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Item 1: Cover Page
Part 2A of Form ADV: Firm Brochure
July 2025
10603 West Sam Houston Parkway North, Suite 450
Houston, Texas 77064
www.graniteharbor.com
Firm Contact:
Tasha Slawson
Chief Compliance Officer
This brochure provides information about the qualifications and business practices of Granite Harbor
Advisors, Inc. If you have any questions about the contents of this brochure, please contact us by
telephone at (832) 461-0789 or email at info@graniteharbor.com. The information in this brochure
has not been approved or verified by the United States Securities and Exchange Commission or by
any State Securities Authority.
Additional information about Granite Harbor Advisors, Inc. also is available on the SEC’s website at
www.adviserinfo.sec.gov by searching CRD# 179523.
Please note that the use of the term “registered investment adviser” and description of Granite
Harbor Advisors, Inc. and/or our associates as “registered” does not imply a certain level of skill or
training. You are encouraged to review this Brochure and Brochure Supplements for our firm’s
associates who advise you for more information on the qualifications of our firm and our employees.
Item 2: Material Changes
Granite Harbor Advisors, Inc. (GHA) is required to advise you of any material changes to the Firm
Brochure (“Brochure”) from our last annual update.
Since our last Annual Amendment filing, our firm has the following material changes to disclose:
• Tasha Slawson has replaced Nicholas Brown as our Chief Compliance Officer.
• We have increased the maximum fees for Financial Planning & Consulting services to allow us
to offer more in-depth engagements of complex services for clients who wish for them. Please
see Item 5 below for further information.
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Granite Harbor Advisors, Inc.
Item 3: Table of Contents
Item 1: Cover Page .................................................................................................................................................................... 1
Item 2: Material Changes ....................................................................................................................................................... 2
Item 3: Table of Contents ....................................................................................................................................................... 3
Item 4: Advisory Business ..................................................................................................................................................... 4
Item 5: Fees & Compensation .............................................................................................................................................. 6
Item 6: Performance-Based Fees & Side-By-Side Management ............................................................................. 8
Item 7: Types of Clients & Account Requirements ...................................................................................................... 8
Item 8: Methods of Analysis, Investment Strategies & Risk of Loss ..................................................................... 8
Item 9: Disciplinary Information ..................................................................................................................................... 10
Item 10: Other Financial Industry Activities & Affiliations ................................................................................... 10
Item 11: Code of Ethics, Participation, or Interest in ............................................................................................... 11
Item 12: Brokerage Practices ............................................................................................................................................ 12
Item 13: Review of Accounts or Financial Plans ....................................................................................................... 18
Item 14: Client Referrals & Other Compensation ...................................................................................................... 18
Item 15: Custody .................................................................................................................................................................... 19
Item 16: Investment Discretion ....................................................................................................................................... 21
Item 17: Voting Client Securities ..................................................................................................................................... 21
Item 18: Financial Information ......................................................................................................................................... 21
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Granite Harbor Advisors, Inc.
Item 4: Advisory Business
We are dedicated to providing individuals and other types of clients with a wide array of investment
advisory services. Our firm is a corporation formed in the State of Texas. Our firm has been in
business as an independent investment adviser since May 2015 and is owned by Brian W.
Sak, Timothy B. Smith, and Nicholas M. Brown.
Description of the Types of Advisory Services We Offer
Wrap Portfolio Management:
Please see our Form ADV Part 2A: Appendix 1 (Wrap Brochure) for comprehensive information
regarding our Wrap Portfolio Management service.
Asset Management:
As part of our Asset Management service, a portfolio is created, consisting of individual stocks, bonds,
exchange traded funds (“ETFs”), options, mutual funds and other public and private securities or
investments. The client’s individual investment strategy is tailored to their specific needs and may
include some or all of the previously mentioned securities. Portfolios will be designed to meet a
particular investment goal, determined to be suitable to the client’s circumstances. Once the appropriate
portfolio has been determined, portfolios are continuously and regularly monitored, and if necessary,
rebalanced based upon the client’s individual needs, stated goals and objectives.
Financial Planning & Consulting:
We provide a variety of financial planning and consulting services to individuals, families, and other
clients regarding the management of their financial resources based upon an analysis of the client’s
current situation, goals, and objectives. Generally, such financial planning services will involve
preparing a financial plan or rendering a financial consultation for clients based on the client’s
financial goals and objectives. This planning or consulting may encompass one or more of the
following areas:
Investment Planning, Retirement Planning, Estate Planning, Charitable
Planning, Education Planning, Corporate and Personal Tax Planning, Corporate Structure,
Real Estate Analysis, Mortgage/Debt Analysis, Insurance Analysis, Lines of Credit Evaluation,
Business and Personal Financial Planning, Business Continuity and Succession Planning,
Private Market and Alternatives Analysis, and Family Governance.
Our written financial plans or financial consultations rendered to clients usually include general
recommendations for a course of activity or specific actions to be taken by the clients. For example,
recommendations may be made that the clients begin or revise investment programs, create or revise
wills or trusts, obtain or revise insurance coverage, commence or alter retirement savings, or
establish education or charitable giving programs. It should also be noted that we refer clients to an
accountant, attorney, or other specialist, as necessary for non-advisory-related services. For written
financial planning engagements, we provide our clients with a written summary of their financial
situation, observations, and recommendations. For financial consulting engagements, we usually do
not provide our clients with a written summary of our observations and recommendations as the
process is less formal than our planning service. Plans or consultations are typically completed within
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Granite Harbor Advisors, Inc.
six (6) months of the client signing a contract with us, assuming that all the information and
documents we request from the client are provided to us promptly. Implementation of the
recommendations will be at the discretion of the client.
Retirement Plan Consulting:
We provide Retirement Plan Consulting services to employer plan sponsors on a one-time or ongoing
basis. Generally, such Retirement Plan Consulting services consist of assisting employer plan
sponsors in establishing, monitoring, and reviewing their company's participant-directed retirement
plan. As the needs of the plan sponsor dictate, areas of advising could include: development of an
investment policy statement, investment management, selection of qualified default investment
alternatives, and plan participant education.
All Retirement Plan Consulting services shall be in compliance with the applicable state law(s)
regulating Retirement Plans. This applies to client accounts that are pension or other employee
benefit plans (“Plan”) governed by the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as
amended (“ERISA”). If the client accounts are part of a Plan, and we accept appointments to provide
our services to such accounts, we acknowledge that we are a fiduciary within the meaning of Section
3(21) of ERISA (but only with respect to the provision of services described in section 1 of the
Retirement Plan Consulting Agreement).
