Overview
Assets Under Management: $302 million
Headquarters: DALLAS, TX
High-Net-Worth Clients: 55
Average Client Assets: $6 million
Services Offered
Services: Financial Planning, Portfolio Management for Individuals, Investment Advisor Selection
Fee Structure
Primary Fee Schedule (LGT FA PART 2A BROCHURE)
| Min | Max | Marginal Fee Rate |
|---|---|---|
| $0 | $1,000,000 | 1.00% |
| $1,000,001 | $3,000,000 | 0.75% |
| $3,000,001 | $5,000,000 | 0.50% |
| $5,000,001 | and above | Negotiable |
Illustrative Fee Rates
| Total Assets | Annual Fees | Average Fee Rate |
|---|---|---|
| $1 million | $10,000 | 1.00% |
| $5 million | $35,000 | 0.70% |
| $10 million | Negotiable | Negotiable |
| $50 million | Negotiable | Negotiable |
| $100 million | Negotiable | Negotiable |
Clients
Number of High-Net-Worth Clients: 55
Percentage of Firm Assets Belonging to High-Net-Worth Clients: 84.32
Average High-Net-Worth Client Assets: $6 million
Total Client Accounts: 355
Discretionary Accounts: 355
Regulatory Filings
CRD Number: 111575
Last Filing Date: 2024-03-21 00:00:00
Website: https://vigilantllc.com
Form ADV Documents
Primary Brochure: LGT FA PART 2A BROCHURE (2025-07-18)
View Document Text
Item 1
Cover Page
LGT Financial Advisors LLC
Firm Brochure
Dated: July 1, 2025
Contact: Will S. Clark, Chief Compliance Officer
2626 Howell Street, Suite 700
Dallas, Texas 75204
www.lgt-fa.com
This brochure provides information about the qualifications and business practices of LGT Financial
Advisors LLC. If you have any questions about the contents of this brochure, please contact us at
(423) 271-0989 or wclark@vigilantllc.com. The information in this brochure has not been approved
or verified by the United States Securities and Exchange Commission or by any state securities
authority.
Additional information about LGT Financial Advisors LLC also is available on the SEC’s website at
www.adviserinfo.sec.gov.
References herein to LGT Financial Advisors LLC as a “registered investment adviser” or any
reference to being “registered” does not imply a certain level of skill or training.
Item 2
Material Changes
This section discusses material revisions to this Brochure since LGT Financial Advisors LLC’s last Annual
Amendment filing on March 26, 2025.
References to Fidelity have been replaced by Schwab throughout as the preferred custodial partner of LGT-
Financial Advisors LLC.
Non-material updates were made within this Brochure, so we urge prospective and current clients to read the
document in its entirety.
ANY QUESTIONS: LGT Financial Advisors’ Chief Compliance Officer, Will S. Clark,
remains available to address any questions that an existing or prospective client may have
regarding this Brochure.
Table of Contents
Item 3
Item 1
Cover Page .................................................................................................................................... 1
Item 2 Material Changes ........................................................................................................................... 2
Table of Contents .......................................................................................................................... 2
Item 3
Advisory Business ......................................................................................................................... 3
Item 4
Fees and Compensation ................................................................................................................. 7
Item 5
Performance-Based Fees and Side-by-Side Management ............................................................. 8
Item 6
Types of Clients ............................................................................................................................ 9
Item 7
Item 8 Methods of Analysis, Investment Strategies and Risk of Loss ..................................................... 9
Item 9
Disciplinary Information ............................................................................................................. 10
Item 10 Other Financial Industry Activities and Affiliations ................................................................... 10
Item 11 Code of Ethics, Participation or Interest in Client Transactions and Personal Trading ............... 11
Item 12 Brokerage Practices ..................................................................................................................... 11
Item 13 Review of Accounts .................................................................................................................... 13
Item 14 Client Referrals and Other Compensation ................................................................................... 14
Item 15 Custody ....................................................................................................................................... 14
Item 16
Investment Discretion.................................................................................................................. 14
Item 17 Voting Client Securities .............................................................................................................. 14
Financial Information .................................................................................................................. 15
Item 18
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Item 4
Advisory Business
A. LGT Financial Advisors LLC (the “Registrant”) is a limited liability company formed on
September 30, 1998, in the State of Texas. Registrant became registered as an Investment
Adviser Firm in May 2001. Registrant is principally owned by its Managing Member, Lane
Gorman Trubitt, LLC.
B. As discussed below, Registrant offers investment advisory services to its clients, and, to
the extent specifically requested by a client, financial planning, insurance transactions, and
related consulting services.
INVESTMENT ADVISORY SERVICES
The client can determine to engage Registrant to provide discretionary and/or non-
discretionary investment advisory services on a fee basis.
