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Item 1 – Cover Page
International Assets Investment Management, LLC
Form ADV Part 2A – Disclosure Brochure
July 1, 2025
This Form ADV 2A (“Disclosure Brochure”) provides information about the qualifications and business
practices of International Assets Investment Management, LLC (“IAIM”). If you have any questions about the
contents of this Disclosure Brochure, please contact us at (407) 254-1500.
IAIM is a registered investment advisor with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). The
information in this Disclosure Brochure has not been approved or verified by the SEC or by any state
securities authority. Registration of an investment advisor does not imply any specific level of skill or
training. This Disclosure Brochure provides information through IAIM to assist you in determining whether
to retain the Advisor.
Additional information about IAIM and its investment adviser representatives is available on the SEC’s
website at www.adviserinfo.sec.gov by searching for IAIM or our CRD# 144426.
International Assets Investment Management, LLC
111 North Orange Avenue, Suite 1000, Orlando, FL 32801
Phone: (407) 254-1500 * Fax: (407) 254-1505
http://www.iaac.com
Item 2 – Material Changes
IAIM believes that communication and transparency are the foundation of its relationship with Clients and
will continually strive to provide its Clients with complete and accurate information at all times. IAIM
encourages all current and prospective Clients to read this Disclosure Brochure and discuss any questions
you may have with us. And of course, we always welcome your feedback.
Material Changes
IAIM’s last Amendment to this Disclosure Brochure is dated February 21, 2025. IAIM is required to update
certain information at least annually, within 90 days of our fiscal year end of December 31 or if there are
material changes.
Summary of Material Changes
Item 10 – Other Financial Industry Activities and Affiliations
Updated to disclose conflict of additional revenue. Specifically, Mill75 Investment Fund Management
LLC, serves as the Manager of Mill75 Investment Fund, LLC (“Mill75”), a private investment fund offering
accredited investors through IAIM the opportunity to invest in the development of a multi-family project
located in the greater Dallas metro area. The Manager is not registered as an investment adviser with the
SEC, or the securities bureau of any state. The principals of the Manager, through various trusts and other
related entities, own the majority of IAIM. This ownership creates a conflict as IAIM has incentive to promote
Mill75 because it produces additional revenue to the principals.
Item 15 – Custody
Updated to reflect that IAIM is deemed to have custody of client assets due to a related entity being a
qualified custodian.
Item 9 – Disciplinary Information
Updated with SEC Order Instituting Administrative and Cease-and-Desist Proceedings Pursuant to
Sections 203(e) and 203(k) of the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, Making Findings, and Imposing Remedial
Sanctions and a Cease-and-Desist Order, dated September 3, 2024. The Order states that IAIM violated
those provisions by failing to provide full and fair disclosures regarding certain compensation and financial
incentives that its Affiliated Broker Dealer received from its Clearing Broker.
From time to time, we may amend this Disclosure Brochure to reflect changes in our business practices,
changes in regulations and routine annual updates as required by the securities regulators. This complete
Disclosure Brochure or a Summary of Material Changes shall be provided to each Client annually or more
frequently if a material change occurs in the business practices of IAIM that necessitate disclosure to
Clients.
At any time, you may view the current Disclosure Brochure on-line at the SEC’s Investment Adviser Public
Disclosure website at www.adviserinfo.sec.gov by searching with our firm name or our CRD# 144426. You
may also request a copy of this Disclosure Brochure at any time, by contacting us at (407) 254-1500.
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Item 3 – Table of Contents
Item 1 – Cover Page ....................................................................................................................................... 1
Item 2 – Material Changes ............................................................................................................................. 2
Item 3 – Table of Contents ............................................................................................................................. 3
Item 4 – Advisory Services ............................................................................................................................ 4
Item 5 – Fees and Compensation.................................................................................................................. 9
Item 6 – Performance-Based Fees and Side-By-Side Management .......................................................... 16
Item 7 – Types of Clients ............................................................................................................................. 16
Item 8 – Methods of Analysis, Investment Strategies and Risk of Loss ................................................... 16
Item 9 – Disciplinary Information ................................................................................................................ 21
Item 10 – Other Financial Industry Activities and Affiliations ................................................................... 22
Item 11 - Code of Ethics, Participation or Interest in Client Transactions and Personal Trading .......... 23
Item 12 – Brokerage Practices .................................................................................................................... 24
Item 13 – Review of Accounts ..................................................................................................................... 26
Item 14 – Client Referrals and Other Compensation ................................................................................. 27
Item 15 – Custody ........................................................................................................................................ 29
Item 16 – Investment Discretion ................................................................................................................. 29
Item 17 – Voting Client Securities ............................................................................................................... 31
Item 18 – Financial Information ................................................................................................................... 31
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Item 4 – Advisory Services
A.
Firm Information
International Assets Investment Management, LLC (“IAIM”) is a registered investment advisor with the U.S.
Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) with its principal place of business in Orlando, Florida. IAIM
began conducting business in 2007 and is owned by Pecunia Management, LLC (“Pecunia”), which is
owned by IAA Investment Holdings, LLC. The majority owner of IAA Investment Holdings, LLC is RIA
Holding Company, LLC which is owned by the Richard Desich Irrevocable Trust FBO Jeffrey Desich and
Richard Desich. In addition, ETC Brokerage Services, LLC (“ETCB”), is an affiliated broker dealer, clearing
firm and custodian and Equity Trust Company (“ETC”), is an affiliated South Dakota trust company. Both
ETCB and ETC are affiliated under common ownership.
IAIM has an expense sharing agreement with International Assets Advisory, LLC (“IAA”), a registered
broker-dealer, member FINRA/SIPC and IAA Shared Services, LLC (“ISS”), to provide various
administrative and support services, facilities, personnel, equipment, etc. As part of the expense sharing
agreement, IAIM pays IAA and ISS for such services. IAA, ISS and IAIM are affiliated under common
ownership by Pecunia. IAIM offers services through our network of independent investment advisor
representatives (“IARs”). IARs may have their own legal business entities whose trade names and logos
are used for marketing purposes and may appear on marketing materials or Client statements. These
business names have been adopted by IAIM as d/b/a names under which we provide advisory services.
The Client should understand that these businesses are legal entities of the IAR and not of IAIM. The IARs
are under the supervision of IAIM, and the advisory services of the IAR are provided through IAIM. IAIM
provides notice of all of its d/b/a names online at the SEC’s Investment Adviser Public Disclosure website
at www.adviserinfo.sec.gov by searching with our name or our CRD# 144426. This Disclosure Brochure
provides information regarding the qualifications, business practices, and the advisory services provided
by IAIM.
IAIM and its IARs serve as a fiduciary to Clients, as defined under applicable laws and regulations. When
we provide investment advice regarding your retirement plan account or individual retirement account, we
are fiduciaries within the meaning of Title I of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act and/or the
Internal Revenue Code, as applicable, which are laws governing retirement accounts. The way we make
money creates some conflicts with your interests, so we operate under a special rule that requires us to act
in your best interest and not put our interest ahead of yours. As a fiduciary, IAIM and its IARs uphold a duty
of loyalty, fairness and good faith toward each Client and seek to mitigate potential conflicts of interest. Our
fiduciary commitment is further described in our Code of Ethics. For more information regarding our Code
of Ethics, please see “Item 11 – Code of Ethics, Participation or Interest in Client Transactions and Personal
Trading.”
B.
Advisory Services Offered
IAIM generally provides investment advisory services to individuals, high net worth individuals, pensions
and profit plans, charitable organizations, corporations, and other business entities (referred to individually
as a “Client” and collectively as “Clients”). These services generally fall into three categories – Investment
Management Services, Referrals to Third Party Wrap Fee Programs and Financial Planning and
Consulting.
IAIM also offers an advisory program which is not described in this Disclosure Brochure through a related
entity, ETCB. Depending on the services your financial advisor provides and/or the type of services or
program(s) you select, you will be provided a copy of this separate Disclosure Brochure for the ETC
Brokerage Services Custodial Plan.
ETC Brokerage Services Custodial Plan Form ADV Part 2A - This brochure provides detailed
information, disclosures, and potential conflicts of interest related to this program.
Additionally, you may visit our public website: www.iaac.com.
International Assets Investment Management, LLC
111 North Orange Ave., Suite 1000, Orlando, FL 32801
Phone: (407) 254-1500 * Fax: (407) 254-1505
www.iaac.com
Page 4
Investment Management Services
IAIM provides customized wealth management solutions for its Clients, through continuous personal Client
contact and interaction while providing discretionary and non-discretionary investment management and
related advisory services. IAIM works with each Client to identify their investment goals and objectives as
well as risk tolerance and financial situation in order to create an investment strategy. IAIM will implement
the investment strategy with its internal management and/or the use of money managers or investment
platforms (as described below).
IAIM’s services are provided through independent IARs. This structure means that IARs are free to
implement investment strategies and plans on their own accord. This structure is distinguished from some
other registered investment advisors that mandate the Clients invest only in company-sponsored
investment programs. IAIM believes strongly in the flexibility it provides to its independent IARs.
IAIM provides investment advisory services and portfolio management services. It does not provide
securities custodial services, though it is deemed to have custody of client assets due to its affiliated entity
ETCB acting as qualified custodian. At no time will IAIM accept or maintain custody of a Client’s funds or
securities, except for the authorized deduction of IAIM’s fees or as a result of a Client’s implementation of
a standing letter of authorization. All Client assets will be managed within their designated account(s) at the
qualified custodian, pursuant to the IAIM investment advisory agreement. A “qualified custodian” is a
financial institution that holds and safeguards assets on behalf of investors. A qualified custodian either
maintains client funds and securities in a separate account for each client under that client’s name, or in
accounts that contain only client funds and securities under the name of the investment adviser as agent
or trustee for the clients. In order to be considered a “qualified custodian” the institution must meet certain
regulatory requirements (hereinafter referred to individually as a “Custodian” or collectively as
“Custodians”). Please see Item 12 – Brokerage Practices.
It is important to note that none of the advisory services described herein are intended as, or meant to be
a substitute for, legal, accounting, actuarial, or tax advice. Clients should coordinate and discuss the impact
of the financial advice they receive from the IAR with their attorney, accountant, and other professionals.
Neither IAIM nor its IARs (unless they have the appropriate independent qualifications) are qualified to
provide legal or accounting advice, and do not claim to tender such advice.
Below is a description of the various investment management services provided by IAIM.
Internal Investment Management
IAIM customizes its investment management services for its Clients. Portfolios are primarily constructed
using mutual funds, exchange-traded funds (“ETFs”), individual stocks and fixed income securities. The
IARs may also utilize other types of investments, as appropriate, to meet the needs of each particular Client.
IAIM generally employs a long-term investment approach for Clients, but may buy, sell or re-allocate
positions that have been held less than one year to meet the objectives of the Client or due to market
conditions. IARs construct, implement and monitor each Client’s portfolio to ensure it meets the goals,
objectives, circumstances, and risk tolerance agreed to by the Client. Each Client will have the opportunity
to place reasonable restrictions on the types of investments to be held in their respective portfolio, subject
to acceptance by IAIM and IAR.
The specific advisory program selected by the Client will cost the Client more or less than purchasing
program services separately. Factors that bear upon the cost of a particular advisory program in relation to
the cost of the same services purchased separately include, but may not be limited to, the type and size of
the account, the historical or expected size or number of trades for the account, the types of securities and
strategies involved, and the number and range of supplementary advisory and Client-related services
provided to the account.
IAIM and/or its IARs may recommend, on occasion, redistributing investment allocations to diversify the
portfolio. IAIM and/or IARs may recommend specific positions to increase sector or asset class weightings.
International Assets Investment Management, LLC
111 North Orange Ave., Suite 1000, Orlando, FL 32801
Phone: (407) 254-1500 * Fax: (407) 254-1505
www.iaac.com
Page 5
IARs may recommend employing cash positions as a possible hedge against market movement. IARs may
recommend selling positions for reasons that include, but are not limited to, harvesting capital gains or
losses, business or sector risk exposure to a specific security or class of securities, overvaluation or
overweighting of the position(s) in the portfolio, change in risk tolerance of Client, generating cash to meet
Client needs, or any risk deemed unacceptable for the Client’s risk tolerance.
