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Morningstar Investment Management LLC Form ADV Part 2A: Firm Brochure
Morningstar Wealth Advisory Services
the close of the trading day and equity Strategy recommendations based off
a trade rotation.
22 West Washington Street, Chicago, IL 60602
Phone: 312.696.6000
www.corporate.morningstar.com
In March 2025, the following non-material changes were made:
November 10, 2025
Investment Services, anticipates
the cessation of
at
312.696.6000
send
an
email
This brochure provides information about the qualifications and
business practices of Morningstar Investment Management LLC. If you
have any questions about the contents of this brochure, please contact
to
or
us
compliancemail@morningstar.com. The information in this brochure
has not been approved or verified by the United States Securities and
Exchange Commission (“SEC”) or by any state securities authority.
As applicable throughout the Firm Brochure, we noted that our subsidiary,
Morningstar
its
discretionary advisory services by the end of the second quarter of 2025.
Morningstar Investment Management will become the investment adviser to
many of Morningstar Investment Services’ third-party financial institution
clients. At the time of this change, trade recommendations for Morningstar
Wealth portfolios will be communicated to non-discretionary clients after the
close of the trading day and Morningstar-affiliated accounts in Morningstar
Wealth strategies will be traded the next day so that no one person has an
advantage over another.
Additional information about Morningstar Investment Management LLC
is available on the SEC’s website at www.adviserinfo.sec.gov.
Item 4. Advisory Business was updated to reflect our assets under
management and advisement as of December 31, 2024.
Morningstar Investment Management LLC is registered with the SEC as
a registered investment adviser. Registration with the SEC does not
imply a certain level of skill or training. Please retain this brochure for
future reference.
Iten 4. Advisory Business, Item 5. Fees and Compensation, and Item 8.
Methods of Analysis, Investment Strategies, and Risk of Loss were updated to
add information about a previously offered service we are bringing back,
Select Lists. Information on the Investment Analytics, Monitoring and
Comparative Analysis Reports service has been removed.
Item 5. Fees and Compensation was also updated to include information
about marketing, distribution, and educational support and third-party
compensation arrangements we have with institutional clients.
All current versions of our firm brochures are available in the Part 2 Brochures
section of this record on the SEC’s website. You can also request a copy of our
current brochure free of charge by contacting our Compliance Department
at 312.696.6000, or by email to compliancemail@morningstar.com. In your
request, please indicate the name of the company (Morningstar Investment
Management) and the service brochure(s) (Morningstar Wealth Advisory
Services, Morningstar Retirement Advisory Services for Individuals, or
Morningstar Retirement Institutional Advisory Services) you are requesting.
Item 8. Methods of Analysis, Investment Strategies, and Risk of Loss was also
updated to provide information about valuation, sub-advisers, and the
prospectus risks for the Morningstar Funds Trust and to remove risks for
securities that are not applicable to the services being offered.
Item 10. Other Financial Activities and Affiliations was updated to disclose an
investment in SMArtX.
Item 2. Material Changes
This Morningstar Wealth Advisory Services Firm Brochure dated November
2025 contains the following changes since out last annual update dated
March 27, 2025.
Item 14. Client Referrals and Other Compensation was updated to disclose
that we receive compensation from unaffiliated third parties for referring
their services to other advisory firms or investors and note we provide
compensation to institutional clients to provide marketing or educational
support to their financial professionals and to sponsor meetings and events
for their clients.
Throughout the Firm Brochure, we removed references to Morningstar
Investment Services’ discretionary advisory services and instances where
Morningstar Investment Services offered strategies to third-party financial
institution clients as these services have since ceased.
We made other edits where necessary to correct grammar or punctuation, to
provide clarification or further information, for consistency in terminology or
content, or to improve the readability of the brochure.
Item 4. Advisory Business, Item 5. Fees and Compensation, and Item 8.
Methods of Analysis, Investment Strategies, and Risk of Loss were updated to
include Morningstar Managed Plan Solutions, an offering that provides
proprietary model investment strategies, risk tolerance questionnaire,
investment policy statement and investment lineup assistance for plan
sponsors and their plan participants,
Item 10. Other Financial Industry Activities and Affiliations and Item 11. Code
of Ethics, Participation or Interest in Client Transactions and Personal Trading
were updated to include the mitigation of any perceived conflict of interest
associated with seed and Morningstar-affiliated accounts by communicating
our mutual fund and exchange-traded fund Strategy recommendations after
©2025 Morningstar Investment Management LLC. All Rights Reserved. The Morningstar name and logo are registered marks of Morningstar,
Inc.
Page 2 of 18
insurance companies,
investment advisers,
institutions such as asset management firms, banks, broker/dealers,
consultants,
investment
fiduciaries, plan sponsors of retirement plans, plan providers of retirement
plan services, trusts, and other business entities (“Morningstar Retirement
Institutional Advisory Services”) by following the instructions above.
Advisory Services We Offer – Overview
Morningstar Wealth and Morningstar Retirement are groups within
Morningstar Investment Management that independently offer certain
advisory products and services. These investment advisory services focus on
our core capabilities in asset allocation, investment selection, and portfolio
construction to retail or institutional clients. Institutional clients include, but
are not limited to, asset management firms, banks, broker/dealers,
consultants, endowments, foundations, insurance companies, investment
advisers, investment fiduciaries, plan sponsors of retirement plans, providers
of retirement plan services, trusts, and other business entities.
Item 3. Table of Contents
Advisory Business................................................................................................................... 2
Fees and Compensation ...................................................................................................... 4
Performance Based Fees and Side-by-Side Management ................................... 6
Types of Clients ....................................................................................................................... 6
Methods of Analysis, Investment Strategies, and Risk of Loss ........................... 6
Disciplinary Information .................................................................................................... 13
Other Financial Industry Activities and Affiliations ............................................... 13
Code of Ethics, Participation or Interest in Client Transactions and
Personal Trading ................................................................................................................... 16
Brokerage Practices ............................................................................................................. 16
Review of Accounts .............................................................................................................. 17
Client Referrals and Other Compensation ................................................................. 17
Custody ..................................................................................................................................... 17
Investment Discretion ......................................................................................................... 17
Voting Client Securities ...................................................................................................... 18
Financial Information ......................................................................................................... 18
investment strategies
to
The Morningstar Wealth unit within Morningstar Investment Management
offers:
•
•
that was
incorporated
in 1999. Morningstar
•
is a wholly owned subsidiary of Morningstar,
investment strategies,
risk
•
Item 4. Advisory Business
Firm Information
Morningstar Investment Management LLC is a Delaware limited liability
Investment
company
Management
Inc.
(“Morningstar”). Morningstar is a publicly traded company (Nasdaq Ticker:
MORN) with Mr. Joseph Mansueto, Executive Chairman of Morningstar,
holding more than 35% of Morningstar’s outstanding shares. Because of that
ownership, Mr. Mansueto is an indirect owner of Morningstar Investment
Management.
•
•
Institutional asset management,
Proprietary model
third-party
institutional clients on a non-discretionary basis as a strategist,
Seed accounts managed on a discretionary basis in accordance
with its proprietary model investment strategies,
Proprietary model
tolerance
questionnaire, investment policy statement and investment
lineup assistance for plan sponsors and their plan participants
(Morningstar Managed Plan Solutions),
Recommendations of other investment advisers or platforms that
offer our model investment strategies to retail investors, and
Asset allocation, capital market assumptions, and other advisory
services to institutional clients.
Morningstar Investment Management is registered with the SEC under
Section 203(c) of the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended (“Advisers
Act”). Morningstar Investment Management has filed the appropriate notices
to conduct business in all 50 states, the District of Columbia, Guam, the Virgin
Islands, and the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico. Morningstar Investment
Management is registered with the U.S. Commodity Futures Trading
Commission as a Commodity Pool Operator (“CPO”) and is a member of the
U.S. National Futures Association.
Morningstar Investment Management, along with other Morningstar
subsidiaries authorized in appropriate jurisdictions to provide investment
management and advisory services, is part of a global investment team
composed of investment analysts, portfolio managers, and other investment
professionals. These investment and operations teams span the globe, with
primary offices in Chicago, London, and Sydney.
Institutional Asset Management
For Institutional Clients who sponsor registered or pooled investment
products, we serve as a portfolio manager, portfolio construction adviser, or
sub-adviser. We provide recommendations for asset class allocation targets
and/or selection of underlying holdings to fulfill each asset class allocation
target. Underlying holdings may include, but are not limited to, open-end
mutual funds, exchange-traded funds (“ETFs”), and collective investment
trusts. The universe of underlying holdings is generally defined by the
Institutional Client and can include investment products that are affiliated
with that Institutional Client. This service typically includes ongoing
responsibilities such as monitoring the underlying holdings and reviewing
and updating asset allocation percentages and/or underlying holdings as
necessary.
Morningstar Investment Management is composed of two units that are
organizationally and functionally segregated from each other – Morningstar
Wealth and Morningstar Retirement. Each unit retains discretion over the
assets it manages, has a separate and distinct investment process, and is
held out to the public as separate from the other.
We are an investment adviser to Morningstar Funds Trust, registered with
the SEC as an open-end management investment company under the
Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended. We have overall supervisory
responsibility for the general management and investment of the fund
portfolios within the Morningstar Funds Trust (“Morningstar Funds”), which
are managed in a multimanager structure. Subject to the review and
approval by the Morningstar Funds Trust’s board, we set each Morningstar
Fund’s overall investment strategy. We are also responsible for the oversight
and evaluation of each Morningstar Fund’s sub-advisers. The Morningstar
Funds will be used as the underlying holdings for certain model portfolios,
most notably mutual fund model portfolios, offered by Morningstar
This brochure focuses on the products and services we provide to retail and
institutional Morningstar Wealth clients. You can obtain a copy of our
Morningstar Retirement brochure describing our products and services for
individuals (managed accounts, advice, and personal target-date fund
services for retirement investors, “Morningstar Retirement Advisory Services
for Individuals”) or products and services in our core capabilities of asset
allocation, investment selection, and portfolio construction that we offer to
©2025 Morningstar Investment Management LLC. All Rights Reserved. The Morningstar name and logo are registered marks of Morningstar, Inc.
Page 3 of 18
Morningstar Managed Plan Solutions
The Morningstar Managed Plan Solutions services (“MPS Services”) are
designed to help employers who are responsible for establishing and
maintaining their company’s defined contribution or other retirement plan
(the “Plan Sponsor”) and the participants enrolled in the plan (“Participants”).
Features within MPS Services are as follows:
Investment Management. The Morningstar Funds include the Morningstar
Alternatives Fund, Morningstar Defensive Bond Fund, Morningstar Global
Income Fund, Morningstar
International Equity Fund, Morningstar
Multisector Bond Fund, Morningstar Municipal Bond Fund, Morningstar
Total Return Bond Fund, Morningstar U.S. Equity Fund, and the Morningstar
Global Opportunistic Equity Fund. More information about the Morningstar
Funds is at http://connect.rightprospectus.com/Morningstar.
Model Asset Allocation Portfolios: We offer model asset allocation portfolios
covering various risk levels (e.g., conservative, aggressive, etc.) (each a “MPS
Portfolio,” collectively, “MPS Portfolios”). The Asset Allocation series is
designed to provide broad diversification, distinctive, independent research,
and progressive risk management in core portfolios that span the risk
spectrum. This strategy invests primarily in diversified investments in
domestic and international equity mutual funds and/or exchange-traded
funds (ETFs) available through the plan or the plan’s recordkeeping provider.
The goal of MPS Portfolios is to provide the Participant with the ability to
invest their plan account assets in a diversified manner.
