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Financial Institution Services, LLC
2975 The Peaks Lane
Las Vegas, NV 89138
Telephone: 248-661-8190
Facsimile: 248-639-7645
February 12, 2026
http://www.adviceman.net/
FORM ADV PART 2A
BROCHURE
This brochure provides information about the qualifications and business practices of Financial
Institution Services, LLC. If you have any questions about the contents of this brochure, contact us at
248-661-8190. The information in this brochure has not been approved or verified by the United States
Securities and Exchange Commission or by any state securities authority.
Additional information about Financial Institution Services, LLC is available on the SEC's website at
www.adviserinfo.sec.gov. The searchable IARD/CRD number for Financial Institution Services, LLC is
145269.
Financial Institution Services, LLC is a registered investment adviser. Registration with the United
States Securities and Exchange Commission or any state securities authority does not imply a certain
level of skill or training.
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Item 2 Material Changes
Form ADV Part 2 requires registered investment advisers to amend their brochure when information
becomes materially inaccurate. If there are any material changes to an adviser's disclosure brochure,
the adviser is required to notify you and provide you with a description of the material changes.
Since our last annual updating amendment dated February 24, 2025, we have no material changes to
report.
Our brochure may be requested by contacting David Shink, President & Chief Compliance Officer, at
248-661-8190. Additional information about Financial Institution Services, LLC is available by
accessing the SEC's web site at www.adviserinfo.sec.gov. The SEC's web site also provides
information about any persons affiliated with Financial Institution Services, LLC who are registered, or
are required to be registered, as investment adviser representatives of the firm.
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Item 3 Table Of Contents
Item 1 Cover Page
Item 2 Material Changes
Item 3 Table Of Contents
Item 4 Advisory Business
Item 5 Fees and Compensation
Item 6 Performance-Based Fees and Side-By-Side Management
Item 7 Types of Clients
Item 8 Methods of Analysis, Investment Strategies and Risk of Loss
Item 9 Disciplinary Information
Item 10 Other Financial Industry Activities and Affiliations
Item 11 Code of Ethics, Participation or Interest in Client Transactions and Personal Trading
Item 12 Brokerage Practices
Item 13 Review of Accounts
Item 14 Client Referrals and Other Compensation
Item 15 Custody
Item 16 Investment Discretion
Item 17 Voting Client Securities
Item 18 Financial Information
Item 19 Requirements for State-Registered Advisers
Item 20 Additional Information
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Item 4 Advisory Business
Description of Firm
Financial Institution Services, LLC is a registered investment adviser based in Las Vegas, Nevada. We
are organized as a limited liability company ("LLC") under the laws of the State of Michigan. We have
been providing investment advisory services since December 11, 2007. We are owned by David Shink.
The following paragraphs describe our services and fees. Refer to the description of each investment
advisory service listed below for information on how we tailor our advisory services to your individual
needs. As used in this brochure, the words "we," "our," and "us" refer to Financial Institution Services,
LLC and the words "you," "your," and "client" refer to you as either a client or prospective client of our
firm.
Asset Management Services
We offer discretionary, and in some cases non-discretionary, asset management services that are
tailored to meet our clients' needs and investment objectives. If you retain our firm for
asset management services, we will meet with you to determine your investment objectives, risk
tolerance, and other relevant information at the beginning of our advisory relationship. We will use the
information we gather to develop a strategy that enables our firm to give you focused investment
advice and/or to make investments on your behalf. As part of our portfolio management services, we
will develop an asset allocation strategy consistent with your investment objectives, financial and tax
status, risk tolerance and time horizon. Your assets will then be invested in a portfolio which may
include mutual funds, individual equities, bonds, warrants, exchange traded funds ("ETFs"), or other
appropriate securities products.
If you enter into non-discretionary arrangements with our firm, we must obtain your approval prior to
executing any transactions on behalf of your account. You have an unrestricted right to decline to
implement any advice provided by our firm on a non-discretionary basis.
Each asset allocation strategy shall consist of a mix of fixed income and equity investments. The fixed
income allocation may include one or more of the following: (a) cash; (b) money market funds; (c) U.S.
government securities; (d) foreign government bonds; (e) U.S. corporate debt; (f) foreign corporate
debt; (g) municipal securities; (h) fixed income mutual funds; and (i) any other appropriate fixed income
investment. The equity portion of the allocation may include one or more of the following: (a) individual
stocks which are exchange listed; (b) individual stocks which are traded over the counter; (c) individual
stocks issued by foreign corporations; (d) equity mutual funds; (e) interests in direct participation
programs; (f) ETFs and (g) any other appropriate equity investment. You may impose restrictions on
investing in certain securities or types of securities.
