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Item 1 – Cover Page
Lauterbach Financial Advisors, LLC
4130 Rio Bravo Street
El Paso, TX 79902
(915) 544-6950
www.lfa-ia.com
April 17, 2025
This Brochure provides information about the qualifications and business practices of
Lauterbach Financial Advisors, LLC (“LFA”). If you have any questions about the contents of this
Brochure, please contact us at (915) 544-6950. The information in this Brochure has not been
approved or verified by the United States Securities and Exchange Commission or by any state
securities authority.
LFA is a Registered Investment Adviser. Registration of an Investment Adviser does not imply
any level of skill or training. The oral and written communications of an Adviser provide you with
information about which you determine to hire or retain an Adviser.
Additional information about LFA also is available on the SEC’s website at
www.adviserinfo.sec.gov. You can search this site by a unique identifying number, known as a
CRD number. The CRD number for LFA is 114431.
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Item 2 – Material Changes
This Item of the Brochure will discuss only specific material changes that are made to the
Brochure and provide clients with a summary of such changes. The last annual update of our
brochure was March 28, 2025.
Updated fee schedule in Item 5 to clarify amounts and tiered structure.
Updated reference to Buckingham Strategic Partners to Focus Partners Advisor Solutions
throughout to reflect their legal name change;
Additionally, please note that we have updated the Assets Under Management information of
Item 4 in accordance with the filing of our Annual Updating Amendment on March 28, 2025.
(Brochure Date: 04/17/2025)
(Date of Most Recent Annual Updating Amendment: 03/28/2025)
Pursuant to SEC Rules, we will ensure that you receive a summary of any materials changes to
this and subsequent Brochures within 120 days of the close of our business’ fiscal year. We may
further provide other ongoing disclosure information about material changes as necessary.
We will further provide you with a new Brochure as necessary based on changes or new
information, at any time, without charge.
Currently, our Brochure may be requested by contacting us at (915) 544-6950. Our Brochure is
also available on our web site www.lfa-ia.com at no charge.
Additional information about LFA is available via the SEC’s web site www.adviserinfo.sec.gov.
The SEC’s web site provides information about any persons affiliated with LFA who are
registered, or are required to be registered, as investment adviser representatives of LFA.
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Item 3 – Table of Contents
Item 1 – Cover Page ................................................................................................................................... i
Item 2 – Material Changes ........................................................................................................................ ii
Item 3 – Table of Contents ....................................................................................................................... iii
Item 4 – Advisory Business ....................................................................................................................... 1
Item 5 – Fees and Compensation ............................................................................................................. 3
Item 6 – Performance-Based Fees and Side-By-Side Management ......................................................... 6
Item 7 – Types of Clients ........................................................................................................................... 7
Item 8 – Methods of Analysis, Investment Strategies and Risk of Loss .................................................... 7
Item 9 – Disciplinary Information ........................................................................................................... 10
Item 10 – Other Financial Industry Activities and Affiliations ................................................................ 11
Item 11 – Code of Ethics, Participation in Client Transactions and Personal Trading ............................ 12
Item 12 – Brokerage Practices ................................................................................................................ 13
Item 13 – Review of Accounts ................................................................................................................. 15
Item 14 – Client Referrals and Other Compensation .............................................................................. 16
Item 15 – Custody ................................................................................................................................... 17
Item 16 – Investment Discretion............................................................................................................. 17
Item 17 – Voting Client Securities ........................................................................................................... 17
Item 18 – Financial Information .............................................................................................................. 18
Brochure Supplement(s)
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Item 4 – Advisory Business
LFA is owned by Suzanne Lindau, Billy DeFrance, Dan Sonnen, Stephen Rash, Scott Kobren,
Cynthia Lyons, Mark Groover, and Steve Lauterbach. The firm has been providing advisory
services since 1999.
As of December 31, 2024, LFA managed $590,197,144 on a discretionary basis and $441,186 on
a non-discretionary basis, for a total of $590,197,144 in assets under management. In addition,
LFA provides advisory services to an additional $20,927,593.13 in participant-directed defined
contribution plans.
Investment Management Services
LFA manages investment portfolios for individuals, qualified retirement plans, trusts, not-for-
profits and small businesses. LFA will work with the client to determine the client's investment
objectives and investor risk profile and will design a written investment policy statement. LFA
uses investment and portfolio allocation software to evaluate alternative portfolio designs. LFA
evaluates the client's existing investments with respect to the client's investment policy
statement and works with new clients to develop a plan to transition from the client's existing
portfolio to the portfolio recommended by LFA. LFA will then continuously monitor the client's
portfolio holdings and the overall asset allocation strategy and hold regular review meetings
with the client regarding the account as necessary.