Model Investment Strategies and Seed Accounts
For institutional clients who offer a proprietary advisory program, or a
platform that makes investment strategies available for use by other financial
institutions, we create model investment strategies (collectively, “Strategies”)
for use through such programs or platforms. The Strategies are typically
designed for use by a financial professional with their retail investor clients,
and can include risk- or target date-based asset allocation portfolios,
portfolios designed to address a certain financial planning need or goal, or
relatively focused stock or bond portfolios. We generally provide sales and
marketing support on behalf of the institutional client by educating financial
professionals who use the program or platform about the strategies we
provide.
Risk Tolerance Questionnaire: We make available to Participants a risk toler-
ance questionnaire. The questionnaire’s sole purpose
is to provide
Participants with general assistance in terms of identifying their risk
tolerance and investment objectives and, based on this, which model asset
allocation portfolio is most aligned with that risk tolerance/investment
objective.
In providing this service, we act as a non-discretionary model manager. We
select and monitor the asset allocation and underlying holdings of each
Strategy based on a universe of investments typically defined by the
institutional client. In general, we provide ongoing monitoring of the
Strategies, along with rebalancing and reallocating recommendations. The
investor’s financial professional or the investor is responsible for suitability,
choice of custodian, and other services related to investing in a Strategy. The
institutional client or the financial professional using the advisory program
or platform has the full and sole discretion over their client accounts invested
in a Strategy and has the ability to deviate from our Strategy by including all
or a portion of our recommendations and/or supplement or modify our
investment recommendations.
Investment Policy Statement: We provide Plan Sponsors with tools to help
them develop an Investment Policy Statement (“IPS”). The purpose of the IPS
is to provide guidelines for the investment and management of assets held
for the benefit of Participants and beneficiaries of the plan. The primary
intent of the IPS is to:
• Establish a framework for structuring a retirement savings program for
plan Participants by making available diversified investment options
that support a range of long-term needs, goals and risk tolerances.
• Provide Participants with investment options which, when prudently
used, will diversify portfolio risks and better accommodate the range of
risk/return preferences they may have.
• Establish careful procedures for monitoring and evaluating the
performance of the investment options within the plan.
• Describe the investment process used to select the plan’s investment
We also maintain seed and other Morningstar-affiliated accounts of our
Strategies in which we act as a discretionary investment manager. The seed
accounts are maintained to provide an indication of the performance of each
Strategy while the Morningstar-affiliated accounts are used with the
Morningstar Newsletters product.
options and the asset allocation portfolios available in the plan.
• Describe the roles and responsibilities of the various parties that may be
involved in the oversight of plan investment activities.
We offer a broad array of multi-asset and equity Strategies designed to play
investors. Our multi-asset Strategies range from
varying roles for
conservative to aggressive, and are comprised of mutual funds, ETFs, or a
combination of the two. In addition to broad, widely diversified Strategies that
can function as the “core” portion of an investor’s financial strategy, we also
manage more targeted Strategy options. Our equity Strategies are generally
concentrated portfolios of stocks chosen based upon their valuation and
fundamental characteristics. We also have a lineup of index-based portfolios
which can incorporate individual needs and preferences.
Plan’s Investment Lineup: Additionally, we assist Plan Sponsors in deter-
mining the mutual funds and/or ETFs available under a plan (each a “Fund”,
collectively the “Funds”). We do this as a 3(38) “investment manager” (as
defined under the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as
amended) through a platform provider. These services include the selection
of securities which are then used to create MPS Portfolios. We rebalance the
security weightings in MPS Portfolios and remove and replace securities as
we deem necessary. We determine appropriate Funds primarily through the
use of a proprietary fund rating system that is based on key factors. Such key
factors are defined in the Methods of Analysis, Investment Strategies and
Risk of Loss section of this brochure.
The Strategies, most notably those utilizing mutual funds, may have
underlying holdings that include one or more of the Morningstar Funds. The
Morningstar Funds became accessible through certain Strategies in
November 2018. Each Morningstar Funds’ summary prospectus, prospectus,
statement of additional information (‘SAI”), and other regulatory filings are
available at http://connect.rightprospectus.com/Morningstar.
Select Lists
We work with institutional clients to analyze an investment universe they
define and create a subset or “select list” of investments that meet specific
©2025 Morningstar Investment Management LLC. All Rights Reserved. The Morningstar name and logo are registered marks of Morningstar, Inc.
Page 4 of 18
account administrative fees that are in addition to the institutional client’s
fees described in their account opening documents. Clearing Fee details can
be requested from the client’s Custodian.
criteria, including the institutional client’s proprietary requirements. A select
list is typically used by the institutional client’s financial professionals when
working with their clients to put together an investment strategy. Each select
list is derived through a combination of quantitative screens and qualitative
analysis, resulting in a menu of investments under various asset categories.
Typically, we provide ongoing monitoring of those investments within the
select list to help ensure that the investment options initially selected for the
select list continue to satisfy the criteria that led to their initial selection. This
service may be provided by a sub-adviser, Morningstar Research Services
LLC, who is affiliated with us.
Asset Allocation Services
We provide Institutional Clients and their financial representatives tools for
identifying their clients’ investment goals and risk tolerance (such as risk
tolerance questionnaires), and a mechanism to match those goals and risks
with an appropriate asset allocation strategy. Asset allocation services are
typically used by our Institutional Clients in their investment products, wrap
programs, variable annuity asset allocation programs, or similar programs.
If included in an agreement with an Institutional Client, asset allocation
models are periodically reviewed and adjusted as needed. We may provide
Institutional Clients with rebalancing triggers and recommendations on
when the allocations for asset classes should be revisited or adjusted.
Recommendations of Other Investment Advisers or Platforms
As noted above, we provide our Strategies to institutional clients who offer a
proprietary advisory program or a platform that makes investment strategies
available for use by other financial institutions. For institutional clients who
have entered into a promoter agreement with us, we will recommend to
certain retail investors or financial advisors that they access our Strategies
through these institutional clients. We assist the investor in determining the
suitability of a Strategy, choice of custodian, and other services related to
investing in a Strategy. The institutional client has discretion over client
accounts invested in a Strategy and has the ability to deviate from our
Strategy. We are incentivized to recommend institutional clients that offer our
Strategies as the institutional client pays us a licensing fee for use of our
Strategies based on assets invested in the Strategies.
Customized Services
Upon request, we will take under consideration the provision of a customized
version of the above services or a different type of advisory services that
would utilize our core capabilities in asset allocation, investment selection,
or portfolio construction. Given the customized nature, the client can impose
constraints/restrictions on such things as security types, asset classes, or
proprietary security requirements and/or wish to collaborate with us on such
things as investment methodology and screening criteria.
Wrap Fee Programs
We do not sponsor a wrap fee program.
Assets Under Management
As of December 31, 2024, the discretionary regulatory assets under
management for Morningstar Investment Management (rounded to the
nearest $100,000) were:
Retirement Services to Individuals: $29,068,100,000
Investment Management Services to Institutional Clients:
$36,267,000,000
Pre-Account Opening: For investors we recommend access our Strategies
through one of our institutional clients, a financial advisor will assist the
investor in completing a client profile (“Profile”). This Profile helps the
investor and the investor’s financial adviser determine such things as the
investor’s risk tolerance, investment objectives, time horizon, financial goals,
and personal and financial situation. The financial adviser will review the
investor’s Profile responses and assist the investor in selecting a Strategy that
is appropriate for and aligned with the investor’s Profile as well as identifying
any available features or options the investor would like to utilize and any
reasonable restrictions and/or available customizations the investor wish to
place on the management of their account and/or account assets.
Total Regulatory Asset Under Management: $65,335,000,000
The non-discretionary assets under advisement for Morningstar Investment
Management (rounded to the nearest $100,000) were $235,870,200,000.
If features, options, reasonable restrictions and/or customizations are
available to an account, the financial advisor will assist the investor in
completing necessary information based on the investor’s preferences
(“Specifications”). This information varies by account and/or Strategy and
may include indicating exclusions, subject to limitations, for items such as
specific securities, sectors, industries, themes, master limited partnerships,
foreign companies, or fixed-income securities subject to the Alternative
Minimum Tax, or other requestable portfolio customizations.
If applicable, the financial advisor will also assist the investor with the choice
of a qualified custodian for their account from those available through the
institutional client.
Item 5. Fees and Compensation
Fees and Compensation – Overview
We typically negotiate our fees, payment terms, and payment schedules on
an individual basis with each institutional client. We utilize a standard fee
schedule for recommendations of other investment advisers or platforms.
The services we provide, the specific fees for such services, and the contract
term are governed by the contractual agreement between us and our client.
Clients may not receive all of the services listed above. Our fees vary
depending on the services selected and could include a fixed fee, a basis-
point fee, and/or a technology licensing fee. Fees for some services take into
consideration such factors as the number of services being provided and
service specific variables such as the universe of investments, variables in
monitoring frequency, delivery type, investment types, and frequency of
written analysis.
Account Set-Up: Once an appropriate Strategy, custodian, and any other
account features have been determined, the financial advisor will review the
disclosure documents and help the investor complete applicable account
documents. Account documents will typically include an Investment
Management Agreement with the institutional client and a brokerage
account application for the selected custodian. Please note, the custodian
can charge additional fees (“Clearing Fees”) for transactions made in
accounts as a result of investment decisions made for a Strategy and/or other
Institutional Asset Management
Our Institutional Asset Management fees are negotiable but generally
include an asset-based fee and can include a minimum annual fee. The
©2025 Morningstar Investment Management LLC. All Rights Reserved. The Morningstar name and logo are registered marks of Morningstar, Inc.
Page 5 of 18
0.30%) and is based on the Plan’s assets and the complexity involved in
providing the services. The Fee is typically remitted quarterly to us by the
Plan’s recordkeeper.
asset-based fee typically ranges from 2 to 15 basis points of the assets being
managed or consulted upon while the minimum annual fee is $100,000 -
$200,000. The actual fee depends on a range of variables including our role
in providing the services, the type of security we are providing services for,
and the amount of assets involved. The fee is typically charged monthly in
arrears.
As the investment adviser to the Morningstar Funds Trust (“Trust”), we are
compensated by the Trust based on assets within the Morningstar Funds for
our investment management activities in accordance with the Investment
Management Agreement between the Trust and us. We are entitled to receive
an annual management fee calculated daily and payable monthly equal to
the following percentage of a Morningstar Fund’s average daily net assets:
Select Lists
Select list fees are negotiable but generally range from $50,000 to $400,000
annually. The actual amount charged depends on a range of variables
including the intended use of the select list, the number of type of securities
included, the type of reporting the institutional client wishes to receive from
us, the degree of customizations or constraints placed on us, and whether
the service includes on-going monitoring of the select list. The fee is typically
charged quarterly in advance. If, in accordance with the contractual terms,
the institutional client terminates the agreement they have with us prior to
the end of the billing period, we may refund any unearned fees on a pro rata
basis after the termination of the contract. In addition to the fee, payment
terms and payment schedules are negotiable.
Management Fee
0.67%
0.83%
0.35%
0.44%
0.44%
0.36%
0.61%
0.47%
Recommendations of Other Investment Advisers or Platforms
When recommending another institutional client who offers our Strategies,
we receive a portion of the fees the institutional client charges the investor.
We negotiate this fee with each institutional client, but they generally are
paid to us for the period of time the investor remains invested in one or more
of our Strategies through the institutional client. The fee may be paid in
advance or in arrears.
Morningstar Fund
Morningstar U.S. Equity Fund
Morningstar International Equity Fund
Morningstar Global Income Fund
Morningstar Total Return Bond Fund
Morningstar Municipal Bond Fund
Morningstar Defensive Bond Fund
Morningstar Multisector Bond Fund
Morningstar Global Opportunistic Equity
Fund
Morningstar Alternatives Fund
0.85%
Investors can find the institutional client’s fees applicable to their account in
their proposal and/or account opening documents.
More information about the Morningstar Funds’ fees and expenses can be
found in the prospectus at http://connect.rightprospectus.com/Morningstar.
