View Document Text
JOHN A. WOLFE & ASSOCIATES, INC.
CLIENT BROCHURE
This Form ADV Part 2A Brochure provides information about the qualifications
and business practices of John A. Wolfe & Associates, Inc. If you have any
questions about the contents of this Brochure or our services, please
contact us at 269-324-1988 or 800-344-6341.
The information in this Brochure has not been approved or verified by
the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”).
Registration does not imply a certain level of skill or training.
Information about John A. Wolfe & Associates, Inc. is available
on the SEC’s website at www.adviserinfo.sec.gov.
JAWA, Inc.’s SEC number is: 801-36076
JAWA, Inc.’s CRD number is: 110799
440 West Centre Avenue, Suite 4
Portage, Michigan 49024
269-324-1988
800-344-6341
January 14, 2026
Item 1: Cover Page
ITEM 2: MATERIAL CHANGES
Registered Investment Advisers are required to amend their Form ADV 2 Brochures
promptly throughout the year with material changes and no less than once per year
within 90 days of the Adviser’s fiscal year end.
JAWA, Inc. amended this ADV 2A Brochure on January 14, 2026, to report its 2025
fiscal year end information. In addition, Beth Dickinson assumed the role of Chief
Compliance Officer in December 2025 and Item 8.A was updated to reflect additional
investment information. There are no material changes to report.
JAWA, Inc. previously amended this ADV 2A Brochure on February 14, 2025, to
report its 2024 fiscal year end information. There were no material changes to report.
We always look forward to hearing from our clients. If you should have any
questions, please contact our office.
Thank you!
John A. Wolfe, CFP®
President
John A. Wolfe & Associates, Inc.
269-324-1988
800-344-6341
2
ITEM 3: TABLE OF CONTENTS
Item 1: Cover Page
1
Item 2: Material Changes
2
Item 3: Table of Contents
3
Item 4: Advisory Business
A. Description of the Advisory Firm
B. Types of Advisory Services
1. Asset Management Services
2. Assets Under Advisement Services
C. Client Tailored Services and Client Imposed Restrictions
D. Wrap Fee Programs
E. Assets Under Management and Under Advisement
5
5
5
6
7
7
8
8
Item 5: Fees and Compensation
A. Fee Schedules
1. Asset Management Services
2. Assets Under Advisement Services
B. Payment of Advisory Fees
C. Fees Associated with Investing
D. Prepayment of Fees
E. Other Compensation for the Sale of Securities to Clients
8
8
8
8
9
10
10
10
Item 6: Performance-Based Fees & Side-By-Side Management
11
Item 7: Types of Clients and Minimum Account Size
11
Item 8: Methods of Analysis, Investment Strategies and Risk
11
of Loss
A. Methods of Analysis and Investment Strategies
1. Fundamental Analysis
2. Diversification
B. Risks
C. Risks of Specific Securities Utilized
11
13
13
14
16
Item 9: Disciplinary Information
16
Item 10: Other Financial Industry Activities and Affiliations
A. Registration as a Broker/Dealer (“BD”) or BD Representative
B. Registration as a Futures Commission Merchant, Commodity
17
17
17
Pool Operator, or a Commodity Trading Adviser
C. Relationships Material to this Advisory Business and Possible
17
Conflicts of Interests / Other Business Activities
D. Selection of Other Advisors and Compensation for Selections
17
Item 11: Code of Ethics, Participation or Interest in Client
18
Transactions and Personal Trading
A. Code of Ethics
B. Recommendations Involving Material Financial Interests
C. Investing Personal Money in the Same Securities as Clients
D. Trading Securities at/Around the Same Time as Clients
18
19
19
20
3
Item 12: Brokerage Practices
A. Factors Used to Select Custodians and/or Broker/Dealers
1. Research and Other Soft-Dollar Benefits
2. Brokerage for Client Referrals
3. Clients Directing Which Broker/Dealer/Custodian to Use
B. Aggregating (Block) Trading for Multiple Client Accounts
20
20
21
23
23
23
Item 13: Reviews of Accounts
A. Frequency and Nature of Periodic Reviews
B. Reviewers
C. Factors That May Trigger Non-Periodic Account Reviews
D. Content and Frequency of Regular Reports to Clients
24
24
25
25
25
Item 14: Client Referrals and Other Compensation
25
25
A. Economic Benefits Provided by Third Parties for Advice
Rendered to Clients (Sales Awards or Other Benefits)
B. Compensation to Non-Advisory Personnel for Referrals
26
Item 15: Custody
26
Item 16: Investment Discretion
26
Item 17: Proxy Voting
27
Item 18: Financial Information
A. Balance Sheet
B. Financial Conditions Reasonably Likely to Impair the
27
27
27
Adviser’s Ability to Meet Contractual Commitments to Clients
C. Bankruptcy Petitions in Previous Ten Years
27
Privacy Policy
28
Note: Clients and prospective clients: ADV 2B Brochure follows
4
ITEM 4: ADVISORY BUSINESS
A. DESCRIPTION OF THE ADVISORY FIRM
John A. Wolfe & Associates, Inc. (“JAWA, Inc.” or “Adviser”) is a Registered Investment
Adviser located in Portage, Michigan. JAWA, Inc. is registered with and regulated by
the United States Securities Exchange Commission (“SEC”). JAWA, Inc. was
established in February 2007 and succeeded The Miller Financial Group, Inc. (formed
February 1990) which succeeded Jake Miller Investment Advisors, Inc. (formed
December 1989). John A. Wolfe is the President and 100% owner of JAWA, Inc. Beth
Dickinson is Chief Compliance Officer
B. TYPES OF ADVISORY SERVICES
JAWA, Inc. offers professional fee-only Asset Management Services and assistance
with non-discretionary Assets under Advisement. The term “fee-only” means that
JAWA, Inc. is an independent Investment Adviser and is compensated only in the form
of advisory fees paid by investors. JAWA, Inc. is only compensated in the form of a
percentage of assets under management. JAWA Inc. is a fiduciary to each of its clients.
“Adviser Representatives” are those persons who are appropriately registered and
authorized by the Adviser to deliver advisory services. JAWA, Inc.’s Adviser
Representatives are not registered representatives of a broker/dealer nor are they
insurance agents. Therefore, JAWA, Inc.’s Adviser Representatives do not accept
commissions for securities or insurance recommendations.
JAWA, Inc. is not a broker/dealer or custodial firm. Any transactions in securities will be
executed by the client’s brokerage firm. Managed assets are held in the client’s name
at the client’s selected custodian. Normally, clients will utilize Charles Schwab & Co.
Services and investment recommendations in connection to assets invested in
corporate retirement plans are limited to those offered within the plan and via the plan’s
contracted service providers.
JAWA, Inc. can provide customized services to individuals, pension and profit sharing
plans, trusts, estates, endowments, charitable organizations, corporations and other
business entities. The Adviser may recommend the services of itself, its Adviser
Representatives in their individual capacities as investment managers, and the services
provided by unaffiliated entities to implement its recommendations (such as Charles
Schwab & Co., Inc.).
JAWA, Inc. may offer a complimentary general consultation to discuss services
available, to give a prospective client time to review services desired, and to determine
the possibility of a potential Client-Adviser relationship. Services begin only after the
Client and Adviser formalize the relationship with a properly executed Client Service
Agreement.
5
After the formal engagement and depending upon the scope of the services to be
provided, JAWA, Inc. and the client will share in a data gathering and discovery process
in an effort to determine the client’s stated needs, goals, intentions, time horizons, risk
tolerance and investment objectives. The client and JAWA, Inc. will normally complete
an Account Suitability Profile, depending upon the nature of services to be provided.
Clients engaging asset management services are expected to play an active role.
The Adviser requires the client to participate in the formation of the investment plan or
strategy as well as any changes thereto (such as may occur as the result of reported
changes or anticipated changes in the client’s financial situation).
