Overview
- Headquarters
- Plano, TX
- Total Firm Assets
- $386.7 billion
- Average High-Net-Worth Client Portfolio Size
- $2.2 million
- Minimum Account Size
- $10,000,000
Fee Structure
Primary Fee Schedule (INSTITUTIONAL)
| Min | Max | Marginal Fee Rate |
|---|---|---|
| $0 | $25,000,000 | 0.85% |
| $25,000,001 | $50,000,000 | 0.80% |
| $50,000,001 | $100,000,000 | 0.75% |
| $100,000,001 | $150,000,000 | 0.70% |
| $150,000,001 | and above | Negotiable |
Illustrative Fee Rates
| Total Assets | Annual Fees | Average Fee Rate |
|---|---|---|
| $1 million | Below minimum client size | |
| $5 million | Below minimum client size | |
| $10 million | $85,000 | 0.85% |
| $50 million | $412,500 | 0.82% |
| $100 million | $787,500 | 0.79% |
Clients
- High-Net-Worth Share of Firm Assets
- 73.19%
- Number of High-Net-Worth Clients
- 125,844
- Total Client Accounts
- 422,516
- Discretionary Accounts
- 422,516
Services Offered
Services: Financial Planning, Portfolio Management for Individuals, Portfolio Management for Companies, Portfolio Management for Pooled Investment Vehicles, Portfolio Management for Institutional Clients
Regulatory Filings
- SEC CRD Number
- 107342
Additional Brochure: CANADA PRIVATE CLIENT (2026-02-11)
View Document Text
Form ADV 2A
Brochure
6500 International Pkwy, Ste 2050
Plano, TX 75093
Phone: 800-851-8845 / 650-851-3334
Fax: 650-529-1436
www.fisherinvestments.com
February 11, 2026
This brochure provides information about the qualifications and business practices of Fisher Investments. If you have
any questions about the contents of this brochure, please contact us at 800-851-8845, or by email at pcg@fi.com. The
information in this brochure has not been approved or verified by the United States Securities and Exchange
Commission (“SEC”), or by any state securities authority.
Fisher Investments is registered with the SEC as an investment adviser. Being registered with the SEC or any other
regulatory authority does not imply Fisher Investments has a certain level of skill or training.
Additional information about Fisher Investments is available on the SEC’s website at www.adviserinfo.sec.gov.
| 1
Material Changes
This section provides a summary of material changes that were made to this brochure since the last annual update,
and is intended to help clients determine if they want to review this brochure in its entirety, or contact Fisher
Investments with questions about the changes.
No material changes since the last Form ADV update.
Information about Fisher Investments is also available on the SEC’s website at www.adviserinfo.sec.gov. To request a
copy of the most recent disclosure brochure, contact us at:
Fisher Investments
6500 International Pkwy, Ste 2050
Plano, TX 75093
Phone: 800-851-8845 / 650-851-3334
pcg@fi.com
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Form ADV Part 2A
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Table of Contents
Material Changes ............................................................................................................................................... 2
Advisory Business ............................................................................................................................................. 4
Fees and Compensation .................................................................................................................................... 5
Performance-Based Fees and Side-By-Side Management ....................................................................... 7
Types of Clients ................................................................................................................................................. 7
Methods of Analysis, Investment Strategies and Risk of Loss ................................................................ 8
Disciplinary Information .................................................................................................................................. 9
Other Financial Industry Activities and Affiliations .................................................................................. 9
Code of Ethics, Participation or Interest in Client Transactions and Personal Trading .................... 11
Brokerage Practices ......................................................................................................................................... 13
Review of Accounts ........................................................................................................................................ 16
Client Referrals and Other Compensation.................................................................................................. 17
Custody .............................................................................................................................................................. 17
Investment Discretion ..................................................................................................................................... 18
Voting Client Securities ................................................................................................................................. 18
Financial Information ...................................................................................................................................... 19
Additional Information: Fair Valuation ...................................................................................................... 19
Additional Information: Privacy ................................................................................................................... 19
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Advisory Business
Firm Description
Fisher Asset Management, LLC, doing business as Fisher Investments (“FI”), a privately held limited liability
company, is an investment adviser with primary offices in California, Florida, Texas and Washington. FI is registered
with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”); in Canada with the Alberta Securities Commission,
British Columbia Securities Commission, Manitoba Securities Commission, New Brunswick Securities
Commission, Newfoundland and Labrador Financial Services Regulation Division, Nova Scotia Securities
Commission, Ontario Securities Commission, Prince Edward Island Securities Office, Quebec Autorité des Marchés
Financiers, and Saskatchewan Financial Services Commission; and with the Netherlands Authority for the Financial
Markets. FI has a branch office registered with the Dubai International Financial Centre. Being registered with the
SEC or any other regulatory authority does not imply FI has a certain level of skill or training.
FI manages assets within different client groups: Institutional (including Personalized Retirement Outcomes); and
private client - including private clients in the US, UK, Canada, Europe, Saudi Arabia, Australia, New Zealand, and
Singapore. Collectively, these groups comprise a global client base of diverse investors including corporate, public
and multi-employer pension plans, foundations and endowments, insurance companies, healthcare organizations,
governments, investment companies and high-net-worth individuals. The firm offers a broad array of US, non-US,
and global equity and fixed income strategies with various capitalization and style orientations. Founded in 1979, all
strategies are supported by the firm’s global research platform developed over its 45+ year history. Investment
decisions are made by the firm’s five-member Investment Policy Committee (“IPC”). In the mid-1990s, FI began
offering separate portfolio management directly to high-net-worth individuals.
The bedrock of FI’s business is based on maintaining a culture of ethics and integrity with the highest possible
emphasis on clear and transparent communications with the investing public. Embedded within the firm’s culture is
its embrace of the fiduciary duty to put client interests first. FI fosters a culture that hires, trains, and rewards
employees in direct support of the values of openness, honesty, integrity, and trust.
A culture that fosters transparency is core to FI’s client service model. Every private client is assigned a dedicated
point of contact or team of service professionals who are available to answer questions in as much detail or as
frequently as the client would like. FI supplies clients with quarterly statements and written reviews from the
Investment Policy Committee. FI regularly creates written commentary and multimedia content with its Investment
Policy Committee detailing the firm’s market outlook, which expands on many of the themes in the quarterly reviews
and gives clients a chance to hear directly from portfolio decision-makers. For clients who are interested in greater
detail, FI offers a variety of additional market commentary through its website (fisherinvestments.com) and social
media channels.
For clients who would like to meet and hear from senior FI representatives directly, FI offers client seminars which
allow clients to review our market forecast and ask questions in an in-person presentation setting. FI also offers online
communication and education opportunities through Fisher Connect Webinars and Client Video Conferences.
Principal Owners
Fisher Investments, Inc. owns more than 75% of the voting interests in FI, with legal entities controlled by Advent
International and the Abu Dhabi Investment Authority, respectively, owning the rest. In addition, the CEO (as co-
trustee, with his spouse, of a family trust) holds non-voting interests. Ken Fisher owns more than 75% of the shares of
Fisher Investments, Inc.
Types of Advisory Services
FI provides investment management services for clients within the categories of equity, fixed income, and blended
accounts. All accounts have the goal of maximizing returns relative to risk compared to particular benchmarks.
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• Equity accounts seek to do this using primarily common stock and cash equivalents.
• Fixed income accounts use various fixed income instruments and cash.
• Blended accounts use primarily a combination of stock, fixed income instruments, and cash seeking to
maximize returns to risk.
FI manages money for clients in one of these three fashions based on individual discussions with each client about the
client’s overall financial goals. FI also may engage in various defensive strategies in each of these styles in an effort
to minimize losses or to seek investment returns. However, there are special risks involved with those defensive
strategies. Refer to the Methods of Analysis, Investment Strategies and Risk of Loss section below.
FI serves as sub-manager to Fisher Investments Europe Limited (with respect to its institutional clients), Fisher
Investments Ireland Limited, Fisher Investments Luxembourg, Sàrl and Fisher Investments GmbH which manage
assets for clients in various European countries, for Fisher Investments Australasia Pty Ltd, Fisher Investments Japan,
and Fisher Investments Singapore Pte. Ltd. FI provides investment management support to Fisher Investments
Arabia.
FI does not participate in formal wrap account programs, although we occasionally will agree to manage a
wrap account. A no-cost separate financial plan is offered to some clients.
FI may also, from time to time, recommend or make available ancillary services to clients through third parties. For
example, FI has arrangements with firms that can provide tax preparation services for FI’s clients.
Throughout the client relationship, FI strives to keep clients apprised of its strategy and current market outlook. The
firm fosters a culture that focuses on maintaining transparency and openness for successful relationships and stresses
this as both a core company value and an expectation of all employees in their dealings with clients and each other.
Assets under Management
FI manages client assets on a discretionary basis. As of December 31, 2025, FI managed a total of:
Private Client
Institutional
Total
Discretionary
Non-Discretionary
$331,230,543,932
$0
$55,439,180,106
$0
$386,669,724,038
$0
$331,230,543,932
$55,439,180,106
$386,669,724,038
Total
Assets under management are provided in $USD.
Fees and Compensation
Description
While at times FI may negotiate rates other than specified below, the following schedule lays out FI’s Canadian
private client basic billing rates:
Equity and Blended Accounts
Annual Management Fee
First $1 million
Next $4 million
Additional Amounts Over $5 million
1.25%
1.125%
1.000%
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Fixed Income Only Account in Excess of $5 million Annual Management Fee
First $5 million
Next $10 million
Next $10 million
Next $10 million
Next $10 million
Next $45 million
0.75%
0.50%
0.43%
0.38%
0.33%
0.28%
FI typically targets accounts with at least $500,000 in investable assets, but will accept smaller accounts at FI’s
discretion which will be billed at an annual rate of 1.50%. Accounts that fall below $475,000 in investable assets due
to withdrawal will be billed at the annual rate of 1.50%.
FI will aggregate for billing at the equity and blended account fee schedule listed above for multiple accounts
established by a client where the initial funding for all the accounts is equal to or greater than $700,000. The funding
must occur within 90 days of the start of the relationship.
FI may negotiate certain fixed rates with clients that can apply to all asset levels. FI provides advisory services to
clients in a limited number of special situations for substantially reduced or no advisory fees. These include certain
accounts for friends of the firm, relatives or children of other clients, and legacy accounts that have been clients for
many years. Certain clients who become clients of FI as a result of its merger and acquisition activities may retain
their prior fee schedules and therefore pay higher or lower fees than other FI clients. FI will credit a portion of its
management fees to certain investors who incur charges to surrender annuities to have the proceeds managed by FI.
FI will not negotiate fees to manage a plan fiduciary’s personal assets in connection with plan assets.
Fee Billing
Investment management account fees are normally based on a percentage of total assets managed for long positions
(including cash balances) and do not deduct for margin debit balances (margin loans). For accounts invested in the
Long/Short strategy, investment management account fees are based on the combined market value of the separate
long and short positions (short positions do not reduce the value of long positions for this purpose), less the credit or
proceeds received from the short sales that are not reinvested. For accounts with short positions not invested in the
Long/Short strategy, both the current value of the short position and proceeds from the short sale are included when
determining the combined market value (short positions do reduce the value of the long positions for this purpose).
Fees are generally calculated and charged quarterly. Fees are based on the market value using closing prices at
quarter end, at one-quarter of the annual rates listed above. The quarter ending value includes accrued interest and/or
dividends. Fees are billed and paid after they are earned. Fees for the investment management services provided by
FI, which may begin before assets are received into the client’s account, are typically calculated and charged
beginning on the date the Letter of Agreement with FI (“LOA”) is signed by the client. The initial services include,
without limitation, conducting a comprehensive suitability evaluation with the client; analyzing the client’s assets,
goals, objectives, restrictions, and other circumstances; making investment recommendations; and providing updated
research to the client regarding FI’s views on the market. The fee will be calculated and deducted from the client’s
account each calendar quarter following the billing date as stated in the client’s LOA. The client may instead pay fees
from another account or via invoice by completing and submitting written instructions to FI.
Unless the LOA is signed on the first day of the calendar quarter, fees for the initial billing period will be calculated
based on the number of calendar days from the date the LOA is signed until the end of the quarter. A fee will not be
calculated and billed for an initial billing period if there are no assets in the client’s account or the number of billing
days in the period is less than 16. Instead, the following calendar quarter may be combined with the initial billing
period, making the billing period longer than the one calendar quarter depending upon when assets are received into
the account and FI begins trading in the client’s account. The fee will be calculated for that entire longer period based
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Form ADV Part 2A
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on the account value at the end of the following calendar quarter. Any net contributions or withdrawals made after the
initial billing period that is equal to or greater than $50,000 will be prorated if the fee adjustment is greater than
.0025% of the client’s quarter-end assets under management by FI and for the contributions/withdrawals greater than
or equal to $100.
In general, a client may terminate the LOA with FI at any time by notifying FI in writing. At such time, FI will bill
the client for services already rendered, prorated through the calendar day prior to the date of termination. Since FI
does not bill in advance, a refund of fees is not applicable.
Other Fees
Clients will incur fees in addition to the management fee paid to FI, as stated above. Such fees can include
brokerage commissions, other custodian fees, and expenses for investing in exchange traded funds or structured
notes. FI does not earn any of the foregoing fees. Please refer to the Brokerage Practices section below.
FI will waive its separate account advisory fee to the extent accounts indirectly pay an advisory fee by investing in
shares of the funds managed by FI described in the Affiliations section below that pay FI an advisory fee. FI may
instead reduce its advisory fee payable by the funds. Clients would pay for all the operating and other expenses
associated with an investment in the funds as well as with the separate account.
The use of defensive strategies may increase trading activity, and thus, the recognition (for income tax purposes) of
gains and losses, and increase other expenses (such as brokerage charges) compared to accounts that do not use these
techniques. Refer to the Methods of Analysis, Investment Strategies and Risk of Loss section below.
Performance-Based Fees and Side-By-Side Management
FI does not typically charge performance-based fees for private client accounts, but may for institutional clients
who specifically request it if appropriate. Performance-based fee arrangements permit FI to receive compensation
for unrealized appreciation as well as realized gains and may create an incentive for FI to make riskier or more
speculative investments. Managing accounts that are charged a performance-based fee and accounts that are
charged another type of fee, such as a fixed-rate fee, presents certain conflicts of interest in managing these
accounts at the same time. There is an incentive to favor performance-based fee accounts. FI’s policies and
procedures have been developed to ensure that all clients are treated fairly and equally, and without regard to the
fee type in determining trade allocation. Refer to the Order Aggregation section below. FI reviews trade
aggregation and allocation policies and procedures at least annually to ensure adherence to firm procedures and
that no client is being systematically favored.
Types of Clients
Description
FI has a global client base of diverse investors in an advisory and sub-advisory role including corporations,
retirement plans, public and multi-employer pension funds, foundations, endowments, governments, investment
companies and high-net-worth individuals across America, Europe, Canada, Asia, Australia, and the Middle East.
Account Minimums
At present, the Canada Private Client Group targets accounts with at least $500,000 in investable assets, but
may accept smaller accounts at FI’s discretion.
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Methods of Analysis, Investment Strategies and Risk of Loss
Methods of Analysis
FI uses both qualitative and quantitative tools to analyze markets, sectors, and securities. FI makes extensive use of
computers, computer peripherals, software, and computer databases in screening for securities worthy of investment
consideration. FI uses a centralized portfolio management system, which includes block trading, portfolio
management, and securities price data collection.
Investment Strategies
Private clients are generally invested in an equity, fixed income, or blended account based on their individual
financial goals and objectives, restrictions, or investment limitations as expressed by the client. FI can adjust its
investment strategy for each client as appropriate depending on its forward-looking view of market conditions. For
equity and blended accounts, FI seeks to maximize opportunity and manage risk by investing globally to take
advantage of worldwide opportunities by investing in equities, fixed income securities, structured products, or other
derivatives that can include leverage. However, if FI forecasts a bear market on the horizon, a defensive approach
may be taken. FI’s goal is simply to help clients achieve their financial goals, regardless of market conditions.
FI uses investment benchmarks as a framework for constructing client portfolios, managing portfolio risk, and
monitoring client portfolio performance by comparing rates of return over time. FI can provide information about
particular investment benchmarks and how they are selected and constituted upon request.
FI conducts tax-loss harvesting each year, at its discretion, in taxable accounts to help potentially lower client tax
burdens. Tax-loss harvesting is the process of selling securities that have declined in value to realize losses for the tax
year. The securities sold to harvest losses will be temporarily restricted for a short period in order to avoid forfeiture
of the realized losses and increasing the deferred tax liability for clients (the “wash-sale rule”). In order to maintain
market exposure during the wash-sale rule restriction period, FI will invest in replacement securities which may
deviate from FI views as an optimal pre-tax portfolio allocation. The replacement securities may be sold and the
original securities repurchased which could also potentially increase the tax liability for clients if gains are realized, or
FI may choose to keep the replacement securities if it believes those securities are appropriate for the client’s
situation. The use of tax-loss harvesting will increase trading activity and potentially increase transaction expenses.
Clients will receive notice well in advance of the implementation of this process each year and can opt-out at that
time or request to opt out of the service entirely. Clients can also mandate tax-loss harvesting in their taxable
accounts managed by FI at any time.
If FI forecasts a prolonged and substantial downturn for the U.S. and/or the foreign stock markets, it may adopt a
defensive strategy for clients’ equity accounts by investing substantially in fixed income securities, money market
instruments, structured or exchange traded notes, put options, or other derivatives on securities or indexes or
exchange traded funds, selling short securities or exchange traded funds, and other hedging techniques. FI may also
invest clients’ accounts in shares of the Tactical Multi-Purpose Fund using its discretionary investment authority,
which employ these various defensive investments. There can be no guarantee that FI will accurately forecast any
prolonged and substantial downturn in the market, or that the use of derivatives and other defensive techniques would
be successful in avoiding losses. These defensive strategies may be used for a client’s account only to the extent not
prohibited by the LOA, custodial limitations, and applicable law. Clients may specifically request, in writing, FI to
limit or avoid the use of these defensive techniques in their accounts.
Derivatives typically derive their value from the performance of an underlying asset, interest rates, or index. A
client’s account would lose the premium or other transaction costs related to the purchase of an option – a type of
derivative - that expires worthless. The price movements of derivatives may be more volatile than those of other
securities, and result in increased investment risk. Many of these investments do not enjoy as much liquidity as other
securities; although, consistent with its investment strategy FI will seek to invest in liquid investments to the extent
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Form ADV Part 2A
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they represent the best investment option in FI’s view. FI will normally cause client accounts to “cover” options they
write with the underlying security and other liquid assets.
Short sales may be used to fully or partially hedge other investments in a client’s equity or blended account or to seek
returns unrelated to other investments. “Short sales” means borrowing a security and selling it. Short sales result in
profits or losses depending on whether the price of the security increases versus the price at the time of the short sale
(which results in a loss) or decreases versus the price at the time of the short sale (which results in a gain). The loss
from a short sale is theoretically unlimited depending on how much the security sold short increases in value. Clients
may specifically request, in writing, FI to limit or avoid the use of short sales in their accounts.
Structured and exchange traded notes are debt instruments whose return is derived from the performance of a
reference index or other underlying securities or investments. The performance of a note is determined primarily by
the performance of the underlying investments; therefore, despite technically being a corporate debt instrument, notes
can be designed to provide returns similar to other asset classes. These notes include leverage, which potentially
increases risk and volatility. These notes are issued by third-party financial institutions and thus bear the credit risk of
those entities. Though FI may choose the nature of the note and define the underlying investments, the third-party
financial institution will manage the note and charge a management fee to do so. Financing and other charges also
apply depending on the nature of the note and its construction.
Risk of Loss
Investing in capital markets involves risk of loss that each client should be prepared to bear. Investing in foreign stock
markets involves additional risks including political, economic, and currency risks, as well as differences in
accounting methods. Investing in fixed income instruments may involve certain costs and risks such as liquidity risk,
interest rate risk, and credit risk. Portfolios investing in derivatives could lose more than the principal amount
invested in those instruments. There can be no guarantee that a portfolio will meet its investment objectives or that it
will not suffer losses.
Disciplinary Information
Legal and Disciplinary
There have been no disciplinary events and no material legal events related to FI or any management person.
Other Financial Industry Activities and Affiliations
Financial Media
Ken Fisher, Aaron Anderson, and other senior members of the firm are regular contributors to various media and
publications globally. Fisher Investments can hold some or all of the securities mentioned in a particular article in
client portfolios.
Affiliations
FI acts as the investment adviser for the Tactical Multi-Purpose Fund (“Tactical Fund”), organized as a non-
diversified series of Unified Series Trust established under the laws of Ohio by an Agreement and Declaration of
Trust dated October 17, 2002. FI may recommend to clients, or use its discretionary authority over clients’ accounts,
to invest client assets in shares of the Tactical Fund. Clients may also restrict or prohibit investment of their accounts
in the Tactical Fund in writing. Additionally, FI acts as the investment adviser for the FI Institutional Group Stock
Fund for Retirement Plans, the FI Institutional Group ESG Stock Fund for Retirement Plans, the FI Institutional
Group Fixed Income Fund for Retirement Plans, and the FI Institutional Group ESG Fixed Income Fund for
Retirement Plans, each a diversified series of Unified Series Trust.
FI acts as the investment manager for the UK-based Purisima Investment Funds, an open-ended investment company
incorporated in England and Wales under registered number IC 162 and authorized as a Undertaking for Collective
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Investment in Transferrable Securities (“UCITS”) by the UK Financial Conduct Authority, which is comprised of
three sub-funds: the Purisima Global Total Return Fund, the Purisima UK Total Return Fund, and the Purisima
EAFE Total Return Fund.
FI acts as the investment manager for the Purisima Investment Fund (CI) Limited, an open-ended investment
company established in Jersey, Channel Islands, as an Expert Fund in accordance with the Jersey Collective
Investment Funds Order 1995.
FI acts as the investment manager for the Fisher Investments Institutional Funds plc, an open ended investment
company with variable capital incorporated in Ireland under the Irish Companies Act 1963 to 2009 with registered
number 496650 and authorized as a UCITS by the Central Bank of Ireland, which is currently comprised of twenty-
four sub-funds: the FI Institutional Emerging Markets Equity Fund, the FI Institutional Emerging Markets Equity
Selection Fund, , the FI Institutional Global Small Cap Equity Fund, the FI Institutional US Small Cap Core Equity
Selection Fund, the FIE All-Purpose Fund, the FI Institutional European Equity Fund, the FI Institutional Global
Equity Selection Fund, the FI Institutional Global Equity Focused Fund, the FI Institutional Global Equity High
Yield Fund, the FI Institutional Global Developed Concentrated Equity Selection Fund the FI Institutional Global
Developed Equity Selection Fund, the FI Institutional US Small and Mid-Cap Core Equity Fund, the the FI
Institutional US Equity Selection Fund, the FI Institutional Emerging Markets Responsible Equity Fund, the FI
Institutional Global Sustainable Equity Impact Fund, the FI Institutional Quantitative Global Equity
Selection Fund, the FI Institutional Emerging Markets Hard Currency Government Bond Fund, the FI
Institutional US High Yield Bond Fund, the FI Institutional China A-Shares Equity Fund, the FI Institutional
US All Cap Equity Selection Fund, the FI Institutional Global Small Cap Equity Selection Fund, the FI
Institutional Global ex-US Equity Selection Fund, the FI Institutional Global Responsible Equity ESG Fund,
and the FI Institutional Global Developed Equity ESG Values Fund.
FI acts as the investment manager for the Fisher Investments Trust, a Delaware statutory trust, which currently has
eight series: FI Institutional Group Emerging Markets Equity Fund, the FI Institutional Group Foreign Equity Fund,
the FI Institutional Group Global Small Cap Equity Fund, the FI Institutional Group All Foreign Equity Fund, the FI
Institutional Group All Foreign Small Cap Equity Fund, the FI Institutional Group All Foreign Small Cap Equity
Quant Fund, the FI Institutional Group Emerging Markets Equity ESG Fund, and the FI Institutional Group
Emerging Markets Equity Opportunities Fund.
FI acts as investment adviser to the following bank-maintained collective funds: the Fisher Investments All Foreign
Equity Collective Fund; the Fisher Investments Emerging Markets Equity Collective Fund; the Fisher Investments
All World Equity Collective Fund; the Fisher Investments U.S. Fixed Income Collective Fund; the Fisher
Investments U.S. Equity Market Collective Fund, and the Fisher Investments U.S. Small and Mid Cap Core Equity
Collective Fund. Each is a Fund established under the Fisher Investments Collective Trust. SEI Trust Company is
the trustee and manager.
FI acts as investment manager to the following Australian registered funds: the FIA Institutional Global Equity
Focused Fund, the FIA Institutional Global Small Cap Equity Fund, and the FIA Institutional Emerging Markets
Equity ESG Fund. Equity Trustees Limited is the Responsible Entity.
FI acts as investment manager to the following Australian registered funds: the Fisher Investments Australasia Global
Equity Focused Fund, the Fisher Investments Australasia Global Small Cap Equity Fund, and the Fisher Investments
Australasia Emerging Markets Equity ESG Fund. Equity Trustees Limited is the Responsible Entity.
Where FI manages a separate account and invests those assets in a fund it also advises or manages, FI would either
waive its separate account advisory fee on assets invested in the fund or reduce its fee paid by the funds to the extent
of any other advisory fee charged by FI on those assets. Where the Personalized Retirement Outcomes service invests
participant assets into funds which pay FI a management fee, FI will reduce the fee rate charged for the Personalized
February 11, 2026
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Retirement Outcome service by an amount equal to the management fee rate it receives from the funds.
FI owns Fisher Investments Europe Limited, doing business as Fisher Investments UK (“FIUK”), an investment firm
in the United Kingdom whose main activities are marketing FI’s and its own investment management services to
prospective private clients in the United Kingdom, including providing investment and pension transfer
recommendations and marketing its own investment management services to and managing assets for institutional
clients in the United Kingdom, Switzerland, and Belgium, which are sub-managed by FI. FI earns a sub-management
fee for the sub-management services it provides to FIUK.