Asset Allocation Services
Our Asset Allocation Services fees are negotiable but generally range from
$50,000 to $500,000 annually. The actual amount charged depends on a
range of variables including the terms of distribution, number of sets, type
and scope of the models requested (including the number of asset classes
used in the asset allocation models), and whether the client receives other
advisory services from us. The fee is typically charged annually in arrears. In
addition to the fee, payment terms and schedules are negotiable.
Model Investment Strategies and Seed Accounts
Strategy fees are typically negotiable and range from 0 – 40 basis points. The
actual fee depends on our role in offering the service including asset size, the
complexity involved, whether Morningstar Funds are included in the
Strategies, and any other services we provide to the institutional client. Some
institutional clients charge a fee for including our Strategies on their
program or platform. Clients of those programs and platforms will be
charged a higher fee than that noted above. Strategy fees are typically
charged quarterly and may be charged in advance based on the prior
period’s ending balance or arrears based on the average daily balance for
the applicable period. If, in accordance with the contractual terms, the
institutional client terminates the agreement they have with us prior to the
end of the billing period, we will refund any unearned fees on a pro rata basis
after the termination of the contract.
Payment
Payments, payment terms and payment schedules are negotiated and
governed by the contractual agreement we enter into with each client. For
institutional clients, we typically send an invoice on a periodic basis (e.g.,
monthly or quarterly), although in some instances, we bill annually. Fixed and
licensing fees are typically paid in advance of services being provided, and
basis-point fees are typically charged in arrears.
For any Strategy in which one or more of the underlying holdings is a
Morningstar Fund, no investment management fee is charged with respect
to the Morningstar Funds. As disclosed above, in accordance with the
Investment Management Agreement between us and Morningstar Funds
Trust, we receive compensation from Morningstar Funds Trust based on the
assets invested in the Morningstar Funds for the investment management
activities we perform for the Morningstar Funds. Since we receive
compensation for this activity, we don’t charge a separate investment
management fee with respect to the Morningstar Funds in a Strategy.
Other Costs in Connection with Our Advisory Services
Our fees are separate from fees and expenses charged by the investment
products (including redemption fees or asset- or transaction-based trading
fees), fees and expenses charged by the institutional client or platform for
their products (including any revenue sharing arrangements that they have
with the investment option’s investment adviser and/or distributor), or fees
that are charged by a third party, such as a proprietary advisory program,
financial advisor, platform, custodian, transfer agent, plan provider, or
recordkeeper.
Under Morningstar Managed Plan Solutions, we are limited to choosing
funds and fund shares classes from those made available to us through each
recordkeeper’s platform, which can result in us choosing funds that charge
Morningstar Managed Plan Solutions
The Plan Sponsor, Plan, or Participant will pay us an annual basis point fee
(“Fee”). Depending on what services (as described above) the Plan Sponsor
or Plan choose, the Fee typically ranges from 20–30 basis points (0.20% to
©2025 Morningstar Investment Management LLC. All Rights Reserved. The Morningstar name and logo are registered marks of Morningstar, Inc.
Page 6 of 18
Third-Party Compensation
We receive direct or indirect cash payments from unaffiliated third parties
for referring their services to other advisory firms or investors. This creates a
conflict of interest as we have an incentive to recommend these third parties
in order to receive the cash payment.
other fees outside of our control. There may be cheaper share classes
available for a fund on other recordkeeper platforms. While we typically seek
to use the cheapest share class available to us, you should not assume we
have access to the share class with the lowest possible expense ratio for a
specific fund through your recordkeeper. More expensive share classes
reduce the performance of an account. We periodically review the universe
of funds the recordkeeper makes available to us and update your share class
as more attractive options become available.
Marketing, Distribution, and Educational Support Arrangements
We enter into agreements with certain institutional clients whereby we
provide compensation to the institutional client in exchange for access to
their financial advisers to educate them about our Strategies, having our
Strategies listed or highlighted in the marketing materials, attendance or
booth space at conferences, and/or similar marketing, distribution, and
educational activities. We also provide compensation to institutional client
or advisory firms to sponsor financial adviser or retail client meetings and
events.
are
described
in
prospectus
For funds, the fees and expenses are described in the prospectus or an
equivalent document. These fees will generally include a management fee,
other investment expenses, and possibly a distribution fee (e.g., 12b-1). In
some cases, an investment option may also charge an initial or deferred sales
charge. Neither Morningstar Investment Management nor any of our
employees receive transaction-based compensation for the investment
recommendations we make. The fees and expenses charged by Morningstar
Funds
at
the
http://connect.rightprospectus.com/Morningstar.
Item 6. Performance Based Fees and Side-by-Side
Management
We do not have performance-based fee arrangements with any qualified
client pursuant to Rule 205-3 under the Advisers Act.
Exchange-traded funds have their own internal fees and expenses such as
investment advisory, administration, and other fund-level expenses; by
investing in them, the investor incurs a proportionate share of those fees and
expenses.
ADRs are typically created, organized and administered by a U.S. bank.
Generally, these banks charge a fee for their services (e.g., custody) and
typically deduct these fees from the dividends and other distributions
generated from the ADR shares. In addition, banks incur expenses, such as
converting foreign currency into U.S. dollars, and as a result can choose to
pass those expenses on to the ADR shareholder.
Item 7. Types of Clients
Our clients include advisory programs or platforms of third-party advisory or
platform providers, entities such as financial institutions, third-party
investment advisers, broker/dealers, investment companies (including the
Morningstar Funds Trust), and other business entities, consultants, plan
providers, product providers, and sponsors who offer investment advice
programs to individual retirement investors in defined contribution plans
such as 401(k), 457, and 403(b) retirement plans, individual retirement plan
participants, health savings accounts, individuals who are in retirement, and
other investors. Please see our Morningstar Retirement Advisory Services for
Individuals and Morningstar Retirement Institutional Advisory Services
brochures, available on the SEC website, for further information about the
advisory services offered through Morningstar Retirement.
We do not require a minimum account size for our institutional investment
advisory services, and we generally do not impose other conditions for using
our institutional advisory services.
Fees Charged in Advance
Our services can be terminated as outlined in the contractual agreement
between Morningstar Investment Management and the client. Termination
of services and refunds of fees, if any, are governed by the contractual
agreement between the parties, which is negotiated on an individual basis.
Upon termination, any earned, unpaid fees by the client are due and payable.
If, in accordance with contractual terms, the client terminates their contract
prior to the end of the billing period, we will refund any unearned fees on a
pro rata basis after the termination of the contract.
The minimum funding size for our Strategies is dependent on the selected
Strategy and/or the institutional client making the Strategies available.
Investors should review their account opening documents to determine the
minimum, if there is one, applicable to their Strategy.
Compensation from Sales of Securities
We do not expect, accept or receive compensation for the sales of securities,
including asset-based sales charges or service fees from the sale of open-
end mutual funds.
Item 8. Methods of Analysis, Investment Strategies, and Risk
of Loss
Investment Philosophy
Our investment philosophy is driven by the investment principles that are
promoted throughout our organization. The principles are intended to guide
our thinking, behavior and decision making. These principles have been
inspired by a number of the most experienced and successful investors in
the last century. These principles also reflect and align with the history and
foundation of Morningstar. The investment principles are:
You may have the option to purchase investment products we recommend or
similar services through other investment advisers or financial professionals
not affiliated with us. Because our services are not exclusive, the fee for our
services may be higher than fees charged by other financial firms who
provide services similar to ours or if you paid separately for investment
advice and other services. In addition, because the underlying holdings of
our portfolios are not exclusive to the services described herein, you may buy
securities (e.g., mutual funds, exchange-traded funds, equity securities, etc.)
outside of this service without incurring our fees.
- We put investors first
- We’re independent-minded
- We invest for the long term
Revenue Sharing Arrangements
We do not have any revenue sharing arrangements with any mutual funds.
©2025 Morningstar Investment Management LLC. All Rights Reserved. The Morningstar name and logo are registered marks of Morningstar, Inc.
Page 7 of 18
- We’re valuation-driven investors
- We take a fundamental approach
- We strive to minimize costs
- We build portfolios holistically
Alongside this analysis, which looks at both absolute and relative valuation,
we also consider investor sentiment and positioning, which adds contrarian
elements to our process and tells us how the market consensus views an
investment idea we’re considering. We prefer to invest in ideas contrary to
the market consensus because one needs to be different to be able to
outperform.
We also look closely at each asset class’s risk, which can be complex,
multifaceted, and vary over time. We believe that one of the best ways to
control for risk is to buy fundamentally strong assets that seem underpriced.
Building upon our investment principles, our investment philosophy is built
on the belief that portfolios should maintain a risk profile commensurate
with the desired long-term asset allocation guidelines we provide to the
client. We focus extensively on the portfolio structure to maintain a careful
balance between being allocated similarly to the portfolio benchmarks and
one that reflects our assessment of the value available in the current market
environment. We select managers that we believe manage fund assets with
a consistent and disciplined process that can provide for sustainable long-
term results. We prefer managers with a prudent, logical, and repeatable
process and remain keenly focused on the consistency of the implementation
of their investment disciplines.
Our in-depth valuation analysis and contrarian indicators, when brought
together, are the key ways we generate investment ideas. These ideas might
be names to include in a stock portfolio or our best thinking on reward for
risk at the asset class-level. In addition, our valuation-driven asset allocation
process paired with our in-house investment selection skill allows us to
holistically build portfolios for our clients for the long term. The Investment
Management group, as a global team, works to understand markets and
opportunities, monitor risk in existing portfolios, and vet ideas to make
investment changes. We use this ongoing investment process to manage a
variety of equity and multi-asset portfolios for our Institutional Clients.
To align with our business structure, we have two Investment Policy
Committees. The investment advice used in the products and services
referenced in this brochure from Morningstar Investment Management is
provided by investment teams. Information on key members of these
investment teams is included in our Form ADV Part 2B Brochure Supplement
for Morningstar Wealth Advisory Services.
Investment Selection
Finding investment opportunities isn’t just about great ideas; it’s also about
selecting great investments for our clients. Investments may be individual
stocks, or active managers and/or passive exchange-traded products in a
multi-asset portfolio. Our research-driven approach to selecting investments
is designed to help investors reach their goals and objectives.
investment selection, portfolio construction
When building multi-asset portfolios, we need to evaluate the active
investment managers and/or passive funds we use to implement our
investment strategies. Our investment selection process begins with analysis
from Morningstar and its affiliates, which covers hundreds of thousands of
investment offerings globally, including mutual funds, closed-end funds,
separate accounts, exchange-traded products, individual stocks, and hedge
funds. We then build upon that analysis with reviews by our internal
investment team, which includes not only quantitative screens and
assessments, but also one-on-one conversations with portfolio managers as
part of our fundamental due diligence.
Global Investment Committee
Morningstar Wealth’s Global Investment Committee and its regional
governance bodies, in addition to the Americas Investment Product
Committee, are responsible for oversight of the investment methodologies
across some of our Institutional Asset Management, Model Investment
Strategies and Seed Accounts, Select Lists, and Asset Allocation Services.
Members of the Global Investment Committee may include officers, chief
investment officers, managing directors, or managers of Morningstar
Investment Management or its affiliates. The regional governance bodies
meet quarterly to review guideline changes and performance across
portfolios. Formal and informal global best practice working groups also
exist with the goal of sharing methodologies and research across regions.
These groups focus on specific investment areas such as valuation models
driven by our capital markets research and methodologies used for asset
allocation,
for different
investment strategies and advice. In addition to governance bodies, the
investment team has regional research and portfolio construction workflows
that surface best thinking across investment opportunities and guide
portfolio construction.
In our due diligence, we assess whether their investment team is qualified,
experienced, and talented; that they follow a consistent and disciplined
investment process; that their organization is strong and stable; and that they
operate professionally and ethically.