LFA will typically create a portfolio of no-load mutual funds and may use model portfolios if the
models match the client's investment policy. LFA will allocate the client's assets among various
investments taking into consideration the overall management style selected by the client. LFA
primarily recommends portfolios consisting of passively managed asset class and index mutual
funds, such as Dimensional Fund Advisors (DFA) mutual funds. DFA-sponsored mutual funds
follow a passive asset class investment philosophy with low holdings turnover. Consequently,
the DFA fund fees are generally lower than fees and expenses charged by other types of funds.
DFA-offered funds are only available for investment to clients of registered investment advisors
that are subject to approval by DFA. This means that the termination of a client’s relationship
with the Firm would eliminate the ability to make additional investments in DFA funds unless the
client establishes a relationship with another DFA-approved registered investment advisor.
Client portfolios may also include some individual equity securities in situations where
disposition of these securities would present an overriding tax implication or the client
specifically requests they be retained for a personal reason. Some such assets may be held but
not considered as part of the relationship for billing or in the IPS, due to client preferences.
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LFA manages mutual fund and equity portfolios on a discretionary or nondiscretionary basis.
Clients may impose any reasonable restrictions on LFA’s discretionary authority, including
restrictions on the types of securities in which LFA may invest the client’s assets and on specific
securities that the client may believe to be appropriate.
LFA may also recommend fixed income portfolios to advisory clients, which consist of managed
accounts of individual bonds. LFA will request discretionary authority from advisory clients to
manage fixed income portfolios, including the discretion to retain a third-party fixed income
manager.
Pursuant to its discretionary authority, LFA will retain an independent separate account manager
(“Independent Manager”) for the management of certain client portfolios. The Independent
Manager will be provided with the discretionary authority to invest client fixed income assets
consistent with the client's Investment Policy Statement. The Independent Manager will also
monitor the accounts for changes in credit ratings, security call provisions, and tax loss
harvesting opportunities (to the extent that the manager is provided with cost basis
information). LFA has hired Focus Partners Advisor Solutions (“FPAS”) as the primary
Independent Manager.
In certain circumstances, as determined by LFA and the client, LFA engages AQR Capital
Management, LLC (“AQR”) as an Independent Manager to manage portfolios of individual
securities for clients. In these instances, AQR’s fees are separate, distinct, and in addition to LFA’s
advisory fees.
Pursuant to its discretionary authority, LFA may retain a fixed income securities manager. The
fixed income securities manager will be provided with the discretionary authority to invest client
assets in fixed income securities consistent with the client's Fixed Income Investment Policy
Statement. The manager will also monitor the account for changes in credit ratings, security call
provisions, and tax loss harvesting opportunities (to the extent that the manager is provided
with cost basis information). The manager will obtain LFA's consent prior to the sale of any client
securities.
On an ongoing basis, LFA will answer clients' inquiries regarding their accounts and review
periodically with clients the performance of their accounts. Utilizing Drift Reports available daily,
LFA will periodically review the client's investment policy, risk profile and discuss the re-
balancing of each client's accounts to the extent appropriate. LFA will provide the Independent
Manager any updated client financial information or account restrictions necessary for the
Independent Manager to provide sub-advisory services.
Employee Benefit Retirement Plan Services:
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LFA also provides advisory services to participant-directed employee retirement benefit plans.
LFA will analyze the plan's current investment platform, and assist the plan in creating an
investment policy statement defining the types of investments to be offered and the restrictions
that may be imposed. LFA will recommend investment options to achieve the plan's objectives,
provide participant education meetings, and monitor the performance of the plan's investment
vehicles.
LFA will recommend changes in the plan's investment vehicles as may be appropriate from time
to time. LFA generally will review the plan's investment vehicles and investment policy as
necessary.
For certain retirement plans, LFA also works in coordination and support with Focus Partners
Advisor Solutions, LLC (“FPAS”). Retirement plan clients will engage both LFA and FPAS. FPAS
will provide to the client additional discretionary investment management services and will
exercise discretionary authority to select the plan investments made available to the plans’
participants by selecting and maintain the plans’ investments according to the goals and
investment objectives of the plan.
LFA will continue to work with plans to monitor plan investments, provide fiduciary plan advice
including regular considerations of the goals and objectives of the plan, and provide participant
education services to the plan.
Additional Financial Services:
In addition to managing the client’s investment portfolio, LFA may consult with clients on
various financial areas including income and estate tax matters, business sale structures,
education funding, retirement planning, insurance analysis, establishment and design of
retirement plans and trusts, among other things.
Item 5 – Fees and Compensation
In certain circumstances, all fees, fee minimums and their applications to family circumstances
may be negotiable. Accounts for members of the same family and/or related accounts may be
aggregated and assessed fees on the total balance of all related accounts. Additionally, and on a
case-by-case basis, LFA may charge its below stated advisory fee (or a negotiated fee if it has
been agreed upon with client) on client’s legacy positions or unmanaged assets when those
assets/positions are being considered within the client’s overall investment strategy.