FINANCIAL PLANNING AND CONSULTING SERVICES (STAND-ALONE)
To the extent requested by a client, Registrant may provide financial planning and/or
consulting services (including investment and non-investment related matters, including
estate planning, insurance planning, etc.) on a stand-alone separate fee basis. Prior to
engaging Registrant to provide planning or consulting services, clients are generally
required to enter into a Financial Planning and Consulting Agreement with Registrant
setting forth the terms and conditions of the engagement (including termination),
describing the scope of the services to be provided, and the portion of the fee that is due
from the client prior to Registrant commencing services. If requested by the client,
Registrant may recommend the services of other professionals for implementation
purposes, including Registrant’s representatives in their individual capacities as
accountants and/or licensed insurance agents. (See disclosure at Item 10.A). The client is
under no obligation to engage the services of any such recommended professional. The
client retains absolute discretion over all such implementation decisions and is free to
accept or reject any recommendation from Registrant. Please Note: If the client engages
any such recommended professional, and a dispute arises thereafter relative to such
engagement, the client agrees to seek recourse exclusively from and against the engaged
professional. Please Also Note: It remains the client’s responsibility to promptly notify
Registrant if there is ever any change in their financial situation or investment objectives
for the purpose of reviewing/evaluating/revising Registrant’s previous recommendations
and/or services.
MISCELLANEOUS
Limitations of Financial Planning and Non-Investment Consulting/Implementation
Services. As indicated above, to the extent requested by the client, Registrant may provide
financial planning and related consulting services regarding non-investment related
matters, such as estate planning, tax planning, insurance, etc. Registrant does not serve as
a law firm or accounting firm, and no portion of its services should be construed as legal
or accounting services. Accordingly, Registrant does not prepare estate planning
documents or tax returns. To the extent requested by a client, Registrant may recommend
the services of other professionals for certain non-investment implementation purposes (i.e.,
attorneys, accountants, insurance agents, etc.), including representatives of Registrant in
their separate individual capacities as licensed insurance agents. The client is under no
obligation to engage the services of any such recommended professional. The client retains
absolute discretion over all such implementation decisions and is free to accept or reject
any recommendation from Registrant and/or its representatives. If the client engages any
recommended professional, and a dispute arises thereafter relative to such engagement, the
client agrees to seek recourse exclusively from and against the engaged professional. The
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recommendation by Registrant’s representative that a client purchase an insurance
commission product through Registrant’s representative in his/her separate and individual
capacity as an insurance agent, presents a conflict of interest, as the receipt of commissions
provides an incentive to recommend insurance products based on the additional
compensation to be received, rather than on a particular client’s need. No client is under
any obligation to purchase any insurance commission products through such a
representative. Clients are reminded that they may purchase insurance products
recommended by Registrant through other insurance agencies. Registrant’s Chief
Compliance Officer, Will S. Clark, remains available to address any questions that a client
or prospective client may have regarding the above conflict of interest.
Retirement Rollovers: A client or prospective client leaving an employer typically has
four options regarding an existing retirement plan (and may engage in a combination of
these options): (i) leave the money in the former employer’s plan, if permitted, (ii) roll over
the assets to the new employer’s plan, if one is available and rollovers are permitted, (iii)
roll over to an Individual Retirement Account (“IRA”), or (iv) cash out the account value
(which could, depending upon the client’s age, result in adverse tax consequences). When
Registrant provides rollover advice to a client or prospect regarding a retirement plan
account or individual retirement account, Registrant is acting as a fiduciary within the
meaning of Title I of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act and/or the Internal
Revenue Code, as applicable, which are laws governing retirement accounts. If Registrant
recommends that a client roll over their retirement plan assets or transfer an IRA into an
account to be managed by Registrant, and Registrant will earn an advisory fee on the rolled
over assets, that recommendation creates a conflict of interest. Accordingly, Registrant
operates under a special rule that requires Registrant to act in the client’s or prospect’s best
interest and not put the Firm’s interest ahead of the client’s or prospect’s. No client or
prospect is under any obligation to roll over retirement plan assets or transfer IRA assets
to an account managed by Registrant. LGT FA’s Chief Compliance Officer, Will S. Clark,
remains available to address any questions that a client or prospective client may have.
Non-Discretionary Service Limitations. Clients that decide to engage Registrant on a non-
discretionary investment advisory basis must be willing to accept that Registrant cannot
affect any account transactions without obtaining prior consent to such transaction(s) from
the client. Thus, in the event that Registrant would like to make a transaction for a client’s
account (including in the event of an individual holding or general market correction), and
the client is unavailable, the Registrant will be unable to effect the account transaction(s)
(as it would for its discretionary clients) without first obtaining the client’s consent.
