Overview
Assets Under Management: $306 million
Headquarters: DALLAS, TX
High-Net-Worth Clients: 16
Average Client Assets: $10 million
Services Offered
Services: Portfolio Management for Individuals, Portfolio Management for Pooled Investment Vehicles
Fee Structure
Primary Fee Schedule (PALOGIC VALUE MANAGEMENT, L.P. FORM ADV PART 2A DISCLOSURE BROCHURE)
| Min | Max | Marginal Fee Rate |
|---|---|---|
| $0 | and above | 1.50% |
Illustrative Fee Rates
| Total Assets | Annual Fees | Average Fee Rate |
|---|---|---|
| $1 million | $15,000 | 1.50% |
| $5 million | $75,000 | 1.50% |
| $10 million | $150,000 | 1.50% |
| $50 million | $750,000 | 1.50% |
| $100 million | $1,500,000 | 1.50% |
Clients
Number of High-Net-Worth Clients: 16
Percentage of Firm Assets Belonging to High-Net-Worth Clients: 46.42
Average High-Net-Worth Client Assets: $10 million
Total Client Accounts: 60
Discretionary Accounts: 60
Regulatory Filings
CRD Number: 155133
Last Filing Date: 2024-05-29 00:00:00
Website: https://palogicfund.com
Form ADV Documents
Additional Brochure: PALOGIC VALUE MANAGEMENT, L.P. FORM ADV PART 2A APPENDIX 1: WRAP FEE PROGRAM BROCHURE (2025-03-31)
View Document Text
Item 1 – Cover Page
Form ADV Part 2A Appendix 1: Wrap Fee Program Brochure
PALOGIC VALUE MANAGEMENT, L.P.
8333 Douglas Avenue, Suite 775
Dallas, Texas 75225
Phone: 214-871-2700
https://www.palogicwm.com/
March 31, 2025
This Wrap Fee Program Brochure (the “Wrap Fee Brochure”) provides information about the qualifications and
business practices of Palogic Value Management, L.P. (the “Firm,” “Palogic,” “Adviser, “us,” or “we”). If you
have any questions about the content of this brochure, please contact us at (214) 871-2700. The information in
this brochure has not been approved or verified by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) or
by any state securities authority. Palogic Value Management, L.P. is a registered investment adviser with the
SEC. The registration of an investment adviser does not imply any particular level of skill or training. This
brochure does not constitute an offer, solicitation, or recommendation to sell or an offer to buy any securities,
investment products or investment advisory services. Such an offer may only be made to eligible persons by
means of delivery of offering documents and other similar materials that contain a description of the material
terms relating to such investment, products, or services. Additional information about Palogic Value
Management, L.P. is available on the SEC’s website at www.adviserinfo.sec.gov.
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Item 2 – Material Changes
Palogic believes that communication and transparency are the foundation of its relationship with its clients and
will continually strive to provide you with complete and accurate information at all times. The Firm encourages
all current and prospective investors and clients to carefully read this Wrap Fee Brochure in its entirety and
discuss any questions you may have with the Firm.
The information set forth in this Wrap Fee Brochure is qualified in its entirety by the applicable governing,
offering and/or account documents. In the event of a conflict between the information set forth in this Disclosure
Brochure and the information in the applicable governing, offering, and/or account documents, such documents
shall control.
Material Changes
Since the last annual update to the Form ADV Part 2A on March 31, 2024, material changes to this Wrap Fee
Brochure include amendments to the following items:
• We made updates to reflect that Ryan Vardeman is not actively engaged in any other business activities.
See Part 2B of Form ADV: Part 2A, Appendix 1 Wrap Fee Program Brochure Supplement, Ryan
Vardeman, Item 4 – Other Business Activities.
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Item 3 – Table of Contents
Item 1 – Cover Page ........................................................................................................................................ 1
Item 2 – Material Changes ............................................................................................................................... 2
Item 3 – Table of Contents .............................................................................................................................. 3
Item 4 – Services, Fees, and Compensation .................................................................................................... 4
Item 5 – Account Requirements and Types of Clients .................................................................................... 7
Item 6 – Portfolio Manager Selection and Evaluation ..................................................................................... 7
Item 7 – Client Information Provided to Portfolio Managers .......................................................................... 7
Item 8 – Client Contact with Portfolio Managers ............................................................................................ 8
Item 9 – Additional Information ...................................................................................................................... 8
Part 2B Disclosure Brochure Supplement ....................................................................................................... 9
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Item 4 – Services, Fees, and Compensation
A. Types of Advisory Services
The Program sponsored by the Adviser offers individual high net worth investors, individual
investors, trusts, foundations and charitable organizations and small entities (each, a “Client”) with
the ability to trade in certain investment products without incurring separate brokerage
commissions or transaction charges.
To join the Program, a Client must:
1. Complete an investment management agreement (an “IMA”) with the Adviser, which
includes a Client Profile that asks about the Client’s financial needs, investment objectives,
risk tolerance, as well as other factors relevant to the client’s specific financial situation
and other supporting documentation the Program requires;
2. Complete a new account agreement with Raymond James RIA & Custody Services
Division (“Raymond James”); and
3. Open a securities brokerage account (an “Account”) with Raymond James and deposit
assets designated for participation in the Program into the Account.
After an analysis of all information provided by the Client, the Adviser assists the Client in
developing an appropriate investment strategy for the assets in their Account. Thereafter, all Clients
are encouraged to discuss their needs, goals, and objectives with the Adviser and to keep the Adviser
informed of any changes thereto. The Adviser contacts ongoing Clients at least annually to review
its previous services and/or recommendations and to determine whether changes should be made
to their investment strategy.
Palogic will generally be responsible for determining the client investment objectives based on the
client’s individual needs and circumstances. Factors that are to be considered include, but are not
limited to, liquidity constraints, cash availability, account size, risk appetite, and investment
horizon among others. The combination of these factors will generally determine the asset
allocation for a Client.
Model-Based Program Strategies
As of the date of this Wrap Fee Brochure, the Program offers six diversified strategies for its
Clients:
• Equity Growth – A basket of public equity securities whose market capitalizations
generally exceed $3 billion in normal market conditions. These securities are selected
because of the managers belief that the security will provide capital appreciation and
income from a combination of earnings growth, sales growth, cash flow, and dividend
payouts. For the equity growth portfolio, it is generally anticipated that earnings and sales
growth will be the primary drivers of capital appreciation. There will be occasions when a
public equity security will be considered for both the growth and value portfolio. Factors
that are expected to be considered when making an allocation to this basket include
liquidity constraints, cash availability, account size, risk appetite, investment horizon, tax
considerations, and current portfolio construction, among others. Depending on the
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client’s individual needs and circumstances, a client may have more, or fewer Equity
Growth securities allocated to their portfolio and in potentially different weightings than
other clients.
• Equity Value – A basket of public equity securities whose market capitalizations generally
exceed $3 billion in normal market conditions. These securities are selected because of the
managers belief that the securities will provide income and capital appreciation from a
combination of cash flow, and dividend payouts, earnings growth, and sales growth. For
the equity value portfolio, it is generally anticipated that cash flow and dividends will be
the primary drivers of capital appreciation. There will be occasions when a public equity
security will be considered for both the growth and value portfolio. Factors that are
expected to be considered when making an allocation to this basket include liquidity
constraints, cash availability, account size, risk appetite, investment horizon, tax
considerations, and current portfolio construction, among others. Depending on the client’s
individual needs and circumstances, a client may have more, or fewer Equity Growth
securities allocated to their portfolio and in potentially different weightings than other
clients.
•
• Corporate Income – A basket of publicly-traded, corporate income securities that
generally will consist of preferred equity/notes/convertible notes/subordinated debentures.
These securities are selected because of the managers belief that the securities will provide
income from interest and debt re-payments while also offering the opportunity for capital
appreciation depending upon yield movements and underlying borrower financial health.
Factors that are expected to be considered when making an allocation to this basket include
liquidity constraints, cash availability, account size, risk appetite, investment horizon, tax
considerations, and current portfolio construction, among others. Depending on the client’s
individual needs and circumstances, a client may have more, or fewer corporate fixed
income securities allocated to their portfolio and in potentially different weightings than
other clients.
Income Opportunity – A basket of publicly traded ETFs and closed end funds whose
underlying holdings generally consist of fixed income securities or debentures of unique
corporate issuers. These securities are selected because of the managers belief that the
securities will provide income from interest and debt repayments while also offering the
opportunity for capital appreciation depending upon yield movements and underlying
borrower health. Factors that are expected to be considered when making an allocation to
this basket include liquidity constraints, cash availability, account size, risk appetite,
investment horizon, tax considerations, and current portfolio construction, among others.
Depending on the client’s individual needs and circumstances, a client may have more, or
fewer Fixed Income securities allocated to their portfolio and in potentially different
weightings than other clients. Although a client’s individual needs may vary, it is generally
likely that there may exist an overlap of investments between Corporate Income and
Corporate Income ETFs.
• Equity Aggressive Income – A basket of public equity securities that are selected because
of the managers belief that the security will provide income and capital appreciation from
a combination of dividend payouts and cash flow. Factors that are expected to be
considered when making an allocation to this basket include liquidity constraints, cash
availability, account size, risk appetite, investment horizon, tax considerations, and current
portfolio construction, among others. Depending on the client’s individual needs and
circumstances, a client may have more, or fewer aggressive yield equity securities
allocated to their portfolio and in potentially different weightings than other clients.
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• Municipal Income – A basket of municipal income closed end funds and publicly traded
ETF’s that are selected because of the managers belief that the securities will provide
income from interest and debt re-payments while also offering the opportunity for capital
appreciation depending upon yield movements and underlying borrower health. Factors
that are expected to be considered when making an allocation to this basket include
liquidity constraints, cash availability, account size, risk appetite, investment horizon, tax
considerations, and current portfolio construction, among others. Depending on the client’s
individual needs and circumstances, a client may have more, or fewer municipal
investments allocated to their portfolio and in potentially different weightings than other
clients. A client may also direct, individual municipal investments included in their
portfolio.
In exchange for participating in the Program, the Adviser charges each Client an annualized fee
(the “Program Fee”), which is charged quarterly in advance, based upon the balance of the Assets
as of the close of business on the last day of the immediately preceding quarter. The Program Fee,
which is negotiable, varies between 0.5% and 1.25% of assets on an annual basis depending on the
percentage of the market value of the assets under management for the Client. As such, fees are
tailored depending on the relevant factors of the Client and may vary from client to client. No exact
percentage of the total Program Fee is paid to the Adviser; rather the Adviser uses whatever is
necessary to cover costs incurred in executing transactions for its Clients and keeps the remaining
portion as compensation for providing advisory services. The Program Fee includes the fees for both
advisory services and the fees for execution of brokerage transactions.
In addition, Palogic may, in its sole discretion, negotiate to charge a lesser fee based upon certain
criteria, such as anticipated future earning capacity, anticipated future additional assets, dollar
amount of assets to be managed, related accounts, account composition, pre-existing/legacy client
relationship, account retention and pro bono activities. The Adviser does not currently charge fees
with respect to advice regarding 529 College Savings Plans.
B. Cost of Using the Program
Under the Program, Clients receive both investment advisory services and the execution of
transactions in their Account for a single, combined, fee based on the amount of assets in their
Accounts. Participation in the Program may cost Clients more or less than purchasing advisory and
brokerage services separately. Additionally, the Program Fee may be higher or lower than fees
charged by other sponsors of comparable wrap fee programs. The relative cost of the Program
versus paying on a per transaction basis is based upon the number of transactions made in the
Client’s Account and the commission rates and other transaction costs that would be charged
outside of the Program. Securities and funds available through the Program can be purchased outside
of the Program (e.g., Mutual Funds are available directly from the funds pursuant to the terms of
their prospectuses) and without the additional on-going Program Fee associated with the Program.