Tailoring of Advisory Services
We offer individualized investment advice to clients utilizing our Wrap Portfolio Management and
Asset Management service. Additionally, we offer general investment advice to clients utilizing our
Financial Planning & Consulting and Retirement Plan Consulting services.
Each client has the opportunity to place reasonable restrictions on the types of investments to be held
in the portfolio. Restrictions on investments in certain securities or types of securities may not be
possible due to the level of difficulty this would entail in managing the account. Restrictions would
be limited to our Wrap Portfolio Management, Asset Management and Retirement Plan Consulting
services.
Participation in Wrap Fee Programs
Our firm offers and sponsors a wrap fee program, as further described in Part 2A, Appendix 1 (the
“Wrap Fee Program Brochure”). Our firm does not manage wrap fee accounts in a different fashion
than non-wrap fee accounts. All accounts are managed on an individualized basis according to the
client’s investment objectives, financial goals, risk tolerance, etc.
Regulatory Assets Under Management
As of December 31, 2024, our firm manages $556,725,685 on a discretionary basis and $4,656,392
on a non-discretionary basis, totaling $561,382,077 in aggregate Assets Under Management.
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Granite Harbor Advisors, Inc.
Item 5: Fees & Compensation
How We Are Compensated for Our Advisory Services
Wrap Portfolio Management:
Please see our ADV 2A Appendix 1: Wrap Fee Program Brochure for details on the fees and
compensation arrangements pertinent to our Portfolio Management services.
Asset Management:
The maximum annual fee charged for this service will not exceed 1.00%. Fees to be assessed will be
outlined in the advisory agreement to be signed by the client. Our firm bills on cash unless indicated
otherwise in writing. Annualized fees are billed on a pro-rata basis monthly in arrears based on the
value of the account(s) on the average daily balance of the month. Certain illiquid securities may
have a valuation lag in which case we will bill on the most recently available valuation. Fees are
negotiable and will be deducted from client account(s). Our firm does not offer direct invoicing. As
part of this process, Clients understand the following:
a) The client’s independent custodian sends statements at least quarterly showing the market
values for each security included in the Assets and all account disbursements, including the
amount of the advisory fees paid to our firm;
b) Clients will provide authorization permitting our firm to be directly paid by these terms. Our
firm will send an invoice directly to the custodian; and
c) If our firm sends a copy of our invoice to the client, a legend urging the comparison of
information provided in our statement with those from the qualified custodian will be
included.
Financial Planning & Consulting:
We charge on an hourly or flat fee basis for financial planning and consulting services. The total
estimated fee, as well as the ultimate fee that we charge you, is based on the scope and complexity of
our engagement with you. Our maximum hourly fee is $1,000, and our maximum flat fee is $150,000.
The client has the option of having the financial planning and consulting fee deducted from their
managed account or be billed directly. If the client elects to have the fee billed directly, the fee will be
due to us within thirty (30) days of your financial plan being delivered or consultation being
rendered to you. In all cases, we will not require a retainer exceeding $1,200 when services cannot
be rendered within 6 (six) months. If at any point the client is not satisfied with the service, our
firm will issue a full refund of the fees received.
Retirement Plan Consulting:
Our maximum fee for our Retirement Plan Consulting service is 1.00% of the assets under
advisement. We may also charge on an hourly basis for one-time consulting services. The total
estimated fee, as well as the ultimate fee that we charge you, is based on the scope and complexity of
our engagement with you.
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Granite Harbor Advisors, Inc.
Our firm’s annualized fees are generally billed on a pro-rata basis monthly or quarterly in arrears
based on an average daily balance of the account(s) value during the billing period. Hourly
engagements will be billed directly.
Due to limitations at certain custodial platforms, we may bill based upon the account balance as of
the final day of the previous billing period. The specific fee-paying arrangements for Retirement Plan
Consulting service will be determined on a case-by-case basis and will be detailed in the signed
Retirement Plan Consulting Agreement.
Other Types of Fees & Expenses
Non-Wrap Clients will incur transaction fees for trades executed by their chosen custodian, via
individual transaction charges. These transaction fees are separate from our firm’s advisory fees and
will be disclosed by the chosen custodian. Charles Schwab & Co., Inc. (“Schwab”) does not charge
transaction fees for U.S. listed equities and exchange traded funds.
Clients may also pay holdings charges imposed by the chosen custodian for certain investments,
charges imposed directly by a mutual fund, index fund, or exchange traded fund, which shall be
disclosed in the fund’s prospectus (e.g., fund management fees and other fund expenses), distribution
fees, surrender charges, variable annuity fees, IRA and qualified retirement plan fees, mark-ups and
mark-downs, spreads paid to market makers, fees for trades executed away from custodian, wire
transfer fees and other fees and taxes on brokerage accounts and securities transactions. Our firm
does not receive a portion of these fees.
Wrap fee clients will receive our Form ADV, Part 2A, Appendix 1 (the “Wrap Fee Program Brochure”).
Wrap fee clients will not incur transaction costs for trades. More information about this is disclosed
in our separate Wrap Fee Program Brochure.
Termination & Refunds
We charge our advisory fees quarterly or monthly in arrears. If you wish to terminate our services,
you need to contact us in writing and state that you wish to cancel the advisory agreement. Upon
receipt of your letter of termination, we will proceed to close out your account and charge you a pro-
rata advisory fee(s) for services rendered up to the point of termination.
Commissionable Securities Sales
Our firm and representatives do not sell securities for a commission in advisory accounts.
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Item 6: Performance-Based Fees & Side-By-Side Management
We do not accept performance-based fees for our advisory services. However, our firm is in receipt
of performance fees related to our role with Cypress Vieux Investors, LLC, and Granite Harbor - West
Allis GP, LLC as described in Item 10 below. These fees are only applicable to investors in the fund.
Item 7: Types of Clients & Account Requirements
Our firm works with the following types of clients:
•
Individuals and High Net Worth Individuals;
• Trusts, Estates or Charitable Organizations;
• Corporations, Limited Liability Companies and/or Other Business Types; and
•
Insurance Companies
We require a minimum household balance of $250,000 for our Wrap Portfolio Management and Asset
Management services. This minimum account balance requirement may be negotiable and would be
required throughout the course of the client’s relationship with our firm.