FI owns Fisher Investments Australasia Pty Ltd (“FIA”), a financial services licensee in Australia whose primary
purpose is to manage assets for wholesale clients in Australia and wholesale investors in New Zealand that are sub-
managed by FI. FI earns a sub-management fee for the sub-management services it provides to FIA.
FI owns Fisher Investments Japan Limited (“FIJ”), a Delaware corporation with a branch in Japan that has a
discretionary investment management and investment advisory and agency licenses in Japan. FIJ’s primary purpose
is to manage assets for professional and general clients in Japan. FI earns a sub-management fee for the sub-
management services it provides to FIJ.
FI has a branch established in the Dubai International Financial Centre, whose primary purpose is to market FI’s
investment management services to prospective institutional clients in the Middle East.
FI owns Fisher Investments GmbH (“FIG”), an investment firm in Germany whose primary purpose is to
manage assets for private clients in Germany, Austria and Switzerland that are sub-managed by FI. FI earns a
sub-management fee for the sub-management services it provides to FIG. FIG owns Fisher Investments Schweiz
GmbH, a representative office of FIG that supervises the activities of tied agents that introduce residents of
Switzerland to FIG.
FI owns Fisher Investments Ireland Limited (“FII”), an investment firm in Ireland whose primary purpose is to
manage assets for private and institutional clients in Europe that are sub-managed by FI. FI earns a sub-management
fee for the sub-management services it provides to FII.
FI owns Fisher Investments Luxembourg, Sàrl (“FIL”), an investment firm in Luxembourg whose primary purpose is
to manage assets for private clients in Europe that are sub-managed by FI. FIL also engages in insurance brokerage
activities in France. FI earns a sub-management fee for the sub-management services it provides to FIL.
FI owns Fisher Investments Arabia (“FISA”), a capital market institution in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia whose
primary purpose is to manage assets for private and institutional clients in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. FI earns a
fee for investment management support it provides to FISA.
FI owns Fisher Investments Singapore Pte. Ltd. (“FIS”), which holds a capital markets services license to conduct
fund management activity for accredited and institutional investors in Singapore. FI earns a sub-management fee for
the sub-management services it provides to FIS.
To improve fiduciary literacy and advance brand awareness, FIIG, from time to time, may sponsor, either
independently or with other managers, consultants, or advisers, training and educational programs and conferences
attended by retirement advisors and plan sponsor fiduciaries.
Code of Ethics, Participation or Interest in Client Transactions and Personal
Trading
Code of Ethics and Personal Trading
Ethics and integrity are the bedrock on which the rest of our business is built. When designated employees and
contractors of FI and its subsidiaries invest for their own accounts, conflicts of interest may arise between clients and
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employees. As an investment adviser and mutual fund adviser, FI is subject to Rule 204A-1 of the Advisers Act and
Rule 17j-1 of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended. To comply with these requirements, FI has adopted
a Code of Ethics containing provisions reasonably necessary to prevent its “Access Persons,” as defined in the Code
of Ethics, from engaging in any act, practice or course of business prohibited by these Rules. The Code of Ethics
addresses investments by Access Persons in securities with particular rules for initial public offerings and limited
offerings.
In accordance with FI’s Code of Ethics, all Access Persons are required to have most security transactions including
all common stock, options, corporate bonds, exchange traded funds, and trades in mutual funds where FI is the sub-
adviser to the fund company approved in advance by designated personnel involved in the trading process. Access
Persons and FI Principals have bought, owned, and sold securities in various publicly traded corporations, including
those held and traded in clients’ accounts or in the funds managed or advised by FI.
Access Persons and Principals may hold securities, which were purchased previous to their employment with FI, and
are now still held. Access Persons and Principals whose accounts are managed by FI may participate in block
transactions placed for clients. Additionally, Access Persons and Principals must submit all brokerage statements,
which reflect transactions for their benefit, to ensure this policy is implemented according to stated objectives. FI will
provide a copy of its Code of Ethics upon request.
FI has adopted policies and procedures designed to address potential conflicts that arise between FI and its minority
owners. These policies and procedures include information barriers designed to prevent the flow of portfolio holdings
and trading information between FI, its personnel and its minority owners; and restrictions relating to brokerage
selection and trading with entities under control of its minority owners. No assurance can be made that any of FI’s
current policies and procedures, or any policies and procedures that are established by FI in the future will have their
desired effect.
In addition to these explicit policies, we also stress ethics in our company vision statement, which states that “our
quest requires delivering unparalleled service, continuous education, and appropriate solutions to our clients and
always considering their interests first.” Likewise, ethics and integrity are a core component of employee
performance reviews, where they are listed as an explicit competency and factor directly into performance
evaluations.
Participation or Interest in Client Transactions
FI imposes restrictions upon itself and all managed accounts that have a relationship with an FI Access Person or
Principal to ensure the clients’ interests are considered before the interests of FI or any person associated with FI.
Such accounts are called proprietary accounts. They will trade in block trades with or after non-proprietary clients.
Exceptions may be made to liquidate certain previously held equity positions in proprietary accounts that cannot be
blocked with non-proprietary clients provided a determination is made that no non-proprietary client will be
disadvantaged. All proprietary clients are aware of such trading practices. At no time will transactions be effected in
any manner such that FI or the FI Access Person could benefit at the expense of a non-proprietary client.
Political Contributions
FI personnel may make personal contributions to support political candidates or elected officials, including
candidates who may share the firm's views on issues related to its business interests. Designated personnel are
responsible for ensuring that their political activities comply with applicable laws restricting political contributions
and solicitations, as well as FI's policies and procedures.
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Brokerage Practices
Selecting Brokerage Firms
FI generally determines both the brokers to be used to effect transactions for clients and the commissions at which
those transactions are to be effected. Brokers are selected on the basis of the clients’ interests, requirements and
preferences as well as FI’s assessment of the brokers execution and other services relative to the commission charged
for each trade. FI evaluates brokers’ fees and commission rates in light of rates other advisers could readily obtain
from brokers in general for similar transactions.
Each client’s investment advisory agreement generally gives FI full authority to determine (without obtaining client
consent or consulting with the client on a transaction-by-transaction basis) the brokers or dealers through which all
transactions for the client’s account will be executed. A client may, however, direct FI to execute transactions for the
client’s account through a specified broker or dealer (the “Specified Broker”). A client may choose to direct FI in
writing to execute transactions through a Specified Broker if, for example, the client will be receiving investment
management consulting services from such Specified Broker.
FI has delegated a portion of its trading function for certain markets and securities to its affiliates, Fisher Investments
Luxembourg, Sàrl, Fisher Investments Japan Limited Branch in Japan and Fisher Investments GmbH., subject to
the oversight of FI.
Best Execution
Where a client authorizes and the custodian does not restrict FI to select the brokers and/or dealers through which
transactions for the client’s account are executed, FI allocates transactions to brokers and/or dealers for execution on
such markets at such prices and at such commission rates (which may be in excess of the prices or commission rates
that might have been charged for execution on other markets or by other brokers or dealers) as in the good faith
judgment of FI are appropriate. FI considers the selection of brokers and/or dealers based not only on the available
prices and rates of brokerage commissions, but also other relevant factors which can include:
(a) the execution capabilities of the brokers and/or dealers;
(b) the size of the transaction
(c) the difficulty of execution;
(d) the operational facilities of the brokers and/or dealers involved;
(e) the risk in positioning a block of securities;
(f) custodial relationship; and
(g) the quality of the overall brokerage services provided by the broker and/or dealer.
FI may cause a client’s account to pay a broker or dealer a higher amount of commission for effecting a transaction
for the client’s account than another broker or dealer would have charged for effecting that same transaction if FI
determines in good faith that the amount of commission is reasonable in relation to the value of the brokerage and
research services provided by the broker or dealer, viewed in terms of either the particular transaction or FI’s overall
responsibilities with respect to the accounts for which FI exercises investment discretion.
Where a client directs FI to effect transactions for the client’s account through a Specified Broker, FI does not
negotiate brokerage commissions with respect to transactions executed by the Specified Broker for the client’s
account. Rather, the client and the Specified Broker agree on the commission rate that the Specified Broker will
charge for transactions effected for the account. As a result, the client may pay higher commissions than those paid
by FI’s clients who have not directed FI to execute transactions through a specified broker or dealer depending upon:
(a) the client’s arrangement with the Specified Broker;
(b) such factors as the number of securities, instruments, or obligations being bought or sold for the client,
whether round or odd lots are being acquired for the client and the market for the security, instrument or
obligation; and
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(c) the fact that the client will be foregoing any benefit from savings on execution costs that FI may obtain for its
clients through negotiating volume commission discounts on batched transactions.
In addition, the client may not receive the lowest available price with respect to certain transactions effected for the
client’s account. Clients that restrict the ability to execute trades for their accounts away from their custodian through
a prime broker services agreement may receive lower commissions for certain trades but may also be traded
separately in a less advantageous manner than those trades which can be aggregated with other accounts that allow
for prime brokerage. Smaller size and certain other accounts are not eligible for prime brokerage.
To the extent affiliates of FI place trades on behalf of client accounts, the affiliates will abide by their best execution
policy, which is substantially similar to FI’s best execution policy described above.
Soft Dollars
FI does not have any formal soft dollar arrangements where it uses a portion of commissions generated by trades
by clients’ accounts to pay specific amounts for research products and brokerage services from broker-dealers or
research vendors. However, broker-dealers that custody client assets or effect securities transactions provide their
own research services such as reports, access to website materials, and access to their analysts. In some cases, FI
uses that research if it is believed to be useful and of reasonable value, which can be considered a soft-dollar
benefit for FI even though there is no specific allocated amount of commissions in order for FI to receive those
benefits nor is there believed to be any impact to the transaction costs for our clients. Additionally, some broker-
dealers also provide FI with unsolicited research that FI considers to have limited value and does not use, which
also are technically considered soft dollar benefits for FI.
Generally speaking, all of FI’s clients benefit from research services provided to FI by the brokers and dealers who
effect transactions for FI’s client accounts. FI periodically considers the value and usefulness of proprietary research
services available through broker-dealers as part of assessing FI’s overall relationship with a broker-dealer and the
quality of services provided, but FI does not make specific trading or commission allocation decisions based on the
research provided. FI’s receipt of research services from brokers and dealers that effect transactions for FI’s client
accounts does not reduce FI’s customary research activities.
Order Aggregation
FI has adopted the following allocation policy and procedure for aggregating advisory clients’ trade orders.
• Orders will not be aggregated unless aggregation is consistent with our best execution duty and the
applicable advisory agreements.
• No advisory account will be consistently favored over any other account.
• Before entering an aggregated order, an electronic summary of the proposed allocation shall be made in
connection with that order.
FI’s IPC determines the securities to be purchased and sold in client accounts where FI acts with discretion. FI will
aggregate all Private Client group orders directed by the IPC by internal custodian designation (“custodian code”)
trade objective (“PM Order Reason”), and/or strategy/ group. The custodian code is determined by, but not limited
to, a combination of the Private Client account’s custodian, prime brokerage eligibility, and order size. Blocks are not
aggregated across custodians, and each custodial block would be treated as a separate brokerage ticket. Orders across
Institutional and Private Clients will not be blocked and will be executed separately.
FI uses Charles River (“CRD”) as its Order Management System (“OMS”). CRD facilitates the execution of trades
for the Institutional Group and Private Client Group.
• When transactions are aggregated into blocks:
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– The actual execution prices applicable to the aggregated transaction will be averaged, and each client
account participating in the aggregated transaction will be deemed to have purchased or sold its share
of the security, instrument, or obligation involved at that average price; and
– All transaction costs incurred in effecting the aggregated transaction shall be shared on a pro rata basis
among all participating accounts, except to the extent certain broker-dealers that also furnish custody
services impose minimum transaction charges applicable to some of the participating accounts. Client
direction and restrictions may result in different costs for a particular client.
• Where custodian limitations require us to send single orders, orders will not be blocked.
• For Private Clients, if it takes more than one day to complete a transaction for a security or group of
securities, the allocation order of accounts must be subject to a rotation by custodian within a grouping of
strategy models to ensure all accounts are treated equally over time. The IPC has discretion in determining
what grouping of strategy models trade together, including minimum account sizes to avoid excessive costs
to smaller accounts. A custodian rotation and random allocation (CRD) is applied to each respective
grouping. Within each custodian and strategy group, “baskets” will be created by the Portfolio
Implementation team as cash management tools, grouping the trades within accounts and ensuring accounts
are not debited during the random allocation process. Baskets are randomly generated, and any basket that
does not complete in full on a given day will be allocated by CRD Account ID using the CRIMS Random
Allocation Generator. Baskets will be regenerated and randomized again if a subset of accounts is added to
the custodian block prior to the custodian being completed in full, and baskets are average priced by
brokerage ticket over the course of a trading day. Custodian rotations are tracked and the rotation is
progressed with the next block allocation. To ensure fairness in custodial rotations, a separate custodial
rotation is used for IPC-directed portfolio shifts and non-portfolio trades that affect a smaller subset of clients
or orders, including but not limited to trades resulting from corporate actions and tax optimizations.
• Orders will be allocated on a basis different from the above only if all clients receive fair treatment and the
reason for the different allocation is approved by a member of the IPC member in writing. Common reasons
for deviations include, but are not limited to, cash balance differences and relative position sizes.
• Blocks executed with multiple brokers on a given day are allocated to the underlying accounts using the
CRIMS Random Allocation Generator.
• Groups of private client orders for a given security determined to be insignificant in size relative to all
existing orders for that security may be traded outside the rotation.
• During an IPC directed portfolio shift, FI traders may be executing given order(s) over multiple days in a
rotation. During this time, trades may have to be placed within client accounts to accommodate client
requests that overlap with the "Rebalance” orders. Where these orders are deemed non-material/non-
impactful to the broader rebalance, the Portfolio Implementation Group may enter these orders as “Non-
Rebalance” to be executed outside of the rotation as a separate custodial block with a different average price
from the “Rebalance” orders.
• Client mandated orders are generally segregated from existing blocks and executed at the market. If it is
deemed that executing the order at the market may have significant market impact, the order will be executed
with discretion.
• Certain private client accounts with special mandates or restrictions will not be included in the rotation
process. In order to satisfy the requirements and restrictions for these accounts, they will be traded
separately. For that reason, these accounts will normally be traded after trades have been executed in
other accounts managed by FI and, therefore these accounts have the potential to be executed on different
terms, which can be less or more favorable and less promptly depending on market conditions. Clients
with these special accounts are informed of these limitations.
• European private client custodian blocks may be traded outside the regular rotation if trading cannot be
executed at the appropriate time due to the absence of trading personnel at the custodian’s local European
offices or custodian specific execution restrictions. Rotation deviations of this nature may cause the
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Form ADV Part 2A
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clients to receive better or worse execution prices than would be received if they remained in the regular
rotation.
• Private client orders to unwind option positions associated with equity positions will be segregated from
existing blocks. The equity and option orders will generally be executed as close together as possible.
• Sell short orders will be segregated from sell orders.
• Trades that require shortened settlement will be segregated from existing blocks.
• Trades placed to correct errors in client accounts will be executed at the market separately from any
•
existing blocks and will not be aggregated with any IPC block trades. If it is deemed that executing the
order at the market may have significant market impact, the order will be executed with discretion.
• Orders of material size entered in individual accounts as compared to other accounts within an existing
block may be segregated and executed separately for the purpose of saving such clients explicit cost
(commission). Additionally, if an order is entered intraday and blocking with existing orders may
significantly change the average price of the block, the order may be segregated and executed separately
at the discretion of the Trading department.
If the custodian/broker receives multiple orders for the same side and symbol at different times and is
unable to average price all executions due to system limitations, it is permissible to book such trades at
their different, respective prices.
• FX trade orders for Private Clients are executed outside of Fisher’s OMS directly in client accounts with
the applicable custodian. Private Client FX trade orders will not normally be aggregated because of the
varied timing and custodians involved for affected clients.
Individual investment advice and treatment will be provided to each client’s account.
• Books and records will reflect separately for each account the securities held, bought, and sold.
•
• FI does not participate in initial public offerings and therefore has no allocation policy with respect to
such offerings.
• No additional compensation or remuneration of any kind will be received by FI as a result of the
procedure referenced above.
Trading Errors
Trading errors sometimes happen for various reasons that may or may not be FI’s responsibility. FI handles trading
errors according to its trade error policy and procedure, including the use of trade error accounts. Trade error accounts
can be used by FI to absorb unfavorable consequences of trade errors to reduce the chance that clients would be
adversely affected. Trade errors with favorable consequences that the client wishes to accept will generally be
credited against the client’s management fees until the amount of full benefit is provided, which may extend over
multiple quarters. FI aggregates the balances of its error accounts among various broker-dealer and bank custody
accounts on a quarterly basis to determine whether to donate aggregate gains to charity or to contribute to one or
more accounts for aggregate losses. In any event, the client will always be made whole and soft dollars will never be
used to correct trade errors.
Review of Accounts
Periodic Reviews
Account information, including quantities and values of securities held, the amounts of cash and cash equivalents,
and account transaction activity for each client is maintained in FI’s computer systems. This account information is
reconciled against statements or electronic files from appropriate custodial agents generally daily, but no less than
monthly.
Review Triggers
All existing managed accounts are subject to periodic reviews depending on the criteria being evaluated. Most
reviews utilize computer-generated exception reports from FI’s portfolio management and accounting systems. Cash
balance, position count, position size, asset allocation, country weight, and sector weight reports are among the
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measures periodically evaluated. Additionally, ad hoc reports supplement the review process. FI’s Implementation
department oversees the daily operations of the existing account review process.
The IPC consists of five members: the Executive Chairman, a Vice Chairman, an Executive Vice President, and two
Senior Vice Presidents. They collectively determine firm investment policy and are responsible for managing broad
investment strategies. All are actively engaged in securities and capital markets research contributing to the review
process.
Regular Reports
Clients receive a quarterly accounting showing asset value by security, unit cost, total cost, cash balances, current per
share values, etc. Clients are urged to compare the quarterly reports provided by FI with those provided by their
custodian and notify FI of any differences. Additionally, clients regularly receive Quarterly Reviews, which include
the IPC’s general economic outlook and current investment trends. Clients are encouraged to phone or write FI as
often as they deem necessary to receive information regarding the investment tactics and strategies being followed.
Upon specific client request, FI will prepare written portfolio analysis and reports to satisfy the client’s informational
needs.
Client Referrals and Other Compensation
Referrals
From time to time, FI has client referral relationships with outside vendors and will pay a referral fee to these
vendors. There is no increase in fees that clients will pay to Fisher as a result of the referral fees that FI pays to outside
vendors. Conflicts of interest exist with respect to these referral relationships, as FI receives certain economic
benefits through its participation in these relationships. FI also has incentives for its personnel to solicit and refer
clients. FI occasionally pays a referral fee to third-party solicitors. No referral fee is paid unless the referral
arrangement and any compensation paid are disclosed. FI’s participation in referral relationships does not reduce or
eliminate FI’s fiduciary duties to put the interests of its clients first and seek best execution in securities transactions
on behalf of its clients.
FI receives compensation to refer prospective clients and clients to non-affiliated investment advisers. Conflicts of
interest exist with these referral relationships. No referral will occur unless consent has been obtained from the
prospective client or client and the referral arrangement and any compensation paid are disclosed.
Other Compensation
FI has obligations under referral programs with custodians with respect to certain clients, including certain clients
who become clients of FI as part of its merger and acquisition activities. Pursuant to such programs, FI is obligated to
pay the custodian an ongoing fee, usually as a percentage of the fees billed to the account or a percentage of the assets
in the account, with a one-time fee generally payable in the event the account is transferred away from such
custodian. Since the one-time fee is generally higher than the ongoing fee, FI will have an incentive to maintain the
account at the existing custodian.
FI receives very limited income from speaking, writing, and royalties—all related to finance and investing. Ken
Fisher receives royalties from his books. In addition, FI currently receives income for books published under Fisher
Investments Press, an imprint series published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. from 2009 to 2011.
Custody
Account Statements
FI is not a broker-dealer and does not take possession of client assets. FI client assets are housed in nationally
recognized brokerage firms or banks, otherwise known as custodians. FI has a limited power of attorney to place
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Form ADV Part 2A
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trades on the client’s behalf. The custodian will issue trade confirmations and monthly statements directly to clients,
while the client’s account will be managed by FI. Clients are urged to compare the information in their quarterly FI
statements with the statements provided by their custodian.
FI will work with the client and custodian to open and establish a custodian account. It is possible a prospective client
will be assigned to a new custodian even if their existing account is at a custodian FI uses. Once opened, FI will
notify the client of the custodian’s name, address, and the manner in which the funds or securities are maintained, and
promptly thereafter of any changes to this information.
Direct Debit of Fees
FI does have the ability to directly debit fees from clients’ accounts. FI has policies and procedures in place to ensure
fees are calculated correctly and in accordance with clients’ agreed upon rates. Refer to the Fee Billing under Fees
and Compensation section above.
Investment Discretion
Discretionary Authority for Trading and Limited Power of Attorney
FI generally has limited power of attorney to act on a fully discretionary basis on clients’ behalf. When such limited
powers exist between FI and a client, FI chooses the amount and type of securities to be bought and sold to satisfy
account objectives. This is the case with most of FI’s clients. Additionally, FI accepts any reasonable limitation or
restriction to such authority placed by the client. Refer to the Methods of Analysis, Investment Strategies and Risk of
Loss section above. All limitations and restrictions placed on accounts must be provided to FI in writing.
Voting Client Securities
Proxy Votes
Generally, except to the extent that a client otherwise instructs FI in writing, FI will vote (by proxy or otherwise) on
all matters for which a shareholder vote is solicited by, or with respect to, issuers of securities beneficially held in
client accounts in such manner as FI deems appropriate in accordance with its written policies and procedures. These
policies and procedures set forth guidelines for voting (or abstaining from voting) many typical proxy proposals. FI
regularly reviews these guidelines. In certain instances the IPC will determine it is in the client’s best interest to vary
from the guidelines or the proxy issue will require individual case-by-case consideration under the guidelines. Where
a proxy proposal raises a material conflict of interest between the interests of FI and its clients, FI will vote in
accordance with the guidelines where FI does not have discretion to vary from the guidelines. Alternatively, FI will
obtain voting direction from Institutional Shareholder Services (“ISS”), an independent third-party proxy service
provider, disclose the conflict of interest to the client and abstain from voting, or obtain client consent prior to voting
the securities. Clients may obtain a copy of FI’s proxy voting policies and procedures and/or information on how FI
has voted the client’s securities by written request to FI. There may also be a variety of corporate actions or other
matters for which shareholder action is required or solicited and with respect to which FI may take action that it
deems appropriate in its best judgment except to the extent otherwise required by agreement with the client. These
actions may include, for example and without limitation, tender offers or exchanges, and bankruptcy proceedings.
Unless FI otherwise agrees in writing, FI will not have any duty or obligation to advise or take any action on behalf of
clients in any legal proceedings, including bankruptcies or class actions, involving securities held in or formerly held
in the client’s account or the issuers of securities. At the client’s written request, FI will assist when practical with
administrative matters regarding any settlement or judgment.
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Financial Information
Financial Condition
FI does not require or solicit prepayment of fees. FI is currently not in, nor has been historically in, a financially
precarious situation, or the subject to a bankruptcy petition.
Additional Information: Fair Valuation
In separate accounts and certain funds FI manages, FI is responsible for determining the fair value of illiquid
securities and other holdings in the unlikely event a price is not readily available or after a significant event materially
affects the value of a security between the time of its last sale on the exchange or market in which the security trades,
and the US market close. FI’s Valuation Committee meets as necessary when a price is not readily available and will
determine if the value of a security should be re-evaluated to reflect a more current fair market value. Custodians for
some clients have alternative valuation procedures that will apply to accounts managed by FI. Some funds, including
the collective funds advised by FI, are subject to the valuation policies of their trustee or administrator.
Additional Information: Privacy
FI is committed to privacy and will only use information by which individuals can be identified (“Personal
Information”) in accordance with its Canada privacy and cookie policy located at
https://www.fisherinvestments.com/en-ca/privacy. This policy applies to its website and all interactions of Fisher
Investments with individuals in Canada.
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Form ADV Part 2A
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Additional Brochure: INSTITUTIONAL (2026-02-11)
View Document Text
Form ADV 2A
Brochure
6500 International Pkwy, Ste 2050
Plano, TX 75093
Phone: 800-851-8845 / 650-851-3334
Fax: 866-596-9715
www.fisherinvestments.com
February 11, 2026
This brochure provides information about the qualifications and business practices of Fisher Investments. If you
have any questions about the contents of this brochure, please contact us at 800-851-8845, or by email at
inst@fi.com. The information in this brochure has not been approved or verified by the United States Securities
and Exchange Commission (“SEC”), or by any state securities authority.
Fisher Investments is registered with the SEC as an investment adviser. Being registered with the SEC or any
other regulatory authority does not imply Fisher Investments has a certain level of skill or training.
Additional information about Fisher Investments is available on the SEC’s website at www.adviserinfo.sec.gov.
1
Material Changes
This section provides a summary of material changes that were made to this brochure since the last annual
update and is intended to help Clients determine if they want to review this brochure in its entirety, or
contact Fisher Investments with questions about the changes.
No material changes since the last Form ADV update.
Information about Fisher Investments is also available on the SEC’s website at www.adviserinfo.sec.gov.