Institutional Asset Management, Model Investment Strategies, Seed
Accounts, Morningstar Managed Plan Solutions and Asset Allocation
Services
We study managers’ holdings using our proprietary tools and analytics to
assess how well their strategy may work in combination with those of other
managers. And we consider managers’ ability to outperform in different
market environments. Rather than following simple style analytics or style
neutrality blends, we seek process diversification and try to avoid the pitfalls
of over-diversification often found in fund-of-fund investment strategies.
Investment Process
Our investment process starts with scouring the globe for opportunities.
Instead of hewing closely to an index-defined universe, we look broadly,
investigating asset classes, sub-asset classes, sectors, and securities in
markets around the world. Our capital markets research extends to more
than 200 equity and 150 fixed-income asset classes. We also track around 30
world currencies.
Once we have selected active managers, we tend to keep them in place for
the long haul. We believe hiring independent managers to run high-
conviction strategies is a far better approach to multimanager portfolios.
We apply deep valuation analysis supported by in-depth fundamental
research to find opportunities around the globe.
©2025 Morningstar Investment Management LLC. All Rights Reserved. The Morningstar name and logo are registered marks of Morningstar, Inc.
Page 8 of 18
As for passive vehicles, our selection process begins with the thousands of
exchange-traded products in the Morningstar database and includes the
work of Morningstar and its affiliates’ ETF analyst team. Our own analysts
perform qualitative work that can’t be found in an automated service. ETFs
are often less expensive than their open-end mutual fund counterparts but
assessing them has to go beyond this fact. We closely examine the risk
characteristics that define ETFs—including tracking to the index, trading
volume, bid/ask spread, and premium/discount—to help ensure the goals
are realistic and the liquidity is what we expect. As with other funds, we
assess ETFs within a portfolio context to achieve access to a particular
market segment or sub-asset class.
Individual stock selection relies heavily on our asset class research to identify
attractive segments of the market (sectors, countries, or factors like quality)
and a review of the valuations and fundamentals of the underlying stocks.
We rely heavily upon Morningstar’s Equity Research group in addition to our
own proprietary insights.
investment professionals serve in different asset-class specialties on the
committee. The committee jointly decides on organization-wide portfolio
positioning policy, and strategy teams and portfolio managers adapt the
positioning decision, as applicable, to their particular strategies and client
portfolios. Teams of our portfolio managers are supported by the broad array
of investment professionals within the Investment Management group, who
contribute to manager research, asset-class research, investment-process
enhancement, and the development and maintenance of portfolio
management tools used in providing this service. All portfolios are reviewed
by a team of peers before we deliver them to our Institutional Client.
Managing Portfolios
Once we’ve holistically built portfolios, we manage them. This part of the
process is simply continuing to find opportunities, thinking through ways
those opportunities might be included in our portfolios, and watching
markets closely for any signs that would call for adjustments within the
portfolio.
Portfolio management is not a stop/start process. We constantly review our
positions, seeking to maximize reward for risk. Each strategy we manage has
a set of investment guidelines that outline the investment objectives, risk
levels, and investment constraints. These are monitored to stay within the
defined ranges.
As valuation-driven investors, we primarily focus on price changes relative
to fair value through time. Given that markets are dynamic, we reassess the
portfolio given the changes in investment ideas, aggregate risks, and
portfolio exposures. This iterative process reconsiders the opportunity set,
with a constant eye on fundamental diversification and portfolio allocations.
Specific to our Institutional Asset Management and Asset Allocation Model
Portfolio services, the portfolios we build for an Institutional Client are
typically constrained to a universe of investment options defined by our
client, which include their affiliated investment products in some instances.
Our analysis will still include quantitative analytics and fundamental
research on the investment options available. We draw on Morningstar’s
comprehensive database of fund and security analytics as well as utilizing
portfolios information provided by our Institutional Client, if applicable. In
some instances, we work closely with our Institutional Client to identify and
evaluate manager candidates for possible addition to or removal from the
available investment universe.
Turnover and trading reduce returns for investors and therefore any changes
should be expected to add value by a comfortable margin. Investment
decisions happen in the real world rather than on paper—transaction costs
and taxes are real. This means being biased toward inaction and long-term
holdings, keeping turnover and transaction costs as low as possible.
Building Portfolios
Armed with investment ideas, our global team works together to holistically
build portfolios suited to each strategy we offer or the objectives of our
clients. Portfolio construction is about ranking and risk management. We
seek to gain the largest exposure to our best ideas, while building robust
portfolios designed to stand up to challenging investment environments or
investment errors.
Our global investment team works around the clock to understand markets
and opportunities, monitor risk in existing portfolios, and vet ideas to make
investment changes. This ongoing investment process powers every portfolio
managed by the entities within Morningstar’s Investment Management
group.
This judgment-driven approach also allows us to evaluate the complexity and
multifaceted nature of investment risk. We view risk as the permanent loss
of capital. Our valuation-based approach (that is, seeking underpriced assets
and avoiding overpriced assets), fundamental diversification, and forward-
looking approach to viewing asset class co-movements (that is, those that
buffer gains and losses), all help mitigate risk in the portfolios we build.
We have processes and risk controls in place at multiple levels of the
investment process to ensure that our portfolios are created in a manner
consistent with their risk and return objectives. We evaluate risk at both the
asset class model level and the portfolio level. At the asset class level, we
monitor easily observable metrics such as standard deviation, skew, kurtosis,
historical beta and overall tracking error relative to our stated benchmark.
Our standard deviation and covariance matrix figures are estimated by a
proprietary factor analysis system that ensures consistency across multiple
asset classes and time periods. We delve deeper by examining conditional
value-at-risk and conducting scenario analysis testing under different
market conditions.
To prepare investors for the future, we seek to construct robust portfolios
designed to perform well in different environments rather than being
considered “optimal” based on expected results or a specific environment.
We avoid forecasts and building strategies based on our ability to predict
specific environments. Instead, we aim to prepare for different environments
through constructing portfolios that will hold up under many possible
environments—even ones that we haven’t seen before. In effect, this involves
trade-offs of aggregate reward for risk and a calibration of the probability
and impact of negative outcomes.
Asset allocation guidelines for multi-asset portfolios are developed by our
Asset Allocation Committee, which comprises most of the investment
Our
professionals in Morningstar’s Investment Management group.
At the portfolio level, we conduct a detailed style analysis of our underlying
funds using holdings information, quantitative regressions, and manager
meetings. The underlying styles allow us to determine the effective rolled up
portfolio asset class exposures and compare them to our asset allocation
targets. Further, we analyze each manager’s style consistency to make sure
we monitor and adjust for huge swings in our effective asset class exposures.
©2025 Morningstar Investment Management LLC. All Rights Reserved. The Morningstar name and logo are registered marks of Morningstar, Inc.
Page 9 of 18
We have retained the following investment advisers to act as a sub-adviser
for the listed Morningstar Fund Trust fund pursuant to a sub-advisory
agreement:
This analysis ensures that we are aware of, and comfortable with, our
effective asset class exposures. Additional analysis is done routinely to
measure our fund portfolio duration, tracking error, sector exposures and
betas.
Sub-adviser
Portfolio Sub-advised
Morningstar U.S. Equity Fund
Morningstar U.S. Equity Fund
Morningstar U.S. Equity Fund
Morningstar U.S. Equity Fund
While actively managed portfolios will exhibit certain biases in terms of asset
class weightings or security characteristics relative to their blended
benchmarks at times (based our intended investment decisions and the
actions of the underlying managers), they are constrained by setting
minimum and maximum allocations to different asset classes, as stated in
our investment policy guidelines. Establishing allowable ranges for asset
classes helps enable the strategy to take advantage of opportunities and
avoid risks at the asset class level, but also keeps the portfolios tethered to
their blended benchmarks.
ClearBridge Investments, LLC
Diamond Hill Capital Management,
Inc.
Massachusetts Financial Services
Company, d/b/a MFS Investment
Management
Wasatch Advisors, LP d/b/a
Wasatch Global Investors
Westwood Management Corp.
Harding Loevner LP
Harris Associates L.P.
Lazard Asset Management LLC
T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc.
Ongoing monitoring of the underlying position weights is critical to keeping
the portfolio exposures as intended. Each fund is assigned a target position
and a “deviation threshold,” which governs the degree to which a fund may
sway from its target. Each fund has a different degree of latitude, based on
both its weight in the portfolio and the volatility of the assets in which it
typically invests. If a fund deviates from its target weight, we evaluate
whether the accounts that contain the fund need to be adjusted (i.e.,
rebalanced) to bring the alignment back in order.
Morningstar U.S. Equity Fund
Morningstar International Equity
Fund
Morningstar International Equity
Fund
Morningstar International Equity
Fund
Morningstar International Equity
Fund
Morningstar Global Income Fund
Morningstar Global Income Fund
Cullen Capital Management, LLC
Western Asset Management
Company, LLC
BlackRock Financial Management,
Inc.
Allspring Global Investments, LLC
For registered or collective investment products we manage on behalf of an
Institutional Client, we review and revise portfolio allocation targets on a
continuous basis to ensure that asset class targets outlined in the prospectus
are maintained. Reviews are implemented to ensure that the underlying
investments in the portfolio don’t exceed allocations noted in the product’s
prospectus or breach other restrictions.
T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc.
First Pacific Advisors, LP
Loomis, Sayles & Company, L.P.
Morningstar Funds Trust Valuation
The Morningstar Funds Trust’s Board of Directors has oversight
responsibility for the Morningstar Funds Trust’ portfolio valuation and
pricing practices but has the discretion to delegate authority to the adviser
or sub-adviser of the funds. Fair valuation matters are also addressed within
the Morningstar Funds Trust’s valuation policies and procedures.
TCW Investment Management
Company LLC
Voya Investment Management
Company, LLC
Lazard Asset Management LLC
Morningstar Total Return Bond
Fund
Morningstar Municipal Bond
Fund
Morningstar Municipal Bond
Fund
Morningstar Defensive Bond
Fund
Morningstar Multisector Bond
Fund
Morningstar Multisector Bond
Fund
Morningstar Multisector Bond
Fund
Morningstar Global Opportunistic
Equity Fund
Morningstar Alternatives Fund
Morningstar Alternatives Fund
Morningstar Alternatives Fund
SSI Investment Management LLC
Water Island Capital, LLC
BlackRock Financial Management,
Inc.
Morningstar Funds Trust Subadvisor Oversight and Multi-Style Management
We are responsible for hiring, terminating, and replacing sub-advisers to the
Morningstar Funds, subject to board approval. Before hiring a sub-adviser,
we perform due diligence on them including, but not limited to, quantitative
and qualitative analysis of their investment process, risk management, and
historical performance. We are responsible for the general supervision of the
sub-advisers as well as allocating each Morningstar Fund’s assets among
the sub-advisers and rebalancing the portfolio as necessary, the timing and
degree of which will be determined by us.
At times, allocation adjustments among sub-advisers may be considered
tactical with over- or under-allocations to certain sub-advisers based on our
assessment of the risk and return potential of each sub-adviser’s strategy.
Sub-adviser allocations are also influenced by each sub-adviser’s historical
returns and volatility, which are assessed by examining the performance of
strategies managed by the sub-advisers in other accounts that we believe to
be similar to those that will be used for a Morningstar Fund.
Sub-advisers have discretionary authority to determine, subject to each
portfolio’s investment policies and restrictions, the securities in which the
portfolios advised by them will invest, which may include domestic and
foreign equity securities, warrants, derivatives, delayed settlement
securities, commercial paper, certificates of deposit, investment company
securities, United States government securities, and options, futures, and
forward contracts. The sub-advisers employ proprietary methods of
securities analysis in making investment decisions for the portfolios and may
rely upon a variety of sources for information, including internally generated
research. In making investments on behalf of the portfolios, the sub-advisers
may employ investment strategies and techniques which include long and
©2025 Morningstar Investment Management LLC. All Rights Reserved. The Morningstar name and logo are registered marks of Morningstar, Inc.