Unaffiliated Private Investment Funds. Registrant, on a non-discretionary basis, may
also recommend that certain qualified clients consider an investment in unaffiliated private
investment funds. Registrant’s role relative to the private investment funds shall be limited
to its initial and ongoing due diligence and investment monitoring services. If a client
determines to become a private fund investor, the amount of assets invested in the fund(s)
shall be included as part of “assets under management” for purposes of Registrant
calculating its investment advisory fee. Registrant’s clients are under absolutely no
obligation to consider or make an investment in a private investment fund.
Private investment fund investments generally involve various risk factors, including, but
not limited to, potential for complete loss of principal, liquidity constraints and lack of
transparency, a complete discussion of which is set forth in each fund’s offering
documents, which will be provided to each client for review and consideration. Unlike
liquid investments that a client may own, private investment funds do not provide daily
liquidity or pricing. Each prospective client investor will be required to complete a
subscription agreement, pursuant to which the client shall establish that he/she is qualified
for investment in the fund, and acknowledges and accepts the various risk factors that are
associated with such an investment.
4
In the event that Registrant references private investment funds owned by the client on any
supplemental account reports prepared by Registrant, the value for all private investment
funds owned by the client will reflect the most recent valuation provided by the fund
sponsor. If no updated valuation is provided by the fund sponsor, then the valuation will
reflect the initial purchase price, or the most current value provided by the fund sponsor.
Any value reflected in an account report could be significantly more or less than the original
purchase price. The client’s advisory fee will be based upon the most recent value provided
by the fund sponsor or the initial purchase price.
Use of Mutual Funds and Exchange-Traded Funds. Most mutual funds and exchange-
traded funds are available directly to the public. A client or prospective client can obtain
the securities used by Registrant without engaging Registrant as an investment adviser.
However, if a client or prospective client determines to do so, they will not receive the
Registrant’s initial and ongoing investment advisory services.
Right Capital/Black Diamond Wealth Platforms. Registrant may provide its clients with
access to an online platform hosted by Right Capital and/or Black Diamond Wealth
Platform (“Black Diamond”). The platforms allow a client to view their complete asset
allocation, including those assets that Registrant does not manage (the “Excluded Assets”).
Registrant does not provide investment management, monitoring, or implementation
services for the Excluded Assets. Therefore, Registrant shall not be responsible for the
investment performance of the Excluded Assets. Rather, the client and/or their advisors that
maintain management authority for the Excluded Assets, and not Registrant, shall be
exclusively responsible for such investments, including their investment performance. The
client may choose to engage Registrant to manage some or all of the Excluded Assets
pursuant to the terms and conditions of an Investment Advisory Agreement between
Registrant and the client. Registrant shall not be held responsible for any adverse results a
client may experience if the client engages in financial planning or other functions available
on the platforms without Registrant’ assistance or oversight. Finally, Right Capital also
provides access to other types of information, including financial planning concepts, which
should not,
in any manner whatsoever, be construed as services, advice, or
recommendations provided by Registrant.
Separately Managed Account Programs. The Registrant may allocate (and/or
recommend that the client allocate) a portion of a client’s investment assets among
unaffiliated Separately Managed Account programs, including but not limited to Envestnet
and 55ip, and in accordance with the client’s designated investment objective(s). In such
situations, the Separately Managed Account manager shall have day-to-day responsibility
for the active discretionary management of the allocated assets. The Registrant shall
continue to render investment advisory services to the client relative to the ongoing
monitoring and review of account performance, asset allocation and client investment
objectives. Factors which the Registrant shall consider in recommending Separately
Managed Account programs include the client’s designated investment objective(s). The
Registrant will also consider each manager’s management style, performance, reputation,
financial strength, reporting capabilities, pricing, and research.
Sub-Advisory Arrangements. Registrant may engage sub-advisors for the purpose of
assisting Registrant with the management of its client accounts. The sub-advisor(s) shall
have discretionary authority for the day-to-day management of the assets that are allocated
to it by Registrant. The sub-advisor shall continue in such capacity until such arrangement
is terminated or modified by Registrant. Sub-advisors may be replaced and/or added at the
discretion of the Registrant without prior notice to the client. Registrant shall pay a portion
of the investment advisory fee received for these allocated assets to the sub-advisor for its
sub-advisory services. Registrant’s Chief Compliance Officer, Will S. Clark, remains
5
available to address any questions concerning Registrant’s sub-advisory arrangements.
situation
or
investment
objectives
for
the
purpose
Client Obligations. In performing its services, Registrant shall not be required to verify
any information received from the client or from the client’s other designated professionals,
and is expressly authorized to rely thereon. Moreover, each client is advised that it remains
their responsibility to promptly notify Registrant if there is ever any change in their
financial
of
reviewing/evaluating/revising Registrant’s previous recommendations and/or services.