To request a copy of the most recent disclosure brochure, contact us at:
Fisher Investments
6500 International Pkwy, Ste 2050
Plano, TX 75093
Phone: 800-851-8845 / 650-851-3334
Email: inst@fi.com
February 11, 2026
Form ADV Part 2A
2
Table of Contents
Advisory Business .............................................................................................................. 4
Fees and Compensation ...................................................................................................... 6
Performance-Based Fees and Side-By-Side Management ............................................... 10
Types of Clients ................................................................................................................ 10
Methods of Analysis, Investment Strategies and Risk of Loss ........................................ 11
Disciplinary Information .................................................................................................. 11
Other Financial Industry Activities and Affiliations ........................................................ 11
Code of Ethics, Participation or Interest in Client Transactions and Personal Trading ... 14
Brokerage Practices .......................................................................................................... 15
Review of Accounts .......................................................................................................... 18
Client Referrals and Other Compensation ........................................................................ 19
Custody ............................................................................................................................. 20
Investment Discretion ....................................................................................................... 20
Voting Client Securities.................................................................................................... 20
Financial Information ....................................................................................................... 21
Additional Information: Fair Valuation............................................................................ 21
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3
Advisory Business
Firm Description
Fisher Asset Management, LLC, doing business as Fisher Investments (“FI”), a privately held limited liability
company, is an investment adviser with primary offices in California, Florida, Texas and Washington. FI is
registered with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”); in Canada with the Alberta Securities
Commission, British Columbia Securities Commission, Manitoba Securities Commission, New Brunswick
Securities Commission, Newfoundland and Labrador Financial Services Regulation Division, Nova Scotia
Securities Commission, Ontario Securities Commission, Prince Edward Island Securities Office, Quebec Autorité
des Marchés Financiers, and Saskatchewan Financial Services Commission; and with the Netherlands Authority
for the Financial Markets. FI has a branch office registered with the Dubai International Financial Centre. Being
registered with the SEC or any other regulatory authority does not imply FI has a certain level of skill or training.
FI manages assets within different client groups: Institutional (including Personalized Retirement Outcomes) and
Private Client – including private clients in the US, UK, Canada, Europe, Saudi Arabia, Australia, New Zealand,
and Singapore. Collectively, these groups comprise a global client base of diverse investors including corporate,
public and multi-employer pension plans, retirement plan participants, foundations and endowments, insurance
companies, healthcare organizations, governments, investment companies and high net worth individuals. The firm
offers a broad array of US, non-US, and global equity and fixed income strategies with various capitalization and
style orientations. Founded in 1979, all strategies are supported by the firm’s global research platform developed
over its 40+ year history. Investment decisions are made by the firm’s five-member Investment Policy Committee
(“IPC”). In the mid-1990s, FI began offering separate portfolio management directly to high-net-worth individuals.
In early 2000, FI expanded service offerings into Canada and Europe.
The bedrock of FI’s business is based on maintaining a culture of ethics and integrity with the highest possible
emphasis on clear and transparent communications with the investing public. Embedded within the firm’s culture
is its embrace of the fiduciary duty to put client interests first. FI fosters a culture that hires, trains, and rewards
employees in direct support of the values of openness, honesty, integrity, and trust.
Principal Owners
Fisher Investments, Inc. owns more than 75% of the voting interests in FI, with legal entities controlled by
Advent International and the Abu Dhabi Investment Authority, respectively, owning the rest. In addition,
the CEO (as co-trustee, with his spouse, of a family trust) holds non-voting interests. Ken Fisher owns
more than 75% of the shares of Fisher Investments, Inc.
Types of Advisory Services
Fisher Investments Institutional Group (“FIIG”) provides discretionary management services for institutional
clients through the following strategies:
• All Foreign Equity (All Non-US Equity)
• All Foreign Equity ESG (All Non-US Equity ESG)
• All Foreign Equity Growth (All Non-US Equity
Growth)
• All Foreign Equity Small Cap Quant (All Non-US
Equity Small Cap Quant)
• All Foreign ex China Equity (All Non-US ex China
Equity)
• All Foreign ex China Equity Focused (All Non-US ex
China Equity Focused)
• All World Equity
• All World Equity ESG Leaders
• Global Quantitative Equity
• Global Quantitative Equity ESG
• Global Responsible Focused Equity ESG
• Global Shariah Equity
• Global Small Cap
• Global Small Cap ESG
• Global Small Cap ex-Japan
• Global Small Cap ex-Switzerland
• Global Small Cap Low Carbon
• Global Total Return
• Global Total Return ESG
• Global Total Return ex Japan
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Form ADV Part 2A
4
• Global Total Return Focused
• Global Total Return Focused ESG
• Global Total Return Responsible ESG
• Global Trade and Trend Equity
• Global Value Equity
• Mid Cap Value
• North America Equity ESG
• Small and Mid Cap Core
• Small and Mid Cap Core Equity ESG
• Small and Mid Cap Core Equity Low Carbon
ESG
• Small and Mid Cap Value
• Small Cap Core
• Small Cap Core ESG
• Small Cap Opportunities
• Small Cap Value
• UK Total Return
• US All Cap Equity ESG
• US All Cap Equity Focused ESG
• US Broad Fixed Income
• US Broad Fixed Income ESG
• US High Yield Debt
• US Large Cap Growth Equity
• US Large Cap Value Equity
• US Shariah Equity
• US Small Cap Capabilities ESG
• US Small Cap Equity
• US Small Cap Quant
• US Sustainable Equity Impact ESG
• US Total Return
• US Total Return ESG
• All World Equity ex-Japan
• All World Equity ex-Korea
• All World Equity Focused
• All World Equity Long/Short Market Neutral
• China A Share
• China All Share Equity ESG
• Emerging Markets Equity
• Emerging Markets Equity ESG
• Emerging Markets Equity Paris Aligned
• Emerging Markets ex China Equity
• Emerging Markets ex Taiwan Equity
• Emerging Markets Responsible Equity
• Emerging Markets Sovereign Debt (Hard Currency)
• European Equity
• Foreign Equity (Non-US Equity)
• Global (ACWI) All Cap
• Global (ACWI) All Cap ESG
• Global (ACWI) Equity ESG
• Global (ACWI) ex Australia Equity
• Global (ACWI) Focused Equity ESG
• Global (ACWI) Growth Equity
• Global (ACWI) Responsible Equity ESG
• Global (ACWI) Responsible Equity Focused
• Global (ACWI) Sustainable Equity Impact
• Global (ACWI) Value Equity
• Global Aggregate Fixed Income
• Global Equity ESG Catholic Values
• Global Equity ex-Canada
• Global Equity High Yield
• Global Equity Long/Short
• Global Equity Low Tracking Error ESG
• Global Growth Equity
FIIG also offers Personalized Retirement Outcomes (“PRO”) managed account service to US-based employer-
sponsored defined contribution retirement plans for use as the plan’s default investment option or as a participant
elective investment option. FIIG may also offer PRO Online Advice, a non-discretionary point-in-time advice
service, as an additional participant elective investment option available to retirement plans receiving PRO
managed account service.
FIIG offers Fisher Institutional Models for Retirement Plans, model portfolios, to US-based employer-sponsored
retirement plans. These model portfolios, which have investment growth objectives ranging from Conservative to
Aggressive, can be utilized as a retirement plan’s default investment option, an investment option selected at the
participant’s discretion, or by a managed account service making investment elections on the participant’s behalf.
FI serves as sub-manager to Fisher Investments Europe Limited (with respect to its institutional clients), Fisher
Investments Ireland Limited, Fisher Investments Luxembourg, Sàrl, and Fisher Investments GmbH, which manage
assets for clients in the UK and various European countries.
FI serves as sub-manager to Fisher Investments Australasia Pty Ltd, which manages assets for clients primarily in
Australia and various Oceanic countries.
FI is delegated a portion of portfolio management functions for Fisher Investments Japan, which manages assets
February 11, 2026
Form ADV Part 2A
5
for clients primarily in Japan.
FI provides investment management support to Fisher Investments Arabia, which manages assets for clients
primarily in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Throughout the client relationship, FI strives to keep clients apprised of its strategy and current market outlook. The
firm fosters a culture that focuses on maintaining transparency and openness for successful relationships and
stresses this as both a core company value and an expectation of all employees in their dealings with clients and
each other.
Assets under Management
FI manages client assets on a discretionary basis. As of December 31, 2025, FI managed a total of:
Institutional
Private Client
Total
Discretionary
Non-Discretionary
Total
$55,439,180,106
$0
$55,439,180,106
$331,230,543,932
$0
$331,230,543,932
$386,669,724,038
$0
$386,669,724,038
Fees and Compensation
Description
While at times FI may negotiate rates other than specified below, including sub-advisory clients, the following
schedule lays out FI's basic billing rates for FIIG clients:
Strategy: Global Equity Long/Short, All World Equity Long/Short Market Neutral
Management Fee
Performance Fee
1.00%
10% of excess return
Strategy: Small Cap Opportunities
First $150 million
Above $150 million
Annual Rate
1.25%
Negotiable
Strategy: All World Equity, All World Equity ESG Leaders, All World Equity ex-Japan, All World Equity ex-Korea,
All World Equity Focused, Global (ACWI) All Cap, Global (ACWI) All Cap ESG, Global (ACWI) Equity ESG, Global
(ACWI) ex Australia Equity, Global (ACWI) Focused Equity ESG, Global (ACWI) Growth Equity, Global (ACWI)
Responsible Equity ESG, Global (ACWI) Responsible Equity Focused, Global (ACWI) Sustainable Equity Impact,
Global (ACWI) Value Equity, Global Equity ESG Catholic Values, Global Equity ex-Canada, Global Equity High
Yield, Global Equity Low Tracking Error ESG, Global Growth Equity, Global Responsible Focused Equity ESG,
Global Shariah Equity, Global Total Return, Global Total Return ESG, Global Total Return ex Japan, Global Total
Return Focused, Global Total Return Focused ESG, Global Total Return Responsible ESG, Global Value Equity, Mid
Cap Value, Small and Mid Cap Core, Small and Mid Cap Core Equity ESG, Small and Mid Cap Core Equity Low
Carbon ESG, Small and Mid Cap Value, Small Cap Core, Small Cap Core ESG, Small Cap Value, US Small Cap
Capabilities ESG, US Small Cap Equity, US Small Cap Quant
First $25 million
Next $25 million
Annual Rate
0.85%
0.80%
February 11, 2026
Form ADV Part 2A
6
Next $50 million
Next $50 million
Above $150 million
0.75%
0.70%
Negotiable
Strategy: All Foreign Equity, All Foreign Equity ESG, All Foreign Equity Growth, All Foreign ex China Equity, All
Foreign ex China Equity Focused, European Equity, Foreign Equity
First $25 million
Next $25 million
Next $50 million
Next $50 million
Above $150 million
Annual Rate
0.75%
0.65%
0.60%
0.50%
Negotiable
Strategy: North America Equity ESG, US All Cap Equity ESG, US All Cap Equity Focused ESG, US Large Cap
Growth Equity, US Large Cap Value Equity, US Shariah Equity, US Sustainable Equity Impact ESG, US Total Return,
US Total Return ESG
First $25 million
Next $25 million
Next $50 million
Next $50 million
Above $150 million
Annual Rate
0.65%
0.60%
0.50%
0.40%
Negotiable
Strategy: UK Total Return
First $25 million
Next $25 million
Next $50 million
Next $50 million
Above $150 million
Annual Rate
0.65%
0.60%
0.55%
0.50%
Negotiable
Strategy: All Foreign Equity Small Cap Quant (All Non-US Equity Small Cap Quant), China A Share, China All Share
Equity ESG, Emerging Markets Equity, Emerging Markets Equity ESG, Emerging Markets Equity Paris Aligned,
Emerging Markets ex China Equity, Emerging Markets ex Taiwan Equity, Emerging Markets Responsible Equity,
Global Small Cap, Global Small Cap ESG, Global Small Cap ex-Japan, Global Small Cap ex-Switzerland, Global Small
Cap Low Carbon
First $25 million
Next $25 million
Next $50 million
Next $50 million
Above $150 million
Annual Rate
1.00%
0.95%
0.90%
0.85%
Negotiable
February 11, 2026
Form ADV Part 2A
7
Strategy: Global Quant, Global Equity ESG Quant
First $25 million
Next $25 million
Next $50 million
Next $50 million
Above $150 million
Annual Rate
0.75%
0.65%
0.60%
0.55%
Negotiable
Strategy: Emerging Markets Sovereign Debt (Hard Currency)
First $25 million
Next $25 million
Next $50 million
Above $100 million
Annual Rate
0.60%
0.55%
0.50%
0.45%
Strategy: US High Yield Debt
First $100 million
Above $100 million
Annual Rate
0.50%
0.45%
Strategy: US Broad Fixed Income, US Broad Fixed Income ESG
First $25 million
Next $25 million
Next $50 million
Above $100 million
Annual Rate
0.34%
0.30%
0.26%
0.25%
Strategy: Global Aggregate Fixed Income
First $25 million
Next $75 million
Above $100 million
Annual Rate
0.38%
0.35%
0.28%
Strategy: Global Trade and Trend Equity
First $50 million
Next $50 million
Above $100 million
Annual Rate
0.65%
0.60%
0.50%
For retirement plans utilizing the Personalized Retirement Outcomes services, the plan will pay an annual fee up to
0.80% assessed on the total assets managed by the service. The annual fee rate may vary depending on factors
such as total plan assets, number of participants, expected assets under management, service requirements, and fees
charged by other service providers necessary to deliver the service. The standard PRO fee is inclusive of fees
February 11, 2026
Form ADV Part 2A
8
charged by managed account technology and advice providers and plan recordkeeper for services they provide
specifically tied to executing the PRO services. However, at certain recordkeepers, the fees to the recordkeeper
and/or managed account technology and advice provider for services specifically tied to executing the PRO will be
paid by the plan and charged separate from or added to the standard PRO fee. If the PRO service invests
participant assets into funds which pay FI a management fee, FI will reduce the fee rate charged for the PRO
service by an amount equal to the management fee rate it receives from the funds.
For retirement plans utilizing the Fisher Institutional Models for Retirement Plans, the plan will pay FI an annual
fee up to 0.40% assessed on the total assets managed by the service. The annual fee rate may vary depending on
factors such as plan assets, number of participants, expected assets under management, service requirements, and
fees charged by other service providers necessary to delivering the service.
For those clients where Fisher Investments Europe Limited (FIE) serves as manager and FI serves as sub-manager,
FIE’s management fee will be set out in the client agreement and charged directly by FIE. A portion of such
management fee will be paid by FIE to FI for its sub-management services.
For those clients where Fisher Investments Ireland Limited (FII) serves as manager and FI serves as sub-manager,
FII’s management fee will be set out in the client agreement and charged directly by FII. A portion of such
management fee will be paid by FII to FI for its sub-management services.
For those clients where Fisher Investments GmbH (FIG) serves as manager and FI serves as sub-manager, FIG’s
management fee will be set out in the client agreement and charged directly by FIG. A portion of such
management fee will be paid by FIG to FI for its sub-management services.
For those clients where Fisher Investments Japan (FIJ) serves as manager and FI serves as sub-manager, FIJ’s
management fee will be set out in the client agreement and charged directly by FIJ. A portion of such management
fee will be paid by FIJ to FI for its sub-management services.
For those clients where Fisher Investments Australasia (FIA) serves as manager and FI serves as sub-manager,
FIA’s management fee will be set out in the client agreement and charged directly by FIA. A portion of such
management fee will be paid by FIA to FI for its sub-management services.
For clients where Fisher Investments Arabia (FISA) serves as manager and FI provides investment management
support, FISA’s management fee will be set out in the client agreement and charged directly by FISA. A portion of
such management fee will be paid by FISA to FI for its investment management support.
FI may negotiate certain fixed rates with clients that can apply to all asset levels. Certain clients who become
clients of FI as a result of its merger and acquisition activities may retain their prior fee schedules and therefore pay
higher or lower fees than other FI clients. FI may agree to offer certain clients a fee schedule that is lower than that
of any other comparable clients in the same investment style. FI may also choose to waive all or a portion of our
negotiated fee for a given period. FI may commit that it has provided and will continue to provide certain clients
the lowest available fee for a particular investment style and for comparable clients.
Fee Billing
Unless otherwise specified in the Investment Management Agreement between FI and a client (“IMA”), the
following section lays out FI’s basic procedure for billing FIIG clients.
Investment management account fees are normally based on a percentage of total assets managed for long
positions. For accounts invested in the Long/Short strategy, investment management account fees are based on the
combined market value of the separate long and short positions (short positions do not reduce the value of long
positions for this purpose), less the credit or proceeds received from the short sales that are not reinvested. Fees
may be calculated monthly, but generally fees are calculated quarterly, based on the market value using closing
prices at quarter end, at one-quarter of the annual rates listed above. The billable market value includes accrued
February 11, 2026
Form ADV Part 2A
9
interest and/or dividends. Generally, fees are billed and paid after they are earned.
Fees for the initial billing period will generally be calculated based on the number of calendar days from the initial
performance date until the end of the quarter at which a fee is calculated and billed unless otherwise specified in the
IMA. A fee will not be calculated and billed at the end of a quarter for which there are no assets in the client’s
account. Unless specified in the IMA, the net of contributions and withdrawals made in any day that are equal to or
greater than $50,000 will be prorated if the fee adjustment is greater than .0025% of the client’s quarter-end assets
under management by FI and the fee adjustment is greater than or equal to $100. For fees that are calculated
monthly, the fee adjustment must be greater than .00083% of the client’s month-end assets under management and
the other criteria must still be met.
Unless otherwise specified in the IMA, a client may terminate relations with FI at any time by notifying FI in
writing. At such time, FI will bill the client for services already rendered, prorated through the calendar day prior to
the date of termination, unless otherwise specified in the IMA. Since FI does not bill in advance, a refund of fees is
not applicable.
Other Fees
Clients will incur fees in addition to the management fee paid to FI, as stated above. Such fees can include
brokerage commissions, other custodian fees, and expenses for investing in exchange-traded funds or structured
notes. Retirement plan clients using the Personalized Retirement Outcomes services or the Fisher Investments
Retirement Models will also pay fees to plan administrators, record keepers, or other technology providers. FI does
not earn any of the foregoing fees. Please refer to the Brokerage Practices section below for additional information
on how FI selects brokers.
Performance-Based Fees and Side-By-Side Management
FI may accept performance-based fees for clients who specifically request it if appropriate. Performance-based
fee arrangements permit FI to receive compensation for unrealized appreciation as well as realized gains
and may create an incentive for FI to make riskier or more speculative investments. Managing accounts that
are charged a performance-based fee and accounts that are charged another type of fee, such as a fixed-rate fee,
presents certain conflicts of interest in managing these accounts at the same time. There is an incentive to favor
performance-based fee accounts. FI’s policies and procedures have been developed to ensure that all clients are
treated fairly and equally, and without regard to the fee type in determining trade allocation. Refer to the Order
Aggregation section below. FI reviews trade aggregation and allocations policies and procedures at least annually
to ensure adherence to firm procedures and that no client is being systematically favored.
Types of Clients
Description
FI has a global client base of diverse investors including corporations, retirement plans and participants, public and
multi-employer pension funds, foundations, endowments, governments, investment companies, and high-net-worth
individuals across America, Europe, Canada, Australia, Asia, and the Middle East.
Account Minimums
At present, the FIIG separate account minimum is USD $10,000,000, but smaller accounts may be
accepted at FI’s discretion. FIIG commingled vehicle minimums are typically set at USD $5,000,000, but
smaller investments may be accepted at FI’s discretion.
February 11, 2026
Form ADV Part 2A
10
Methods of Analysis, Investment Strategies and Risk of Loss
Methods of Analysis
FI uses both qualitative and quantitative tools to analyze markets, sectors, and securities. FI makes extensive use of
computers, computer peripherals, software, and computer databases in screening for securities worthy of
investment consideration. FI uses a centralized portfolio management system, which includes block trading,
portfolio management, and securities price data collection.
Investment Strategies
FIIG clients’ accounts are generally managed separately with their underlying investment strategies, restrictions, or
investment limitations defined within the investment management agreement. Investors within the funds managed
by FI described in the Affiliations section below are managed according to the investment strategy defined in the
offering documents.
The Fisher Investments Retirement Models provide risk-based asset allocation model portfolios ranging from
Conservative to Aggressive. Client model accounts are managed according to the investment objective of each
model and accepted client restrictions. The retirement assets managed by Fisher Investments Retirement Models
will be allocated to either bank maintained collective funds advised by FI or registered investment companies
managed by FI. The individual risked-based model account into which the retirement plan or retirement plan
participant assets are invested will be determined by the retirement plan, a discretionary investment manager hired
by the plan, or the individual participant.
The asset allocation decision for participants in plans using the Personalized Retirement Outcomes services is
based on various factors made available to FI or a managed account advice provider by the retirement plan, its
service provider or participants, including but not limited to, age, salary, savings rate, account balance, and state
income tax rate. Participants may also provide additional information, such as spouse’s age, other income sources,
outside investments, retirement age, and replacement income goals. These additional factors are provided through
an interactive online questionnaire and will impact how FI or a managed account advice provider allocates the
participant’s account among stock and bond funds. The retirement assets managed by the Personalized Retirement
Outcomes services will be allocated to either bank maintained collective funds advised by FI or registered
investment companies managed by FI.
Risk of Loss
Investing in capital markets involves risk of loss that each client should be prepared to bear. Investing in foreign
stock markets involves additional risks including political, economic, and currency risks, and differences in
accounting methods. Investing in fixed income instruments may involve certain costs and risks such as liquidity
risk, interest rate risk, and credit risk. Portfolios investing in derivatives could lose more than the principal amount
invested in those instruments. There can be no guarantee that a portfolio will meet its investment objectives or that
it will not suffer losses.
Disciplinary Information
Legal and Disciplinary
There have been no disciplinary events and no material legal events related to FI or any management person.
Other Financial Industry Activities and Affiliations
Financial Media
Ken Fisher, Michael Hanson, Aaron Anderson, and other senior members of the firm are regular contributors to
various media and publications globally. Fisher Investments can hold some or all of the securities mentioned
February 11, 2026
Form ADV Part 2A
11
in a particular article in client portfolios.
Affiliations
FI acts as the investment adviser for the Tactical Multi-Purpose Fund (“Tactical Fund”), organized as a non-
diversified series of Unified Series Trust established under the laws of Ohio by an Agreement and Declaration of
Trust dated October 17, 2002. FI may recommend to clients, or use its discretionary authority over clients’
accounts, to invest client assets in shares of the Tactical Fund. Clients may also restrict or prohibit investment of
their accounts in the Tactical Fund in writing. Additionally, FI acts as the investment adviser for the FI Institutional
Group Stock Fund for Retirement Plans, the FI Institutional Group ESG Stock Fund for Retirement Plans, the FI
Institutional Group Fixed Income Fund for Retirement Plans, and the FI Institutional Group ESG Fixed Income
Fund for Retirement Plans, each a diversified series of Unified Series Trust.
FI acts as the investment manager for the UK-based Purisima Investment Funds, an open-ended investment
company incorporated in England and Wales under registered number IC 162 and authorized as a Undertaking for
Collective Investment in Transferrable Securities (“UCITS”) by the UK Financial Conduct Authority, which is
comprised of three sub-funds: the Purisima Global Total Return Fund, the Purisima UK Total Return Fund, and the
Purisima EAFE Total Return Fund.
FI acts as the investment manager for the Purisima Investment Fund (CI) Limited, an open-ended investment
company established in Jersey, Channel Islands, as an Expert Fund in accordance with the Jersey Collective
Investment Funds Order 1995.
FI acts as the investment manager for the Fisher Investments Institutional Funds plc, an open ended investment
company with variable capital incorporated in Ireland under the Irish Companies Act 1963 to 2009 with registered
number 496650 and authorized as a UCITS by the Central Bank of Ireland, which is currently comprised of
twenty-four sub-funds: the FI Institutional Emerging Markets Equity Fund, the FI Institutional Emerging Markets
Equity Selection Fund, the FI Institutional Global Small Cap Equity Fund, the FI Institutional US Small Cap Core
Equity Selection Fund, the FIE All-Purpose Fund, the FI Institutional European Equity Fund, the FI Institutional
Global Equity Selection Fund, the FI Institutional Global Equity Focused Fund, the FI Institutional Global Equity
High Yield Fund, the FI Institutional Global Developed Concentrated Equity Selection Fund the FI Institutional
Global Developed Equity Selection Fund, the FI Institutional US Small and Mid-Cap Core Equity Fund, the FI
Institutional US Equity Selection Fund, the FI Institutional Emerging Markets Responsible Equity Fund, the
FI Institutional Global Sustainable Equity Impact Fund, the FI Institutional Quantitative Global Equity
Selection Fund, the FI Institutional Emerging Markets Hard Currency Government Bond Fund, the FI
Institutional US High Yield Bond Fund, the FI Institutional China A-Shares Equity Fund, the FI
Institutional US All Cap Equity Selection Fund, the FI Institutional Global Small Cap Equity Selection
Fund, the FI Institutional Global ex-US Equity Selection Fund, the FI Institutional Global Responsible
Equity ESG Fund, and the FI Institutional Global Developed Equity ESG Values Fund.
FI acts as the investment manager for the Fisher Investments Trust, a Delaware statutory trust, which currently has
eight series: FI Institutional Group Emerging Markets Equity Fund, the FI Institutional Group Foreign Equity
Fund, the FI Institutional Group Global Small Cap Equity Fund, the FI Institutional Group All Foreign Equity
Fund, the FI Institutional Group All Foreign Small Cap Equity Fund, the FI Institutional Group All Foreign Small
Cap Equity Quant Fund, the FI Institutional Group Emerging Markets Equity ESG Fund, and the FI Institutional
Group Emerging Markets Equity Opportunities Fund.
FI acts as investment adviser to the following bank-maintained collective funds: the Fisher Investments All
Foreign Equity Collective Fund; the Fisher Investments Emerging Markets Equity Collective Fund; the Fisher
Investments All World Equity Collective Fund; the Fisher Investments U.S. Fixed Income Collective Fund; the
Fisher Investments U.S. Equity Market Collective Fund, and the Fisher Investments U.S. Small and Mid Cap Core
February 11, 2026
Form ADV Part 2A
12
Equity Collective Fund. Each is a Fund established under the Fisher Investments Collective Trust. SEI Trust
Company is the trustee and manager.
FI acts as investment manager to the following Australian registered funds: the FIA Institutional Global Equity
Focused Fund, the FIA Institutional Global Small Cap Equity Fund, and the FIA Institutional Emerging Markets
Equity ESG Fund. Equity Trustees Limited is the Responsible Entity.
FI acts as investment manager to the following Australian registered funds: the Fisher Investments Australasia
Global Equity Focused Fund, the Fisher Investments Australasia Global Small Cap Equity Fund, and the Fisher
Investments Australasia Emerging Markets Equity ESG Fund. Equity Trustees Limited is the Responsible Entity.