Page 10 of 18
1)
Inflation: The inflation forecast is the same as the one used in our
equity model.
short-term purchases, short-term trading, short sales, derivatives, and
options writing. Potential investors in the Morningstar Funds Trust should
carefully read the prospectus, statement of additional information and/or
portfolio’s offering documents for additional information on each portfolio’s
investment objectives, risks and restrictions.
2)
Real Rate: The real rate of return is the expected return of cash
after inflation. We forecast real rates based on an examination of
long-run historical real-rate data and consideration of the
macroeconomic environment for each fixed-income asset class.
3)
Asset Allocation Services – Capital Market Assumptions and Risk
Tolerance Questionnaires
As part of our Asset Allocation Services, we typically offer a combination of
Asset Class Model Portfolio(s), Risk Tolerance Questionnaire(s) (“RTQ”), and
our Capital Market Assumptions (“CMAs”). Our construction method for
Asset Class Model Portfolios is described above. This section will focus on
our CMA and RTQ methods.
Term Spread: We base our forecast of the term spread on the
long-run shape of the yield curve, current market data, and
surveys. The expected shape of the yield curve also determines
our forecast of the roll return of a fixed-income asset class.
4) Credit Spread: We forecast default and recovery rates across
credit ratings and industries. Our model takes into account the
impact of rating upgrades and downgrades (credit migration) on
credit bond prices.
Capital Market Assumptions
We provide forward-looking CMAs for both taxable and tax-deferred account
types. Our CMAs consist of expected return, standard deviation and
correlation among asset classes based on our proprietary equity, fixed
income, currency and risk models. In our CMAs, we use valuation-implied
returns, which are based on the idea that asset class returns can be
decomposed into underlying corporate and economic fundamentals and the
valuations impact near-term returns. Our research team develops and
enhances our capital market models on an ongoing basis to reflect the latest
best practices and innovations. We analyze the available opportunity set of
asset classes and constructs
long-term expected returns, standard
deviations, and correlation coefficients for each.
For equity valuation-implied returns, we use a supply-side approach to
forecast equity returns. The supply-side model is based on the idea that
equity returns can be decomposed into underlying economic and corporate
fundamentals. Our approach separates the expected return of each equity
asset class into four key return drivers:
1)
Inflation: Our long-term inflation expectations are based on
several consensus and professional long-term inflation forecasts,
as well as central banks’ medium- to long-term inflation targets
where inflation targeting is part of the monetary policy mandate.
For currency valuation-implied returns, the currency return is our forecast of
the change in the spot exchange rate. In general, for any asset not
denominated in the reference currency, the valuation-implied return of the
asset is based on the expected return in local currency plus the expected
currency return. The currency valuation-implied return has two main
components: 1) the inflation differential between the local currency and the
reference currency, and 2) the reversion of real exchange rate to its fair value.
The inflation differential is the difference between the expected inflation rate
of the local and reference currencies, where the inflation forecast is based
on the same methodology as the one discussed in the equity section above.
In the very long run (i.e., at the unconditional horizon), we expect the inflation
differential to be the sole driver of changes in the spot rate. The change in
the real exchange rate is estimated based on multiple deflators (including
CPI and PPI) to account for potential differences in the importance of the
tradable versus non-tradable sector in a given economy. These price-based
measures of real exchange rates are adjusted for differences in export quality
and productivity differentials, accounting for potential differences in the
value of goods not reflected in the price indexes. The expected change in the
real exchange rate is generally based on the assumption that the real
exchange rate will revert to a long-run average.
2)
Total Yield: We base our estimates of future total yield on an
analysis of the historical payout rates and total payout yields for
a given asset class. We estimate total yield for each equity asset
class at both the country and sector level.
3) Growth: The growth term measures the change in corporate cash
flows per share excluding the impact of repurchases. Our long-
run growth expectations are based on expected growth of the
asset class based on underlying fundamentals.
4) Change in Valuation: We use several valuation models to estimate
the fair value of equity asset classes and assumes reversion to fair
value over a 10-year period. Specifically, our valuation models rely
on several forward-looking measures of normalized earnings
such as profit margin, return on book-equity, and inflation-
adjusted average earnings over the business cycle.
Risk Tolerance Questionnaire
A risk tolerance questionnaire is a tool designed to measure an investor’s
self-reported perceptions of their general willingness and ability to
withstand the volatility inherent in investing in capital markets. Our measure
is based on three self-reported factors: (1) time horizon, (2) feelings about
the trade-offs between expected returns and expected volatility, and (3)
beliefs about the investor’s anticipated emotional reactions to changes in
their portfolio’s value, in particular drawdowns. Using a unit weighted sum
of the responses to the questions within this questionnaire, two overall
scores are generated. The first is a score in regard to the investor’s time
horizon, which serves as a proxy for the investor’s ability or capacity to take
on risk. The second score reflects an investor’s overall risk preferences.
These two scores can be used independently, and/or they can be
systematically mapped to a spectrum of risk tolerance profiles ranging from
conservative to aggressive. The spectrum of risk tolerance profiles and
scores can be represented as distinct profiles, such as Very Conservative,
For fixed-income valuation-implied returns, we use a building-block
approach to forecast returns of fixed-income asset classes. The key inputs
into our fixed-income model are:
©2025 Morningstar Investment Management LLC. All Rights Reserved. The Morningstar name and logo are registered marks of Morningstar, Inc.
Page 11 of 18
Conservative, Moderately Conservative, Moderate, Moderately Aggressive,
and Very Aggressive.
of an investment’s management team and investment process. The
assessment we make represents our overall level of conviction in an
investment based on various factors that we believe are important in
determining which investments have the best chance of delivering above-
average risk-adjusted performance in the future. These factors include the
following:
the risk
tolerance questionnaire. Our risk
Process – We strive to identify managers who employ a disciplined
and prudent investment process that has been executed in a
consistent fashion. We favor attributes such as insightful security
analysis, a robust valuation discipline, and sound risk management
and portfolio construction.
Ultimately, the investor and/or their financial professional has the final
decision in determining the investor’s portfolio, which may differ from the
risk tolerance profile or scores and be based on additional information not
captured by
tolerance
questionnaire is a measurement tool for helping a financial professional
discover information about the investor’s time horizon, risk and return
preferences, and their anticipated responses to volatility. This information
can—and should—help initiate and facilitate conversations that assist the
financial professional in gaining a broader understanding of the investor’s
financial situation, including additional information about an investor’s
assets, anticipated cash-flows, needs, goals, and other relevant information.
Based on this more complete understanding of the investor, financial
professional should be able to develop a suitable investment strategy. Risk
tolerance questionnaire scores alone should not be the predominant
indicator used to match an investor to a portfolio or investment products.
Parent – The culture and structure of a firm can have a significant
impact on its ability to attract and retain talent and its penchant for
serving in the best interests of shareholders. We look at ownership
structure of the firm, its organizational stability and financial strength.
We also place considerable emphasis on stewardship by favoring
investments where the firm has shown a tendency to act in the best
interests of shareholders and where the portfolio managers eat their
own cooking, so to speak, and have their incentives aligned with
shareholders.
Although the risk tolerance questionnaire scoring process is objective,
subjectivity cannot be completely eliminated when using such measurement
tools. For example, some investors may struggle to understand the questions
or may not have clearly defined risk preferences. There is no guarantee that
this risk tolerance assessment tool or its scoring method perfectly assesses
a person’s tolerance to risk or attitudes about gains and losses. In addition,
although the financial professional may have directly or indirectly used the
results of a risk tolerance questionnaire to inform a suggested asset
allocation, there is no guarantee that the resulting asset mix appropriately
reflects an investor’s ability to withstand investment risk.
investment products. Our analysis will still
People – We judge the depth and capabilities of members of the
investment team and the stability of the organization. We look beyond
the lead portfolio manager to assess the quality of research analysts.
Performance – We strive to identify investments that have shown the
ability to deliver solid risk-adjusted performance over time. We
evaluate performance from several angles and over various time
periods. We favor managers that have added value over an
appropriate benchmark or peer group in a consistent manager.
Price – Research indicates that expenses are one of the most
important factors in predicting mutual fund performance. While a
lower expense ratio is always better, we put expenses into the proper
context and consider factors such as the size of the fund, trend in
expenses, and investment strategy.
Our access to fund managers allows us to conduct constant research, and
meetings with those managers are an important part of our process. This
deepens our understanding of the processes these managers use and gives
us valuable perspective on the state of the economy and capital markets.
Select Lists
For our Select List service, our analysis is typically constrained to a universe
of investment options defined by our institutional client, which may include
their affiliated
include
quantitative analytics and fundamental research on the investment options
available. We draw on Morningstar’s comprehensive database of fund and
security analytics as well as utilizing portfolio information provided by our
institutional client, if applicable. Select Lists are fully customized around a
firm’s asset allocation, portfolio construction, and investment objective
needs. We work with our institutional client to determine the universe of
investment options from which we are to choose from, the asset classes to
be addressed, the number of investment selections per asset class, the
intended users of the list, and the intended account type (e.g., taxable or tax-
deferred). We typically update select lists quarterly, or on another basis as
defined by our client.
After creating a new Select List, we will conduct monitoring, typically on a
quarterly basis, following the same process used for the initial selection. We
also maintain a watch list, which includes investment options that have
undergone changes we believe may negatively affect its long-term
prospects. The intent of the watch process is to ensure that the investments
initially selected continue to satisfy the criteria that led to their initial
selection. Generally, an investment option’s watch period is two to four
quarters, at which point, we will make a recommendation to remove the
option from the Select List or take it off watch. In addition, if any investments
experience significant change prior to the quarterly update, such as a
manager change, we will notify the client as the case arises.
To build the select list, we employ a disciplined process incorporating
quantitative screens (e.g., manager tenure, portfolio exposure, and risk and
return characteristics) to the available investment universe to narrow the list.
Investment options passing those initial quantitative screens are then
subject to a qualitative analysis. During that analysis, we are assessing each
security on its own merits. During the qualitative analysis phases, we are also
assessing how the investment options compares to others in its asset class
as well among all the asset classes, paying attention to diversification of
investment approach within each asset class and overall.
The investment selection process is guided by a proprietary due diligence
process, which combines quantitative analysis with qualitative assessment
Risk of Loss and Strategy Risk
Investments in securities are subject to market risk, risk of loss, and other
risks and will not always be profitable. There is no assurance or guarantee
that the intended investment objectives of our recommendations will be
©2025 Morningstar Investment Management LLC. All Rights Reserved. The Morningstar name and logo are registered marks of Morningstar, Inc.
Page 12 of 18
For some of our services, we combine this information with other factors—
including actuarial data, stock market exposure, probability analysis, and
mean-variance optimization—into a proprietary software program to analyze
a complex set of market data and variables that results in an advanced model
that can provide investment recommendations and a projection of different
outcomes.
investment
received. We do not represent or guarantee that our
recommendations can or will predict future results, will successfully identify
market highs or lows, or will result in a profit or protect clients from loss.
Past performance of a security may or may not be sustained in the future and
is no indication of future performance. A security’s investment return and an
investor’s principal value will fluctuate so that, when redeemed, an investor’s
shares may be worth more or less than their original cost. We are unable to
predict or forecast market fluctuations or other uncertainties that may affect
the value of any investment.
Asset allocation and diversification are investment strategies which spread
assets across various investment types for long-term investing. However, as
with all investment strategies, these strategies do not ensure a profit and do
not guarantee against losses.
Capital market assumptions are forecasts which involve known and
unknown risks, uncertainties, and other factors which may cause the actual
results to differ materially and/or substantially from any future results,
performance, or achievements expressed or implied by those projections for
any reason. Past performance does not guarantee future results.
Security Type Risks
Commons Stocks
Certain Portfolios are invested primarily in common stocks listed on U.S.
stock exchanges, which are a type of equity security that represents an
ownership interest in a corporation. Please be aware that common stocks are
typically subject to greater fluctuations in market value than other asset
classes as a result of such factors as a company’s business performance,
investor perceptions, stock market trends and general economic conditions.