C. Registrant shall provide investment advisory services specific to the needs of each client.
Prior to providing investment advisory services, an investment adviser representative will
ascertain each client’s investment objective(s). Thereafter, Registrant shall allocate and/or
recommend that the client allocate investment assets consistent with the designated
investment objective(s). The client may, at any time, impose reasonable restrictions, in
writing, on Registrant’s services.
D. Wrap/Managed Account programs: In the event that Registrant is engaged to provide
investment management services as part of an unaffiliated wrap-fee program, Registrant
will be unable to negotiate commissions and/or transaction costs. Under a wrap program,
the wrap program sponsor arranges for the investor participant to receive investment
advisory services, the execution of securities brokerage transactions, custody and reporting
services for a single specified fee. Participation in a wrap program may cost the participant
more or less than purchasing such services separately. In the event that Registrant is
engaged to provide investment management services as part of an unaffiliated managed
account program, Registrant will likewise be unable to negotiate commissions and/or
transaction costs. If the program is offered on a non-wrap basis, the program sponsor will
determine the broker-dealer through which transactions must be affected, and the amount
of transaction fees and/or commissions to be charged to the participant investor accounts.
Since the custodian/broker-dealer is determined by the program’s sponsor, Registrant will
be unable to negotiate commissions or transaction costs. As a result, clients may pay higher
commissions or other transaction costs or greater spreads, or receive less favorable net
prices on transactions for the account than would otherwise be the case through alternative
clearing arrangements recommended by Registrant. Higher transaction costs adversely
impact account performance. Registrant’s Chief Compliance Officer, Will S. Clark,
remains available to address any questions that a client may have regarding participation
in a wrap fee program.
E. As of December 31, 2024, Registrant had $359,307,704 in assets under management on a
discretionary basis.
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Item 5
Fees and Compensation
A.
INVESTMENT ADVISORY SERVICES
The fee schedule for our investment advisory services as of March 26, 2025, is as follows:
EQUITY, BOND AND BALANCED PORTFOLIOS (stock and bond)
Account Market Value
$0 - $1,000,000
$1,000,000 - $3,000,000
$3,000,000 - $5,000,000
$5,000,000+
Annual Fee as a %
of Market Value
1.00%
0.75%
0.50%
Negotiable
FINANCIAL PLANNING AND CONSULTING SERVICES (STAND-ALONE)
To the extent specifically requested by a client, Registrant may determine to provide
financial planning and/or consulting services (including investment and non-investment
related matters, including estate planning, insurance planning, etc.) on a stand-alone fee
basis. Registrant’s planning and consulting fees are negotiable, but generally range from
$3,000 to $20,000 on an annual fixed fee basis, and between $350 to $395 on an hourly
rate basis, depending upon the level and scope of the service(s) required and the
professional(s) rendering the service(s).
Information About Fees in General
The Registrant’s fee is negotiable, and it may agree to reduce, waive, or charge clients
alternative fee arrangements. These negotiations and decisions are driven by various
objective and subjective factors, including the representative assigned to the account, the
amount of assets to be invested, the complexity of the engagement, the anticipated number
of meetings and servicing needs of the client, related accounts, future earning capacity, and
anticipated future additional assets. As a result, similar clients could pay different fees,
which will affect a client’s net account performance. Moreover, the services to be provided
by the Registrant to any particular client could be available from other advisers at lower
fees. All clients and prospective clients should be guided accordingly. Upon request and
with our written approval, accounts that have a family or business relationship and are
subject to our standard Equity, Bond and Balanced Portfolios fee schedule are generally
aggregated with each other for purposes of calculating the applicable fee.
Since the inception of our business, we have had other fee schedules in effect, which may
provide for fees lower or higher than those shown above. Therefore, some of our clients
pay higher or lower fees than our current standard fee schedules. From time to time, we
negotiate fee schedules and minimum fees that vary from those discussed above.
Additionally, the Registrant may provide investment advisory services to certain of its
principals, employees, and their family members and friends without charge, or for fee rates
that are lower than the rates available to other clients.
7
B. Clients may elect to have Registrant’s advisory fees deducted from their custodial account.
Both Registrant's Investment Advisory Agreement and the custodial/clearing agreement
may authorize the custodian to debit the account for the amount of Registrant's investment
advisory fee and to directly remit that management fee to Registrant in compliance with
regulatory procedures. In the limited event that Registrant bills the client directly, payment
is due upon receipt of Registrant’s invoice. Registrant shall deduct fees and/or bill clients
quarterly in advance, based upon the market value of the assets on the last business day of
the previous quarter.
C. As discussed below, unless the client directs otherwise or an individual client’s
circumstances require, Registrant shall generally recommend that Charles Schwab & Co.