Promoter Based Third Party Asset Manager Programs
For appropriate Clients, the IAR may recommend that all or a portion of a Client’s portfolio be implemented
by utilizing one or more money managers or investment platforms (“TPAMs”). The Client will be required to
enter into one or more separate agreements with the TPAM(s) that provide for discretionary management
by the TPAM(s) of the investment platform.
IAIM may act as a compensated promoter (“Promoter”) (formerly known as “solicitor”) capacity when
making TPAM programs available to clients. When IAIM acts as a Promoter, IAIM serves as both a
Promoter of accounts to the TPAM and as the Client’s primary advisor and relationship manager and will
oversee the account to ensure the TPAM’s management of the account is consistent with the selected
investment strategy or strategies. However, the TPAM will assume discretionary authority for the day-to-
day investment management of those assets placed in their control. The IAR will assist and advise the
Client in establishing investment objectives for their account, the selection of the TPAM, and defining any
restrictions on the account.
TPAM services generally begin with the IAR obtaining the necessary financial data from the Client to assist
with setting an appropriate investment objective, determining the suitability of the program and in opening
an account with the TPAM. Depending on the program, the IAR may also assist the Client with selecting a
model portfolio of securities designed and managed by either the TPAM or a selected portfolio management
firm available through the TPAM responsible for providing discretionary asset management services. The
TPAM or other third-party investment advisor is granted authority in its Client agreement to purchase and
sell securities on a discretionary basis pursuant to the investment objective chosen by the Client. In doing
so, the TPAM or other third-party investment advisor typically constructs various model investment
portfolios that are managed according to specific investment strategies associated with the respective
models, and that are not generally customized for individual Clients (subject to the Client’s ability to request
reasonable investment restrictions on investing in securities or other special accommodations that may be
made). In addition to portfolio management services, the TPAM sponsor will also generally arrange for
custody of Client assets, trade execution, cashiering services, and such other services as outlined in the
TPAM’s separate Client agreement and the TPAM’s Disclosure Brochure.
IAIM and your IAR are compensated for referring you to the TPAM. This compensation generally takes the
form of the TPAM sharing with IAIM and your IAR a percentage of the advisory fee that you pay to the
TPAM. When we act as Promoter for a TPAM, and prior to entering into an agreement with a TPAM, you
will receive a Promoter disclosure statement (“Disclosure Statement”) describing the nature of our
relationship with the TPAM and the terms of our compensation arrangement with the TPAM, including a
description of the compensation that we will receive for referring you to the TPAM Program
IAIM does not receive any compensation from these TPAMs or Investment Platforms, other than IAIM’s
investment advisory fee (described in “Item 5 – Fees and Compensation”)
The following paragraph contains important conflicts of interest to consider. Assets managed by a TPAM
are not considered assets under management of IAIM. Many investment advisory firms are measured, in
part, by the amount of assets under management as reported in this Disclosure Brochure. The fact that
IAIM cannot count assets advised in a TPAM program as its assets under management creates a conflict
of interest inasmuch as it acts as a barrier to recommending TPAM programs. The effect of this conflict is
mitigated by the independence of our IARs, who are not required to have Client account recommendations
approved by IAIM.
Sub-Adviser Based Third Party Asset Management Programs
International Assets Investment Management, LLC
111 North Orange Ave., Suite 1000, Orlando, FL 32801
Phone: (407) 254-1500 * Fax: (407) 254-1505
www.iaac.com
Page 6
IAIM can enter into sub-advisory relationships in which it contracts with a TPAM to provide investment
management services to a Client account. IAIM and the sub-adviser are jointly responsible for the ongoing
management of the account. Your IAR is responsible for assisting you with completing the investor profile
questionnaire or any account opening documentation. While each TPAM may have a different name for
their questionnaire, your responses will assist your IAR with understanding your investment objectives,
financial situation, risk tolerance, investment time horizon and other personal information. Based on the
answers that you provide to your IAR, he/she will assist you in determining which TPAM model or portfolio
strategy is appropriate for you. As part of establishing a new account, you will receive both our Disclosure
Brochure as well as the TPAM’s Disclosure Brochure.
Since each TPAM is uniquely structured with different investment products, please ensure that you carefully
review all documents provided to you on behalf of the TPAM. These documents include, but are not limited
to:
The TPAM’s Form ADV Part 2A or Disclosure Brochure for specific program descriptions.
The TPAM’s Client Agreement as well as any other agreement entered into regarding a TPAM Program,
for specific contractual terms (including fees, billing methods, administrative and other fees, etc.).
Any additional disclosure or offering documents provided by the TPAM in connection with investment
products.
The following paragraph contains important conflicts of interest to consider. Assets managed in a sub-
advised account program are counted as assets under management of IAIM and the sub-adviser. Many
investment advisory firms are measured, in part, by the amount assets under management as reported in
this Disclosure Brochure. In a sub-advised investment program, both the sub-adviser and IAIM are
responsible for the management of the invested assets, though in practice, investment management is
vested almost entirely in the sub-adviser. This structure increases IAIM’s risk of Client complaints stemming
from account management by the sub-adviser and prompts IAIM to engage in time consuming and costly
oversight of sub-advisory relationships.
IAIM’s Relationships with Other Investment Advisers
IAIM may serve as a Promoter for, or recommend Clients to, third-party investment advisers. IAIM is
compensated for referring your advisory business to these third-party investment advisers. This
compensation generally takes the form of the third-party investment adviser sharing with IAIM a portion of
the advisory fee the third-party investment adviser charges you for providing investment management
services. IAIM performs reasonable due diligence on these third-party investment advisers on an initial and
ongoing basis. Clients who are referred to these third-party investment advisers will receive a Disclosure
Statement that describes, among other things, the compensation that will be paid to IAIM and the IAR by
the third-party investment adviser.
The following paragraph contains important conflicts of interest to consider. IAIM has a conflict of interest
to refer clients to those third-party investment advisers who pay referral fees to IAIM rather than those who
do not. Additionally, IAIM has a conflict of interest to refer clients to those third-party investment advisers
who pay higher referral fees over those who pay lower referral fees.
Referrals to Wrap Fee Programs
IARs may also use one or more third party Wrap Fee programs sponsored by unaffiliated third-party broker-
dealers/investment advisors as listed below to manage your assets. Programs available include the
following (as of the date of this Disclosure Brochure) and are only available on a fee-only basis:
RBC Advisor
RBC Unified Portfolio
RBC Consulting Services
The above programs are sponsored by RBC Capital Markets (“RBC”), a securities broker-dealer registered
International Assets Investment Management, LLC
111 North Orange Ave., Suite 1000, Orlando, FL 32801
Phone: (407) 254-1500 * Fax: (407) 254-1505
www.iaac.com
Page 7
with the SEC and FINRA. Please see the Part 2A, Brochure Supplement that you are provided for each of
these programs (the Wrap Fee Disclosure Brochure). This Wrap Fee Disclosure Brochure identifies all
relevant fees, expenses, and other charges (and how the program works) to you.
Financial Planning and Consulting Services
IAIM provides a variety of financial planning and financial consulting services to individuals and families,
pursuant to the terms of a financial planning agreement and/or a financial consulting services agreement.
Both financial planning and financial consulting services are separate service from IAIM’s investment
management services. Clients have full discretion as to how they choose to implement the
recommendations provided in the financial plan and/or under the consulting services agreement.
The recommendations will usually include general recommendations for a course of activity, as well as
specific actions to be taken by the Client. For example, recommendations may be made that the Client start
or revise their investment programs, commence or alter retirement savings, establish education savings
and/or charitable giving programs. IAIM may also refer Clients to an accountant, attorney or other specialist
as appropriate for their unique situation. For certain financial planning engagements, the IAR will provide a
written summary of Client’s financial situation, observations, and recommendations. For consulting or ad-
hoc engagements, the Advisor may not provide a written summary. Plans or consultations are typically
completed within six months of contract date, assuming all information and documents requested are
provided promptly. An additional agreement will be required if the Client chooses to utilize the
representative for further investment management services.
The following paragraph contains important conflicts of interest to consider. Financial planning
recommendations may pose a conflict between the interests of the IAR and the interests of the Client. For
example, a recommendation to engage the IAR for investment management services or to increase the
level of investment assets with the IAR would pose a conflict, as it would increase the advisory fees paid to
the IAR. The effect of this conflict is mitigated by the independence of the Clients. Clients are not required
to use IAIM or any of its IARs for investment services incorporated into a financial plan or consulting
engagement.
Retirement Plan Advisory Services
IAIM provides plan advisory services to company retirement plans (each a “Plan”) and the sponsor of the
Plan (herein the “Plan Sponsor”). Services are tailored to the size and complexity of the Plan and the needs
of the Plan Sponsor and/or the participants in the Plan, pursuant to the terms of the retirement plan advisory
agreement. IAIM may provide retirement plan advisory services on behalf of the Plan and Plan Sponsor as
defined under ERISA 3(21). IARs do not act as investment managers and are not considered to be a Section
3(38) fiduciary.
Client Role and Obligations Relative to IAIM’s Advisory Services
IAIM relies on forthright communication from its Clients in order to provide them with investment services.
It is imperative that Clients be direct, honest and fulsome with their investment criteria, investment
knowledge, holdings, goals, time horizon and other important factors. Clients are obliged to report changes
in their financial situation including the factors enumerated above, as soon as possible.
C.
Tailored Relationships
IAIM, makes available through its IARs, advisory services to meet most individual Client needs and
objectives. The IAR’s role is to meet with Clients and determine which option(s) are most suitable in
assisting the Clients with meeting their investment needs. Certain programs available through IAIM may be
utilized by multiple Clients that have similar time horizons, needs and objectives. IAIM offers Clients the
ability to place restrictions on their advisory account(s). In general, the restrictions may include security
type, specific securities, and cash balance requirement. Under certain situations, a restriction may prevent
IAIM from providing investment choices to meet a Client’s needs. In the event a restriction impairs IAIM’s
ability to manage a portfolio effectively, the Client engagement may be terminated under the terms of the
International Assets Investment Management, LLC
111 North Orange Ave., Suite 1000, Orlando, FL 32801
Phone: (407) 254-1500 * Fax: (407) 254-1505
www.iaac.com
Page 8
contract.
D.
Assets Under Management
As of December 31, 2024, IAIM manages approximately $2,212,521,887 in assets, of which
$1,577,866,104 are managed on a discretionary basis and $634,655,783 on a non-discretionary basis.
Clients may request more current information at any time by contacting their IAR.
Item 5 – Fees and Compensation
The following paragraphs detail the fee structure and compensation methodology for services provided by
IAIM. Each Client shall sign one or more agreements that detail the responsibilities of IAIM and the Client.
A.
Fees for Advisory Services
Investment Advisory Services
Asset based investment advisory fees are paid in advance or arrears, on a monthly or quarterly basis.
Whether the fees are paid in advance or arrears depends on the agreement between the Client and IAIM
and subject to the limitations of the Custodian of the Client’s account and/or the terms of the investment
advisory agreement. Asset based investment advisory fees are charged at an annual rate up to 3.00%
depending on several factors, including the overall size of the relationship, the inclusion/exclusion of
transaction fees and/or the complexity of the services to be provided. Fees are typically based on the market
value of assets under management at the end of the prior month or quarter but may at times be offered as
a fixed quarterly fee. The fee is negotiated between the Client and the IAR. IAIM does not maintain a static
fee schedule – meaning that all advisory fees are customized to the individual needs of the Client and the
advisor. Some IARs may adhere to a static fee schedule for their own Clients within IAIM’s stated asset
based advisory fee range.
The asset-based investment advisory fee in the first month or quarter of service is prorated from the
inception date of the Client’s account(s) to the end of the first month or quarter. The Client’s fees will take
into consideration the aggregate assets under management with the IAR. All securities held in accounts
managed by IAIM will be independently valued by the Custodian (as discussed in Item 12). IAIM will not
have the authority or responsibility to value portfolio securities.
Clients may make additions to and withdrawals from their accounts at any time, subject to IAIM’s right to
terminate an account. Additions may be in cash or securities provided that IAIM reserves the right to
liquidate any transferred securities or decline to accept particular securities into a Client’s accounts. Clients
may withdraw account assets on notice to IAIM, subject to the usual and customary securities settlement
procedures. However, IAIM designs its portfolios as long-term investments and the withdrawal of assets
may impair the achievement of a Client’s investment objectives. IAIM and/or the IAR may consult with
Clients about the options and ramifications of transferring securities. However, Clients are advised that
when transferred securities are liquidated, they are subject to transaction fees, fees assessed at the mutual
fund level (i.e. contingent deferred sales charge) and/or tax ramifications.