Item 8: Methods of Analysis, Investment Strategies & Risk of Loss
Representatives of our firm are generally given full discretion for our Wrap Portfolio Management
service to manage client assets based upon information obtained from the client, including without
limitation, a client’s current financial status, investment objectives/goals, and risk tolerances. Our
representatives will accordingly make recommendations based upon the information provided and
may allocate a client’s portfolio into any range of various investment products, such as mutual funds,
stocks, bonds, exchange traded funds (EFT’s) and others that are suitable based upon a client’s
individual needs. Representatives of our firm are charged with continuous monitoring of client
portfolios to respond to a change in a client’s investment objectives, risk tolerances or financial
condition that may warrant a change in the strategy employed or recommendations made. Likewise,
client accounts are periodically reviewed by our firm to ensure consistency of program strategies
and performance with clients’ stated objectives.
Our representatives may use several sources to gather information including by not limited to
Financial Newspapers and Magazines, Research Materials prepared by others, Corporate rating
services, Timing services, Annual reports, prospectuses, filings with the SEC, Company press releases
and other materials providing investment related information.
Our firm will make long-term purchases (securities held at least a year), short term purchases
(securities sold within a year), trading (securities sold within 30 days). Generally, there is more risk
involved with shorter trading.
Strategies employed by our firm may include, but are not limited to: Conservative, Income, Growth &
Income, Growth, and Aggressive. Investing in securities involves risk of loss that clients should be
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Granite Harbor Advisors, Inc.
prepared to bear. Our firm does not represent or guarantee that its services and recommendations
can or will predict future results, successfully identify market tops or bottoms, or insulate clients
from losses due to market corrections or declines. Equity based mutual funds are subject to risks
similar to those of stocks, including market risk, which is the risk that investment returns will
fluctuate and are subject to market volatility, so that an investor’s shares, when redeemed or sold,
may be worth more or less than their original cost. International mutual funds are subject to
fluctuations due to changes in a currency’s exchange rate and political risk. Fixed-income mutual
funds (bond funds) fluctuate with the bond market.
Fixed income risks include credit risk (the risk that a company or bond issuer may fail to pay principal
and interest payments in a timely manner); interest rate risk (the risk that the market value of the
bonds will go down when interest rates go up); and prepayment risk (the risk that a bond will be paid
off early). Our firm cannot offer any guarantees or promises that a client’s financial goals and
objectives will be met. Past performance is in no way an indication of future performance.
Options: An option is a financial derivative that represents a contract sold by one party (the option
writer) to another party (the option holder, or option buyer). The contract offers the buyer the right,
but not the obligation, to buy or sell a security or other financial asset at an agreed-upon price (the
strike price) during a certain period of time or on a specific date (exercise date). Options are
extremely versatile securities. Traders use options to speculate, which is a relatively risky practice,
while hedgers use options to reduce the risk of holding an asset. In terms of speculation, option
buyers and writers have conflicting views regarding the outlook on the performance of a:
• Call Option: Call options give the option to buy at certain price, so the buyer would want the
stock to go up. Conversely, the option writer needs to provide the underlying shares in the
event that the stock's market price exceeds the strike due to the contractual obligation. An
option writer who sells a call option believes that the underlying stock's price will drop
relative to the option's strike price during the life of the option, as that is how he will reap
maximum profit. This is exactly the opposite outlook of the option buyer. The buyer believes
that the underlying stock will rise; if this happens, the buyer will be able to acquire the stock
for a lower price and then sell it for a profit. However, if the underlying stock does not close
above the strike price on the expiration date, the option buyer would lose the premium paid
for the call option.
• Put Option: Put options give the option to sell at a certain price, so the buyer would want the
stock to go down. The opposite is true for put option writers. For example, a put option buyer
is bearish on the underlying stock and believes its market price will fall below the specified
strike price on or before a specified date. On the other hand, an option writer who sells a put
option believes the underlying stock's price will increase about a specified price on or before
the expiration date. If the underlying stock's price closes above the specified strike price on
the expiration date, the put option writer's maximum profit is achieved. Conversely, a put
option holder would only benefit from a fall in the underlying stock's price below the strike
price. If the underlying stock's price falls below the strike price, the put option writer is
obligated to purchase shares of the underlying stock at the strike price.
The potential risks associated with these transactions are that (1) all options expire. The closer the
option gets to expiration, the quicker the premium in the option deteriorates; and (2) Prices can move
very quickly. Depending on factors such as time until expiration and the relationship of the stock
price to the option’s strike price, small movements in a stock can translate into big movements in the
underlying options.
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Alternative Investments: Hedge funds, commodity pools, Real Estate Investment Trusts (“REITs”),
Business Development Companies (“BDCs”), and other alternative investments involve a high degree of
risk and can be illiquid due to restrictions on transfer and lack of a secondary trading market. They can
be highly leveraged, speculative and volatile, and an investor could lose all or a substantial amount of an
investment. Alternative investments may lack transparency as to share price, valuation and portfolio
holdings. Complex tax structures often result in delayed tax reporting. Compared to mutual funds, hedge
funds and commodity pools are subject to less regulation and often charge higher fees and may require
“capital calls” which would require additional investment. Alternative investment managers typically
exercise broad investment discretion and may apply similar strategies across multiple investment
vehicles, resulting in less diversification.
Private Funds: A private fund is an investment vehicle that pools capital from a number of investors
and invests in securities and other instruments. In almost all cases, a private fund is a private
investment vehicle that is typically not registered under federal or state securities laws. So that private
funds do not have to register under these laws, issuers make the funds available only to certain
sophisticated or accredited investors and cannot be offered or sold to the general public. Private funds
are generally smaller than mutual funds because they are often limited to a small number of investors
and have a more limited number of eligible investors. Many but not all private funds use leverage as part
of their investment strategies. Private funds management fees typically include a base management fee
along with a performance component. In many cases, the fund’s managers may become “partners” with
their clients by making personal investments of their own assets in the fund. Most private funds offer
their securities by providing an offering memorandum or private placement memorandum, known as
“PPM” for short.
The PPM covers important information for investors and investors should review this document
carefully and should consider conducting additional due diligence before investing in the private fund.