JAWA, Inc.’s categories of services are as follows:
1. Asset Management Services. entail continuous monitoring of the managed
portfolio together with ongoing advice and recommendations. JAWA, Inc. remains
available to the client during the Adviser’s normal business hours.
JAWA, Inc.’s Asset Management Services can be comprehensive in nature or
focus on a portion of the client’s investment portfolio. JAWA, Inc. provides
individualized services that can be tailored to meet the client’s stated needs and
objectives. Depending upon the client’s level of participation, JAWA, Inc. will
normally conduct a comprehensive review of the overall aspects of a client’s
current financial situation, taking into consideration the long and short-term
objectives. In the alternative, the client may request management services that
only focus on a particular portion of their overall investment portfolio. After an
analysis and data-gathering process and depending upon the services requested,
JAWA, Inc. will normally perform the following steps:
❖ Existing portfolio review and analysis
❖ Assistance with the preparation of a customized Account Suitability Profile
❖ Asset allocation recommendations
❖ Recommendation of specific investments
❖ Implementation of the investment plan / strategy
❖ Ongoing management of the client’s investment portfolio and consultations.
The Adviser’s Asset Management Services are provided to clients invested in
stocks, mutual funds, exchange traded funds, bonds and other assets, as outlined
in the designed investment strategies. Services and investment recommendations
in connection to assets invested in retirement plans are limited to those offered
within the plan and via the plan’s contracted service providers.
Inc.’s discretionary asset management philosophy
Inc.’s
is primarily
JAWA,
conservative, and its investment strategies are based upon principles that have a
reasonable expectation for potential success in the long term. These principles are
well known, having research and historical data that support the Adviser’s
investment
disciplined methodology of asset management. JAWA,
philosophy, its strategies, and how they are structured for the client’s benefit are
discussed more fully in Item 8 of the Brochure.
Once portfolio recommendations have been implemented, JAWA, Inc. provides
ongoing reviews, advice and recommendations. The underlying portfolio assets
may be reviewed daily, and the managed portfolio will be reviewed at least
6
quarterly, depending upon the types of investments, market conditions, as the
result of significant deposits or withdrawals and at the discretion of the Adviser.
The ongoing Asset Management Services are individualized and based upon the
client’s unique stated needs. JAWA, Inc. will manage the client’s portfolio in
accordance with an investment plan selected by the client. Clients engaging Asset
Management Services should play an active role. During the course of the
engagement, clients may call JAWA, Inc.’s office at any time during business
hours to discuss their portfolio or to ask questions, but the Adviser recommends
that clients initiate a meeting no less than annually. However, clients are obligated
to immediately inform the Adviser of any material changes in their financial
situation to provide the Adviser with the opportunity to review the portfolio to
ensure it is still structured to help meet the client’s stated needs and objectives.
A client’s financial situation and stated goals often change over time. As a result,
the client’s Account Suitability Profile may change. It is important to work closely
with JAWA, Inc. so the Adviser’s portfolio management services can adapt to
address these changes.
Asset Management Services are continuous in nature and thus are ongoing until
terminated by either party with a 30-day notice.
2. Assets Under Advisement Services. JAWA, Inc. may agree to provide
administrative reporting services for non-managed investments and includes
these holdings in its trimester portfolio reports. The Adviser will not maintain limited
discretionary authority over these investments. The Adviser may agree to assist
with client-directed transactions as a value-added service but will not manage
these investments.
Clients requiring assistance on issues relating to matters outside of investment advisory
topics should consult their personal tax adviser, legal counsel, or other professionals for
expert opinions.
C. CLIENT TAILORED SERVICES AND CLIENT IMPOSED RESTRICTIONS
JAWA, Inc. focuses on providing individualized services. The Adviser and client will
share in a data gathering and discovery process in an effort to determine the client’s
stated needs, goals, intentions, time horizons, risk tolerance and investment objectives,
based upon information provided by the client and the nature of services requested.
The client and Adviser will normally complete an Account Suitability Profile, depending
upon the nature of services to be provided. Clients may impose reasonable restrictions
in investing in certain securities or types of securities. Clients are also welcome to set
parameters (in writing) on the Adviser’s limited discretionary authority as to types of
investments and amounts purchased or sold.
JAWA, Inc. can tailor services to focus only on certain portfolio components, depending
upon the client’s wishes and/or the nature of the engagement. However, where client
services or information are limited, clients must understand that comprehensive
financial and/or investment needs and objectives may not be fully considered due to the
client’s option to receive limited services, the lack of information received, and/or client
disclosure.
7
Where clients retain authority to implement recommendations, they are welcome to do
so, in whole or in part, via the financial services provider(s) of their choice.
Retirement Plan Rollovers: JAWA Inc. is a fiduciary to each of its clients. JAWA Inc.'s
fiduciary duties and responsibilities also apply to advice and/or recommendations
prepared in connection with your retirement plan account or individual retirement
account within the meaning of Title I of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act
and/or the Internal Revenue Code, as applicable, which are laws governing retirement
accounts.
The way JAWA, Inc. earns compensation (a percentage of assets under its
management or advisement)) creates some conflicts with your interests, Therefore, we
must operate under a special rule that requires us to act in your best interest and not
put our interests ahead of yours. At the time of a rollover recommendation, we will
provide you with a written disclosure discussing the reasons the rollover is in your best
interests. Also, under this special rule’s provisions, we must:
* Meet a professional standard of care when making investment recommendations
(give prudent advice).
* Never put our financial interests ahead of yours when making recommendations (give
loyal advice).
* Provide basic information about conflicts of interests and fees while avoiding
misleading statements about these topics and investments
* Follow policies and procedures designed to ensure that we give advice that is in your
best interest.
* Charge no more than is reasonable for our services
D. WRAP FEE PROGRAMS
JAWA, Inc. does not recommend wrap fee programs nor is the Adviser engaged as a
wrap fee program manager or sponsor.
E. ASSETS UNDER MANAGEMENT AND UNDER ADVISEMENT
JAWA, Inc. filed its fiscal year end annual amendment on January 14, 2026, to report
its 2025 fiscal year end assets under management. As of the close of business on
December 31st, JAWA, Inc. managed $560,663,000 in 1171 limited discretionary
accounts. In addition, JAWA, Inc. provided services to approximately $26 million in
assets under advisement.
ITEM 5: FEES AND COMPENSATION
A. FEE SCHEDULES
JAWA, Inc. is a fee-only investment advisory; its only revenues are the fees paid by
clients.
8
1. Asset Management Services. JAWA, Inc.’s annual fee rates range from a
maximum of .75% to .15% of the value of the assets under management. The
Adviser reserves the right to negotiate its management fee rate with each client.
Fees are determined at the time of engagement and set forth in the Client Service
Agreement.
2. Assets Under Advisement Services. JAWA, Inc. may agree to provide back-
office administrative reporting services for non-managed investments (“Assets
under Advisement”) and include these holdings in its portfolio reports. If agreed,
an account administrative charge may apply, ranging from .12% to .60% annually,
depending on whether additional services (such as reviews or general
consultations) apply. The lower end of the fee range is typically applied to assets
held by nonprofit organizations. The fee is determined at the time of engagement.
Fees are billed in arrears in May, September and January for the four prior months. For
partial months, a daily fee is calculated by multiplying the daily valuation of billable
assets by 1/365th of the annual fee rate. The market value of the account is set by the
client’s custodian. Each partial month’s fee is the sum of that month’s daily fee
calculations. A full monthly fee is calculated by multiplying the month end billable asset
valuation by the month’s fee factor, which is 1/365th of the annual fee rate times the
month’s number of days. Clients receive statements showing their monthly fees, their
fee rates and their account monthly ending values and average monthly values. A report
showing every detail of the fee calculation can be provided upon request.
If during the engagement the scope of the requested services should change or the
client’s circumstances or requested services should alter dramatically, the Adviser may
adjust its fee with a 30-day written notice. During this prenotification period, clients are
welcome to terminate services with a 30-day notice. In such cases, the client’s fee will
remain unchanged and charged only until the effective date of termination.