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LFA has contracted with FPAS for services including trade processing, collection of management
fees, record maintenance, record maintenance, report preparation, marketing assistance, and
research. LFA has also contracted with FPAS for certain sub-advisory services. In certain
instances, LFA pays a fee for these FPAS services based on management fees paid to LFA on
accounts that use FPAS services. The fee paid by LFA to FPAS varies based on the total client
assets administered and/or sub-advised by FPAS through LFA. These fees will not be separately
charged to advisory clients. There may be other fees LFA clients may pay to FPAS directly under
separate fee agreements. As a service provider assisting with trade processing, trade errors in
client accounts may be caused by FPAS. According to FPAS’s policies, our clients will be made
whole by FPAS in the event of any losses caused by FPAS. In addition, LFA’s policy pertaining to
trade errors is to always make the client whole. LFA will follow the client’s custodian’s policies
regarding trade error gains, which means trade error gains are donated to charity(ies) of the
custodian’s choice.
The specific manner in which fees are charged by LFA is established in a client’s written
agreement with LFA. Generally, clients will be invoiced in advance at the beginning of each
calendar quarter based upon the value (market value based on independent, third-party sources
or fair market value in the absence of market value; client account balances on which LFA
calculates fees may vary from account custodial statements based on independent asset
valuations and other accounting variances, including mechanisms for including accrued interest
in account statements), of the client's account at the end of the previous quarter. New accounts
are charged as of the 1st day of the month following the implementation of the investment
strategy.
For investment management services, LFA will request authority from the client to delegate
discretion to trade in the client’s account and to receive quarterly payments directly from the
client's account held by an independent custodian. Clients may provide written limited
authorization to LFA or its designated service provider, FPAS, to withdraw fees from their
account(s). Certain third-party administrators will calculate and debit LFA's fee and remit such
fee to LFA. Upon client request, LFA will provide the client an invoice showing the amount of the
fee, the value of the client's assets on which the fee was based, and the specific manner in which
the fee was calculated. Clients should verify the accuracy of the fee calculations in such invoices.
Client custodians will send at least quarterly statements directly to the client. Custodial
statements will only show the amount of the advisory fee.
A client agreement may be canceled at any time, by either party, for any reason upon receipt of
30 days’ written notice. Upon termination of any account at any time after the required 30-day
notice, any prepaid, unearned fees will be promptly refunded. The client has the right to
terminate an agreement without penalty within five business days after entering into the
agreement.
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All fees paid to LFA for investment advisory services are separate and distinct from the fees and
expenses charged by mutual funds to their shareholders. LFA’s fees are exclusive of brokerage
commissions, transaction fees, and other related costs and expenses which shall be incurred by
the client. Clients may incur certain charges imposed by custodians, brokers, third party
investment and other third parties such as fees charged by managers, custodial fees, odd-lot
differentials, transfer taxes, wire transfer and electronic fund fees, and other fees and taxes on
brokerage accounts and securities transactions. Mutual funds and exchange traded funds also
charge internal management fees, which are disclosed in a fund’s prospectus.
These fees will generally include a management fee, other fund expenses, and a possible
distribution fee. A client could invest in mutual funds directly, without the services of LFA. In that
case, the client would not receive the services provided by LFA which are designed, among other
things, to assist the client in determining which mutual fund or funds are most appropriate to
each client's financial condition and objectives. Certain funds also may not be available to the
client directly. Accordingly, the client should review both the fees charged by the funds and the
fees charged by LFA to fully understand the total amount of fees to be paid by the client and to
thereby evaluate the advisory services being provided.
Advisory Fees
Investment Management Services
The annual fee for investment management services will be charged as a percentage of assets
under management, according to the tiered schedule below:
Assets Under Management
On the first $500,000.00
On the next $1,500,000.00
On the next $3,000,000.00
On the next $5,000,000.00
On the next $10,000,000.00
And on any portion over $20,000,000.00
Annual Fee (%)
1.25%
0.90%
0.70%
0.60%
0.50%
0.40%
All accounts for members of the client's family (husband, wife and dependent children) or
related businesses may be assessed fees based on the total balance of all accounts.
A minimum annual fee of $5,000 is generally required for investment management and/or
planning services.
LFA amended its offered fee schedule in March 2025. Clients with relationships prior to this
change will be subject to their contracted fee schedule until such time as LFA and the client
respectively agree to a new schedule.
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Independent Manager Fees
As stated above in Item 4, LFA (in coordination with the client) may decide to implement AQR as
an Independent Manager for the management of portfolios of individual securities. In these
instances, AQR will charge its own separate and distinct fee from LFA’s advisory fees, which are
noted above. Clients grant AQR authority at the client’s custodian for AQR to directly debit client
accounts for the Independent Manager’s fee.
Additionally, clients are required to sign an advisory agreement addendum with LFA which
outlines these additional fees.