In addition to the advisory fee charged to the Client, the Client and/or the IAR will pay a transaction fee for
each trade done in your account including no transaction fee mutual funds (“NTFs”). This presents a conflict
of interest as your IAR may be incentivized to reduce his overall costs by not trading in your account. IAIM
mitigates this conflict by monitoring for low trade activity in advisory accounts. IAA receives a portion of the
transaction cost assessed to each IAR which creates an incentive for IAIM to encourage your IAR to trade
frequently. In addition, IAIM charges a program fee to your IAR which is an additional source of revenue.
As such, IAIM has an incentive to recommend that you open accounts within this program.
IAIM’s fees are exclusive of brokerage commissions, new issue selling concessions, transaction fees,
markups, markdowns, and other related costs and expenses which shall be incurred by the Client. Clients
will incur certain charges imposed by Custodians, brokers, and other third parties such as fees charged by
managers, custodial fees, deferred sales charges, odd-lot differentials, transfer taxes, wire transfer and
International Assets Investment Management, LLC
111 North Orange Ave., Suite 1000, Orlando, FL 32801
Phone: (407) 254-1500 * Fax: (407) 254-1505
www.iaac.com
Page 9
electronic fund fees, and other fees and taxes on brokerage accounts and securities transactions. Mutual
funds and ETFs also charge internal management fees, which are disclosed in the fund’s prospectus. Such
charges, fees and commissions are exclusive of and in addition to IAIM’s fees. IAIM does not receive any
part of these fees.
Third Party Asset Manager Services
For Client accounts implemented through a TPAM, the Client’s overall fees will often include IAIM’s asset-
based investment advisory fee (as noted above) plus advisory fees and/or platform fees charged by the
TPAM, as applicable. The TPAM assumes responsibility for calculating the Client’s fees and deducts all
fees from the Client’s account(s). In such instances, IAIM will not charge its fee separately on those assets.
The TPAM will deduct its advisory fees and/or platform fees and IAIM’s asset-based investment advisory
fee on an arrears or advance basis, depending on the billing practices of the TPAM.
There are other fees and charges imposed by third parties that apply to investments in accounts managed
by a TPAM. Some of these fees and charges are described below and should be outlined in the TPAM’s
Disclosure Brochure. The Client will be charged commissions, markups, markdowns, or transaction charges
by the broker-dealer who executes transactions in the account. There also are custodial related fees
imposed by the Custodian of assets for the program account. These additional fees and charges will be set
out in the TPAM’s Disclosure Brochure and the agreements executed by the Client at the time the TPAM
account is opened.
If assets are invested in mutual funds, ETFs or other pooled funds, there are two layers of advisory fees
and expenses for those assets. Clients will pay an advisory fee to the fund manager and other expenses as
a shareholder of the fund. Clients will also pay the TPAM advisory fee with respect to those assets. The
mutual funds and ETFs available in the programs often may be purchased directly. Therefore, Clients will
avoid the second layer of fees by not using the advisory services of the TPAM.
A mutual fund in a TPAM managed account may pay an asset-based sales charge or service fee (e.g., 12b-
1 fee) that is paid to the broker-dealer on the account. IAIM and its IARs are not paid these fees. If a Client
transfers a previously purchased mutual fund into a TPAM managed account, and there is an applicable
contingent deferred sales charge on the fund, the Client will pay that charge when the mutual fund is sold.
If the account is invested in a mutual fund that charges a fee when a redemption is made within a specific
time period after the investment, the Client will be charged the redemption fee. If a mutual fund has a frequent
trading policy, the policy can limit a Client’s transactions in shares of the fund (e.g., for rebalancing,
liquidations, deposits, or tax harvesting).
If Client holds a UIT in a TPAM managed account, UIT sponsors charge creation and development fees or
similar fees.
The investment products and services available to be purchased in the TPAM’s program can be purchased
by Clients outside of the TPAM’s program through IAIM or through broker-dealers or other registered
investment advisers not affiliated IAIM or the TPAM.
Clients should be aware that securities transferred into an account may have been subject to a commission
or sales load when the security was originally purchased. After transfer into an advisory account, Client
should understand that an advisory fee will be charged based on the total assets in the account, including
the transferred security. When transferring securities into an account, the Client should consider and speak
to the IAR about whether:
a commission was previously paid on the security;
the Client wishes for the security to be managed as part of the account and be subject to an
advisory fee; or
the Client wishes to hold the security in a brokerage account that is not managed and not subject to an
advisory fee.
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111 North Orange Ave., Suite 1000, Orlando, FL 32801
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Financial Planning Services
IAIM offers financial planning services based on assets, on an hourly basis or as a fixed engagement fee.
Hourly engagements are billed at a rate of up to $500 per hour. Fixed fee engagements are negotiated
based on the expected number of hours to complete the engagement at the negotiated hourly rate. Fees
may be negotiable at the sole discretion of the IAR, depending on the nature and complexity of services to
be provided. An estimate for total hours and/or costs will be provided to the Client prior to engaging for
these services.
The IAR’s fee is exclusive of, and in addition to, brokerage fees, transaction fees, and other related costs
and expenses, which may be incurred by the Client. However, the IAR does not receive any portion of these
commissions, fees, and costs.
Retirement Plan Advisory Services
Retirement plan advisory fees are paid quarterly, generally in advance of each calendar month or quarter,
pursuant to the terms of the retirement plan advisory agreement. Fees are based on the market value of
assets in the Plan at the end of each prior quarter or at a fixed quarterly fee. Fees range up to 3.00%
annually and may be negotiable depending on the size and complexity of the Plan.
Retirement plan accounts custodied directly with a third party, such as a mutual fund company or insurance
carrier shall be billed according to the billing practices of the third party as set forth in the third party’s
disclosure documents.
B.
Fee Billing
Investment Advisory Services
Investment advisory fees are calculated by IAIM or the Custodian and deducted from the Client’s
account(s). The Client shall instruct the Custodian to automatically deduct the investment advisory fee from
the Client’s account(s) for each billing period and pay the investment advisory fee(s) to IAIM. The amount
due is calculated by applying the quarterly rate (annual rate divided by 4) or monthly rate (divided by 12) to
the total assets under management with IAIM at the end of the prior month or quarter. IAIM will adjust client
fees to factor in deposits and withdrawals exceeding $10,000 during the prior billing period. Clients will be
provided with a statement, at least quarterly, from the Custodian reflecting deduction of the investment
advisory fee. Clients provide written authorization permitting IAIM to be paid directly from their accounts
held by the Custodian as part of the investment advisory agreement and separate account forms provided
by the Custodian.
Third Party Asset Managers
Client accounts implemented through TPAMs will be billed in accordance with the separate agreement(s)
with the TPAM(s). The TPAM(s) will typically add IAIM’s investment advisory fee and deduct the overall fee
from the Client’s accounts.
Financial Planning and Consulting Services
Financial planning and consulting fees are negotiable. Certain Clients may have their planning fees included
with their overall investment advisory fees. Consulting fees are charged on a monthly or quarterly basis. All
fees are agreed upon prior to entering into a contract with any Client.
Retirement Plan Advisory Services
Fees may be directly invoiced to the Plan Sponsor or deducted from the assets of the Plan, depending on
the terms of the retirement plan advisory agreement.
International Assets Investment Management, LLC
111 North Orange Ave., Suite 1000, Orlando, FL 32801
Phone: (407) 254-1500 * Fax: (407) 254-1505
www.iaac.com
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C.
Other Fees and Expenses
In addition to the advisory fee you pay, certain products have additional embedded costs. These products
include open and closed end mutual funds, exchange-traded products (e.g., ETFs, ETNs), unit investment
trusts (UITs), new issue securities and other products. Some of these charges are indirectly paid to the
companies that sponsor, manage, and/or promote the investment. Some of these payments are shared
with IAA or our clearing firm. These payments are deducted from your investment and reduce total
investment returns, but the fee deduction is usually not itemized.
If Client assets are invested in mutual funds, ETFs or other pooled funds, there are two layers of advisory
fees and expenses for those assets. The Client will pay an advisory fee to the fund manager and other
expenses as a shareholder of the fund. The mutual funds and ETFs available in the programs often may
be purchased directly. Therefore, Clients will avoid the second layer of fees by not using advisory services.
If a Client transfers a previously purchased mutual fund into an account and there is an applicable
contingent deferred sales charge associated with the share class held by the Client, the Client will pay that
charge when the mutual fund is sold. If the account is invested in a mutual fund that charges a fee where a
redemption is made within a specific time period after the investment, the Client will be charged the
redemption fee. If a mutual fund has a frequent trading policy, the policy can limit a Client’s transactions in
shares of the fund (e.g., for rebalancing, liquidations, deposits or tax harvesting).
UIT sponsors charge creation and development fees or similar fees which may be applied to UITs invested
in through advisory accounts. These fees are not shared with IAIM. Further information regarding fees
assessed by a UIT is available in the appropriate prospectus, which Clients may request from the IAR.
Clients should be aware that securities transferred into an account may have been subject to a commission
or sales load when the security was originally purchased. After transfer into an advisory account, the Client
should understand that an advisory fee will be charged based on the total assets in the account, including
the transferred security. When transferring securities into an account, Client should consider and speak to
the IAR about whether:
a commission was previously paid on the security;
the Client wishes for the security to be managed as part of the account and be subject to an
advisory fee; or
the Client wishes to hold the security in a brokerage account that is not managed and not subject to an
advisory fee
Depending upon your account and relationship, you may also incur periodic account maintenance or IRA
custodial fees, as well as processing, service, and account fees upon certain events or occurrences. You
will pay costs and fees whether you make or lose money on your investments. Costs and fees will reduce
any amount of money you make on your investments over time. Please make sure you understand what
costs and fees you are paying. You have the option to purchase almost all investment products that your
IAR recommends through other broker-dealers, and it may cost you more or less to do.
You will incur interest charges if you borrow on margin using a securities-based loan in any of your
accounts. IAA negotiates these charges and you may pay more or less for comparable services than at
another firm. IAA also sets the pricing in most cases, and part of our business model includes deriving profit
from these fees. IAA also receives rebates from our clearing firms that are calculated based on all or a
portion of these assets.
During periods of lower trading activity, the advisory fee may be higher than the transaction charges you
would have paid in a brokerage account. We encourage you to discuss your options with your IAR in order
to determine whether an investment advisory account is appropriate for you. You should carefully review
the value of the advice and scope of services you would be getting in an advisory relationship versus a
brokerage account.
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111 North Orange Ave., Suite 1000, Orlando, FL 32801
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Other Compensation Paid to IAA
Mutual Fund Share Class Consideration.
In most cases, multiple share classes of the same mutual fund are available for purchase. Some share
classes of a fund charge higher internal expenses, whereas other share classes of a fund charge lower
internal expenses. Some of these expenses, commonly called “trailing” fees or “12b- 1 fees” are paid in
whole or in part to broker-dealers, investment advisers, and registered persons. In these instances IAIM
has instructed our Custodian to rebates the 12b-1 fee back to the Client. Institutional, retirement and
advisory share classes typically have lower expense ratios, do not incorporate 12b-1 fees and are less
costly for a Client to hold than other share classes that may be eligible for purchase in an advisory account.
Mutual funds that offer institutional, retirement or advisory share classes, and other share classes with
lower expense ratios are available to investors who meet specific eligibility requirements that are described
in the mutual fund’s prospectus or its statement of additional information. These eligibility requirements
include, but may not be limited to, investments meeting certain minimum dollar amounts and accounts that
the fund considers qualified fee-based programs. It is also possible that the lowest cost mutual fund share
class for a particular fund may not be offered through IAIM or available for purchase within specific types
of accounts. Clients should not assume that they will be invested in the share class with the lowest possible
expense ratio or cost. IARs may be limited in the share class available for Client accounts based on
limitations at the Custodian or within an account program. Because of these limitations, Clients may be able
to obtain mutual funds at a lower cost through advisors other than IAIM.
