Overview
- Headquarters
- Los Gatos, CA
- Total Firm Assets
- $116 million
- Average High-Net-Worth Client Portfolio Size
- $2.8 million
Fee Structure
Primary Fee Schedule (2026-05-14 ORCHARD CITY WEALTH MANAGEMENT FORM ADV PART 2A)
| Min | Max | Marginal Fee Rate |
|---|---|---|
| $0 | $500,000 | 1.40% |
| $500,001 | $1,000,000 | 1.20% |
| $1,000,001 | $3,000,000 | 1.10% |
| $3,000,001 | $5,000,000 | 0.90% |
| $5,000,001 | $10,000,000 | 0.65% |
| $10,000,001 | and above | 0.40% |
Minimum Annual Fee: $10,000
Illustrative Fee Rates
| Total Assets | Annual Fees | Average Fee Rate |
|---|---|---|
| $1 million | $13,000 | 1.30% |
| $5 million | $53,000 | 1.06% |
| $10 million | $85,500 | 0.86% |
| $50 million | $245,500 | 0.49% |
| $100 million | $445,500 | 0.45% |
Clients
- High-Net-Worth Share of Firm Assets
- 93.67%
- Number of High-Net-Worth Clients
- 39
- Total Client Accounts
- 254
- Discretionary Accounts
- 254
Services Offered
Services: Financial Planning, Portfolio Management for Individuals, Pension Consulting, Investment Advisor Selection, Educational Seminars
Regulatory Filings
- SEC CRD Number
- 292274
Primary Brochure: 2026-05-14 ORCHARD CITY WEALTH MANAGEMENT FORM ADV PART 2A (2026-05-14)
View Document Text
Item 1: Cover Page
Orchard City Wealth Management, LLC
987 University Avenue, Suite 8
Los Gatos, CA 95032
(669) 237-3006
Form ADV Part 2A – Firm Brochure
This brochure provides information about the qualifications and business practices of Orchard
City Wealth Management, LLC (“OCWM,” “we,” “us,” or “our”). If you have any questions about
the contents of this brochure, please contact us at the telephone number or email address
listed above. The information in this brochure has not been approved or verified by the United
States Securities and Exchange Commission or by any state securities authority. Orchard City
Wealth Management, LLC is a registered investment adviser, but registration does not imply a
certain level of skill or training.
Additional information about Orchard City Wealth Management, LLC is also available on the
SEC’s website at www.adviserinfo.sec.gov and by searching for CRD# 292274.
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Date of Brochure: May 14, 2026
Item 2: Material Changes
In this Item, OCWM is required to identify and discuss material changes since filing its last annual
amendment. Since filing its last annual amendment on March 18, 2025, there have been no material
changes to report.
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Item 3: Table of Contents
Item 1: Cover Page
Item 2: Material Changes
Item 3: Table of Contents
Item 4: Advisory Business
Item 5: Fees and Compensation
Item 6: Performance-Based Fees and Side-By-Side Management
Item 7: Types of Clients
Item 8: Methods of Analysis, Investment Strategies and Risk of Loss
Item 9: Disciplinary Information
Item 10: Other Financial Industry Activities and Affiliations
Item 11: Code of Ethics, Participation or Interest in Client Transactions and Personal Trading
Item 12: Brokerage Practices
Item 13: Review of Accounts
Item 14: Client Referrals and Other Compensation
Item 15: Custody
Item 16: Investment Discretion
Item 17: Voting Client Securities
Item 18: Financial Information
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Item 4: Advisory Business
Description of Advisory Firm
Orchard City Wealth Management, LLC is an investment adviser founded in 2017, registered with the
U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”), and principally owned by the Pepper Family Trust
U/A DTD March 19, 2008. Ethan Pepper and Janina Pepper are trustees of the Pepper Family Trust.
Types of Advisory Services
Wealth Management Services
We provide wealth management services in the form of ongoing financial planning, tax planning, and
investment management services. We do not offer investment management services as a stand-alone
service. Each element of our wealth management service is described below.
A variety of topics are usually addressed, such as, not limited to, retirement planning, risk
management, college savings, cash flow, debt management, employee benefits, estate, and incapacity
planning, equity compensation analysis, tax planning analysis, and a portfolio review. The specific
topics covered are based on the needs of the client. In general, the financial plan will address any or all
of the following areas of concern. The client and OCWM will work together to select the specific areas
to cover. These areas may include, but are not limited to, the following:
● Business Planning: We provide consulting services for clients that own their own business, are
considering starting a business, or are planning for an exit from their current business. Under
this type of engagement, we work with you to assess your current situation, identify your
objectives, and develop a plan to achieve your goals.
● Cash Flow and Debt Management: We will review your income and expenses to determine
your current surplus or deficit. We provide advice on how to save more or how to reduce
expenses if they exceed your income. We will recommend which debts to pay off first based on
factors such as the interest rate of the debt and any income tax ramifications. We will also
recommend an amount to hold as emergency reserves and specific accounts to keep the cash.
● College Savings: This includes projecting the amount needed to achieve college or other
post-secondary education funding goals. We will provide recommendations on where to save
for higher education goals. If required, we will review your financial picture as it relates to
eligibility for financial aid.
● Employee Benefits Optimization: If you are an employee, we will review and provide
recommendations on maximizing your employee benefits. If you are a business owner, we will
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consider and recommend the various benefit programs that can be structured to meet both
business and personal retirement goals.