Inc. (collectively “Schwab”) serve as the broker-dealer/custodian for client investment
management assets. Broker-dealers such as Schwab charge brokerage commissions
and/or transaction fees for effecting certain securities transactions (i.e., transaction fees are
charged for certain no-load mutual funds, commissions are charged for individual equity
and fixed income securities transactions). From time to time, the Registrant and its
employees may recommend that certain clients enter into asset-based pricing arrangements
with a custodian. In those instances, the client would not pay for the cost of each transaction
but would instead pay an asset-based fee designed to cover the cost of transactions. The
Registrant only recommends them for accounts it expects to trade frequently, where it has
a reasonable belief that the asset-based fee will be more favorable than paying transaction
costs separately. The Registrant is not required to recommend or make this arrangement
available to every client. The Registrant periodically reviews these arrangements, but it
will not recommend that the client change their pricing arrangement, unless it determines
that the benefit to the client will outweigh the administrative cost of changing the account
relationship. In addition, there is no guarantee that a client will save fees and expenses by
entering into this arrangement.
Clients entering into an asset-based pricing arrangement will still incur a “trade away” fee
for each trade that the Registrant has executed by a different broker-dealer than a client’s
custodian. Because of this, in order to minimize clients’ trading costs, we generally execute
most trades for your account with the custodian of a client’s accounts.
In addition to Registrant’s investment management fee, brokerage commissions,
transaction fees, and custodial costs, clients will also incur expenses as shareholders or
investors in mutual funds, exchange traded funds and private funds (e.g., management fees
and other fund expenses).
D. Registrant's annual investment advisory fee shall be prorated and paid quarterly, in advance,
based upon the market value of the assets on the last business day of the previous quarter.
When calculating the client’s fee, the Registrant includes receivables outstanding as part of
the market value of a client’s assets, and the applicable fee paid to the Registrant will likely
be higher as a result.
The Investment Advisory Agreement between Registrant and the client will continue in
effect until terminated by either party by written notice in accordance with the terms of the
Investment Advisory Agreement. Upon termination, Registrant shall refund a prorated
portion of any advanced advisory fee paid based upon the number of days remaining in the
billing quarter.
Item 6
Performance-Based Fees and Side-by-Side Management
Neither Registrant, nor any supervised person of Registrant, accepts performance-based
8
fees.
Item 7
Types of Clients
Registrant’s clients generally include individuals, pension & profit sharing plans, and
charitable organizations, although the Registrant has various different types of clients.
Item 8
Methods of Analysis, Investment Strategies and Risk of Loss
A. Registrant may utilize the following methods of security analysis:
• Fundamental - analysis performed on historical and present data, with the goal of
making financial forecasts
• Technical – analysis performed on historical and present data, focusing on price
and trade volume, to forecast the direction of prices
• Cyclical – analysis performed on historical relationships between price and market
trends, to forecast the direction of prices
Registrant may utilize the following investment strategies when implementing investment
advice given to clients:
• Long Term Purchases (securities held at least a year)
• Short Term Purchases (securities sold within a year)
• Trading (securities sold within thirty (30) days)
Investment Risk. Different types of investments involve varying degrees of risk, and it
should not be assumed that future performance of any specific investment or investment
strategy (including the investments and/or investment strategies recommended or
undertaken by Registrant) will be profitable or equal any specific performance level(s).
Registrant’s methods of analysis and investment strategies do not present any significant
or unusual risks. However, every method of analysis has its own inherent risks. To perform
an accurate market analysis, Registrant must have access to current/new market information.
Registrant has no control over the dissemination rate of market information; therefore,
unbeknownst to Registrant, certain analyses may be compiled with outdated market
information, severely limiting the value of Registrant’s analysis. Furthermore, an accurate
market analysis can only produce a forecast of the direction of market values. There can be
no assurances that a forecasted change in market value will materialize into actionable
and/or profitable investment opportunities.
Registrant’s primary investment strategies - Long Term Purchases, Short Term Purchases,
and Trading - are fundamental investment strategies. However, every investment strategy
has its own inherent risks and limitations. For example, longer term investment strategies
require a longer investment time period to allow for the strategy to potentially develop.
Shorter term investment strategies require a shorter investment time period to potentially
develop but, as a result of more frequent trading, may incur higher transactional costs when
compared to a longer-term investment strategy. Trading, an investment strategy that
requires the purchase and sale of securities within a thirty (30) day investment time period,
involves a very short investment time period but will incur higher transaction costs when
compared to a short-term investment strategy and substantially higher transaction costs
than a longer-term investment strategy.
B. Currently, Registrant primarily allocates (or recommends that the client allocate) client
investment assets among various individual equity (stocks), debt (bonds), mutual funds,
exchange traded funds, real estate investment trusts, private placements, and/or options on
9
a discretionary basis, and among independent managers, on a non-discretionary basis, in
accordance with the client’s designated investment objective(s).