C. Costs in Addition to the Program Fee
In addition to the Program Fee, Clients may also incur certain charges imposed by unaffiliated third
parties. Such charges include, but are not limited to, custodial fees, transfer taxes, margin fees (if
granted), charges imposed directly by a mutual fund, index fund, or exchange traded fund
purchased for the Account which will be disclosed in the fund’s prospectus (e.g., fund management
fees and other fund expenses), fees imposed by variable annuity providers and disclosed in the
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annuity contract, certain deferred sales charges, odd-lot differentials, transfer taxes, wire transfer
and electronic fund fees, and other fees and taxes on brokerage accounts and securities transactions.
All such charges shall be the Client’s sole responsibility and shall be paid by the Account.
D. Additional Compensation to the Adviser
In addition to the Program Fee, pursuant to a Client Benefit Confirmation Agreement with
Raymond James, Palogic may receive a client cash benefit (the “Client Benefit Program) from
Raymond James based on total regulatory assets under management in the Program, which presents
a conflict of interest between clients in the Program and the Firm. For additional information
regarding the Client Benefit Program, clients can contact the Adviser. In addition, Palogic may
receive reimbursement of expenses from Raymond James as well as other benefits to help offset
costs associated with establishing the Program.
Item 5 – Account Requirements and Types of Clients
The Adviser provides investment advisory services to individual high net worth investors, individual
investors, trusts, foundations and charitable organizations, and small entities. The Adviser does not require
that each Account exceed a minimum asset amount prior to accepting the account holder as a Client.
Item 6 – Portfolio Manager Selection and Evaluation
A. Portfolio Managers
The Program is custom designed and constructed by Ryan Vardeman, Robert Peters, and Scott
Williams who are related persons. The team approach to the investment process is collaborative and
supportive to help ensure coverage for all client accounts. The team uses an internal process to
calculate performance utilizing third party software (e.g., Advyzon) and may also be calculated by
the custodian (e.g., Raymond James) if agreed within the IMA. As such, the performance
information may not be calculated on a uniform and consistent basis.
Certain conflicts may arise in connection with related persons. The Adviser mitigates these risks
by following its general policy to attempt to allocate in its sole discretion after factoring
considerations such as investment guidelines, risk, size and nature of the investments among other
factors. The Firm implements and follows procedures it believes are reasonably designed to help
ensure clients are treated fairly over time, and to prevent conflicts from influencing the allocation
of investment opportunities among clients.
B. Additional Information
Additional information can be found in Items 4, 6, 8, and 17 of the Adviser’s Form ADV Part 2A
– Disclosure Brochure.
Item 7 – Client Information Provided to Portfolio Managers
The Adviser does not provide Client information to other portfolio managers other than the portfolio managers
listed in item 6A.
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Item 8 – Client Contact with Portfolio Managers
There are no restrictions on the Clients’ ability to contact and consult with the Adviser or any portfolio
manager of the Adviser. The portfolio managers are available to be consulted regarding any account-related
questions.
Item 9 – Additional Information
A. Disciplinary Information and Other Financial Industry Activities
Please see Item 9 and Item 10 of the Adviser’s Form ADV Part 2A – Disclosure Brochure.
B. Code of Ethics, Participation or Interest in Client Transactions and Personal Trading
Please see Items 11, 13, 14, and 18 of the Adviser’s Form ADV Part 2A – Disclosure Brochure.
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Primary Brochure: PALOGIC VALUE MANAGEMENT, L.P. FORM ADV PART 2A DISCLOSURE BROCHURE (2025-03-31)
View Document Text
Item 1 – Cover Page
Form ADV Part 2A – Disclosure Brochure
Palogic Value Management, L.P.
8333 Douglas Avenue, Suite 775
Dallas, TX 75225
Phone: (214) 871-2700
https://palogicfund.com/
March 31, 2025
is available on
This Form ADV 2A (“Disclosure Brochure”) provides information about the qualifications and business practices
of Palogic Value Management, L.P. (the “Firm,” “Palogic,” “General Partner,” “Adviser, “us,” or “we”). If you
have any questions about the content of this Disclosure Brochure, please contact us at (214) 871-2700. The
information in this Disclosure Brochure has not been approved or verified by the U.S. Securities and Exchange
Commission (“SEC”) or by any state securities authority. Palogic Value Management, L.P. is a registered
investment adviser with the SEC. The registration of an investment adviser does not imply any particular level of
skill or training. This Disclosure Brochure does not constitute an offer, solicitation, or recommendation to sell or
an offer to buy any securities, investment products or investment advisory services. Such an offer may only be
made to eligible persons by means of delivery of offering and/or governing documents and other similar materials
that contain a description of the material terms relating to such investment, products, or services. Additional
information about Palogic Value Management, L.P.
the SEC’s website at
www.adviserinfo.sec.gov.
1
Item 2 – Material Changes
Palogic believes that communication and transparency are the foundation of its relationship with its clients and
will continually strive to provide you with complete and accurate information at all times. The Firm encourages
all current and prospective investors and clients to carefully read this Disclosure Brochure in its entirety and
discuss any questions you may have with the Firm.
The information set forth in this Disclosure Brochure is qualified in its entirety by the applicable governing,
offering and/or account documents. In the event of a conflict between the information set forth in this Disclosure
Brochure and the information in the applicable governing, offering, and/or account documents, such documents
shall control.
Material Changes
The date of the last annual updating amendment to this Disclosure Brochure was March 31, 2024.
A summary of certain of the material changes that have been made to this Disclosure Brochure since the date of our last
annual updating amendment is set forth below:
• We updated our address on the cover page hereto.
• We made various additions, revisions and updates to the risk factor disclosures set forth in Item 8. See
Item 8 – Methods of Analysis, Investment Strategies and Risk of Loss, General Market and Economic
Conditions, Disruption in the Financial Services Industry, Public Health Risk, Regulatory Developments,
New Private Fund Adviser Rules, AML Rules, New Presidential Administration, Government
Intervention, Changes in Government Policy, Geopolitical Risks, Terrorist Attacks, War and Natural
Disasters, Inflation, Cash and Cash Equivalents, Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning
Developments, Use of Artificial Intelligence, Data Analytics, and Similar Tools, Investment in Smaller
Companies, Short Selling, Trading Decisions, and Interest Rate Risks.
2
Item 3 – Table of Contents
Item 1 – Cover Page ............................................................................................................................................................ 1
Item 2 – Material Changes ................................................................................................................................................... 2
Item 3 – Table of Contents .................................................................................................................................................. 3
Item 4 – Advisory Business ................................................................................................................................................. 4
Item 5 – Fees and Compensation ......................................................................................................................................... 6
Item 6 – Performance-Based Fees and Side-By-Side Management .................................................................................... 8
Item 7 – Types of Clients .................................................................................................................................................... 9
Item 8 – Methods of Analysis, Investment Strategies, and Risk of Loss .......................................................................... 10
Item 9 – Disciplinary Information ..................................................................................................................................... 36
Item 10 – Other Financial Industry Activities and Affiliations ......................................................................................... 37
Item 11 – Code of Ethics, Participation or Interest in Client Transactions and Personal Trading .................................... 38
Item 12 – Brokerage Practices ........................................................................................................................................... 40
Item 13 – Review of Accounts .......................................................................................................................................... 43
Item 14 – Client Referrals and Other Compensation ......................................................................................................... 44
Item 15 – Custody ............................................................................................................................................................. 45
Item 16 – Investment Discretion ....................................................................................................................................... 46
Item 17 – Voting Client Securities .................................................................................................................................... 47
Item 18 – Financial Information ........................................................................................................................................ 48
3
Item 4 – Advisory Business
Palogic Value Management, L.P. is a registered investment adviser with the Securities and Exchange Commission. The
Firm is organized as a limited partnership under the laws of the state of Delaware. Palogic was formed in 2006 and is
owned by Ryan Vardeman, Robert Peters and Scott Williams (together, the “Principals”), and Palogic Capital
Management, LLC, the general partner of the Firm owned and controlled by Ryan Vardeman.
Funds
Palogic provides investment management services with respect to two private pooled investment vehicles, the Palogic
Value Fund, L.P. (the “Master Fund”) and Palogic Offshore Value Fund, Ltd. (“Offshore Fund”) and may in the future
provide investment management services to other private pooled investment vehicles. References herein to a “Fund” or
“Funds” refer to the Master Fund and the Offshore Fund collectively. The Offshore Fund invests substantially all of its
assets in, and conducts its investment activities indirectly through, the Master Fund, pursuant to a mini-master structure.
We have full discretionary authority with respect to investment decisions, and our investment advisory services are
provided in accordance with the investment objectives and guidelines set forth in the Fund’s offering and/or governing
documents. The information set forth in this Disclosure Brochure is qualified in its entirety by the Fund’s offering and/or
governing documents.
We serve as general partner (the “General Partner”) and investment manager of the Funds. We are responsible for investing
and re-investing the assets of the Funds in securities, financial instruments and/or other assets in accordance with the
investment objectives, policies and guidelines set forth in the Funds’ offering and/or governing documents. Investors in
the Funds are not permitted to impose restrictions on investments in certain securities or types of securities. The Funds
interests are offered strictly to sophisticated investors, including but not limited to high-net-worth individuals, pension
plans, funds of funds, family offices, endowments and other institutions who meet the qualification standards of the
Funds.
The Firm provides advisory services to the Funds with the goal to achieve significant long-term capital appreciation
while limiting the risk of capital loss. The Firm seeks to assess the intrinsic value of its investments as compared to the
value based on the prevailing market price. Where a disconnect between “intrinsic value” and “market value” exists,
the Firm seeks to exploit the gap. The Firm may take long and short positions in a variety of asset classes: common and
preferred equity, bonds, notes, options, index securities, hedging instruments such as futures derivatives and currency
contracts, private equity and mezzanine securities and any other financial instrument that the General Partner believes
offers the potential for attractive returns. It is expected that the Funds will also engage in short selling, margin trading,
hedging, securities lending and other investment strategies.
Additional information regarding the Funds, including, but not limited to, their investments, the strategies used in
managing the Funds, and conflicts of interest faced by the Firm in connection with the management of the Funds can be
found in the Funds’ offering documents. Investment in the Funds does not, in and of itself, create an advisory relationship
between an investor in such Funds and us. See Item 8 below.
Wrap Fee Program
In addition to the Funds, the Firme offers and sponsors a Wrap Fee Program (the “Program”) to individual high net
worth investors, individual investors, trusts, foundations and charitable organizations and small entities with the ability
to trade in certain investment products without incurring separate brokerage commissions or transaction charges. The
Adviser provides investment advisory services to each client based on the particular investment objectives, guidelines,
restrictions, and other information provided by the client and pursuant to an Investment Management Agreement
(“IMA”) with the client. These are tailored services based on the needs of the clients. The clients may impose reasonable
restrictions on investing in certain securities or types of securities. Palogic covers costs incurred in executing transactions
for its clients and keep the remaining portion as compensation for providing the advisory services. The Firm provides
4
the Form ADV Part 2A Appendix 1: Wrap Fee Program brochure to each client before or at the time the client enters into
an IMA for the Program. There are certain differences between how we manage accounts in the Program versus how we
manage the Funds. See Items 5, 8 and 12 below.
For example, in the Program, Palogic generally is responsible for determining the client investment objectives based
on the client’s individual needs and circumstances. Factors that are expected to be considered include liquidity
constraints, cash availability, account size, risk appetite, and investment horizon among others. The combination of
these factors will generally determine the asset allocation for a Program client. Palogic will receive a portion of the
wrap fee for its services. In the Funds, Palogic has broad investment discretion with a goal of capital appreciation.
Regulatory Assets Under Management
As of December 31, 2024, the Firm had $338,520,081 in regulatory assets under management, all of which are managed
on a discretionary basis.
5
Item 5 – Fees and Compensation
Funds
The fees and expenses associated with an investment in the Funds are as defined exclusively in the Fund’s offering
documents. Our advisory fees with respect to the Fund and each investor generally are not negotiable. However,
we may enter into side letters or similar arrangements with certain investors that grant different terms (including
the reduction or elimination of fees) to such investors than the terms generally applicable to other investors. The
Firm, in its sole discretion, may manage other funds or accounts with higher or lower fees, different fee structures
and different expense payment arrangements than the Funds.