● Estate Planning: If you already have your estate plan completed, we will review your existing
documents to understand your goals and wishes. We will also review your net worth to
determine if you will be subject to an estate tax. If you have not completed your estate plan, we
will refer you to a qualified estate planning attorney to create your documents. Our advice also
typically includes ways for you to minimize or avoid future estate taxes by implementing
appropriate estate planning strategies such as the use of applicable trusts.
We always recommend that you consult with a qualified attorney when you initiate, update, or
complete estate planning activities. We may provide you with contact information for attorneys
who specialize in estate planning when you wish to hire an attorney for such purposes. We will
participate in meetings or phone calls between you and your attorney with your approval or
request from time-to-time.
● Financial Goals: We help clients identify and prioritize financial goals and develop a plan to
reach them. We will take the time to understand what you want to accomplish, what resources
you will need to make it happen, how much time you will need to reach the goal, and how
much you should budget for your goal.
●
Insurance: We will review your existing insurance coverage to ensure you are adequately
insured. We will evaluate your life, disability, long-term care, health, homeowners, renters,
automobile, and umbrella liability policy. If needed, we will refer you to a qualified insurance
advisor or work with your existing advisor to ensure proper coverages.
●
Investment Analysis: This may involve developing an asset allocation strategy to meet clients'
financial goals and risk tolerance, providing information on investment vehicles and strategies,
reviewing employee stock options, as well as assisting you in establishing your investment
account at a selected broker/dealer or custodian. The strategy and types of investments we may
recommend are discussed further in Item 8 of this brochure.
● Retirement Planning: Our retirement planning services typically include projections of your
likelihood of achieving your financial goals, usually focusing on financial independence as the
primary objective. If the results of our analysis do not reflect the client's desired results, we may
make recommendations that may impact the original projection. Key variables we may change
include working longer, saving more money, spending less, or taking more investment risks.
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If you are near retirement or already retired, we may advise on how to spend down your
portfolio to minimize the likelihood of running out of money.
likewise, the potential cost of not purchasing
● Risk Management: A risk management review includes an analysis of your exposure to
significant risks that could harm your financial picture. These risks include premature death,
disability, property and casualty losses, or the need for long-term care planning. Advice may be
provided on ways to minimize such risks and weigh the costs of purchasing insurance versus the
benefits of doing so and,
insurance
("self-insuring").
● Tax Planning Strategies: Advice may include ways to minimize current and future income taxes
as a part of your overall financial planning picture. We may make specific account-type
recommendations. We will also recommend where to hold particular investments based in part
on their tax efficiency, with the consideration that there is always a possibility of future changes
to federal, state, or local tax laws and rates that may impact your situation.
We recommend that you consult with a qualified tax professional before initiating any tax
planning strategy. We may provide you with contact information for accountants or attorneys
who specialize in this area if you wish to hire someone for such purposes. We will participate in
meetings or phone calls between you and your tax professional with your approval.
Investment Management Services
Investment management involves managing individually tailored investment portfolios. OCWM
provides continuous advice to a client regarding the investment of client funds based on the client's
individual needs. After we have developed a plan based on our client's goals and objectives, we will
create an investment policy or an investment plan. This involves a customized asset allocation target
and portfolio recommendations. We may also review and discuss a client's prior investment history and
family composition, and background.
The client's stated objectives (e.g., maximum capital appreciation, growth, income, or growth, and
income) and tax considerations guide OCWM's account supervision. Clients may impose reasonable
restrictions on investing in specific securities, types of securities, or industry sectors.
Selection of other investment advisers: From time to time and when appropriate for a particular client,
we will recommend or retain an independent and unaffiliated third-party investment adviser
(“Third-Party Adviser”) to manage all or a portion of a client’s portfolio. Third-Party Advisers are
evaluated based on a variety of factors, not the least of which include performance return history, asset
class specialization, management tenure, and risk profile. We will conduct due diligence as appropriate
to confirm that such Third-Party Advisers are duly registered and otherwise well-equipped to manage
applicable clients’ accounts. We generally retain the discretionary authority to hire or fire Third-Party
Advisers with or without notice to the client.
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Educational Seminars and Speaking Engagements
We may provide seminars on an "as announced" basis for groups seeking general advice on
investments and other areas of personal finance. The content of these seminars will vary depending
upon the needs of the attendees. These seminars are purely educational and do not involve the sale of
any investment products. Information presented will not be based on an individual's person's need, nor
does OCWM provide individualized investment advice to attendees during these seminars.
Client Tailored Services and Client Imposed Restrictions
We offer the same suite of services to all of our clients. However, specific client financial plans and their
implementation are dependent upon the client investment policy statement. An investment policy
statement (IPS) outlines each client's current situation (income, tax levels, and risk tolerance levels).
The IPS is used to construct a client-specific plan to aid in selecting a portfolio that matches restrictions,
needs, and targets.
Retirement Plan Consulting Services
OCWM may provide service to qualified and non-qualified retirement plans, including 401(k) plans,
403(b) group, pension and profit-sharing, defined benefit, simple IRA's, and SEPs. Each plan is different
and distinct.
Pension Consulting Services
OCWM offers pension consulting services to employee benefit plans and their fiduciaries based upon
the needs of the plan and the services requested by the plan sponsor or named fiduciary. These
services may include an existing plan review and analysis, plan level advice regarding fund selection and
investment options, education services to plan participants, investment performance monitoring,
and/or ongoing consulting. OCWM may also assist with participant enrollment meetings and provide
investment-related educational seminars to plan participants on such topics as Diversification; Asset
include other
allocation, Risk tolerance; and Time horizon. Our educational seminars may
investment-related topics specific to the particular plan. OCWM may also provide additional pension
consulting services to plans on an individually negotiated basis. All services, whether discussed above
or customized for the plan based upon requirements from the plan fiduciaries (which may include
additional plan level or participant level services), shall be detailed in a written agreement and be
consistent with the parameters outlined in the plan documents.