The primary risks of private funds include the following: (a) Private funds do not sell publicly and are
therefore illiquid. An investor may not be able to exit a private fund or sell its interests in the fund
before the fund closes.; and (b) Private funds are subject to various other risks, including risks
associated with the types of securities that the private fund invests in or the type of business issuing the
private placement.
Private Equity: Private equity is an equity investment into non-public companies. Private equity is an
illiquid investment for which there is no active secondary market. Risks associated with private equity
include:
• Funding Risk: The unpredictable timing of cash flows poses funding risks to investors.
Commitments are contractually binding and defaulting on payments results in the loss of private
equity partnership interests. This risk is also commonly referred to as default risk.
• Liquidity Risk: The illiquidity of private equity partnership interests exposes investors to asset
liquidity risk associated with selling in the secondary market at a discount on the reported NAV.
• Market Risk: The fluctuation of the market has an impact on the value of the investments held in
the portfolio.
• Capital Risk: The realization value of private equity investments can be affected by numerous
factors, including (but not limited to) the quality of the fund manager, equity market exposure,
interest rates and foreign exchange.
Real Estate Investment Trusts (“REITs”): REITs primarily invest in real estate or real estate-related
loans. Equity REITs own real estate properties, while mortgage REITs hold construction, development
and/or long-term mortgage loans. Changes in the value of the underlying property of the trusts, the
creditworthiness of the issuer, property taxes, interest rates, tax laws, and regulatory requirements,
such as those relating to the environment all can affect the values of REITs. REITs are dependent upon
management skill, the cash flows generated by their holdings, the real estate market in general, and the
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Granite Harbor Advisors, Inc.
possibility of failing to qualify for any applicable pass-through tax treatment or failing to maintain any
applicable exempted status afforded under relevant laws.
REITs involve a high degree of risk and can be illiquid due to restrictions on transfer and lack of a
secondary trading market. They can be highly leveraged, speculative and volatile, and an investor could
lose all or a substantial amount of an investment. Additionally, they may lack transparency as to share
price, valuation and portfolio holdings as they are subject to less regulation and often charge higher fees.
Structured Products: Structured products are designed to facilitate highly customized risk-return
objectives. While structured products come in many different forms, they typically consist of a debt
security that is structured to make interest and principal payments based upon various assets, rates or
formulas. Many structured products include an embedded derivative component. Structured products
may be structured in the form of a security, in which case these products may receive benefits provided
under federal securities law, or they may be cast as derivatives, in which case they are offered in the
over-the-counter market and are subject to no regulation.
Investing in structured products includes significant risks, including valuation, lack of liquidity, price,
credit and market risks. The relative lack of liquidity is due to the highly customized nature of the
investment and the fact that the full extent of returns from the complex performance features is often
not realized until maturity. Another risk with structured products is the credit quality of the issuer.
Although the cash flows are derived from other sources, the products themselves are legally considered
to be the issuing financial institution's liabilities. The vast majority of structured products are from high-
investment-grade issuers only. Also, there is a lack of pricing transparency. There is no uniform
standard for pricing, making it harder to compare the net-of-pricing attractiveness of alternative
structured product offerings than it is, for instance, to compare the net expense ratios of different
mutual funds or commissions among broker-dealers.
Margin Loans: Our firm may allow or recommend that you to pledge securities from your portfolio as
collateral for a loan by using margin in brokerage account. This allows you to own more stock than you
would be able to with your available cash. Margin accounts and transactions are risky and not
necessarily appropriate for every client.
The potential risks associated with these transactions are (1) You can lose more funds than are
deposited into the margin account; (2) the forced sale of securities or other assets in your account;
(3) the sale of securities or other assets without contacting you; (4) you may not be entitled to choose
which securities or other assets in your account(s) are liquidated or sold to meet a margin call; and
(5) custodians charge interest on margin balances which will reduce your returns over time.
Item 9: Disciplinary Information
In December 2013, Brian Sak entered into an Acceptance, Waiver, and Consent with the Financial
Industry Regulatory Authority for not disclosing an outside business activity to AXA Advisors, LLC, Sak’s
employing firm at the time of the disclosure. Without admitting or denying the findings, Sak consented
to the described sanction and to the entry of findings. Therefore, he was fined $5,000 and was
suspended from association with any FINRA Member in any capacity for 30 days. The suspension was in
effect from January 6, 2014, through February 4, 2014.
Item 10: Other Financial Industry Activities & Affiliations
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Representatives of our firm are licensed insurance agents/brokers. They may offer products
and receive normal and customary commissions as a result of these transactions. A conflict of
interest may arise as these commissionable insurance sales may create an incentive to recommend
products based on the compensation they may earn. To mitigate this potential conflict of interest,
our firm’s representatives will adhere to our firm’s Code of Ethics and only offer suitable products
that are in the best interests of the client. Additionally, clients are free to purchase insurance
products from any insurance company and are not obligated to purchase these products
through our firm’s representatives.
GHA, through our ownership of Cypress Vieux Manager, LLC (Fund Manager), sponsors and
offers interests in Cypress Vieux Investors, LLC (Cypress Fund) a private equity fund.
Through our ownership in the Fund Manager, we receive a management and performance fee
charged to investors in the Cypress Fund. The receipt of this compensation creates a conflict of
interest which could incentivize our representatives to recommend client investments in this fund.
GHA will adhere to our fiduciary duty and only make such recommendations when we deem them
to be in the client’s best interest.
GHA, through our ownership of Granite Harbor - West Allis GP, LLC (Fund Manager),sponsors and
offers interests in Granite Harbor - West Allis Investors, LP (West Allis Fund) a private fund. Through
our ownership in the Fund Manager, we receive a management and performance fee charged to
investors in the West Allis Fund. The receipt of this compensation creates a conflict of interest which
could incentivize our representatives to recommend client investments in this fund. GHA will adhere
to our fiduciary duty and only make such recommendations when we deem them to be in the client’s
best interest.
Our firm also has an affiliation with Granite Harbor Group (“GHG”) via ownership interests of some
of our management personnel. While our representatives may offer these insurance services to
clients of our firm, those clients are not obligated to purchase such products through our affiliated
firm and are free to purchase these products from any insurance company. GHG receives financial
incentives from Clarity 2 Prosperity “C2P”, an annuity distribution network. These incentives
reimburse outside vendors for marketing efforts, from which Granite Harbor Advisors may also
benefit. These incentives are directly tied to GHGs use of C2P’s distribution network but are not
contingent upon any future business to be directed to their network. Incentives from C2P are not
reimbursable to GHA or GHG for cash consideration and are only directly paid to outside
vendors. Nonetheless, it creates a conflict of interest that may incentivize GHG to utilize their
network or products available through their network. Our firm will adhere to our fiduciary duty to
act in our client’s best interest when selecting what products to use for advisory clients.