You may limit our discretionary authority (for example, limiting the types of securities that can be
purchased or sold for your account) by providing our firm with your restrictions and guidelines in
writing.
Once the asset allocation strategy is determined, your existing assets may be liquidated (or transferred
into the appropriate account) and invested into the appropriate investment vehicles. Reallocation of
assets may trigger taxable events except where Individual Retirement Accounts, 401(k) Accounts,
403(b) Accounts, or other qualified retirement plans, or accounts are involved.
In order to provide discretionary portfolio management services, we require you to grant us
discretionary authority to manage your account. Subject to a grant of discretionary authorization, we
have the authority and responsibility to formulate investment strategies on your behalf. Discretionary
authorization will allow us to determine the specific securities, and the amount of securities, to be
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purchased or sold for your account without obtaining your approval prior to each transaction.
Discretionary authority is typically granted by the investment advisory agreement you sign with our
firm, a power of attorney, or trading authorization forms.
Rollover Recommendations
Effective December 20, 2021 (or such later date as the US Department of Labor ("DOL") Field
Assistance Bulletin 2018-02 ceases to be in effect), for purposes of complying with the DOL's
Prohibited Transaction Exemption 2020-02 ("PTE 2020-02") where applicable, we are providing the
following acknowledgment to you. When we provide investment advice to you regarding your
retirement plan account or individual retirement account, we are fiduciaries within the meaning of Title I
of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act and/or the Internal Revenue Code, as applicable,
which are laws governing retirement accounts. The way we make money creates some conflicts with
your interests, so we operate under a special rule that requires us to act in your best interest and not
put our interest ahead of yours. Under this special rule's provisions, we must:
• Meet a professional standard of care when making investment recommendations (give prudent
advice);
• Never put our financial interests ahead of yours when making recommendations (give loyal
advice);
• Avoid misleading statements about conflicts of interest, fees, and investments;
• Follow policies and procedures designed to ensure that we give advice that is in your best
interest;
• Charge no more than is reasonable for our services; and
• Give you basic information about conflicts of interest.
We benefit financially from the rollover of your assets from a retirement account to an account that we
manage or provide investment advice, because the assets increase our assets under management
and, in turn, our advisory fees. As a fiduciary, we only recommend a rollover when we believe it is in
your best interest.
Wrap Fee Programs
We do not participate in any wrap fee program.
Types of Investments
We offer advice on all the securities discussed above in our Asset Management Services. Additionally,
we may advise you on various types of investments based on your stated goals and objectives. We
may also provide advice on any type of investment held in your portfolio at the inception of our
advisory relationship.
Assets Under Management
As of December 31, 2025, we provide regular and continuous management services
for $258,694,487 in client assets on a discretionary basis.
Item 5 Fees and Compensation
Asset Management Services
Our fee for portfolio management services is based on a percentage of the assets in your account and
is set forth in the following annual, linear fee schedule:
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Annual Fee Schedule
Assets Under Management Annual Fee
$0 - $500,000
$500,001 - $1,000,000
$1,000,001 - $1,500,000
$1,500,001 - $2,000,000
Over $2,000,000
1.00%
0.85%
0.75%
0.65%
0.50%
Our annual portfolio management fee is billed and payable, quarterly in arrears, based on the balance
at the end of billing period. The maximum annual fee for participation in the asset management
services program is 1.00%. Fees are generally not negotiable, but may be negotiated in some limited
circumstances, at our sole discretion. In some cases, clients may be subject to a different, lower fee
schedule in effect at the time of their initial engagement with our firm.
If the portfolio management agreement is executed at any time other than the first day of a calendar
quarter, our fees will apply on a pro rata basis, which means that the advisory fee is payable in
proportion to the number of days in the quarter for which you are a client.
At our discretion, we may combine the account values of family members living in the same household
to determine the applicable advisory fee. For example, we may combine account values for you and
your minor children, joint accounts with your spouse, and other types of related accounts. Combining
account values may increase the asset total, which may result in your paying a reduced advisory fee
based on the available breakpoints in our fee schedule stated above. Illiquid assets (e.g. partnerships,
illiquid REITs, savings accounts, CD's) are not included in the calculation of assets under management
and advisory fees.
Advisory fees are deducted from your account when due. We will liquidate money market shares to
pay the fees and, if insufficient money market shares or cash are available, other investments will be
liquidated to pay the fees. The investment(s) to be liquidated will be selected at random. Authorization
for the automatic deduction of fees from your accounts is contained in the Investment Advisory
Agreement. As required by applicable regulations, deduction of management fees will be made by the
qualified custodian holding your funds and securities. Further, the qualified custodian agrees to deliver
a monthly or quarterly account statement directly to you showing all disbursements from the account.