B. PAYMENT OF ADVISORY FEES
Payment of JAWA, Inc.’s fees may be made directly to the Adviser or through a debit
directly to the client’s account by the qualified custodian holding the client’s funds and
securities. The Adviser follows the following criteria when payment is made via a
qualified custodian as required by the SEC’s Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as
amended:
1) The client provides written authorization permitting the fees to be paid directly from
the client’s account held by the independent qualified custodian and the authorization
is limited to withdrawing contractually agreed upon Investment Adviser fees; (2) The
client will directly receive regular (monthly or quarterly) reports directly from the qualified
custodian which reflect the Adviser’s fee deduction; (3) The frequency of fee withdrawal
shall be specified in the written authorization/agreement; (4) The custodian of the
account shall be advised in writing of the limitation on the Adviser’s access to the
account and; (5) The client shall be able to terminate the written billing authorization or
agreement at any time.
If the designated account(s) do not contain sufficient funds to pay advisory fees, the
client can leave standing orders to deduct fees via other accounts. In the absence of
9
alternate instructions, the Adviser will issue an invoice for advisory fees to the client and
payment is expected with 10 days of the invoice date.
It is important to note that custodial firms do not verify advisory fees. Therefore, clients
should review their custodial statements carefully. If a client should have any questions
or concerns in connection with an advisory fee deduction, they should promptly contact
JAWA, Inc.
If at any time during the engagement the client fails to directly receive the regular
statements produced by the custodian, it is important for the client to promptly notify
JAWA, Inc. and the custodial firm. If client(s) should move, it is vitally important to
provide the Adviser and the custodial firm with the new contact information.
C. FEES ASSOCIATED WITH INVESTING
Clients are responsible for the payment of all third-party fees associated with investing.
Clients may pay transaction and brokerage commission to their broker/dealer or other
service providers (Financial Institution[s]) as well as any fees associated with their
particular accounts (e.g., account opening, maintenance, transfer, termination, wire
transfer, retirement plan, trust fees, and all such applicable third party fees, deferred
sales charges, oddlot differentials, transfer taxes, wire transfer and electronic fund fees,
and other fees and taxes on brokerage accounts and securities transactions. All fees
paid to the Adviser for advisory services are separate from the fees and expenses
charged to shareholders of ETF’s or mutual fund shares offered by mutual fund
companies. If a mutual fund previously purchased by or selected by a client should
impose a sales charge, a client may pay an initial or deferred sales charge. JAWA, Inc.
does not receive any portion of these investment-related fees. Such charges, fees and
commissions are exclusive of and in addition to the Adviser’s fees. A complete
explanation of the expenses charged by a mutual fund or ETF is contained in the
respective mutual fund prospectus. Clients are encouraged to read each prospectus
and securities offering document.
D. PREPAYMENT OF FEES
JAWA, Inc.’s fees are invoiced in arrears.
JAWA, Inc.’s services will continue until either party receives a written notice of
termination. Where services are terminated prior to the end of a billing period, the
Adviser will only invoice the client for services provided up until the effective date of
termination.
E. OTHER COMPENSATION FOR THE SALE OF SECURITIES TO CLIENTS
JAWA, Inc. is a fee-only Registered Investment Adviser. Neither the Adviser nor its
Adviser Representatives accept compensation or commission for the recommendation
of securities products.
10
ITEM 6: PERFORMANCE-BASED FEES
& SIDE-BY-SIDE MANAGEMENT
JAWA, Inc.’s fees are not “performance based” (based upon a share of capital gains or
capital appreciation, or performance, for any portion of funds under an advisory
contract). Performance-based compensation relationships can create a conflict of
interest between a firm’s performance-based clients and those clients who pay a fixed
fee rate. Since JAWA, Inc. does not participate in performance-based fees, it does not
engage in side-by-side management arrangements.
ITEM 7: TYPES OF CLIENTS
AND MINIMUM ACCOUNT SIZE
JAWA, Inc. provides services to individuals, pension and profit sharing plans, trusts,
estates, endowments, charitable organizations, and corporations or other business
entities.
If an account is subject to the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as
amended, (“ERISA”), JAWA, Inc. acknowledges that it is a fiduciary within the meaning
of the Act and the ERISA client is a named fiduciary with respect to the control or
management of the assets in the Account. In each instance, the client will agree to
obtain and maintain a bond satisfying the requirements of Section 412 of ERISA and to
include the Adviser and the Adviser’s principals, agents, and employees under those
insured under that bond and will deliver to the Adviser a copy of the governing plan
documents. If the Account assets for which the Adviser provides services represent only
a portion of the assets of an employee benefit plan, the client will remain responsible
for determining an appropriate overall diversification policy for the assets of such plan.
JAWA, Inc. suggests an opening portfolio balance of $500,000. The Adviser, at its sole
discretion, reserves the right to accept portfolios that do not meet the minimum where
special circumstances exist, for family members of clients or the Adviser’s personnel,
charitable organizations, pre-existing relationships, or where the client has the ability to
meet the minimum portfolio amount within a reasonable time period.
JAWA, Inc. reserves the right to decline to offer services to any person or firm at its sole
discretion.
ITEM 8: METHODS OF ANALYSIS, INVESTMENT
STRATEGIES AND RISK OF LOSS
A. METHODS OF ANALYSIS AND INVESTMENT STRATEGIES
The goal of an Investment Adviser is to earn a return for the investor; however, returns
are earned through the investor’s assumption of risk. All investors should be prepared
to bear the risk that an investment could result in a negative outcome, including loss.
While the Adviser cannot guarantee that investment goals will be met, the probability
11
that an investment earns a positive return is generally greater when the investment
horizon is long term, the strategies are supported by years of thoughtful investing
experience and research, and the investment expenses are low.
JAWA, Inc.’s criteria for making investment decisions begins with the evaluation of
securities. The Adviser strives to provide individualized asset management services and
selects a portfolio best suited to the client after the client has defined their objectives,
risk tolerance and time horizons and has approved the investment strategy. JAWA, Inc.
does not rely on artificial intelligence (AI) for investment analysis or to design investment
strategies.
Client participation and the client’s delivery of accurate and complete information are
critical to the Adviser’s process. In performing its services, the Adviser shall not be
required to verify information received from the client or from the client’s other advisers
(e.g., attorney, accountant, etc.) and is expressly authorized to rely on such information.
The Adviser seeks to take an independent, balanced approach to the management of
client investment portfolios. The Adviser considers a number of factors including the
Adviser’s analysis of potential asset class returns, a client’s investing history, the
tolerance for portfolio volatility, threshold for permanent losses, and short-term portfolio
liquidity needs. JAWA, Inc. thereafter seeks to build and actively manage a customized
investment portfolio, combining internally researched securities with externally
managed funds (open-end mutual funds and exchange-traded funds).
the Adviser. The Adviser’s process emphasizes
Investment concepts are based upon a variety of sources including internal research,
screening software, and publicly available materials. Third-party research is also utilized
by
investment philosophy,
management quality, and overall expense ratios. Prospective investments are
considered in relation to the structure of the overall portfolio and purchased only when
the Adviser feels such purchase improves the portfolio’s overall risk-adjusted expected
return potential.
JAWA, Inc. normally sells an investment when conditions warrant based on the
Adviser’s analysis rather than in accordance with a preset timetable.
Changing conditions in the client’s financial life or significant changes in market
conditions may warrant a collaborative effort with the client to modify their strategic
investment framework, which consequently may also trigger changes to investment
holdings within the portfolio.
While the Adviser makes every effort to consider tax consequences, the sale of
investments may cause taxable gain(s) or loss(es) to the client. Clients are welcome to
consult their independent personal tax adviser about tax consequences resulting from
transactions or any particular investment held in their account.