As disclosed above, OCWM offers various levels of advisory and consulting services to employee
benefit plans ("Plan") and the participants of such plans (“Participants”). The services are designed to
assist plan sponsors in meeting their management and fiduciary obligations to Participants under the
Employee Retirement Income Securities Act (“ERISA”). Under adopted regulations of the U.S.
Department of Labor, OCWM is required to provide the Plan's responsible plan fiduciary (the person
who has the authority to engage OCWM as an investment adviser to the Plan) with a written statement
of the services provided to the Plan, the compensation OCWM receives for delivering those services,
and OCWM status (which is described below). The services OCWM provides to the Plan are described
above and in the service agreement signed with OCWM. OCWM’s compensation for these services is
described below, in Item 5, and in the service agreement. OCWM does not expect to receive any other
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compensation, direct or indirect, for the services OCWM provides to the Plan or Participants. If OCWM
receives any other compensation for such services, OCWM will (i) offset the compensation against
stated fees, and (ii) OCWM will promptly disclose the amount of such compensation, the services
rendered for such compensation, and the payer of such compensation to the Plan. In providing services
to the Plan and Participants, OCWM’s status is that of an investment adviser registered with the SEC.
OCWM is not subject to any disqualifications under Section 411 of ERISA. To the extent OCWM
performs fiduciary services, OCWM acts either as a fiduciary of the Plan as defined in Section 3(21)
under ERISA or as a discretionary fiduciary of the plan as defined in Section 3(38) under ERISA. The
agreement signed with OCWM will identify all relevant terms of the relationship, including the
applicable fiduciary status. In addition to servicing the employer, OCWM also offers “Micro planning”
to the employees, which entails 30-minute, one-on-one meetings with the employees once a year to
discuss their investments in an established plan and other financial planning topics.
Wrap Fee Programs
We do not participate in wrap fee programs.
ERISA Accounts
When we provide investment advice to you regarding your retirement plan account or individual
retirement account, we are fiduciaries within the meaning of Title I of ERISA and/or the Internal
Revenue Code (the “Code”), as applicable, which are laws governing retirement accounts. The way we
make money creates some conflicts with your interests, so we operate under a special rule that
requires us to act in your best interest and not put our interest ahead of yours. Under this special rule’s
provisions, we must:
● Meet a professional standard of care when making investment recommendations (give prudent
advice);
● Never put our financial interests ahead of yours when making recommendations (give loyal
advice);
● Avoid misleading statements about conflicts of interest, fees, and investments;
● Follow policies and procedures designed to ensure that we give advice that is in your best
interest;
● Charge no more than is reasonable for our services; and
● Give you basic information about conflicts of interest.
Assets Under Management
OCWM currently has $116,119,975 in discretionary assets under management as of December 31,
2025.
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Item 5: Fees and Compensation
How we are compensated depends on the type of advisory service we are performing. Please review
the fee and compensation information below.
Wealth Management Services
Fees are charged pursuant to an asset-based fee based on the assets designated to be under OCWM’s
management, a flat fee generally ranging between $10,000 and $30,000 per year based on a
proprietary complexity matrix, or a combination of both an asset-based fee and a flat fee based on a
proprietary complexity matrix. OCWM's minimum annual fee is $10,000 per year.
OCWM’s asset-based fee structure is generally structured as follows:
Client’s Assets Under OCWM’s Management
Annual Fee
From $0 to
$500,000
1.40%
From $500,001 to
$1,000,000
1.20%
From $1,000,001 to
$3,000,000
1.10%
From $3,000,001 to
$5,000,000
0.90%
From $5,000,001 to
$10,000,000
0.65%
$10,000,001 and above
0.40%
The fee schedule above is a “tiered” or “blended” fee schedule, which means that different annual fee
percentages will apply to different ranges of client assets under OCWM’s management.
Example: If OCWM manages $2,000,000 for a client, and the previous quarter had 90 days, the
client's quarterly fee would be $5,918. The formula we use is:
● Asset under management fee % * (the days in the quarter divided by the days in the year),
●
multiplied by the previous quarter-end value.
In this case,
o 1.40% * (90/365) * $500,000
o 1.20% * (90/365) * $499,999
o 1.10% * (90/365) * $1,000,001
The asset-based fee schedule described above is subject to customization based on a particular client’s
financial situation and the services to be rendered by OCWM, and OCWM’s proprietary
complexity-based flat fee may be charged in addition to or in lieu of the asset-based fee schedule.
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If a Third-Party Adviser is retained for portfolio management, OCWM's fee includes the Third-Party
Adviser's fee.
The wealth management fee is prorated and paid quarterly in advance. Prorated wealth management
fees are charged or refunded for intra-quarter client deposits and withdrawals in excess of $10,000,
respectively. The annual fee is re-evaluated yearly on the client's anniversary date. Advisory fees may
be directly debited from client brokerage accounts. In some cases, clients may choose to pay by
electronic funds transfer via a secure payment processor.
Upon termination of the engagement, OCWM will cease rendering any advice, performing any services,
or otherwise be associated with any of Client's accounts. It shall become Client's sole responsibility to
attend to Client's accounts thereafter. The Client shall be entitled to a pro-rata refund of any pre-paid
fees based upon the number of days in the applicable billing period before termination of the
engagement. The Client's engagement shall not automatically terminate in the event of Client's death
or disability. Instead, it shall be given full force and effect to the extent permitted by law until OCWM
has received instructions to the contrary from Client's duly-appointed legal representative.