You are encouraged to review all account statements for accuracy. We will receive a duplicate copy of
the statement that was delivered to you in order to form a reasonable belief that such statements were
delivered to you. You may terminate authorization for automatic fee deduction of advisory fees by
notifying us in writing.
You will have a period of five (5) business days from the date of signing the investment advisory
agreement to unconditionally rescind the agreement and receive a full refund of all fees. Thereafter,
either party may terminate the investment advisory agreement with 5 days written notice. Since fees
are payable after services are provided, there are no unearned fees and you are not due a refund upon
early terminate of an investment advisory contract. However, the Advisor's fees are prorated to the
date of termination.
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Additional Fees and Expenses
As part of our investment advisory services to you, we may invest, or recommend that you invest, in
mutual funds and exchange traded funds. The fees that you pay to our firm for investment advisory
services are separate and distinct from the fees and expenses charged by mutual funds or exchange
traded funds (described in each fund's prospectus) to their shareholders. These fees will generally
include a management fee and other fund expenses. You may also incur transaction charges and/or
brokerage fees when purchasing or selling securities. These charges and fees are typically imposed by
the broker-dealer or custodian through whom your account transactions are executed. We do not
share in any portion of the brokerage fees/transaction charges imposed by the broker-dealer or
custodian. The fees charged to clients for each program are calculated as described in the above
program specific descriptions. Lower fees for comparable services may be available from other
sources. To fully understand the total cost you will incur, you should review all the fees charged by
mutual funds, exchange traded funds, our firm, and others. For information on our brokerage practices,
refer to the Brokerage Practices section of this brochure.
Persons providing investment advice on behalf of our firm were previously licensed as independent
insurance agents. These persons will earn commission-based compensation in the form of trail
commissions, for insurance products sold previously, including insurance products they may have sold
to you. Trail insurance commissions earned by these persons are separate and in addition to our
advisory fees. This practice presents a conflict of interest because persons providing investment
advice on behalf of our firm who are insurance agents have an incentive to maintain insurance
products previously sold to you for the purpose of generating trail commissions rather than solely
based on your needs. You are under no obligation, contractually or otherwise, to hold insurance
products through any person affiliated with our firm.
Item 6 Performance-Based Fees and Side-By-Side Management
We do not charge any performance-based fees (fees based on a share of capital gains on or capital
appreciation of your assets).
Item 7 Types of Clients
We offer investment advisory services to individuals, including high net worth individuals, trusts,
estates, charitable organizations, and corporations or business entities.
In general, we do not require a minimum dollar amount to open and maintain an advisory account;
however, we have the right to terminate your account if it falls below a minimum size which, in our sole
opinion, is too small to manage effectively.
Item 8 Methods of Analysis, Investment Strategies and Risk of Loss
Our Methods of Analysis and Investment Strategies
We may use one or more of the following methods of analysis or investment strategies when providing
investment advice to you:
Fundamental Analysis - involves analyzing individual companies and their industry groups, such as a
company's financial statements, details regarding the company's product line, the experience and
expertise of the company's management, and the outlook for the company and its industry. The
resulting data is used to measure the true value of the company's stock compared to the current
market value.
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Risk: The risk of fundamental analysis is that information obtained may be incorrect and the analysis
may not provide an accurate estimate of earnings, which may be the basis for a stock's value. If
securities prices adjust rapidly to new information, utilizing fundamental analysis may not result in
favorable performance.
Cyclical Analysis - a type of technical analysis that involves evaluating recurring price patterns and
trends. Economic/business cycles may not be predictable and may have many fluctuations between
long-term expansions and contractions.
Risk: The lengths of economic cycles may be difficult to predict with accuracy and therefore the risk of
cyclical analysis is the difficulty in predicting economic trends and consequently the changing value of
securities that would be affected by these changing trends.
Long-Term Purchases - securities purchased with the expectation that the value of those securities will
grow over a relatively long period of time, generally greater than one year.
Risk: Using a long-term purchase strategy generally assumes the financial markets will go up in the
long-term which may not be the case. There is also the risk that the segment of the market that you are
invested in or perhaps just your particular investment will go down over time even if the overall
financial markets advance. Purchasing investments long-term may create an opportunity cost -
"locking-up" assets that may be better utilized in the short-term in other investments.
Short-Term Purchases - securities purchased with the expectation that they will be sold within a
relatively short period of time, generally less than one year, to take advantage of the securities' short-
term price fluctuations.