DFA Funds: JAWA, Inc. may recommend exchange traded funds (ETFs) and open-end
mutual funds offered by Dimensional Fund Advisors, LP ("DFA"), an unaffiliated
investment firm. It is important to understand that while DFA’s ETFs are publicly
available, DFA mutual funds generally are not; instead, they are accessible through a
select group of approved independent fee-only financial advisors who have established
a service relationship with DFA. This means that if you terminate your advisory
relationship with JAWA, Inc., you may not be able to make additional investments in
12
DFA funds or invest in new DFA mutual funds unless you work with another authorized
DFA advisor.
Clients may choose to make self-directed securities transactions, which are investments
that are not reviewed and/or not recommended by the Adviser. In such cases, the
Adviser has not passed on the suitability of said investments and while the Adviser may
assist with client-directed implementation as a value-added service at the client’s
request, the Adviser will not generally manage these types of investments unless
agreed in writing.
1. Fundamental Analysis.
Fundamental analysis is a method used to attempt to measure a security’s intrinsic
value by examining real data concerning financial strength, financial performance,
market/brand dominance, stability, management and other qualitative and
quantitative factors relative to their history and industry class. Fundamental analysis
is performed on historical and present data, but with the goal of making financial
forecasts.
Fundamental analysis is not without its drawbacks and problems. For one, this
method can be tedious and time consuming. There is a time delay when doing
fundamental analysis as the financial data that the analyst is reviewing is always from
the previous year or previous quarter. In addition, even if a fundamentally strong
company at the right price is identified, it does not mean that the company shares are
going to move anytime soon. Therefore, some holdings may need to be held for quite
some time.
Once a trend in the fundamentals of a company is established, normally, the future
growth will be extrapolated using that trend. The extrapolation is a subjective exercise
and should be cautiously assessed. Extrapolation may not always work and may
result in a wrong call.
As with any data produced by a third party, there is always the possibility that the
company’s data has been manipulated. It does happen, and it can be very difficult to
detect. Thus, an analyst is limited by the information that is published.
2. Diversification.
The concept of asset allocation or spreading investments among a number of asset
classes, different industries and often geographical regions worldwide is JAWA, Inc.’s
guiding strategy. JAWA, Inc. takes the position that risk reduction is a key element to
long-term investment success (depending upon the client’s stated objectives). Under
this strategy, securities are selected in view of their correlation with other securities
in the portfolio. By decreasing correlation among the securities, it is generally
believed that a portfolio will have a higher probability of earning a return in varying
economic circumstances. JAWA, Inc. may also consider a strategic diversified asset
allocation which is a lifetime approach, wherein selected asset classes and their
weightings focus on the overall investment objective and risk tolerance of the client.
This strategy is a relatively passive investment style, wherein the assets and
weightings are set and remain relatively unchanged. The strategy places a great
emphasis on minimizing portfolio turnover and trading/transaction costs.
Diversification and strategic asset allocation is not without their challenges, of course.
The strategies assume that investors are always rational and risk-averse, which may
13
not always be the case. In addition, many critics believe risk cannot be reduced to a
charted or mathematical model or relied upon as a sole basis for investment
decisions. However, diversification can serve as a reference point for modeling the
potential of an investment portfolio. Thus, this strategy adds a singular dimension
within a more comprehensive asset management process.
It is important that investors and their Advisors match their portfolio design with the
client’s stated appropriate risk profile. Beyond that, risk and one’s willingness to
assume more or less risk, should be modified as the client grows older and/or client
circumstances change.
Recommendations for or purchases of investments will be based on publicly available
reports and analysis. In the case of mutual funds, recommendations will be based on
reports and analysis of performance and managers, and certain computerized
models for asset allocation and investment timing. Market timing, stock selection and
track record investing are generally discouraged.
Portfolio holdings or recommendations are generally judged by (managers’ or
investments’) experience, track record and performance of like-kind investments. The
Adviser will actively monitor and review each portfolio. Investors should expect to
remain fully invested within the ranges of their selected asset allocation plan at all times
unless restated by the client. Unless otherwise directed by the client, the Adviser
generally looks to the long-term when developing advice and recommendations based
upon information provided by the client.
Portfolio additions may be in cash or securities provided that the Adviser reserves
the right to liquidate any transferred securities or decline to accept securities into the
client’s account.
JAWA, Inc. may consult with its clients about the options and ramifications of
transferring securities when provided pre-notification of the client’s intentions. In such
cases, clients are advised that when transferred securities are liquidated, they are
subject to transaction fees, fees assessed at the mutual fund level (i.e. contingent
deferred sales charge) and/or tax ramifications. JAWA does not receive any portion
of such fees.
Clients may withdraw account assets on notice to the Adviser, subject to the usual
and customary securities settlement procedures. Unless otherwise guided by the
client, JAWA generally designs its client portfolios as long-term investments and
asset withdrawals may impair the achievement of a client’s investment objectives.
B. RISKS
JAWA, Inc. seeks to utilize investment strategies that are designed to capture market
rates of both return and risk. It is the Adviser’s position that thoughtful investment
selections that meet a client’s stated goals and risk profile may help keep individual
risks at an acceptable level. JAWA, Inc. takes the general position that investors with
diverse portfolios have a better chance of making a profit because it is difficult to
accurately predict the movement of the economy. However, no single strategy can be
relied upon to outperform the market.
14
JAWA, Inc.’s goal in its analysis is not to time the market as the Adviser generally utilizes
long-term trading and short-term trading. An investor should be mindful that frequent
trading, when done, can affect investment performance, particularly through increased
brokerage and other transaction costs and taxes.
All investing strategies offered by the Adviser involve risk and may result in a loss of an
investor’s original investment. Many of these risks apply equally to stocks, bonds and
any other investment or security. Identified material risks associated with the Adviser’s
investment strategies include:
Market Risk: Market risk involves the possibility that an investment’s current market
value will decline due to general market decline, thus reducing the value of the
investment regardless of the operational success of the issuer’s operations or its
condition.
financial
Investment Strategy Risk: This risk exists when an Adviser’s strategy may fail to
produce the intended results.
Style Risk: The Adviser’s strategy may consist of “value” and or “growth” investments.
With respect to securities and investments considered undervalued by the Adviser,
market prices may not reflect our determination that the security is undervalued, and its
price may not increase to what we believe to be its full value and may even decrease in
value. With respect to “growth” investments, the underlying earnings or operational
growth anticipated may not occur, or the market price of the security may not increase
as anticipated.
Defensive Risk: To the extent that the strategy attempts to hedge or take defensive
measures such as holding a significant portion of its assets in cash or cash equivalents,
the objective may not be achieved.
Interest Rate Risk: Bond (fixed income) prices generally fall when interest rates rise and
the value may fall below par value or the principal investment. The opposite is also
generally true: Bond prices generally rise when interest rates fall. In general, fixed
income securities with longer maturities are more sensitive to these price changes.
Most other investments are also sensitive to the level and direction of interest rates.
Legal or Legislative Risk: Legislative changes, court rulings and regulatory actions may
impact the value of Investments.
Inflation: Inflation may erode the buying-power of your investment portfolio, even if the
dollar value of your investments remains the same.
Margin Transactions: JAWA, Inc. does not recommend margin transactions. As
previously noted, clients may choose to make self-directed securities transactions,
which are investments that are not reviewed and/or not recommended by the Adviser.
In such cases, the Adviser has not passed on the suitability of said investments and
while the Adviser may assist with client-directed implementation as a value-added
service at the client’s request, the Adviser will not manage these types of investments
unless agreed in writing. It is important to understand that investing in securities involves
a risk of loss that a client should be prepared to bear.
15
C. RISKS OF SPECIFIC SECURITIES UTILIZED
JAWA, Inc. generally seeks investment strategies that do not involve significant risk or
unusual risk beyond that of the general domestic and / or international equity markets.
Investments in individual stocks can be risky. Some risks can be controlled, some risks
can be guarded against, but no investment strategy can carry guarantees from loss.