As mentioned in Item 4 above, our firm has a relationship with SEI Investments Company (“SEI”),
where SEI will provide our firm with various programs for management of client assets. As part of
this process, we will provide initial due diligence on the programs available, gather information from
clients about their financial situation, investment objectives, and restrictions, and deliver the
required account paperwork and disclosure documents if the client selects a program. Prior to
referring clients to SEI, we will ensure that they are licensed, or notice filed with the respective
authorities. Fees for sub-advisory services rendered to our clients by SEI are billed on a pro-rata basis
quarterly in arrears based on the average daily balance of the account(s) value during the billing
period. Our firm calculates the quarterly fee due to us and instructs SEI the amount to deduct from
your managed account. Our fee will be in addition to fees that are imposed by SEI for programs and
managers they make available, which they deduct separately. SEI establishes and maintains their
own separate billing processes, which we have no control of. The advisory fee paid by the client shall
not exceed the fee published for this service in item 5. The terms and conditions under which the
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client shall engage SEI will be set forth in a separate agreement between the client and SEI.
Item 11: Code of Ethics, Participation, or Interest in
Client Transactions & Personal Trading
An investment adviser is considered a fiduciary and our firm has a fiduciary duty to all clients. As a
fiduciary, it is an investment adviser’s responsibility to provide fair and full disclosure of all material
facts and to act solely in the best interest of each of our clients at all times. Our fiduciary duty is
considered the core underlying principle for our Code of Ethics which also includes Insider Trading
and Personal Securities Transactions Policies and Procedures. If a client or a potential client wishes to
review our Code of Ethics in its entirety, a copy will be provided upon request.
We recognize that the personal investment transactions of members and employees of our firm
demand the application of a high Code of Ethics and require that all such transactions be carried out
in a way that does not endanger the interest of any client. At the same time, we believe that if
investment goals are similar for clients and for members and employees of our firm, it is logical and
even desirable that there be common ownership of some securities.
Therefore, to prevent conflicts of interest, we have in place a set of procedures (including a pre-clearing
procedure) with respect to transactions effected by our members, officers and employees for their
personal accounts1. To monitor compliance with our personal trading policy, we have a quarterly
securities transaction reporting system for all of our associates. Upon employment or affiliation and at
least annually thereafter, all supervised persons will sign an acknowledgement that they have read,
understand, and agree to comply with our Code of Ethics.
Neither our firm nor a related person recommends to clients, or buys or sells for client accounts,
securities in which our firm or a related person has a material financial interest. Related persons of
our firm may buy or sell securities and other investments that are also recommended to clients. To
minimize this conflict of interest, our related persons will place client interests ahead of their own
interests and adhere to our firm’s Code of Ethics. Further, our related persons will refrain from buying
or selling the same securities prior to buying or selling for our clients in the same day. If related persons’
accounts are included in a block trade, our related persons’ accounts will be traded in the same manner
every time.
Our firm and supervised persons must conduct business in an honest, ethical, and fair manner and avoid
all circumstances that might negatively affect or appear to affect our duty of complete loyalty to all
clients. This disclosure is provided to give all clients a summary of our Code of Ethics.
Item 12: Brokerage Practices
Selecting a Brokerage Firm
We seek to recommend a custodian/broker who will hold your assets and execute transactions on
terms that are overall most advantageous when compared to other available providers and their
services. We consider a wide range of factors, including, among others, these:
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• Timeliness of execution
• Timeliness and accuracy of trade confirmations
• Research services provided
• Ability to provide investment ideas
• Execution facilitation services provided
• Record keeping services provided
• Custody services provided
• Frequency and correction of trading errors
• Ability to access a variety of market venues
• Expertise as it relates to specific securities
• Financial condition
• Business reputation
• Quality of services
With this in consideration, our firm has an arrangement with SEI Investments Distribution, Co. (“SEI”).
In addition, our firm also has an arrangement with Charles Schwab & Co. Inc. (“Schwab”). Both Schwab
and SEI (herein known as “our custodians”) are qualified custodians from whom our firm is also
independently owned and operated. Our custodians offer services to independent investment advisers
which includes custody of securities, trade execution, clearance, and settlement of transactions. Our
custodians enable us to obtain many no-load mutual funds without transaction charges and other no-
load funds at nominal transaction charges. Our custodians do not charge client accounts separately for
custodial services. Client accounts will be charged transaction fees, commissions or other fees on trades
that are executed or settle into the client’s custodial account. Transaction fees may be charged based on
a percentage of the dollar amount of assets in the account(s) or via individual transaction charges.
These fees are negotiated with our custodians and are generally discounted from customary retail
commission rates. This benefits clients because the overall fee paid is often lower than would be
otherwise.
Our custodians may make certain research and brokerage services available at no additional cost to
our firm all of which qualify for the safe harbor exemption defined in Section 28(e) of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934. These services may be directly from independent research companies, as
selected by our firm (within specific parameters). Research products and services provided by our
custodians may include research reports on recommendations or other information about, particular
companies or industries; economic surveys, data and analyses; financial publications; portfolio
evaluation services; financial database software and services; computerized news and pricing services;
quotation equipment for use in running software used in investment decision-making; and other
products or services that provide lawful and appropriate assistance by our custodians to our firm in the
performance of our investment decision-making responsibilities.
Our custodians do not make client brokerage commissions generated by client transactions available
for our firm’s use. The aforementioned research and brokerage services are used by our firm to
manage accounts for which our firm has investment discretion. Without this arrangement, our firm
might be compelled to purchase the same or similar services at our own expense.
As part of our fiduciary duty to our clients, our firm will endeavor at all times to put the interests of
our clients first. Clients should be aware, however, that the receipt of economic benefits by our firm
or our related persons creates a potential conflict of interest and may indirectly influence our firm’s
choice of our custodians as a custodial recommendation. Our firm examined this potential conflict of
interest when our firm chose to recommend our custodians and have determined that the
recommendation is in the best interest of our firm’s clients and satisfies our fiduciary obligations,
including our duty to seek best execution.