Risk: Using a short-term purchase strategy generally assumes that we can predict how financial
markets will perform in the short-term which may be very difficult and will incur a disproportionately
higher amount of transaction costs compared to long-term trading. There are many factors that can
affect financial market performance in the short-term (such as short-term interest rate changes, cyclical
earnings announcements, etc.) but may have a smaller impact over longer periods of times.
Buy and Hold - (passive management) - A long term investment strategy based on the view that in the
long run financial markets give a good rate of return despite periods of volatility or decline. This
viewpoint also holds that short term market timing, i.e. the concept that one can enter the market on
the lows and sell on the highs, does not work so it is better to simply buy and hold.
Strategic Asset Allocation - A strategy that involves the establishment of a long-term target allocation in
major asset classes such as stocks, bonds, and cash based on portfolio objective, risk tolerance, and
time horizon.
The strategies described above may utilize a combination of long term purchases (securities held at
least a year) and short term purchases (securities sold within a year). Frequent trading in your account
can affect investment performance, particularly through increased brokerage and other transaction
costs and taxes.
Investment strategies and recommendations may be based upon consideration of any of the following:
• Diversification - for the purpose of balancing risk while maintaining the possibility of gain; or,
• Risk Factors - including the risk of capital loss (market risk) and the risk of loss of purchasing
power (inflation risk), and the your understanding of, and financial ability to bear, such risks; or,
• Asset Balance - taking into consideration short and long-term liquidity needs, blending of lesser
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and greater risk approaches, and combining income, growth, and safety concepts; or,
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• Discipline - emphasizing commitment and follow through over a reasonable period of time in
order to permit the investment plan or recommendations to achieve the intended/pursued
result; or,
Income Tax Considerations, but these should not replace the economic benefits as the principal
determinant of investment decisions.
Our investment strategies and advice may vary depending upon each client's specific financial
situation. As such, we determine investments and allocations based upon your predefined objectives,
risk tolerance, time horizon, financial information, liquidity needs and other various suitability factors.
Your restrictions and guidelines may affect the composition of your portfolio. It is important that you
notify us immediately with respect to any material changes to your financial circumstances,
including for example, a change in your current or expected income level, tax circumstances, or
employment status.
Tax Considerations
Our strategies and investments may have unique and significant tax implications. However, unless we
specifically agree otherwise, and in writing, tax efficiency is not our primary consideration in the
management of your assets. Regardless of your account size or any other factors, we strongly
recommend that you consult with a tax professional regarding the investing of your assets.
Moreover, custodians and broker-dealers must report the cost basis of equities acquired in client
accounts on or after January 1, 2011. Your custodian will default to the First-In First-Out ("FIFO")
accounting method for calculating the cost basis of your investments. You are responsible for
contacting your tax advisor to determine if this accounting method is the right choice for you. If your tax
advisor believes another accounting method is more advantageous, provide written notice to our firm
immediately and we will alert your account custodian of your individually selected accounting method.
Decisions about cost basis accounting methods will need to be made before trades settle, as the cost
basis method cannot be changed after settlement.
Risk of Loss
Investing in securities involves risk of loss that you should be prepared to bear. We do not represent or
guarantee that our services or methods of analysis can or will predict future results, successfully
identify market tops or bottoms, or insulate clients from losses due to market corrections or declines.
We cannot offer any guarantees or promises that your financial goals and objectives will be met. Past
performance is in no way an indication of future performance.
Securities and other types of investments all bear different types and levels of risk. Those risks are
typically discussed with you in defining the investment policies and objectives that will guide
investment decisions for your accounts. You must realize that obtaining higher rates of return on
investments entails accepting higher levels of risk. Based upon discussions with you, we will attempt to
identify the balance of risks and rewards that is appropriate and comfortable for you. It is still your
responsibility to ask questions if you do not fully understand the risks associated with any investment.
You are strongly encouraged to read prospectuses, when applicable, and ask questions prior to
investing.
Risks associated with the strategies described below may include:
• Capital risk - The risk that your investments may lose value.
• Currency risk - If the assets you invest in are held in another currency there is a risk that
currency movements alone may affect the value.
• Financial risk - The risk that there may be a disruption in the internal financial affairs of the
investment, thereby causing a loss of value.
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• Market risk - The risk that the value of a security or portfolio will decrease due to the change in
value of the overall market.
• Credit risk - The risk of loss arising from a borrower who does not make payments as promised.
Interest rate risk - The risk that an interest-bearing asset, such as a bond, will lose value due to
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variability of interest rates. In general, as rates rise, the price of a fixed rate bond will fall, and
vice versa.