Certain market risks cannot be controlled, such as market or economic conditions.
Certain strategies may be employed to adjust portfolios, or the Adviser and client may
agree to hold the portfolio’s course. JAWA, Inc. generally designs portfolio strategies
for the long-term, unless a client directs otherwise. JAWA, Inc. does not attempt to time
the market.
Investments in mutual funds may bear a risk of investment loss. The level of risk in a
mutual fund depends on what it invests in. Stocks are generally riskier than bonds, so
an equity fund tends to be riskier than a fixed income fund. Plus, some specialty mutual
funds focus on certain kinds of investments, such as emerging markets, to try to earn a
higher return. These kinds of funds also tend to have a greater risk of a larger drop in
value—yet the greater the risk, the greater the reward (or potential for higher returns).
Exchange traded funds (ETFs) can vary significantly from the net asset value due to
market conditions. Certain funds may not track underlying benchmarks as expected.
Fixed income investments generally are utilized as a portfolio diversification element as
well as for income deriving investments outside of equity exposure.
There are certain risks involved in investing in government, municipal, and corporate
bonds such as: interest rate risk, reinvestment risk, inflation risk, market risk, selection
risk, timing risk, and price risk. In addition, legislation could change the tax code which
could affect the value of taxable / tax-exempt interest income. Some bonds have a “call
provision” entitling their issuers to redeem them at a specified price on a date prior to
maturity. Declining interest rates may accelerate the redemption of a callable bond,
causing an investor’s principal to be returned sooner than expected. If a bond is called
at or close to par value, as is usually the case, investors who paid a premium also risk
a loss of principal. There exists a liquidity risk if investors have difficulty finding a buyer
when they want to sell and may be forced to sell at a significant discount to market
value. Additional risks may include: credit risk, default risk, event risk and duration risk.
Bank obligations, including bonds and certificates of deposit, may be vulnerable to
setbacks or panics in the banking industry. Banks and other financial institutions are
highly dependent upon short-term interest rates and may be adversely affected by
downturns in the U.S. and foreign economies and/or changes in regulations.
Clients are hereby advised to read each offering document carefully before investing.
Past performance is not a guarantee of future returns. Investing in securities involves
a risk of loss that all clients should be prepared to bear.
ITEM 9: DISCIPLINARY INFORMATION
JAWA, Inc.’s record does not reflect the existence of any data that would be material to
a client’s or prospective client’s evaluation of JAWA or the integrity of its management.
16
JAWA, Inc. has not been involved in any disciplinary or investment-related legal events.
The Adviser has not been involved in any criminal or civil actions, administrative
proceedings before the SEC or any other federal, state or foreign regulatory or self-
regulatory authorities. Officer and Adviser Representative data is contained in the
attached Form ADV Part 2B Brochure.
ITEM 10: OTHER FINANCIAL INDUSTRY
ACTIVITIES AND AFFILIATIONS
A. REGISTRATION AS A BROKER/DEALER (“BD”) or BD REPRESENTATIVE
Neither JAWA, Inc. nor its representatives are registered as a broker/dealer or as
Representatives of a broker/dealer.
B. REGISTRATION AS A FUTURES COMMISSION MERCHANT, COMMODITY
POOL OPERATOR, OR A COMMODITY TRADING ADVISER
Neither the Adviser nor its representatives are registered as a FCM, CPO or a CTA.
C. RELATIONSHIPS MATERIAL TO THIS ADVISORY BUSINESS AND POSSIBLE
CONFLICTS OF INTERESTS / OTHER BUSINESS ACTIVITIES
JAWA, Inc. does not have affiliated businesses. JAWA does not operate as nor is it
related to a hedge fund or other type of private or registered pooled investment vehicle.
JAWA, Inc. does not maintain registration relationships with any of the following:
➢ broker-dealer, municipal securities dealer, or government securities dealer or
broker;
➢ investment company or other pooled investment vehicle (including a mutual fund,
closed-end investment company, unit investment trust, private investment
company or “hedge fund,” and offshore fund);
➢ other investment Adviser or financial planner;
➢ futures commission merchant, commodity pool operator, or commodity trading
adviser;
➢ banking or thrift institution;
➢ accountant or accounting firm;
➢ lawyer or law firm;
➢ insurance company or agency;
➢ pension consultant;
➢ real estate broker or dealer;
➢ sponsor or syndicator of limited partnerships.
D. SELECTION OF OTHER ADVISORS AND COMPENSATION FOR SELECTIONS
JAWA, Inc. does not recommend other asset management firms.
As a fee-only investment adviser, JAWA, Inc. is only compensated in the form of
investment advisory fees paid by its clients.
17
ITEM 11: CODE OF ETHICS, PARTICIPATION, OR INTEREST
IN CLIENT TRANSACTIONS AND PERSONAL TRADING
A. CODE OF ETHICS
JAWA, Inc. takes the issue of regulatory compliance seriously and is committed to
maintain compliance with federal and applicable state securities laws. JAWA has a
position of public trust and it is our goal to maintain that trust; provide excellent service,
good investment performance and advice that is suitable.
JAWA, Inc. places great value on ethical conduct. Therefore, the ultimate goal of our
internal policies is to challenge our staff to live up not only to the letter of the law, but
also to the ideals set forth by the Adviser.
Clients may be familiar with the roles fiduciaries play in various legal situations and in
certain industries. As a Registered Investment Adviser, JAWA, Inc. is a fiduciary to each
and every client.
As fiduciaries, Investment Advisors owe their clients several specific duties. According
to the SEC, an Investment Adviser’s fiduciary duties include:
❖ Providing advice that is suitable
❖ Providing full disclosure of material facts and potential conflicts of
interest (such that the client has complete and honest disclosure in order
to make an informed decision about services of the Adviser and about
investment recommendations)
❖ The utmost and exclusive loyalty and good faith
❖ Best execution of transactions under the available circumstances
❖ The Adviser’s reasonable care to avoid ever misleading clients
❖ Only acting in the best interests of clients.
It is JAWA, Inc.’s policy to protect the interests of each of the Adviser’s clients and to
place the clients’ interests first and foremost in each and every situation. JAWA will
abide by honest and ethical business practices to include, but is not limited to:
❖ The Adviser will not induce trading in a client’s account that is excessive
in size or frequency in view of the financial resources and character of
the account.
❖ The Adviser will make investment decisions with reasonable grounds to
believe they are suitable for the client on the basis of information
furnished by the client and will document suitability.
❖ The Adviser and Adviser Representatives will not borrow money from
clients.
18
❖ JAWA, Inc. will not recommend the purchase of a security without the
reasonable belief that the security is registered or is exempt from
registration in states where JAWA provides investment advice, based
upon information the Adviser receives.
❖ The Adviser will not recommend that clients place orders to purchase or
sell a security or engage in services through a broker/dealer or agent
that is not licensed, based upon information available to the Adviser.
❖ The Adviser’s staff shall report all required personal securities
transactions to JAWA Inc.’s Chief Compliance Officer, as required by
the SEC. Reportable trades for this Adviser include all but the
following exceptions:
• Transactions effected pursuant to an automatic investment plan
• Securities held in accounts over which the access person has no
direct or indirect influence or control
• Transactions and holdings in direct obligations of the Government
of the United States
• Money market
instruments, bankers' acceptances, bank
certificates of deposit, commercial paper, repurchase agreements
and other high quality short-term debt instruments
• Shares of money market funds
• Transactions and holdings in shares of mutual funds are not
reportable, since the Adviser does not have a material relationship
with an investment company which would otherwise require
reporting
• Transactions in units of a unit investment trust are not reportable
if the unit investment trust is invested exclusively in unaffiliated
mutual funds.
JAWA, Inc. will not permit and has instituted controls against insider trading. All
applicable securities rules and regulations will be strictly enforced.