In addition to reading this Disclosure Brochure carefully, Clients are urged to inquire whether lower cost
share classes are available and/or appropriate for their account in consideration of the Client’s expected
investment holding periods, amounts invested, and anticipated trading frequency. Further information
regarding fees and charges assessed by a mutual fund is available in the appropriate mutual fund
prospectus.
No Transaction Fee Mutual Fund Program Considerations.
The purchase or sale of certain funds available for investment through IAIM will result in the assessment of
transaction charges to the Client, the IAR, or IAIM. Although no transaction-fee (“NTF”) funds do not assess
transaction charges, most NTF funds have higher internal expenses than funds that do not participate in
an NTF program. These higher internal fund expenses are assessed to investors who purchase or hold
NTF funds. NTF funds may also assess a 12b-1 fee which is paid to the clearing firm at which your account
is held (your account Custodian). While IAIM does not receive these 12b-1 payments, they result in higher
overall costs to you. Depending upon the frequency of trading and hold periods, NTF funds may cost the
Client more, or may cost IAIM or the IAR less, than mutual funds that assess transaction charges but have
lower internal expenses. In addition, the higher internal expenses charged to Clients who hold NTF funds
will adversely affect the long-term performance of a Client’s account when compared to share classes of
the same fund that assess lower internal expenses.
For those IAIM advisory programs that assess transaction charges to Clients, IAIM or the IAR, a conflict of
interest exists because IAIM or the IAR has a financial incentive to recommend or select NTF funds that do
not assess transaction charges but cost more in internal expenses than funds that do assess transaction
charges but cost less in internal expenses. IAIM mitigates the impact of this conflict of interest by assessing
a transaction charge to each NTF fund purchase. In general, NTF funds are less expensive than load-
bearing funds where the Client intends to hold the fund for a period of years.
Certain mutual funds impose a mutual fund surcharge assessed to your IAR, which is a conflict of interest
as your IAR has an incentive to recommend a mutual fund without a surcharge.
Clearing/Execution Compensation and Payments on Account Balances.
IAA, our affiliated broker-dealer, receives compensation for clearance and execution services, as well as
payment for certain balances in accounts which represents a conflict of interest. Additionally, as an
introducing broker-dealer, IAA marks up account and custodial fees of its clearing firm, RBC, paid by
International Assets Investment Management, LLC
111 North Orange Ave., Suite 1000, Orlando, FL 32801
Phone: (407) 254-1500 * Fax: (407) 254-1505
www.iaac.com
Page 13
Clients, or Clients’ IARs, such as wire fees, confirmation fees and other account or transaction-based
charges to compensate IAA for the cost of its resources utilized in processing the transactions and to
generate additional profit for IAA.
This situation causes a conflict of interest in that IAIM generally requires that a Client direct brokerage
transactions to IAA for trade execution and account custody through RBC and IAA has discretion to direct
its clearing firm to mark-up certain fees. IAA receives these mark ups indirectly from your account and this
arrangement provides a financial incentive for IAA to maintain its relationship with its clearing firm so that it
may continue to receive these mark ups.
Depending upon your account and relationship, you may also incur periodic account maintenance or IRA
custodial fees, in addition to processing, service, and account fees upon certain events or occurrences.
You will incur interest charges if you borrow on margin using a securities-based loan in any of your
accounts. IAA negotiates these charges and you may pay more or less for comparable services than at
another firm. IAA also sets the pricing in most cases, and part of our business model includes deriving profit
from these fees. IAA may also receive rebates from our clearing firm that are calculated based on all or a
portion of these fees. For additional information on fees please refer to our Brokerage Account Fee
Schedule under the Disclosures page of www.iaac.com
For accounts custodied at RBC, IAA receives payments directly tied to the amount of IAIM’s Clients’ cash
that is invested into cash sweep vehicles. IAA’s compensation is paid out of the sweep funds’ assets or
bank sweep return, but our payments do not reduce your rate of return. Clients are urged to read Item 14
further in this Disclosure Brochure, Compensation Received by our Affiliated Broker-Dealer IAA, Cash and
Cash Sweeps which details these payments and the associated conflict of interest.
IAIM has a duty to provide the best execution services to its Clients and to seek the best execution from its
Custodians for its Clients. IAIM routinely reviews qualitative and quantitative best execution statistics
relative to its Custodians and the overall custodial industry to mitigate the conflict of interest.
IAIM urges Clients to discuss with their IAR whether lower cost share classes, account types, or custodial
arrangements are available and appropriate given their expected holding period, amount invested, trading
frequency, the amount of the advisory fee charged, whether they will pay transaction charges for purchases
and sales, whether Clients will pay higher internal fund expenses in lieu of transaction charges that could
adversely affect long-term performance, other holdings, asset aggregation discounts, and relevant tax
considerations. An IAR may recommend, select, or continue to hold a fund share class, account type or
custodial arrangement that is more costly than other available options due to the factors discussed above.
TPAM Program Considerations.
With respect to accounts referred by IAIM to a TPAM, that manager, and not IAIM, manages the Client’s
assets. To the extent that the Client’s assets are managed without IAIM’s influence, those assets are not
subject to IAIM’s policies described herein. Rather they are subject to the TPAM’s own policies regarding
share class selection, retention or crediting of 12b-1 fees, and the other considerations detailed herein.
Clients whose assets are managed by a TPAM should refer to the TPAM’s Disclosure Brochure for
information and important disclosures regarding their share class and fee retention practices and conflicts
of interest.
Other Compensation Paid to IARs.
IAIM employees and IARs receive non-cash compensation from investment sponsors or clearing firms that
is not in connection with any particular customer or investment. Compensation includes such items as gifts
valued at less than $100 annually, an occasional dinner or ticket to an event, or reimbursement in
connection with educational meetings, customer workshops or events, or marketing or advertising
initiatives, including services for identifying prospective customers. IARs are eligible to receive other
benefits. These benefits present a conflict of interest because the IAR has an incentive to remain an
investment advisor representative of IAIM in order to maintain these benefits instead of seeking to work
with another firm. These benefits include eligibility for practice management support and enhanced service
International Assets Investment Management, LLC
111 North Orange Ave., Suite 1000, Orlando, FL 32801
Phone: (407) 254-1500 * Fax: (407) 254-1505
www.iaac.com
Page 14
support levels that give a variety of benefits, conferences (e.g., for education, networking, training, and
personal and professional development), and other non-cash compensation. Such benefits also include,
reduced ticket charges, free or reduced-cost marketing assistance reimbursement or credits of fees that
IARs pay to IAIM for items such as administrative services or technology, and payments that can be in the
form of repayable or forgivable loans (e.g., for retention purposes or to assist an IAR grow his/her securities
practice).
If IAA, IAIM or Pecunia makes a forgivable or repayable loan to a new or existing IAR, there is also a conflict
of interest because the interest in collecting on the loan affects IAIM’s ability to objectively supervise the
IAR. IAIM mitigates this conflict by adhering to its written supervisory procedures and taking the appropriate
disciplinary action, which could include the termination of the IAR’s association with IAIM.
If an IAR recently became associated with IAIM after working with another financial services firm, he/she
may have received recruitment compensation from IAA, Pecunia or IAIM in connection with the transition.
In many cases, this transition assistance includes payments from IAA, Pecunia or IAIM that are commonly
intended to assist an IAR with costs associated with the transition; however, IAA, Pecunia or IAIM does not
verify that any payments made are actually used for transition costs. These payments can be in the form
of repayable or forgivable loans, and may have favorable interest rate terms, as compared to other lenders.
The amount of the loan may be related to the overall amount of assets under management by the IAR at
his/her prior firm. Such payments are generally based on the amount of assets under management at the
IAR’s former firm and the projected amount of assets that will be transferring to IAIM. The receipt of this
compensation creates a conflict of interest in that the IAR has a financial incentive to recommend that a
Client open and maintain an account with IAIM for advisory, brokerage and/or custody services, and to
recommend switching investment products or services where a Client’s current investment options are not
available through IAIM, in order to receive a benefit or payment.
IAIM and your IAR are compensated based on the amount of assets in your account, which creates an
incentive for us to increase your assets or engage in transactions that result in higher total assets in your
account.
Under some programs, your IAR pays IAA a charge for each trade executed, which creates an incentive
for your IAR to trade less frequently to retain more compensation.
IAIM and/or our IARs also receive benefits such as assistance with conferences and educational meetings
from product sponsors. In addition, IAIM and/or our IARs may receive cash and non-cash marketing
assistance from product sponsors.
Your IAR’s primary compensation is composed of his/her “total production”, which is based on the total
assets he/she manages at IAIM, and commissions and trails he/she receives from IAA. Commissions and
trails paid to an IAR by IAA are a percentage of the gross dealer concessions IAA receives when a Client
purchases securities through IAA. The compensation grid is investment neutral, meaning the percentage
of the compensation from any given transaction your IAR receives does not vary based on the investment
recommended. Your IAR’s payout percentage is adjusted depending on your IAR’s total production.
Therefore, IARs have an incentive to increase their assets under management at IAIM. The potential to
receive higher payout percentage adjustments incentivizes your IAR to encourage more trading or
recommend the purchase of additional investments at IAA that increase your IAR’s total production and
payout percentage. This conflict grows as your IAR approaches specific production thresholds that will
increase the percentage of the total compensation he or she receives.
Compensation Relating to Outside Business Activities.
IAIM has a number of IARs licensed to sell insurance and annuity investment products to Clients. This
arrangement presents a conflict of interest and gives the IAR an incentive to recommend insurance
products based on the compensation received including bonus payments based on cumulative sales, rather
than the Client’s needs. IAIM mitigates the inherent conflict of interest by requiring its IARs to channel
certain insurance activity, specifically that which contains “securities” or “investment” components through
IAIM for a suitability review and approval. IAIM does not require your IAR to submit traditional insurance
International Assets Investment Management, LLC
111 North Orange Ave., Suite 1000, Orlando, FL 32801
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Page 15
products (such as life, accident and health) to us for a review and approval. In most cases your IAR is paid
directly from the insurance company for these product sales and therefore has an incentive to recommend
these products to you in an effort to avoid giving a portion of the money earned from selling this product to
IAIM.
IARs have the option of utilizing a field marketing organization (“FMO”) to sell traditional and indexed
insurance products. IAA receives payment for business placed through these FMOs. This arrangement
creates an incentive for IAIM to encourage IARs to place business through these FMOs. Compensation
may include payments made in connection with IAIM’s/IAA’s marketing and sales-force education and
training efforts, including IAIM’s/IAA’s sales and education conferences.
Each IAR is required to disclose if he/she participates in any outside business activities, whether investment
related or not. In reviewing outside business activity requests, IAIM and, if applicable, IAA and/or GAA, will
determine if there is a conflict of interest and ultimately approve or deny the activity. If your IAR engages in
any outside business activities, these activities may cause your IAR to spend more time on the outside
business activity rather than on his/her relationship with you. You can research any outside business
activities of your IAR the SEC website at www.adviserinfo.sec.gov. You can also find additional information
on these outside business activities in your IAR’s ADV Part 2B document. You IAR will provide this
document to you upon request.
D.
Return of Unearned Compensation to Clients
For Clients that are billed in advance on a quarterly basis, the fee will be prorated based on the number of
days the account was open during the quarter. Any paid, unearned fees will be promptly refunded to the
Client.
Item 6 – Performance-Based Fees and Side-By-Side Management
IAIM does not charge performance-based fees for its investment advisory services. The fees charged by
IAIM are as described in “Item 5 – Fees and Compensation” above.
IAIM does not manage any proprietary investment funds or limited partnerships (for example, a hedge fund
or company-funded investment account).
Item 7 – Types of Clients
IAIM offers investment advisory services to individuals, high net worth individuals, families, trusts, estates,
businesses and retirement plans. Further information concerning each type of Client is available on IAIM’s
Form ADV Part 1A. IAIM’s minimum account size is $50,000. However, the minimum may be waived at
IAIM’s discretion.
Item 8 – Methods of Analysis, Investment Strategies and Risk of Loss
Your IAR may employ methods of investment analysis to evaluate securities for potential investment
recommendations. These methods include but are not limited to the following:
A.
Methods of Analysis
Charting: Review of charts of market and security activity to discern trends in market movements
to potentially predict future market trends.