Set forth below is a description of the fees and expenses:
Management Fees. Subject to the Firm’s discretion to charge a different amount as applicable to a particular
investor of the Funds, the Funds pay to the Firm, on the first business day of each calendar quarter in advance, a
management fee (the “Management Fee”) equal to 0.375% (1.5% per annum) of the aggregate capital account
balance of each investor of the Funds as of the first day of the applicable calendar quarter, or the first day after
each closing with respect to a new investor, as appropriate, which amount is debited against the capital account of
such investor. In the event of a withdrawal by an investor of the Funds other than as of the last day of a calendar
quarter, a pro rata portion of the Management Fee, based upon the actual number of days remaining in such quarter
as of the date of such withdrawal, is repaid by the General Partner to the Funds for credit to such investor’s capital
account.
Performance Allocation. Subject to certain terms, limitations, and conditions, as of the close of each performance
period, a performance-based allocation (the “Performance Allocation”) is re-allocated from the capital account of
each Fund investor to the capital account of Palogic Value Management II, LP, an affiliate of the Firm and special
limited partner of the Fund. Subject to the Firm’s discretion to charge a different amount as applicable to a
particular investor of the Funds, the Performance Allocation is equal to either 20% or 15% of excess profits over
preferred return/high-water mark threshold. Every investor in the Fund that is charged such a Performance
Allocation is required to be a “qualified client”, as defined in Section 205(a)(1)(d)(1) of the Investment Advisers
Act of 1940, as amended (the “Advisers Act”).
Organizational Expenses. The Fund generally bears its own expenses of the organization of the Fund and the
offering of the Fund interests to investors, including legal and accounting fees, printing costs, travel, “blue sky”
filing fees and expenses and out-of- pocket expenses. The organizational expenses borne by the Fund are described
in full detail in the Fund offering documents.
Direct Expenses of the Fund. The Fund generally bears all costs and expenses directly related to its investments or
prospective investments, including brokerage commissions and other transaction costs, expenses related to proxies,
underwriting and private placements, interest and commitment fees on debit balances or borrowings, borrowing charges
on securities sold short, custody fees and fees of professional advisers and consultants relating to investments or
prospective investments and any withholding or transfer taxes imposed on the Fund or any of the partners. The Fund also
generally bears all costs of the administration and operation of the Fund, including (i) accounting, audit and legal
expenses, (ii) costs of any litigation or investigation instituted against the Fund or its investors, (iii) the costs, fees and
expenses of any outside appraisers, accountants, attorneys or other experts or professionals engaged by the Firm, as well
as other expenses directly related to the Fund’s investments, (iv) costs associated with reporting and providing
information to existing and prospective investors, (v) any governmental, regulatory, licensing, filing or registration fees
incurred in compliance with the rules of any self- regulatory organization or any federal, state or local laws, (vi) costs
6
related to the preparation of the Fund’s tax returns and keeping of its books and records, (vii) expenses incurred in
obtaining systems, research or data providers and other information utilized for portfolio management purposes,
including related hardware and software, (viii) costs of holding any meetings of investors, (ix) risk management and
Fund compliance costs, and (x) the costs of any liability insurance obtained on behalf of the Fund or the Firm. The Firm
may, in its sole discretion, choose to absorb any such expenses incurred on behalf of the Fund. The direct expenses
borne by the Fund are described in full detail in the Fund offering documents and are deducted monthly. See Item 12
below.
Wrap Fee Program
The fee for the services provided to clients in the Program (“Program Fee”) is a percentage of the market value of the
client’s assets under management pursuant to the IMA. The Program Fee, which can be negotiated, includes the fees
for both advisory services and the execution of brokerage transactions. The Program Fee is charged quarterly in advance
and is typically deducted directly from the custodial accounts. In the event that an IMA is terminated mid-quarter, the
client will be entitled to a pro-rated refund of the pre-paid Program Fee for the applicable quarter based on the number
of days remaining in the quarter after the IMA is terminated. In evaluating a Wrap Fee Program, a client should also
consider that, depending upon the level of the wrap fee charged by the broker-dealer, the amount of portfolio activity
in the client’s account, and other factors, the wrap fee may or may not exceed the aggregate cost of such services if they
were to be provided separately.
Client portfolios are sometimes invested in third-party, unaffiliated money market funds, mutual funds or Exchange
Traded Funds (“ETFs”) where these funds (and ultimately the client) pay a management fee and incur other fees. The
Program Fee is separate and distinct from the fees and expenses charged by money market funds, mutual funds and/or
ETFs to their shareholders. In most cases, cash balances are part of the total assets on which the Firm charges a
management fee. The fund fees will generally include a management fee, other fund expenses and a possible distribution
fee. Clients should refer to each fund prospectus for more details on all applicable fees and expenses. Clients should
review both the fees charged by the funds and the Firm’s fees to fully understand the total amount of fees to be paid by
the client and to evaluate the advisory services being provided. Palogic does not direct investment of clients in the
Program’s assets into the Fund or make recommendations to clients in the Program to invest in the Fund. However,
Palogic does not prohibit clients in the Program from making an independent decision to invest in the Fund with the
acknowledgment regarding the Fund's fees that are also separate and distinct from the Program Fee.
Please refer to the Form ADV Part 2A Appendix 1: Wrap Fee Program brochure for more information on fees and
expenses for the Program.
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Item 6 – Performance-Based Fees and Side-By-Side Management
Performance-Based Fees
As noted under Item 5 above, the Firm generally receives a Performance Allocation from the Funds, as more fully
described in the Funds’ offering documents.
The Performance Allocation arrangements may give the Firm an incentive to engage in more speculative investment
strategies in order to potentially receive greater compensation. In addition, because the Performance Allocation
arrangement with respect to the Fund may be calculated on a basis that includes both realized and unrealized
appreciation in portfolios based upon values assigned by us or administrators, we face a conflict of interest in valuing
those portfolios. Certain of our individual employees and affiliates who are compensated to some extent based upon
investment profits for which they are responsible face the same potential conflicts.
The clients in the Program are not subject to any performance-based fees.
Side-By-Side Management
Palogic advises different clients (e.g., the Funds, clients in the Program). Multiple clients in the Program typically have
investment strategies, that are similar to, the same as, overlapping with, or different from, those of the Funds, and may
invest alongside the Funds (directly or indirectly) in all or certain of such investments. Palogic is only entitled to
performance-based fees from the Funds. As such, the Adviser may have actual or potential conflicts of interest between
the Funds and the clients in the Program with respect to the allocation of investment opportunities, allocation of time
management from one account over another, conflicts in allocation of trades, and conflicts based on fees. For example,
given that the Funds are subject to performance-based compensation, there is an economic incentive for Palogic to
allocate investments to the Funds.
The Adviser’s approach to its investment process is collaborative and supportive to help ensure coverage for client
accounts and help mitigate these conflicts. The Adviser’s general policy is to attempt to allocate in its sole discretion in
a manner which it believes to be fair and equitable after taking in factor and considerations such as investment
guidelines, risk, size and nature of the investments among other factors. The Firm has implemented an Allocation of
Investment Opportunities policy and follows procedures it believes are reasonably designed to help ensure clients are
treated fairly over time, and to prevent conflicts from influencing the allocation of investment opportunities among
clients. We address this conflict through full and fair disclosure in the applicable governing, offering and/or account
documents and this Disclosure Brochure.
Please refer to the Form ADV Part 2A Appendix 1: Wrap Fee Program brochure for more information on side-by-side
management among the clients in the Program.
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Item 7 – Types of Clients
Funds
The Firm provides investment advisory services to the Funds, based on the particular investment objectives and
strategies described in the particular Fund offering documents. The Firm, in its sole discretion, may manage other
funds or accounts with different objectives, higher or lower fees and different fee structures than the Funds.
The Firm generally requires a minimum investment of $750,000 in the Fund. Pursuant to the terms of the subscription
document and as required by SEC regulations, the Firm requires that U.S. investors in the Funds qualify as both
“Accredited Investors” and “Qualified Clients.” Each prospective investor generally is required to complete and return
various subscription documents to the Fund, which are designed to provide the Fund, the administrator, the Firm and
the Firm’s affiliates and agents with important information about the investor. Subscriptions may be accepted or
rejected, in whole or in part, in our sole discretion.
Wrap Fee Program
The Adviser also provides investment advisory services to individual high net worth investors, individual investors,
trusts, foundations and charitable organizations, and small entities through the Program. The Adviser does not require
that each Program account exceed a minimum asset amount prior to accepting the account holder as a client.
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Item 8 – Methods of Analysis, Investment Strategies, and Risk of Loss
The descriptions set forth in this Disclosure Brochure of specific advisory services we offer to clients, investment
strategies and investments we make on behalf of clients should not be understood to limit in any way our investment
activities. We may offer any advisory services, engage in any investment strategy and make any investment, including
any not described in this Disclosure Brochure, that we consider appropriate, subject to each client’s investment
objectives and guidelines.
Funds
Investment Objective
The Funds’ primary investment objective is to achieve significant long-term capital appreciation while limiting the risk
of capital loss. The Fund seeks to assess the value of its investments as a function of the underlying business results,
prospects and ability to accrete value to the owners of the business (intrinsic value) as compared to the value based on
the prevailing market price (market value). Where a disconnect between “intrinsic value” and “market value” exists, the
Funds seeks to exploit the gap. The Fund may take long and short positions in a variety of asset classes: common and
preferred equity, bonds, notes, options, index securities, hedging instruments such as futures derivatives and currency
contracts, private equity and mezzanine securities and any other financial instrument that the Firm believes offers
attractive returns. Our overall investment philosophy is value-driven and predicated on fundamental analysis. We invest
with a bottom-up approach, focusing on individual companies. We generally do not invest Fund assets with a
macroeconomic focus or in industries about which we do not have conviction.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, there can be no assurance that the Fund will be able to achieve its investment
objective or that an investment in the Funds will be profitable. The Funds’ investment program involves a
substantial degree of risk, including the risk of complete loss. In fact, the practice of short selling and the use of
leverage, derivatives and other investment techniques employed or that may be employed or utilized by the Funds,
in certain circumstances, increases the adverse impact to which the Funds’ investment portfolio is subject.
Nothing in this Disclosure Brochure is intended to imply, and no one is or will be authorized to represent, that
the Funds’ investment program is low risk or risk free.
Investment Philosophy
The Firm believes that the marketplace presents opportunities where the market price of a security does not reflect its
intrinsic value.
Long Investing
The Funds’ long investment portfolio seeks opportunities that provide an asymmetrical return on investment coupled
with attractive risk/reward characteristics. The General Partner’s bottom-up, fundamental value-approach to investing
focuses on fully understanding the resources a business has at its disposal from both an operational and managerial
standpoint, and the ability of those resources to generate value for the owners.
The General Partner’s methodology often reveals companies that are trading below their net asset value, at a low
multiple of visible free cash flow, with attractive standalone valuations in consolidating industries trading at severe
discounts to comparable takeout valuations, embedded options in a business that can be bought “for free”, and
turnarounds not fully understood or appreciated by the market.
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The Adviser focuses on investments in small and mid-capitalization equity securities but realizes the opportunity to find
mispriced securities varies by asset class, market capitalization, and geography over time. As such, the Adviser does not
plan to limit the universe in which investment opportunities are sought.
Short Selling
The General Partner uses short positions both as a hedge in conjunction with other investments as well as to profit from
the decline in price of a company’s securities. The General Partner believes that its hedging activities reduce exposure
to overall market risk, industry risk, and other risks. The General Partner anticipates that outright short candidates are
generally companies with negative free cash flow, questionable or aggressive accounting practices, high valuations
relative to peers, over-zealous expectations, customer concentration issues, flawed business models, and those facing
competitive pressures that the General Partner believes the market does not fully appreciate.