To the extent OCWM fails to receive its fees from Client when due and payable, OCWM reserves the
right to impose a late fee of 1% per month for so long as such fees remain outstanding. OCWM reserves
the right to pursue all legal avenues to collect any outstanding fees that Client has failed to pay.
Financial Planning Hourly Fee
OCWM does not offer hourly financial planning as a stand-alone service. OCWM's hourly Financial
Planning fee begins at $300 per hour but can be raised depending on complexity. The fee may be
negotiable in some instances and is due at the completion of the engagement. In the event of early
termination by the client, any fees for the hours already worked will be due. Fees for this service may
be paid by electronic funds transfer or check.
Educational Seminars
Educational seminars are offered to organizations and the public on a variety of financial topics. Fees
range from free to $2,500 per seminar. Half of the fee is due before the engagement. The other half will
be invoiced the day of, no later than the conclusion of the seminar. The fee range is determined by the
content, amount of research conducted, the number of hours of preparation needed, and the number
of attendees. In the event of inclement weather or flight cancellation, the Speaker shall make all
reasonable attempts to make alternative travel arrangements to arrive in time for the presentation. If
travel proves impossible or the event is canceled, the Speaker's fee will be waived. However, the Client
will still be responsible for reimbursement of any non-refundable travel expenses already incurred.
If the Client decides to cancel or change the date of the event for any reason besides weather or similar
unforeseen causes, the Client will still be responsible for reimbursement of any non-refundable travel
expenses already incurred and will provide payment for 50% of the Speaker's fee if the cancellation
occurs within 30 days of the event. If the Speaker must cancel due to health or similar unforeseen
circumstances, the Speaker will make all attempts to find a reasonable alternative engagement date
and will absorb any additional incremental costs for obtaining alternative travel arrangements. If an
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alternative date cannot be obtained, the Client will not be responsible for any travel costs already
incurred by the Speaker or any portion of the Speaker's fee. Educational Seminars and Speaking
Engagements may be provided pro-bono at OCWM's discretion.
Other Types of Fees and Expenses
Our fees are exclusive of brokerage commissions, transaction fees, and additional related costs and
expenses incurred by the client. Clients may incur certain charges imposed by custodians, brokers, and
other third parties, such as custodial fees, deferred sales charges, odd-lot differentials, transfer taxes,
wire transfer, and electronic fund fees, and additional fees and taxes on brokerage accounts and
securities transactions. Mutual funds and exchange-traded funds also charge internal management
fees, which are disclosed in a fund's prospectus. Such charges, fees, and commissions are exclusive of
and in addition to our fee, and we shall not receive any portion of these commissions, fees, and costs.
Item 12 further describes the factors that we consider in selecting or recommending broker-dealers for
client's transactions and determining the reasonableness of their compensation (e.g., commissions).
We do not accept compensation for the sale of securities or other investment products, including
asset-based sales charges or service fees from the sale of mutual funds.
Retirement Plan Consulting Services
OCWM will be compensated for retirement plan services according to the value of plan assets based
on the following fee schedule.
Orchard City may charge a minimum fee of $10,000 per year. The annual fees are negotiable and are
pro-rated and paid in arrears on a quarterly basis. The retirement plan consulting fee is a blended fee
and is calculated by assessing the percentage rates using the predefined levels of assets as shown in
the above chart, resulting in a combined weighted fee.
Example:
If OCWM manages $10,000,000 for a plan, and the previous quarter had 90 days, the client’s
quarterly fee would be $11,712. The formula we use is:
● Assets under management fee % *(the days in the quarter divided by the days in the
year), multiplied by the previous quarter-end value.
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Plan consulting fees are directly debited from client accounts by the Third-Party Administrator.
Accounts initiated or terminated during a calendar quarter will be charged a pro-rated fee based on
the amount of time remaining in the billing period. An account may be terminated with written
notice. Upon termination of the account, any unearned fee will be refunded to the client.
Our fees and fee ranges as set forth herein reflect the typical fees we charge to clients; however, the
specific fees charged to a particular client will vary from client to client. Each client should review
the services agreement signed with us for the fees that will be charged and how fees will be payable.
Our fees may vary from client to client due to historical or ‘grandfathered’ fee schedules that are no
longer offered, the nature and scope of the services to be provided to the client, personal or familial
relationships with the client, and other factors that we deem relevant. Fees are negotiable, but we
reserve the right to accept or reject different fees proposed by the client. Lower fees for comparable
services may be available from other sources.
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Item 6: Performance-Based Fees and Side-By-Side
Management
Neither we nor any of our supervised persons accept performance-based fees (fees based on a share of
capital gains or capital appreciation of the assets of a client). Neither we nor any of our supervised
persons engage in side-by-side management.
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Item 7: Types of Clients
We provide financial planning and portfolio management services to individuals, high net-worth
individuals, charitable organizations, trusts, estates, and small businesses.
OCWM does not have a minimum account size requirement. OCWM does have a minimum annual fee
of $10,000 per year.
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Item 8: Methods of Analysis, Investment Strategies and Risk
of Loss
Our primary methods of investment analysis are fundamental and technical.
Fundamental analysis involves analyzing individual companies and their industry groups, such as a
company's financial statements, details regarding the company's product line, the experience and
expertise of the company's management, and the outlook for the company's industry. The resulting
data is used to measure the actual value of the company's stock compared to the current market value.