Employee Benefit Retirement Plan Services:
The annual fee for plan services will be charged as a percentage of assets within the plan.
Assets Under Management
FPAS’s Annual Fee
LFA’s Annual Fee
Total Fee
On the first $1,000,000
0.20%
0.70%
0.90%
On the next $4,000,000
0.15%
0.45%
0.60%
On the next $5,000,000
0.08%
0.25%
0.33%
On all amounts above
0.05%
0.15%
0.20%
$10,000,000
Clients with prior relationships may be subject to differing fee schedules.
A minimum annual fee of $3,000 is generally required for employee benefit retirement plan
services.
Additional Financial Services:
For additional financial services, LFA may charge an hourly fee. The hourly fee may vary
depending on the advisor providing the service and the scope of services to be provided. The
rate for services will be determined and agreed upon in an agreement prior to the start of work
for the client. Clients will be provided with an invoice for these services.
Item 6 – Performance-Based Fees and Side-By-Side Management
LFA does not charge any performance-based fees (fees based on a share of capital gains on or
capital appreciation of the assets of a client). All fees are calculated as described above and are
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not charged on the basis of income or capital gains or capital appreciation of the funds or any
portion of the funds of an advisory client.
Item 7 – Types of Clients
LFA manages investment portfolios for individuals, qualified retirement plans, trusts, and small
businesses.
Minimum Account Sizes
Although LFA does not have a minimum account size, it may impose a minimum annual fee of
$5,000 for services provided, as discussed earlier in Item 5 - Fees and Compensation.
For employee benefit retirement plan services, LFA may impose a minimum annual fee of $3,000
for services provided, as discussed earlier in Item 5 – Fees and Compensation.
Please refer to Item 5 of this Brochure for complete fee billing details.
Item 8 – Methods of Analysis, Investment Strategies and Risk of Loss
Methods of Analysis and Investment Strategy
LFA's services are based on long-term investment strategies incorporating the principles of
Modern Portfolio Theory. LFA's investment approach is firmly rooted in the belief that markets
are "efficient" over periods of time and that investors' long-term returns are determined
principally by asset allocation decisions, rather than market timing or stock picking. LFA
recommends diversified portfolios, principally through the use of passively managed, asset class
mutual funds. LFA selects or recommends portfolios of securities, principally broadly-traded
open end mutual funds or conservative fixed income securities to implement this investment
strategy.
LFA also utilizes historical database software from Morningstar and Dimensional Fund Advisors
as well as reported information directly from the fund provider or carrier and/or their web-site.
Although all investments involve risk, LFA's investment advice seeks to limit risk through broad
diversification among asset classes and, as appropriate for particular clients the investment
directly in conservative fixed income securities to represent the fixed income class. LFA's
investment philosophy is designed for investors who desire a buy and hold strategy. Frequent
trading of securities increases brokerage and other transaction costs that LFA's strategy seeks to
minimize.
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In the implementation of investment plans, LFA therefore primarily uses mutual funds and, as
appropriate, portfolios of conservative fixed income securities. LFA may also utilize Exchange
Traded Funds (ETFs) to represent a market sector.
Clients may hold or retain other types of assets as well, and LFA may offer advice regarding
those various assets as part of its services. Advice regarding such assets will generally not
involve asset management services but may help to more generally assist the client.
LFA’s strategies do not utilize securities that we believe would be classified as having any
unusual risks, and we do not recommend frequent trading, which can increase brokerage and
other costs and taxes.
LFA does not typically recommend the purchase of securities on margin. However, if a client
account has a short-term cash need, LFA may suggest the use of margin to raise the funds
necessary in lieu of selling securities held in an account. LFA may also recommend the use of
long-term investment techniques such as dollar-cost averaging.
LFA receives supporting research from FPAS and from other consultants, including economists
affiliated with Dimensional Fund Advisors (“DFA”). LFA utilizes DFA mutual funds in client
portfolios. DFA mutual funds follow a passive asset class investment philosophy with low
holdings turnover. DFA provides historical market analysis, risk/return analysis, and continuing
education to LFA.
Analysis of a Client’s Financial Situation
In the development of investment plans for clients, including the recommendation of an
appropriate asset allocation, LFA relies on an analysis of the client’s financial objectives, current
and estimated future resources, and tolerance for risk. To derive a recommended asset
allocation, LFA may use a Monte Carlo simulation, a standard statistical approach for dealing
with uncertainty. As with any other methods used to make projections into the future, there are
several risks associated with this method, which may result in the client not being able to
achieve their financial goals. They include:
• The risk that expected future cash flows will not match those used in the analysis
• The risk that future rates of return will fall short of the estimates used in the simulation
• The risk that inflation will exceed the estimates used in the simulation
• For taxable clients, the risk that tax rates will be higher than was assumed in the analysis
Risk of Loss
Investing in securities involves risk of loss that clients should be prepared to bear.