Recommendation of Particular Types of Securities
We recommend various types of securities and we do not primarily recommend one particular type of
security over another since each client has different needs and different tolerance for risk. Each type of
security has its own unique set of risks associated with it and it would not be possible to list here all of
the specific risks of every type of investment. Even within the same type of investment, risks can vary
widely. However, in very general terms, the higher the anticipated return of an investment, the higher
the risk of loss associated with the investment. A description of the types of securities we may
recommend to you and some of their inherent risks are provided below.
Money Market Funds: A money market fund is technically a security. The fund managers attempt to
keep the share price constant at $1/share. However, there is no guarantee that the share price will stay
at $1/share. If the share price goes down, you can lose some, or all, of your principal. The U.S.
Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") notes that "While investor losses in money market
funds have been rare, they are possible." In return for this risk, you should earn a greater return on
your cash than you would expect from a Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation ("FDIC") insured
savings account (money market funds are not FDIC insured). Next, money market fund rates are
variable. In other words, you do not know how much you will earn on your investment next month. The
rate could go up or go down. If it goes up, that may result in a positive outcome. However, if it goes
down and you earn less than you expected to earn, you may end up needing more cash. A final risk
you are taking with money market funds has to do with inflation. Because money market funds are
considered to be safer than other investments like stocks, long-term average returns on money market
funds tends to be less than long term average returns on riskier investments. Over long periods of
time, inflation can eat away at your returns.
Municipal Securities: Municipal securities, while generally thought of as safe, can have significant risks
associated with them including, but not limited to: the credit worthiness of the governmental entity that
issues the bond; the stability of the revenue stream that is used to pay the interest to the bondholders;
when the bond is due to mature; and, whether or not the bond can be "called" prior to maturity. When a
bond is called, it may not be possible to replace it with a bond of equal character paying the same
amount of interest or yield to maturity.
Bonds: Corporate debt securities (or "bonds") are typically safer investments than equity securities, but
their risk can also vary widely based on: the financial health of the issuer; the risk that the issuer might
default; when the bond is set to mature; and, whether or not the bond can be "called" prior to maturity.
When a bond is called, it may not be possible to replace it with a bond of equal character paying the
same rate of return.
Stocks: There are numerous ways of measuring the risk of equity securities (also known simply as
"equities" or "stock"). In very broad terms, the value of a stock depends on the financial health of the
company issuing it. However, stock prices can be affected by many other factors including, but not
limited to the class of stock (for example, preferred or common); the health of the market sector of the
issuing company; and, the overall health of the economy. In general, larger, better established
companies ("large cap") tend to be safer than smaller start-up companies ("small cap") are but the
mere size of an issuer is not, by itself, an indicator of the safety of the investment.
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Mutual Funds and Exchange Traded Funds: Mutual funds and exchange traded funds ("ETF") are
professionally managed collective investment systems that pool money from many investors and invest
in stocks, bonds, short-term money market instruments, other mutual funds, other securities, or any
combination thereof. The fund will have a manager that trades the fund's investments in accordance
with the fund's investment objective. While mutual funds and ETFs generally provide diversification,
risks can be significantly increased if the fund is concentrated in a particular sector of the market,
primarily invests in small cap or speculative companies, uses leverage (i.e., borrows money) to a
significant degree, or concentrates in a particular type of security (i.e., equities) rather than balancing
the fund with different types of securities. ETFs differ from mutual funds since they can be bought and
sold throughout the day like stock and their price can fluctuate throughout the day. The returns on
mutual funds and ETFs can be reduced by the costs to manage the funds. Also, while some mutual
funds are "no load" and charge no fee to buy into, or sell out of, the fund, other types of mutual funds
do charge such fees which can also reduce returns. Mutual funds can also be "closed end" or "open
end". So-called "open end" mutual funds continue to allow in new investors indefinitely whereas
"closed end" funds have a fixed number of shares to sell which can limit their availability to new
investors.
ETFs may have tracking error risks. For example, the ETF investment adviser may not be able to
cause the ETF's performance to match that of the its Underlying Index or other benchmark, which may
negatively affect the ETF's performance. In addition, for leveraged and inverse ETFs that seek to track
the performance of their Underlying Indices or benchmarks on a daily basis, mathematical
compounding may prevent the ETF from correlating with performance of its benchmark. In addition, an
ETF may not have investment exposure to all of the securities included in its Underlying Index, or its
weighting of investment exposure to such securities may vary from that of the Underlying Index. Some
ETFs may invest in securities or financial instruments that are not included in the Underlying Index, but
which are expected to yield similar performance.