The risk of fundamental analysis is that information obtained may be incorrect, and the analysis may
not provide an accurate estimate of earnings, which may be the basis for a stock's value. If securities
prices adjust rapidly to new information, utilizing fundamental analysis may not result in favorable
performance.
Technical analysis involves using chart patterns, momentum, volume, and relative strength to pick
sectors that may outperform market indices. However, there is no assurance of accurate forecasts or
trends in the markets we follow. In the past, there have been periods without discernible patterns, and
similar periods will presumably occur in the future. Even where significant trends develop, outside
factors like government intervention could potentially shorten them.
Furthermore, one limitation of technical analysis is that it requires price movement data, which can
translate into price trends sufficient to dictate a market entry or exit decision. In a trendless or erratic
market, a technical method may fail to identify trends requiring action. Also, technical methods may
overreact to minor price movements, establishing positions contrary to overall price trends, which may
result in losses. Finally, a technical trading method may underperform other trading methods when
fundamental factors dominate price moves within a given market.
Use of Third-Party Advisers: The risk of investing with a Third-Party Adviser who has been successful in
the past is that he/she may not be able to replicate that success in the future. Also, as we do not
control the underlying investments in a Third-Party Adviser's portfolio. There is also a risk that a
manager may deviate from the stated investment mandate or strategy of the portfolio, making it a less
suitable investment for our clients. We do not control the manager's daily business and compliance
operations. As a result, we may be unaware of the lack of internal controls necessary to prevent
business, regulatory, or reputational deficiencies.
Passive Investment Management
We primarily practice passive investment management. Passive investing involves building portfolios
that are comprised of various distinct asset classes. The asset classes are weighted to achieve the
desired relationship between correlation, risk, and return. Funds that passively capture the
performances of the selected asset classes are used in the portfolio. The funds that are used to build
passive portfolios are typically index mutual funds or exchange-traded funds.
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The passive investment management philosophy is characterized by low portfolio expenses (i.e., the
funds inside the portfolio have low internal costs), minimal trading costs (due to infrequent trading
activity), and relative tax efficiency (because the funds inside the portfolio are tax-efficient and
turnover inside the portfolio is minimal).
In contrast, active management involves a single manager or managers who employ some method,
strategy, or technique to construct a portfolio intended to generate returns that are greater than the
broader market or a designated benchmark. Academic research indicates most active managers
underperform the market.
Material Risks Involved
All investing strategies offered involve risk and may result in a loss of your original investment, which
you should be prepared to bear. Many of these risks apply equally to stocks, bonds, commodities, and
any other investment or security. The material risks associated with our investment strategies are listed
below.
Market Risk: Market risk involves the possibility that an investment's current market value will fall
because of a general market decline, reducing the value of the investment regardless of the operational
success of the issuer's operations or its financial condition.
Strategy Risk: OCWM's investment strategies and investment techniques may not work as intended.
Small and Medium Cap Company Risk: Securities of companies with small and medium market
capitalizations are often more volatile and less liquid than investments in larger companies. Small and
medium cap companies may face a higher risk of business failure, increasing the volatility of the client's
portfolio.
Turnover Risk: At times, the strategy may have a higher portfolio turnover rate than other approaches.
A high portfolio turnover may result in greater brokerage commission expenses. It may also result in
the distribution of additional capital gains for tax purposes. These factors may negatively affect the
account's performance.
Limited markets: Certain securities may be less liquid (harder to sell or buy), and their prices may, at
times, be more volatile than at other times. Under certain market conditions, we may be unable to sell
or liquidate investments at prices we consider reasonable or favorable or find buyers at any price.
Concentration Risk: Certain investment strategies focus on particular asset-classes, industries, sectors,
or investment types. From time to time, these strategies may be subject to more significant risks of
adverse developments in such areas of focus than an approach that is more broadly diversified across a
wider variety of investments.
Interest Rate Risk: Bond (fixed income) prices generally fall when interest rates rise. The value may fall
below par value or the principal investment. The opposite is also generally true: bond prices typically
rise when interest rates fall. In general, fixed-income securities with longer maturities are more
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sensitive to these price changes. Most other investments are also sensitive to the level and direction of
interest rates.
Legal or Legislative Risk: Legislative changes or Court rulings may impact the value of investments or
the securities' claim on the issuer's assets and finances.
Inflation: Inflation may erode the buying power of your investment portfolio, even if the dollar value of
your investments remains the same.
Risks Associated with Securities
Apart from the general risks outlined above, which apply to all types of investments, specific securities
may have other risks.
Common stocks may go up and down in price quite dramatically. In the event of an issuer's bankruptcy
or restructuring, they could lose all value. A slower-growth or recessionary economic environment
could harm the price of all stocks.
Corporate Bonds are debt securities to borrow money. Generally, issuers pay investors periodic interest
and or repay the amount borrowed either periodically during the life of the security and at maturity.
Alternatively, investors can purchase other debt securities, such as zero-coupon bonds, which do not
pay current interest, but rather are priced at a discount from their face values. Their values accrete over
time to face value at maturity. The market prices of debt securities fluctuate depending on such factors
as interest rates, credit quality, and maturity. In general, market prices of debt securities decline when
interest rates rise and increase when interest rates fall. The longer the time to a bond's maturity, the
higher its interest rate risk.
Bank Obligations, including bonds and certificates of deposit, may be vulnerable to setbacks or panics
in the banking industry. Banks and other financial institutions are greatly affected by interest rates.