Stocks of small-cap and mid-cap companies tend to be more volatile and less
liquid than stocks of large companies. Small-cap and mid-cap companies, as
compared to larger companies, may have a shorter history of operations, may
not have as great an ability to raise additional capital, may have a less
diversified product line making them susceptible to market pressure, and
may have a smaller public market for their shares.
Our recommendations are made without taking into consideration potential
tax consequences and we do not provide tax advice. Potential tax
consequences may exist. We encourage you to consult with a tax professional
about these and other tax consequences.
ADRs and Foreign Stocks
Certain Portfolios are invested in ADRs or foreign stocks listed on an U.S.
exchange. An ADR is typically created by a U.S. bank and allows U.S. investors
to have a position in the foreign company in the form of an ADR. Each ADR
represents one or more shares of a foreign stock or a fraction of a share (often
referred as the ‘ratio’). The certificate, transfer, and settlement practices for
ADRs are identical to those for U.S. securities. Generally, the price of the ADR
corresponds to the price of the foreign stock in its home market, adjusted for
the ratio of ADRs to foreign company shares. There are investment risks
associated with ADRs and foreign stocks including, but not limited to,
currency exchange-rate, inflationary, and liquidity risks as well as the risk of
adverse political, economic and social developments taking place within the
underlying issuer’s home country. In addition, the underlying issuers of
certain ADRs are under no obligation
to distribute shareholder
communications to ADR holders, or to pass through to them any voting rights
with respect to the deposited securities.
The Morningstar Funds Trust principal risks include multimanager and sub-
adviser selection risk, active management risk, asset allocation risk, market
risk, investment company/ETF risk, REITS and other real estate companies
risk, master limited partnership risk, smaller company risk, sector focus risk,
foreign security risk, currency risk, derivative risk, quantitative models risk,
cybersecurity risk, European market risk, Asian market risk, China market
risk, Japan market risk, emerging-markets risk, geographic concentration
risk, cash/cash equivalents risk, private placements risk, interest-rate risk,
call risk, credit risk, high-yield risk, convertible securities risk, preferred stock
risk, contingent capital securities risk, US government securities risk,
sovereign debt securities risk, mortgage-related and other asset-backed
securities risk, floating-rate notes risk, loan risk, CDO risk, reverse repurchase
agreement risk, dollar rolls risk, portfolio turnover risk, municipal securities
risk, municipal focus risk, Latin America issuer risk, absolute return risk
strategy, long/short strategy risk, short sales risk, supranational entities risk,
indexed and inverse securities risk, and merger arbitrage risk. More
information about the Morningstar Funds Trust’s risks can be found in the
prospectus at http://connect.rightprospectus.com/Morningstar.
Exchange-Traded Funds
Portfolios may be invested in exchange-traded funds whose investment
objective is to track that sector. ETFs are traded on national exchanges and
therefore are subject to similar investment risks as common stocks. ETFs, like
all investments, carry certain risks that may adversely affect their net asset
value, market price, and/or performance. An ETF’s net asset value (NAV) will
fluctuate in response to market activity. Because ETFs are traded throughout
the day and the price is determined by market forces, the market price you
pay for an ETF may be more or less than the net asset value. Because ETFs
are not actively managed, their value may be affected by a general decline in
the U.S. market segments relating to their underlying indexes. Similarly, an
imperfect match between an ETF’s holdings and those of its underlying index
may cause its performance to not match the performance of its underlying
index. Like other concentrated investments, an ETF with concentrated
holdings may be more vulnerable to specific economic, political, or
regulatory events than an ETF that mirrors the general U.S. market.
Information Sources
Our global resources used in the formulation of our advisory services go
down to our roots—the data and analysis from Morningstar that form the
base of our investment process. This expansive, in-house network of global
data and investment analysis spans asset classes and regions to help drive
timely new ideas. Morningstar or its affiliates have more than 800 analysts
and make data available on more than 600,000 investment options and 5.2
million privately-held companies. The extensive data, analysis, and
methodologies from these resources, along with external research reports,
data, and interviews with investment managers are combined with financial
publications, annual reports, prospectuses, press releases, and SEC filings to
serve as the basis of our primary sources of information.
©2025 Morningstar Investment Management LLC. All Rights Reserved. The Morningstar name and logo are registered marks of Morningstar, Inc.
Page 13 of 18
Item 9. Disciplinary Information
We are required to disclose all material facts regarding any legal or
disciplinary events that would influence a potential client to engage us. We
do not have any material legal or disciplinary events to disclose.
Item 10. Other Financial Industry Activities and Affiliations
Morningstar Investment Management is a wholly owned subsidiary of
Morningstar. Our offerings center on advisory services in our core
capabilities of asset allocation,
investment selection, and portfolio
construction that we offer to individual investors and institutions (including
the services described in this brochure.)
Money Market Funds
A money market fund may impose a fee upon the sale of shares or may
temporarily suspend your ability to sell shares if the fund’s liquidity falls
below a required minimum because of market conditions or other factors.
An investment in a money-market vehicle is not insured or guaranteed by the
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”) or any other government
agency. For most money market funds, their sponsor has no legal obligation
to provide financial support to the fund, and you should not expect that the
sponsor will provide financial support to the fund at any time. Although some
money market funds seek to preserve the value of your investment at $1.00
per share, it cannot guarantee it will do so. It is possible to lose money by
investing in money market funds.
Mutual Funds and Collective Investment Trusts
Investments in mutual funds and collective investment trust (CITs) funds
involve risk, including loss of principal as a result of changing market and
economic conditions and will not always be profitable.
A collective investment trust may also be called a commingled or collective
fund. CITs are tax-exempt, pooled investment vehicles maintained by a bank
or trust company exclusively for qualified plans, including 401(k)s, and
certain types of government plans. CITs are unregistered investment vehicles
subject to banking regulations of the Office of the Comptroller of the
Currency (OCC), which means they are typically less expensive than other
investment options due to lower marketing, overhead, and compliance-
related costs. CITs are not available to the general public but are managed
only for specific retirement plans.
Our portfolio managers and their team members who are responsible for the
day-to-day management of our strategies are paid a base salary plus a
discretionary bonus. The bonus is fully or partially determined by a
combination of the employee’s business unit’s overall revenue and
profitability, Morningstar’s overall annual revenue and profitability, and the
individual’s contribution to the business unit. For most portfolio managers
and their team members that work on Morningstar Wealth’s Strategies, part
of their bonus is also based on select Strategy investment performance and
risk metrics versus both a corresponding benchmark over specified three-,
five-, and/or seven-year periods and appropriate peer groups. Benchmarks
are used as a measure of investment performance and are chosen by senior
personnel and approved by the Regional Investment Committee, which is
chaired by the regional Chief Investment Officer. To mitigate the conflict of
interest that could arise from partially basing an employee’s bonus on
performance of a select Strategy or Strategies, all investment decisions made
within a Strategy by an individual portfolio manager must be peer reviewed
by the broader regional team of portfolio managers. In addition, the Regional
Investment Committee reviews strategy performance on a quarterly basis.
Real Estate Investment Trusts
Publicly-traded Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs) may be included in
certain Portfolios. REITs are traded like common stocks and invest in real
estate either through properties or mortgages. REITs are focused securities
and may exhibit higher volatility than securities with broader investment
objectives. Principal risks associated with REITs include market risk, issuer
risk, economic risk, mortgage rate risk, diversification risk, and
sector/concentration risk.
For many of our institutional advisory services, the universe of investment
options from which we make our investment selections is defined by our
client. In some cases, this universe of investment options includes
proprietary investment options of that client. To mitigate any actual or
potential conflict of interests presented by this situation, we subject all
investment options to the same quantitative and qualitative investment
selection methodology, based on several factors, including performance,
risk, and expense so that the proprietary nature of an investment option does
not influence our selection.
Target-Date Funds
An investment in a target date fund is not guaranteed, and investors may
experience losses, including losses near, at, or after the target date. There is
no guarantee that a target-date fund will provide adequate income at and
through an individual’s retirement.
We may provide consulting or investment management services to
institutional clients that offer registered or pooled investment products, such
as mutual funds, variable annuities, collective investment trusts, or model
portfolios. To mitigate the conflict of interest presented by our role in these
investment products, we exclude such investment products from the
universe of investment options from which we make our recommendations
to other clients.
Methodology Updates
Our CMA, asset allocation, and investment committees typically meet on a
periodic basis. These committees have oversight for their respective areas of
expertise. If any of these committees makes an adjustment, the changes are
thoroughly reviewed and tested before being implemented. These changes
are manifested in retirement investor portfolios through expected future
returns, and asset allocations. CMAs are updated on an annual basis. We also
update our methodologies with updated tax limits on an annual basis. Asset
allocation and advice methodologies are updated only when there is a
regulatory change that requires an update or when research we have
completed warrants enhancing our asset allocation process or advice
methodology.
We receive compensation for our research and analysis activities (e.g.,
research papers) from a variety of financial institutions including large
banks, brokerage firms, insurance companies, and mutual fund companies.
In order to mitigate any actual or potential conflicts of interest that may arise
from this service, we ensure that our research and analytical activities are
non-biased and objective given our business relationships. Employees who
provide research and analysis for clients are separate from our sales and
relationship manager staff in order to mitigate the conflict of interest that an
employee may feel pressure to present results in such a way as to maintain
©2025 Morningstar Investment Management LLC. All Rights Reserved. The Morningstar name and logo are registered marks of Morningstar, Inc.
Page 14 of 18
existing or gain new business. In addition, as noted above, all investment
decisions for Morningstar Wealth’s Strategies must be peer reviewed by
fellow portfolio managers, which mitigates the conflict of interest by
providing checks and balances so that no employee can act unilaterally in
making recommendation decisions.
and compensation will be governed by intercompany agreements. This
compensation will likely be lower than compensation negotiated with non-
affiliated firms for the same or similar services. To mitigate any conflict of
interest between us and our affiliates we have established dual reporting
lines for employees on these teams so that such employees report up to
employees of Morningstar Investment Management. We’ve also established
information security boundaries and technology separation to protect our
non-public information and Morningstar’s compliance department monitors
the personal trading activity of these employees.
Morningstar Investment Management is registered as a Commodity Pool
Operator with the Commodity Futures Trading Commission. Some of
Morningstar Investment Management’s employees are registered with the
National Futures Association as principals or associated persons.
Morningstar Research Services LLC is also a wholly owned subsidiary of
Morningstar and an investment adviser registered under the Advisers Act.
Morningstar Research Services’ offerings center around the production of
investment research reports and investment consulting services to financial
institutions/institutional investors who themselves are registered with and
governed by a regulatory body. Conflicts of interests between us and
Morningstar Research Services are mitigated by such things as the
maintenance of separate legal entities and dual reporting/organization lines,
and the utilization of physical (i.e., separate office “neighborhoods”) and
technological separation. Morningstar Research Services also maintains a
committee structure so as to limit any unilateral decisions. Morningstar’s
compliance department monitors the personal trading activities of
Morningstar Research Services’ employees.
Our investment professionals provide portfolio construction and ongoing
monitoring and maintenance for the Morningstar Wealth Strategies offered
by our subsidiary, Morningstar Investment Services. We maintain seed
accounts for certain Morningstar Wealth Strategies in order to provide an
indication of each Strategy’s performance. While the same or similar
Strategies are offered by us to our institutional clients, we do not believe this
creates any material conflicts of interest for our clients. In order to mitigate
any perceived conflict of interest, our mutual fund and ETF Strategy
recommendations are communicated after the close of the trading day and
seed and Morningstar-affiliated accounts in those Strategies will be traded
the next day so that no one person has an advantage over another. Equity
Strategy recommendations are communicated based off a trade rotation
schedule designed to ensure equitable and systematic distribution.