Adviser Representatives and administrative personnel who do not follow the Adviser’s
Code of Ethics or who in any way violate securities rules and regulations, or who fail to
report known or suspected violations will be disciplined or terminated, depending upon
severity. Such persons could also face action by the SEC and/or state securities
regulators.
Clients are welcome to request a copy of the Adviser’s Code of Ethics by contacting the
Adviser’s office.
B. RECOMMENDATIONS INVOLVING MATERIAL FINANCIAL INTERESTS
JAWA, Inc. does not recommend that clients buy or sell any security in which any of
JAWA, Inc.’s related persons have a material financial interest.
C. INVESTING PERSONAL MONEY IN THE SAME SECURITIES AS CLIENTS
JAWA, Inc. and/or individuals associated with JAWA, Inc. may have similar investment
goals and objectives and as a result may buy or sell securities for their personal
19
accounts that may be identical to or different from those recommended to clients. Thus,
at times the interests of the Adviser’s or staff members’ accounts may coincide with the
interests of clients’ accounts. However, at no time will the Adviser or any related person
receive an added benefit or advantage over clients with respect to these transactions
nor will the Adviser or its associated persons place itself in a position to have added
benefit as a result of advice given to clients.
D. TRADING SECURITIES AT / AROUND THE SAME TIME AS CLIENTS
JAWA, Inc. and its Adviser Representatives acknowledge the Adviser’s fiduciary
responsibility to place the investment needs of clients ahead of the Adviser and its staff.
The interests of clients are held in the highest regard. At no time will the Adviser or any
related person receive an added benefit or advantage over clients with respect to these
transactions. The Adviser and its staff will not place itself in a position to have added
benefit as a result of advice given to clients.
JAWA, Inc.’s staff shall not buy or sell securities for their personal portfolio(s) where
their decision is substantially derived, in whole or in part, by reason of his or her
employment unless the information is also available to the investing public on
reasonable inquiry.
The Adviser has established trading policies for its access persons. JAWA, Inc.’s Chief
Compliance Officer is responsible for the monitoring of personal trading conducted by
staff.
ITEM 12: BROKERAGE PRACTICES
A. FACTORS USED TO SELECT CUSTODIANS AND/OR BROKER/DEALERS
JAWA, Inc. is independently owned and operated and has no legal affiliation with any
brokerage or custodial firms.
JAWA, Inc. recommends the services of Charles Schwab & Co., Inc., (“Charles Schwab
& Co.”). JAWA, Inc. participates in the Schwab Institutional Service Group program
which provides services to independent investment advisers. JAWA, Inc. does not
receive monetary compensation from Charles Schwab & Co. or Schwab Institutional.
However, clients benefit from Charles Schwab & Co.’s competitive institutional rates for
brokerage and custodial fees. In addition, the Adviser receives access to institutional
funds that are not available to retail clients and many offer lower initial investment
minimum requirements.
Factors which the Adviser considers in recommending Charles Schwab & Co. include
their respective financial strength, reputation, execution, pricing, research, and service.
Charles Schwab & Co. generally charges reasonable transaction fees. However, it is
possible the commissions and/or transaction fees charged may be higher or lower than
those charged by other broker-dealers. Clients should also evaluate the recommended
service provider before opening an account.
Charles Schwab & Co. serves the needs of a vast number of independent advisors and
their clients nationwide. JAWA, Inc. believes the excellent customer service and trade
20
execution available through Charles Schwab & Co. is superior to most non-service
oriented and internet-based brokers that may otherwise be available to the general
public. Charles Schwab & Co. features broad lines of products and services that may
be suitable to many types of investors with varying investable assets.
JAWA, Inc. recognizes its duty to obtain the best price and execution for its clients under
the circumstances available. The decision to recommend Charles Schwab & Co. is also
based upon the overall service provided to investors and the services available to the
Adviser (providing such recommendation is consistent with the Adviser’s fiduciary duty
to its clients). JAWA, Inc. also considers its experience with the service provider, the
provider’s reputation, and the quality of execution services and costs. Charles Schwab
& Co. is a large and sophisticated order sender.
1. Research and other Benefits.
As fiduciaries, Investment advisers are obligated to act in the best interest of their
clients and cannot use client assets (including client commissions) to benefit
themselves, absent client consent. Advisers who obtain brokerage and research
services with client commissions do not have to purchase those services with their
own funds, which creates a conflict of interest. However, Section 28(e) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934 provides a safe harbor for firms that exercise
investment discretion over accounts to pay for research commission dollars
generated by account transactions (“soft dollars”).
JAWA, Inc. has not engaged in any written agreements to receive soft or hard dollars
from Charles Schwab & Co. or any other brokerage/custodial firm.
Generally speaking, soft dollars are benefits (primarily investment research and
brokerage services) that investment advisers may receive in exchange for directing
trade activity to a particular brokerage firm. JAWA, Inc. receives general research,
business-related products and back-office administrative support services in addition
to execution from its recommended service provider in connection with client
securities transactions as part of the Schwab Institutional Service Group program
benefits.
While there is no direct link between the investment advice given and the participation
in a custodial firm’s institutional program, economic benefits are received which would
not otherwise be provided if the Adviser did not give advice to clients. JAWA, Inc. and
its clients may pay slightly more than the lowest rate of commissions available in order
to obtain various administrative and research services. However, JAWA, Inc. has
determined in good faith that fees are reasonable in relation to the full range and
quality of the brokerage, administrative and research services provided. This analysis
is viewed in terms of either particular transactions or the Adviser’s overall
responsibilities with respect to the accounts over which it exercises discretion. The
determinative factor is whether transaction fees represent the best qualitative
execution services for JAWA, Inc.’s managed accounts.
The needs of our clients, the quality of services provided to our clients, and the overall
benefit of placing trades with particular brokers are weighed carefully in each situation.
In addition, in the course of determining fair and reasonable services, the Adviser
works to negotiate the most reasonable costs available in light of the services
provided.
21
Services received that benefit JAWA, Inc., and to a degree, benefit clients
JAWA, Inc. may receive certain added benefits for utilizing the recommended
custodian such as research, the ability to deduct advisory fees from clients’ custodial
accounts, discounts on periodicals or materials, complimentary business and
compliance newsletters, and various other non-cash services. Any general research
received is used for the benefit of all clients. Any benefits received from the custodian
represents a conflict of interest because the Adviser does recommend this service
provider to its clients. However, the value of products, research and services given if
any, is negligible and not considered by JAWA to be a material factor.
Services received that benefit clients
These services include access to a broad range of investment products, execution of
securities transactions and custody of client assets. The investment products available
through Charles Schwab & Co. include some which we might not otherwise have
access to or that would require a significantly higher minimum investment by our
clients. Charles Schwab & Co. provides access to many no-load mutual funds without
transaction charges and other no-load funds at nominal transaction charges. In
addition, Charles Schwab & Co. generally does not charge its Adviser clients
separately for custody services but is compensated by account holders through
commissions and other transaction-related or asset-based fees for securities trades
that are executed through the service provider or that settle into the service provider’s
accounts (i.e., transactions fees are charged for certain no-load mutual funds,
commissions are charged for individual equity and debt securities transactions). The
services described in this paragraph generally benefit JAWA, Inc.’s clients and their
accounts.
Considerations and services that benefit the Adviser and indirectly benefits clients
JAWA, Inc. may receive from Charles Schwab & Co., without cost to the Adviser,
computer software and related systems support, which allow the Adviser to better
monitor client accounts maintained at Charles Schwab & Co. The Adviser may receive
business software and related support at a discount or without cost because JAWA
provides Asset Management Services to clients that maintain assets at Charles
Schwab & Co. The software and related systems support may benefit the Adviser, but
not its clients directly. Additionally, JAWA may receive the following benefits: receipt
of duplicate client confirmations and bundled duplicate statements; access to a trading
desk that exclusively services its institutional adviser program participants; access to
block trading which provides the ability to aggregate securities transactions and then
allocate the appropriate shares to client accounts; and access to an electronic
communication network for client order entry and account information. These services
assist the Adviser in coordinating its services with the custodial firms in a more efficient
manner.