Short-term Trading
The General Partner generally takes a long-term view of businesses and their prospects. The General Partner realizes
that from the time an opportunity is identified and capital deployed until the security is what the General Partner believes
to be “fairly valued”, there may be many price swings in the security. The General Partner actively trades the securities
in the Fund’s portfolio to take advantage of the short-term supply/demand imbalances while maintaining a long-term
view of the company and its prospects.
The General Partner attempts to take advantage of over and under reactions to news flow and events that affect
companies such as earnings releases, legal settlements, industry data, and technical sell-offs. The General Partner also
attempt to position the Fund to profit from identifiable catalysts that could result in short-term price swings of securities.
Investment Process
The Fund’s investment process consists of idea generation, research, portfolio construction, and the continuous
monitoring of the risk/reward characteristics of each security in the portfolio.
Idea Generation
Ideas are generated internally through proprietary screens and active monitoring of a broad set of companies in the
Fund’s investment universe. The General Partner’s internal efforts are enhanced by relationships with brokers, other
money managers and industry experts. The screening methods employed by the Fund are systematic and quantitative.
The General Partner leverages its contact base to get a qualitative barometer of the marketplace and to gain insight as to
where additional investment opportunities may lie.
Research and Analysis
During the research process, the General Partner reviews and analyzes financial statements, participates in conference
calls, speaks to management of companies, buyside contacts, sell side analysts, competitors, suppliers, industry experts,
makes company visits and references a variety of industry publications.
Using data collected, the General Partner quantifies what it believes to be fair value of the investment prospect based on a
variety of bottom-up, fundamental valuation methodologies including: discounted cash flow analysis, comparable
company analysis, private market valuation, and liquidation value. The General Partner’s analyses rely heavily on
financial statements and take a balance sheet centric approach to company valuation. The risk/reward characteristics of
each investment prospect are evaluated on a standalone basis.
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Portfolio Construction
If an opportunity is actionable, the General Partner determines the appropriate position size and how best to deploy the
capital. Such decisions generally are based on the risk/reward profile of the security, the opportunity cost of not being
invested, and how the investment relates to the overall portfolio. As the portfolio is built, Palogic attempts to limit
systemic and non-systemic risks using any one of a variety of financial instruments.
Monitor
The fundamentals and risk/reward characteristics of each position in the Fund’s portfolios are continuously monitored.
As new information becomes available the General Partner adjusts its financial models, reviews the valuation theses,
and adjusts the composition of the portfolio to maximize expected returns.
Risk Management
The General Partner believes its fundamental, bottom-up investment style yields a built-in risk control mechanism. The
risk/reward characteristics of all positions added to the portfolio are carefully assessed and continuously monitored. As
the portfolio is constructed, a top-down assessment of the portfolio’s risk is evaluated using a variety of metrics and
methodologies including: gross and net market exposure, sector exposure, concentration in single securities, the
liquidity profile of the portfolio in aggregate and a proprietary “Value at Risk” model. The profit and loss of the portfolio
is monitored in real-time with alerts set to prompt the General Partner as individual positions move for or against the
fund by preset amounts.
The General Partner does not expect to employ significant leverage for the portfolio, and generally only uses what is
available under Regulation T.
The General Partner focuses its investment attention on the public marketplace. However, from time to time the Funds
may find opportunities in private equity, private debt, restricted securities, and other illiquid assets in which there is not
a readily available market. The Fund attempts to restrict its exposure to these illiquid investments to 10% of the portfolio.
Trading, Clearing and Financing Arrangements
The Fund implements its investment strategies primarily through trades in financial instruments on various exchanges
and markets that facilitate the buying and selling of such instruments (collectively, the “Exchanges”). The Fund’s trades
on the various Exchanges are executed through arrangements with appropriately registered broker- dealers, future
commission merchants or electronic trading systems. The Fund generally pays brokerage or trading commissions,
clearing fees, placement fees and Exchange fees in connection with its trades. The Fund effects transactions on both a
cash and margin basis.
With respect to Exchange-traded financial instruments, the Fund clears its trades and maintains substantially all of its
positions in account(s) with one or more clearing firms that act as prime brokers or in other custodial accounts (including
bank accounts) held with a variety of other custodians. The Fund may also enter into over-the-counter transactions,
including derivatives and securities lending transactions, with other counterparties. Many of the Funds’ arrangements
with prime brokers, custodians and other counterparties permit the Funds to post relatively small margin or collateral
and obtain substantial leverage. The Fund assumes the credit risk associated with placing its funds and securities with
prime brokers and custodians and entering into contract-based transactions with other counterparties, and the failure or
bankruptcy of any of its custodians or other counterparties could have a material adverse impact on the Fund. With
respect to margin accounts, the Fund generally is required by each custodian to maintain a certain balance in such
accounts, either in the form of cash, financial instruments or a combination of the two. With respect to contract-based
transactions, the Funds generally are required to post collateral with the counterparty equal to or exceeding its
contractual obligations based on then-current market prices. Such margin and collateral accounts and the property in
such accounts are subject to liens to secure the Fund’s obligations to the custodian or counterparty, and the custodian
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or counterparty generally is able to loan, pledge, rehypothecate and otherwise use such property without notice to or
consent from the Funds or the investors.
In addition to the financing available through custodial accounts, derivatives transactions and securities lending, the
General Partner is authorized to obtain financing on behalf of the Funds through any other structures or arrangements it
deems appropriate and to grant guaranties on behalf of the Funds and pledge or otherwise transfer any assets of the
Fund, including without limitation specific assets, pools of assets or its interest in entities, to secure such financing. Any
costs associated with such financing arrangements, including interest as well as rating agency fees, investment banking
fees, placement agent fees, legal fees and other transaction costs, would constitute Fund expenses.
Wrap Fee Program
In addition to the Funds, Palogic offers investment management services to clients in the Program. The Program’s
clients pay a single, all-inclusive (or “wrap”) fee charged by the Palogic based on the value of the client’s account assets
for asset management, trade execution, custody, and reporting. The wrap fee typically includes the advisory fees charged
by the Firm. These Program accounts are custom tailored services based on the client needs.
All transactions for clients under the Program are executed through a broker-dealer approved for participation in the
Program. Participation in the Program may cost clients more or less than purchasing advisory and brokerage services
separately. Additionally, the Program Fee may be higher or lower than fees charged by other sponsors of comparable
wrap fee programs. The relative cost of the Program versus paying on a per transaction basis is based upon the number of
transactions made in a client’s account and the commission rates and other transaction costs that would be charged
outside of the Program.
Please refer to the Form ADV Part 2A Appendix 1: Wrap Fee Program Brochure for details of the Program.
Certain Risk Factors
General Economic and Regulatory Risks
General Market and Economic Conditions
The success of our activities will be affected by and subject to general economic and market conditions, such as changes
in interest rates, availability of credit, inflation rates, commodity prices, economic or market uncertainty, changes in
laws, trade barriers, sanctions, trade wars, tariffs, bank failures, disruptions in the financial industry, financial institution
instability, protectionist regulatory policies, currency exchange controls, national and international political
circumstances and developments and other circumstances and occurrences (including, without limitation, wars,
epidemics, pandemics, outbreak of disease, terrorist acts, security operations, natural disasters, recessions and
government operations), as well as changes in government or regulatory policy precipitated by the foregoing. These and
other factors, conditions and circumstances may affect the level and volatility of securities or investment prices, the
correlations and relationships between the prices of various securities and investments, and the liquidity of client
investments in ways that impair a client’s profitability or result in losses. Unpredictable or unstable market, economic
and other conditions and developments, or changes in market and economic conditions, may also result in reduced
opportunities to find suitable and appropriate investments to deploy capital, impair or adversely affect the value of
investments, or make it more difficult to exit and realize value from investments. From time to time, including during
the beginning of the COVID-19 global pandemic and during 2008-2009, various markets around the world have
experienced extreme periods of volatility, illiquidity, correlation with other market, negative (or positive) performance,
and other disruptions and conditions that would previously have been viewed as extremely unlikely or even impossible.
Such market, economic and financial developments have led to large losses and insolvencies at numerous financial and
investment firms soon thereafter, and significant governmental interventions. For example, during the second half of
2008, the state of the U.S and worldwide economy deteriorated into a severe recession which lasted several years. If a
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similar economic or market or financial event or situation were to occur in the future, clients could experience a reduction
in attractive investment opportunities and client investments could be impaired or affected in many ways that cannot be
predicted or prevented.
The short-term and the longer-term impact of these events are uncertain, but they could continue to have a material
effect on general economic conditions, consumer and business confidence and market liquidity. Any economic downturn
resulting from a recurrence of such marketplace events and/or continued volatility in the financial markets could
adversely affect the financial resources of entities owned by our clients, clients could experience a reduction in attractive
investment opportunities and client investments could be materially impaired in many ways that cannot be predicted.
Additionally, there has been significant discussion, dialogue and recent actions regarding significant changes to U.S.
trade policies, legislation, treaties, trade policies and tariffs affecting various countries and trade partners. Tariffs,
protectionist or nationalist policies and other trade restrictions or actions imposed by the U.S. government and any
further similar changes in U.S. trade policy have triggered some, and could trigger additional, retaliatory actions by
affected countries and trade partners resulting in “trade wars”. At this time, it is unknown whether and to what extent
additional new legislation will be passed into law, pending or new regulatory proposals will be adopted (including with
respect to bank reform), international trade agreements will be negotiated, or the effect that any such action would have,
either positively or negatively, on clients or their investments. Investments can be expected to be sensitive to the
performance of the overall economy. Moreover, a serious pandemic, recent bank failures, government shutdown, work
stoppage, natural disaster, armed conflict, threats of terrorism or terrorist attacks and the impact of military or other
action could severely disrupt global, national and/or regional economies. A resulting negative impact on economic
fundamentals and consumer and business confidence may negatively impact market value, increase market volatility
(including commodity price volatility) and reduce liquidity, all or any of which could have an adverse effect on the
performance of clients’ investments, clients’ returns and clients’ ability to make and/or dispose of investments.
There can be no assurance that general market and economic developments in the future will not have a material adverse
effect on us or clients. Clients and investors could incur material losses even if we react quickly to difficult market, financial
or economic conditions, and there can be no assurance that clients will not suffer material losses and other adverse effects
from rapid changes in market conditions in the future. Investors and clients should realize that markets for the financial
instruments in which we invest, or may invest, can correlate strongly with each other (or cease to correlate) at times or in
ways that are difficult for us to predict. Even a well-analyzed approach may not protect clients from significant losses
under certain market, economic or other conditions.
The particular or general types of market, financial or economic conditions in which clients may incur losses or
experience unexpected performance volatility cannot be predicted.
Disruption in the Financial Services Industry
Our ability to make investments, secure funding and engage in other transactions could be adversely affected by the
actions and stability of other financial institutions. Financial services institutions are interrelated as a result of trading,
clearing, counterparty and other relationships. As a result, defaults by, or even rumors or questions about, one of more
financial service institutions, or the industry generally, have historically led to market-wide liquidity problems.
Specifically, in March 2023, both Silicon Valley Bank (“SVB”) and Signature Bank were closed and swept into
receivership with the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (the “FDIC”). In addition, First Republic Bank’s credit
rating was downgraded after securing billions in funds from other financial institutions to avoid closure, and Credit
Suisse was rescued with a buy-out from UBS. Such failures led to depositors withdrawing their funds from these and
other financial institutions, leading to severe market disruption and extreme volatility in the prices of the securities
issued by financial institutions. Losses of depositor, creditor and counterparty confidence could lead to losses or defaults
by the Funds, clients or other institutions. In response to the bank failures at SVB and Signature Bank and the resulting
market reaction, the Secretary of the Treasury, the Federal Reserve and the FDIC indicated that all depositors of SVB
and Signature Bank would have access to all deposits by utilizing the Deposit Insurance Fund, including bridge banks
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to assume all of the deposit obligations of the failed banks, while leaving unsecured lenders and equity holders of such
institutions exposed to such losses. The Federal Reserve also created the Bank Term Funding Program to ensure banks
have the ability to meet the needs of their depositors. There is no guarantee that the U.S. Department of Treasury, FDIC
and the Federal Reserve will provide access to uninsured funds in the future in the event of the closure of other financial
institutions (or do so in a timely fashion) and it is uncertain whether these steps by the government will be sufficient to
calm the financial markets, reduce the risk of significant depositor withdrawals at other institutions and thereby reduce
the risk of additional bank failures.