Item 9
Disciplinary Information
Registrant has not been the subject of any disciplinary actions.
Item 10
Other Financial Industry Activities and Affiliations
A. Accounting Firm. Registrant’s representatives are employed by Lane Gorman Trubitt,
LLC (LGT), an accounting firm. Certain of registrant’s representatives are Certified
Financial Planners. All overhead and salary expenses are shared with LGT. Registrant
reimburses LGT for all direct expenses incurred on behalf of Registrant as well as an agreed
amount for indirect expenses, such as salaries, rent, supplies, and other costs. Registrant’s
clients in need of accounting services may be referred to LGT, for which client would pay
separate and typical compensation. Similarly, accounting clients may be referred to
Registrant for investment advisory services. Specifically, to the extent that LGT provides
accounting services to any clients, including clients of Registrant, all such services shall be
performed by LGT, independent of Registrant, for which services Registrant’s
representatives could receive a portion of the fees charged by LGT, as part of a referral
arrangement. LGT maintains an ownership interest in Registrant. These referral
arrangements and commonality of ownership present conflicts of interest when the
recommendations would result in the receipt of additional compensation by either entity.
Common employees of both Registrant and LGT that have an ownership interest have a
further conflict of interest, if their recommendations would result in increases to their
individual compensation. We mitigate this conflict of interest by disclosing it to clients and
reminding them that no client is obligated to use LGT for accounting services. LGT is not
involved in providing investment advice on behalf of Registrant, nor does LGT hold itself
out as providing advisory services on behalf of Registrant. Registrant’s Chief Compliance
Officer, Will S. Clark, remains available to address any questions that a client or
prospective client may have regarding the above conflict of interest.
Licensed Insurance Agency/Agents. LGT Insurance Services, Inc. is an affiliated
licensed insurance company. Also, certain of Registrant’s representatives, in their
individual capacities, are licensed insurance agents, and may recommend the purchase of
certain insurance-related products on a commission basis. As referenced in Item 4.B above,
clients can engage certain of Registrant’s representatives to affect insurance transactions
on a commission basis.
The recommendation by the Registrant or certain of its representatives that a client
purchase an insurance commission product presents a conflict of interest, as the receipt of
commissions may provide an incentive to recommend investment products based on
commissions to be received, rather than on a particular client’s need. No client is under any
obligation to purchase any commission products from Registrant’s representatives. Clients
are reminded that they may purchase insurance products recommended by Registrant
through other, non-affiliated insurance agencies and/or insurance agents. Registrant’s
Chief Compliance Officer, Will S. Clark, remains available to address any questions that a
client or prospective client may have regarding the above conflict of interest.
B. The Registrant does not receive, directly or indirectly, compensation from investment
advisers that it recommends or selects for its clients.
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Item 11
Code of Ethics, Participation or Interest in Client Transactions and
Personal Trading
A. Registrant maintains an investment policy relative to personal securities transactions. This
investment policy is part of Registrant’s overall Code of Ethics, which serves to establish
a standard of business conduct for all of Registrant’s representatives that is based upon
fundamental principles of openness, integrity, honesty and trust, a copy of which is
available upon request.
In accordance with Section 204A of the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, Registrant also
maintains and enforces written policies reasonably designed to prevent the misuse of
material non-public information by Registrant or any person associated with Registrant.
B. Neither Registrant nor any related person of Registrant recommends, buys, or sells for
client accounts, securities in which Registrant or any related person of Registrant has a
material financial interest, except as disclosed above in Items 4 and 5 with respect to
investments in unaffiliated investment funds.
C. Registrant and/or representatives of Registrant may buy or sell securities that are also
recommended to clients. This practice may create a situation where Registrant and/or
representatives of the Registrant are in a position to materially benefit from the sale or
purchase of those securities. Therefore, this situation creates a conflict of interest. Practices
such as “scalping” (i.e., a practice whereby the owner of shares of a security recommends
that security for investment and then immediately sells it at a profit upon the rise in the
market price which follows the recommendation) could take place if Registrant did not
have adequate policies in place to detect such activities. In addition, this requirement can
help detect insider trading, “front-running” (i.e., personal trades executed prior to those of
Registrant’s clients) and other potentially abusive practices.
Registrant has a personal securities transaction policy in place to monitor the personal
securities transactions and securities holdings of each of Registrant’s “Access Persons.”
Registrant’s securities transaction policy requires that an Access Person of Registrant must
provide the Chief Compliance Officer or his/her designee with a written report of their
current securities holdings within ten (10) days after becoming an Access Person.