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Our non-wrap fee clients may pay a transaction fee or commission to our custodians that is higher
than another qualified broker dealer might charge to effect the same transaction where our firm
determines in good faith that the commission is reasonable in relation to the value of the brokerage
and research services provided to the client as a whole.
In seeking best execution, the determinative factor is not the lowest possible cost, but whether the
transaction represents the best qualitative execution, taking into consideration the full range of a
broker-dealer’s services, including the value of research provided, execution capability, commission
rates, and responsiveness. Although our firm will seek competitive rates, to the benefit of all clients,
our firm may not necessarily obtain the lowest possible commission rates for specific client account
transactions.
Custodian & Brokers Used
Our firm does not maintain custody of client assets except for those invested in a private fund we
manage (although our firm may be deemed to have custody of client assets if given the authority to
withdraw assets from client accounts. See Item 15 Custody, below). Client assets must be maintained
in an account at a “qualified custodian,” generally a broker-dealer or bank. Our firm recommends that
clients use the Schwab Advisor Services division of Charles Schwab & Co. Inc. (“Schwab”), a FINRA-
registered broker-dealer, member SIPC, as the qualified custodian. Our firm is independently owned
and operated, and not affiliated with Schwab. Schwab will hold client assets in a brokerage account
and buy and sell securities when instructed. While our firm recommends that clients use Schwab as
custodian/broker, clients will decide whether to do so and open an account with Schwab by entering
into an account agreement directly with them. Our firm does not open the account. Even though the
account is maintained at Schwab, our firm can still use other brokers to execute trades, as described
in the next paragraph.
How Brokers/Custodians Are Selected
Our firm seeks to recommend a custodian/broker who will hold client assets and execute
transactions on terms that are overall most advantageous when compared to other available
providers and their services. A wide range of factors are considered, including, but not limited to:
•
•
•
combination of transaction execution services along with asset custody services (generally
without a separate fee for custody)
capability to execute, clear and settle trades (buy and sell securities for client accounts)
capabilities to facilitate transfers and payments to and from accounts (wire transfers, check
requests, bill payment, etc.)
• breadth of investment products made available (stocks, bonds, mutual funds, exchange
traded funds (ETFs), etc.)
• availability of investment research and tools that assist in making investment decisions
•
quality of services
competitiveness of the price of those services (commission rates, margin interest rates, other
fees, etc.) and willingness to negotiate them
reputation, financial strength and stability of the provider
•
• prior service to our firm and our other clients
• availability of other products and services that benefit our firm, as discussed below (see
“Products & Services Available from Schwab”)
Custody & Brokerage Costs
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Schwab generally does not charge a separate fee for custody services but is compensated by charging
commissions or other fees to clients on trades that are executed or that settle into the Schwab
account. For some accounts, Schwab may charge your account a percentage of the dollar amount of
assets in the account in lieu of commissions. Schwab’s commission rates and/or asset-based fees
applicable to client accounts were negotiated based on our firm’s commitment to maintain a
minimum threshold of assets statement equity in accounts at Schwab. This commitment benefits
clients because the overall commission rates and/or asset-based fees paid are lower than they would
be if our firm had not made the commitment. In addition to commissions or asset-based fees, Schwab
charges a flat dollar amount as a “prime broker” or “trade away” fee for each trade that our firm has
executed by a different broker-dealer but where the securities bought or the funds from the securities
sold are deposited (settled) into a Schwab account. These fees are in addition to the commissions or
other compensation paid to the executing broker-dealer. Because of this, in order to minimize client
trading costs, our firm has Schwab execute most trades for the accounts.
Products & Services Available from Schwab
Schwab Advisor Services is Schwab’s business serving independent investment advisory firms like
our firm. They provide our firm and clients with access to its institutional brokerage – trading,
custody, reporting and related services – many of which are not typically available to Schwab retail
customers. Schwab also makes available various support services. Some of those services help
manage or administer our client accounts while others help manage and grow our business. Schwab’s
support services are generally available on an unsolicited basis (our firm does not have to request
them) and at no charge to our firm. The availability of Schwab’s products and services is not based
on the provision of particular investment advice, such as purchasing particular securities for clients.
Here is a more detailed description of Schwab’s support services:
Services that Benefit Clients
Schwab’s institutional brokerage services include access to a broad range of investment products,
execution of securities transactions, and custody of client assets. The investment products available
through Schwab include some to which our firm might not otherwise have access or that would
require a significantly higher minimum initial investment by firm clients. Schwab’s services
described in this paragraph generally benefit clients and their accounts.
Services that May Not Directly Benefit Clients
Schwab also makes available other products and services that benefit our firm but may not directly
benefit clients or their accounts. These products and services assist in managing and administering
our client accounts. They include investment research, both Schwab’s and that of third parties. This
research may be used to service all or some substantial number of client accounts, including accounts
not maintained at Schwab. In addition to investment research, Schwab also makes available software
and other technology that:
• provides access to client account data (such as duplicate trade confirmations and account
statements);
facilitates trade execution and allocate aggregated trade orders for multiple client accounts;
facilitates payment of our fees from our clients’ accounts; and
•
• provides pricing and other market data;
•
• assists with back-office functions, recordkeeping and client reporting.
Services that Generally Benefit Only Our Firm
Schwab also offers other services intended to help manage and further develop our business
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enterprise. These services include:
• educational conferences and events
•
technology, compliance, legal, and business consulting;
• publications and conferences on practice management and business succession; and
• access to employee benefits providers, human capital consultants and insurance providers.
Schwab may provide some of these services itself. In other cases, Schwab will arrange for third-party
vendors to provide the services to our firm. Schwab may also discount or waive fees for some of these
services or pay all or a part of a third party’s fees. Schwab may also provide our firm with other
benefits, such as occasional business entertainment for our personnel.
Irrespective of direct or indirect benefits to our client through Schwab, our firm strives to enhance
the client experience, help clients reach their goals and put client interests before that of our firm or
associated persons.
Our Interest in Schwab’s Services.
The availability of these services from Schwab benefits our firm because our firm does not have to
produce or purchase them. Our firm does not have to pay for these services, and they are not
contingent upon committing any specific amount of business to Schwab in trading commissions or
assets in custody.