Public Health Risk
Our clients, affiliates and service providers have been materially impacted, and could be materially adversely affected
or impacted in the future by the effects of a widespread outbreak of contagious disease, such as COVID-19, an influenza
pandemic or other pandemics, epidemics and public health issues. Public health crises can develop rapidly and
unpredictably, which may prevent governments, asset managers, companies or from taking timely or effective steps to
mitigate or reduce any adverse impacts to our clients and their investments. The extent and duration of any such impacts
will depend on future developments, which are highly uncertain and cannot be predicted at this time.
Any outbreak of contagious diseases and other adverse public health developments, together with any resulting
disruptions or restrictions on travel, quarantines or “stay‐at‐home” orders, social distancing policies and/or quarantines
imposed or recommended by governments and private parties in the jurisdictions where our clients or their investments
are based (together, the “Isolation Measures”), could have a material and adverse effect on our clients and their
investments, including by disrupting or otherwise adversely affecting the human capital, business operations or financial
resources of our clients, their investments, or their respective service providers (which could, in turn, adversely impact
the ability of such service providers to fully support the administration and operations of our clients or their
investments).
In addition, a significant outbreak of contagious diseases in the human population, and any containment or other
remedial measures imposed (including Isolation Measures), may result in a widespread health crisis that could severely
disrupt global, national and/or regional economies and financial markets and cause an economic downturn that could
adversely affect the performance of our clients and/or their investments. Although the long‐term economic fallout of
any future pandemic or outbreak of disease is or will be difficult is difficult to predict, future pandemics may contribute
or lead to market volatility and lead to economic slowdowns given the disruption to supply chains across sectors and
industries worldwide, which may reduce investment activity more generally and materially and adversely affect our
clients and/or their investments. To the extent an epidemic or pandemic, including COVID‐19, is present in jurisdictions
in which we have offices or other operations or investments, it could affect the ability of us and our affiliates to operate
effectively, including the ability of personnel to function, communicate and travel to the extent necessary to carry out
the investment strategies and objectives of our clients.
The impact of a health crisis such as the COVID-19 pandemic, and other epidemics, pandemics and outbreaks of disease
that may arise in the future, depends on the duration and spread of the outbreak, the severity, the actions to contain, slow
down or halt the spread of the virus or treat its impact, and how quickly and to what extent normal or semi-normal
economic and operating conditions can resume, which could affect the global economy in ways that cannot necessarily
be foreseen at the present time. A health crisis may exacerbate other pre-existing political, social and economic risks.
Any such impact could adversely affect a client’s performance, resulting in losses.
A pandemic and actions, measures and steps taken by governments around the world in response to such pandemic may
cause material disruptions to (or otherwise materially impact or affect) the business operations and activities of service
providers on which clients rely (including administrators, custodians and counterparties). It may also adversely impact
15
a client’s investments, the ability to access markets or implement a client’s investment strategies in the manner originally
contemplated, the valuation of investments or the net asset value of a client.
Regulatory Developments
The legal, tax and regulatory environment worldwide for investment advisers, private investment funds and the financial
services industry continues to evolve, and changes in the regulation of and laws applicable to investment advisers,
private investment funds and their trading and investing activities may have a material adverse effect on the ability of
the Fund to pursue its investment program and the value of investments held by the Fund. There has been an increase in
scrutiny of the financial services and alternative investment industry by governmental agencies and self-regulatory
organizations. Such scrutiny may increase our or a client’s exposure to potential liabilities and to additional legal,
compliance, tax, regulatory and other related costs. New laws and regulations or actions taken by regulators that restrict
the ability of the Fund to pursue its investment program or conduct business with brokers and other counterparties could
have a material adverse effect on the Fund.
U.S. and international financial reforms and regulatory actions have added and may continue to add costs to the legal,
regulatory, administrative, operational and compliance obligations of Palogic and the Fund and increase the amount of
time that Palogic and its personnel spend on non-investment-related activities. U.S. and international financial reforms
and regulatory actions and other laws and regulations could cause certain investment strategies or processes in which
we, or the Fund, currently engage or may otherwise have engaged to become not viable, economically or practically.
U.S. and international financial reforms and regulatory actions, and other laws, could have a material adverse impact on
the profit potential of the Fund and its business. Among other possible effects, such legislation, rules, regulations and
actions could change the functioning of capital markets in unpredictable ways, limit the scope of clients’ investment
activities, including through limitations on short selling imposed with little or no notice, limit access to financing,
increase margin or collateral requirements, limit leverage, impose position limits, require disclosure of confidential
information, change applicable accounting requirements, impose new taxes or impose significant administrative
burdens, which divert resources, time and attention. Consequently, clients may not be capable of, or successful at,
preserving the value of portfolios, generating positive investment returns or effectively managing risks.
In spite of Palogic’s efforts to invest in reputable and trustworthy companies, there is a risk that clients may invest in
issuers that engage in fraud. Instances of fraud can be particularly difficult to detect and prevent. To the extent that
clients invest in a company that engages in fraud, clients could lose all or a substantial portion of their investments in
such company and it could have a material adverse effect on the clients’ financial condition.
AML Rules
In August 2024, the U.S. Department of the Treasury and the Financial Crimes Enforcement Network (“FinCEN”)
issued a new rule that will subject certain investment advisers to anti-money laundering (“AML”) and countering the
financing of terrorism (“CFT”) program requirements under the Bank Secrecy Act (“BSA”). The rule will apply to
registered investment advisers and exempt reporting advisers who advise private funds, such as hedge funds, private
equity funds, and venture capital funds. If not already implemented, these covered investment advisers will need to
establish and implement written AML/CFT policies and procedures, conduct ongoing customer due diligence, file
suspicious activity reports, and maintain records of transactions (collectively, the “AML Rule”). The AML Rule requires
compliance by January 1, 2026.
The AML Rule could have a material adverse effect on the Adviser and clients as it may entail significant risks and
costs. For example, the Adviser and its clients could face increased compliance and operational burdens, such as hiring
and training staff, developing and testing systems, and conducting audits and reviews. The Adviser and its clients will
also need to collect and verify additional personal information from their clients and investors, which could raise privacy
and data security concerns, as well as affect client relationships and retention. The Adviser and its clients may also
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encounter delays and difficulties in executing transactions, especially in cross-border contexts, due to the need to comply
with complex and evolving sanctions and AML/CFT laws and regulations in multiple jurisdictions.
Moreover, the AML Rule delegates authority to the SEC to examine covered investment advisers’ compliance with the
BSA and FinCEN’s regulations, and clients and the Adviser could face severe legal and regulatory consequences,
including civil and criminal penalties, injunctions, and revocations of registrations, for violations of the BSA or
FinCEN’s rules. clients and the Adviser could also be exposed to reputational damage and litigation risks from their
respective clients, investors, or third parties affected by their AML/CFT activities or failures.
FinCEN may consider additional rulemaking in the future, which could further increase the risks and compliance
burdens for clients and the Adviser.
New Presidential Administration
The new Donald J. Trump administration has enacted, and is seeking to enact, sweeping changes to numerous areas of
law and regulation. Any such changes could significantly or materially impact or affect clients and/or their investments.
Specific legislative, executive and regulatory proposals discussed during the election and more recently that could
materially impact clients and/or their investments include, without limitation, changes to tariffs and customs duties,
trade agreements, import and export regulations, immigration policy, income tax regulations and the federal tax code,
healthcare and health related regulations, climate policies, environmental regulations, crypto regulation, public
company reporting requirements, antitrust enforcement, and securities regulation and enforcement.
Changes in U.S. federal policy, including tax, trade and other policies, and at regulatory agencies occur over time
through policy and personnel changes following elections, which lead to changes involving the level of oversight and
focus on the financial services industry or the tax rates paid by corporate entities. The nature, timing and economic
effects of potential changes to the current legal and regulatory framework affecting financial institutions remain highly
uncertain. Neither the Adviser nor any of its affiliates or personnel can predict the ultimate impact or outcome of the
foregoing on clients, their businesses and investments, or the financial services or asset management industry generally,
and any prolonged uncertainty as to the nature, timing and extent of any such changes could also have an adverse impact
on clients and their investment objectives. Future changes enacted by the U.S. administration may adversely affect a
client’s operating environment and therefore its business, operating costs, financial condition and results of operations.
Further, any extended federal government shutdown resulting from failing to pass budget appropriations, adopt
continuing funding resolutions, or raise the debt ceiling, and other budgetary decisions limiting or delaying deferral
government spending, may negatively impact U.S. or global economic conditions, including corporate and consumer
spending, and liquidity of capital markets. There can be no assurance that any changes in laws, regulations or
governmental policy will not have an adverse impact on clients and their investments, including the ability of a client
to execute its investment objectives and to receive attractive returns.
In addition, any changes in U.S. social, political, regulatory and economic conditions or in laws and policies governing
the financial services industry, foreign trade, securities regulation, manufacturing, outsourcing, development and
investment in the territories and countries or types of investments in which a clients is permitted to invest, and any
negative sentiments towards the United States as a result of such changes, could adversely affect the performance of a
client’s investments. Moreover, media (including social media) has the potential to influence public sentiment and
escalate tensions both within the U.S. and in international relations, which could cause social unrest and could negatively
impact stock markets and economics around the globe as well as client investments.
Changes in the control of the U.S. legislative and executive branches could result in potential changes in laws and
regulations affecting the asset management and private fund industries. The likelihood of occurrence and the effect of
any such change is highly uncertain and could have an adverse impact on clients and client investments.
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Government Intervention
In 2008, the global financial markets underwent disruptions that led to certain governmental intervention. Global
pandemics and outbreaks of disease, such as COVID- 19 have led to, and may continue to result in or lead to, substantial
governmental intervention (both in the United States and abroad). Extreme volatility and illiquidity in markets have
also in the past led to, and may in the future lead to, extensive governmental interventions in equity, credit and currency
markets. Generally, such interventions are intended to reduce volatility and precipitous drops in value. Such
governmental interventions were and future governmental interventions may be implemented on an “emergency” basis,
with little advance notice, thereby suddenly and substantially reducing or eliminating market participants’ ability
anticipate or react to such interventions, to implement certain investment strategies or to manage the risk of outstanding
positions. In addition, these interventions were or may be unclear in scope and application, resulting in confusion and
uncertainty which in itself can be materially detrimental to the efficient functioning of the markets or a client’s
investment strategies. If governmental intervention programs are unwound, there could likewise be uncertainty and
adverse effects on the markets and economy and a client’s investment strategies. In the case of any future market
disruptions significant economic events, pandemics or other health events, or other events or circumstances, it is
impossible to predict what interim or permanent governmental interventions, restrictions (or easing of restrictions) or
other actions may be imposed on the markets or the effect of such actions on a client’s activities and investment
strategies. For all of the foregoing reasons, among others, governmental interventions and other actions could have a
material adverse effect on clients.
Changes in Government Policy
Changes in government policy, including monetary, fiscal, tax, trade and regulatory policies, among many others, have
had, and will continue to have, a significant effect on the economy, financial markets and a client’s investment strategies.
Any such changes could be difficult or impossible to anticipate and could have significant unanticipated or unintended
consequences. In addition, changes in policy implemented or threatened by one government often lead to changes in
policy by other governments, which have their own significant consequences. As just one example, tariffs imposed by
the U.S. government on certain imports from China, Mexico and Canada have led to the imposition of reciprocal tariffs
by China, Mexico and Canada on certain imports from the U.S., and a similar dynamic has occurred in connection with
other changes in trade policy implemented or threatened by various governments. Any of the foregoing could result in
a material adverse effect on a client.