They may be adversely affected by downturns in the U.S. and foreign economies or changes in banking
regulations.
Municipal Bonds are debt obligations generally issued to obtain funds for various public purposes,
including the construction of public facilities. Municipal bonds pay a lower rate of return than most
other types of bonds. However, because of a municipal bond's tax-favored status, investors should
compare the relative after-tax return to the after-tax return of different bonds, depending on the
investor's tax bracket. Investing in municipal bonds carries the same general risks as investing in bonds
in general. Those risks include interest rate risk, reinvestment risk, inflation risk, market risk, call or
redemption risk, credit risk, and liquidity and valuation risk.
Exchange-traded funds prices may vary significantly from the Net Asset Value due to market
conditions. Particular exchange-traded funds may not track underlying benchmarks as expected. ETFs
are also subject to the following risks: (i) an ETF's shares may trade at a market price that is above or
below their net asset value; (ii) trading of an ETF's shares may stop if the listing exchange's officials
deem such action appropriate, the shares are delisted from the exchange, or the activation of
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market-wide "circuit breakers" (which are tied to large decreases in stock prices) halts stock trading
generally. OCWM has no control over the risks taken by the underlying funds in which clients invest.
Investment Companies Risk. When a client invests in open-end mutual funds or ETFs, the client
indirectly bears its proportionate share of any fees and expenses payable directly by those funds.
Therefore, the client will incur higher costs, many of which may be duplicative. Also, the client's overall
portfolio may be affected by losses of an underlying fund and the level of risk arising from an
underlying fund's investment practices (such as the use of derivatives).
Alternative Investment Risk. Alternative investments like private investment funds, private placements,
and other direct investments are often subject to liquidity restrictions, which means that a client may
not be able to redeem his or her investment until a redemption window is available. In addition, such
investments can be more volatile and less transparent than an exchange-listed security that trades daily
in an electronic marketplace. Alternative investments are generally more difficult to value than
exchange-listed securities, and therefore are more reliant on individual judgment as opposed to market
prices when determining a valuation. Investors into alternative investments are typically required to be
either accredited investors, qualified clients, or both, and should carefully consider the specific risks
described in the applicable private placement memorandum, limited partnership agreement, limited
liability company agreement, and/or other fund-related disclosure documents.
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Item 9: Disciplinary Information
There are no legal or disciplinary events that are material to a client’s or prospective client’s evaluation
of our advisory business or the integrity of our management.
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Item 10: Other Financial Industry Activities and Affiliations
Neither we nor any of our management persons are registered, or have an application pending to
register, as a broker-dealer or a registered representative of a broker-dealer.
Neither we nor any of our management persons are registered, or have an application pending to
register, as a futures commission merchant, commodity pool operator, a commodity trading advisor, or
an associated person of the foregoing entities.
Neither we nor any of our management persons have any relationship or arrangement with any related
person below:
● broker-dealer, municipal securities dealer, or government securities dealer or broker
●
investment company or other pooled investment vehicle (including a mutual fund, closed-end
investment company, unit investment trust, private investment company or “hedge fund,” and
offshore fund)
futures commission merchant, commodity pool operator, or commodity trading advisor
lawyer or law firm
insurance company or agency
● other investment adviser or financial planner
●
● banking or thrift institution
● accountant or accounting firm
●
●
● pension consultant
● real estate broker or dealer
● sponsor or syndicator of limited partnerships
Recommendations or Selections of Other Investment Advisors
As described earlier in Item 4 of this brochure, OCWM retains the authority to recommend or retain
one or more Third-Party Advisers to provide investment advisory, administrative, and other back-office
services to OCWM for the benefit of OCWM and its clients. OCWM does not receive any compensation
directly from such Third-Party Advisers, but they do offer services that are intended to directly benefit
OCWM, clients, or both. Such services include (a) an online platform through which OCWM can
monitor and review client accounts, create model portfolios, and perform other client account
maintenance matters, (b) access to technology that allows for client account aggregation, (c) quarterly
client statements, (d) invitations to educational conferences, (e) practice management consulting, (f)
access to discounted third-party software, and (g) occasional business meals and entertainment. The
availability of such services from a Third-Party Adviser creates a conflict of interest, to the extent
OCWM may be motivated to retain a Third-Party Adviser as opposed to an alternative Third-Party
Adviser (or to not retain one at all). OCWM addresses this conflict of interest by performing appropriate
due diligence on Third-Party Advisers to confirm their respective services are in the best interests of
clients, periodically evaluating alternatives, and evaluating the merit of Third-Party Advisers without
consideration for the benefits received by OCWM.
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Item 11: Code of Ethics, Participation or Interest in Client
Transactions and Personal Trading
As a fiduciary, OCWM and its associates have a duty of utmost good faith to act solely in each client's
best interests. Our clients entrust us with their funds and personal information, which in turn places a
high standard on our conduct and integrity. Our fiduciary duty is a core aspect of our Code of Ethics. It
represents the expected basis of all of our dealings. OCWM also adheres to the Code of Ethics and
Professional Responsibility adopted by the CFP® Board of Standards Inc. and accepts the obligation not
only to comply with the mandates and requirements of all applicable laws and regulations but also to
take responsibility to act in an ethical and professionally responsible manner in all professional services
and activities.
Code of Ethics Description
This code does not attempt to identify all possible conflicts of interest. Literal compliance with each of
its specific provisions will not shield associated persons from liability for personal trading or other
conduct that violates a fiduciary duty to advisory clients. A summary of the Code of Ethics' Principles is
outlined below.