Where FI manages a separate account and invests those assets in a fund it also advises or manages, FI would either
waive its separate account advisory fee on assets invested in the fund or reduce its fee paid by the funds to the
extent of any other advisory fee charged by FI on those assets. Where the Personalized Retirement Outcomes
service invests participant assets into funds which pay FI a management fee, FI will reduce the fee rate charged for
the Personalized Retirement Outcome service by an amount equal to the management fee rate it receives from the
funds.
FI owns Fisher Investments Europe Limited, doing business as Fisher Investments UK (“FIUK”), an investment
firm in the United Kingdom whose main activities are marketing FI’s and its own investment management services
to prospective private clients in the United Kingdom, including providing investment and pension transfer
recommendations and marketing its own investment management services to and managing assets for institutional
clients in the United Kingdom, Switzerland, and Belgium, which are sub-managed by FI. FI earns a sub-
management fee for the sub-management services it provides to FIUK.
FI owns Fisher Investments Australasia Pty Ltd (“FIA”), a financial services licensee in Australia whose primary
purpose is to manage assets for wholesale clients in Australia and wholesale investors in New Zealand that are sub-
managed by FI. FI earns a sub-management fee for the sub-management services it provides to FIA.
FI owns Fisher Investments Japan Limited (“FIJ”), a Delaware corporation with a branch in Japan that has a
discretionary investment management and investment advisory and agency licenses in Japan. FIJ’s primary
purpose is to manage assets for professional and general clients in Japan. FI earns a sub-management fee for the
sub-management services it provides to FIJ.
FI has a branch established in the Dubai International Financial Centre, whose primary purpose is to market FI’s
investment management services to prospective institutional clients in the Middle East.
FI owns Fisher Investments GmbH (“FIG”), an investment firm in Germany whose primary purpose is to
manage assets for private clients in Germany, Austria and Switzerland that are sub-managed by FI. FI earns a
sub-management fee for the sub-management services it provides to FIG. FIG owns Fisher Investments
Schweiz GmbH, a representative office of FIG that supervises the activities of tied agents that introduce
residents of Switzerland to FIG.
FI owns Fisher Investments Ireland Limited (“FII”), an investment firm in Ireland whose primary purpose is to
manage assets for private and institutional clients in Europe that are sub-managed by FI. FI earns a sub-
management fee for the sub-management services it provides to FII.
FI owns Fisher Investments Luxembourg, Sàrl (“FIL”), an investment firm in Luxembourg whose primary purpose
is to manage assets for private clients in Europe that are sub-managed by FI. FIL also engages in insurance
brokerage activities in France. FI earns a sub-management fee for the sub-management services it provides to FIL.
FI owns Fisher Investments Arabia (“FISA”), a capital market institution in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia whose
primary purpose is to manage assets for private and institutional clients in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. FI earns a
fee for investment management support it provides to FISA.
February 11, 2026
Form ADV Part 2A
13
FI owns Fisher Investments Singapore Pte. Ltd. (“FIS”), which holds a capital markets services license to conduct
fund management activity for accredited and institutional investors in Singapore. FI earns a sub-management fee
for the sub-management services it provides to FIS.
To improve fiduciary literacy and advance brand awareness, FIIG, from time to time, may sponsor, either
independently or with other managers, consultants, or advisers, training and educational programs and conferences
attended by retirement advisors and plan sponsor fiduciaries.
Code of Ethics, Participation or Interest in Client Transactions and Personal
Trading
Code of Ethics and Personal Trading
Ethics and integrity are the bedrock on which the rest of our business is built. When designated employees and
contractors of FI and its subsidiaries invest for their own accounts, conflicts of interest may arise between clients
and employees. As an investment adviser and mutual fund adviser, FI is subject to Rule 204A-1 of the Advisers
Act and Rule 17j-1 of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended. To comply with these requirements, FI
has adopted a Code of Ethics containing provisions reasonably necessary to prevent its “Access Persons,” as
defined in the Code of Ethics, from engaging in any act, practice or course of business prohibited by these Rules.
The Code of Ethics addresses investments by Access Persons in securities with particular rules for initial public
offerings and limited offerings.
In accordance with FI’s Code of Ethics, all Access Persons are required to have most security transactions,
including all common stock, options, corporate bonds, exchange traded funds, and trades in mutual funds where FI
is the sub-adviser to the fund company approved in advance by designated personnel involved in the trading
process. Access Persons and FI Principals have bought, owned, and sold securities in various publicly traded
corporations, including those held and traded in clients’ accounts or in the funds managed or advised by FI.
Access Persons and Principals may hold securities, which were purchased previous to their employment with FI,
and are now still held. Access Persons and Principals whose accounts are managed by FI may participate in block
transactions placed for clients. Additionally, Access Persons and Principals must submit all brokerage statements,
which reflect transactions for their benefit, to ensure this policy is implemented according to stated objectives. FI
will provide a copy of its Code of Ethics upon request.
FI has adopted policies and procedures designed to address potential conflicts that arise between FI and its minority
owners. These policies and procedures include information barriers designed to prevent the flow of portfolio
holdings and trading information between FI, its personnel and its minority owners; and restrictions relating to
brokerage selection and trading with entities under control of its minority owners. No assurance can be made that
any of FI’s current policies and procedures, or any policies and procedures that are established by FI in the future
will have their desired effect.
In addition to these explicit policies, we also stress ethics in our company vision statement, which states that “our
quest requires delivering unparalleled service, continuous education, and appropriate solutions to our clients and
always considering their interests first.” Likewise, ethics and integrity are a core component of employee
performance reviews, where they are listed as an explicit competency and factor directly into performance
evaluations.
Participation or Interest in Client Transactions
FI imposes restrictions upon itself, and all managed accounts that have a relationship with an FI Access Person or
Principal, to ensure the clients’ interests are considered before the interests of FI or any person associated with FI.
Such accounts are called proprietary accounts. They will trade in block trades with or after non-proprietary clients.
Exceptions may be made to liquidate certain previously held equity positions in proprietary accounts that cannot be
February 11, 2026
Form ADV Part 2A
14
blocked with non-proprietary clients provided a determination is made that no non-proprietary client will be
disadvantaged. All proprietary clients are aware of such trading practices. At no time will transactions be effected
in any manner such that FI or the FI Access Person could benefit at the expense of a non-proprietary client.
Political Contributions
FI personnel may make personal contributions to support political candidates or elected officials, including
candidates who may share the firm's views on issues related to its business interests. Designated personnel are
responsible for ensuring that their political activities comply with applicable laws restricting political contributions
and solicitations, as well as FI's policies and procedures.
Brokerage Practices
Selecting Brokerage Firms
FI generally determines both the brokers to be used to effect transactions for clients and the commissions at which
those transactions are to be effected. Brokers are selected on the basis of the clients’ interests, requirements and
preferences as well as FI’s assessment of the brokers’ execution and other services relative to the commission
charged for each trade. FI evaluates brokers’ fees and commission rates in light of rates other advisers could readily
obtain from brokers in general for similar transactions.
Each client’s investment advisory agreement generally gives FI full authority to determine (without
obtaining client consent or consulting with the client on a transaction-by-transaction basis) the brokers or
dealers through which all transactions for the client’s account will be executed. A client may, however,
direct FI in writing to execute transactions for the client’s account through a specified broker or dealer (the
“Specified Broker”). A client may choose to direct FI to execute transactions through a Specified Broker
if, for example, the client will be receiving investment management consulting services from such
Specified Broker.
FI has delegated a portion of its trading function for certain markets and securities to its affiliates, Fisher
Investments Luxembourg, Sàrl, Fisher Investments Japan Limited Branch in Japan and Fisher Investments
GmbH., subject to the oversight of FI.
Best Execution
Where a client authorizes FI to select the brokers and/or dealers through which transactions for the client’s account
are executed, FI allocates transactions to brokers and/or dealers for execution on such markets at such prices and at
such commission rates (which may be in excess of the prices or commission rates that might have been charged for
execution on other markets or by other brokers or dealers) as in the good faith judgment of FI are appropriate. FI
considers the selection of brokers and/or dealers based not only on the available prices and rates of brokerage
commissions, but also other relevant factors which can include:
(a) the execution capabilities of the brokers and/or dealers;
(b) the size of the transaction;
(c) the difficulty of execution;
(d) the operational facilities of the brokers and/or dealers involved;
(e) the risk in positioning a block of securities;
(f) custodial relationship; and
(g) the quality of the overall brokerage services provided by the broker and/or dealer.
FI may cause a client’s account to pay a broker or dealer a higher amount of commission for effecting a transaction
for the client’s account than another broker or dealer would have charged for effecting that same transaction if FI
determines in good faith that the amount of commission is reasonable in relation to the value of the brokerage and
research services provided by the broker or dealer, viewed in terms of either the particular transaction or FI’s
February 11, 2026
Form ADV Part 2A
15
overall responsibilities with respect to the accounts for which FI exercises investment discretion.
Where a client directs FI to effect transactions for the client’s account through a Specified Broker, FI does not
negotiate brokerage commissions with respect to transactions executed by the Specified Broker for the client’s
account. Rather, the client and the Specified Broker agree on the commission rate that the Specified Broker will
charge for transactions effected for the account. As a result, the client may pay higher commissions than those paid
by FI’s clients who have not directed FI to execute transactions through a specified broker or dealer depending
upon:
(a) the client’s arrangement with the Specified Broker;
(b) such factors as the number of securities, instruments, or obligations being bought or sold for the client,
whether round or odd lots are being acquired for the client, and the market for the security, instrument or
obligation; and
(c) the fact that the client will be foregoing any benefit from savings on execution costs that FI may obtain for
its clients through negotiating volume commission discounts on batched transactions.
In addition, the client may not receive the lowest available price with respect to certain transactions effected for the
client’s account. Clients that restrict the ability to execute trades for their accounts away from their custodian
through a prime broker services agreement may receive lower commissions for certain trades, but may also be
traded separately in a less advantageous manner than those trades which can be aggregated with other accounts that
allow for prime brokerage.
To the extent affiliates of FI place trades on behalf of client accounts, the affiliates will abide by their best
execution policy, which is substantially similar to FI’s best execution policy described above.
Soft Dollars
FI does not have any formal soft dollar arrangements where it uses a portion of commissions generated by trades
by clients’ accounts to pay specific amounts for research products and brokerage services from broker-dealers or
research vendors. However, broker-dealers that custody client assets or effect securities transactions provide their
own research services such as reports, access to website materials, and access to their analysts. In some cases, FI
uses that research if it is believed to be useful and of reasonable value, which can be considered a soft-dollar benefit
for FI even though there is no specific allocated amount of commissions in order for FI to receive those benefits
nor is there believed to be any impact to the transaction costs for our clients. Additionally, some broker-dealers
also provide FI with unsolicited research that FI considers to have limited value and does not use, which also are
technically considered soft dollar benefits for FI.
Generally speaking, all of FI’s clients benefit from research services provided to FI by the brokers and dealers who
effect transactions for FI’s client accounts. FI periodically considers the value and usefulness of proprietary
research services available through broker-dealers as part of assessing FI’s overall relationship with a broker-dealer
and the quality of services provided, but FI does not make specific trading or commission allocation decisions
based on the research provided. FI’s receipt of research services from brokers and dealers that effect transactions
for FI’s client accounts does not reduce FI’s customary research activities.
Order Aggregation
FI has adopted the following allocation policy and procedure for aggregating advisory clients’ trade orders.
• Orders will not be aggregated unless aggregation is consistent with our best execution duty and the
applicable advisory agreements.
• No advisory account will be consistently favored over any other account.
• Before entering an aggregated order, an electronic summary of the proposed allocation shall be made in
connection with that order.
February 11, 2026
Form ADV Part 2A
16
FI’s IPC determines the securities to be purchased and sold in client accounts where FI acts with discretion. FI will
aggregate all orders directed by the IPC by side, symbol, trade objective, strategy group, and/or business segment
(e.g., Institutional and Private Client Group) for trade routing as described below. Orders across Institutional
and Private Clients will not be blocked and will be executed separately.
FI uses Charles River (“CRD”) as its Order Management System (“OMS”). CRD facilitates the execution
of trades for the Institutional Group and Private Client Group (“PCG”).
• When discretionary institutional transactions are aggregated into blocks:
– The actual execution prices applicable to the aggregated transaction will be averaged, and each client
account participating in the aggregated transaction will be deemed to have purchased or sold its share
of the security, instrument, or obligation involved at that average price; and
– All transaction costs incurred in effecting the aggregated transaction shall be shared on a pro rata basis
among all participating accounts, except to the extent certain broker-dealers that also furnish custody
services impose minimum transaction charges applicable to some of the participating accounts.
Client direction and restrictions may result in different costs for a particular client.
• All discretionary institutional trades are allocated on a pure prorated order size basis. Each account is
allocated executed shares in direct proportion to the percentage of the overall block executed. Aggregated
orders receive one average price per broker unless multiple tickets were created with any one broker during
a rotational trade in which case aggregated orders would receive one average price per brokerage ticket.
Should there be multiple brokerage tickets, each would be prorated individually across participant accounts.
Trades will be allocated with the minimum whole share quantity as allowed by market round lot
conventions. Trading may, at its discretion, make small adjustments to the allocation procedure for accounts
with relatively small share counts to avoid excessive transaction costs or account for market round lot
conventions. This may result in an account receiving a full allocation, completing earlier than the rest of the
block.
• Orders modified down by the Portfolio Engineering Group will continue to receive pro-rata allocations on
the new number of shares. In cases where orders have been partially executed and an order needs to be
increased in size, the additional shares must be entered as a new order upon completion of the existing block
in full. New orders cannot be added to an existing partially completed block.
• Orders will be allocated on a basis different from the above only if all clients receive fair treatment and the
reason for the different allocation is approved by the PMG EVP or another IPC member in writing.
Common reasons for deviations include, but are not limited to, cash balance differences and relative
position sizes.
• During an IPC directed portfolio shift, Traders may be executing given order(s) over multiple days in a
rotation. During this time, trades may have to be placed within client accounts to accommodate client
requests that overlap with the "Rebalance” orders. Where these orders are deemed non-material/non-
impactful to the broader rebalance, the Portfolio Implementation Group will enter these orders as “Non-
Rebalance” to be executed outside of the rotation as a separate custodial block with a different average price
from the “Rebalance” orders.
• Client mandated orders are segregated and executed separately from existing blocks, typically at the market.
In cases where a custodian limitation prevents separate blocks from being executed, client directed orders
can be executed together with IPC directed orders.
• Due to occasional cash management issues, certain orders may require execution with a non-standard
settlement cycle. Trades that require non-standard settlement will be segregated from existing blocks.
• Trades placed as part of an account specific trading program will typically be executed and allocated
separately from existing IPC order blocks given the program rate is pre-negotiated with the broker, and the
program strategy is managed specific to the trading requirements of the given account.
February 11, 2026
Form ADV Part 2A
17
• The Portfolio Implementation Group may send orders intra-day to Trading for Execution. If a set of orders
is entered intra-day, and existing institutional orders for the same side and symbols are in progress at a
materially different average price, the new set of orders will be executed separately with a different average
price and at the discretion of Trading.
• Institutional accounts can request that FI not execute orders with specific brokers and/or direct a specified
percentage of commissions over a given period of time to certain brokers to which step-outs are not
allowed. In order to ensure best execution for all Institutional accounts without such restrictions, FI may
block such orders separately in order to comply with clients’ requests, particularly when the benefits of
executing with such brokers are unique to those given Institutional clients. These orders may also trade after
aggregated orders without broker restrictions
• If the custodian/broker receives multiple orders for the same side and symbol at different times and is
unable to average price all executions due to system limitations, it is permissible to book such trades at their
different, respective prices.
• Spot and forward FX trade orders will be completed on an as-needed basis in a manner intended to comply
with the Best Execution Policy and Procedure. FX trade orders for Institutional Clients are created in CRD
and sent to the FX Connect platform where they are aggregated by Currency Pair and Settlement Date and
executed. FI may block FX trade orders of such accounts separately from Institutional accounts with broker
or custodian restrictions.
• Books and records will reflect separately for each account the securities held, bought, and sold.
• Individual investment advice and treatment will be provided to each client’s account.
• FI does not participate in initial public offerings and therefore has no allocation policy with respect to such
offerings.
• No additional compensation or remuneration of any kind will be received by FI as a result of the procedure
referenced above.
• Sell short orders are not aggregated with sell orders.
• Institutional accounts that request FI not execute orders with affiliates of FI will have their orders blocked
separately and trade after orders with no such restrictions.
Trades executed by affiliates of FI (as described above under “Selecting Broker Firms” will be aggregated by the
affiliates with respect to multiple accounts and clients for which the same security is being traded. Trades executed
by the affiliates will not, however, be executed together with trades in the same security executed directly by FI.
Trading Errors
Trading errors sometimes happen for various reasons that will or will not be FI’s responsibility. FI handles trading
errors according to its trade error policy and procedure. For Institutional clients, trade errors are reviewed on a case-
by-case basis to determine the course of action to correct the error. In any event, the client will always be made
whole and soft dollars will never be used to correct trade errors
Review of Accounts
Periodic Reviews
Account information, including quantities and values of securities held, the amounts of cash and cash equivalents,
and account transaction activity for each client, is maintained in FI’s computer systems, except for participants in
the PRO service, where the plan recordkeeper is responsible for participant level information. This account
information is reconciled against statements or electronic files from appropriate custodial agents generally daily,
but no less than monthly.
February 11, 2026
Form ADV Part 2A
18
Review Triggers
All existing managed accounts are subject to periodic reviews depending on the criteria being evaluated. Most
reviews utilize computer-generated exception reports from FI’s portfolio management and accounting systems.
Cash balance, position count, position size, asset allocation, country weight, and sector weight reports are among
the measures periodically evaluated. Additionally, ad hoc reports supplement the review process. FI’s
Implementation department oversees the daily operations of the existing account review process.
The IPC consists of five members: the Executive Chairman, a Vice Chairman, an Executive Vice President, and
two Senior Vice Presidents. They collectively determine firm investment policy and are responsible for managing
broad investment strategies. All are actively engaged in securities and capital markets research contributing to the
review process.
Regular Reports
Clients receive a monthly or quarterly accounting showing asset value by security, unit cost, total cost, cash
balances, current per share values, etc. Clients are urged to compare the quarterly reports provided by FI with those
provided by their custodian and notify FI of any differences. Additionally, clients regularly receive Quarterly
Reviews, which include the IPC’s general economic outlook and current investment trends. Clients are encouraged
to phone or write FI as often as they deem necessary to receive information regarding the investment tactics and
strategies being followed. Upon specific client request, FI will prepare written portfolio analysis and reports to
satisfy the client's informational needs.
Client Referrals and Other Compensation
Referrals
From time to time, FI has client referral relationships with outside vendors and will pay a referral fee to these
vendors. There is no increase in fees that clients will pay to Fisher as a result of the referral fees that FI pays to
outside vendors. Conflicts of interest exist with respect to these referral relationships, as FI receives certain
economic benefits through its participation in these relationships. FI also has incentives for its personnel to solicit
and refer clients. FI occasionally pays a referral fee to third party solicitors. No referral fee is paid unless the referral
arrangement and any compensation paid are disclosed. FI’s participation in referral relationships does not reduce or
eliminate FI’s fiduciary duties to put the interests of its clients first and seek best execution in securities transactions
on behalf of its clients.
FI receives compensation to refer prospective clients and clients to non-affiliated investment advisers.
Conflicts of interest exist with these referral relationships. No referral will occur unless consent has been
obtained from the prospective client or client and the referral arrangement and any compensation paid is
disclosed.
Other Compensation
FI has obligations under referral programs with custodians with respect to certain clients, including certain clients
who become clients of FI as part of its merger and acquisition activities. Pursuant to such programs, FI is obligated
to pay the custodian an ongoing fee, usually as a percentage of the fees billed to the account or a percentage of the
assets in the account, with a one-time fee generally payable in the event the account is transferred away from such
custodian. Since the one-time fee is generally higher than the ongoing fee, FI will have an incentive to maintain the
account at the existing custodian.
FI receives very limited income from speaking, writing, and royalties—all related to finance and investing. Ken
Fisher receives royalties from his books. In addition, FI currently receives income for books published under Fisher
Investments Press, an imprint series published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
February 11, 2026
Form ADV Part 2A
19
Custody
Account Statements
FI is not a broker-dealer and does not take possession of client assets. FI client assets are housed in internationally
recognized brokerage firms and banks, otherwise known as custodians. FI has a limited power of attorney to place
trades on the client’s behalf. The custodian will issue trade confirmations and monthly statements directly to
clients, while the client’s account will be managed by FI. Clients are urged to compare the information in the
quarterly statements they receive from FI with the statements provided by their custodian.
Financial Statements
FI acts strictly as an investment adviser to the US and CAD private funds. The Funds have an independent
custodian and trustee. Financial statements are audited by an independent public accountant and distributed by FI
to all investors within the required US and Canadian regulatory time limits.
Investment Discretion
Discretionary Authority for Trading and Limited Power of Attorney
FI generally has limited power of attorney to act on a fully discretionary basis on clients’ behalf. When such limited
powers exist between FI and a client, FI chooses the amount and type of securities to be bought and sold to satisfy
account objectives. This is the case with most of FI’s clients. Additionally, FI accepts any reasonable limitation or
restriction to such authority placed by the client. Refer to the Methods of Analysis, Investment Strategies and Risk
of Loss section above. All limitations and restrictions placed on accounts must be provided to FI in writing.
The bank-maintained collective funds advised by FI are managed by SEI Trust Company (“SEI”), a trust company
organized under the laws of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania and regulated by the Pennsylvania Department of
Banking. SEI serves as trustee and maintains ultimate discretionary authority over the collective funds.
Voting Client Securities
Proxy Votes
Generally, except to the extent that a client otherwise instructs FI in writing, FI will vote (by proxy or otherwise) on
all matters for which a shareholder vote is solicited by, or with respect to, issuers of securities beneficially held in
client accounts in such manner as FI deems appropriate in accordance with its written policies and procedures.
These policies and procedures set forth guidelines for voting (or abstaining from voting) many typical proxy
proposals. FI regularly reviews these guidelines. In certain instances, the IPC will determine whether it is in the
client’s best interests to vary from the guidelines or the proxy issue will require individual case-by-case
consideration under the guidelines. Where a proxy proposal raises a material conflict of interest between the
interests of FI and its clients, FI will vote in accordance with the guidelines where FI does not have discretion to
vary from the guidelines. Alternatively, FI will obtain voting direction from Institutional Shareholder Services
(“ISS”), an independent third party proxy service provider, disclose the conflict of interest to the client and abstain
from voting, or obtain client consent prior to voting the securities. Clients may obtain a copy of FI’s proxy voting
policies and procedures and/or information on how FI has voted the client’s securities by written request to FI.
There may also be a variety of corporate actions or other matters for which shareholder action is required or
solicited and with respect to which FI may take action that it deems appropriate in its best judgment except to the
extent otherwise required by agreement with the client. These actions may include, for example, and without
limitation, tender offers or exchanges, and bankruptcy proceedings. Unless FI otherwise agrees in writing, FI will
not have any duty or obligation to advise or take any action on behalf of clients in any legal proceedings, including
bankruptcies or class actions, involving securities held in or formerly held in the account or the issuers of securities.
At the client’s written request, FI will assist with administrative matters regarding any settlement or judgment.
February 11, 2026
Form ADV Part 2A
20
Financial Information
Financial Condition
FI does not require or solicit prepayment of fees. FI is currently not in, nor has been historically in, a financially
precarious situation, or the subject to a bankruptcy petition.
Additional Information: Fair Valuation
In separate accounts and certain funds FI manages, FI is responsible for determining the fair value of illiquid
securities and other holdings in the unlikely event a price is not readily available or after a significant event
materially affects the value of a security between the time of its last sale on the exchange or market in which the
security trades, and the US market close. FI’s Valuation Committee meets as necessary when a price is not readily
available and will determine if the value of a security should be re-evaluated to reflect a more current fair market
value. Custodians for some clients have alternative valuation procedures that will apply to accounts managed by FI.
Some funds, including the collective funds advised by FI, are subject to the valuation policies of their trustee or
administrator.
February 11, 2026
Form ADV Part 2A
21
Additional Brochure: PRIVATE CLIENT (2026-02-11)
View Document Text
Form ADV 2A
Brochure
6500 International Pkwy, Ste 2050
Plano, TX 75093
Phone: 800-851-8845 / 650-851-3334
Fax: 650-529-1436
www.fisherinvestments.com
February 11, 2026
This brochure provides information about the qualifications and business practices of Fisher Investments. If you have
any questions about the contents of this brochure, please contact us at 800-851-8845, or by email at pcg@fi.com. The
information in this brochure has not been approved or verified by the United States Securities and Exchange
Commission (“SEC”), or by any state securities authority.
Fisher Investments is registered with the SEC as an investment adviser. Being registered with the SEC or any other
regulatory authority does not imply Fisher Investments has a certain level of skill or training.
Additional information about Fisher Investments is available on the SEC’s website at www.adviserinfo.sec.gov.
| 1
Material Changes
This section provides a summary of material changes that were made to this brochure since the last annual update and
is intended to help clients determine if they want to review this brochure in its entirety, or contact Fisher Investments
with questions about the changes.
No material changes since the last Form ADV update.