We invested in the Series D funding round of SMArtX Advisory Solutions, a
managed account technology provider and architect of the SMArtX turnkey
asset management platform. This investment will assist in the build out of
SMArtX’s development capabilities, which could benefit us or our parent
company. Daniel Needham, our co-president serves on the board of SMArtX.
When we, along with Morningstar and/or our other affiliates offer services to
the same client, we have the option to enter into a bundled agreement with
the client that encompasses all or part of those services. Additional fee(s) for
such product(s) or service(s), if required, will be set forth in our agreement
with the client. In these situations, clients pay a fee directly to us and each
such affiliate for its products or services or as part of a joint fee schedule
which encompasses all services.
In some situations, we engage Morningstar Research Services to perform
investment manager due diligence and/or selection services on our behalf as
a sub-adviser or consultant. The notification to and authorization by the
institutional client to our engaging Morningstar Research Services as a sub-
adviser is addressed in our agreement with the institutional client. On such
occasions, we compensate Morningstar Research Services for services
rendered via an intercompany charge. The services and compensation will
be governed by an intercompany agreement. This compensation will likely
be lower than compensation negotiated with non-affiliated financial
institutions/institutional
investors for the same or similar services.
Morningstar Research Services’ employees who are engaged to provide
manager due diligence and/or selection services are prohibited from using
non-public/confidential information obtained because of their engagement
in its investment research reports and/or investment consulting services to
clients, including us.
Affiliations – Registered Entities
Morningstar has various subsidiaries across the globe that are each
registered with the applicable regulatory body or bodies in that country to
provide investment management or other advisory services. As described
earlier in this brochure, we share resources with these various subsidiaries.
One subsidiary, Morningstar Investment Services LLC, is our subsidiary and
is also an investment adviser registered under the Advisers Act. Morningstar
Investment Services offers model investment strategies through third-party
financial institutions, plan sponsor services, and retirement plan services for
institutional and retail clients.
Morningstar Research Services provides information to the public about
various securities, including managed investments like open-end mutual
funds and ETFs, which include written analyses of these investment products
in some instances. Although we use certain products, services, or databases
that contain this information, we do not participate in or have any input in
the written analyses that Morningstar Research Services produces. While we
consider the analyses of Morningstar Research Services, our investment
recommendations are based on our decisions in regard to the investment
product.
In some cases, our senior management members have management
responsibilities to these other affiliated entities. We do not believe that these
management responsibilities create any material conflicts of interests for our
clients.
Morningstar Wealth has set up service teams composed of employees of our
affiliate and located at our affiliate’s office in Mumbai, India. We compensate
our affiliates for services rendered via intercompany charges. The services
Morningstar Research Services may issue investment research reports on
securities we hold in our portfolios or recommend to our clients, but they do
not share any yet-to-be published views and analysis and/or changes in
estimates (i.e., their confidential information) with us on these securities. In
making investment decisions or recommendations, we use Morningstar
Research Services’ publicly available analysis as part of our review process
and do not have access to their analysis prior to its public dissemination. We
mitigate any actual or potential conflicts of interest that could arise from the
©2025 Morningstar Investment Management LLC. All Rights Reserved. The Morningstar name and logo are registered marks of Morningstar, Inc.
Page 15 of 18
written analyses that Morningstar provides its licensees. While we consider
the analyses of Morningstar, our investment recommendations are oriented
to the mandates of the investment products in question.
access of their analysis prior to publication through measures such as
informational barriers (both physical and technological), maintaining
separate or dual organizational reporting lines, and monitoring by the
compliance department.
Morningstar hosts educational events and conferences and, in some
instances, provides us with the opportunity to suggest invitees or offer
(proactively or upon request) discounted or waived registration fees. We
mitigate any actual or potential conflicts of interest this introduces by using
pre-defined criteria to select Institutional Clients for these opportunities.
Morningstar Research Services prepares qualitative analysis on separately
managed accounts and model portfolios. To mitigate conflicts of interest,
Morningstar Research Services does not prepare qualitative analysis on, nor
recommend any Morningstar separately managed account or model
portfolio we create and manage.
Some of Morningstar Research Services’ clients are sponsors of funds or
associated with other securities that we may recommend to our Institutional
Clients. We mitigate any actual or potential conflicts of interests resulting
from this fact through such measures as informational barriers (both
physical and technological), maintaining separate or dual organizational
reporting lines, and monitoring by the compliance department. In addition,
we do not factor in the relationship between Morningstar Research Services
and their clients when analyzing investments or making recommendations.
Morningstar Investment Management serves as an investment adviser to
investment companies registered under the Investment Company Act of
1940, as amended, and to other pooled investment products. To mitigate
conflicts of interest, Morningstar Research Services does not prepare
qualitative analysis on nor recommend as part of their investment consulting
services any investment company we are an investment adviser or sub-
adviser to.
Morningstar offers various products and services to retail and institutional
investors. In certain situations, we recommend an investment product that
tracks an index created and maintained by Morningstar. In such cases, the
investment product sponsor has entered into a licensing agreement with
Morningstar to use such index. To mitigate any conflicts of interest arising
from our selection of such investment products, we use solely quantitative
criteria established by our advisory client to make such selection, or, in the
alternative, Morningstar’s compensation from the investment product
sponsor will not be based on nor will it include assets that are a result of our
recommendation to our advisory client to invest in those investment
products. In other cases, some of Morningstar’s clients are sponsors of funds
that we recommend to our clients. Morningstar does not and will not have
any input into our investment decisions, including what investment products
will be recommended for our recommended portfolios. We mitigate any
actual or potential conflicts of interest by imposing informational barriers
(both physical and technological), maintaining separate organizational
reporting lines, and monitoring by the compliance department. In addition,
we do not factor in the relationship between Morningstar when analyzing
investments or making recommendations. We mitigate any actual or
potential conflicts of interests resulting from that by not producing
qualitative analysis on any such exchange-traded fund as well as imposing
informational barriers (both physical and technological), maintaining
separate organizational reporting lines between, and monitoring by the
compliance department.
Affiliations – Morningstar, Inc.
Our parent company, Morningstar, Inc., is publicly traded (Ticker Symbol:
MORN). We may recommend an investment product that holds a position in
publicly traded shares of Morningstar’s stock. Such an investment in
Morningstar’s stock is solely the decision of the investment product’s
portfolio manager. We have no input into a portfolio manager’s investment
decision nor do we require that the investment products we recommend own
shares of Morningstar. An investment product’s position in Morningstar has
no direct bearing on our investment selection process. We mitigate any
actual or potential conflicts of interest by not factoring Morningstar’s
publicly traded stock into our qualitative or quantitative analysis nor in our
recommendations.
imposing
In some instances, we create portfolios that track an index created and
maintained by Morningstar. Morningstar does not and will not have any
input into our investment decisions, including what investment products will
be included in our portfolios. We mitigate any actual or potential conflicts of
interest by
(both physical and
informational barriers
technological), maintaining separate organizational reporting lines, and
monitoring by the compliance department.
Morningstar has and maintains accounts which they invest in accordance
with investment strategies created and maintained by us. Those investment
strategies are deployed using equity securities. Some of Morningstar’s
accounts are used as the subject of newsletters offered by Morningstar. In
order to ensure that Morningstar’s newsletter subscribers are not treated
more favorably than our clients, trade recommendations are communicated
based off of a trade rotation schedule.
Morningstar offers various products and services to the public. Some of
Morningstar’s clients are service providers (e.g., portfolio managers,
advisers, or distributors) affiliated with a mutual fund or other investment
option. We may have a contractual relationship to provide consulting or
advisory services to these same service providers or we may recommend the
products of these service providers to our advisory clients. To mitigate any
actual or potential conflicts of interest, we do not consider the relationship
between Morningstar and
these service providers when making
recommendations. We are not paid to recommend one investment option
including products of service providers with which
over another,
Morningstar has a relationship.
As a wholly owned subsidiary, we use the resources, infrastructure, and
employees of Morningstar and its affiliates to provide certain support
services in such areas as technology, procurement, human resources,
accounting, legal, compliance, information security, and marketing. We do
not believe this arrangement presents a conflict of interests to us in terms of
our advisory services.
Morningstar provides information to the public about various investment
products, including managed investments like open-end mutual funds and
ETFs. In some cases, this information includes written analyses of these
investment products. Although we use certain products, services, or
databases of Morningstar, we do not have any decision-making input in the
©2025 Morningstar Investment Management LLC. All Rights Reserved. The Morningstar name and logo are registered marks of Morningstar, Inc.
Page 16 of 18
and understands the Code of Ethics and that they agree to or have complied
with its contents.
A copy of our Code of Ethics is available to existing and prospective clients
by sending written request to compliancemail@morningstar.com.
We have the option to make our clients aware of various products and
services offered by Morningstar or its affiliates. We do not receive
compensation for that introduction. Morningstar and its affiliates also have
the option to make their clients aware of various products and services
offered by us. Morningstar and its affiliates do not receive any compensation
from us for that introduction, unless it falls under a solicitation arrangement,
as described in Item 14 below.
Interest In Client Transactions
Our Access Persons have the option to maintain personal investment
accounts and purchase or sell investments in those accounts that are the
same as or different from the investments we recommend to clients. Our
Code of Ethics is designed to ensure that Access Persons’ personal trading
activities should not conflict with our advisory activities or the timing of our
recommendations and will not interfere with our clients’ interests, while
allowing our Access Persons to invest in their own accounts.
Morningstar Wealth, through Morningstar and its subsidiaries, make
available products such as: (i) the Morningstar Wealth Strategies; (ii)
Morningstar Funds Trust, (iii) Morningstar Office, Morningstar’s RIA portfolio
software service; (iv) Morningstar ByAllAccounts, Morningstar’s investment
data aggregation service; and (v) Morningstar.com, Morningstar’s individual
investor site offering. Daniel Needham, our co-president, has management
responsibilities for Morningstar Wealth. We do not believe that these
management responsibilities create any material conflicts of interests for our
clients, but we mitigate any actual or potential conflicts of interests resulting
from that by imposing informational barriers where appropriate and
undertaking compliance monitoring.
We do not engage in principal transactions (transactions where we, acting in
our own account or in an affiliated account, buy a security from or sell a
security to a client’s account) nor do we engage in agency cross transactions
(transactions where we or our affiliate executes a transaction while acting as
a broker for both our client and the other party in the transaction).
Affiliations – Morningstar, Inc. Subsidiaries
Equity and manager research analysts based outside the United States are
employed by various wholly owned subsidiaries of Morningstar. These
analysts follow the same investment methodologies and process as
Morningstar Research Services, as well as being held to the same conduct
standards. As a result, we do not believe this structure causes actual or a
potential for a conflict of interest.
Interest In Securities That We May Recommend
Morningstar Investment Management has and maintains a number of seed
accounts (accounts used to establish a strategy we offer or track), many of
which follow strategies we offer to clients. . In order to ensure that our seed
accounts or any one client does not receive favorable treatment, our mutual
fund and ETF Strategy recommendations are communicated after the close
of the trading day and seed accounts in those Strategies. Equity Strategy
recommendations are communicated based off a trade rotation schedule
designed to ensure equitable and systematic distribution.
Affiliations – Credit Rating Agency
We are affiliated with the Morningstar DBRS group of companies, which
include DBRS, Inc., DBRS Limited, DBRS Ratings GmbH, and DBRS Ratings
Limited. DBRS, Inc. is registered with the Securities and Exchange
Commission as a Nationally Recognized Statistical Rating Organization
(NRSRO). Morningstar DBRS’ companies are also registered with and
governed by applicable regulatory body or bodies in other countries around
the globe. In our analysis of certain securities, we use the publicly available
credit rating and analysis issued by Morningstar DBRS. Because of our use
of Morningstar DBRS’ ratings and analysis is limited to that which is publicly
available, we do not believe there is an actual or potential conflict of interest
that arises from such use.