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All investments present the risk of loss of principal – the risk that the value of securities (mutual
funds, ETFs and individual bonds), when sold or otherwise disposed of, may be less than the
price paid for the securities. Even when the value of the securities when sold is greater than the
price paid, there is the risk that the appreciation will be less than inflation. In other words, the
purchasing power of the proceeds may be less than the purchasing power of the original
investment.
The mutual funds and ETFs utilized by LFA may include funds invested in domestic and
international equities, including real estate investment trusts (REITs), corporate and government
fixed income securities and commodities. Equity securities may include large capitalization,
medium capitalization and small capitalization stocks. Mutual funds and ETF shares invested in
fixed income securities are subject to the same interest rate, inflation and credit risks associated
with the underlying bond holdings.
Among the riskiest mutual funds used in LFA’s investment strategies funds are the U.S. and
International small capitalization and small capitalization value funds, emerging markets funds,
and commodity futures funds. Conservative fixed income securities have lower risk of loss of
principal, but most bonds (with the exception of Treasury Inflation Protected Securities or TIPS)
present the risk of loss of purchasing power through lower expected return. This risk is greatest
for longer-term bonds.
Certain funds utilized by LFA may contain international securities. Investing outside the United
States involves additional risks, such as currency fluctuations, periods of illiquidity and price
volatility. These risks may be greater with investments in developing countries.
Interval Fund Risk
An interval fund is a type of closed-end fund containing shares that do not trade on the
secondary market. Instead, the fund periodically offers to buy back a percentage of outstanding
shares at net asset value.
The rules for interval funds, along with the types of assets held, make this investment largely
illiquid compared with other funds. The primary reasons for investors to consider investing in
interval funds LFA may utilize include, but are not limited to, gaining exposure to certain risk
categories that provide diversified sources of expected returns, part of which may be in the form
of illiquidity premiums. Access to the intended risk and expected return characteristics may not
otherwise be available in more liquid, traditional investment vehicles.
Where appropriate, LFA may utilize certain interval funds structured as non-diversified, closed-
end management investment companies, registered under the Investment Company Act of
1940. Investments in an interval fund involve additional risk, including lack of liquidity and
restrictions on withdrawals. During any time periods outside of the specified repurchase offer
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window(s), investors will be unable to sell their shares of the interval fund. There is no assurance
that an investor will be able to tender shares when or in the amount desired, and the fund may
suspend or postpone purchases. Clients should carefully review the fund’s prospectus to more
fully understand the interval fund structure and the corresponding liquidity risks. Because these
types of investments involve certain additional risk, these funds will only be utilized when
consistent with a client’s investment objectives, individual situation, suitability, tolerance for risk
and liquidity needs. Investment should be avoided where an investor has a short-term investing
horizon and/or cannot bear the loss of some or all of the investment.
More information about the risks of any particular market sector can be reviewed in
representative mutual fund prospectuses managing assets within each applicable sector.
Cybersecurity Risk
The computer systems, networks and devices used by LFA and service providers to us and our
clients to carry out routine business operations employ a variety of protections designed to
prevent damage or interruption from computer viruses, network failures, computer and
telecommunication failures, infiltration by unauthorized persons and security breaches. Despite
the various protections utilized, systems, networks or devices potentially can be breached. A
client could be negatively impacted as a result of a cybersecurity breach.
Cybersecurity breaches can include unauthorized access to systems, networks, or devices;
infection from computer viruses or other malicious software code; and attacks that shut down,
disable, slow or otherwise disrupt operations, business processes or website access or
functionality. Cybersecurity breaches may cause disruptions and impact business operations,
potentially resulting in financial losses to a client; impediments to trading; the inability by us and
other service providers to transact business; violations of applicable privacy and other laws;
regulatory fines, penalties, reputational damage, reimbursement or other compensation costs, or
additional compliance costs, as well as the inadvertent release of confidential information.
Similar adverse consequences could result from cybersecurity breaches affecting issuers of
securities in which a client invests; governmental and other regulatory authorities; exchange and
other financial market operators, banks, brokers, dealers and other financial institutions and
other parties. In additional substantial costs may be incurred by these entities in order to
prevent any cybersecurity breaches in the future.
Item 9 – Disciplinary Information
Registered investment advisers are required to disclose all material facts regarding any legal or
disciplinary events that would be material to your evaluation of LFA or the integrity of LFA’s
management. LFA has no information applicable to this Item.
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Item 10 – Other Financial Industry Activities and Affiliations
Affiliated Accounting Firms
Some Members of LFA are also Officers, consultants and employees of the accounting firm
Lauterbach, Borschow & Company, P.C. (“LB&C”). LB&C compensates LFA for any accounting
services performed by consultants, who are employees of LFA.