Geopolitical Risks
An unstable geopolitical climate and continued threats of terrorism or war could have a material effect on general
economic conditions, market conditions and market liquidity (among other things). In addition, the United States and
governments globally have seen a rise in populist and nationalist tendencies, with political parties espousing such themes
gaining strength in local and national elections. The continued threat of terrorism and the impact of military or other
action have led to and will likely lead to increased volatility in prices for oil and gasoline and could affect certain
investments financial results. Further, the United States government has issued public warnings indicating that energy
assets might be specific targets of terrorist organizations. As a result of such a terrorist attack or of terrorist activities in
general, such investments may not be able to obtain insurance coverage and other endorsements at commercially
reasonable prices or at all. Additionally, a serious pandemic or a natural disaster could severely disrupt the global,
national and/or regional economies. A resulting negative impact on economic fundamentals and consumer confidence
may increase the risk of default with respect to particular investments of our clients, negatively impact market value,
increase market volatility and cause credit spreads to widen, and reduce liquidity, all of which could have an adverse
effect on our clients’ returns and ability to make new investments. No assurance can be given as to the effect of these
events on the value of or markets for investments.
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Terrorist Attacks, War and Natural Disasters
Terrorist activities, anti-terrorist efforts, other armed conflicts involving the United States or its interests abroad and
natural disasters may adversely affect any region or country, its financial markets and global economies and markets,
and could prevent clients from meeting their respective investment and risk management objectives and other
obligations. The potential for future terrorist attacks, the national and international response to terrorist attacks, other
acts of war or hostility and natural disasters have created many economic and political uncertainties in the past and may
do so in the future, which may adversely affect any region or country and world financial markets and clients for the
short or long- term in ways that cannot presently be predicted.
In February 2022, an armed conflict escalated between Russia and Ukraine and Russia invaded Ukraine. In response to
such invasion, the United States, the European Union and many other countries and organizations announced various
sanctions against Russia, Russia-backed separatist regions in Ukraine and certain banks, companies, government
officials and other individuals in Russia and Belarus. The sanctions announced by the U.S. and other countries to date
include restrictions on selling or importing goods, services, or technology in or from affected regions and travel bans
and asset freezes impacting connected individuals and political, military, business and financial organizations in Russia.
The situation remains fluid and could further escalate or deteriorate including the possibility of wider sanctions and/or
a broadening of the scale of the conflict.
In October 2023, following a series of attacks by Hamas on Israeli civilian and military targets, Israel declared war on
Hamas in Gaza. The Ukraine-Russia and Israel-Hamas conflicts have led to, and may continue to lead to, significant
political, geopolitical, economic and market turmoil and volatility, including dramatic increases and/or instability in oil
and gas prices and further supply chain disruptions. It is not possible to predict the broader consequences of these
conflicts, which could include further sanctions, embargoes, trade actions, cyberattacks, regional instability, geopolitical
shifts and adverse effects on macroeconomic conditions, currency exchange rates and financial markets, all of which
could adversely affect any client’s business, financial condition and results of operations.
Sanctions Compliance Considerations
Economic sanction laws in the United States and other jurisdictions may prohibit or otherwise restrict clients or us from
engaging in transactions in or relating to certain countries and relating to certain individuals and entities. In the United
States, the U.S. Department of the Treasury’s Office of Foreign Asset Control (“OFAC”) and U.S. Department of State
administer and enforce laws, executive orders and regulations establishing U.S. economic and trade sanctions. Such
sanctions prohibit, among other things, transactions with, and the provision of services to, certain foreign countries,
territories, entities and individuals. These persons and entities include specially designated nationals and other persons
and entities targeted by OFAC sanctions programs. The lists of OFAC restricted countries, territories, persons and
entities, including the List of Specially Designated Nationals and Blocked Persons, as such list may be amended from
time to time, can be found on the OFAC website at www.treas.gov/ofac. In addition, certain programs administered by
OFAC prohibit dealing with individuals or entities in certain countries regardless of whether such individuals or entities
appear on the lists maintained by OFAC. These types of sanctions and similar laws and regulations in non-U.S.
jurisdictions may significantly restrict client direct or indirect investment activities in certain countries. The economic
sanctions and related laws of different jurisdictions in which any client makes investments also may conflict with one
another, such that compliance with all applicable laws may be difficult. Failure by us or clients to comply with OFAC or
other relevant sanctions could have serious legal and reputational consequences, including civil and criminal penalties.
Inflation
The rate of inflation has been elevated in recent years, and it is currently expected that it may remain high or elevated
in the future, especially given the recent market turmoil as a result of the crises in the financial industry. Inflation and
rapid fluctuations in inflation rates have in the past had and are currently having negative effects on economies and
financial markets, particularly in emerging economies. For example, if an issuer is unable to increase its revenue in times
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of higher inflation, its profitability may be adversely affected. Issuers may have revenues linked to some extent to
inflation, including, without limitation, by government regulations and contractual arrangement. As inflation rises, an
issuer may earn more revenue but may incur higher expenses. As inflation declines, an issuer may not be able to reduce
expenses commensurate with any resulting reduction in revenue. Furthermore, wages and prices of inputs increase
during periods of inflation, which can negatively impact returns on investments. In an attempt to stabilize inflation,
countries may impose wage and price controls or otherwise intervene in the economy. Governmental efforts to curb
inflation often have negative effects on the level of economic activity. If inflation were to continue at the current level
or rise at rates higher than those anticipated in underwriting our clients’ investments, the effective rate of return on such
investments may be reduced. Past governmental efforts to curb inflation have also involved more drastic economic
measures that have had a materially adverse effect on the level of economic activity in the countries where such
measures were employed. There can be no assurance that inflation (e.g., an unexpected rise in the rate of inflation or
the continued elevation of inflation rates) will not have a material adverse impact on our clients and their investments.
Portfolio Risks
Cash and Cash Equivalents
The Fund may hold cash and cash equivalents at any given time during the term thereof. Available cash and cash
equivalents generally are held in accounts at third party financial instructions (which may not bear interest or generate
income). The Fund’s access to its invested cash and cash equivalents may be impacted by adverse conditions in the
financial markets, including those resulting from bank failures. Cash balances in operating accounts could be impacted
if the underlying financial instructions fail or other adverse conditions in the financial markets occur.
Investment and Trading Risks Generally
All investments risk the loss of capital. No guarantee or representation is or will be made that the Adviser will be
successful or that an investment in the will be profitable. The investment program involves and/or may involve, without
limitation, risks associated with limited diversification, short-selling, leverage, micro- and small-capitalization
companies, equity risks, distressed issuers, interest rates, currencies, volatility, tracking risks in hedged positions,
security borrowing risks in short sales, credit deterioration or default risks, systems risks and other risks inherent in the
Adviser’s activities. The performance of any particular investment is subject to numerous factors which are neither
within the control of, nor predictable by, the Palogic. Such factors include a wide range of economic, political,
competitive and other conditions that may affect investments in general or specific industries or companies. Certain
investment techniques of the Adviser may, in certain circumstances, substantially increase the impact of adverse market
movements to which the Adviser may be subject. In addition, the investments may be materially affected by conditions in
the financial markets and overall economic conditions occurring globally and in particular countries or markets where
the Fund invests its assets.
Palogic’s methods of minimizing such risks may not accurately predict future risk exposures. Risk management
techniques are based in part on the observation of historical market behavior, which may not predict market divergences
that are larger than historical indicators. Also, information used to manage risks may not be accurate, complete or
current, and such information may be misinterpreted.
Market Volatility
The profitability of clients substantially depends upon correctly assessing the future price movements of stocks, bonds,
options on stocks, and other securities. The Adviser cannot guarantee that it will be successful in accurately predicting
price and interest rate movements.
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Investment Selection and Market Risk
“Investment selection risk” is defined herein as the risk that the Adviser may not select and size positions appropriately
within the portfolio. An associated “market risk” arises from the influence of the movements of the overall market or the
value of the individual investments in the portfolio. The profitability of a significant portion of the client’s investment
program depends to a great extent upon correctly predicting the future price movements and/or general value of securities
and other investments. There can be no assurance that the Palogic will be able to accurately predict these price movements
or future valuation, nor can assurance be given that the investment portfolio will generate any returns or otherwise
appreciate in value. With respect to the investment strategy utilized, there is also market risk. For these reasons, clients
may also incur losses, and a prospective investor in the Funds or clients in the Program should not invest unless it is in
a position to sustain a substantial loss with respect to its investments.
Discretion and Changes in Investment Strategy
Palogic has discretion in choosing the investments acquired by clients and has the right to modify the selection criteria or
hedging techniques (if any) used without the consent of the investors in the Fund or clients (unless set forth in the IMA).
Any of the investment strategies, analytical models, or trading techniques may have operational or theoretical
shortcomings, which could result in unsuccessful trades and, ultimately, losses. In addition, any new investment strategy
or hedging technique developed may be more speculative than earlier techniques and may increase the risk of an
investments.
Equity Risks
The Fund and clients in the Program invest in equity and equity-derivative securities. The market price of securities
owned by clients may go up or down, sometimes rapidly or unpredictably. A risk of investing is that the equity securities
in its portfolio will decline in value due to factors affecting equity securities markets generally or the sectors invested in.
Depending on whether a client has a long or short position in a particular equity security, the value of such equity
security may decline due to general market conditions which are not specifically related to a particular company, such
as real or perceived adverse economic conditions, changes in the general outlook for corporate earnings, changes in interest
or currency rates or adverse investor sentiment generally. They may also decline due to factors which affect a particular
industry or industries, such as labor shortages or increased production costs and competitive conditions within an
industry. Other risks of investing globally in equity securities may include changes in currency exchange rates, exchange
control regulations, expropriation of assets or nationalization, imposition of withholding taxes on dividend or interest
payments, and difficulty in obtaining and enforcing judgments against non- U.S. entities. In addition, securities which
the Adviser believes are fundamentally undervalued or incorrectly valued may not ultimately be valued in the capital
markets at prices and/or within the time frame the Adviser anticipates. As a result, a client may lose all or substantially
all of its investment in any particular instance.
Investments in Undervalued Equity and Equity-Related Securities
The clients may invest in what the Adviser believes to be undervalued equity and equity-related securities. The
identification of investment opportunities in undervalued securities is a difficult task, and there are no assurances that
such opportunities will be successfully recognized or acquired. While investments in undervalued securities offer the
opportunities for above average capital appreciation, these investments involve a high degree of financial risk and can
result in substantial losses. Returns generated from the client’s investments may not adequately compensate for the
business and financial risks assumed. Palogic may make certain speculative investments on behalf of its clients in
securities which it believes to be undervalued; however, there are no assurances that the securities purchased will in fact be
undervalued. In addition, a client may be required to hold such securities for a substantial period of time before realizing
their anticipated value. During this period, a portion of a client’s assets may be committed to the securities purchased,
thus possibly preventing a client from investing in other opportunities. In addition, the Funds may finance such purchases
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with borrowed funds and thus will have to pay interest on such funds during such waiting period. If the Adviser takes long
positions in stocks that decline and short positions in stocks that increase in value, then the losses of clients may exceed
those of other portfolios that hold long positions only.
Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning Developments
Recent technological advances in artificial intelligence and machine learning technology (collectively, “Machine
Learning Technology”), including OpenAI’s release of its ChatGPT application, pose risks to clients, investors and
client investments. If and to the extent the Palogic utilizes Machine Learning Technology in connection with its business
activities, including investment activities, we intend to adopt and implement, and periodically evaluate and/or adjust,
internal policies governing use of Machine Learning Technology by our personnel. Notwithstanding any such policies
adopted or implemented by the Adviser, the Adviser’s personnel, and other associated persons could, unbeknownst to
the Adviser, utilize Machine Learning Technology in contravention of such policies. The Adviser, clients and client
investments could be further exposed to the risks of Machine Learning Technology if third-party service providers or
any counterparties, whether or not known to the Adviser, also use Machine Learning Technology in their business
activities. Palogic will not be in a position to control the use of Machine Learning Technology in third-party products
or services.