Personal Trading By Access Persons
Our Code of Ethics is designed to ensure that Access Persons’ personal
trading activities does not interfere with our clients’ interests. While our
Access Persons have the option to maintain personal investment accounts,
they are subject to certain restrictions. Our Code of Ethics includes policies
designed to prevent Access Persons from trading based on material non-
public information. Access Persons in possession of material non-public
information are prohibited from trading in securities which are the subject
of such information and tipping such information to others. In certain
instances, we employ information blocking devices such as restricted lists to
prevent illegal insider trading. Morningstar’s compliance department
monitors the activities in the personal accounts of our Access Persons (and
any accounts in which they have beneficial ownership) upon hire and
thereafter. Access Persons are required to pre-clear IPO, initial digital coin
transactions with Morningstar’s
offerings, and private placement
compliance department.
Item 12. Brokerage Practices
Where we exercise investment discretion, we will generate trade instructions
for each portfolio that requires investment, reallocation or rebalancing and
forward those instructions to the appropriate institution as designated by the
client. As a result, we do not have the ability to make decisions regarding
which broker is used to execute the transactions nor the timing of when the
trade is executed. This could result in different pricing of client trades. We
do not participate in any soft dollar practices.
Item 11. Code of Ethics, Participation or Interest in Client
Transactions and Personal Trading
Code Of Ethics
We have in place a Code of Ethics pursuant to Rule 204A-1 under the Advisers
Act (“Code of Ethics”). Our Code of Ethics strives to uphold the highest
standards of moral and ethical conduct, including placing our clients’
interest ahead of our own. Our Code of Ethics covers all our officers and
employees as well as other persons who have access to our non-public
information (collectively “Access Persons”). Our Code of Ethics addresses
such topics as professional and ethical responsibilities, compliance with
securities laws, our fiduciary duty, and personal trading practices. Our Code
of Ethics also addresses receipt and/or permissible use of material non-
public information and other confidential information our Access Persons
may be exposed and/or have access to given their position. The Code of
Ethics is provided upon hire and at least annually thereafter and at each time,
the Access Person must certify in writing that she or he has received, read,
©2025 Morningstar Investment Management LLC. All Rights Reserved. The Morningstar name and logo are registered marks of Morningstar, Inc.
Page 17 of 18
We may provide periodic reports to our institutional clients on the investment
portfolios and the underlying holdings or retirement plan or product lineup
if included in our contract with such client.
To generate additional income or to earn credits that offset expenses, the
Morningstar Funds reserves the right to lend its portfolio securities to
unaffiliated broker/dealers, financial institutions or other institutional
investors pursuant to agreements requiring that the loans be secured
continuously by collateral, marked-to-market daily and maintained in an
amount at least equal in value to the current market value of the securities
loaned. The aggregate market value of securities lent by a Morningstar Fund
will not at any time exceed 33 1/3% of the total assets of the Morningstar
Fund. All relevant facts and circumstances, including the creditworthiness of
the broker-dealer or institution, will be considered in making decisions with
respect to the lending of securities subject to review by the Morningstar
Funds Trust’s Board of Trustees. Currently, six of the nine Morningstar Funds
participate in a securities lending program.
Item 14. Client Referrals and Other Compensation
We may make direct or indirect cash or non-cash payments to our affiliates
or to unaffiliated third parties for recommending our services. We may also
receive direct or indirect cash or non-cash payments from an institutional
client if we recommend investors use their services. If such payments occur,
they will be done pursuant to Rule 206(4)-1 of the Advisers Act. Those referred
by third party solicitors may in some cases pay a higher fee than those who
contract with a firm directly. Through disclosures, which are spoken or given
in writing to clients at the time of the solicitation, clients or investors solicited
by an unaffiliated person or recommended to use our institutional client are
made aware of the arrangement between the us and solicitor or us and our
institutional client (and therefore that the solicitor has a financial interest in
making the recommendation), any other material conflicts of interest, and
the terms of any compensation paid directly or indirectly to the solicitor as a
result of their referral.
The cash collateral received from a borrower as a result of a Morningstar
Fund’s securities lending activities will be invested in cash or high quality,
short-term debt obligations, such as securities of the U.S. government, its
agencies or instrumentalities, irrevocable letters of credit issued by a bank
that meets the Morningstar Fund’s investment standards, bank guarantees
or money market mutual funds or any combination thereof.
Referral fees are typically paid quarterly for so long as the client or investor
maintains an applicable agreement for advisory services and the solicitor’s
agreement between us and the other firm remains in-force. If at any time
either agreement is terminated, the referral fee payments to the solicitor will
cease.
We receive direct or indirect cash payments from unaffiliated third parties
for referring their services to other advisory firms or investors. This creates a
conflict of interest as we have an incentive to recommend these third parties
in order to receive the cash payment.
Securities lending involves two primary risks: “investment risk” and
“borrower default risk.” Investment risk is the risk that a fund will lose money
from the investment of the cash collateral received from the borrower.
Borrower default risk is the risk that a fund will lose money due to the failure
of a borrower to return a borrowed security in a timely manner. There also
may be risks of delay in receiving additional collateral, in recovering the
securities loaned, or a loss of rights in the collateral should the borrower of
the securities fail financially. In the event a Morningstar Fund is unsuccessful
in seeking to enforce the contractual obligation to deliver additional
collateral, then the Morningstar Fund could suffer a loss.
Item 13. Review of Accounts
If included in our contract with an institutional client, we will provide ongoing
monitoring of the underlying holdings in investment portfolios and
reallocation or rebalancing of investment portfolios. The frequency and
nature of our reviews and rebalancing is governed by our contract with each
such client.
We enter into agreements with certain Institutional Clients whereby we
provide compensation to Institutional Clients in exchange for access to their
financial professionals to educate them about our advisory products and
services, having our name, products, or services listed or highlighted in
Institutional Client materials, attendance or booth space at Institutional
Client conferences, and/or similar marketing, distribution, and educational
activities. We also provide compensation to Institutional Clients to sponsor
meetings and events for their financial professionals and/or clients.
Item 15. Custody
We do not serve as a custodian of client assets. However, in cases where we
have the ability to debit fees directly from client accounts, we are deemed to
have custody of client assets under Rule 206(4)-2 of the Advisers Act, even if
we do not act as a custodian. The client is typically responsible for selecting
the custodian for its assets.
In instances where we recommend an institutional client that offers our
Strategies, our financial advisor is responsible for periodically reviewing
those client accounts. In most cases, the investor’s financial advisor will
review the investor’s responses to a risk tolerance questionnaire or similar
information and assist the investor in determining if a Strategy is appropriate
for the investor. If it is, the financial advisor will assist the investor in making
a final determination as to the most appropriate Strategy for the investor
from those available through the institutional client. The investor’s financial
advisor will contact the investor at least annually to discuss and review any
changes in their financial situation.
We provide ongoing monitoring of the Strategies we offer to seek to ensure
each Strategy remains aligned with factors such as its objective, guidelines,
and restrictions. Our model portfolios and valuation models are reviewed on
at least an annual basis. Investment-specific model portfolios for a
retirement plan or product are reviewed on at least an annual basis.
Item 16. Investment Discretion
In some cases, we have complete investment discretion in managing
investment portfolios or registered funds for our institutional clients and
Morningstar Funds Trust. In other cases, we provide information or make
investment recommendations to an investment adviser, broker/dealer,
investment committee, board, plan sponsor, financial professional, or other
person(s) to help them make investment choices, but the institution or person
has the discretion to accept, reject, or modify our recommendations. The
extent of our investment discretion is set forth in our contract with our
institutional client.
©2025 Morningstar Investment Management LLC. All Rights Reserved. The Morningstar name and logo are registered marks of Morningstar, Inc.
Page 18 of 18
When recommending investors to an institutional client that offers our
Strategies, we do not have discretion over the investor’s account.
Item 17. Voting Client Securities
For the majority of our institutional advisory service arrangements, we do not
have the authority to and will not vote proxies. In such situations, proxies or
other solicitations will be sent directly to the client and we will not provide
information or advice in regard to questions a client has about a particular
solicitation.
We do not vote proxies in instances where we provide our Strategies to
institutional clients.
Proxy Voting Process
Proxy statement notifications are received by an independent third-party
vendor when a proxy statement has been issued on a security that currently
underlies a portion of a Morningstar Fund managed by us. This third-party
vendor provides additional services such as facilitating vote submissions on
our behalf and provides access to e-ballot and meeting information.
We identify, on an annual basis, certain categories of proxy votes to be
reviewed by our proxy committee. In these instances, the vote will be
determined on a case-by-case basis based on the Investment Management
group’s global proxy voting principles. Upon receipt of a proxy statement, the
investment team member with the primary oversight responsibility for the
security will review the proxy statement and any additional soliciting
materials it is aware of that the issuer has filed and will communicate their
recommendation, support for the recommendation, and other pertinent
information to the Committee.
We do not advise or act for clients in legal proceedings, including class
actions or bankruptcies, involving recommended securities.
The Morningstar Funds have authorized us to vote proxies on their behalf. In
turn, in accordance with the sub-advisory agreement entered into between
us and each sub-adviser, we have delegated proxy voting authority to the
sub-adviser. We have implemented policies and procedures with respect to
the portion of the Morningstar Funds that are not managed by a sub-adviser.
The voting Committee Members will review the proxy issue and the
recommendation and will cast their vote as to whether they agree or disagree
with the recommendation. If the other voting Committee Members agree with
the recommendation, the proxy will be voted in that manner. If there is not a
super-majority, the Committee will hold a meeting to discuss the proxy and
reach a resolution.
There may be instances where we will refrain from voting a specific proxy
when we believe it is in the best interests of our Morningstar Fund investors.
Proxy Voting Policy and Procedures
Rule 206(4)-6 of the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended, places a
number of requirements on investment advisers with proxy voting authority.
These requirements are:
by
calling
877-626-3227,
sending
an
e-mail
• Adopt and implement written policies and procedures that are
reasonably designed to ensure that proxies are voted in the best interest
of clients. Such procedures must include how to address material
conflicts that may arise between our interests and those of our clients;
• Disclose how clients may obtain information about how proxies were
How you can Obtain Proxy Voting Information
At any time, you may request information on how we voted proxies and/or
request a copy of our proxy voting policies and procedures. Requests can be
submitted
to
compliancemail@morningstar.com, or writing to Morningstar Investment
Management LLC at 22 West Washington Street, Chicago, IL 60602 ATTN:
Compliance.
voted with respect to their securities; and
• Describe to clients our proxy voting policies and procedures and, upon
request, furnish a copy of the policies and procedures.
Item 18. Financial Information
We are required to provide you with certain financial information or
disclosures about our financial condition. We do not have any financial
commitment that impairs our ability to meet our contractual and fiduciary
commitments to clients, have we been the subject of any bankruptcy
proceeding.
Proxy Voting Committee
In efforts to mitigate conflicts of interest, we have in place a Proxy Voting
Committee (“Committee”). This Committee consists of both non-voting and
voting members (collectively, “Committee Members”). Committee Members
include members of the investment team serving in a voting role and
member(s) of compliance and operations team serving in non-voting roles.
The Committee is responsible for tasks such as:
• Developing, implementing and updating policy and procedures intended
to ensure voting of proxies is conducted in a manner that is in the best
interests of Morningstar Funds investors;
• Assessing whether proxy voting should be done internally, externally by
a third-party vendor, or a combination of the two;
• Oversight of a third-party vendor, when applicable;
• Making voting decisions (including whether or not to abstain from
voting) and ensuring votes are cast on time;
• Maintaining documents material to the voting decision; and
•
Implementing appropriate proxy voting disclosures and maintaining
records of communications received from Morningstar Funds investors
requesting information on how proxies were voted and our responses.
©2025 Morningstar Investment Management LLC. All Rights Reserved. The Morningstar name and logo are registered marks of Morningstar, Inc.