Limited Partnerships: A limited partnership is a financial affiliation that includes at least one general
partner and a number of limited partners. The partnership invests in a venture, such as real estate
development or oil exploration, for financial gain. The general partner does not usually invest any
capital, but has management authority and unlimited liability. That is, the general partner runs the
business and, in the event of bankruptcy, is responsible for all debts not paid or discharged. The
limited partners have no management authority and confine their participation to their capital
investment. That is, limited partners invest a certain amount of money and have nothing else to do with
the business. However, their liability is limited to the amount of the investment. In the worst-case
scenario for a limited partner, he/she loses what he/she invested. Profits are divided between general
and limited partners according to an arrangement formed at the creation of the partnership.
Warrants: A warrant is a derivative (security that derives its price from one or more underlying
assets) that confers the right, but not the obligation, to buy or sell a security - normally an equity - at a
certain price before expiration. The price at which the underlying security can be bought or sold is
referred to as the exercise price or strike price. Warrants that confer the right to buy a security are
known as call warrants; those that confer the right to sell are known as put warrants. Warrants are in
many ways similar to options. The main difference between warrants and options is that warrants are
issued and guaranteed by the issuing company, whereas options are traded on an exchange and are
not issued by the company. Also, the lifetime of a warrant is often measured in years, while the lifetime
of a typical option is measured in months. Warrants do not pay dividends or come with voting rights.
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Item 9 Disciplinary Information
We are required to disclose the facts of any legal or disciplinary events that are material to a client's
evaluation of our advisory business or the integrity of our management. We do not have any required
disclosures under this item. Neither the firm nor anyone associated with the firm has been subject to i)
a criminal or civil action in a domestic, foreign or military court; or ii) an administrative proceeding
before the SEC, any other federal regulatory agency, any state regulatory agency, or any foreign
financial regulatory authority in which the firm or any management person was found to have caused
an investment-related business to lose its authorization to do business or was found to have been
involved in a violation of an investment-related statute or regulation.
Item 10 Other Financial Industry Activities and Affiliations
Persons providing investment advice on behalf of our firm were formerly licensed as insurance
agents. As such, they may earn trail commissions for insurance products sold previously. Insurance
commissions earned by these persons are separate from our advisory fees. This presents a conflict of
interest because they have an incentive to maintain insurance products previously sold to you for the
purpose of generating commissions rather than solely based on your needs. See the Fees and
Compensation section in this brochure for more information on the compensation received by former
insurance agents who are affiliated with our firm.
We have not provided information on other financial industry activities and affiliations because we do
not have any relationship or arrangement that is material to our advisory business or to our clients with
any of the types of entities listed below.
1. broker-dealer, municipal securities dealer, or government securities dealer or broker
2. investment company or other pooled investment vehicle (including a mutual fund, closed-end
investment company, unit investment trust, private investment company or "hedge fund," and
offshore fund)
3. other investment adviser or financial planner
4. futures commission merchant, commodity pool operator, or commodity trading advisor
5. banking or thrift institution
6. accountant or accounting firm
7. lawyer or law firm
8. insurance company or agency
9. pension consultant
10.real estate broker or dealer
11.sponsor or syndicator of limited partnerships
Item 11 Code of Ethics, Participation or Interest in Client Transactions and
Personal Trading
Description of Our Code of Ethics
We strive to comply with applicable laws and regulations governing our practices. Therefore, our Code
of Ethics includes guidelines for professional standards of conduct for persons associated with our
firm. Our goal is to protect your interests at all times and to demonstrate our commitment to our
fiduciary duties of honesty, good faith, and fair dealing with you. All persons associated with our firm
are expected to adhere strictly to these guidelines. Persons associated with our firm are also required
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to report any violations of our Code of Ethics. Additionally, we maintain and enforce written policies
reasonably designed to prevent the misuse or dissemination of material, non-public information about
you or your account holdings by persons associated with our firm.
Clients or prospective clients may obtain a copy of our Code of Ethics by contacting us at the
telephone number on the cover page of this brochure.
Participation or Interest in Client Transactions
Neither our firm nor any persons associated with our firm has any material financial interest in client
transactions beyond the provision of investment advisory services as disclosed in this brochure.
Personal Trading Practices
Our firm or persons associated with our firm may buy or sell the same securities that we recommend to
you or securities in which you are already invested. A conflict of interest exists in such cases because
we have the ability to trade ahead of you and potentially receive more favorable prices than you will
receive. To mitigate this conflict of interest, it is our policy that neither our firm nor persons associated
with our firm shall have priority over your account in the purchase or sale of securities.