Use of Machine Learning Technology by any of the parties described in the previous paragraph could include the input
of confidential information (including material, non-public information) — either by third parties in contravention of
non-disclosure agreements, or by the Adviser’s personnel in contravention of the Palogic’s policies, contractual or other
obligations or restrictions to which any of the foregoing or any of their affiliates or representatives are subject, or
otherwise in violation of applicable laws or regulations relating to treatment of confidential and/or personally identifiable
information (including material, non-public information) — into Machine Learning Technology applications, resulting
in such confidential information becoming part of a dataset that is accessible by other third-party Machine Learning
Technology applications and users.
Independent of its context of use, Machine Learning Technology is generally highly reliant on the collection and analysis
of large amounts of data, and it is not possible or practicable to incorporate all relevant data into the model that Machine
Learning Technology utilizes to operate. Certain data in such models will inevitably contain a degree of inaccuracy and
error — potentially materially so — and could otherwise be inadequate or flawed, which would be likely to degrade the
effectiveness of Machine Learning Technology. To the extent that the Adviser, clients and client investments are exposed
to the risks of Machine Learning Technology use, any such inaccuracies or errors could have adverse impacts on the
Adviser, clients and client investments. Conversely, to the extent competitors of a client and its investments utilize
Machine Learning Technology more extensively than the client and its investments, there is a possibility that such
competitors will gain a competitive advantage.
Machine Learning Technology and its applications, including in the private investment and financial sectors, continue
to develop rapidly, and it is impossible to predict the future risks that may arise from such developments.
Use of Artificial Intelligence, Data Analytics, and Similar Tools
From time to time, the Adviser and our affiliates may utilize artificial intelligence, machine learning, data analytics and
similar tools that collect, aggregate, and analyze data (collectively, “Data Tools”) in connection with the management
of a client and/or a client’s portfolio. There are significant risks involved in utilizing Data Tools and no assurance can
be provided that the usage of such Data Tools will enhance a client’s portfolio or assist a client or its investments in
being more efficient or profitable. For example, certain Data Tools may utilize historical market or sector data in their
analytics. To the extent that such historical data is not indicative of the current or future conditions in the applicable
market or sector, or the Data Tools fail to filter biases in the underlying data or collection methods, the usage of Data
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Tools may lead the Adviser to make determinations on behalf of a client, including potentially purchase and sale
decisions, that have an adverse effect on a client and its investments. While Data Tools may improve the efficiency of
data analytics and reduce investment costs, there is no assurance that returns from investments utilizing Data Tools will
be higher than they would be if investment decisions were made solely using human analytics or that the expenses
related to Data Tools directly or indirectly borne by a client will outweigh such reduced investment costs or outweigh
such risks. Data Tools may also be subject to data herding and interconnectedness (i.e., multiple market participants
utilizing the same data), which may adversely impact the markets in which a client invests, and in turn, the client’s
investments. In addition, the use of Data Tools may enhance cybersecurity risks and operational and technological risks.
The technologies underlying Data Tools and their use cases are rapidly developing, and remain subject to existing laws,
including privacy, consumer protection, and federal equal opportunity laws. As a result, it is not possible to predict all
of the legal, operational, or technological risks related to the use of Data Tools. Moreover, Data Tools are the subject of
evolving review by various regulatory agencies, including the SEC and the U.S. Federal Trade Commission, and changes
in the regulation of the use of Data Tools may adversely affect the ability of the Adviser to use Data Tools to manage a
client and its investments.
Fundamental Analysis
Fundamental analysis is premised on the assumption that markets are not perfectly efficient, that informational
advantages and mispricings do occur and that econometric analysis can identify trading opportunities. Fundamental
analysis may incur substantial losses if such economic factors are not correctly analyzed, not all relevant factors are
identified and/or market forces cause mispricings to continue despite the traders having correctly identified such
mispricings. Fundamental analysis may also be more subject to human error and emotional factors than technical
analysis.
Investment in Smaller Companies
There is no limitation on the size or operating experience of the companies in which a client invests or may invest, and clients
may invest worldwide and may invest a portion of capital in small- and mid-cap issuers. Investments in small and medium
capitalization companies, particularly small capitalization companies, generally involve higher risks in some respects than
do investments in securities of larger companies. Some small companies in which a client may invest may lack management
depth or the ability to generate internally or obtain externally the funds necessary for growth. Companies with new products
or services could sustain significant losses if projected markets do not materialize. Further, such companies may have, or
may develop, only a regional market for products or services and may be adversely affected by purely local events. Such
companies may be small factors in their industries and may face intense competition from larger companies and entail a
greater risk than investment in larger companies. Securities of small- and mid-cap issuers may be thinly traded (and therefore
have to be sold at a discount from current market prices or sold in smaller lots over a longer period of time relative to
securities of large-cap issuers), may be followed by fewer investment research analysts and may be subject to wider price
swings and thus may create a greater chance of loss than when investing in securities of larger cap issuers. Transaction costs
in securities of smaller companies may be higher than those of larger cap issuers.
Palogic has made and may in the future make investments that allow the Adviser to exercise influence over management and
the strategic direction of a company. The exercise of control over an investment could expose the assets of our clients to claims
by a company, its shareholders and its creditors. While Palogic intends to manage clients’ investments in a manner that will
minimize the exposure to these risks, the possibility of successful claims cannot be precluded.
Limited Diversification and Risk Management Failures
Client investments are not required to be diversified to any material extent. At any given time, it is possible that the client
investments or portfolio risks could be concentrated in only a few industries, companies, geographic regions, asset types,
strategies or other areas of risk. Such concentration could increase losses suffered by clients and, as a result, clients
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could experience significant losses if general economic conditions, and, in particular, those relevant to the issuers whose
securities are owned by clients, decline. In addition, clients’ portfolios could become significantly concentrated in a
limited number of issuers, types of financial instruments, industries, strategies, countries or geographic regions, and any
such concentration of risk may increase losses suffered by clients. This limited diversity could expose clients to losses
disproportionate to market movements in general. Other investment managers pursue similar strategies, which creates
the risk that many investors may be forced to liquidate positions at the same time, reducing liquidity, increasing volatility
and exacerbating losses. Although Palogic attempts to identify, monitor and manage certain significant risks related to
specific investments, these efforts do not take all risks into account, including systematic market risk, and there can be no
assurance that these efforts will be effective. Many risk management techniques are based on observed historical market
behavior, but future market behavior may be entirely different. Any inadequacy or failure in Palogic’s risk management
efforts could result in material losses for clients.
Off-Balance Sheet Risk
In the normal course of business, clients may invest in financial instruments with off- balance sheet risk. These
instruments include forward contracts, swaps and securities and options contracts sold short. An off-balance sheet risk is
associated with a financial instrument if such instrument exposes the investor to an accounting and economic loss in
excess of the investor’s recognized asset carrying value in such financial instrument, if any; or if the ultimate liability
associated with the financial instrument has the potential to exceed the amount that the investor recognizes as a liability
in the investor’s statement of assets and liabilities. Additionally, in the normal course of business, clients may purchase
long positions in option contracts that do not have off-balance sheet-risk. The risk that these financial instruments expose
the investor to is not in excess of the investor’s recognized asset carrying value in the statement of assets and liabilities.
Short Selling
In certain circumstances, Palogic will execute short sales on behalf of clients. In a short sale, the seller sells a security that it
does not own, typically a security borrowed from a broker or other counterparty. Because the seller remains liable to return
the underlying security that it borrowed from the broker or counterparty, the seller must purchase the security prior to the
date on which delivery to the broker or dealer is required. The making of short sales exposes the Fund to the risk of liability
for the market value of the security that is sold, which is an unlimited risk in theory due to the lack of an upper limit on the
price to which a security may rise. In addition, there can be no assurance that securities necessary to cover a short position
will be available for purchase or that securities will be available for the Fund to borrow at reasonable costs. If a request for
a return of borrowed securities occurs at a time when other short sellers of the security are receiving similar requests, a “short
squeeze” can occur, in which case clients may be compelled to replace borrowed securities previously sold short with
purchases on the open market at the most disadvantageous time, possibly at prices significantly in excess of the proceeds
received in originally selling the securities short. A significant “short squeeze” event occurred in January 2021 with respect
to the securities of GameStop Corp (GME), AMC Entertainment Holdings, Inc. (AMC) and other “meme stocks” to increase
in price rapidly to levels that did not seem justified by normal fundamental analysis. The efforts of these retail investors
pushed the price of GameStop stock to record levels in a very short period of time, and many hedge funds and other investors
lost billions of dollars as they were forced to close out their short positions on GameStop stock in connection with the short
squeeze. This type of situation is likely to reoccur in the future, as social media and popular commission free trading
platforms have made it easier for a large number of retail investors to act in a similar manner, causing unexpected price
changes in securities and disrupting the trading strategies of hedge funds and other institutional investors. The controversy
relating to GameStop (and other “meme” stocks) may lead to SEC scrutiny and greater regulation of such strategies. In
addition, controversy relating to GameStop and other “meme stocks” has led to SEC and Congressional scrutiny and could
result in greater regulation of short selling and other investment activities.
On October 13, 2023, the SEC adopted new rules requiring the reporting of all short positions above certain thresholds
and may adopt or enact additional rules requiring public disclosure of short positions in the future. These new rules and
related requirements will require additional monitoring and reporting of short positions, thereby increasing the
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administrative, regulatory and compliance burdens and costs for Palogic and its clients. In addition, other non-U.S.
jurisdictions where our clients may trade have adopted or may adopt reporting requirements. The SEC has adopted
various restrictions or limitations on the short sale of securities which fall more than ten percent (10%) in a given day
(referred to as the “circuit breaker” or “modified uptick rule”). The SEC and regulatory authorities in other jurisdictions
could adopt (and in certain cases have adopted) bans or restrictions or limitations on short sales of certain securities or
short sales with respect to certain issuers in response to significant market events. Restrictions, limits or bans on short
selling would make it more difficult for Palogic to execute or effect certain investment strategies and may have a material
adverse effect on a client’s ability to achieve its investment objectives and generate returns.
Call Options
In certain circumstances, clients may transact in call options. There are significant risks associated with the sale and
purchase of call options. A call option is a financial contract that gives the buyer of the contract the right, but not the
obligation, to buy a security or other financial instrument from the seller (or “writer”) at a specified price within a
specified time period. The buyer pays a non-refundable premium to the seller for the right to exercise the call option.
The seller (writer) of a call option which is covered (e.g., the writer holds the underlying security) assumes the risk of a
decline in the market price of the underlying security below the purchase price of the underlying security less the
premium received and gives up the opportunity for gain on the underlying security above the exercise price of the option.
The seller of an uncovered call option assumes the risk of a theoretically unlimited increase in the market price of the
underlying security above the exercise price of the option. The securities necessary to satisfy the exercise of an
uncovered call option may be unavailable for purchase, except at much higher prices, thereby reducing or eliminating
the value of the premium. Purchasing securities to cover the exercise of an uncovered call option can cause the price of
the securities to increase, thereby exacerbating the loss. The buyer of a call option assumes the risk of losing its entire
premium investment in the call option.
Put Options
In certain circumstances, clients may transact in put options. There are risks associated with the sale and purchase of put
options. A put option is a financial contract that gives the buyer of the contract the right, but not the obligation, to sell a
security or other financial instrument to the seller of the put at a specified price within a specified time period. The buyer
pays a non-refundable premium to the seller for the right to exercise the put option. The seller (writer) of a put option
which is covered (e.g., the writer has a short position in the underlying security) assumes the risk of an increase in the
market price of the underlying security above the sales price (in establishing the short position) of the underlying security
plus the premium received and gives up the opportunity for gain on the underlying security if the market price falls
below the exercise price of the option. The seller of an uncovered put option assumes the risk of a decline in the market
price of the underlying security below the exercise price of the option. The buyer of a put option assumes the risk of
losing its entire investment in the put option.