Information about Fisher Investments is also available on the SEC’s website at www.adviserinfo.sec.gov. To request a
copy of the most recent disclosure brochure, contact us at:
Fisher Investments
6500 International Pkwy, Ste 2050
Plano, TX 75093
Phone: 800-851-8845 / 650-851-3334
pcg@fi.com
February 11, 2026
Form ADV Part 2A
| 2
Table of Contents
Material Changes ................................................................................................................................................ 2
Advisory Business .............................................................................................................................................. 4
Fees and Compensation ..................................................................................................................................... 5
Performance-Based Fees and Side-By-Side Management .......................................................................... 7
Types of Clients .................................................................................................................................................. 7
Methods of Analysis, Investment Strategies and Risk of Loss .................................................................... 8
Disciplinary Information .................................................................................................................................... 9
Other Financial Industry Activities and Affiliations ...................................................................................... 9
Code of Ethics, Participation or Interest in Client Transactions and Personal Trading .......................... 12
Brokerage Practices .......................................................................................................................................... 13
Review of Accounts ......................................................................................................................................... 16
Client Referrals and Other Compensation .................................................................................................... 17
Custody ............................................................................................................................................................... 18
Investment Discretion ...................................................................................................................................... 18
Voting Client Securities ................................................................................................................................... 18
Financial Information ....................................................................................................................................... 19
Additional Information: Fair Valuation ......................................................................................................... 19
Privacy Notice .............................................................................................................................................. PN-1
ERISA Guide to Services and Compensation ........................................................................................ EG-1
February 11, 2026
Form ADV Part 2A
| 3
Advisory Business
Firm Description
Fisher Asset Management, LLC, doing business as Fisher Investments (“FI”), a privately held limited liability
company, is an investment adviser with primary offices in California, Florida, Texas and Washington. FI is registered
with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”); in Canada with the Alberta Securities Commission,
British Columbia Securities Commission, Manitoba Securities Commission, New Brunswick Securities
Commission, Newfoundland and Labrador Financial Services Regulation Division, Nova Scotia Securities
Commission, Ontario Securities Commission, Prince Edward Island Securities Office, Quebec Autorité des Marchés
Financiers, and Saskatchewan Financial Services Commission; and with the Netherlands Authority for the Financial
Markets. FI has a branch office registered with the Dubai International Financial Centre. Being registered with the
SEC or any other regulatory authority does not imply FI has a certain level of skill or training.
FI manages assets within different client groups: Institutional (including Personalized Retirement Outcomes) and
Private Client – including private clients in the US, UK, Canada, Europe, Saudi Arabia, Australia, New Zealand, and
Singapore. Collectively, these groups comprise a global client base of diverse investors including corporate, public
and multi-employer pension plans, foundations and endowments, insurance companies, healthcare organizations,
governments, investment companies and high-net-worth individuals. The firm offers a broad array of US, non-US,
and global equity and fixed income strategies with various capitalization and style orientations. Founded in 1979, all
strategies are supported by the firm’s global research platform developed over its 45+ year history. Investment
decisions are made by the firm’s five-member Investment Policy Committee (“IPC”). In the mid-1990s, FI began
offering separate portfolio management directly to high-net-worth individuals.
The bedrock of FI’s business is based on maintaining a culture of ethics and integrity with the highest possible
emphasis on clear and transparent communication with the investing public. Embedded within the firm’s culture is its
embrace of the fiduciary duty to put client interests first. FI fosters a culture that hires, trains, and rewards employees
in direct support of the values of openness, honesty, integrity, and trust.
A culture that fosters transparency is core to FI’s client service model. Every private client is assigned a dedicated
point of contact or team of service professionals who are available to answer questions in as much detail or as
frequently as the client would like. FI supplies clients with quarterly statements and written reviews from the
Investment Policy Committee. FI regularly creates written commentary and multimedia content with its Investment
Policy Committee detailing the firm’s market outlook, which expands on many of the themes in the quarterly reviews
and gives clients a chance to hear directly from portfolio decision-makers. For clients who are interested in greater
detail, FI offers a variety of additional market commentary through its website (fisherinvestments.com) and social
media channels.
For clients who would like to meet and hear from senior FI representatives directly, FI offers client seminars which
allow clients to review our market forecast and ask questions in an in-person presentation setting. FI also offers online
communication and education opportunities through Fisher Connect Webinars and Client Video Conferences.
Principal Owners
Fisher Investments, Inc. owns more than 75% of the voting interests in FI, with legal entities controlled by Advent
International and the Abu Dhabi Investment Authority, respectively, owning the rest. In addition, the CEO (as co-
trustee, with his spouse, of a family trust) holds non-voting interests. Ken Fisher owns more than 75% of the shares of
Fisher Investments, Inc.
Types of Advisory Services
FI provides investment management services for clients within the categories of equity, fixed income, and blended
accounts. All accounts have the goal of maximizing returns relative to risk compared to particular benchmarks.
February 11, 2026
Form ADV Part 2A
| 4
• Equity accounts seek to do this using primarily common stock and cash equivalents.
• Fixed income accounts use various fixed income instruments and cash.
• Blended accounts use primarily a combination of stock, fixed income instruments, and cash seeking to
maximize returns to risk.
FI manages money for clients in one of these three fashions based on individual discussions with each client about the
client’s overall financial goals. FI also may engage in various defensive strategies in each of these styles in an effort
to minimize losses or to seek investment returns. However, there are special risks involved with those defensive
strategies. Refer to the Methods of Analysis, Investment Strategies and Risk of Loss section below.
FI serves as sub-manager to Fisher Investments Europe Limited (with respect to its institutional clients), Fisher
Investments Ireland Limited, Fisher Investments Luxembourg, Sàrl and Fisher Investments GmbH which manage
assets for clients in various European countries, for Fisher Investments Australasia Pty Ltd, Fisher Investments Japan,
and Fisher Investments Singapore Pte. Ltd. FI provides investment management support to Fisher Investments
Arabia.
FI does not participate in formal wrap account programs, although we occasionally will agree to manage a
wrap account. A no-cost separate financial plan is offered to some clients.
FI may also, from time to time, recommend or make available ancillary services to clients through third parties. For
example, FI has arrangements with firms that can provide tax preparation services for FI’s clients.
Throughout the client relationship, FI strives to keep clients apprised of its strategy and current market outlook. The
firm fosters a culture that focuses on maintaining transparency and openness for successful relationships and stresses
this as both a core company value and an expectation of all employees in their dealings with clients and each other.
For certain clients with pre-existing or later-acquired concentrated holdings in one or more securities of a single
issuer, FI may recommend certain risk-limiting or diversification strategies such as Variable Prepaid Forwards
(VPFs) and collars. FI has a conflict of interest in recommending VPFs to the extent FI would manage the resulting
proceeds from a VPF and earn a fee from managing those additional assets.
Assets under Management
FI manages client assets on a discretionary basis. As of December 31, 2025, FI managed a total of:
Private Client
Institutional
Total
Discretionary
Non-Discretionary
$331,230,543,932
$0
$55,439,180,106
$0
$386,669,724,038
$0
Total
$331,230,543,932
$55,439,180,106
$386,669,724,038
Fees and Compensation
Description
While at times FI may negotiate rates other than specified below, the following schedule lays out FI’s private client
basic billing rates for one or more aggregated accounts owned by the same client:
Equity and Blended Accounts
Annual Management Fee
First $1 million
Next $4 million
Additional Amounts Over $5 million
1.25%
1.125%
1.000%
February 11, 2026
Form ADV Part 2A
| 5
Income Only Account in Excess of $5 million
Annual Management Fee
First $5 million
Next $10 million
Next $10 million
Next $10 million
Next $10 million
Next $45 million
0.75%
0.50%
0.43%
0.38%
0.33%
0.28%
Clients who have hired FI to manage multiple accounts contracted with the same fee schedule, can request to have
the accounts aggregated for the purpose of determining the applicable billing rates based on the combined value of
the accounts. All accounts aggregated for billing will be displayed on the billing invoice for each account.
FI typically targets clients with at least $1,000,000 in investable assets but will accept smaller client relationships at
FI’s discretion which will be billed at an annual rate of 1.50%. Clients with managed assets that fall below $900,000
due to withdrawal will be billed at the annual rate of 1.50%.
FI may negotiate certain fixed rates with clients that can apply to all asset levels. FI provides advisory services to
clients in a limited number of special situations for substantially reduced or no advisory fees. These include certain
accounts for friends of the firm, relatives or children of other clients, and legacy accounts that have been clients for
many years. Certain clients who become clients of FI as a result of its merger and acquisition activities may retain
their prior fee schedules and therefore pay higher or lower fees than other FI clients. FI will credit a portion of its
management fees to certain investors who incur charges to surrender annuities to have the proceeds managed by FI.
FI will not negotiate fees to manage a plan fiduciary’s personal assets in connection with plan assets.
Fee Billing
Investment management account fees are normally based on a percentage of total assets managed for long positions
(including cash balances) and do not deduct for margin debit balances (margin loans). For accounts invested in the
Long/Short strategy, investment management account fees are based on the combined market value of the separate
long and short positions (short positions do not reduce the value of long positions for this purpose), less the credit or
proceeds received from the short sales that are not reinvested. For accounts with short positions not invested in the
Long/Short strategy, both the current value of the short position and proceeds from the short sale are included when
determining the combined market value (short positions do reduce the value of the long positions for this purpose).
Fees are generally calculated and charged quarterly. Fees are based on the market value using closing prices at
quarter end, at one-quarter of the annual rates listed above. The quarter ending value includes accrued interest and/or
dividends. Fees are billed and paid after they are earned. Fees for the investment management services provided by
FI, which may begin before assets are received into the client’s account, are typically calculated and charged
beginning on the date the Letter of Agreement with FI (“LOA”) is signed by the client. The initial services include,
without limitation, conducting a comprehensive suitability evaluation with the client; analyzing the client’s assets,
goals, objectives, restrictions, and other circumstances; making investment recommendations; and providing updated
research to the client regarding FI’s views on the market. The fee will be calculated and deducted from the client’s
account each calendar quarter following the billing date as stated in the client’s LOA. The client may instead pay fees
from another account or via invoice by completing and submitting written instructions to FI.
Unless the LOA is signed on the first day of the calendar quarter, fees for the initial billing period will be calculated
based on the number of calendar days from the date the LOA is signed until the end of the quarter. A fee will not be
calculated and billed for an initial billing period if there are no assets in the client’s account or the number of billing
days in the period is less than 16. Instead, the following calendar quarter may be combined with the initial billing
period, making the billing period longer than the one calendar quarter depending upon when assets are received into
the account and FI begins trading in the client’s account. The fee will be calculated for that entire longer period based
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on the account value at the end of the following calendar quarter. Any net contributions or withdrawals made after the
initial billing period that is equal to or greater than $50,000 will be prorated if the fee adjustment is greater than
.0025% of the client’s quarter-end assets under management by FI and for the contributions/withdrawals greater than
or equal to $100.
In general, a client may terminate the LOA with FI at any time by notifying FI in writing. At such time, FI will bill
the client for services already rendered, prorated through the calendar day prior to the date of termination. Since FI
does not bill in advance, a refund of fees is not applicable.
Other Fees
Clients will incur fees in addition to the management fee paid to FI, as stated above. Such fees can include
brokerage commissions, other custodian fees, and expenses for investing in exchange traded funds or structured
notes. FI does not earn any of the foregoing fees. Please refer to the Brokerage Practices section below.
FI will waive its separate account advisory fee to the extent accounts indirectly pay an advisory fee by investing in
shares of the funds managed by FI described in the Affiliations section below that pay FI an advisory fee. FI may
instead reduce its advisory fee payable by the funds. Clients would pay for all the operating and other expenses
associated with an investment in the funds as well as with the separate account.
The use of defensive strategies may increase trading activity, and thus, the recognition (for income tax purposes) of
gains and losses, and increase other expenses (such as brokerage charges) compared to accounts that do not use these
techniques. Refer to the Methods of Analysis, Investment Strategies and Risk of Loss section below.
Performance-Based Fees and Side-By-Side Management
FI does not typically charge performance-based fees for private client accounts but may for institutional clients
who specifically request it if appropriate. Performance-based fee arrangements permit FI to receive compensation
for unrealized appreciation as well as realized gains and may create an incentive for FI to make riskier or more
speculative investments. Managing accounts that are charged a performance-based fee and accounts that are
charged another type of fee, such as a fixed-rate fee, presents certain conflicts of interest in managing these
accounts at the same time. There is an incentive to favor performance-based fee accounts. FI’s policies and
procedures have been developed to ensure that all clients are treated fairly and equally, and without regard to the
fee type in determining trade allocation. Refer to the Order Aggregation section below. FI reviews trade
aggregation and allocation policies and procedures at least annually to ensure adherence to firm procedures and
that no client is being systematically favored.
Types of Clients
Description
FI has a global client base of diverse investors in an advisory and sub-advisory role including corporations,
retirement plans, public and multi-employer pension funds, foundations, endowments, governments, investment
companies and high-net-worth individuals across America, Europe, Canada, Asia, Australia, and the Middle East.
Account Minimums
At present, The Private Client Group (PCG) targets aggregated accounts with at least $1,000,000 in
investable assets owned by a client, but may accept smaller values at FI’s discretion.
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Methods of Analysis, Investment Strategies and Risk of Loss
Methods of Analysis
FI uses both qualitative and quantitative tools to analyze markets, sectors, and securities. FI makes extensive use of
computers, computer peripherals, software, and computer databases in screening for securities worthy of investment
consideration. FI uses a centralized portfolio management system, which includes block trading, portfolio
management, and securities price data collection.
Investment Strategies
Private clients are generally invested in an equity, fixed income, or blended account based on their individual
financial goals and objectives, restrictions, or investment limitations as expressed by the client. FI can adjust its
investment strategy for each client as appropriate depending on its forward-looking view of market conditions. For
equity and blended accounts, FI seeks to maximize opportunity and manage risk by investing globally to take
advantage of worldwide opportunities by investing in equities, fixed income securities, structured products, or other
derivatives that can include leverage. However, if FI forecasts a bear market on the horizon, a defensive approach
may be taken. FI’s goal is simply to help clients achieve their financial goals, regardless of market conditions.
FI uses investment benchmarks as a framework for constructing client portfolios, managing portfolio risk, and
monitoring client portfolio performance by comparing rates of return over time. FI can provide information about
particular investment benchmarks and how they are selected and constituted upon request.
For taxable portfolios, FI balances individual client considerations and tax management objectives while maintaining
appropriate portfolio positioning. The tax management process includes frequent review of portfolio holdings and
tax situation to identify opportunities to generate losses where available and defer gains where practical. Transactions
are aimed at minimizing the realization of short-term gains. Throughout this process, FI maintains controls to help
maintain portfolio positioning aligned with the underlying strategy’s intended style, country, sector, and individual
security exposure. FI strives to achieve a similar pre-tax return to the underlying strategy while working to improve
after-tax return and relies on the accuracy of the information clients provide regarding their tax circumstances. The
benefits of this strategy could be reduced due to changes in tax codes and rates or changes to a client’s financial or tax
circumstances.
Any securities sold to realize losses will be temporarily restricted in the account where they were sold for a short
period in order to avoid forfeiture of the realized losses and increasing the deferred tax liability for clients (the “wash-
sale rule”). In order to maintain market exposure during the wash-sale rule restriction period, FI will reinvest
proceeds into the portfolio in accordance with the client’s goals and objectives. After the wash-sale period has passed,
FI may choose to maintain the new security or re-purchase the original security, whichever it believes is best for the
portfolio.
FI may conduct additional targeted tax loss harvesting at its discretion in taxable accounts to help further lower client
tax burdens. Clients will receive notice in advance of the implementation of this process and can opt-out at that time.
Clients can also mandate tax-loss harvesting in their taxable accounts managed by FI at any time.
The use of tax management strategies will increase trading activity and potentially increase transaction expenses.
If FI forecasts a prolonged and substantial downturn for the U.S. and/or the foreign stock markets, it may adopt a
defensive strategy for clients’ equity accounts by investing substantially in fixed income securities, money market
instruments, structured or exchange traded notes, put options, or other derivatives on securities or indexes or
exchange traded funds, selling short securities or exchange traded funds, and other hedging techniques. FI may also
invest clients’ accounts in shares of the Tactical Multi-Purpose Fund using its discretionary investment authority,
which employ these various defensive investments. There can be no guarantee that FI will accurately forecast any
prolonged and substantial downturn in the market, or that the use of derivatives and other defensive techniques would
be successful in avoiding losses. These defensive strategies may be used for a client’s account only to the extent not
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prohibited by the LOA, custodial limitations, and applicable law. Clients may specifically request, in writing, FI to
limit or avoid the use of these defensive techniques in their accounts.
Derivatives typically derive their value from the performance of an underlying asset, interest rates, or index. A
client’s account would lose the premium or other transaction costs related to the purchase of an option – a type of
derivative - that expires worthless. The price movements of derivatives may be more volatile than those of other
securities, and result in increased investment risk. Many of these investments do not enjoy as much liquidity as other
securities; although, consistent with its investment strategy, FI will seek to invest in liquid investments to the extent
they represent the best investment option in FI’s view. FI will normally cause client accounts to “cover” options they
write with the underlying security and other liquid assets.
Short sales may be used to fully or partially hedge other investments in a client’s equity or blended account or to seek
returns unrelated to other investments. “Short sales” means borrowing a security and selling it. Short sales result in
profits or losses depending on whether the price of the security increases versus the price at the time of the short sale
(which results in a loss) or decreases versus the price at the time of the short sale (which results in a gain). The loss
from a short sale is theoretically unlimited depending on how much the security sold short increases in value. Clients
may specifically request, in writing, FI to limit or avoid the use of short sales in their accounts.
Structured and exchange traded notes are debt instruments whose return is derived from the performance of a
reference index or other underlying securities or investments. The performance of a note is determined primarily by
the performance of the underlying investments; therefore, despite technically being a corporate debt instrument, notes
can be designed to provide returns similar to other asset classes. These notes include leverage, which potentially
increases risk and volatility. These notes are issued by third-party financial institutions and thus bear the credit risk of
those entities. Though FI may choose the nature of the note and define the underlying investments, the third-party
financial institution will manage the note and charge a management fee to do so. Financing and other charges also
apply depending on the nature of the note and its construction.
Risk of Loss
Investing in capital markets involves risk of loss that each client should be prepared to bear. Investing in foreign stock
markets involves additional risks including political, economic, and currency risks, as well as differences in
accounting methods. Investing in fixed income instruments may involve certain costs and risks such as liquidity risk,
interest rate risk, and credit risk. Portfolios investing in derivatives could lose more than the principal amount
invested in those instruments. There can be no guarantee that a portfolio will meet its investment objectives or that it
will not suffer losses.
Disciplinary Information
Legal and Disciplinary
There have been no disciplinary events and no material legal events related to FI or any management person.
Other Financial Industry Activities and Affiliations
Financial Media
Ken Fisher, Aaron Anderson, and other senior members of the firm are regular contributors to various media and
publications globally. Fisher Investments can hold some or all of the securities mentioned in a particular article in
client portfolios.
Affiliations
FI acts as the investment adviser for the Tactical Multi-Purpose Fund (“Tactical Fund”), organized as a non-
diversified series of Unified Series Trust established under the laws of Ohio by an Agreement and Declaration of
Trust dated October 17, 2002. FI may recommend to clients, or use its discretionary authority over clients’ accounts,
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to invest client assets in shares of the Tactical Fund. Clients may also restrict or prohibit investment of their accounts
in the Tactical Fund in writing. Additionally, FI acts as the investment adviser for the FI Institutional Group Stock
Fund for Retirement Plans, the FI Institutional Group ESG Stock Fund for Retirement Plans, the FI Institutional
Group Fixed Income Fund for Retirement Plans, and the FI Institutional Group ESG Fixed Income Fund for
Retirement Plans, each a diversified series of Unified Series Trust.
FI acts as the investment manager for the UK-based Purisima Investment Funds, an open-ended investment company
incorporated in England and Wales under registered number IC 162 and authorized as a Undertaking for Collective
Investment in Transferrable Securities (“UCITS”) by the UK Financial Conduct Authority, which is comprised of
three sub-funds: the Purisima Global Total Return Fund, the Purisima UK Total Return Fund, and the Purisima
EAFE Total Return Fund.
FI acts as the investment manager for the Purisima Investment Fund (CI) Limited, an open-ended investment
company established in Jersey, Channel Islands, as an Expert Fund in accordance with the Jersey Collective
Investment Funds Order 1995.
FI acts as the investment manager for the Fisher Investments Institutional Funds plc, an open ended investment
company with variable capital incorporated in Ireland under the Irish Companies Act 1963 to 2009 with registered
number 496650 and authorized as a UCITS by the Central Bank of Ireland, which is currently comprised of twenty-
four sub-funds: the FI Institutional Emerging Markets Equity Fund, the FI Institutional Emerging Markets Equity
Selection Fund, , the FI Institutional Global Small Cap Equity Fund, the FI Institutional US Small Cap Core Equity
Selection Fund, the FIE All-Purpose Fund, the FI Institutional European Equity Fund, the FI Institutional Global
Equity Selection Fund, the FI Institutional Global Equity Focused Fund, the FI Institutional Global Equity High
Yield Fund, the FI Institutional Global Developed Concentrated Equity Selection Fund the FI Institutional Global
Developed Equity Selection Fund, the FI Institutional US Small and Mid-Cap Core Equity Fund, the the FI
Institutional US Equity Selection Fund, the FI Institutional Emerging Markets Responsible Equity Fund, the FI
Institutional Global Sustainable Equity Impact Fund, the FI Institutional Quantitative Global Equity
Selection Fund, the FI Institutional Emerging Markets Hard Currency Government Bond Fund, the FI
Institutional US High Yield Bond Fund, the FI Institutional China A-Shares Equity Fund, the FI Institutional
US All Cap Equity Selection Fund, the FI Institutional Global Small Cap Equity Selection Fund, the FI
Institutional Global ex-US Equity Selection Fund, the FI Institutional Global Responsible Equity ESG Fund,
and the FI Institutional Global Developed Equity ESG Values Fund.
FI acts as the investment manager for the Fisher Investments Trust, a Delaware statutory trust, which currently has
eight series: FI Institutional Group Emerging Markets Equity Fund, the FI Institutional Group Foreign Equity Fund,
the FI Institutional Group Global Small Cap Equity Fund, the FI Institutional Group All Foreign Equity Fund, the FI
Institutional Group All Foreign Small Cap Equity Fund, the FI Institutional Group All Foreign Small Cap Equity
Quant Fund, the FI Institutional Group Emerging Markets Equity ESG Fund, and the FI Institutional Group
Emerging Markets Equity Opportunities Fund.
FI acts as investment adviser to the following bank-maintained collective funds: the Fisher Investments All Foreign
Equity Collective Fund; the Fisher Investments Emerging Markets Equity Collective Fund; the Fisher Investments
All World Equity Collective Fund; the Fisher Investments U.S. Fixed Income Collective Fund; the Fisher
Investments U.S. Equity Market Collective Fund, and the Fisher Investments U.S. Small and Mid Cap Core Equity
Collective Fund. Each is a Fund established under the Fisher Investments Collective Trust. SEI Trust Company is
the trustee and manager.
FI acts as investment manager to the following Australian registered funds: the FIA Institutional Global Equity
Focused Fund, the FIA Institutional Global Small Cap Equity Fund, and the FIA Institutional Emerging Markets
Equity ESG Fund. Equity Trustees Limited is the Responsible Entity.
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FI acts as investment manager to the following Australian registered funds: the Fisher Investments Australasia Global
Equity Focused Fund, the Fisher Investments Australasia Global Small Cap Equity Fund, and the Fisher Investments
Australasia Emerging Markets Equity ESG Fund. Equity Trustees Limited is the Responsible Entity.
Where FI manages a separate account and invests those assets in a fund it also advises or manages, FI would either
waive its separate account advisory fee on assets invested in the fund or reduce its fee paid by the funds to the extent
of any other advisory fee charged by FI on those assets. Where the Personalized Retirement Outcomes service invests
participant assets into funds which pay FI a management fee, FI will reduce the fee rate charged for the Personalized
Retirement Outcome service by an amount equal to the management fee rate it receives from the funds.
FI owns Fisher Investments Europe Limited, doing business as Fisher Investments UK (“FIUK”), an investment firm
in the United Kingdom whose main activities are marketing FI’s and its own investment management services to
prospective private clients in the United Kingdom, including providing investment and pension transfer
recommendations and marketing its own investment management services to and managing assets for institutional
clients in the United Kingdom, Switzerland, and Belgium, which are sub-managed by FI. FI earns a sub-management
fee for the sub-management services it provides to FIUK.
FI owns Fisher Investments Australasia Pty Ltd (“FIA”), a financial services licensee in Australia whose primary
purpose is to manage assets for wholesale clients in Australia and wholesale investors in New Zealand that are sub-
managed by FI. FI earns a sub-management fee for the sub-management services it provides to FIA.
FI owns Fisher Investments Japan Limited (“FIJ”), a Delaware corporation with a branch in Japan that has a
discretionary investment management and investment advisory and agency licenses in Japan. FIJ’s primary purpose
is to manage assets for professional and general clients in Japan. FI earns a sub-management fee for the sub-
management services it provides to FIJ.
FI has a branch established in the Dubai International Financial Centre, whose primary purpose is to market FI’s
investment management services to prospective institutional clients in the Middle East.
FI owns Fisher Investments GmbH (“FIG”), an investment firm in Germany whose primary purpose is to
manage assets for private clients in Germany, Austria and Switzerland that are sub-managed by FI. FI earns a
sub-management fee for the sub-management services it provides to FIG. FIG owns Fisher Investments Schweiz
GmbH, a representative office of FIG that supervises the activities of tied agents that introduce residents of
Switzerland to FIG.
FI owns Fisher Investments Ireland Limited (“FII”), an investment firm in Ireland whose primary purpose is to
manage assets for private and institutional clients in Europe that are sub-managed by FI. FI earns a sub-management
fee for the sub-management services it provides to FII.
FI owns Fisher Investments Luxembourg, Sàrl (“FIL”), an investment firm in Luxembourg whose primary purpose is
to manage assets for private clients in Europe that are sub-managed by FI. FIL also engages in insurance brokerage
activities in France. FI earns a sub-management fee for the sub-management services it provides to FIL.
FI owns Fisher Investments Arabia (“FISA”), a capital market institution in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia whose
primary purpose is to manage assets for private and institutional clients in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. FI earns a
fee for investment management support it provides to FISA.
FI owns Fisher Investments Singapore Pte. Ltd. (“FIS”), which holds a capital markets services license to conduct
fund management activity for accredited and institutional investors in Singapore. FI earns a sub-management fee for
the sub-management services it provides to FIS.
To improve fiduciary literacy and advance brand awareness, the Fisher Investments Institutional Group, from time to
time, may sponsor, either independently or with other managers, consultants, or advisers, training and educational
programs and conferences attended by retirement advisors and plan sponsor fiduciaries.