Certain Members of Lauterbach, Borschow & Company, P.C. recommend LFA to accounting
clients in need of advisory services. Under the terms of the internal referral agreement, these
Members shall receive referral compensation should the client retain LFA for advisory services.
Certain Members or Employees of LFA recommend LB&C to advisory clients in need of
accounting services and shall be compensated for this referral. Accounting services provided by
LB&C are separate and distinct from the advisory services of LFA, and are provided for separate
and typical compensation. The referral of clients between LFA and LB&C presents a conflict of
interest, however, no LFA client is obligated to use LB&C for any accounting services, nor is an
LB&C client obligated to retain LFA for advisory services. LB&C accounting services do not
include the authority to sign checks or otherwise disburse funds on any LFA advisory client's
behalf.
Certain Members will spend a substantial majority of their business time on their accounting
practice. Business time will vary among the Members based on their direct involvement in the
LFA advisory activities.
Focus Partners Advisor Solutions, LLC
As described above in Item 4, LFA may exercise discretionary authority provided by a client to
select an independent third-party investment manager for the management of portfolios. LFA
selects Focus Partners Advisor Solutions, LLC (“FPAS”) for such management. LFA also contracts
with FPAS for back-office services and assistance with portfolio modeling. LFA has a fiduciary
duty to select qualified and appropriate managers in the client’s best interest, and believes that
FPAS effectively provides both the back-office services that assist with its overall investment
advisory practice and fixed income portfolio management services. The management of LFA
continuously makes this assessment. While LFA has a contract with FPAS governing a time
period for back-office services, LFA has no such fixed commitment to the selection of FPAS sub-
advisory services and may select another investment manager for clients.
FPAS may pay various forms of direct and indirect compensation to LFA or its representatives for
reasonable business or educational purposes as described in FPAS’s Form ADV Part 2A.
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Item 11 – Code of Ethics, Participation in Client Transactions and
Personal Trading
LFA has adopted a Code of Ethics expressing the firm's commitment to ethical conduct. LFA's
Code of Ethics describes the firm's fiduciary duties and responsibilities to clients and sets forth
LFA's practice of supervising the personal securities transactions of employees with access to
client information. Individuals associated with LFA may buy or sell securities for their personal
accounts identical or different than those recommended to clients. It is the expressed policy of
LFA that no person employed by the firm shall prefer his or her own interest to that of an
advisory client or make personal investment decisions based on investment decisions of
advisory clients.
To supervise compliance with its Code of Ethics, LFA requires that anyone associated with this
advisory practice with access to advisory recommendations provide annual securities holding
reports and quarterly transaction reports to the firm's principal. LFA also requires such access
persons to receive approval from the Chief Compliance Officer prior to investing in any IPO's or
private placements (limited offerings).
LFA's Code of Ethics further includes the firm's policy prohibiting the use of material non-public
information and protecting the confidentiality of client information. LFA requires that all
individuals must act in accordance with all applicable Federal and State regulations governing
registered investment advisory practices. Any individual not in observance of the above may be
subject to discipline.
LFA will provide a complete copy of its Code of Ethics to any client or prospective client upon
request.
Principal transactions are generally defined as transactions where an advisor, acting as principal
for its own account or the account of an affiliated broker-dealer, buys from or sells any security
to any advisory client. A principal transaction may also be deemed to have occurred if a security
is crossed between an affiliated private fund and another client account. An agency cross
transaction is defined as a transaction where a person acts as an investment advisor in relation
to a transaction in which the investment advisor, or any person controlled by or under common
control with the investment advisor, acts as broker for both the advisory client and for another
person on the other side of the transaction. Agency cross transactions may arise where an
advisor is dually registered as a broker-dealer or has an affiliated broker-dealer. It is LFA’s policy
that the firm will not affect any principal or agency cross securities transactions for client
accounts. For clients that retain FPAS for sub-advisory fixed income management, please note
that FPAS may engage in cross transactions of fixed income securities pursuant to their ADV
disclosure. Clients should refer to FPAS’s Form ADV Part 2 for full disclosure of FPAS’s trading
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practices, including their determination of when fixed income cross trades may be advantageous
for clients. LFA will not cross trades between client accounts. LFA continually monitors all trading
in client accounts, including fixed income transactions performed by the sub-advisor.
Item 12 – Brokerage Practices
Investment Management Services:
LFA arranges for the execution of all securities transactions with the assistance of FPAS. Through
FPAS, LFA participates in the Schwab Institutional (“SI”) services program offered to independent
investment advisers by Charles Schwab & Company, Inc. and the Fidelity Institutional Wealth
Services (“FIWS”) program, sponsored by Fidelity Brokerage Services, LLC ("Fidelity"). Schwab
and Fidelity are FINRA broker dealers and members of SIPC.