Services that generally benefit only the Adviser
These services are intended to help JAWA manage and further develop its business
enterprise. These services include educational conferences and events as well as
technology. Services include consultations pertaining to general compliance, legal
and business topics and access to publications and conferences pertaining to practice
management and business succession. The service providers may also offer access
to employee benefits providers, human capital consultants and insurance providers.
Charles Schwab & Co. may provide these services directly and in other cases, the
firm will arrange for third-party vendors to provide services to Advisers in the
22
institutional program. The service providers may also discount or waive fees for some
services or pay all or a portion of a third-party’s fees.
Rarely, the Adviser and its Advisory Representative may receive travel, meals and
lodging when evaluating and performing due diligence on investment and fund
managers. The Chief Compliance Officer monitors all gifts and other considerations.
JAWA will generally not permit the acceptance of any entertainment-related events
including, but not limited to, sporting events, concerts, or shows but these are
reviewed on a case-by-case basis.
In fulfilling its duties to its clients, JAWA, Inc. endeavors at all times to put the interests
of its clients first. Clients should be aware however, that the Adviser’s receipt of
economic benefits from a broker-dealer or other service provider(s) creates a conflict
of interest since these benefits may influence the Adviser’s choice of broker-dealer
over another broker-dealer that does not furnish similar software, systems support, or
services.
2. Brokerage for client referrals.
JAWA, Inc. does not accept referrals from a broker/dealer or third party in exchange
for using that broker/dealer or third party.
3. Clients directing which brokerage/dealer/custodian to use.
JAWA, Inc. does not accept client-directed brokerage in conjunction with its Asset
Management Services.
B. AGGREGATING (BLOCK) TRADING FOR MULTIPLE CLIENT ACCOUNTS
Transactions for each client generally will be effected independently, unless the Adviser
decides to purchase or sell the same securities for several clients at approximately the
same time. The Adviser may (but is not obligated to) combine or “batch” such orders to
obtain best execution, to negotiate more favorable commission rates, or to allocate
equitably among the Adviser’s clients differences in prices and commissions or other
transaction costs that might have been obtained had such orders been placed
independently.
Due to the individualized nature of services, however, large orders of securities are
rarely consistent with the nature of the Adviser’s services. Aggregation is undertaken in
firms processing large orders of securities in order to realize more effective trade
execution and the cost efficiencies that come from executing larger order sizes. In each
case, the Adviser strives to allocate investment opportunities or trades among its clients
in a manner that is fair and equitable and based upon the client investment objectives.
In the event there is a need to execute a block trade: normally, under this procedure,
transactions will generally be averaged as to price and allocated according to the
Adviser’s standard allocation procedure. This procedure considers the circumstances
of each trade and always strives for fairness and cost-effectiveness to the client. In most
cases when the Adviser executes only a partial fill of a targeted buy order, allocations
will prioritize complete fills for clients with the most available cash as a percentage of
portfolio assets. Likewise, when the Adviser executes only a partial fill of a targeted sell
order, allocations will prioritize complete fills for clients with the least available cash as
23
a percent of portfolio assets. To the extent that the Adviser determines to aggregate
client orders for the purchase or sale of securities, including securities in which the
Adviser’s Representatives may invest, the Adviser shall normally do so in accordance
with applicable rules promulgated under the SEC’s Investment Advisors Act and no-
action guidance provided by the staff of the SEC. An allocation statement will be
prepared and any special circumstances or conditions will be outlined in connection with
each event. The Adviser shall not receive any additional compensation or remuneration
as a result of the aggregation.
Certain issues may impact the Adviser’s allocation and in such cases the allocation will
be made based upon the following: (i) when only a small percentage of the order is
executed, shares may be allocated to the account with the smallest order or the smallest
position or to an account that is out of line with respect to security or sector weightings
relative to other portfolios with similar mandates; (ii) allocations may be given to one
account when one account has limitations in its investment guidelines which prohibit it
from purchasing other securities which are expected to produce similar investment
results and can be purchased by other accounts; (iii) if an account reaches an
investment guideline limit and cannot participate in an allocation, shares may be
reallocated to other accounts (this may be due to unforeseen changes in an account’s
assets after an order is placed); (iv) in cases where a small proportion of an order is
executed in all accounts, shares may be allocated to one or more accounts on a random
basis.
The Adviser receives no additional benefit as a result of the proposed aggregation.
Trade Error Policy: The Adviser requires its personnel to carefully implement
investment decisions. Nevertheless, if a trade error occurs, it is the Adviser’s policy to
correct the error as soon as possible and in such a manner that the affected client is not
disadvantaged and bears no loss. The Adviser utilizes a trade-error account at Charles
Schwab & Co., as needed, to process trade error reimbursements. Charles Schwab &
Co. retains gains from errors and donates the funds to non-profit organizations in
accordance with the company’s then-current internal policy.
Trading Away: Clients may incur transaction costs in addition to any commissions
charged by the broker-dealer when securities traded over-the-counter are effected on
their behalf through the broker-dealer on an agency basis. Broker custody of client
assets may limit or eliminate the Adviser’s ability to obtain best price and execution of
transactions in over-the-counter securities.
ITEM 13: REVIEWS OF ACCOUNTS
A. FREQUENCY AND NATURE OF PERIODIC REVIEWS
Asset Management Services involves continuous and ongoing services to include
frequent monitoring (perhaps daily) and internal review of portfolio assets on a quarterly
or perhaps more frequent basis. The frequency of and processes for the internal
portfolio reviews are dependent upon the nature and complexity of the portfolio and at
the discretion of the Adviser. Reviews may also occur at the time of significant deposits
or withdrawals.
24
Reviews generally entail analyzing securities, assessing current market conditions,
analyzing investment results and other factors. JAWA, Inc. may also review a portfolio
if the client’s asset allocation deviates over the targeted acceptable limits, at which time
portfolio action is considered.
Individual reviews (with clients) are conducted as requested by the client, at the
Adviser’s discretion, or according to the interval agreed upon in the Client Service
Agreement. The timing of reviews conducted with clients are guided by the client’s
stated objectives or at the Adviser’s discretion; however, the Adviser prefers clients
initiate meetings at least annually. In addition, clients are obligated to contact the
Adviser when there exists a real or potential change in the clients’ financial condition.
This prompt notification gives the Adviser the opportunity to review the clients’ new
information and as a result the Adviser and client can help ensure the investment
strategies continue to be appropriate based on client’s data and stated objectives.
B. REVIEWERS
Reviews are conducted by John A. Wolfe, CFP®, President.
C. FACTORS THAT MAY TRIGGER NON-PERIODIC ACCOUNT REVIEWS
The timing of internal portfolio reviews may also be guided by the underlying assets of
the portfolio, individual circumstances as reasonably known by the Adviser, market
conditions and the request of the client. Reviews may also be triggered by material
market, economic or political events. Reviews may also occur in conjunction with
significant deposits and withdrawals. As noted in Item A above, reviews may also be
triggered by reported changes in the client’s financial situation (which may include but
are not limited to: termination or change of employment, physical relocation, inheritance
or retirement).
D. CONTENT AND FREQUENCY OF REGULAR REPORTS TO CLIENTS
Clients can expect to receive confirmation statements from all transactions and a
monthly/quarterly statement directly from their custodial firm. The custodian’s quarterly
reports detail account value, net change, portfolio holdings, and all account activity.
JAWA, Inc.’s reports to clients are sent three times a year. These reports include
commentary addressing pertinent investment issues and economic information,
account statements, presentations of performance and account activity. The Adviser
may prepare additional reports or post-meeting communications at the Adviser’s
discretion.