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Code of Ethics, Participation or Interest in Client Transactions and
Personal Trading
Code of Ethics and Personal Trading
Ethics and integrity are the bedrock on which the rest of our business is built. When designated employees and
contractors of FI and its subsidiaries invest for their own accounts, conflicts of interest may arise between clients and
employees. As an investment adviser and mutual fund adviser, FI is subject to Rule 204A-1 of the Advisers Act and
Rule 17j-1 of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended. To comply with these requirements, FI has adopted
a Code of Ethics containing provisions reasonably necessary to prevent its “Access Persons,” as defined in the Code
of Ethics, from engaging in any act, practice or course of business prohibited by these Rules. The Code of Ethics
addresses investments by Access Persons in securities with particular rules for initial public offerings and limited
offerings.
In accordance with FI’s Code of Ethics, all Access Persons are required to have most security transactions including
all common stock, options, corporate bonds, exchange traded funds, and trades in mutual funds where FI is the sub-
adviser to the fund company approved in advance by designated personnel involved in the trading process. Access
Persons and FI Principals have bought, owned, and sold securities in various publicly traded corporations, including
those held and traded in clients’ accounts or in the funds managed or advised by FI.
Access Persons and Principals may hold securities, which were purchased previous to their employment with FI, and
are now still held. Access Persons and Principals whose accounts are managed by FI may participate in block
transactions placed for clients. Additionally, Access Persons and Principals must submit all brokerage statements,
which reflect transactions for their benefit, to ensure this policy is implemented according to stated objectives. FI will
provide a copy of its Code of Ethics upon request.
FI has adopted policies and procedures designed to address potential conflicts that arise between FI and its minority
owners. These policies and procedures include information barriers designed to prevent the flow of portfolio holdings
and trading information between FI, its personnel and its minority owners; and restrictions relating to brokerage
selection and trading with entities under control of its minority owners. No assurance can be made that any of FI’s
current policies and procedures, or any policies and procedures that are established by FI in the future will have their
desired effect.
In addition to these explicit policies, we also stress ethics in our company vision statement, which states that “our
quest requires delivering unparalleled service, continuous education, and appropriate solutions to our clients and
always considering their interests first.” Likewise, ethics and integrity are a core component of employee
performance reviews, where they are listed as an explicit competency and factor directly into performance
evaluations.
Participation or Interest in Client Transactions
FI imposes restrictions upon itself and all managed accounts that have a relationship with an FI Access Person or
Principal to ensure the clients’ interests are considered before the interests of FI or any person associated with FI.
Such accounts are called proprietary accounts. They will trade in block trades with or after non-proprietary clients.
Exceptions may be made to liquidate certain previously held equity positions in proprietary accounts that cannot be
blocked with non-proprietary clients provided a determination is made that no non-proprietary client will be
disadvantaged. All proprietary clients are aware of such trading practices. At no time will transactions be effected in
any manner such that FI or the FI Access Person could benefit at the expense of a non-proprietary client.
Political Contributions
FI personnel may make personal contributions to support political candidates or elected officials, including
candidates who may share the firm's views on issues related to its business interests. Designated personnel are
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responsible for ensuring that their political activities comply with applicable laws restricting political contributions
and solicitations, as well as FI's policies and procedures.
Brokerage Practices
Selecting Brokerage Firms
FI generally determines both the brokers to be used to effect transactions for clients and the commissions at which
those transactions are to be effected. Brokers are selected on the basis of the clients’ interests, requirements and
preferences as well as FI’s assessment of the brokers execution and other services relative to the commission charged
for each trade. FI evaluates brokers’ fees and commission rates in light of rates other advisers could readily obtain
from brokers in general for similar transactions.
Each client’s investment advisory agreement generally gives FI full authority to determine (without obtaining client
consent or consulting with the client on a transaction-by-transaction basis) the brokers or dealers through which all
transactions for the client’s account will be executed. A client may, however, direct FI to execute transactions for the
client’s account through a specified broker or dealer (the “Specified Broker”). A client may choose to direct FI in
writing to execute transactions through a Specified Broker if, for example, the client will be receiving investment
management consulting services from such Specified Broker.
FI has delegated a portion of its trading function for certain markets and securities to its affiliates, Fisher Investments
Luxembourg, Sàrl, Fisher Investments Japan Limited Branch in Japan and Fisher Investments GmbH., subject to
the oversight of FI.
Best Execution
Where a client authorizes and the custodian does not restrict FI to select the brokers and/or dealers through which
transactions for the client’s account are executed, FI allocates transactions to brokers and/or dealers for execution on
such markets at such prices and at such commission rates (which may be in excess of the prices or commission rates
that might have been charged for execution on other markets or by other brokers or dealers) as in the good faith
judgment of FI are appropriate. FI considers the selection of brokers and/or dealers based not only on the available
prices and rates of brokerage commissions, but also other relevant factors which can include:
(a) the execution capabilities of the brokers and/or dealers;
(b) the size of the transaction
(c) the difficulty of execution;
(d) the operational facilities of the brokers and/or dealers involved;
(e) the risk in positioning a block of securities;
(f) custodial relationship; and
(g) the quality of the overall brokerage services provided by the broker and/or dealer.
FI may cause a client’s account to pay a broker or dealer a higher amount of commission for effecting a transaction
for the client’s account than another broker or dealer would have charged for effecting that same transaction if FI
determines in good faith that the amount of commission is reasonable in relation to the value of the brokerage and
research services provided by the broker or dealer, viewed in terms of either the particular transaction or FI’s overall
responsibilities with respect to the accounts for which FI exercises investment discretion.
Where a client directs FI to effect transactions for the client’s account through a Specified Broker, FI does not
negotiate brokerage commissions with respect to transactions executed by the Specified Broker for the client’s
account. Rather, the client and the Specified Broker agree on the commission rate that the Specified Broker will
charge for transactions effected for the account. As a result, the client may pay higher commissions than those paid
by FI’s clients who have not directed FI to execute transactions through a specified broker or dealer depending upon:
(a) the client’s arrangement with the Specified Broker;
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(b) such factors as the number of securities, instruments, or obligations being bought or sold for the client,
whether round or odd lots are being acquired for the client and the market for the security, instrument or
obligation; and
(c) the fact that the client will be foregoing any benefit from savings on execution costs that FI may obtain for its
clients through negotiating volume commission discounts on batched transactions.
In addition, the client may not receive the lowest available price with respect to certain transactions effected for the
client’s account. Clients that restrict the ability to execute trades for their accounts away from their custodian through
a prime broker services agreement may receive lower commissions for certain trades, but may also be traded
separately in a less advantageous manner than those trades which can be aggregated with other accounts that allow
for prime brokerage. Smaller size and certain other accounts are not eligible for prime brokerage.
To the extent affiliates of FI place trades on behalf of client accounts, the affiliates will abide by their best execution
policy, which is substantially similar to FI’s best execution policy described above.
Soft Dollars
FI does not have any formal soft dollar arrangements where it uses a portion of commissions generated by trades
by clients’ accounts to pay specific amounts for research products and brokerage services from broker-dealers or
research vendors. However, broker-dealers that custody client assets or effect securities transactions provide their
own research services such as reports, access to website materials, and access to their analysts. In some cases, FI
uses that research if it is believed to be useful and of reasonable value, which can be considered a soft-dollar
benefit for FI even though there is no specific allocated amount of commissions in order for FI to receive those
benefits nor is there believed to be any impact to the transaction costs for our clients. Additionally, some broker-
dealers also provide FI with unsolicited research that FI considers to have limited value and does not use, which
also are technically considered soft dollar benefits for FI.
Generally speaking, all of FI’s clients benefit from research services provided to FI by the brokers and dealers who
effect transactions for FI’s client accounts. FI periodically considers the value and usefulness of proprietary research
services available through broker-dealers as part of assessing FI’s overall relationship with a broker-dealer and the
quality of services provided, but FI does not make specific trading or commission allocation decisions based on the
research provided. FI’s receipt of research services from brokers and dealers that effect transactions for FI’s client
accounts does not reduce FI’s customary research activities.
Order Aggregation
FI has adopted the following allocation policy and procedure for aggregating advisory clients’ trade orders.
• Orders will not be aggregated unless aggregation is consistent with our best execution duty and the
applicable advisory agreements.
• No advisory account will be consistently favored over any other account.
• Before entering an aggregated order, an electronic summary of the proposed allocation shall be made in
connection with that order.
FI’s IPC determines the securities to be purchased and sold in client accounts where FI acts with discretion. FI will
aggregate all Private Client group orders directed by the IPC by internal custodian designation (“custodian code”),
trade objective (“PM Order Reason”), and/or strategy group. The custodian code is determined by, but not limited to,
a combination of the Private Client account’s custodian, prime brokerage eligibility, and order size. Blocks are not
aggregated across custodians, and each custodial block would be treated as a separate brokerage ticket. Orders across
Institutional and Private Clients will not be blocked and will be executed separately.
FI uses Charles River (“CRD”) as its Order Management System (“OMS”). CRD facilitates the execution of trades
for the Institutional Group and Private Client Group.
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• When transactions are aggregated into blocks:
– The actual execution prices applicable to the aggregated transaction will be averaged, and each client
account participating in the aggregated transaction will be deemed to have purchased or sold its share
of the security, instrument, or obligation involved at that average price; and
– All transaction costs incurred in effecting the aggregated transaction shall be shared on a pro rata basis
among all participating accounts, except to the extent certain broker-dealers that also furnish custody
services impose minimum transaction charges applicable to some of the participating accounts. Client
direction and restrictions may result in different costs for a particular client.
• Where custodian limitations require us to send single orders, orders will not be blocked.
• For Private Clients, if it takes more than one day to complete a transaction for a security or group of
securities, the allocation order of accounts must be subject to a rotation by custodian within a grouping of
strategy models to ensure all accounts are treated equally over time. The IPC has discretion in determining
what grouping of strategy models trade together, including minimum account sizes to avoid excessive costs
to smaller accounts. A custodian rotation and random allocation (CRD) is applied to each respective
grouping. Within each custodian and strategy group, “baskets” will be created by the Portfolio
Implementation team as cash management tools, grouping the trades within accounts and ensuring accounts
are not debited during the random allocation process. Baskets are randomly generated, and any basket that
does not complete in full on a given day will be allocated by CRD Account ID using the CRIMS Random
Allocation Generator. Baskets will be regenerated and randomized again if a subset of accounts is added to
the custodian block prior to the custodian being completed in full, and baskets are average priced by
brokerage ticket over the course of a trading day. Custodian rotations are tracked and the rotation is
progressed with the next block allocation. To ensure fairness in custodial rotations, a separate custodial
rotation is used for IPC-directed portfolio shifts and non-portfolio trades that affect a smaller subset of clients
or orders, including but not limited to trades resulting from corporate actions and tax optimizations.
• Orders will be allocated on a basis different from the above only if all clients receive fair treatment and the
reason for the different allocation is approved by a member of the IPC member in writing. Common reasons
for deviations include, but are not limited to, cash balance differences and relative position sizes.
• Blocks executed with multiple brokers on a given day are allocated to the underlying accounts using the
CRIMS Random Allocation Generator.
• Groups of private client orders for a given security determined to be insignificant in size relative to all
existing orders for that security may be traded outside the rotation.
• During an IPC directed portfolio shift, FI traders may be executing given order(s) over multiple days in a
rotation. During this time, trades may have to be placed within client accounts to accommodate client
requests that overlap with the "Rebalance” orders. Where these orders are deemed non-material/non-
impactful to the broader rebalance, the Portfolio Implementation Group may enter these orders as “Non-
Rebalance” to be executed outside of the rotation as a separate custodial block with a different average price
from the “Rebalance” orders.
• Client mandated orders are generally segregated from existing blocks and executed at the market. If it is
deemed that executing the order at the market may have significant market impact, the order will be executed
with discretion.
• Certain private client accounts with special mandates or restrictions will not be included in the rotation
process. In order to satisfy the requirements and restrictions for these accounts, they will be traded
separately. For that reason, these accounts will normally be traded after trades have been executed in
other accounts managed by FI and, therefore these accounts have the potential to be executed on different
terms, which can be less or more favorable and less promptly depending on market conditions. Clients
with these special accounts are informed of these limitations.
• European private client custodian blocks may be traded outside the regular rotation if trading cannot be
executed at the appropriate time due to the absence of trading personnel at the custodian’s local European
February 11, 2026
Form ADV Part 2A
| 15
offices or custodian specific execution restrictions. Rotation deviations of this nature may cause the
clients to receive better or worse execution prices than would be received if they remained in the regular
rotation.
• Private client orders to unwind option positions associated with equity positions will be segregated from
existing blocks. The equity and option orders will generally be executed as close together as possible.
• Sell short orders will be segregated from sell orders.
• Trades that require shortened settlement will be segregated from existing blocks.
• Trades placed to correct errors in client accounts will be executed at the market separately from any
•
existing blocks and will not be aggregated with any IPC block trades. If it is deemed that executing the
order at the market may have significant market impact, the order will be executed with discretion.
• Orders of material size entered in individual accounts as compared to other accounts within an existing
block may be segregated and executed separately for the purpose of saving such clients explicit cost
(commission). Additionally, if an order is entered intraday and blocking with existing orders may
significantly change the average price of the block, the order may be segregated and executed separately
at the discretion of the Trading department.
If the custodian/broker receives multiple orders for the same side and symbol at different times and is
unable to average price all executions due to system limitations, it is permissible to book such trades at
their different, respective prices.
• FX trade orders for Private Clients are executed outside of Fisher’s OMS directly in client accounts with
the applicable custodian. Private Client FX trade orders will not normally be aggregated because of the
varied timing and custodians involved for affected clients.
Individual investment advice and treatment will be provided to each client’s account.
• Books and records will reflect separately for each account the securities held, bought, and sold.
•
• FI does not participate in initial public offerings and therefore has no allocation policy with respect to
such offerings.
• No additional compensation or remuneration of any kind will be received by FI as a result of the
procedure referenced above.
Trading Errors
Trading errors sometimes happen for various reasons that may or may not be FI’s responsibility. FI handles trading
errors according to its trade error policy and procedure, including the use of trade error accounts. Trade error accounts
can be used by FI to absorb unfavorable consequences of trade errors to reduce the chance that clients would be
adversely affected. Trade errors with favorable consequences that the client wishes to accept will generally be
credited against the client’s management fees until the amount of full benefit is provided, which may extend over
multiple quarters. FI aggregates the balances of its error accounts among various broker-dealer and bank custody
accounts on a quarterly basis to determine whether to donate aggregate gains to charity or to contribute to one or
more accounts for aggregate losses. In any event, the client will always be made whole and soft dollars will never be
used to correct trade errors.
Review of Accounts
Periodic Reviews
Account information, including quantities and values of securities held, the amounts of cash and cash equivalents,
and account transaction activity for each client is maintained in FI’s computer systems. This account information is
reconciled against statements or electronic files from appropriate custodial agents generally daily, but no less than
monthly.
Review Triggers
All existing managed accounts are subject to periodic reviews depending on the criteria being evaluated. Most
reviews utilize computer-generated exception reports from FI’s portfolio management and accounting systems. Cash
February 11, 2026
Form ADV Part 2A
| 16
balance, position count, position size, asset allocation, country weight, and sector weight reports are among the
measures periodically evaluated. Additionally, ad hoc reports supplement the review process. FI’s Implementation
department oversees the daily operations of the existing account review process.
The IPC consists of five members: the Executive Chairman, a Vice Chairman, an Executive Vice President, and two
Senior Vice Presidents. They collectively determine firm investment policy and are responsible for managing broad
investment strategies. All are actively engaged in securities and capital markets research contributing to the review
process.
Regular Reports
Clients receive a quarterly accounting showing asset value by security, unit cost, total cost, cash balances, current per
share values, etc. Clients are urged to compare the quarterly reports provided by FI with those provided by their
custodian and notify FI of any differences. Additionally, clients regularly receive Quarterly Reviews, which include
the IPC’s general economic outlook and current investment trends. Clients are encouraged to phone or write FI as
often as they deem necessary to receive information regarding the investment tactics and strategies being followed.
Upon specific client request, FI will prepare written portfolio analysis and reports to satisfy the client’s informational
needs.
Client Referrals and Other Compensation
Referrals
From time to time, FI has client referral relationships with outside vendors and will pay a referral fee to these
vendors. There is no increase in fees that clients will pay to Fisher as a result of the referral fees that FI pays to outside
vendors. Conflicts of interest exist with respect to these referral relationships, as FI receives certain economic
benefits through its participation in these relationships. FI also has incentives for its personnel to solicit and refer
clients. FI occasionally pays a referral fee to third-party solicitors. No referral fee is paid unless the referral
arrangement and any compensation paid are disclosed. FI’s participation in referral relationships does not reduce or
eliminate FI’s fiduciary duties to put the interests of its clients first and seek best execution in securities transactions
on behalf of its clients.
FI receives compensation to refer prospective clients and clients to non-affiliated investment advisers. Conflicts of
interest exist with these referral relationships. No referral will occur unless consent has been obtained from the
prospective client or client and the referral arrangement and any compensation paid are disclosed.
Other Compensation
FI has obligations under referral programs with custodians with respect to certain clients, including certain clients
who become clients of FI as part of its merger and acquisition activities. Pursuant to such programs, FI is obligated to
pay the custodian an ongoing fee, usually as a percentage of the fees billed to the account or a percentage of the assets
in the account, with a one-time fee generally payable in the event the account is transferred away from such
custodian. Since the one-time fee is generally higher than the ongoing fee, FI will have an incentive to maintain the
account at the existing custodian.
FI receives very limited income from speaking, writing, and royalties—all related to finance and investing. Ken
Fisher receives royalties from his books. In addition, FI currently receives income for books published under Fisher
Investments Press, an imprint series published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. from 2009 to 2011.
February 11, 2026
Form ADV Part 2A
| 17
Custody
Account Statements
FI is not a broker-dealer and does not take possession of client assets. FI client assets are housed in nationally
recognized brokerage firms or banks, otherwise known as custodians. FI has a limited power of attorney to place
trades on the client’s behalf. The custodian will issue trade confirmations and monthly statements directly to clients,
while the client’s account will be managed by FI. Clients are urged to compare the information in their quarterly FI
statements with the statements provided by their custodian.
FI will work with the client and custodian to open and establish a custodian account. It is possible a prospective client
will be assigned to a new custodian even if their existing account is at a custodian FI uses. Once opened, FI will
notify the client of the custodian’s name, address, and the manner in which the funds or securities are maintained, and
promptly thereafter of any changes to this information.
Direct Debit of Fees
FI does have the ability to directly debit fees from clients’ accounts. FI has policies and procedures in place to ensure
fees are calculated correctly and in accordance with clients’ agreed upon rates. Refer to the Fee Billing under Fees
and Compensation section above.
Investment Discretion
Discretionary Authority for Trading and Limited Power of Attorney
FI generally has limited power of attorney to act on a fully discretionary basis on clients’ behalf. When such limited
powers exist between FI and a client, FI chooses the amount and type of securities to be bought and sold to satisfy
account objectives. This is the case with most of FI’s clients. Additionally, FI accepts any reasonable limitation or
restriction to such authority placed by the client. Refer to the Methods of Analysis, Investment Strategies and Risk of
Loss section above. All limitations and restrictions placed on accounts must be provided to FI in writing.
Voting Client Securities
Proxy Votes
Generally, except to the extent that a client otherwise instructs FI in writing, FI will vote (by proxy or otherwise) on
all matters for which a shareholder vote is solicited by, or with respect to, issuers of securities beneficially held in
client accounts in such manner as FI deems appropriate in accordance with its written policies and procedures. These
policies and procedures set forth guidelines for voting (or abstaining from voting) many typical proxy proposals. FI
regularly reviews these guidelines. In certain instances the IPC will determine it is in the client’s best interest to vary
from the guidelines or the proxy issue will require individual case-by-case consideration under the guidelines. Where
a proxy proposal raises a material conflict of interest between the interests of FI and its clients, FI will vote in
accordance with the guidelines where FI does not have discretion to vary from the guidelines. Alternatively, FI will
obtain voting direction from Institutional Shareholder Services (“ISS”), an independent third-party proxy service
provider, disclose the conflict of interest to the client and abstain from voting, or obtain client consent prior to voting
the securities. Clients may obtain a copy of FI’s proxy voting policies and procedures and/or information on how FI
has voted the client’s securities by written request to FI. There may also be a variety of corporate actions or other
matters for which shareholder action is required or solicited and with respect to which FI may take action that it
deems appropriate in its best judgment except to the extent otherwise required by agreement with the client. These
actions may include, for example and without limitation, tender offers or exchanges, and bankruptcy proceedings.
Unless FI otherwise agrees in writing, FI will not have any duty or obligation to advise or take any action on behalf of
clients in any legal proceedings, including bankruptcies or class actions, involving securities held in or formerly held
February 11, 2026
Form ADV Part 2A
| 18
in the client’s account or the issuers of securities. At the client’s written request, FI will assist when practical with
administrative matters regarding any settlement or judgment.
Financial Information
Financial Condition
FI does not require or solicit prepayment of fees. FI is currently not in, nor has been historically in, a financially
precarious situation, or the subject to a bankruptcy petition.
Additional Information: Fair Valuation
In separate accounts and certain funds FI manages, FI is responsible for determining the fair value of illiquid
securities and other holdings in the unlikely event a price is not readily available or after a significant event materially
affects the value of a security between the time of its last sale on the exchange or market in which the security trades,
and the US market close. FI’s Valuation Committee meets as necessary when a price is not readily available and will
determine if the value of a security should be re-evaluated to reflect a more current fair market value. Custodians for
some clients have alternative valuation procedures that will apply to accounts managed by FI. Some funds, including
the collective funds advised by FI, are subject to the valuation policies of their trustee or administrator.
February 11, 2026
Form ADV Part 2A
| 19
Rev. 02.2026
FACTS
WHAT DOES FISHER INVESTMENTS DO WITH YOUR PERSONAL
INFORMATION?
Why?
Financial companies choose how they share your personal information. Federal law gives consumers the right
to limit some but not all sharing. Federal law also requires us to tell you how we collect, share, and protect
your personal information. Please read this notice carefully to understand what we do.
What?
The types of personal information we collect and share depend on the product or service you have with us.
This information can include:
Investment experience and assets
• Social Security number and income
• Account balances and transaction history
•
When you are no longer our customer, we continue to share your information as described in this notice.
How?
All financial companies need to share customers’ personal information to run their everyday business. In the
section below, we list the reasons financial companies can share their customers’ personal information, the
reasons Fisher Investments chooses to share, and whether you can limit this sharing.
Reasons we share your personal
information
Does Fisher Investments
Share?
Can you limit
sharing?
Yes
No
For our everyday business purposes—
such as to process your transactions, maintain your account(s),
respond to court orders and legal investigations, or report to
credit bureaus
Yes
No
For our marketing purposes—
to offer our products and services to you
No
We don’t share
For joint marketing with other financial companies
Yes
No
For our affiliates’ everyday business purposes—
information about your transactions and experiences
No
We don’t share
For our affiliates’ everyday business purposes—
information about your creditworthiness
Yes
Yes
For nonaffiliates to market to you
Call 1-800-851-8845
Questions?
February 11, 2026
Form ADV Part 2A
| PN-1
Page 2
Who we are
Fisher Investments
Who is providing this notice?
What we do
How does FISHER INVESTMENTS protect my
personal information?
To protect your personal information from unauthorized access and use, we use
security measures that comply with federal law. These measures include
computer safeguards and secured files and buildings.
We collect your personal information, for example, when you
• Open an account or provide account information
• Make deposits or withdrawals from your account or make a wire transfer
• Give us your contact information
How does FISHER INVESTMENTS collect my
personal information?
We also collect your personal information from others, such as credit bureaus,
affiliates, or other companies.
Federal law gives you the right to limit only
• Sharing for affiliates’ everyday business purposes-information about
your creditworthiness
Why can’t I limit all sharing?
• Affiliates from using your information to market to you
• Sharing for nonaffiliates to market to you
State laws and individual companies may give you
additional rights to limit sharing.
Definitions
Companies related by common ownership or control. They can be financial and
nonfinancial companies.
Affiliates
• Fisher Investments Europe Limited, Fisher Investments Australasia
Pty Ltd, Fisher Investments Ireland Limited, Fisher Investments
Japan, Fisher Investments GmbH, Fisher Investments Schweiz GmbH,
Fisher Investments Arabia, Fisher Investments Singapore Pte. Ltd. and
Fisher Investments Costa Rica FICR S.R.L.
Companies not related by common ownership or control. They can be financial
and nonfinancial companies.
Nonaffiliates
• Fisher Investments may share information with nonaffiliates so they can
market to you if you provide your consent.
A formal agreement between nonaffiliated financial companies that together
market financial products or services to you.
Joint marketing
• Fisher Investments does not jointly market.
Other important information
This privacy notice applies to individual consumers who are customers or former customers. This notice replaces all previous notices of
our consumer privacy policy, and may be amended at any time. For the most up-to-date information, please visit the privacy policy on our
website at https://www.fisherinvestments.com/en-us/privacy.
February 11, 2026
Form ADV Part 2A
| PN-2
ERISA Guide to Services and Compensation
The following is a guide to important information that you should consider in connection with the services provided by
Fisher Investments to your Plan. Should you have any questions concerning this guide or the information provided to you
concerning our services or compensation, please do not hesitate to contact Fisher Investments at 1-800-851-8845.
Required Information
Location
Description of the services Fisher Investments will
provide to your Plan.
See page 4 - “Types of Advisory Services”
and
Letter of Agreement
Section 2 - “Discretionary Investment Management”
A statement that Fisher Investments will provide
the services as an ERISA fiduciary and registered
investment adviser.
See page 4 - “Firm Description”
and
Letter of Agreement
Section 9 - “Retirement or Employee Benefit Plan Accounts”
Compensation Fisher Investments will receive
from your Plan (“direct” compensation).
See page 5 – “Fees and Compensation”
and
Letter of Agreement
Section 7 - “Advisory Fees”
Schedule A, Section 2 - “Annual Advisory Fees”
See page 17 - “Client Referrals and Other Compensation”
Compensation to be paid among Fisher
Investments and related parties.
Compensation Fisher Investments will receive if
you terminate this service agreement.
Letter of Agreement
Section 8 - “Termination”
Schedule A, Section 2 - “Annual Advisory Fees”
Manner in which compensation will be received.