Fundamental Analysis: Evaluation of economic and financial factors to determine if a security
may be underpriced, overpriced or fairly priced.
Technical Analysis: Analysis of past market movements and apply that analysis to the present
conditions in an attempt to recognize recurring patterns of investor behavior and potentially predict
future price movement.
Cyclical Analysis: The practice of analyzing business cycles with the goal of finding advantageous
times to buy or sell a security.
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Quantitative Analysis: Analysis of mathematical models in an attempt to obtain measurements of
a company's value to potentially predict changes to that data.
Qualitative Analysis: Subjective evaluation of non-quantifiable factors in an attempt to potentially
predict changes to share price based on that data.
Asset Allocation: Attempts to identify an appropriate ratio of asset classes that are consistent with
the Client's investment goals and risk tolerance.
IAR may monitor
Mutual Fund and/or ETF Analysis: Evaluation of a variety of factors in an attempt to potentially
predict the future performance of the mutual fund or ETF. IAIM may consider, among other things,
the experience, expertise, investment philosophy, and past performance to determine if the
manager has demonstrated an ability to invest over a period of time and in different economic
conditions. The
the manager's underlying holdings, strategies, and
concentrations.
Third Party Money Manager Analysis: Evaluation of the experience, expertise, investment
philosophies, and past performance of independent third-party investment managers in an attempt
to determine if that manager has demonstrated an ability to invest over a period of time and in
different economic conditions. IAIM may monitor the manager's underlying holdings, strategies,
and concentrations.
Criteria-based Analysis: Evaluation of Client-based risk profile derived from responses provided
by the Client on a questionnaire.
B.
Investment Strategies
The investment strategy recommended for you is based upon the initial financial profile information you
provided your IAR. It is important to at least annually review with your IAR your investment objectives, risk
tolerance, tax objectives, liquidity needs, and any other relevant financial considerations, prior to choosing
an investment strategy. All investments carry a certain degree of risk and no particular investment style or
portfolio manager is suitable for all types of investors.
Your IAR may use a variety of investment strategies depending on your circumstances, financial objectives,
and needs. Your IAR may recommend implementing one or more of the following investment strategies:
long-term purchases (generally held at least a year); short-term purchases (generally held less than a year);
trading (typically held less than 30 days); and option transactions (call and put positions). If you are
uncomfortable or object to any investment strategy proposed or used by your IAR, we request that you
promptly advise your IAR of your concerns. Since you will receive account statements from your Custodian
at least quarterly, you will need to contact your IAR or the IAIM compliance department if any transaction
or series of transactions, in your view, is objectionable in any way. If you do not contact your IAR or IAIM’s
compliance department within sixty (60) calendar days of receipt of the Custodian statement, you are
implicitly agreeing that each transaction, series of transactions, and investment strategy is consistent with
your investment suitability and goals.
C.
Risk of Loss
Investing in securities involves certain investment risks. Securities may fluctuate in value or lose value.
Clients should be prepared to bear the potential risk of loss. IARs will assist Clients in determining an
appropriate strategy based on the Client’s tolerance for risk and other factors noted above. However, there
is no guarantee that a Client will meet his/her investment goals. It is important to understand that no
methodology or investment strategy is guaranteed to be successful or profitable. There are risks inherent
in each method of analysis and investment strategy, including those listed above.
For example, a risk of any method of analysis that considers past performance as a predictor of future
performance is that past performance is no guarantee of future results. Some methods of analysis, such as
fundamental analysis, focus on identifying the value of the company, without considering external factors
such as market movements. Failure to consider external factors presents a potential risk, as the price of a
security may be impacted by the overall market, regardless of the economic and financial factors considered
in evaluating the specific company.
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Other methods of analysis, such as technical analysis, evaluate external factors, but do not consider the
underlying financial condition of a company. Failure to consider a company's underlying value presents a
risk that a poorly managed or financially unsound company may under-perform regardless of positive
market movements.
Most methods of analysis require your IAR to make one or more assumptions or subjective judgments. If
any of the assumptions or judgments are incorrect or are not realized, then the analysis may be inaccurate.
Finally, all of the methods of analysis described above rely on the assumption that all publicly available
sources of information are accurate, and that the analysis is not compromised by inaccurate or misleading
information.
In addition, each Client engagement will entail a review of the Client's investment goals, financial situation,
time horizon, tolerance for risk and other factors to develop an appropriate strategy for managing a Client's
account. Client participation in this process, including full and accurate disclosure of requested information,
is essential for the analysis of a Client's account. The IAR relies on the financial and other information
provided by the Client or their designees without the duty or obligation to validate the accuracy and
completeness of the provided information. It is the Client’s responsibility to inform the IAR of any changes
in financial condition, goals or other factors that may affect this analysis.
The risks associated with a particular strategy are provided to each Client in advance of investing Client
assets. The IAR will work with each Client to determine their tolerance for risk as part of the portfolio
construction process.
A risk of investing with a TPAM who has been successful in the past is that the manager may not be able
to replicate that success in the future. In addition, as IAIM does not control the underlying investments in a
TPAM's portfolio, there is also a risk that a manager may deviate from the stated investment objective or
strategy of the portfolio, making it a less suitable investment for Clients. Moreover, as IAIM does not control
the TPAM's daily business and compliance operations, IAIM may not be aware of any lack of internal
controls necessary to prevent business, regulatory or reputational deficiencies.
Some of the risks associated with investing and the types of investments that IAIM makes available to its
Clients are described below:
Long term purchases: General risk involved is opportunity risk. Opportunity risk is whereby investing
in one security you lose the potential to invest in something that may perform better in a shorter period.
Short term purchases: When utilizing short-term purchasing as a strategy the risk is that one may miss
out on the long-term performance of a security. Additionally, there may be additional costs involved
with this strategy that may hurt overall performance of the Client portfolio.
Trading: Frequent trading may impact a portfolio’s performance through increased costs associated
with the amount of activity occurring in the Client account.
Margin Transactions: The major risks involving the use of margin transactions include market, interest
rate and leverage risks. There are specific margin requirements set by the Federal Reserve and
Custodian. Generally, Clients with approved margin can use 50% of their holdings. Clients must then
maintain a maintenance margin, which is a percentage of the current market value of the securities in
the account. If this percentage falls below 25%, Clients will be required to either deposit additional funds
or sell off securities to meet the requirement. The interest rate risk comes into play on the funds being
borrowed. If interest rates increase, so will the cost associated with borrowing the funds to make the
additional purchases. In the event a Client does not meet his/her margin requirements, firms can sell
off securities without contacting the Client. As to the leverage risk, any loss will be magnified by the
amount of leverage used.
Market Risk: Market risk is the risk that the value of securities owned by an investor may go up or down,
sometimes rapidly or unpredictably, due to factors affecting securities markets generally or particular
industries.
Interest Rate Risk: Interest rate risk is the risk that fixed income securities will decline in value because
of an increase in interest rates. A bond or a fixed income fund with a longer duration will be more
sensitive to changes in interest rates than a bond or bond fund with a shorter duration.
International Assets Investment Management, LLC
111 North Orange Ave., Suite 1000, Orlando, FL 32801
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Credit Risk: Credit risk is the risk that an investor could lose money if the issuer or guarantor of a fixed
income security is unable or unwilling to meet its financial obligations.
Issuer‐Specific Risk: Issuer-specific risk is the risk that the value of an individual security or particular
type of security can be more volatile than the market as a whole and can perform differently from the
value of the market as a whole.
Investment Company Risk: To the extent a Client account invests in ETFs or other investment
companies, its performance will be affected by the performance of those other investment companies.
Investments in ETFs and other investment companies are subject to the risks of the investment
companies’ investments, as well as to the investment companies’ expenses. If a Client account invests
in other investment companies, the Client account may receive distributions of taxable gains from
portfolio transactions by that investment company and may recognize taxable gains from transactions
in shares of that investment company, which would be taxable when distributed.
Concentration Risk: To the extent a Client account concentrates its investments by investing a
significant portion of its assets in the securities of a single issuer, industry, sector, country, or region, the
overall adverse impact on the Client of adverse developments in the business of such issuer, such
industry or such government could be considerably greater than if they did not concentrate their
investments to such an extent.
Sector Risk: To the extent a Client account invests more heavily in particular sectors, industries, or
sub‐sectors of the market, its performance will be especially sensitive to developments that significantly
affect those sectors, industries, or sub‐sectors. An individual sector, industry, or sub‐ sector of the
market may be more volatile, and may perform differently, than the broader market. The industries that
comprise a sector may all react in the same way to economic, political, or regulatory events. A Client
account’s performance could be affected if the sectors, industries, or sub‐sectors do not perform as
expected. Alternatively, the lack of exposure to one or more sectors or industries may adversely affect
performance.
Alternative Strategy Mutual Funds: Certain mutual funds invest primarily in alternative investments
and/or strategies. Investing in alternative investments and/or strategies may not be suitable for all
investors and involves special risks, such as risks associated with commodities, real estate, leverage,
selling securities short, the use of derivatives, potential adverse market forces, regulatory changes and
potential illiquidity. There are special risks associated with mutual funds that invest principally in real
estate securities, such as sensitivity to changes in real estate values, interest rates and price volatility
because of the fund’s concentration in the real estate industry. These types of funds tend to have higher
expense ratios than more traditional mutual funds. They also tend to be newer and have less of a track
record or performance history.
Closed-End/Interval Funds: Clients should be aware that closed-end and interval funds may not give
investors the right to redeem their shares, and a secondary market may not exist. Therefore, Clients
may be unable to liquidate all or a portion of their shares in these types of funds. While the fund may
offer to repurchase shares from time to time, the fund is not obligated to do so. In the case of interval
funds, the fund will provide limited liquidity to shareholders by offering to repurchase a limited number of
shares on a periodic basis, but there is no guarantee that Clients will be able to sell all of the shares in
any particular repurchase offer. The repurchase offer program may be suspended under certain
circumstances.
Exchange-Traded Funds (ETFs): ETFs are typically investment companies that are legally classified
as open-end mutual funds or UITs. However, they differ from traditional mutual funds, in particular, in
that ETF shares are listed on a securities exchange. Shares can be bought and sold throughout the
trading day like shares of other publicly traded companies. ETF shares may trade at a discount or
premium to their net asset value. This difference between the bid price and the ask price is often
referred to as the “spread.” The spread varies over time based on the ETF’s trading volume
and market liquidity and is generally lower if the ETF has a lot of trading volume and market
liquidity and higher if the ETF has little trading volume and market liquidity. Although many
ETFs are registered as an investment company under the Investment Company Act of 1940
like traditional mutual funds, some ETFs, in particular those that invest in commodities, are
not registered as investment companies. ETFs may be closed and liquidated at the discretion
of the issuing company.
International Assets Investment Management, LLC
111 North Orange Ave., Suite 1000, Orlando, FL 32801
Phone: (407) 254-1500 * Fax: (407) 254-1505
www.iaac.com
Page 19
Exchange-Traded Notes (ETNs): An ETN is a senior unsecured debt obligation designed to track the
total return of an underlying market index or other benchmark. ETNs may be linked to a variety of
assets, for example, commodity futures, foreign currency, and equities. ETNs are similar to ETFs in
that they are listed on an exchange and can typically be bought or sold throughout the trading day.
However, an ETN is not a mutual fund and does not have a net asset value; the ETN trades at the
prevailing market price. Some of the more common risks of an ETN include: (i) the repayment of the
principal, interest (if any), and the payment of any returns at maturity or upon redemption are dependent
upon the ETN issuer’s ability to pay; (ii) the trading price of the ETN in the secondary market may be
adversely impacted if the issuer’s credit rating is downgraded; (iii) the index or asset class for
performance replication in an ETN may or may not be concentrated in a specific sector, asset class or
country and may therefore carry specific risks; and (iv) ETNs may be closed and liquidated at the
discretion of the issuing company.
Options: Certain types of option trading are permitted in order to generate income or hedge a security
held in the Client’s account; namely, the selling (writing) of covered call options or the purchasing of
put options on a security held in the Client account. Clients should be aware that the use of options
involves additional risks. The risks of covered call writing include the potential for the market to rise
sharply. In such case, the security may be called away and the Client’s account will no longer hold the
security. The risk of buying long puts is limited to the loss of the premium paid for the purchase of the
put if the option is not exercised or otherwise sold by the program account.