●
Integrity - Associated persons shall offer and provide professional services with integrity.
● Objectivity - Associated persons shall be objective in providing professional services to clients.
● Competence - Associated persons shall provide services to clients competently and maintain the
necessary knowledge and skill to continue to do so in those areas in which they are engaged.
● Fairness - Associated persons shall perform professional services in a fair and reasonable
manner to clients, principals, partners, and employers. They shall disclose conflict(s) of interest
in providing such services.
● Confidentiality - Associated persons shall not disclose confidential client information without
the client's specific consent unless in response to proper legal process or as required by law.
● Professionalism - Associated persons' conduct in all matters shall reflect credit of the
profession.
● Diligence - Associated persons shall act diligently in providing professional services.
We periodically review and amend our Code of Ethics to ensure that it remains current. We require all
access persons to attest to their understanding of and adherence to the Code of Ethics at least
annually. OCWM will provide a copy of its Code of Ethics to any client or prospective client upon
request.
Investment Recommendations Involving a Material Financial Interest and Conflicts of Interest
Neither OCWM, its associates, or any related person is authorized to recommend to a client or effect a
transaction for a client, involving any security in which OCWM or a related person has a material
financial interest, such as in the capacity as an underwriter, advisor to the issuer, etc.
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Advisory Firm Purchase of Same Securities Recommended to Clients and Conflicts of Interest
From time to time, we or our related persons will invest in the same securities (or related securities
such as warrants, options or futures) that we or a related person recommend to clients. This has the
potential to create a conflict of interest because it affords us or our related persons the opportunity to
profit from the investment recommendations made to clients. Our policies and procedures and code of
ethics address this conflict of interest by prohibiting such trading by us or our related persons if it
would be to the detriment of any client and by monitoring for compliance through the reporting and
review of personal securities transactions. In all instances, we will act in the best interests of our
clients.
Trading Securities At/Around the Same Time as Client's Securities
From time to time, we or our related persons will buy or sell securities for client accounts at or about
the same time that we or a related person buys or sells the same securities for our own (or the related
person’s own) account. This has the potential to create a conflict of interest because it affords us or our
related persons the opportunity to trade either before or after the trade is made in client accounts, and
profit as a result. Our policies and procedures and code of ethics address this conflict of interest by
prohibiting such trading by us or its related persons if it would be to the detriment of any client and by
monitoring for compliance through the reporting and review of personal securities transactions. In all
instances, we will act in the best interests of our clients.
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Item 12: Brokerage Practices
We consider several factors when recommending a custodial broker-dealer for client transactions and
determining the reasonableness of such custodial broker-dealer’s compensation. Such factors include
the custodial broker-dealer’s
industry reputation and financial stability, service quality and
responsiveness, execution price, speed and accuracy, reporting abilities, and general expertise.
Assessing these factors as a whole allows us to fulfill our duty to seek best execution for client
securities transactions. However, we do not guarantee that the custodial broker-dealer recommended
for client transactions will necessarily provide the best possible price, as price is not the sole factor
considered when seeking best execution. After considering the factors above, we recommend Charles
Schwab & Co., Inc. (“Schwab”) as the custodial broker-dealer for client accounts.
Schwab is a registered broker-dealer, member SIPC, and a qualified custodian. Schwab will hold client
assets in a brokerage account and buy and sell securities when OCWM instructs them. While OCWM
recommends that the client use Schwab as the custodian/broker, the client will decide whether to do
so and will open an account(s) with Schwab by entering into an account agreement directly with
Schwab. OCWM does not open the account for the client, although OCWM may assist the client in
doing so. Although OCWM recommends Schwab, clients may custody their assets at a custodian of
their choice. By allowing clients to choose a specific custodian, OCWM may not achieve the most
favorable execution of client transactions. This may cost clients money over using a lower-cost
custodian.
Soft-Dollar Benefits; Receipt of Products and Services from Schwab
Schwab Advisor Services™ is Schwab's business serving independent investment advisory firms like
OCWM. Schwab provides OCWM and our clients with access to their institutional brokerage services
(trading, custody, reporting, and related services), many of which are not typically available to retail
customers.
We do not receive research and other soft dollar benefits in connection with client securities
transactions, which are known as “soft dollar benefits”. However, Schwab provides certain products and
services that are intended to directly benefit us, clients, or both. Such products and services include (a)
an online platform through which we can monitor and review client accounts, (b) access to proprietary
technology that allows for order entry, (c) duplicate statements for client accounts and confirmations
for client transactions, (d) invitations to Schwab’s educational conferences, (e) practice management
consulting, and (f) occasional business meals and entertainment.
Schwab may provide some of these services itself. In other cases, it will arrange for third-party vendors
to provide the services to OCWM. Schwab may also discount or waive their fees for some of these
services or pay all or a part of a third party's fees.
The receipt of these products and services creates a conflict of interest to the extent it causes us to
recommend Schwab as opposed to a comparable custodial broker-dealer. We address this conflict of
interest by fully disclosing it in this brochure, evaluating Schwab based on the value and quality of its
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services as realized by clients, and by periodically evaluating alternative custodial broker-dealers to
recommend.
Brokerage for Client Referrals
We do not receive referrals from a broker-dealer or a third party in exchange for using that
broker-dealer or third party.
Your Brokerage and Custody Costs
Schwab generally does not charge the client separately for custody services for clients' accounts that
Schwab maintains but is compensated by charging the client commission/transaction fees. Certain
trades (for example, many mutual funds and ETFs) may not incur commissions or transaction fees.