The Schwab and Fidelity brokerage programs will generally be recommended to advisory clients
for the execution of mutual fund and equity securities transactions. LFA regularly reviews these
programs to ensure that its recommendations are consistent with its fiduciary duty. These
trading platforms are essential to LFA's service arrangements and capabilities, and LFA may not
accept clients who direct the use of other brokers. As part of these programs, LFA receives
benefits that it would not receive if it did not offer investment advice (See the disclosure under
Item 14 of this Brochure).
As LFA will not request the discretionary authority to determine the broker dealer to be used or
the commission rates to be paid in these situations, clients must direct LFA as to the broker
dealer to be used. In directing the use of a particular broker or dealer, it should be understood
that LFA will not have authority to negotiate commissions among various brokers or obtain
volume discounts, and best execution may not be achieved. Not all investment advisers require
clients to direct the use of specific brokers.
LFA will not exercise authority to arrange client transactions in fixed income securities. Clients
may provide this authority to a fixed income manager retained by LFA on client's behalf by
designating the portfolio manager with trading authority over client's brokerage account. Clients
will be provided with the Disclosure Brochure (Form ADV Part 2) of the portfolio manager.
SI and FIWS do not generally charge clients a custody fee and are compensated by account
holders through commissions or other transaction-related fees for securities trades that are
executed through the broker or that settle into the clients' accounts at the brokers. Trading
client accounts through other brokers may result in fees (including mark-ups and mark-downs)
being charged by the custodial broker and an additional broker. While LFA will not arrange
transactions through other brokers, the authority of the fixed income portfolio manager includes
the ability to trade client fixed income assets through other brokers.
LFA also does not have any arrangements to compensate any broker dealer for client referrals.
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When trading client accounts, errors may periodically occur. LFA does not maintain any client
trade error gains. LFA makes client whole with respect to any trade error losses incurred by
client and caused by LFA. All trade error gains will be donated to charity(ies) of the custodian’s
choice, per custodian policy.
LFA does not aggregate any client transactions in mutual fund or other securities. Client
accounts are individually reviewed and managed, and transaction costs are not saved by
aggregating orders in almost all circumstances in which LFA arranges transactions. FPAS, in the
management of fixed income portfolios, will aggregate certain transactions among client
accounts that it manages, in which case a LFA client’s orders may be aggregated with an order
for another client of FPAS who is not an LFA client. See FPAS’s Form ADV Part 2 for further
information on their practices related to aggregation of fixed income trades.
Additionally, LFA offers a cash management aggregator system named Flourish Cash. Flourish
Cash is a service offered by an unaffiliated third-party, Flourish Financial LLC. A Flourish Cash
account is a brokerage account whereby the cash balance is swept from the brokerage account
to deposit accounts at one or more third-party banks that have agreed to accept deposits from
customers of Flourish Cash. Flourish Financial LLC is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Massachusetts
Mutual Life Insurance Company. Please refer to the applicable disclosures provided separately
by Flourish Financial LLC on account opening.
Employee Benefit Retirement Plan Services:
Generally, LFA does not typically arrange for the execution of securities transactions for plans as
a part of this service. Transactions are executed directly through employee plan participation.
Broker Selection:
LFA, due to the nature of its business and client needs, does not include blocking trades,
negotiating commissions with broker dealers or obtaining volume discounts, nor necessarily
obtaining the best price. Clients will be required to select their own broker dealers and insurance
companies for implementation of any recommendations. LFA may recommend any one of
several brokers. LFA clients must independently evaluate these brokers before opening an
account. The factors considered by LFA when making this recommendation are the broker's
ability to provide professional services, LFA's experience with the broker, the broker's reputation,
and the broker's financial strength, among other factors. LFA's clients may use any broker or
dealer of their choice.
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Item 13 – Review of Accounts
Reviews:
Investment Management Services
Account assets are supervised continuously by the client’s respective advisor and reviewed
periodically by LFA's President and LFA’s compliance team. Any employee or member of LFA
may also raise any concerns regarding assets, allocations, or related issues to management or a
compliance team member. The review process contains each of the following elements:
a. assessing client goals and objectives;
b. evaluating the employed strategy(ies);
c. monitoring the portfolio(s);
d. addressing the need to rebalance;
e. addressing tax considerations.
Additional account reviews may be triggered by any of the following events:
a. a specific client request;
b. a change in client goals and objectives;
c. an imbalance in a portfolio asset allocation; and
d. market/economic conditions.
For fixed income portfolios, certain account review responsibilities are delegated to a third-party
investment manager as described above in Item 4.
Employee Benefit Retirement Plan Services:
Plan assets are reviewed on a quarterly basis, and according to the standards and situations described
above for investment management accounts.
Reports:
All clients, other than those utilizing Employee Benefit Retirement Plan Services, will receive
quarterly performance reports, prepared by FPAS and reviewed by LFA, that summarize the
client's account and asset allocation. Clients will also receive at least quarterly statements from
their account custodian which will outline the client's current positions, and current market
value.