Structured Products: Structured products are securities derived from another asset, such as a
security or a basket of securities, an index, a commodity, a debt issuance, or a foreign currency.
Structured products frequently limit the upside participation in the reference asset. Structured products
are senior unsecured debt of the issuer and subject to the credit risk associated with that issuer. This
credit risk exists whether or not the investment held in the account offers principal protection. The
creditworthiness of the issuer does not affect or enhance the likely performance of the investment other
than the ability of the issuer to meet its obligations. Any payments due at maturity are dependent on
the issuer’s ability to pay. In addition, the trading price of the security in the secondary market, if there
is one, may be adversely impacted if the issuer’s credit rating is downgraded. Some structured products
offer full protection of the principal invested, others offer only partial or no protection. Investors may be
sacrificing a higher yield to obtain the principal protection. In addition, the principal protection relates to
nominal principal and does not offer inflation protection. An investor in a structured product never has
a claim on the underlying investment, whether a security, zero coupon bond, or option. There may be
little or no secondary market for the securities and information regarding independent market pricing
for the securities may be limited. This is true even if the product has a ticker symbol or has been
approved for listing on an exchange. Tax treatment of structured products may be different from other
investments held in the account (e.g., income may be taxed as ordinary income even though payment
is not received until maturity). Structured CDs that are insured by the FDIC are subject to applicable
FDIC limits.
High-Yield Debt: High-yield debt is issued by companies or municipalities that do not qualify for
“investment grade” ratings by one or more rating agencies. The below investment grade designation is
based on the rating agency’s opinion that an issuer that has less ability to repay both principal and
interest and a greater risk of default than those issuers rated investment grade. High yield debt carries
greater risk than investment grade debt. The risk is that the potential deterioration of an issuer’s
financial health and subsequent downgrade in its rating will result in a decline in market value or default.
Because of the potential inability of an issuer to make interest and principal payments, an investor may
receive back less than originally invested or in some cases, nothing at all. There is also the risk that
the bond’s market value will decline as interest rates rise and that an investor will not be able to
liquidate a bond before maturity.
Business Development Companies (BDCs): BDCs are typically closed-end investment companies.
Some BDCs primarily invest in the corporate debt and equity of private companies and may offer
attractive yields generated through high credit risk exposures amplified through leverage. As with other
high-yield investments, such as floating-rate/leveraged loan funds, non-traded real estate investment
trusts (“REITs”) and limited partnerships, investors are exposed to significant market, credit, and
liquidity risks. In addition, fueled by the availability of low-cost financing, BDCs run the risk of over-
leveraging their relatively illiquid portfolios. Due to the illiquid nature of non- traded BDCs, investors’
exit opportunities may be limited only to periodic share repurchases by the BDC at high discounts.
International Assets Investment Management, LLC
111 North Orange Ave., Suite 1000, Orlando, FL 32801
Phone: (407) 254-1500 * Fax: (407) 254-1505
www.iaac.com
Page 20
Variable Annuities: If a Client purchases a variable annuity, the Client will receive a prospectus and
should rely solely on the disclosure contained in the prospectus with respect to the terms and conditions
of the variable annuity. Clients should also be aware that certain riders purchased with a variable
annuity may limit the investment options and the ability to manage the subaccounts. Additionally, the
decision to liquidate an annuity prior to its maturity date may result in surrender charges and a complete
loss of certain benefits for which significant fees may have been previously paid to the annuity issuer.
Company Stock: If company stock is available as an investment option to Client in a retirement plan,
and if Client chooses to invest in company stock, Client should understand the risks associated with
holding company stock in a retirement plan. These risks may include, but are not necessarily limited to,
lack of liquidity, over-dependency on Client’s employer, and less flexibility to change the allocation of
plan assets. Client should pay careful consideration to the benefits of a diversified portfolio. Although
diversification is not a guarantee against loss, it can be an effective strategy to help manage investment
risk.
Cybersecurity Risk: In addition to the material risks listed above, investing involves various
operational and “cybersecurity” risks. These risks include both intentional and unintentional events at
IAIM and/or one of our service providers, which may result in a loss or corruption of data, resulting in the
unauthorized release or other misuse of confidential information, and generally compromise IAIM’s
ability to conduct business. A cybersecurity breach may also result in a third-party obtaining
unauthorized access to our clients’ information, including social security numbers, home addresses,
account numbers, account balances, and account holdings. IAIM has established business continuity
plans and risk management systems designed to reduce the risks associated with cybersecurity
breaches. However, there are inherent limitations in these plans and systems, including that certain
risks may not have been identified, in large part because different or unknown threats may emerge in
the future. As such, there is no guarantee that such efforts will succeed, especially because IAIM does
not directly control the cybersecurity systems of our third-party service providers. There is also a risk
that cybersecurity breaches may not be detected.
Past performance is not a guarantee of future returns. Investing in securities and other investments
involve a risk of loss that each Client should understand and be willing to bear. Clients are reminded
to discuss these risks with their IAR.
Item 9 – Disciplinary Information
There are no legal, regulatory, or disciplinary events involving IAIM management persons.
On September 3, 2024, IAIM, without admitting or denying the findings, consented to the entry of an Order
Instituting Administrative and Cease-and-Desist Proceedings Pursuant to Sections 203(e) and 203(k) of
the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 (the “Order”). The Order states that IAIM violated those provisions by
failing to provide full and fair disclosures regarding the following compensation and financial incentives that
its affiliated broker-dealer received from the clearing broker: (1) an incentive payment received in August
2018 from the clearing broker that was contingent on the conversion of the majority of customer accounts,
including of those customers who were also advisory clients, to the clearing broker for clearing and custodial
services; (2) revenue sharing payments from advisory client investments in the clearing broker’s FDIC-
insured bank deposit cash sweep program between August 2018 and December 2021; and (3) revenue
sharing payments from the clearing broker on the rate of interest charged to advisory clients on margin
loans and lines of credit between August 2018 and May 2020. IAIM was censured, ordered to cease and
desist, to pay disgorgement of $576,134.19 and prejudgment interest of $174,276.18. In addition, IAIM was
ordered to pay a civil penalty of $150,000 and agreed to comply with the undertakings in the order. A copy
of the Order can be found at the following link:
https://www.sec.gov/files/litigation/admin/2024/ia-6673.pdf
IAIM values the trust you place in us. We encourage you to perform the requisite due diligence on any
advisor or service provider with whom you partner. Our backgrounds are on the Investment Adviser Public
Disclosure website at www.adviserinfo.sec.gov by searching our firm name or our CRD# 284656.
International Assets Investment Management, LLC
111 North Orange Ave., Suite 1000, Orlando, FL 32801
Phone: (407) 254-1500 * Fax: (407) 254-1505
www.iaac.com
Page 21
Item 10 – Other Financial Industry Activities and Affiliations
IAIM is affiliated by common ownership with Primus Financial Services, LLC, a broker-dealer, International
Assets Advisory, LLC a broker-dealer, SEC registered investment advisor and insurance agency, ETC
Brokerage Services, LLC, a broker-dealer, clearing firm and custodian, Equity Trust Company, a North
Dakota trust company, and Global Assets Advisory, LLC, a SEC registered investment advisor.
Primus Financial Services, LLC (“Primus”) is a SEC registered broker-dealer and a member of the Financial
Industry Regulatory Authority (‘FINRA”). IAIM’s executive officers also serve as executive officers of Primus.
Potential conflicts of interest arise to the extent that these non-IAIM activities may require a significant time
commitment from the executive officers, thus limiting the amount of time they can dedicate to management
of IAIM.
International Assets Advisory, LLC (“IAA”) is a SEC registered broker-dealer and investment adviser, a
member of FINRA, and an insurance agency. Some IARs are also registered representatives of IAA. In an
IAR’s separate capacity as a registered representative, the IAR will typically receive commissions for the
implementation of recommendations for commissionable transactions. The recommendation of IAA for
trade execution, as well as receipt of additional compensation from IAIM, its IARs and/or management
personnel creates a conflict of interest that may impair the objectivity of IAIM and these individuals when
making advisory and brokerage recommendations. Potential conflicts of interest also arise to the extent that
these non-IAIM activities may require a significant time commitment from some of the IAIM personnel, thus
limiting the amount of time they can dedicate to management of advisory Client accounts. Clients are not
obligated to implement any recommendation provided by an IAR or IAIM. Neither IAIM nor an IAR will earn
ongoing investment advisory fees in connection with any services implemented in the IAR’s separate
capacity as a registered representative. Additionally, IAIM does not receive any portion of the commissions
or other compensation relating to the IAR’s recommendations in a broker-dealer capacity. Certain IARs
may have received financial support from IAA in the transition of Client accounts to IAA.
Mill75 Investment Fund Management LLC, serves as the Manager of Mill75 Investment Fund, LLC
(“Mill75”), a private investment fund offering accredited investors through IAIM the opportunity to invest in
the development of a multi-family project located in the greater Dallas metro area. The Manager is not
registered as an investment adviser with the SEC, or the securities bureau of any state. The principals of
the Manager, through various trusts and other related entities, own the majority of IAIM. This ownership
creates a conflict as IAIM has incentive to promote Mill75 because it produces additional revenue to the
principals.
ETCB is a SEC registered broker-dealer, qualified custodian and a member of FINRA. ETC is a directed
trustee for retirement accounts. Conflicts of interest arise as ETCB and ETC are under common ownership
with IAIM. IAIM has an incentive to promote ETCB and ETC because of the additional revenue produced
by these affiliates.
Global Assets Advisory, LLC (“GAA”) is a SEC registered investment advisor. Certain of GAA’s executive
officers also serve as officers of IAIM. Potential conflicts of interest arise to the extent that these non-IAIM
activities may require a significant time commitment from some of the IAIM personnel, thus limiting the
amount of time they can dedicate to management of IAIM.
Additionally, some IARs are registered with GAA. These IARs may recommend that you open an account
with GAA or IAIM. Clients are encouraged to evaluate IAIM and GAA before opening an account including
the account service fee schedule as fees may differ depending on the RIA and custodian chosen. These
fees are in addition to the investment portfolio management fee.
IAIM addresses these conflicts of interest by disclosing to our Clients: (i) the existence of these conflicts,
including the potential for IAIM and its personnel to earn compensation from advisory Clients in addition to
IAIM’s advisory fees, and (ii) that they are not obligated to purchase recommended investment products or
services from our IARs.
Referrals to Other Investment Advisors; Conflicts of Interest
International Assets Investment Management, LLC
111 North Orange Ave., Suite 1000, Orlando, FL 32801
Phone: (407) 254-1500 * Fax: (407) 254-1505
www.iaac.com
Page 22
As explained in greater detail below in Item 14, IAIM may receive compensation for recommending or
selecting investment advisors to provide investment products or services to Clients. IAIM monitors the sales
practices and all forms of direct and indirect compensation received by our IARs to ensure they are acting
in compliance with IAIM’s policies and procedures which are designed to prevent abuses, and to ensure
that compensation is within industry standards and compliant with securities laws, rules and regulations.
A.
Other Conflicts
Jeffrey Winn, an indirect owner of IAA, Primus, GAA, and IAIM is a non-compensated board member of a
non-affiliated company, Stanberry Asset Management Partners, LLC. Mr. Winn is bound by Confidentiality
and Non-Disclosure agreements.
The IARs that are licensed as registered representatives of IAA are subject to regulations that restrict them
from conducting securities transactions away from IAA without written authorization from IAA. Clients
should, therefore, be aware that for accounts where IAA serves as the introducing broker-dealer, IAIM is
limited to offering services and investment vehicles that are approved by IAA, and may be prohibited from
offering services and investment vehicles that may be available through other broker-dealers.
As a result of the facts that certain IARs are licensed with IAA, IAA is responsible for supervising certain
activities of IAIM to the extent IAIM manages assets at a broker-dealer other than IAA. IAA charges a fee
for this oversight. This situation presents a conflict of interest in that IAIM has a financial incentive to
recommend that you maintain your account with IAA rather than another broker-dealer in order to avoid the
oversight fee. However, to the extent IAIM recommends you use IAA for such services, it is because IAIM
believes that it is in your best interest to do so based on the quality and pricing of the execution, benefits of
an IAIM platform for brokerage and advisory accounts, and other services provided by IAA.