See page 17 - “Client Referrals and Other Compensation”
and
Letter of Agreement
Section 7 - “Advisory Fees”
Section 8 “Termination”
Schedule A, Section 2 - “Annual Advisory Fees”
Schedule A, Section 3 - “Payment”
February 11, 2026
Form ADV Part 2A
| EG-1
Additional Brochure: UNITED KINGDOM PRIVATE CLIENT (2026-02-11)
View Document Text
Form ADV 2A
Brochure
6500 International Pkwy, Ste 2050
Plano, TX 75093
Phone: 00-1-800-851-8845 / 00-1-650-851-3334
Fax: 00-1-650-529-1436
www.fisherinvestments.com
11 February 2026
This brochure provides information about the qualifications and business practices of Fisher Investments. If you
have any questions about the contents of this brochure, please contact us at 00-1-800-851-8845, or by email at
pcg@fi.com. The information in this brochure has not been approved or verified by the United States Securities
and Exchange Commission (“SEC”), or by any state securities authority.
Fisher Investments is registered with the SEC as an investment adviser. Being registered with the SEC or any
other regulatory authority does not imply Fisher Investments has a certain level of skill or training.
Additional information about Fisher Investments is available on the SEC’s website at www.adviserinfo.sec.gov.
| 1
Material Changes
This section provides a summary of material changes that were made to this brochure since the last annual update
and is intended to help Clients determine if they want to review this brochure in its entirety, or contact Fisher
Investments with questions about the changes.
No material changes since the last Form ADV update.
Information about Fisher Investments is also available on the SEC’s website at www.adviserinfo.sec.gov. To
request a copy of the most recent disclosure brochure, contact us at:
Fisher Investments
6500 International Pkwy, Ste 2050
Plano, TX 75093
Phone: 00-1-800-851-8845
Email: pcg@fi.com
11 February 2026
Form ADV Part 2A
| 2
Table of Contents
Advisory Business ............................................................................................................................... 4
Fees and Compensation ....................................................................................................................... 5
Performance-Based Fees and Side-By-Side Management ............................................................... 7
Types of Clients ................................................................................................................................... 7
Methods of Analysis, Investment Strategies and Risk of Loss ........................................................ 7
Disciplinary Information ..................................................................................................................... 9
Other Financial Industry Activities and Affiliations ......................................................................... 9
Code of Ethics, Participation or Interest in Client Transactions and Personal Trading ............... 12
Brokerage Practices ........................................................................................................................... 13
Review of Accounts ........................................................................................................................... 16
Client Referrals and Other Compensation ....................................................................................... 17
Custody ............................................................................................................................................... 17
Investment Discretion ........................................................................................................................ 18
Voting Client Securities ..................................................................................................................... 18
Financial Information ........................................................................................................................ 18
Additional Information: Fair Valuation ........................................................................................... 19
Additional Information: Privacy ....................................................................................................... 19
11 February 2026
Form ADV Part 2A
| 3
Advisory Business
Firm Description
Fisher Asset Management, LLC, doing business as Fisher Investments (“FI”), a privately held limited
liability company, is an investment adviser with primary offices in California, Florida, Texas and
Washington. FI is registered with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”); in Canada with
the Alberta Securities Commission, British Columbia Securities Commission, Manitoba Securities
Commission, New Brunswick Securities Commission, Newfoundland and Labrador Financial Services
Regulation Division, Nova Scotia Securities Commission, Ontario Securities Commission, Prince Edward
Island Securities Office, Quebec Autorité des Marchés Financiers, and Saskatchewan Financial Services
Commission; and with the Netherlands Authority for the Financial Markets. FI has a branch office registered
with the Dubai International Financial Centre. Being registered with the SEC or any other regulatory
authority does not imply FI has a certain level of skill or training.
FI manages assets within different client groups: Institutional (including Personalized Retirement Outcomes)
and Private Client – including private clients in the US, UK, Canada, Europe, Saudi Arabia, Australia, New
Zealand, and Singapore. Collectively, these groups comprise a global client base of diverse investors
including corporate, public and multi-employer pension plans, foundations and endowments, insurance
companies, healthcare organizations, governments, investment companies and high-net-worth individuals.
The firm offers a broad array of US, non-US, and global equity and fixed income strategies with various
capitalization and style orientations. Founded in 1979, all strategies are supported by the firm’s global
research platform developed over its 45+ year history. Investment decisions are made by the firm’s five-
member Investment Policy Committee (“IPC”). In the mid-1990s, FI began offering separate portfolio
management directly to high-net-worth individuals.
The bedrock of FI’s business is based on maintaining a culture of ethics and integrity with the highest
possible emphasis on clear and transparent communications with the investing public. Embedded within the
firm’s culture is its embrace of the fiduciary duty to put client interests first. FI fosters a culture that hires,
trains, and rewards employees in direct support of the values of openness, honesty, integrity, and trust.
A culture that fosters transparency is core to FI’s client service model. Every private client is assigned an
Investment Counselor who is available to answer questions in as much detail or as frequently as the client
would like. FI supplies clients with quarterly statements and written reviews from the Investment Policy
Committee. FI also regularly creates written commentary and multimedia with its Investment Policy
Committee detailing the firm’s market outlook, which expands on many of the themes in the quarterly
reviews and gives clients a chance to hear directly from portfolio decision-makers. For clients who are
interested in greater detail, FI offers a variety of additional market commentary through its website
(fisherinvestments.com) and social media channels.
For clients who would like to meet and hear from senior FI representatives directly, FI offers client seminars
which allow clients to review our market forecast and ask questions in an in-person presentation setting. FI
also offers online communication and education opportunities through Fisher Connect Webinars and Client
Video Conferences.
Principal Owners
Fisher Investments, Inc. owns more than 75% of the voting interests in FI, with legal entities controlled by
Advent International and the Abu Dhabi Investment Authority, respectively, owning the rest. In addition, the
CEO (as co-trustee, with his spouse, of a family trust) holds non-voting interests. Ken Fisher owns more than
75% of the shares of Fisher Investments, Inc.
Types of Advisory Services
FI provides investment management services for clients within the categories of equity, fixed interest, and
blended accounts. All accounts have the goal of maximizing returns relative to risk compared to particular
benchmarks.
11 February 2026
Form ADV Part 2A
| 4
• Equity accounts seek to do this using primarily Open Ended Investment Companies or common
stock and cash equivalents.
• Fixed income accounts use various fixed income Exchange Traded Funds and cash.
• Blended accounts use primarily a combination of open-ended investment companies or stock,
fixed income Exchange Traded instruments, and cash seeking to maximize returns to risk.
FI manages money for clients in one of these three fashions based on individual discussions with each client
about the client’s overall financial goals. FI also may engage in various defensive strategies in each of these
styles in an effort to minimize losses or to seek investment returns. However, there are special risks involved
with those defensive strategies. Refer to the Methods of Analysis, Investment Strategies and Risk of Loss
section below.
FI serves as sub-manager to Fisher Investments Europe Limited (with respect to its Institutional clients),
Fisher Investments Ireland Limited, Fisher Investments Luxembourg, Sàrl, and Fisher Investments GmbH,
which manage assets for clients in various European countries, and for Fisher Investments Australasia Pty
Ltd and Fisher Investments Japan. FI provides investment management support to Fisher Investments
Arabia.
Throughout the client relationship, FI strives to keep clients apprised of its strategy and current market
outlook. The firm fosters a culture that focuses on maintaining transparency and openness for successful
relationships and stresses this as both a core company value and an expectation of all employees in their
dealings with clients and each other.
Assets under Management
FI manages client assets on a discretionary basis. As of 31 December 2025, FI managed a total of:
Private Client
Institutional
Total
Discretionary
Non-Discretionary
$331,230,543,932
$0
$331,230,543,932
$55,439,180,106
$0
$55,439,180,106
$386,669,724,038
$0
$386,669,724,038
Total
Assets under management are provided in $USD.
Fees and Compensation
Description
While at times FI may negotiate rates other than specified below, the following schedule sets out FI’s billing
rates for UK Private Clients that are invested in non-Fisher OEIC investments (e.g. individual securities,
ETFs, etc.):
UK Private Client Accounts
Annual Management Fee
First £500,000
Next £500,000
Next £9 million
Next £10 million
1.50%
1.25%
1.125%
0.90%
To the extent UK Private Clients are invested in a Fisher OEIC, the following schedule applies:
Assets Invested
Annual Management Charge as % of Assets Invested
Up to £1,999,999
£2,000,000 and above
B Shares
(1.50% Annual Rate)
A Shares
(1.25% Annual Rate)
UK Private Client accounts will also be billed a non-refundable initial fee for initial funding and subsequent
additions as detailed below:
11 February 2026
Form ADV Part 2A
| 5
Fisher Initial Fee
OEIC Initial Fee
Aggregate Funding
Amount of the Account(s)
OEIC Initial Fee Discount
(from the Initial Fee in the
Prospectus)
Up to £299,999
£300,000 to £499,999
£500,000 to £999,999
£1,000,000 to £1,999,999
£2,000,000 to £2,999,999
Above £3,000,000
2.25%*
1.50%*
1.00%*
0.50%*
0.25%*
Nil
-5.25%
-5.25%
-5.25%
-5.25%
-5.25%
-5.25%
Nil
Nil
Nil
Nil
Nil
Nil
*For Accounts up to £2,999,999, the Initial Fee for each Account will be reduced by a pro rata portion of
Fisher Investments UK’s initial adviser charge of £825. The Initial Fee and the pro rata reduction will be
calculated on the billing date following the earlier of full funding of the Account(s) or six months after the
Client(s) signs an agreement with Fisher Investments (“Adjustment Date”). Additional contributions
received after the Adjustment Date will be subject to the full Initial Fee.
FI may negotiate certain fixed rates with clients that can apply to all asset levels. FI provides advisory
services to clients in a limited number of special situations for substantially reduced or no advisory fees.
These include certain accounts for friends of the firm, relatives or children of other clients, and legacy
accounts that have been clients for many years. Certain clients who become clients of FI as a result of its
merger and acquisition activities may retain their prior fee schedules and therefore pay higher or lower fees
than other FI clients.
Fee Billing
Investment management account fees are normally based on a percentage of total assets managed for long
positions (including cash balances) and do not deduct for margin debit balances (margin loans). For accounts
invested in the Long/Short strategy, investment management account fees are based on the combined market
value of the separate long and short positions (short positions do not reduce the value of long positions for
this purpose), less the credit or proceeds received from the short sales that are not reinvested. For accounts
with short positions not invested in the Long/Short strategy, both the current value of the short position and
proceeds from the short sale are included when determining the combined market value (short positions do
reduce the value of the long positions for this purpose). Fees are generally calculated and charged quarterly.
Fees are based on the market value using closing prices at quarter end, at one-quarter of the annual rates
listed above. The quarter ending value includes accrued interest and/or dividends. Fees are billed and paid
after they are earned. Fees will be calculated and charged beginning on the first trade date of the account.
The fee will be calculated and deducted from the client’s account each calendar quarter following the billing
date as stated in the client’s Confidential Client Agreement with FI (“CCA”). The client may instead pay
fees from another account or via invoice by completing and submitting written instructions to FI.
Unless the first trade date of the accounts is on the first day of the calendar quarter, fees for the initial billing
period will be calculated based on the number of calendar days from that date until the end of the quarter. A
fee will not be calculated and billed for an initial billing period if there are no assets in the client’s account or
the number of billing days in the period is less than 16. Instead, the following calendar quarter may be
combined with the initial billing period, making the billing period longer than the one calendar quarter
depending upon when assets are received into the account and FI begins trading in the client’s account. The
fee will be calculated for that entire longer period based on the account value at the end of the following
calendar quarter. Any net contributions or withdrawals made after the initial billing period that is equal to or
greater than £50,000 will be prorated if the fee adjustment is greater than .0025% of the client’s quarter-end
assets under management by FI and the fee adjustment for the transaction is greater than or equal to £100.
In general, a client may terminate the CCA with FI at any time by notifying FI in writing. At such time, FI
will bill the client for services already rendered, prorated through the calendar day prior to the date of
termination. Since FI does not bill in advance, a refund of fees is not applicable.
11 February 2026
Form ADV Part 2A
| 6
Other Fees
Clients will incur fees in addition to the management fee paid to FI, as stated above. Such fees can
include brokerage commissions, other custodian fees, and expenses for investing in exchange-traded
funds or structured notes. FI does not earn such other fees. Please refer to the Brokerage Practices on
pages below for additional information on how FI selects brokers.
FI will waive its separate account advisory fee to the extent accounts indirectly pay an advisory fee by
investing in shares of the United Kingdom or Jersey-based open ended investment companies that pay FI an
advisory fee. FI may instead reduce its advisory fee payable by the funds. Clients would pay for all the
operating and other expenses associated with an investment in the funds as well as with the separate account.
The use of defensive strategies may increase trading activity, and thus, the recognition (for income tax
purposes) of gains and losses, and increase other expenses (such as brokerage charges) compared to accounts
that do not use these techniques. Refer to the Methods of Analysis, Investment Strategies and Risk of Loss
section below.
Performance-Based Fees and Side-By-Side Management
FI does not typically charge performance-based fees for private client accounts, but may for institutional
clients who specifically request it if appropriate. Performance-based fee arrangements permit FI to
receive compensation for unrealized appreciation as well as realized gains and may create an incentive
for FI to make riskier or more speculative investments. Managing accounts that are charged a
performance-based fee and accounts that are charged another type of fee, such as a fixed-rate fee,
presents certain conflicts of interest in managing these accounts at the same time. There is an incentive to
favor performance-based fee accounts. FI’s policies and procedures have been developed to ensure that
all clients are treated fairly and equally, and without regard to the fee type in determining trade allocation.
Refer to the Order Aggregation section below. FI reviews trade aggregation and allocation policies and
procedures at least annually to ensure adherence to firm procedures and that no client is being
systematically favored.
Types of Clients
Description
FI has a global client base of diverse investors in an advisory and sub-advisory role including corporations,
retirement plans, public and multi-employer pension funds, foundations, endowments, governments,
investment companies, and high-net-worth individuals across America, Europe, Canada, Asia, Australia,
and the Middle East.
Account Minimums
At present, Fisher Investments Europe Limited, trading as Fisher Investments UK (“FIUK”) targets
accounts with at least £250,000 in investable assets.
Methods of Analysis, Investment Strategies and Risk of Loss
Methods of Analysis
FI uses both qualitative and quantitative tools to analyze markets, sectors, and securities. FI makes extensive
use of computers, computer peripherals, software, and computer databases in screening for securities worthy
of investment consideration. FI uses a centralized portfolio management system, which includes block
trading, portfolio management, and securities price data collection.
Investment Strategies
Private clients are generally invested in an equity, fixed income, or blended account based on their individual
financial goals and objectives, restrictions, or investment limitations as expressed by the client. FI can adjust
its investment strategy for each client as appropriate depending on its forward-looking view of market
conditions. For equity and blended accounts, FI seeks to maximize opportunity and manage risk by investing
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globally to take advantage of worldwide opportunities by investing in equities, fixed income securities,
structured products, or other derivatives that can include leverage. However, if FI forecasts a bear market on
the horizon, a defensive approach may be taken. FI’s goal is simply to help clients achieve their financial
goals, regardless of market conditions.
FI uses investment benchmarks as a framework for constructing client portfolios, managing portfolio risk,
and monitoring client portfolio performance by comparing rates of return over time. FI can provide
information about particular investment benchmarks and how they are selected and constituted upon
request.
FI conducts tax-loss harvesting each year, at its discretion, in taxable accounts to help potentially lower client
tax burdens. Tax-loss harvesting is the process of selling securities that have declined in value to realize
losses for the tax year. The securities sold to harvest losses will be temporarily restricted for a short period in
order to avoid forfeiture of the realized losses and increasing the deferred tax liability for clients (the “wash-
sale rule”). In order to maintain market exposure during the wash-sale rule restriction period, FI will invest
in replacement securities which may deviate from FI views as an optimal pre-tax portfolio allocation. The
replacement securities may be sold and the original securities repurchased which could also potentially
increase the tax liability for clients if gains are realized, or FI may choose to keep the replacement securities
if it believes those securities are appropriate for the client’s situation. The use of tax-loss harvesting will
increase trading activity and potentially increase transaction expenses. Clients will receive notice well in
advance of the implementation of this process each year and can opt-out at that time or request to opt out of
the service entirely. Clients can also mandate tax-loss harvesting in their taxable accounts managed by FI at
any time.
If FI forecasts a prolonged and substantial downturn for the U.S. and/or the foreign stock markets, it may
adopt a defensive strategy for clients’ equity accounts by investing substantially in fixed income securities,
money market instruments, structured or exchange traded notes, put options or other derivatives on securities
or indexes or exchange-traded funds, selling short securities or exchange traded funds, and other hedging
techniques. There can be no guarantee that FI will accurately forecast any prolonged and substantial
downturn in the market, or that the use of derivatives and other defensive techniques would be successful in
avoiding losses. These defensive strategies may be used for a client’s account only to the extent not
prohibited by the CCA, custodial limitations, and applicable law. Clients may specifically request, in writing,
FI to limit or avoid the use of these defensive techniques in their accounts.
Derivatives typically derive their value from the performance of an underlying asset, interest rates or index.
A client’s account would lose the premium or other transaction costs related to the purchase of an option – a
type of derivative - that expires worthless. The price movements of derivatives may be more volatile than
those of other securities, and result in increased investment risk. Many of these investments do not enjoy as
much liquidity as other securities; although, consistent with its investment strategy FI will seek to invest in
liquid investments to the extent they represent the best investment option in FI’s view. FI will normally cause
client accounts to “cover” options they write with the underlying security and other liquid assets.
Short sales may be used to fully or partially hedge other investments in a client’s equity or blended account
or to seek returns unrelated to other investments. “Short sales” means borrowing a security and selling it.
Short sales result in profits or losses depending on whether the price of the security increases versus the price
at the time of the short sale (which results in a loss) or decreases versus the price at the time of the short sale
(which results in a gain). The loss from a short sale is theoretically unlimited depending on how much the
security sold short increases in value. Clients may specifically request, in writing, FI to limit or avoid the use
of short sales in their accounts.
Structured and exchange traded notes are debt instruments whose return is derived from the performance of a
reference index or other underlying securities or investments. The performance of a note is determined
primarily by the performance of the underlying investments; therefore, despite technically being a corporate
debt instrument, notes can be designed to provide returns similar to other asset classes. These notes include
leverage, which potentially increases risk and volatility. These notes are issued by third-party financial
institutions and thus bear the credit risk of those entities. Though FI may choose the nature of the note and
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define the underlying investments, the third-party financial institution will manage the note and charge a
management fee to do so. Financing and other charges also apply depending on the nature of the note and its
construction.
Risk of Loss
Investing in capital markets involves risk of loss that each client should be prepared to bear. Investing in
foreign stock markets involves additional risks including political, economic and currency risks, as well as
differences in accounting methods. Investing in fixed income instruments may involve certain costs and risks
such as liquidity risk, interest rate risk, and credit risk. Portfolios investing in derivatives could lose more
than the principal amount invested in those instruments. There can be no guarantee that a portfolio will meet
its investment objectives or that it will not suffer losses.
Disciplinary Information
Legal and Disciplinary
There have been no disciplinary events and no material legal events related to FI or any management person.
Other Financial Industry Activities and Affiliations
Financial Media
Ken Fisher, Aaron Anderson, and other senior members of the firm are regular contributors to various media
and publications globally. Fisher Investments can hold some or all of the securities mentioned in a particular
article in client portfolios.
Affiliations
FI owns Fisher Investments Europe Limited, doing business as Fisher Investments UK (“FIUK”), an
investment firm headquartered in the United Kingdom whose main activities are marketing FI’s and its own
investment management services to prospective private clients in the United Kingdom, including providing
investment and pension transfer recommendations and marketing its own investment management services
to and managing assets for institutional clients in the United Kingdom, Switzerland, and Belgium, which are
sub-managed by FI. FI earns a sub-management fee for the sub-management services it provides to FIUK.
FI acts as the investment adviser for the Tactical Multi-Purpose Fund (“Tactical Fund”), organized as a non-
diversified series of Unified Series Trust established under the laws of Ohio by an Agreement and
Declaration of Trust dated October 17, 2002. FI may recommend to clients, or use its discretionary authority
over clients’ accounts, to invest client assets in shares of the Tactical Fund. Clients may also restrict or
prohibit investment of their accounts in the Tactical Fund in writing. Additionally, FI acts as the investment
adviser for the FI Institutional Group Stock Fund for Retirement Plans, the FI Institutional Group ESG Stock
Fund for Retirement Plans, the FI Institutional Group Fixed Income Fund for Retirement Plans, and the FI
Institutional Group ESG Fixed Income Fund for Retirement Plans, each a diversified series of Unified Series
Trust.
FI acts as the investment manager for the UK-based Purisima Investment Funds, an open-ended investment
company (“OEIC”) incorporated in England and Wales under registered number IC 162 and authorized an
Undertaking for Collective Investment in Transferrable Securities (“UCITS”) by the UK Financial Conduct
Authority, which is comprised of three sub-funds: the Purisima Global Total Return Fund, the Purisima UK
Total Return Fund, and the Purisima EAFE Total Return Fund. In addition, FI acts as the investment
manager for the Purisima Investment Fund (CI) Limited, an OEIC established in Jersey, Channel Islands, as
an Expert Fund in accordance with the Jersey Collective Investment Funds Order 1995. FI may recommend
to private clients in the United Kingdom, or use its discretionary authority over clients’ accounts, to invest
client assets in shares of the OEICs. FI will waive its separate account management fee to the extent accounts
indirectly pay a management fee by investing in shares of the OEICs. Clients would pay for all the operating
and other expenses associated with an investment in the OEICs as well as with the separate account. Clients
may also restrict or prohibit investment of their accounts in the OEICs in writing.
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FI acts as the investment manager for the Fisher Investments Institutional Funds plc, an open ended
investment company with variable capital incorporated in Ireland under the Irish Companies Act 1963 to
2009 with registered number 496650 and authorized as a UCITS by the Central Bank of Ireland, which is
currently comprised of twenty-eight sub-funds: the Fisher Investments Institutional Emerging Markets
Equity Fund, the Fisher Investments Institutional Emerging Markets Equity ESG Fund, the Fisher
Investments Institutional Frontier Markets Equity Fund, the Fisher Investments Institutional Asia ex-Japan
Equity Fund, the Fisher Investments Institutional Global Small Cap Equity Fund, the Fisher Investments
Institutional US Small Cap Core Equity ESG Fund, the FIE All-Purpose Fund, the Fisher Investments
Institutional European Equity Fund, the Fisher Investments Institutional Global Equity Fund, the Fisher
Investments Institutional Global Equity Focused Fund, the Fisher Investments Institutional Global Equity
High Yield Fund, the Fisher Investments Institutional Global Developed Equity Fund, the Fisher
Investments Institutional Global Developed Equity ESG Fund, the Fisher Investments Institutional US Small
and Mid-Cap Core Equity Fund, the Fisher Investments Institutional Emerging Markets Equity Fund (Cash
Limit), the Fisher Investments Institutional US Equity ESG Fund, the Fisher Investments Institutional
Emerging Markets Responsible Equity ex Fossil Fuels Fund, the Fisher Investments Institutional Emerging
Markets Concentrated Equity ESG Fund, the Fisher Investments Institutional Global Sustainable Equity
Impact ESG Fund, the Fisher Investments Institutional Quantitative Global Equity ESG Fund, the Fisher
Investments Institutional Emerging Markets Hard Currency Government Bond Fund, the Fisher Investments
Institutional US High Yield Bond Fund, the Fisher Investments Institutional China A-Shares Equity Fund,
the Fisher Investments Institutional US All Cap Equity ESG Fund, the Fisher Investments Institutional
Emerging Markets Sustainable Equity Impact ESG Fund, the Fisher Investments Institutional Global Small
Cap Equity ESG Fund, the Fisher Investments Institutional Global Low Volatility Equity Fund, and the
Fisher Investments Institutional Global ex-US Equity ESG Fund.
FI acts as the investment manager for the Fisher Investments Institutional Funds plc, an open ended
investment company with variable capital incorporated in Ireland under the Irish Companies Act 1963 to
2009 with registered number 496650 and authorized as a UCITS by the Central Bank of Ireland, which is
currently comprised of twenty-four sub-funds: the FI Institutional Emerging Markets Equity Fund, the FI
Institutional Emerging Markets Equity Selection Fund, , the FI Institutional Global Small Cap Equity Fund,
the FI Institutional US Small Cap Core Equity Selection Fund, the FIE All-Purpose Fund, the FI Institutional
European Equity Fund, the FI Institutional Global Equity Selection Fund, the FI Institutional Global Equity
Focused Fund, the FI Institutional Global Equity High Yield Fund, the FI Institutional Global Developed
Concentrated Equity Selection Fund the FI Institutional Global Developed Equity Selection Fund, the FI
Institutional US Small and Mid-Cap Core Equity Fund, the FI Institutional US Equity Selection Fund, the
FI Institutional Emerging Markets Responsible Equity Fund, the FI Institutional Global Sustainable
Equity Impact Fund, the FI Institutional Quantitative Global Equity Selection Fund, the FI
Institutional Emerging Markets Hard Currency Government Bond Fund, the FI Institutional US High
Yield Bond Fund, the FI Institutional China A-Shares Equity Fund, the FI Institutional US All Cap
Equity Selection Fund, the FI Institutional Global Small Cap Equity Selection Fund, the FI
Institutional Global ex-US Equity Selection Fund, the FI Institutional Global Responsible Equity
ESG Fund, and the FI Institutional Global Developed Equity ESG Values Fund.
FI acts as the investment manager for the Fisher Investments Trust, a Delaware statutory trust, which
currently has eight series: FI Institutional Group Emerging Markets Equity Fund, the FI Institutional Group
Foreign Equity Fund, the FI Institutional Group Global Small Cap Equity Fund, the FI Institutional Group
All Foreign Equity Fund, the FI Institutional Group All Foreign Small Cap Equity Fund, the FI Institutional
Group All Foreign Small Cap Equity Quant Fund, the FI Institutional Group Emerging Markets Equity ESG
Fund, and the FI Institutional Group Emerging Markets Equity Opportunities Fund.