Schwab is also compensated by earning interest on the uninvested cash in the client's account(s).
Aggregating (Block) Trading for Multiple Client Accounts
We do not combine multiple orders for shares of the same securities purchased for advisory accounts
we manage (this practice is commonly referred to as "block trading"). Directing the purchase and sale
of securities for clients’ accounts on an individual basis, rather than in aggregate blocks, may result in
increased client transaction costs. To the extent the securities purchased and sold by us are mutual
funds (each of which generally price at the same respective net asset value at the end of each trading
day), we believe that the potential for increased client transaction costs by not aggregating orders is
substantially eliminated.
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Item 13: Review of Accounts
Client accounts managed by OCWM will be reviewed regularly by Ethan Pepper, Principal, Financial
Planner, and CCO. The account is reviewed concerning the client's investment policies and risk
tolerance levels. Events that may trigger a special review would be an unusual performance, additions
or deletions of client-imposed restrictions, excessive draw-down, volatility in performance, or buy and
sell decisions from OCWM or per client's needs.
Clients will receive trade confirmations from the broker(s) for each transaction in their accounts and
monthly or quarterly statements and annual tax reporting statements from their custodian showing all
activity in the accounts, such as receipt of dividends and interest.
OCWM will provide written reports to Wealth Management clients on at least an annual basis. We urge
clients to compare these reports against the account statements they receive from their custodian.
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Item 14: Client Referrals and Other Compensation
As referenced in Item 12 above, OCWM receives a non-economic benefit from Schwab in the form of
the support products and services. Schwab makes the same support products and services available to
other independent investment advisers whose clients maintain their accounts at Schwab. These
products and services, how they benefit us, and the related conflicts of interest are described above
(see Item 12 – Brokerage Practices). The availability to OCWM of Schwab products and services is not
based on OCWM giving particular investment advice, such as buying specific securities for clients.
OCWM periodically receives client referrals from websites where they may be listed. In no case will the
client pay any additional fees to OCWM for services if the referral comes from these listings.
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Item 15: Custody
For clients that do not have their fees deducted directly from their account(s), and have not provided
OCWM with any standing letters of authorization (“SLOAs”) to distribute funds from their account(s) to
third parties, OCWM will not have any custody of client funds or securities.
For clients that have their fees deducted directly from their account(s), or that have provided OCWM
with discretion as to amount and timing of disbursements pursuant to an SLOA to disburse funds from
their account(s) to third parties, OCWM will generally be deemed to have custody over such clients’
funds pursuant to applicable custody rules and guidance thereto. At no time will OCWM accept custody
of client funds or securities in the capacity of a custodial broker-dealer or other qualified custodian, and
at all times client accounts will be held by a third-party qualified custodian as described in Item 12,
above.
With respect to custody that is triggered by third party SLOAs, OCWM endeavors to comply with the
following seven conditions as listed in the 2017 SEC No Action Letter to the Investment Adviser
Association:
1. The client provides an instruction to the qualified custodian, in writing, that includes the client’s
signature, the third party’s name, and either the third party’s address or the third party’s
account number at a custodian to which the transfer should be directed.
2. The client authorizes the investment adviser, in writing, either on the qualified custodian’s form
or separately, to direct transfers to the third party either on a specified schedule or from time to
time.
3. The client’s qualified custodian performs appropriate verification of the instruction, such as a
signature review or other method to verify the client’s authorization, and provides a transfer of
funds notice to the client promptly after each transfer.
4. The client has the ability to terminate or change the instruction to the client’s qualified
custodian.
5. The investment adviser has no authority or ability to designate or change the identity of the
third party, the address, or any other information about the third party contained in the client’s
instruction.
6. The investment adviser maintains records showing that the third party is not a related party of
the investment adviser or located at the same address as the investment adviser.
7. The client’s qualified custodian sends the client, in writing, an initial notice confirming the
instruction and an annual notice reconfirming the instruction.
If a client receives account statements from both the custodial broker-dealer and OCWM or a
third-party report provider, client is urged to compare such account statements and advise OCWM of
any discrepancies between them.
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Item 16: Investment Discretion
For those client accounts where OCWM provides investment management services, OCWM maintains
discretion over client accounts concerning securities to be bought and sold and the amount of
securities to be bought and sold. Investment discretion is explained to clients in detail when an
advisory relationship has commenced. At the start of the advisory relationship, the client will execute a
Limited Power of Attorney, granting OCWM discretion over the account(s). Additionally, the
discretionary relationship will be outlined in the advisory contract and signed by the client(s).
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Item 17: Voting Client Securities
We do not vote Client proxies. Therefore, Clients maintain exclusive responsibility for (1) voting proxies
and (2) acting on corporate actions about the Client's investment assets. The Client shall instruct the
Client's qualified custodian to forward the Client copies of all proxies and shareholder communications
relating to the Client's investment assets. If the client wants OCWM's opinion on a particular proxy
vote, they may contact OCWM at the number listed on the cover of this brochure.
In most cases, the client will receive proxy materials directly from the account custodian. However, in
the event OCWM were to receive any written or electronic proxy materials, OCWM would forward
them directly to the client by mail unless the client has authorized OCWM to contact the client by
electronic mail, in which case, OCWM will forward the client any electronic solicitation to vote proxies.
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Item 18: Financial Information
We do not require or solicit prepayment of more than $1,200 in fees per client, six months or more in
advance. We have no financial condition that is reasonably likely to impair our ability to meet
contractual commitments to clients. We have not been the subject of a bankruptcy petition at any time
during the past ten years.
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