Block Trading
We do not combine or block personal securities transactions with those of advisory clients.
Item 12 Brokerage Practices
We recommend the brokerage and custodial services of Fidelity Brokerage Services, LLC for our
advisory services, or another qualified custodian if required for client's accounts (whether one or more
"Custodian"). We believe that the recommended Custodian provides quality execution services for you
at competitive prices. Price is not the sole factor we consider in evaluating best execution. We also
consider the quality of the brokerage services provided by the Custodian, including the value of the
Custodian's reputation, execution capabilities, commission rates, and responsiveness to our clients
and our firm. In recognition of the value of the services the Custodian provides, you may pay higher
commissions and/or trading costs than those that may be available elsewhere.
Research and Other Soft Dollar Benefits
We do not have any soft dollar arrangements.
Economic Benefits
As a registered investment adviser, we have access to the institutional platform of your account
custodian. As such, we will also have access to research products and services from your account
custodian and/or other brokerage firm. These products may include financial publications, information
about particular companies and industries, research software, and other products or services that
provide lawful and appropriate assistance to our firm in the performance of our investment decision-
making responsibilities. Such research products and services are provided to all investment advisers
that utilize the institutional services platforms of these firms, and are not considered to be paid for with
soft dollars. However, you should be aware that the commissions charged by a particular broker for a
particular transaction or set of transactions may be greater than the amounts another broker who did
not provide research services or products might charge.
Your investment adviser representative may receive non-cash compensation in the form of due
diligence trips or marketing support from product sponsors. Non-cash compensation will not be based
on the number or amount of sales, client referrals, or new accounts. This presents a conflict of interest
and gives your investment adviser representative an incentive to recommend investment products
based on the non-cash compensation received, rather than on your needs
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Brokerage for Client Referrals
We do not receive client referrals from broker-dealers in exchange for cash or other compensation,
such as brokerage services or research.
Directed Brokerage
Although, you are not required to select one of the recommended clearing broker-dealers for execution
and custodial services, we will be unable to allow you to participate in our investment advisory services
if you select another broker-dealer. Not all advisory firms require their clients to direct brokerage to a
specified broker-dealer. We do not have discretion to select the broker-dealer to use for transactions or
to negotiate transaction costs. As such, we may be unable to achieve the most favorable execution of
your transactions and you may pay higher brokerage commissions than you might otherwise pay
through another broker-dealer that offers the same types of services.
Block Trades
We may combine multiple orders for shares of the same securities purchased for discretionary
advisory accounts we manage (this practice is commonly referred to as "block trading"). We will then
distribute a portion of the shares to participating accounts in a fair and equitable manner. Generally,
participating accounts will pay a fixed transaction cost regardless of the number of shares transacted.
In certain cases, each participating account pays an average price per share for all transactions and
pays a proportionate share of all transaction costs on any given day. In the event an order is only
partially filled, the shares will be allocated to participating accounts in a fair and equitable manner,
typically in proportion to the size of each client's order. If transactions are not aggregated, this may
result in higher costs to you than if transactions are aggregated.
Item 13 Review of Accounts
David Shink, Managing Member, will monitor your accounts on a ongoing basis and will conduct
account reviews at least quarterly, to ensure the advisory services provided to you are consistent with
your investment needs and objectives. Additional reviews may be conducted based on various
circumstances, including, but not limited to: contributions and withdrawals, year-end tax
planning, market moving events, security specific events, and/or, changes in your risk/return
objectives.
We may provide you with performance reports in conjunction with account reviews. Reports we provide
to you will contain relevant account and/or market-related information such as an inventory of account
holdings and account performance, etc. We recommend that you compare our performance reports to
the statements you receive from the custodian. You will receive trade confirmations and monthly or
quarterly statements from your account custodian(s).
Item 14 Client Referrals and Other Compensation
As disclosed under the Fees and Compensation section in this brochure, persons providing investment
advice on behalf of our firm were formerly licensed as insurance agents. For information on the
conflicts of interest this presents, and how we address these conflicts, refer to the Fees and
Compensation section.
We do not receive any compensation from any third party in connection with providing investment
advice to you nor do we compensate any individual or firm for client referrals.
Refer to the Brokerage Practices section above for disclosures on research and other benefits we may
receive resulting from our relationship with your account custodian.