Additionally, each Access Person must provide the Chief Compliance Officer or his/her
designee with a written report of the Access Person’s current securities holdings at least
once each twelve (12) month period thereafter on a date Registrant selects.
D. Registrant and/or representatives of Registrant may buy or sell securities, at or around the
same time as those securities are recommended to clients. This practice creates a situation
where Registrant and/or representatives of the Registrant are in a position to materially
benefit from the sale or purchase of those securities. Therefore, this situation creates a
conflict of interest. As indicated above in Item 11.C, Registrant has a personal securities
transaction policy in place to monitor the personal securities transaction and securities
holdings of each of Registrant’s Access Persons.
Item 12
Brokerage Practices
A. In the event that the client requests that Registrant recommend a broker-dealer/custodian
for execution and/or custodial services (exclusive of those clients that may direct Registrant
to use a specific broker-dealer/custodian), Registrant generally recommends that
investment management accounts be maintained at Schwab. Prior to engaging Registrant to
provide investment management services, the client will be required to enter into a formal
Investment Advisory Agreement with Registrant setting forth the terms and conditions under
which Registrant shall manage the client's assets, and a separate custodial/clearing
agreement with each designated broker-dealer/custodian.
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Factors that Registrant considers in recommending Schwab (or any other broker-
dealer/custodian to clients) include historical relationship with Registrant, financial
strength, reputation, execution capabilities, pricing, research, and service. Although the
commissions and/or transaction fees paid by Registrant's clients shall comply with
Registrant's duty to obtain best execution, a client may pay a commission that is higher
than another qualified broker-dealer might charge to effect the same transaction where
Registrant determines, in good faith, that the commission/transaction fee is reasonable in
relation to the value of the brokerage and research services received. In seeking best
execution, the determinative factor is not the lowest possible cost, but whether the
transaction represents the best qualitative execution, taking into consideration the full range
of a broker-dealer’s services, including the value of research provided, execution
capability, commission rates, and responsiveness. Accordingly, although Registrant will
seek competitive rates, it may not necessarily obtain the lowest possible commission rates
for client account transactions. The brokerage commissions or transaction fees charged by
the designated broker-dealer/custodian are exclusive of, and in addition to, Registrant's
investment management fee. Registrant’s best execution responsibility is qualified if
securities that it purchases for client accounts are mutual funds that trade at net asset value
as determined at the daily market close.
1. Research and Additional Benefits
Although not a material consideration when determining whether to recommend that a
client utilize the services of a particular broker-dealer/custodian, Registrant may
receive from Schwab (or another broker-dealer/custodian, investment platform,
unaffiliated investment manager, mutual fund sponsor, or vendor) without cost (and/or
at a discount) support services and/or products, certain of which assist Registrant to
better monitor and service client accounts maintained at such institutions. Included
within the support services that may be obtained by Registrant may be investment-
related research, pricing information and market data, software and other technology
that provide access to client account data, compliance and/or practice management-
related publications, discounted or gratis consulting services, discounted and/or gratis
attendance at conferences, meetings, and other educational and/or social events,
marketing support, computer hardware and/or software and/or other products used by
Registrant in furtherance of its investment advisory business operations.
As indicated above, certain of the support services and/or products that may be received
may assist Registrant in managing and administering client accounts. Others do not
directly provide such assistance, but rather assist Registrant to manage and further
develop its business enterprise.
Registrant’s clients do not pay more for investment transactions effected and/or assets
maintained at Schwab as a result of this arrangement. There is no corresponding
commitment made by Registrant to Schwab or any other entity to invest any specific
amount or percentage of client assets in any specific mutual funds, securities, or other
investment products as a result of the above arrangement.
2. Registrant does not receive referrals from broker-dealers.
3. Registrant does not generally accept directed brokerage arrangements (when a client
requires that account transactions be affected through a specific broker-dealer). In such
client directed arrangements, the client will negotiate terms and arrangements for their
account with that broker-dealer, and Registrant will not seek better execution services
or prices from other broker-dealers or be able to “batch” the client's transactions for
execution through other broker-dealers with orders for other accounts managed by
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Registrant. As a result, client may pay higher commissions or other transaction costs
or greater spreads, or receive less favorable net prices, on transactions for the account
than would otherwise be the case.
In the event that the client directs Registrant to effect securities transactions for the
client's accounts through a specific broker-dealer, the client correspondingly
acknowledges that such direction may cause the accounts to incur higher commissions
or transaction costs than the accounts would otherwise incur had the client determined
to effect account transactions through alternative clearing arrangements that may be
available through Registrant. Higher transaction costs adversely impact account
performance. Please Also Note: Transactions for directed accounts will generally be
executed following the execution of portfolio transactions for non-directed accounts.