FI acts as investment adviser to the following bank-maintained collective funds: the Fisher Investments All
Foreign Equity Collective Fund; the Fisher Investments Emerging Markets Equity Collective Fund; the
Fisher Investments All World Equity Collective Fund; the Fisher Investments U.S. Fixed Income Collective
Fund; the Fisher Investments U.S. Equity Market Collective Fund, and the Fisher Investments U.S. Small
and Mid Cap Core Equity Collective Fund. Each is a Fund established under the Fisher Investments
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Collective Trust. SEI Trust Company is the trustee and manager.
FI acts as investment manager to the following Australian registered funds: the FIA Institutional Global
Equity Focused Fund, the FIA Institutional Global Small Cap Equity Fund, and the FIA Institutional
Emerging Markets Equity ESG Fund. Equity Trustees Limited is the Responsible Entity.
FI acts as investment manager to the following Australian registered funds: the Fisher Investments
Australasia Global Equity Focused Fund, the Fisher Investments Australasia Global Small Cap Equity Fund,
and the Fisher Investments Australasia Emerging Markets Equity ESG Fund. Equity Trustees Limited is the
Responsible Entity.
Where FI manages a separate account and invests those assets in a fund it also advises or manages, FI would
either waive its separate account advisory fee on assets invested in the fund or reduce its fee paid by the
funds to the extent of any other advisory fee charged by FI on those assets. Where the Personalized
Retirement Outcomes service invests participant assets into funds which pay FI a management fee, FI will
reduce the fee rate charged for the Personalized Retirement Outcome service by an amount equal to the
management fee rate it receives from the funds.
FI owns Fisher Investments Europe Limited, doing business as Fisher Investments UK (“FIUK”), an
investment firm in the United Kingdom whose main activities are marketing FI’s and its own investment
management services to prospective private clients in the United Kingdom, including providing investment
and pension transfer recommendations and marketing its own investment management services to and
managing assets for institutional clients in the United Kingdom, Switzerland, and Belgium, which are sub-
managed by FI. FI earns a sub-management fee for the sub-management services it provides to FIUK.
FI owns Fisher Investments Australasia Pty Ltd (“FIA”), a financial services licensee in Australia whose
primary purpose is to manage assets for wholesale clients in Australia and wholesale investors in New
Zealand that are sub-managed by FI. FI earns a sub-management fee for the sub-management services it
provides to FIA.
FI owns Fisher Investments Japan Limited (“FIJ”), a Delaware corporation with a branch in Japan that has a
discretionary investment management and investment advisory and agency licenses in Japan. FIJ’s primary
purpose is to manage assets for professional and general clients in Japan. FI earns a sub-management fee for
the sub-management services it provides to FIJ.
FI has a branch established in the Dubai International Financial Centre, whose primary purpose is to market
FI’s investment management services to prospective institutional clients in the Middle East.
FI owns Fisher Investments GmbH (“FIG”), an investment firm in Germany whose primary purpose is
to manage assets for private clients in Germany, Austria and Switzerland that are sub-managed by FI. FI
earns a sub-management fee for the sub-management services it provides to FIG. FIG owns Fisher
Investments Schweiz GmbH, a representative office of FIG that supervises the activities of tied agents
that introduce residents of Switzerland to FIG.
FI owns Fisher Investments Ireland Limited (“FII”), an investment firm in Ireland whose primary purpose is
to manage assets for private and institutional clients in Europe that are sub-managed by FI. FI earns a sub-
management fee for the sub-management services it provides to FII.
FI owns Fisher Investments Luxembourg, Sàrl (“FIL”), an investment firm in Luxembourg whose primary
purpose is to manage assets for private clients in Europe that are sub-managed by FI. FIL also engages in
insurance brokerage activities in France. FI earns a sub-management fee for the sub-management services it
provides to FIL.
FI owns Fisher Investments Arabia (“FISA”), a capital market institution in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
whose primary purpose is to manage assets for private and institutional clients in the Kingdom of Saudi
Arabia. FI earns a fee for investment management support it provides to FISA.
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FI owns Fisher Investments Singapore Pte. Ltd. (“FIS”), which holds a capital markets services license to
conduct fund management activity for accredited and institutional investors in Singapore. FI earns a sub-
management fee for the sub-management services it provides to FIS.
To improve fiduciary literacy and advance brand awareness, the Fisher Investments Institutional Group,
from time to time, may sponsor, either independently or with other managers, consultants, or advisers,
training and educational programs and conferences attended by retirement advisors and plan sponsor
fiduciaries.
Code of Ethics, Participation or Interest in Client Transactions and
Personal Trading
Code of Ethics and Personal Trading
Ethics and integrity are the bedrock on which the rest of our business is built. When FI employees invest for
their own accounts, conflicts of interest may arise between clients and employees. As an investment adviser
and mutual fund adviser, FI is subject to Rule 204A-1 of the Advisers Act and Rule 17j-1 of the Investment
Company Act of 1940, as amended. To comply with these requirements, FI has adopted a Code of Ethics
containing provisions reasonably necessary to prevent its “Access Persons,” as defined in the Code of Ethics,
from engaging in any act, practice or course of business prohibited by the Rules. The Code of Ethics
addresses investments by Access Persons in securities with particular rules for initial public offerings and
limited offerings.
In accordance with FI’s Code of Ethics, all Access Persons are required to have most security transactions
including all common stock, options, corporate bonds, exchange traded funds, and trades in mutual funds
where FI is the sub-adviser to the fund company approved in advance by designated personnel involved in
the trading process. Access Persons and FI Principals have bought, owned, and sold securities in various
publicly traded corporations, including those held and traded in clients’ accounts or in the funds managed or
advised by FI.
Access Persons and Principals may hold securities, which were purchased previous to their employment with
FI, and are now still held. Access Persons and Principals whose accounts are managed by FI may participate
in block transactions placed for clients. Additionally, Access Persons and Principals must submit all
brokerage statements, which reflect transactions for their benefit, to ensure this policy is implemented
according to stated objectives. FI will provide a copy of its Code of Ethics upon request.
FI has adopted policies and procedures designed to address potential conflicts that arise between FI and its
minority owners. These policies and procedures include information barriers designed to prevent the flow of
portfolio holdings and trading information between FI, its personnel and its minority owners; and restrictions
relating to brokerage selection and trading with entities under control of its minority owners. No assurance
can be made that any of FI’s current policies and procedures, or any policies and procedures that are
established by FI in the future will have their desired effect.
In addition to these explicit policies, we also stress ethics in our company vision statement, which states that
“our quest requires delivering unparalleled service, continuous education, and appropriate solutions to our
clients and always considering their interests first.” Likewise, ethics and integrity are a core component of
employee performance reviews, where they are listed as an explicit competency and factor directly into
performance evaluations.
Participation or Interest in Client Transactions
FI imposes restrictions upon itself and all managed accounts that have a relationship with an FI Access
Person or Principal to ensure the clients’ interests are considered before the interests of FI or any person
associated with FI. Such accounts are called proprietary accounts. They will trade in block trades with or
after non-proprietary clients. Exceptions may be made to liquidate certain previously held equity positions in
proprietary accounts that cannot be blocked with non-proprietary clients provided a determination is made
that no non-proprietary client will be disadvantaged. All proprietary clients are aware of such trading
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practices. At no time will transactions be effected in any manner such that FI or the FI Access Person could
benefit at the expense of a non-proprietary client.
Political Contributions
FI personnel may make personal contributions to support political candidates or elected officials,
including candidates who may share the firm's views on issues related to its business interests. Designated
personnel are responsible for ensuring that their political activities comply with applicable laws restricting
political contributions and solicitations, as well as FI's policies and procedures.
Brokerage Practices
Selecting Brokerage Firms
FI generally determines both the brokers to be used to effect transactions for clients and the commissions at
which those transactions are to be effected. Brokers are selected on the basis of the clients’ interests,
requirements and preferences as well as FI’s assessment of the brokers’ execution and other services relative
to the commission charged for each trade. FI evaluates brokers’ fees and commission rates in light of rates
other advisers could readily obtain from brokers in general for similar transactions.
Each client’s investment advisory agreement generally gives FI full authority to determine (without
obtaining client consent or consulting with the client on a transaction-by-transaction basis) the brokers or
dealers through which all transactions for the client’s account will be executed. A client may, however, direct
FI to execute transactions for the client’s account through a specified broker or dealer (the “Specified
Broker”). A client may choose to direct FI in writing to execute transactions through a Specified Broker if,
for example, the client will be receiving investment management consulting services from such Specified
Broker.
FI has delegated a portion of its trading function for certain markets and securities to its affiliate, Fisher
Investments Luxembourg, Sàrl, (“FIL”) subject to the oversight of FI.
Best Execution
Where a client authorizes and the custodian does not restrict FI to select the brokers and/or dealers through
which transactions for the client’s account are executed, FI allocates transactions to brokers and/or dealers
for execution on such markets at such prices and at such commission rates (which may be in excess of the
prices or commission rates that might have been charged for execution on other markets or by other brokers
or dealers) as in the good faith judgment of FI are appropriate. FI considers the selection of brokers and/or
dealers based not only on the available prices and rates of brokerage commissions, but also other relevant
factors which can include:
(a) the execution capabilities of the brokers and/or dealers;
(b) the size of the transaction;
(c) the difficulty of execution;
(d) the operational facilities of the brokers and/or dealers involved;
(e) the risk in positioning a block of securities;
(f) custodian relationship; and
(g) the quality of the overall brokerage services provided by the broker and/or dealer.
FI may cause a client’s account to pay a broker or dealer a higher amount of commission for effecting a
transaction for the client’s account than another broker or dealer would have charged for effecting that same
transaction if FI determines in good faith that the amount of commission is reasonable in relation to the value
of the brokerage and research services provided by the broker or dealer, viewed in terms of either the
particular transaction or FI’s overall responsibilities with respect to the accounts for which FI exercises
investment discretion.
Where a client directs FI to effect transactions for the client’s account through a Specified Broker, FI does
not negotiate brokerage commissions with respect to transactions executed by the Specified Broker for the
client’s account. Rather, the client and the Specified Broker agree on the commission rate that the Specified
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Broker will charge for transactions effected for the account. As a result, the client may pay higher
commissions than those paid by FI’s clients who have not directed FI to execute transactions through a
specified broker or dealer depending upon:
(a) the client’s arrangement with the Specified Broker;
(b) such factors as the number of securities, instruments or obligations being bought or sold for the client,
whether round or odd lots are being acquired for the client and the market for the security, instrument
or obligation;
(c) the fact that the client will be foregoing any benefit from savings on execution costs that FI may
obtain for its clients through negotiating volume commission discounts on batched transactions.
In addition, the client may not receive the lowest available price with respect to certain transactions effected
for the client’s account. Clients that restrict the ability to execute trades for their accounts away from their
custodian through a prime broker services agreement may receive lower commissions for certain trades, but
may also be traded separately in a less advantageous manner than those trades which can be aggregated with
other accounts that allow for prime brokerage. Smaller size and certain other accounts are not eligible for
prime brokerage.
To the extent FIL places trades on behalf of client accounts, FIL will abide by its best execution policy,
which is substantially similar to FI’s best execution policy described above.
Soft Dollars
FI does not have any formal soft dollar arrangements where it uses a portion of commissions generated by
trades by clients’ accounts to pay specific amounts for research products and brokerage services from broker-
dealers or research vendors. However, broker-dealers that custody client assets or effect securities
transactions provide their own research services such as reports, access to website materials, and access to
their analysts. In some cases, FI uses that research if it is believed to be useful and of reasonable value, which
can be considered a soft-dollar benefit for FI even though there is no specific allocated amount of
commissions in order for FI to receive those benefits nor is there believed to be any impact to the transaction
costs for our clients. Additionally, some broker-dealers also provide FI with unsolicited research that FI
considers to have limited value and does not use, which also are technically considered soft dollar benefits
for FI.
Generally speaking, all of FI’s clients benefit from research services provided to FI by the brokers and
dealers who effect transactions for FI’s client accounts. FI periodically considers the value and usefulness of
proprietary research services available through broker-dealers as part of assessing FI’s overall relationship
with a broker-dealer and the quality of services provided, but FI does not make specific trading or
commission allocation decisions based on the research provided. FI’s receipt of research services from
brokers and dealers that effect transactions for FI’s client accounts does not reduce FI’s customary research
activities.
Order Aggregation
FI has adopted the following allocation policy and procedure for aggregating advisory clients’ trade orders.
• Orders will not be aggregated unless aggregation is consistent with our best execution duty and
the applicable advisory agreements.
• No advisory account will be consistently favored over any other account.
• Before entering an aggregated order, an electronic summary of the proposed allocation shall be made
in connection with that order.
FI’s IPC determines the securities to be purchased and sold in client accounts where FI acts with discretion.
FI will aggregate all Private Client group orders directed by the IPC by internal custodian designation
(“custodian code”), trade objective (“PM Order Reason”), and/or strategy group. The custodian code is
determined by, but not limited to, a combination of the Private Client account’s custodian, prime brokerage
eligibility, and order size. Blocks are not aggregated across custodians, and each custodial block would be
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treated as a separate brokerage ticket. Orders across Institutional and Private Clients will not be blocked and
will be executed separately.
FI uses Charles River (“CRD”) as its Order Management System (“OMS”). CRD facilitates the execution
of trades for the Institutional Group and Private Client Group.
• When transactions are aggregated into blocks:
– The actual execution prices applicable to the aggregated transaction will be averaged, and each
client account participating in the aggregated transaction will be deemed to have purchased or
sold its share of the security, instrument, or obligation involved at that average price; and
– All transaction costs incurred in effecting the aggregated transaction shall be shared on a pro
rata basis among all participating accounts, except to the extent certain broker-dealers that also
furnish custody services impose minimum transaction charges applicable to some of the
participating accounts. Client direction and restrictions may result in different costs for a
particular client.
• Where custodian limitations require us to send single orders, orders will not be blocked.
• For Private Clients, if it takes more than one day to complete a transaction for a security or group of
securities, the allocation order of accounts must be subject to a rotation by custodian within a
grouping of strategy models to ensure all accounts are treated equally over time. The IPC has
discretion in determining what grouping of strategy models trade together, including minimum
account sizes to avoid excessive costs to smaller accounts. A custodian rotation and random
allocation (CRD) is applied to each respective grouping. Within each custodian and strategy group,
“baskets” will be created by the Portfolio Implementation team as cash management tools, grouping
the trades within accounts and ensuring accounts are not debited during the random allocation
process. Baskets are randomly generated, and any basket that does not complete in full on a given
day will be allocated by CRD Account ID using the CRIMS Random Allocation Generator. Baskets
will be regenerated and randomized again if a subset of accounts is added to the custodian block
prior to the custodian being completed in full, and baskets are average priced by brokerage ticket
over the course of a trading day. Custodian rotations are tracked and the rotation is progressed with
the next block allocation. To ensure fairness in custodial rotations, a separate custodial rotation is
used for IPC-directed portfolio shifts and non-portfolio trades that affect a smaller subset of clients or
orders, including but not limited to trades resulting from corporate actions and tax optimizations.
• Orders will be allocated on a basis different from the above only if all clients receive fair treatment
and the reason for the different allocation is approved by a member of the IPC member in writing.
Common reasons for deviations include, but are not limited to, cash balance differences and relative
position sizes.
• Blocks executed with multiple brokers on a given day are allocated to the underlying accounts
using the CRIMS Random Allocation Generator.
• Groups of private client orders for a given security determined to be insignificant in size relative
to all existing orders for that security may be traded outside the rotation.
• During an IPC directed portfolio shift, FI traders may be executing given order(s) over multiple days
in a rotation. During this time, trades may have to be placed within client accounts to accommodate
client requests that overlap with the "Rebalance” orders. Where these orders are deemed non-
material/non-impactful to the broader rebalance, the Portfolio Implementation Group may enter
these orders as “Non-Rebalance” to be executed outside of the rotation as a separate custodial block
with a different average price from the “Rebalance” orders.
• Client mandated orders are generally segregated from existing blocks and executed at the market. If
it is deemed that executing the order at the market may have significant market impact, the order will
be executed with discretion.
• Certain private client accounts with special mandates or restrictions will not be included in the
rotation process. In order to satisfy the requirements and restrictions for these accounts, they will
be traded separately. For that reason, these accounts will normally be traded after trades have
been executed in other accounts managed by FI and, therefore these accounts have the potential
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to be executed on different terms, which can be less or more favorable and less promptly
depending on market conditions. Clients with these special accounts are informed of these
limitations.
• European private client custodian blocks may be traded outside the regular rotation if trading
cannot be executed at the appropriate time due to the absence of trading personnel at the
custodian’s local European offices or custodian specific execution restrictions. Rotation
deviations of this nature may cause the clients to receive better or worse execution prices than
would be received if they remained in the regular rotation.
• Private client orders to unwind option positions associated with equity positions will be
segregated from existing blocks. The equity and option orders will generally be executed as
close together as possible.
• Sell short orders will be segregated from sell orders.
• Trades that require shortened settlement will be segregated from existing blocks.
• Trades placed to correct errors in client accounts will be executed at the market separately from
any existing blocks and will not be aggregated with any IPC block trades. If it is deemed that
executing the order at the market may have significant market impact, the order will be executed
with discretion.
• Orders of material size entered in individual accounts as compared to other accounts within an
•
existing block may be segregated and executed separately for the purpose of saving such clients
explicit cost (commission). Additionally, if an order is entered intraday and blocking with
existing orders may significantly change the average price of the block, the order may be
segregated and executed separately at the discretion of the Trading department.
If the custodian/broker receives multiple orders for the same side and symbol at different times
and is unable to average price all executions due to system limitations, it is permissible to book
such trades at their different, respective prices.
• FX trade orders for Private Clients are executed outside of Fisher’s OMS directly in client
accounts with the applicable custodian. Private Client FX trade orders will not normally be
aggregated because of the varied timing and custodians involved for affected clients.
• Books and records will reflect separately for each account the securities held, bought, and sold.
•
Individual investment advice and treatment will be provided to each client’s account.
• FI does not participate in initial public offerings and therefore has no allocation policy with
respect to such offerings.
• No additional compensation or remuneration of any kind will be received by FI as a result of the
procedure referenced above.
Trading Errors
Trading errors sometimes happen for various reasons that may or may not be FI’s responsibility. FI handles
trading errors according to its trade error policy and procedure, including the use of trade error accounts
intended to absorb unfavorable consequences of trade errors (as well as favorable consequences when
deemed not beneficial to the client) to reduce the chance that clients would be affected. FI aggregates the
balances of its error accounts among various broker-dealer and bank custody accounts on a quarterly basis to
determine whether to donate aggregate gains to charity or to contribute to one or more accounts for aggregate
losses. In any event, the client will always be made whole and soft dollars will never be used to correct trade
errors.
Review of Accounts
Periodic Reviews
Account information, including quantities and values of securities held, the amounts of cash and cash
equivalents, and account transaction activity for each client is maintained in FI’s computer systems. This
account information is reconciled against statements or electronic files from appropriate custodial agents
generally daily, but no less than monthly.
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Review Triggers
All existing managed accounts are subject to periodic reviews depending on the criteria being evaluated.
Most reviews utilize computer-generated exception reports from FI’s portfolio management and accounting
systems. Cash balance, position count, position size, asset allocation, country weight, and sector weight
reports are among the measures periodically evaluated. Additionally, ad hoc reports supplement the review
process. FI’s Implementation Manager, under the supervision of the Group Vice President of Research,
oversees the daily operations of the existing account review process.
The IPC consists of five members: the Executive Chairman, a Vice Chairman, an Executive Vice President,
and two Senior Vice Presidents. They collectively determine firm investment policy and are responsible for
managing broad investment strategies. All are actively engaged in securities and capital markets research
contributing to the review process.
Regular Reports
Clients receive a quarterly accounting showing asset value by security, unit cost, total cost, cash balances,
current per share values, etc. Clients are urged to compare the quarterly reports provided by FI with those
provided by their custodian and notify FI of any differences. Additionally, clients regularly receive Quarterly
Reviews, which include the IPC’s general economic outlook and current investment trends. Clients are
encouraged to phone or write FI as often as they deem necessary to receive information regarding the
investment tactics and strategies being followed. Upon specific client request, FI will prepare written
portfolio analysis and reports to satisfy the client’s informational needs.
Client Referrals and Other Compensation
Referrals
From time to time, FI has client referral relationships with outside vendors and will pay a referral fee to these
vendors. There is no increase in fees that clients will pay Fisher as a result of the referral fees that fi pays to
outside vendors. Conflicts of interest exist with respect to these referral relationships, as FI receives certain
economic benefits through its participation in these relationships. FI also has incentives for its personnel to
solicit and refer clients. FI occasionally pays a referral fee to third-party solicitors. No referral fee is paid
unless the referral arrangement and any compensation paid are disclosed. FI’s participation in referral
relationships does not reduce or eliminate FI’s fiduciary duties to put the interests of its clients first and seek
best execution in securities transactions on behalf of its clients.
FI receives compensation to refer prospective clients and clients to non-affiliated investment advisers.
Conflicts of interest exist with these referral relationships. No referral will occur unless consent has been
obtained from the prospective client or client and the referral arrangement and any compensation paid are
disclosed.
Other Compensation
FI has obligations under referral programs with custodians with respect to certain clients, including certain
clients who become clients of FI as part of its merger and acquisition activities. Pursuant to such programs,
FI is obligated to pay the custodian an ongoing fee, usually as a percentage of the fees billed to the account or
a percentage of the assets in the account, with a one-time fee generally payable in the event the account is
transferred away from such custodian. Since the one-time fee is generally higher than the ongoing fee, FI
will have an incentive to maintain the account at the existing custodian.
FI receives very limited income from speaking, writing, and royalties—all related to finance and investing.
Ken Fisher receives royalties from his books. In addition, FI currently receives income for books published
under Fisher Investments Press, an imprint series published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Custody
Account Statements
FI is not a broker-dealer and does not take possession of client assets. FI client assets are housed in nationally
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recognized brokerage firms and banks, otherwise known as custodians. FI has a limited power of attorney to
place trades on the client’s behalf. The custodian will issue trade confirmations and monthly statements
directly to clients, while the client’s account will be managed by FI. Clients are urged to compare the
information in their quarterly FI statements with the statements provided by their custodian.
FI will work with the client and custodian to open and establish a custodian account. It is possible a
prospective client will be assigned to a new custodian even if their existing account is at a custodian FI uses.
Once opened, FI will notify the client of the custodian’s name, address, and the manner in which the funds or
securities are maintained, and promptly thereafter of any changes to this information.
Direct Debit of Fees
FI does have the ability to directly debit fees from clients’ accounts. FI has policies and procedures in place
to ensure fees are calculated correctly and in accordance with clients’ agreed upon rates. Refer to the Fee
Billing under Fees and Compensation section above.
Investment Discretion
Discretionary Authority for Trading and Limited Power of Attorney
FI generally has limited power of attorney to act on a fully discretionary basis on clients’ behalf. When such
limited powers exist between FI and a client, FI chooses the amount and type of securities to be bought and
sold to satisfy account objectives. This is the case with most of FI’s clients. Additionally, FI accepts any
reasonable limitation or restriction to such authority placed by the client. Refer to the Methods of Analysis,
Investment Strategies and Risk of Loss section above. All limitations and restrictions placed on accounts
must be provided to FI in writing.
Voting Client Securities
Proxy Votes
Generally, except to the extent that a client otherwise instructs FI in writing, FI will vote (by proxy or
otherwise) on all matters for which a shareholder vote is solicited by, or with respect to, issuers of securities
beneficially held in client accounts in such manner as FI deems appropriate in accordance with its written
policies and procedures. These policies and procedures set forth guidelines for voting (or abstaining from
voting) many typical proxy proposals. FI regularly reviews these guidelines. In certain instances the IPC will
determine it is in the client’s best interest to vary from the guidelines or the proxy issue will require
individual case-by-case consideration under the guidelines. Where a proxy proposal raises a material conflict
of interest between the interests of FI and its clients, FI will vote in accordance with the guidelines where FI
does not have discretion to vary from the guidelines. Alternatively, FI will obtain voting direction from
Institutional Shareholder Services (“ISS”), an independent third-party proxy service provider, disclose the
conflict of interest to the client and abstain from voting, or obtain client consent prior to voting the securities.
Clients may obtain a copy of FI’s proxy voting policies and procedures and/or information on how FI has
voted the client’s securities by written request to FI. There may also be a variety of corporate actions or other
matters for which shareholder action is required or solicited and with respect to which FI may take action
that it deems appropriate in its best judgment except to the extent otherwise required by agreement with the
client. These actions may include, for example and without limitation, tender offers or exchanges, and
bankruptcy proceedings. Unless FI otherwise agrees in writing, FI will not have any duty or obligation to
advise or take any action on behalf of clients in any legal proceedings, including bankruptcies or class
actions, involving securities held in or formerly held in the client’s account or the issuers of securities. At the
client’s written request, FI will assist when practical with administrative matters regarding any settlement or
judgment.
Financial Information
Financial Condition
FI does not require or solicit prepayment of fees. FI is currently not in, nor has been historically in a
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financially precarious situation, or the subject to a bankruptcy petition.
Additional Information: Fair Valuation
In separate accounts and certain funds FI manages, FI is responsible for determining the fair value of illiquid
securities and other holdings in the unlikely event a price is not readily available or after a significant event
materially affects the value of a security between the time of its last sale on the exchange or market in which
the security trades, and the US market close. FI’s Valuation Committee meets as necessary when a price is
not readily available and will determine if the value of a security should be re-evaluated to reflect a more
current fair market value. Custodians for some clients have alternative valuation procedures that will apply to
accounts managed by FI. Some funds, including the collective funds advised by FI, are subject to the
valuation policies of their trustee or administrator.
Additional Information: Privacy
FI is committed to privacy and will only use information by which individuals can be identified (“Personal
Data”) in accordance with its Joint FIUK and FI privacy and cookie policy for UK-based individuals located
at https://www.fisherinvestments.com/en-gb/privacy. This policy applies to Fisher Investments UK’s
website and all interactions of Fisher Investments UK and/or FI with UK-based individuals.
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