ITEM 14: CLIENT REFERRALS AND OTHER COMPENSATION
A. ECONOMIC BENEFITS PROVIDED BY THIRD PARTIES FOR ADVICE
RENDERED TO CLIENTS (SALES AWARDS OR OTHER BENEFITS)
JAWA, Inc. does not receive any economic benefits, directly or indirectly from any third
party in connection with advice rendered to JAWA, Inc. clients other than the custodial
benefits described in Item 12.A(1).
25
B. COMPENSATION TO NON-ADVISORY PERSONNEL FOR REFERRALS
JAWA, Inc. does not directly or indirectly compensate any person or firm in exchange
for client referrals.
ITEM 15: CUSTODY
Clients will maintain the authority to open (or close) brokerage-custodial accounts and
will remit investment funds and securities directly to Charles Schwab & Co. (or their
alternative service provider). In all cases, clients have a direct and beneficial interest in
their securities (individual ownership), rather than an undivided interest in a pool of
securities. Execution of transactions and custody of client funds and securities are
services provided by the client’s selected brokerage/custodial services provider(s).
JAWA, Inc. will have access to custodial accounts as needed to implement trades via
its limited discretionary authority, if such authority is granted by the client (as described
in the next section). The Adviser will also have access to deduct the contractually
agreed upon investment advisory fees, with the client’s authorization, as discussed in
Item 5 of this Brochure. Access to client accounts may be deemed custody by the SEC
unless certain provisions are in place.
As part of the Adviser’s efforts to provide premium service and convenience to clients,
JAWA, Inc. may be granted standing letters of authorization (SLOAs) to assist clients
with the movement of funds in and out of their accounts. As a result, JAWA, Inc. is
deemed to have custody of these investment accounts. As of December 31, 2024, these
services were provided to 204 clients with accounts totaling $177,600,000. JAWA
complies with the safe harbor provisions in the SEC’s No-Action Letter dated February
21, 2017 (Investment Adviser Association).
Clients can expect to receive regular statements from the custodian which reflect
account activity and the deduction of investment advisory fees. Clients should carefully
review all account statements. If any client should find that statements are not being
received directly or if statements contain any errors, they should promptly contact
JAWA, Inc. and their custodial firm. Clients must also promptly report address changes
to the Adviser and their custodial firm.
ITEM 16: INVESTMENT DISCRETION
Clients have the ability to leave standing instructions with the Adviser to refrain from
investing in particular industries or to invest in limited amounts of securities. The Adviser
may also be granted the authority to rebalance portfolios when needed and where
limited discretion has been granted.
With the client’s authorization as provided in the custodial account forms and JAWA,
Inc.’s Client Service Agreement, JAWA, Inc. will maintain limited discretionary trading
authority to execute securities transactions in the investor’s portfolio within investor’s
designated investment objectives. The Adviser will determine the securities and the
amounts to be purchased and sold. JAWA, Inc. will not maintain full power of attorney
26
nor will JAWA, Inc. ever have authority to withdraw funds or to take physical custody of
investor funds or securities other than via the limited access as described in Item 15.
ITEM 17: PROXY VOTING
Clients retain the authority to vote proxies. JAWA, Inc. will not take action with respect
to any securities or other investments that become the subject of any legal proceedings,
including bankruptcies.
While JAWA does not vote proxies for clients, it is available to assist clients with
questions and concerns relating to proxies. The Adviser does not engage in proxy-
related discussions with non-clients and does not solicit proxies. In the event JAWA,
Inc.’s advice is solicited by its clients, the Adviser shall abide by the following conditions:
➢ JAWA, Inc. will disclose any significant relationship with the issuer, its affiliates
or a security holder proponent of the matter on which proxy voting advice is
given, as well as any material interest of the Adviser in the matter.
➢ The Adviser will not accept any form of special consideration from any person,
other than the security holder recipient thereof, in exchange for furnishing voting
advice, and;
➢ Voting advice will not be furnished on behalf of any person soliciting proxies, or
on behalf of a participant in an election contest subject to SEC Rule 14a-11.
➢ JAWA, Inc. will not communicate with the press concerning a proxy.
➢ JAWA, Inc. does not solicit proxies.
Deviations from these policies will result in a prompt amendment of this ADV 2A
Brochure and may require JAWA, Inc. to comply with SEC Proxy Registration Rules.
ITEM 18: FINANCIAL INFORMATION
A. BALANCE SHEET
JAWA, Inc. is not required to include a balance sheet with this brochure since it does
not require nor solicit prepayment of more than $1200 in fees per client six months or
more in advance of services.
B. FINANCIAL CONDITIONS REASONABLY LIKELY TO IMPAIR THE ADVISER’S
ABILITY TO MEET CONTRACTUAL COMMITMENTS TO CLIENTS
Neither JAWA, Inc. nor its management has any financial conditions that are reasonably
likely to impair its ability to meet contractual commitments to clients.
C. BANKRUPTCY PETITIONS IN PREVIOUS TEN YEARS
JAWA, Inc. and its Officers have never been named as a party in a bankruptcy petition.
27
PRIVACY POLICY
As an SEC regulated Registered Investment Adviser, JAWA, Inc. is covered under the
definition of a “financial institution” in the Federal Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act (the “Act”).
The Adviser is therefore subject to the Act and the rules of privacy imposed on
Investment Advisors under the SEC’s Regulation S-P (the “Privacy Rule”).
Privacy of nonpublic personal information is an issue that the staff of JAWA, Inc. takes
seriously. To maintain compliance with the Act and the Privacy Rule, every broker,
dealer, investment company and investment Adviser is required to adopt policies and
procedures reasonably designed to safeguard customer and consumer records and
information. JAWA, Inc. has adopted a Privacy Policy to protect clients and consumers.
In its role as Investment Adviser, JAWA routinely collects nonpublic personal
information from clients and prospective clients. This information generally will include
but is not limited to:
➢
Information provided from applications, forms and other information provided to
us either verbally or in writing, and includes but is not limited to your name, address,
phone number, account information, social security number, assets, employment,
income and debt, and any other data that is deemed to be nonpublic personal
information as defined by the Act and Regulation S-P.
➢ Data about your accounts, transactions, and parties to transactions;
➢
Information from other outside sources;
JAWA, Inc. values our clients’ trust and confidence. We will never sell the nonpublic
personal information we obtain from consumers or clients.
All information provided to JAWA, Inc. by clients or prospective clients (including the
Adviser’s personnel), and information and advice furnished by the Adviser to clients,
shall be treated as confidential and shall not be disclosed to unaffiliated third parties,
except as directed by clients with written authorization, by application to facilitate the
investment advisory services offered by the Adviser via an affiliated or unaffiliated
financial services provider (such as the client’s custodial firm or broker/dealer), or as
required by any rule, regulation or law to which the Adviser and its staff may be subject.
JAWA, Inc. maintains clients’ records in a controlled environment and records
(electronic and otherwise) are only available to authorized persons of the Adviser who
have a need to access client information in order to deliver advisory services, provide
administrative support, or to respond to client requests. JAWA, Inc. has made
reasonable efforts and conducts periodic tests to ensure that its electronic network is
secure. In addition, JAWA, Inc. makes reasonable efforts to help ensure clients are
protected from fraud by verifying all account requests.
JAWA, Inc.’s position on protecting nonpublic personal information extends beyond the
life of the Client Service Agreement. Client information is retained in a protected manner
for the period of time required by regulators (five years from the date of last use) and
thereafter is safely destroyed digitally or via a contracted secure shredding service.
28
Consumers (other than clients) who provide information during an initial consultation or
for other purposes but do not go on to become clients of the Adviser also receive privacy
protection. Original information will be promptly returned in person or via the mail if the
Adviser’s services are not engaged. Alternatively, if nonpublic personal information is
contained in copies of documents, notes or some other media, this information will be
securely filed for a period of up to one year (depending upon likelihood of engagement)
before being shredded in-house or via our secure shredding service.
Clients are encouraged to discuss any questions regarding JAWA, Inc.’s privacy
policies and procedures with John A. Wolfe, CFP®, President or Beth Dickinson, Chief
Compliance Officer.
29