Employee Benefit Retirement Plan Services
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Plan sponsors are provided with quarterly information and annual performance reviews from
LFA. In addition, plan participant education information may also be provided to the Plan
Sponsor or Administrator for distribution to the participants of the plan.
Item 14 – Client Referrals and Other Compensation
Other Compensation:
As indicated under the disclosure for Item 12, SI and FIWS each respectively provide LFA with
access to services, which are not available to retail investors. These services generally are
available to independent investment advisors on an unsolicited basis at no charge to them.
These services benefit LFA but may not benefit its clients' accounts. Many of the products and
services assist LFA in managing and administering clients' accounts. These include software and
other technology that provide access to client account data (such as trade confirmations and
account statements), facilitate trade execution (and allocation of aggregated trade orders for
multiple client accounts), provide research, pricing information and other market data, facilitate
payment of LFA's fees from its clients' accounts, and assist with back-office functions,
recordkeeping and client reporting. Many of these services generally may be used to service all
or a substantial number of LFA's accounts. Recommended brokers also make available to LFA
other services intended to help LFA manage and further develop its business enterprise. These
services may include consulting, publications and conferences on practice management,
information technology, business succession, regulatory compliance, and marketing. LFA does
not, however, enter into any commitments with the brokers for transaction levels in exchange
for any services or products from brokers. While as a fiduciary, LFA endeavors to act in its clients'
best interests, LFA's requirement that clients maintain their assets in accounts at Schwab or FIWS
may be based in part on the benefit to LFA of the availability of some of the foregoing products
and services and not solely on the nature, cost or quality of custody and brokerage services
provided by the brokers, which may create a potential conflict of interest.
On limited occasions, fund companies LFA recommends may pay for routine and typical travel
expenses, including hotel and transportation, for LFA professionals to attend conferences
sponsored by those same fund companies. This is an economic benefit for LFA to have these
costs covered, however LFA has not made any commitment to direct business to any of these
companies.
Client Referrals:
LFA will from time to time compensate, either directly or indirectly, any person (defined as a
natural person or a company), including members of Lauterbach, Borschow & Company, P.C., for
client referrals. In addition, representatives of LFA may be compensated via a referral fee
agreement when clients of LFA are recommended and retained by its affiliate, Lauterbach,
Borschow & Company, P.C. for accounting services. LFA clients are under no obligation to retain
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Lauterbach, Borschow & Company, P.C. for accounting services. LFA is aware of the special
considerations promulgated under Section 206(4)-3 of the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 and
similar state regulations. Should LFA elect to compensate such persons, appropriate disclosure
shall be made, all written instruments will be maintained by LFA and all applicable Federal
and/or State laws will be observed.
Item 15 – Custody
Clients should receive at least quarterly statements from the broker dealer, bank or other
qualified custodian that holds and maintains client’s investment assets. LFA urges you to
carefully review such statements and compare such official custodial records to the account
statements that we may provide to you. Our statements may vary from custodial statements
based on accounting procedures, reporting dates, or valuation methodologies of certain
securities.
Item 16 – Investment Discretion
LFA requests that it be provided with written authority to determine which securities and the
amounts of securities that are bought or sold. Any limitations on this discretionary authority
shall be included in this written authority statement. Clients may change/amend these
limitations as required. Any limitations on this discretionary authority shall be provided in
writing.
When selecting securities and determining amounts, LFA observes the investment policies,
limitations and restrictions of the clients for which it advises. Investment guidelines and
restrictions must be provided to LFA in writing.
LFA may manage some accounts on a nondiscretionary basis.
For fixed income securities, this authority will include the discretion to retain a third party money
manager for fixed income accounts exceeding $400,000.
Item 17 – Voting Client Securities
Proxy Voting: As a matter of firm policy and practice, LFA does not accept the authority to and
does not vote proxies on behalf of advisory client. Clients retain the responsibility for receiving
and voting proxies for any and all securities maintained in client portfolios. Clients will receive
applicable proxies directly from the issuer of securities held in clients’ investment portfolios. LFA,
however, may provide advice to clients regarding the clients' voting of proxies.
Class Actions, Bankruptcies and Other Legal Proceedings: Clients should note that LFA will
neither advise nor act on behalf of the client in legal proceedings involving companies whose
securities are held or previously were held in the client’s account(s), including, but not limited to,
the filing of “Proofs of Claim” in class action settlements. If desired, clients may direct LFA to
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transmit copies of class action notices to the client or a third party. Upon such direction, LFA will
make commercially reasonable efforts to forward such notices in a timely manner.
Item 18 – Financial Information
Registered investment advisers are required in this Item to provide you with certain financial
information or disclosures about LFA’s financial condition. LFA has no financial commitment that
impairs its ability to meet contractual and fiduciary commitments to clients, and has not been
the subject of a bankruptcy proceeding.
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