure, transactions
will be averaged as to price and will be allocated among clients in proportion to the purchase and
sale orders placed for each client account on any given day. The Registrant shall not receive any
additional compensation or remuneration as a result of such aggregation.
Item 13
Review of Accounts
For those clients to whom Registrant provides investment supervisory services, account reviews
are conducted on an ongoing basis by the Registrant's Principals and/or Associated Persons. All
investment supervisory clients are advised that it remains their responsibility to advise the
Registrant of any changes in their investment objectives and/or financial situation. All clients (in
person or via telephone) are encouraged to review financial planning issues (to the extent
applicable), investment objectives and account performance with the Registrant on an annual basis.
The Registrant may conduct account reviews on an other than periodic basis upon the occurrence
of a triggering event, such as a change in client investment objectives and/or financial situation,
market corrections and client request.
Clients are provided with transaction confirmation notices and regular summary account statements
directly from the broker-dealer/custodian for the client accounts and/or applicable mutual fund
companies or partnerships. Those clients to whom Registrant provides investment advisory services
will also receive a quarterly report from the Registrant summarizing account activity and
performance.
Item 14
Client Referrals and Other Compensation
As referenced above, the Registrant may receive an economic benefit from Fidelity or Schwab. The
Registrant, without cost (and/or at a discount), may receive support services and/or products from
Fidelity or Schwab.
Registrant’s clients do not pay more for investment transactions effected and/or assets maintained
at Fidelity or Schwab as result of this arrangement. There is no corresponding commitment made
by the Registrant to Fidelity or Schwab or any other any entity to invest any specific amount or
percentage of client assets in any specific mutual funds, securities or other investment products as
result of the above arrangement.
The Registrant’s Chief Compliance Officer, Jason P. Good, remains available to address any
questions that a client or prospective client may have regarding the above arrangement and
any corresponding perceived conflict of interest any such arrangement may create.
The Registrant does not compensate individuals or entities for prospective client introductions.
Item 15
Custody
The Registrant shall have the ability to have its advisory fee for each client debited by the custodian.
Clients are provided with transaction confirmation notices and regular summary account statements
directly from the broker-dealer/custodian for the client accounts and/or applicable mutual fund
companies or partnerships. Those clients to whom Registrant provides investment advisory services
will also receive a quarterly report from the Registrant summarizing account activity and
performance.
Please Note: To the extent that the Registrant provides clients with recent account statements or
reports, the client is urged to compare any statement or report provided by the Registrant with the
account statements received from the account custodian. Please Also Note: The account custodian
does not verify the accuracy of the Registrant’s advisory fee calculation.
In addition, certain clients have established asset transfer authorizations that permit the qualified
custodian to rely upon instructions from Registrant to transfer client funds or securities to third
parties. These arrangements are disclosed at Item 9 of Part 1 of Form ADV. However, in accordance
with the guidance provided in the SEC’s February 21, 2017 Investment Adviser Association No-
Action Letter, the affected accounts are not subject to an annual surprise CPA examination. ANY
QUESTIONS: Registrant’s Chief Compliance Officer, Jason P. Good, remains available to
address any questions that a client or prospective client may have regarding custody-related
issues.
Item 16
Investment Discretion
The client can determine to engage the Registrant to provide investment advisory services on a
discretionary basis. Prior to the Registrant assuming discretionary authority over a client’s account,
client shall be required to execute Investment Advisory Agreement, naming the Registrant as client’s
attorney and agent in fact, granting the Registrant full authority to buy, sell, or otherwise effect
investment transactions involving the assets in the client’s name.
Clients who engage the Registrant on a discretionary basis may, at any time, impose restrictions,
in writing, on the Registrant’s discretionary authority (i.e. limit the types/amounts of particular
securities purchased for their account, exclude the ability to purchase securities with an inverse
relationship to the market, limit or proscribe the Registrant’s use of margin, etc.).
Item 17
Voting Client Securities
The Registrant does not vote client proxies. Clients maintain exclusive responsibility for: (1)
directing the manner in which proxies solicited by issuers of securities beneficially owned by the
client shall be voted, and (2) making all elections relative to any mergers, acquisitions, tender
offers, bankruptcy proceedings or other type events pertaining to the client’s investment assets.
Clients will receive their proxies or other solicitations directly from their custodian. Clients may
contact the Registrant to discuss any questions they may have with a particular solicitation.
Item 18
Financial Information
The Registrant does not solicit fees of more than $1,200, per client, six months or more in advance.
The Registrant is unaware of any financial condition that is reasonably likely to impair its ability
to meet its contractual commitments relating to its discretionary authority over certain client
accounts.
The Registrant has not been the subject of a bankruptcy petition.
ANY QUESTIONS: The Registrant’s Chief Compliance Officer, Jason P. Good, remains
available to address any questions that a client or prospective client may have regarding the
above disclosures and arrangements.