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Item 15 Custody
As paying agent for our firm, your independent custodian will directly debit your account(s) for the
payment of our advisory fees. This ability to deduct our advisory fees from your accounts causes our
firm to exercise limited custody over your funds or securities. We do not have physical custody of any
of your funds and/or securities. Your funds and securities will be held with a bank, broker-dealer, or
other qualified custodian. You will receive account statements from the qualified custodian(s) holding
your funds and securities at least quarterly. The account statements from your custodian(s) will
indicate the amount of our advisory fees deducted from your account(s) each billing period. You should
carefully review account statements for accuracy.
We will form a reasonable belief that such statements are delivered to you. You may terminate
authorization for automatic fee deduction of advisory fees by notifying us in writing.
Item 16 Investment Discretion
Before we can buy or sell securities on your behalf, you must first sign our discretionary management
agreement and the appropriate trading authorization forms.
You may grant our firm discretion over the selection and amount of securities to be purchased or sold
for your account(s) without obtaining your consent or approval prior to each transaction. You may
specify investment objectives, guidelines, and/or impose certain conditions or investment parameters
for your account(s). For example, you may specify that the investment in any particular stock or
industry should not exceed specified percentages of the value of the portfolio and/or restrictions or
prohibitions of transactions in the securities of a specific industry or security. Refer to the Advisory
Business section in this brochure for more information on our discretionary management services.
We will also offer non-discretionary asset management for certain qualified plan assets. If you enter
into non-discretionary arrangements with our firm, we will obtain your approval prior to the execution of
any transactions for your account(s). You have an unrestricted right to decline to implement any advice
provided by our firm on a non-discretionary basis.
Item 17 Voting Client Securities
We will not vote proxies on behalf of your advisory accounts. At your request, we may offer you advice
regarding corporate actions and the exercise of your proxy voting rights. If you own shares of
applicable securities, you are responsible for exercising your right to vote as a shareholder.
In most cases, you will receive proxy materials directly from the account custodian. However, in the
event we were to receive any written or electronic proxy materials, we would forward them directly to
you by mail, unless you have authorized our firm to contact you by electronic mail, in which case, we
would forward any electronic solicitations to vote proxies.
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Item 18 Financial Information
Our firm does not have any financial condition or impairment that would prevent us from meeting our
contractual commitments to you. We do not take physical custody of client funds or securities, or serve
as trustee or signatory for client accounts, and, we do not require the prepayment of more than $1,200
in fees six or more months in advance. Therefore, we are not required to include a financial statement
with this brochure.
We have not been the subject of a bankruptcy proceeding.
Item 19 Requirements for State-Registered Advisers
We are a federally registered investment adviser; therefore, we are not required to respond to this
item.
Item 20 Additional Information
Your Privacy
We view protecting your private information as a top priority. Pursuant to applicable privacy
requirements, we have instituted policies and procedures to ensure that we keep your personal
information private and secure.
We do not disclose any non-public personal information about you to any non-affiliated third parties,
except as permitted by law. In the course of servicing your account, we may share some information
with our service providers, such as transfer agents, custodians, broker-dealers, accountants,
consultants, and attorneys.
We restrict internal access to non-public personal information about you to employees, who need that
information in order to provide products or services to you. We maintain physical and procedural
safeguards that comply with regulatory standards to guard your non-public personal information and to
ensure our integrity and confidentiality. We will not sell information about you or your accounts to
anyone. We do not share your information unless it is required to process a transaction, at your
request, or required by law.
You will receive a copy of our privacy notice prior to or at the time you sign an advisory agreement with
our firm. Thereafter, we will deliver a copy of the current privacy policy notice to you on an annual
basis. Contact our main office at the telephone number on the cover page of this brochure if you have
any questions regarding this policy.
If you decide to close your account(s) we will adhere to our privacy policies, which may be amended
from time to time.
If we make any substantive changes in our privacy policy that would further permit or require
disclosures of your private information, we will provide written notice to you. Where the change is
based on permitted disclosures, you will be given an opportunity to direct us as to whether such
disclosure is acceptable. Where the change is based on required disclosures, you will only receive
written notice of the change. You may not opt out of the required disclosures.
If you have questions about our privacy policies contact our main office at the telephone number on the
cover page of this brochure and ask to speak to the Chief Compliance Officer.
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Trade Errors
In the event a trading error occurs in your account, our policy is to restore your account to the position
it should have been in had the trading error not occurred. Depending on the circumstances, corrective
actions may include canceling the trade, adjusting an allocation, and/or reimbursing the account.
Class Action Lawsuits
We do not determine if securities held by you are the subject of a class action lawsuit or whether you
are eligible to participate in class action settlements or litigation nor do we initiate or participate in
litigation to recover damages on your behalf for injuries as a result of actions, misconduct, or
negligence by issuers of securities held by you.
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