B.
Insurance Agents
Some IARs serve as licensed insurance professionals. Implementations of insurance recommendations
are separate and apart from an IAR’s role with IAIM. As insurance professionals, IARs may receive
customary commissions and other related revenues including sales bonuses from the various insurance
companies whose products are sold. IARs are not required to offer insurance products from any particular
insurance company. Commissions generated by insurance sales do not offset regular advisory fees. This
situation causes a conflict of interest in recommending certain products of the insurance companies, which
is mitigated by the fact that Clients are under no obligation to implement any recommendations made by
IAIM or its IARs.
Item 11 - Code of Ethics, Participation or Interest in Client Transactions and
Personal Trading
A.
Code of Ethics
IAIM has implemented a Code of Ethics that defines our fiduciary commitment to each Client (“Code”). This
Code applies to all persons associated with IAIM (our “Supervised Persons”). The Code was developed to
provide general ethical guidelines and specific instructions regarding our duties to our Clients. IAIM and its
Supervised Persons owe a duty of loyalty, fairness, and good faith towards each Client. Each Supervised
Person is obligated to adhere not only to the specific provisions of the Code, but also to the general
principles that guide the Code. The Code covers a range of topics that address Supervised Persons ethics
and conflicts of interest. To request a copy of our Code, please contact us at (407) 257-1500.
B.
Personal Trading with Material Interest
IAIM allows its Supervised Persons to purchase or sell the same securities that may be recommended to
and purchased on behalf of Clients. IAIM does not act as principal in any transactions. In addition, IAIM
does not act as the general partner of a fund or advise an investment company. IAIM does not have a
International Assets Investment Management, LLC
111 North Orange Ave., Suite 1000, Orlando, FL 32801
Phone: (407) 254-1500 * Fax: (407) 254-1505
www.iaac.com
Page 23
material interest in any securities traded in Client accounts.
C.
Personal Trading in Same Securities as Clients
IAIM allows its Supervised Persons to purchase or sell the same securities that may be recommended to
and purchased on behalf of Clients. Owning the same securities we recommend (purchase or sell) to you
presents a potential conflict of interest that, as fiduciaries, we must disclose to you and mitigate through
policies and procedures. As noted above, we have adopted a Code of Ethics, which addresses insider
trading (material non-public information controls) and personal securities reporting procedures. When
trading for personal accounts, Supervised Persons may have a conflict of interest if trading in the same
securities. The fiduciary duty to act in the best interest of Clients can potentially be violated if personal
trades are made with more advantageous terms than Client trades, or by trading based on material non-
public information. This risk is mitigated by thorough review and reporting of personal securities transactions
by its Supervised Persons for review by the Chief Compliance Officer (“CCO”) or delegate. We have also
adopted written policies and procedures to detect the misuse of material, non-public information.
D.
Personal Trading at Same Time as Client
While IAIM allows our Supervised Persons to purchase or sell the same securities that may be
recommended to and purchased on behalf of Clients, such trades are typically aggregated with Client
orders or traded afterwards. At no time will any Supervised Person transact in any security to the detriment
of any Client.
Item 12 – Brokerage Practices
A.
Recommendation of Custodians
With limited exceptions, IARs registered with IAA recommend that Clients establish accounts at IAA. IAA
clears its securities transactions through RBC, an unaffiliated entity. Clients are encouraged to evaluate
IAA and RBC before opening an account.
Please refer to Items 5 and 10 of this Disclosure Brochure for a more detailed description of our relationship
with IAA and the policies implemented by IAIM to monitor and mitigate the existing conflicts of interest.
IAIM has an arrangement with Axos Clearing, LLC (“Axos”) through which Axos provides us with
“institutional platform services”. IAIM is not affiliated with Axos. The institutional platform services include,
among others, brokerage, custody, and other related services. Axos institutional platform services that
assist us in managing and administering Clients’ accounts include software and other technology that: (i)
provide access to Client account data (such as trade confirmations and account statements); (ii) facilitate
trade execution and allocate aggregated trade orders for multiple Client accounts; (iii) provide pricing and
other market data; (iv) facilitate payment of fees from its Clients’ accounts; and (v) assist with back-office
functions, recordkeeping and Client reporting.
Both RBC, and Axos offer other services intended to help us manage and further develop our advisory
practice. Such services include, but are not limited to, performance reporting, financial planning, contact
management systems, third party research, publications, access to educational conferences, roundtables
and webinars, practice management resources, access to consultants and other third party service
providers who provide a wide array of business related services and technology to IAIM and our IARs.
RBC generally does not charge its advisor Clients separately for custody services but is compensated by
account holders through transaction related or asset based fees for securities trades that are executed
through the broker-dealer or that settle into the broker-dealer’s accounts (i.e., transactions fees are charged
for certain no-load mutual funds, commissions are charged for individual equity and debt securities
transactions). Axos does charge IAIM Clients for custody services.
Additionally, as a result of IAIM’s agreement with Envestnet, Inc. IAIM has access to the Pershing Advisor
Solutions platform which provides IAIM with brokerage, custody, and other related services. IAIM is not
International Assets Investment Management, LLC
111 North Orange Ave., Suite 1000, Orlando, FL 32801
Phone: (407) 254-1500 * Fax: (407) 254-1505
www.iaac.com
Page 24
affiliated with Envestnet or Pershing. The Envestnet/Pershing platform services assist us in managing and
administering Clients’ accounts include software and other technology that: (i) provide access to Client
account data (such as trade confirmations and account statements); (ii) facilitate trade execution and
allocate aggregated trade orders for multiple Client accounts; (iii) provide pricing and other market data;
(iv) facilitate payment of fees from its Clients’ accounts; and (v) assist with back-office functions,
recordkeeping and Client reporting. Envestnet/Pershing does charge IAIM Clients for custody services. The
factors considered by IAIM when making a recommendation are the broker-dealer’s ability to provide
professional services, our experience with the broker-dealer, the broker-dealer’s reputation, and the broker-
dealer’s quality of execution services and costs of such services, among other factors. However, our
recommendation of IAA creates a significant conflict of interest because the receipt of additional
compensation creates a strong incentive for IAIM to continue recommending IAA.
Under our TPAM program, the TPAM is responsible for determining best execution and typically
predetermines the broker-dealer relationship as should be detailed in the TPAM’s disclosure documents
and agreements, which should be carefully reviewed by Clients.
IAIM does not receive Client referrals as an incentive to use IAA or any other brokerage to hold Client
assets, and with the exception of the TPAM Program, IAIM does not permit a Client to direct brokerage.
While IAA receives economic benefits from its Custodians, we believe they provide quality execution and
related services for our Clients at competitive prices. Price is not the sole factor IAIM considers in evaluating
best execution and the recommendation of the Custodian. IAIM also considers the quality of the brokerage
services provided by the Custodians, including each firm’s reputation, execution capabilities, commission
rates, and responsiveness to our Clients and our firm.
free
to use whatever broker-dealer
they choose
to
implement
financial planning
Clients are
recommendations. However, if a Client choses to use IAIM for his/her investment advisory services the
Client must use the services of either IAA or Axos. Please see Item 14 – Client Referrals and Other
Compensation.
The Custodians also make available to IAIM other products and services that benefit IAIM but may not
benefit its Clients’ accounts. These benefits may include national, regional, or IAIM specific educational
events organized and/or sponsored by the Custodian. Other potential benefits may include occasional
business entertainment of IAIM personnel by personnel of the Custodian, including meals, invitations to
sporting events, including golf tournaments, and other forms of entertainment, some of which may
accompany educational opportunities. Other of these products and services assist IAIM in managing and
administering Clients’ accounts. These products and services include software and other technology (and
related technological training) that provide access to Client account data (such as trade confirmations and
account statements), facilitate trade execution (and allocation of aggregated trade orders for multiple Client
accounts), provide research, pricing information and other market data, facilitate payment of IAIM’s fees
from its Clients’ accounts, and assist with back-office training and support functions, recordkeeping and
Client reporting. Many of these services generally may be used to service all or some substantial number
of IAIM’s accounts, including accounts not maintained at the Custodian providing the services. The
Custodians also make available to IAIM other services intended to help IAIM manage and further develop
its business enterprise. These services may include professional compliance, legal and business
consulting, publications and conferences on practice management, information technology, business
succession, regulatory compliance, employee benefits providers, human capital consultants, insurance,
and marketing. In addition, a Custodian may make available, arrange, and/or pay vendors for these types
of services rendered to IAIM by independent third parties. A Custodian may discount or waive fees it would
otherwise charge for some of these services or pay all or a part of the fees of a third-party providing these
services to IAIM.
These support services are provided by the Custodians to IAIM based on the overall relationship. It is not
the result of soft dollar arrangements or any other express arrangements with the Custodians on whole or
individually. IAIM anticipates that it will continue to receive these support services regardless of the volume
of Client transactions executed by IAIM or its Clients with the Custodian. Clients do not pay more because
of these arrangements. While, as a fiduciary, IAIM endeavors to act in its Clients’ best interests, IAIM’s
International Assets Investment Management, LLC
111 North Orange Ave., Suite 1000, Orlando, FL 32801
Phone: (407) 254-1500 * Fax: (407) 254-1505
www.iaac.com
Page 25
recommendation that Clients maintain their assets in accounts at a given Custodian may be based in part
on the benefit to IAIM of the availability of some of the foregoing products and services and other
arrangements and not solely on the nature, cost or quality of custody and brokerage services provided by
the Custodian, which creates a potential conflict of interest.
The following are additional details regarding the brokerage practices of IAIM:
1.
Soft Dollars - Soft dollars are revenue programs offered by broker-dealers/Custodians whereby a
RIA enters into an agreement to place security trades with the broker-dealer/Custodian in exchange for
research and other services. IAIM does not participate in soft dollar programs sponsored or offered by any
broker-dealer/Custodian. However, IAIM and its IARs do receive certain benefits from the Custodians.
Please see above and Item 14 – Client Referrals and Other Compensation.
Brokerage Referrals - IAIM does not receive any compensation from any third party in connection
2.
with the recommendation for establishing a brokerage account.
Directed Brokerage - All Clients are serviced on a “directed brokerage basis”, where IAIM will
3.
place trades within the established account(s) at IAA, Axos or Pershing via Envestnet. Further, all Client
accounts are traded within their respective brokerage account(s) at the Custodian. The IAR will not engage
in any principal transactions (i.e., trade of any security from or to the Advisor’s own account) or cross
transactions with other Client accounts (i.e., purchase of a security into one Client account from another
Client’s account(s)). IAIM will not be obligated to select competitive bids on securities transactions and does
not have an obligation to seek the lowest available transaction costs. These costs are determined by the
Custodian.
Aggregating and Allocating Trades - The primary objective in placing orders for the purchase
4.
and sale of securities for Client accounts is to obtain the most favorable net results taking into account such
factors as 1) price, 2) size of order, 3) difficulty of execution, 4) confidentiality, and 5) skill required of the
Custodian. IAIM will execute its transactions through the Custodian. IAIM may aggregate orders in a block
trade or trades when securities are purchased or sold through the Custodian for multiple (discretionary)
accounts. If a block trade cannot be executed in full at the same price or time, the securities actually
purchased or sold by the close of each business day must be allocated in a manner that is consistent with
the initial pre-allocation or other written statement. This must be done in a way that does not consistently
advantage or disadvantage particular Client accounts.
5.
Trade Errors - We have implemented procedures designed to prevent trade errors; however, trade
errors in Client accounts cannot always be avoided. Consistent with our fiduciary duty, it is our policy to
correct trade errors in a manner that is in the best interest of the Client. In cases where the Client causes
the trade error, the Client will be responsible for any loss resulting from the correction. Depending
on the specific circumstances of the trade error, the Client may not be able to receive any gains
generated as a result of the error correction. In all situations where the Client does not cause the
trade error, the Client will be made whole and we will absorb any loss resulting from the trade
error if the error was caused by IAIM.
Item 13 – Review of Accounts
A.
Frequency of Reviews
Client accounts are monitored on a regular basis by IARs and IAIM home office personnel. Formal reviews
are generally conducted at least annually or more frequently depending on various factors.
B.