Registrant’s Chief Compliance Officer, Will S. Clark, remains available to address any
questions that a client or prospective client may have regarding the above arrangement.
B. To the extent that Registrant provides investment management services to its clients, the
transactions for each client account generally will be affected independently, unless
Registrant decides to purchase or sell the same securities for several clients at
approximately the same time. Registrant may (but is not obligated to) combine or “bunch”
such orders to obtain best execution, to negotiate more favorable commission rates or to
allocate equitably among Registrant’s client’s differences in prices and commissions or
other transaction costs that might have been obtained had such orders been placed
independently. Under this procedure, transactions will be averaged as to price and will be
allocated among clients in proportion to the purchase and sale orders placed for each client
account on any given day. Registrant shall not receive any additional compensation or
remuneration as a result of such aggregation.
Item 13
Review of Accounts
A. For those clients to whom Registrant provides investment supervisory services, account
reviews are conducted on an ongoing basis by Registrant's Principals and/or
representatives. All investment supervisory clients are advised that it remains their
responsibility to advise Registrant of any changes in their investment objectives and/or
financial situation. All clients (either in person, by telephone, or virtually) are encouraged
to review financial planning issues (to the extent applicable), investment objectives and
account performance with Registrant on an annual basis.
B. Registrant may conduct account reviews on an other than periodic basis upon the
occurrence of a triggering event, such as a change in client investment objectives and/or
financial situation, market corrections and client request.
C. Clients are provided, at least quarterly, with written transaction confirmation notices and
regular written summary account statements directly from the broker-dealer/custodian
and/or program sponsor for the client accounts. Upon request, the Registrant will provide
a written periodic report summarizing account activity and performance.
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Item 14
Client Referrals and Other Compensation
A. Registrant, without cost (and/or at a discount), receives support services and/or products
from Schwab.
Registrant’s clients do not pay more for investment transactions effected and/or assets
maintained at Schwab as a result of this arrangement. There is no corresponding
commitment made by Registrant to Schwab or any other entity to invest any specific amount
or percentage of client assets in any specific mutual funds, securities, or other investment
products because of the above arrangement. Registrant’s Chief Compliance Officer, Will
S. Clark, remains available to address any questions that a client or prospective client may
have regarding the above arrangement and the conflict of interest such arrangement creates.
B. Registrant has arrangements to compensate third parties for the referral of certain clients.
Clients who have been referred subject to any such referral arrangements will have received
disclosure at the start of the advisory relationship detailing the fees paid to the referring
third party. The payment of such fees does not increase the fees that clients pay to
Registrant.
Item 15
Custody
Registrant shall have the ability to have its advisory fee for each client debited by the
custodian. Clients are provided, at least quarterly, with written transaction confirmation
notices and regular written summary account statements directly from the broker-
dealer/custodian and/or program sponsor for the client accounts. Upon request, the
Registrant will provide a written periodic report summarizing account activity and
performance.
To the extent that Registrant provides clients with periodic account statements or reports,
the client is urged to compare any statement or report provided by Registrant with the
account statements received from the account custodian. Please Also Note: The account
custodian does not verify the accuracy of Registrant’s advisory fee calculation.
Item 16
Investment Discretion
The client can determine to engage Registrant to provide investment advisory services on
a discretionary basis. Prior to Registrant assuming discretionary authority over a client’s
account, client shall be required to execute an Investment Advisory Agreement, naming
Registrant as client’s attorney and agent in fact, granting Registrant full authority to buy,
sell, or otherwise effect investment transactions involving the assets in the client’s name
found in the discretionary account.
Clients who engage Registrant on a discretionary basis may, at any time, impose
restrictions, in writing, on Registrant’s discretionary authority (i.e. limit the types/amounts
of particular securities purchased for their account, exclude the ability to purchase
securities with an inverse relationship to the market, limit or proscribe Registrant’s use of
margin, etc.).
Item 17
Voting Client Securities
A. Registrant does not vote client proxies. Clients maintain exclusive responsibility for: (1)
directing the manner in which proxies solicited by issuers of securities beneficially owned
by the client shall be voted, and (2) making all elections relative to any mergers,
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acquisitions, tender offers, bankruptcy proceedings or other type events pertaining to the
client’s investment assets.
B. Clients will receive their proxies or other solicitations directly from their custodian.
Clients may contact Registrant to discuss any questions they may have with a particular
solicitation.
Item 18
Financial Information
A. Registrant is unaware of any financial condition that is reasonably likely to impair its ability
to meet its contractual commitments relating to its discretionary authority over certain client
accounts.
B. Registrant has not been the subject of a bankruptcy petition.
ANY QUESTIONS: Registrant’s Chief Compliance Officer, Will S. Clark, remains available to
address any questions that a client or prospective client may have regarding the above disclosures
and arrangements.
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