In light of our arrangements with Schwab, a conflict of interest exists as our firm may have incentive
to require that clients maintain their accounts with Schwab based on our interest in receiving
Schwab’s services that benefit our firm rather than based on client interest in receiving the best value
in custody services and the most favorable execution of transactions. As part of our fiduciary duty to
our clients, our firm will endeavor at all times to put the interests of our clients first. Clients should
be aware, however, that the receipt of economic benefits by our firm or our related persons creates
a potential conflict of interest and may indirectly influence our firm’s choice of Schwab as a custodial
recommendation. Our firm examined this potential conflict of interest when our firm chose to
recommend Schwab and have determined that the recommendation is in the best interest of our firm’s
clients and satisfies our fiduciary obligations, including our duty to seek best execution.
In seeking best execution, the determinative factor is not the lowest possible cost, but whether the
transaction represents the best qualitative execution, taking into consideration the full range of a
broker-dealer’s services, including the value of research provided, execution capability, commission
rates, and responsiveness. Although our firm will seek competitive rates, to the benefit of all clients,
our firm may not necessarily obtain the lowest possible commission rates for specific client account
transactions. Our firm believes that the selection of Schwab as a custodian and broker is the best
interest of our clients. It is primarily supported by the scope, quality and price of Schwab’s services,
and not Schwab’s services that only benefit our firm.
Soft Dollars
Our firm does not receive soft dollars in excess of what is allowed by Section 28(e) of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934. The safe harbor research products and services obtained by our firm will
generally be used to service all of our clients but not necessarily all at any one particular time.
Client Brokerage Commissions
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We do not use client brokerage commissions to obtain research or other products or services. The
aforementioned research and brokerage services are used by our firm to manage accounts for which
we have investment discretion. Without this arrangement, our firm might be compelled to purchase
the same or similar services at our own expense.
Procedures to Direct Client Transactions in Return for Soft Dollars
We do not direct client transactions to a particular broker-dealer in return for soft dollar benefits.
Brokerage for Client Referrals
Our firm does not receive brokerage compensation for client referrals.
Directed Brokerage
Our firm maintains a limited discretionary authority in making the determination of the brokers with
whom orders for the purchase or sale of securities are placed for execution, and the commission rates
at which such securities transactions are affected. Specifically, we may execute bond trades with 280
Securities where we determine the quality of execution to be in the client’s best interest. Outside of
that we routinely recommend that a client directs us to execute through a specified broker-dealer.
Our firm recommends the use of our custodians. Each client will be required to establish their
account(s) with our custodians if not already done. Please note that not all advisers have this
requirement.
Permissibility of Client-Directed Brokerage
We allow clients to direct brokerage outside our recommendation. We may be unable to achieve the
most favorable execution of client transactions. Client directed brokerage may cost clients more
money. For example, in a directed brokerage account, you may pay higher brokerage commissions
because we may not be able to aggregate orders to reduce transaction costs, or you may receive less
favorable prices.
Special Considerations for ERISA Clients
A retirement or ERISA plan client may direct all or part of portfolio transactions for its account
through a specific broker or dealer to obtain goods or services on behalf of the plan. Such direction
is permitted provided that the goods and services provided are reasonable expenses of the plan
incurred in the ordinary course of its business for which it otherwise would be obligated and
empowered to pay. ERISA prohibits directed brokerage arrangements when the goods or services
purchased are not for the exclusive benefit of the plan. Consequently, we will request that plan
sponsors who direct plan brokerage provide us with a letter documenting that this arrangement will
be for the exclusive benefit of the plan.
Aggregation of Purchase or Sale
We perform investment management services for various clients. There are occasions on which
portfolio transactions may be executed as part of concurrent authorizations to purchase or sell the same
security for numerous accounts served by our firm, which involve accounts with similar investment
objectives. Although such concurrent authorizations potentially could be either advantageous or
disadvantageous to any one or more particular accounts, they are affected only when we believe that to
do so will be in the best interest of the effected accounts. When such concurrent authorizations occur,
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the objective is to allocate the executions in a manner which is deemed equitable to the accounts
involved. In any given situation, we attempt to allocate trade executions in the most equitable manner
possible, taking into consideration client objectives, current asset allocation and availability of funds
using price averaging, proration, and consistently non-arbitrary methods of allocation.
Item 13: Review of Accounts or Financial Plans
We review accounts on at least an annual basis for clients subscribing to our Wrap Portfolio
Management and Asset Management services. The nature of these reviews is to learn whether clients’
accounts are in line with their investment objectives, appropriately positioned based on market
conditions, and investment policies, if applicable. We review SEI account performance on at least an
annual basis during which the manager’s performance as it pertains to the client is evaluated and to
confirm that the account continues to meet the client’s investment objectives and income needs. Only
our Financial Advisors or Portfolio Managers will conduct reviews. We may review client accounts
more frequently than described above. Among the factors which may trigger an off-cycle review are
major market or economic events, the client’s life events, requests by the client, etc. We do not
provide written reports to clients, unless asked to do so. Verbal reports to clients take place on at
least an annual basis when we contact clients who subscribe to this service.
Retirement Plan Consulting clients receive reviews of their pension plans for the duration of the
Retirement Plan Consulting service. We also provide ongoing services to Retirement Plan Consulting
clients where we meet with such clients upon their request to discuss updates to their plans, changes
in their circumstances, etc. Retirement Plan Consulting clients do not receive written or verbal
updated reports regarding their pension plans unless they choose to contract with us for ongoing
Retirement Plan Consulting services.
Financial Planning clients will receive reviews of their written plans for the duration of the
engagement. Financial Planning clients who engage us on an annual financial planning basis may
receive written or verbal updated reports regarding their financial plans.
Item 14: Client Referrals & Other Compensation
Schwab
Our firm receives economic benefit from Schwab in the form of the support products and services
made available to our firm and other independent investment advisors that have their clients
maintain accounts at Schwab. These products and services, how they benefit our firm, and the related
conflicts of interest are described above (see Item 12 – Brokerage Practices). The availability of
Schwab’s products and services is not based on our firm giving particular investment advice, such as
buying particular securities for our clients.
Product Sponsors
Representatives of our firm will occasionally accept travel expense reimbursement provided by
Dimensional Fund Advisors (“DFA”) in order to attend their conferences or educational events.
Additionally, our representatives may receive marketing materials from DFA which our firm will
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white label and provide to our advisory clients. Occasionally, DFA may sponsor dinner events for
which our representatives will attend.