Causes for Reviews
Accounts may be reviewed as a result of major changes in economic conditions, known changes in the
Client’s financial situation, and/or large deposits or withdrawals in the Client’s account(s). The Client is
encouraged to notify their IAR if changes occur in the Client’s personal financial situation that might
International Assets Investment Management, LLC
111 North Orange Ave., Suite 1000, Orlando, FL 32801
Phone: (407) 254-1500 * Fax: (407) 254-1505
www.iaac.com
Page 26
adversely affect the Client’s investment plan. Additional reviews may be triggered by material market,
economic or political events.
C.
Review Reports
The Client will receive brokerage statements no less than quarterly from the Custodian. These brokerage
statements are sent directly from the Custodian to the Client. The Client may also establish electronic
access to the Custodian’s website so that the Client may view these reports and their account activity.
Client brokerage statements will include all positions, transactions and fees relating to the Client’s
account(s). The IAR may also provide Clients with periodic consolidated reports regarding their holdings,
allocations, and performance.
D.
Financial Plans
Financial plans are reviewed as they are submitted to IAIM by IARs. Since each plan may vary in scope
and services needed, the reviewer will identify that all required paperwork has been submitted for each
Client plan. The reviewer will then make sure that the overall plan is in good order. In the event, there is an
issue with the required paperwork and/or the contents of the plan the reviewer will work with the IAR to
resolve any issues. All reviewers are IAIM home office employees and members of the firm’s operations or
compliance departments.
Item 14 – Client Referrals and Other Compensation
IAIM may enter into agreements with TPAMs whereby IAIM acts as a Promoter for investment advisory
services. IAIM receives a portion of advisory fees charged by the TPAM. Pursuant to such arrangements
(which are disclosed in advance of a Client agreement) the IAR arranges for the delivery of Disclosure
Statement and/or other related material relative to advisory services to be provided to the Client through
the Promoter. This referral activity represents a conflict of interest because of the compensation received
by IAIM. Please refer to Items 4 and 5 for further details.
Similarly, IAIM may enter into written agreements with non-supervised persons and organizations for them
to provide Client referrals to IAIM. These individuals and organizations act as Promoters for IAIM under
federal securities rules. If your advisory account is referred by a Promoter to IAIM, IAIM will pay a portion
of the ongoing advisory fee you pay us to the Promoter to compensate the Promoter for the referral. A
Client referred to IAIM by a Promoter will not pay a higher advisory fee to IAIM as a result of the referral.
All Promoter arrangements are disclosed to Clients at the time of the promotion via execution of a
Disclosure Statement that outlines whether the Promoter is a client of IAIM, the compensation that will be
paid to Promoter by IAIM, a description of any material conflicts of interest on the part of Promoter, language
that the promotion may not be representative of everyone’s experience and to seek more information about
other’s feedback, and language that the promotion is not a guarantee of future results.
Clients are urged to read Section 5C above Other Compensation Paid to IAA which includes Mutual Fund
Share Class Considerations, No Transaction Fee Mutual Fund Program Considerations,
Clearing/Execution Compensation and Payments on Account Balances. TPAM Program Considerations.
Other Compensation Paid to IARs, Model-related Compensation and Compensation Relating to Outside
Business Activities.
Compensation Received by our Affiliated Broker-Dealer IAA
Cash and Cash Sweeps
IAA, through RBC, offers a cash sweep option in all accounts. Under RBC’s Insured Deposits Sweep
Program (the “Program”), funds placed into the Program earn interest on the uninvested cash balances in
your account by automatically placing (“sweeping”) cash balances into a sweep vehicle until such balances
are invested or otherwise needed to satisfy obligations arising in connection with your account (e.g.
distributions and purchases.) The yield on such balances varies based on prevailing interest rates.
International Assets Investment Management, LLC
111 North Orange Ave., Suite 1000, Orlando, FL 32801
Phone: (407) 254-1500 * Fax: (407) 254-1505
www.iaac.com
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Balances that are swept under the Program are placed into interest bearing deposit accounts at the
Program banks. RBC sets a total limit on how much you can place into participating banks under the
Program, currently $5,000,000 ($10 million for account held jointly). If your deposit account balances
exceed the limit, RBC automatically invests the additional available cash balances in your account in shares
of a money market fund called RBC U.S. Government Money Market Fund (“RBC Fund”), per the terms
and condition and disclosure provided by RBC.
FDIC insurance covers deposit account balances at a Program bank up to $250,000 per depositor in each
recognized insurable capacity (e.g., individual, joint, IRA, etc.). This amount is an aggregate amount of
cash deposits at all banks by the depositor. Any funds above of this amount are not principally protected in
the event of bank failure. Cash you hold in these banks outside of the Program may reduce the FDIC
coverage you receive for cash held under the Program because your cash assets are typically aggregated
at each bank for coverage purposes.
Money placed in the RBC Fund or an alternative money market fund outside of the Program are covered
by SIPC, which protects against custodial risk (and not a decline in market value) when a brokerage firm
fails by replacing missing securities and cash up to a limit of $500,000, of which $250,000 may be cash.
For more information on SIPC coverage, please visit www.sipc.org.
RBC has provided us with the Program as the default cash sweep program for all Clients. RBC
compensates IAA on the cash balances based upon a percentage of the federal funds rate. IAA has no
ability to change or influence the rate of return on the cash sweep balance as this is solely determined by
RBC. The rate can be modified by RBC based upon the interest rate environment. IAIM has an incentive
to recommend that Clients select the Program because IAA receives revenue sharing payments from RBC
on the Program deposits. That revenue sharing is based on IAA’s aggregate Client assets placed into the
Program; prevailing interest rates; and a rate compression schedule that reduces our payout as rates
decrease. The interest rate provided to you through the Program is lower than market rates and other
available cash alternatives because the revenue sharing payments to IAA and others (e.g., RBC) is
deducted from the rate of return thereby lowering your rate of return. These payments create a conflict of
interest, as IAIM has an incentive to recommend that Clients opt into the Program. However, our IARs do
not receive any portion of the cash sweep vehicle compensation paid to IAA and have no additional
incentive to recommend a cash balance.
Should you wish to not participate in the Program you can choose an alternative cash investment option
(i.e. a money market fund). With respect to cash investment alternatives, such investments do pay revenue
to IAA, but any revenue received is credited back to the client. Cash alternatives may also have interest
rates that are higher than under the Program, cash invested in money markets is not swept it is traded, may
not be immediately available, and is not FDIC insured, though it would be protected by SIPC for certain
losses (please see www.sipc.org).
Whether you are investing in a sweep asset or other cash alternative, you should consider that, if you are
paying an ongoing advisory fee on your cash investment, and that fee is higher than the rate of interest
your cash is paying, you will lose money on cash reserves. The losses will be magnified in the Program
due to the revenue sharing described above. When speaking with your IAR, you should discuss whether
one of these funds or other cash equivalent investments better suit your liquidity needs.
Margin Interest
Advisory accounts have access to margin loans through RBC. Clients will only be charged interest on the
money they borrow – the RBC Express Credit debit balance. The interest rates on RBC Express Credit
Loans are usually lower than consumer loan rates. A Client must complete a “RBC Express Credit Account
Agreement and Application” to be approved for margin.
The rate of interest charged to the account is equal to the base lending rate plus a sliding scale of
percentages according to the size of the debit balance. The base lending rate is determined by RBC based
on various commercially recognized rates of interest in addition to competitive interest rates. These rates
International Assets Investment Management, LLC
111 North Orange Ave., Suite 1000, Orlando, FL 32801
Phone: (407) 254-1500 * Fax: (407) 254-1505
www.iaac.com
Page 28
vary according to market conditions and RBC reserves the right to determine which rates, or combination
of rates, will apply.
IAA often retains the difference between the Base Lending Rate and the rate charged to the client. This
receipt of interest creates a conflict of interest for IAIM. As is customary for all margin extended to Clients
by any broker-dealer and/or clearing firm, Clients will receive regular monthly statements that include a
statement for the interest period and calculated from the settlement date for each transaction.
Incentive Compensation from Clearing Firm
In 2018 IAA engaged RBC as its new clearing and custody partner. As part of the agreement IAA received
compensation consisting of an incentive payment and conversion assistance to select RBC.
Clients should be aware, therefore, that IAA’s receipt of additional compensation from RBC created a
conflict of interest since the benefits from RBC could influence IAA’s choice of RBC over other Custodians
that do not furnish similar benefits. However, IAA and IAIM’s commitment to its Clients and the policies and
procedures it has adopted are designed to limit any interference with IAIM’s independent decision-making
process when choosing the most appropriate Custodians for our Clients.
Item 15 – Custody
IAIM is deemed to have custody of client assets due to a related entity being a qualified custodian. IAIM
encourages Clients to review statements provided by the Custodian carefully and contact their IAR or IAIM’s
compliance department with questions.
Consolidated Statements
Clients may also receive consolidated statements for their managed accounts from their IAR that are in
addition to the statements Clients receive from the account Custodian. IAIM urges you to compare the
account statements you receive from your account Custodian and the consolidated statements you receive
from your IAR. While account holdings and asset valuations should generally match, for the purpose of
calculating performance and account valuations on your managed account, the consolidated statement
month-end market values sometimes differs from the account Custodian’s month end values. The three
most common reasons why these values may differ are differences in the manner in which accrued interest
is calculated, the date upon which “as of” dividends and capital gains are reported and statement date vs.
trade date valuations.
If you believe there are material discrepancies between your custodial statements and the consolidated
statements you receive from your IAR, please contact IAIM’s compliance department directly at (407) 254-
1500.
For more information about Custodians and brokerage practices, see “Item 12 - Brokerage Practices”.
Item 16 – Investment Discretion
Clients may give their IAR discretionary authority via an executed Investment Advisory Agreement to effect
transactions within an account. This discretion gives the IAR the full discretion, power, and authority to sell
(including short sales), purchase, exchange, convert, tender, trade or otherwise acquire or dispose of
stocks, bonds, and any other securities including the purchase and/or sale of option contracts (exchange
traded or over-the-counter, puts, calls, etc.) to open new option positions or close existing positions, to
exercise option contracts and to sell option contracts as either a covered or uncovered writer, and/or
contracts relating to the same on margin or otherwise in accordance with the terms and conditions of the
Client’s account. The ability to trade options or use margin require additional documentation to be
completed by the Client. The use of discretion by an IAR will be conducted according to the Client’s risk
tolerance, investment objectives, and time horizon. Various securities and/or tax laws or internal procedures
may impose restrictions on the exercise of discretion or investments that can be made.
International Assets Investment Management, LLC
111 North Orange Ave., Suite 1000, Orlando, FL 32801
Phone: (407) 254-1500 * Fax: (407) 254-1505
www.iaac.com
Page 29
When utilizing certain advisory services, such as TPAMs or separate account managers, the IAR’s
discretion will involve the selection of money manager(s) for the account(s). In these situations, the IAR will
not exercise discretion with respect to transactions in the Client’s account.
International Assets Investment Management, LLC
111 North Orange Ave., Suite 1000, Orlando, FL 32801
Phone: (407) 254-1500 * Fax: (407) 254-1505
www.iaac.com
Page 30
Item 17 – Voting Client Securities
IAIM does not accept proxy-voting responsibility for any Client. Clients will receive proxy statements directly
from the Custodian. The IAR will assist in answering questions relating to proxies; however, the Client
retains the sole responsibility for proxy decisions and voting.
IAIM also does not have authority to and does not file class action claims for or participate in litigation on
behalf of Clients with respect to holdings in their accounts.
Item 18 – Financial Information
Neither IAIM, nor its management, have any adverse financial situations that would reasonably impair the
ability of IAIM to meet all obligations to its Clients. Some IARs have been subject to a bankruptcy or other
financial compromise in the past. IAIM does not believe that any of these events would reasonably impair
the ability of IAIM or its IARs to meet the needs of their Clients.
We also encourage you to independently view the background of your IAR on the Investment Adviser Public
Disclosure website at www.adviserinfo.sec.gov by searching with his or her full name.
IAIM is not required to deliver a balance sheet along with this Disclosure Brochure as IAIM does not collect
fees of $1,200 or more for services to be performed six months or more in advance.
International Assets Investment Management, LLC
111 North Orange Ave., Suite 1000, Orlando, FL 32801
Phone: (407) 254-1500 * Fax: (407) 254-1505
www.iaac.com
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