The reimbursement for travel, receipt of marketing materials, or the ability to attend sponsored
dinner events are not directly dependent upon the recommendation of any specific product. Although
we may be incentivized to recommend products from product sponsors that reimburse our travel,
our representatives will always adhere to their fiduciary duty in recommending appropriate
investments for our clients.
Referral Fees
In accordance with Rule 206 (4)-1 of the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, our firm provides cash or
non-cash compensation directly or indirectly to unaffiliated persons for testimonials or
endorsements (which include client referrals). Such compensation arrangements will not result in
higher costs to the referred client. In this regard, our firm maintains a written agreement with each
unaffiliated person that is compensated for testimonials or endorsements in an aggregate amount of
$1,000 or more (or the equivalent value in non-cash compensation) over a trailing 12-month period
in compliance with Rule 206 (4)-1 of the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 and applicable state and
federal laws. The following information will be disclosed clearly and prominently to referred
prospective clients at the time of each testimonial or endorsement:
• Whether or not the unaffiliated person is a current client of our firm,
• A description of the cash or non-cash compensation provided directly or indirectly by our
firm to the unaffiliated person in exchange for the referral, if applicable, and
• A brief statement of any material conflicts of interest on the part of the unaffiliated person
giving the referral resulting from our firm’s relationship with such unaffiliated person.
In cases where state law requires licensure of solicitors, our firm ensures that no solicitation fees are
paid unless the solicitor is registered as an investment adviser representative of our firm. If our firm
is paying solicitation fees to another registered investment adviser, the licensure of individuals is the
other firm’s responsibility.
Item 15: Custody
We are deemed to have custody of certain client assets if given the authority to withdraw assets from
client accounts, as further described below under “Third Party Money Movement.” Additionally, our
affiliation with Cypress Vieux Investors, LLC, and Granite Harbor - West Allis Investors, LP also
creates custody implications for our firm as described below.
Cypress Vieux Investors, LLC
GHA, through our ownership of Cypress Vieux Manager, LLC (Fund Manager), sponsors and offers
interests in Cypress Vieux Investors, LLC (Cypress Fund) a private equity fund. Through our
ownership in the Fund Manager, we are deemed to have custody of assets invested in the Cypress
Fund. In compliance with SEC Rule 206(4)-2(b)(4)(i), the Funds each send an audited financial
statement, audited by a registered Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (“PCAOB”)
accountant, to each Fund investor within 120 days of each Fund’s fiscal year end. By ensuring these
steps are followed, our firm’s annual surprise examination requirement is satisfied. Clients are
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encouraged to raise any questions with us about the custody, safety or security of their assets and
our custodial recommendations.
Granite Harbor - West Allis Investors, LP
GHA through our ownership of Granite Harbor - West Allis GP, LLC (Fund Manager) sponsors and
offers interests in Granite Harbor - West Allis Investors, LP (West Allis Fund) a private fund. Through
our ownership in the Fund Manager, we are deemed to have custody of assets invested in the West
Allis Fund. In compliance with SEC Rule 206(4)-2(b)(4)(i), the Funds each send an audited financial
statement, audited by a registered Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (“PCAOB”)
accountant, to each Fund investor within 120 days of each Fund’s fiscal year end. By ensuring these
steps are followed, our firm’s annual surprise examination requirement is satisfied. Clients are
encouraged to raise any questions with us about the custody, safety or security of their assets and
our custodial recommendations.
Third Party Money Movement
The SEC issued a no‐action letter (“Letter”) with respect to the Rule 206(4) ‐2 (“Custody Rule”) under
the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 (“Advisers Act”). The letter provided guidance on the Custody
Rule as well as clarified that an adviser who has the power to disburse client funds to a third party
under a standing letter of instruction (“SLOA”) is deemed to have custody. As such, our firm has
adopted the following safeguards in conjunction with our custodian:
• The client provides an instruction to the qualified custodian, in writing, that includes
the client’s signature, the third party’s name, and either the third party’s address or the
third party’s account number at a custodian to which the transfer should be directed.
• The client authorizes the investment adviser, in writing, either on the qualified
custodian’s form or separately, to direct transfers to the third party either on a specified
schedule or from time to time.
• The client’s qualified custodian performs appropriate verification of the instruction,
such as a signature review or other method to verify the client’s authorization and
provides a transfer of funds notice to the client promptly after each transfer.
• The client has the ability to terminate or change the instruction to the client’s qualified
custodian.
• The investment adviser has no authority or ability to designate or change the identity
of the third party, the address, or any other information about the third party contained
in the client’s instruction.
• The investment adviser maintains records showing that the third party is not a related
party of the investment adviser or located at the same address as the investment
adviser.
• The client’s qualified custodian sends the client, in writing, an initial notice confirming
the instruction and an annual notice reconfirming the instruction.
All our clients receive account statements directly from their qualified custodian(s) at least quarterly
upon opening of an account. We urge our clients to carefully review these statements. Additionally,
if our firm decides to send its own account statements to clients, such statements will include a legend
that recommends the client compare the account statements received from the qualified custodian
with those received from our firm. Clients are encouraged to raise any questions with us about the
custody, safety or security of their assets and our custodial recommendations.
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Item 16: Investment Discretion
Wrap Portfolio Management clients have the option of providing our firm with investment discretion
on their behalf, pursuant to an executed investment advisory client agreement. Wrap Portfolio
Management clients are required to grant our firm discretionary authority. By granting investment
discretion, we are authorized to execute securities transactions, which securities are bought and sold,
and the total amount to be bought and sold. Limitations may be imposed by the client in the form of
specific constraints on any of these areas of discretion with our firm’s written acknowledgement.
Our firm does not accept discretionary authority to manage securities accounts on behalf of clients
for our Asset Management service.
Item 17: Voting Client Securities
We do not accept proxy authority to vote client securities. Clients will receive proxies or other
solicitations directly from their custodian or a transfer agent. In the event that proxies are sent to our
firm, we will forward them on to you and ask the party who sent them to mail them directly to you in
the future. Clients may call, write, or email us to discuss questions they may have about particular
proxy votes or other solicitations.
Item 18: Financial Information
Inclusion of a Balance Sheet
Our firm does not require or solicit prepayment of more than $1,200 in fees per client, 6 months or
more in advance. Therefore, our firm is not required to include a balance sheet for our most recent
fiscal year.
Disclosure of Financial Condition
Our firm has nothing to disclose in this regard.
Bankruptcy Petition
Our firm has never been the subject of a bankruptcy proceeding.
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