Long/Short
The identification of investment opportunities in the implementation of a client’s long/short investment strategies is a
difficult task, and there are no assurances that such opportunities will be successfully recognized or acquired. In the
event that the perceived opportunities underlying the client’s positions were to fail to converge toward or were to diverge
further from values expected by Palogic, the client may incur a loss. In the event of market disruptions, significant losses
can be incurred which may force the client to close out one or more positions.
Investments in Distressed Issuers
Our clients might invest in equity securities of issuers in weak financial condition, experiencing poor operating results,
having substantial capital needs or negative net worth, facing special competitive or product obsolescence problems and
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“below investment-grade” debt securities, including companies involved in covenant or payment default or in
bankruptcy or other reorganization and liquidation proceedings. These securities are likely to be particularly risky
investments although they also may offer the potential for high returns. Among the risks inherent in investments in
troubled entities is the fact that it frequently may be difficult to obtain information as to the true condition of such issuers.
Such investments may also be adversely affected by laws relating to, among other things, fraudulent transfers and other
voidable transfers or payments, lender liability and the bankruptcy court’s power to disallow, reduce, subordinate or
disenfranchise particular claims. Such companies’ securities may be considered speculative, and the ability of such
companies to pay their debts on schedule and otherwise continue to operate could be affected by adverse interest rate
movements, changes in the general economic climate, economic factors affecting a particular industry or specific
developments within such companies. The level of analytical sophistication, both financial and legal, necessary for
successful investment in companies experiencing significant business and financial difficulties is high, and there is no
assurance that Palogic will analyze such investments correctly.
Highly Volatile Markets
The prices of financial instruments in which clients may invest can be highly volatile. Price movements of the financial
instruments in which clients’ assets may be invested are influenced by, among other things, interest rates, changing
supply and demand relationships, trade, fiscal, monetary and exchange control programs and policies of governments
and national and international political and economic events and policies. Clients are subject to the risk of failure of any
of the Exchanges on which its positions trade or of its clearinghouses. In addition, governments from time to time
intervene in certain markets, directly, by regulation and otherwise, particularly in currencies, futures, and options. Such
intervention is often intended to directly influence prices and may, together with other factors, cause some or all of these
markets to move rapidly in the same direction. The effect of such intervention is often heightened by a group of
governments acting in concert.
Stock Index Options
In certain circumstances, the Adviser may purchase and sell call and put options on stock indices listed on securities
exchanges or traded in the over-the-counter market for the purpose of realizing the investment objectives of its clients or
for the purpose of hedging clients’ portfolios and managing net exposure. A stock index or index option fluctuates with
changes in the market values of the stocks included in the index. The effectiveness of purchasing or writing stock index
options for hedging purposes will depend upon the extent to which price movements in clients’ portfolio correlates with
price movements of the stock indices selected. Because the value of an index option depends upon movements in the
level of the index rather than the price of a particular stock, whether a client realizes gains or losses from the purchase or
writing of options on indices depends upon movements in the level of stock prices in the stock market generally or, in
the case of certain indices, in an industry or market segment, rather than movements in the price of particular stocks.
Accordingly, successful use of options on stock indices will be subject to the Adviser’s ability to correctly predict
movements in the direction of the stock market generally or of particular industries or market segments. This requires
different skills and techniques than predicting changes in the price of individual stocks.
Fixed Income Securities
In addition to its investment in public equity securities, clients may invest in bonds or other fixed income securities of
issuers including, without limitation, bonds, notes, and debentures issued by corporations; debt securities and
commercial paper. Fixed income securities pay fixed, variable or floating rates of interest. The value of fixed income
securities in which clients may invest will change in response to fluctuations in interest rates. In addition, the value of
certain fixed income securities can fluctuate in response to perceptions of creditworthiness, political stability or
soundness of economic policies. Fixed income securities are subject to the risk of the issuer’s inability to meet principal
and interest payments on its obligations (i.e., credit risk) and are subject to price volatility due to such factors as interest
rate sensitivity, market perception of the creditworthiness of the issuer and general market liquidity (i.e., market risk).
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Convertible Securities
The clients may invest in convertible securities. Convertible securities are bonds, debentures, notes, preferred stocks, or
other securities that may be converted into or exchanged for a specified amount of common stock of the same or different
issuer within a particular period of time at a specified price or formula.
The value of a convertible security is a function of its “investment value” (determined by its yield in comparison with
the yields of other securities of comparable maturity and quality that do not have a conversion privilege) and its
“conversion value” (the security’s worth, at market value, if converted into the underlying common stock). The
investment value of a convertible security is influenced by changes in interest rates, with investment value declining as
interest rates increase and increasing as interest rates decline. The credit standing of the issuer and other factors may
also have an effect on the convertible security’s investment value. The conversion value of a convertible security is
determined by the market price of the underlying common stock. If the conversion value is low relative to the investment
value, the price of the convertible security is governed principally by its investment value. To the extent the market price
of the underlying common stock approaches or exceeds the conversion price, the price of the convertible security will
be increasingly influenced by its conversion value. A convertible security generally will sell at a premium over its
conversion value by the extent to which investors place value on the right to acquire the underlying common stock while
holding a fixed-income security. Generally, the amount of the premium decreases as the convertible security approaches
maturity.
A convertible security may be subject to redemption at the option of the issuer at a price established in the convertible
security’s governing instrument. If a convertible security held by the client is called for redemption, the client will be
required to permit the issuer to redeem the security, convert it into the underlying common stock or sell it to a third party.
Any of these actions could have an adverse effect on the client’s ability to achieve its investment objective.
Derivative Instruments
We may take advantage of opportunities with respect to certain derivative instruments that are not presently
contemplated for use or that are currently not available, but that may be developed, to the extent such opportunities are
both consistent with the investment objective of a client and legally permissible. Special risks may apply to instruments
that are invested in by the client in the future that cannot be determined at this time or until such instruments are developed
or invested in by a client. Certain swaps, options and other derivative instruments may be subject to various types of
risks, including market risk, liquidity risk, the risk of non- performance by the counterparty, including risks relating to
the financial soundness and creditworthiness of the counterparty, legal risk, and operations risk.
Trading Decisions
Trading decisions made by Palogic are based on fundamental and other analysis. Any factor that would lessen the
prospect of major trends occurring in the future (such as increased governmental control of, or participation in, the
financial markets or the basic materials sector) may reduce the prospect that a particular trading method or strategy will
be profitable in the future. In the past, there have been periods without discernible trends and, presumably, such periods
will continue to occur in the future. Moreover, any factor that would make it more difficult to execute trades at desired
prices in accordance with the signals of the trading method or strategy (such as a significant lessening of liquidity in a
particular market, such as the basic materials sector) would also be detrimental to profitability. Further, many advisors’
trading methods utilize similar analyses in making trading decisions. Therefore, bunching of buy and sell orders can
occur, which makes it more difficult for a position to be taken or liquidated. No assurance can begiven that the Fund’s
strategies will be successful under all or any market conditions.
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Loans of Portfolio Securities
The Fund may lend its portfolio securities. By doing so, the Fund attempts to increase income through the receipt of
interest on the loan. While a securities loan is outstanding, the Fund will continue to receive the equivalent of the interest
or dividends paid by the issuer on the securities, as well as interest on the investment of the collateral or a fee from the
borrower. The risks in lending securities, as with other extensions of secured credit, if any, consist of possible delay in
receiving additional collateral, if any, or in recovery of the securities or possible loss of rights in the collateral, if any,
should the borrower fail financially. To the extent that the value of the securities the Fund lent increases, the Fund could
experience a loss if such securities are not recovered. Furthermore, the valuation models used to determine whether a
position presents an attractive opportunity consistent with Palogic’s strategies with respect to the Fund may become
outdated and inaccurate as market conditions change.
Relative Value and Directional Movements
Palogic’s investment strategy on behalf of its clients depends upon its ability to accurately predict future price
movements or the convergence of market prices toward the theoretical values expected by Palogic. Any such attempt to
predict future price movements is inherently risky and inaccurate. Often, price movements are determined by factors
that were not anticipated by Palogic and over which Palogic has no control, and the Palogic’s analysis of known factors
may prove to be incorrect, in each case potentially resulting in substantial losses for clients.
Non-U.S. Investments
Clients might periodically invest in financial instruments of non-U.S. corporations and governments. Investing in the
financial instruments of companies (and, from time to time, governments) outside of the United States involves certain
considerations not usually associated with investing in financial instruments of U.S. companies or the U.S. government,
including political and economic considerations, such as greater risks of expropriation, nationalization, confiscatory
taxation, imposition of withholding or other taxes on interest, dividends, capital gains or other income, limitations on
the removal of assets and general social, political and economic instability; the relatively small size of the securities
markets in such countries and the low volume of trading, resulting in potential lack of liquidity and in price volatility;
the evolving and unsophisticated laws and regulations applicable to the securities and financial services industries of
certain countries; fluctuations in the rate of exchange between currencies and costs associated with currency conversion;
and certain government policies that may restrict the client’s investment opportunities. In addition, accounting and
financial reporting standards that prevail outside of the U.S. generally are not as high as U.S. standards and, consequently,
less information is typically available concerning companies located outside of the U.S. than for those located in the U.S.
As a result, the client may be unable to structure its transactions to achieve the intended results or to mitigate all risks
associated with such markets. It may also be difficult to enforce the client’s rights in such markets. For example, financial
instruments traded on non-U.S. exchanges and the non-U.S. persons that trade these instruments are not subject to the
jurisdiction of the SEC or the Commodity Futures Trading Commission or the securities and commodities laws and
regulations of the U.S. Accordingly, the protections accorded to the client under such laws and regulations are unavailable
for transactions on foreign exchanges and with foreign counterparties.
Less Liquid Instruments
Clients generally makes investments in publicly-traded equity securities that are believed to be relatively liquid under
normal market conditions. However, clients may invest in the securities of companies with micro- and small-
capitalizations, which may be thinly traded and otherwise illiquid. In addition, clients may from time to time hold large
positions with respect to a specific type of instrument, which may reduce the clients’ liquidity. Clients may also invest in
other illiquid financial instruments. Clients may be unable to timely dispose of certain assets, which would adversely affect
the clients’ ability to rebalance its portfolio or to meet withdrawal requests. In addition, such circumstances may force
clients to dispose of assets at reduced prices, thereby adversely affecting clients’ performance. If there are other market
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participants seeking to dispose of similar assets at the same time, clients may be unable to sell such assets or prevent
losses relating to such assets. Furthermore, if clients incur substantial trading losses, the need for liquidity could rise
sharply while its access to liquidity could be impaired. In conjunction with a market downturn, clients’ counterparties
could incur losses of their own, thereby weakening their financial condition and increasing clients’ credit risk to them.
Default and Credit Risks
Our clients may invest in debt obligations of both government and corporate issuers. These financial instruments involve
the risk that the obligor either cannot or will not fulfill its obligations under the terms of the financial instrument. The
client and Palogic assume credit risk to their brokers, custodians, and other counterparties in connection with brokerage
arrangements, derivatives and other contractual relationships. In evaluating credit risk, the client and Palogic will often be
dependent upon information provided by the obligor, which may be materially inaccurate or fraudulent. Any actual
default, or any circumstance that increases the possibility of such a default, could have a material adverse effect on our
clients.
Interest Rate Risks
Interest rate risk refers to the risks associated with market changes in interest rates. Interest rate changes have recently
affected and may continue to affect the value of debt investments indirectly (especially where there is a fixed interest rate)
and directly (especially where there is an adjustable interest rate). The rate of inflation has been high in recent years, and it
is currently expected that it may remain high or elevated in the foreseeable future, especially given the market turmoil as a
result of the crises in the financial services industry. To the extent interest rates fall in the future, such falling interest rates
are generally expected to have a positive effect on price. Adjustable-rate instruments also react to interest rate changes in a
similar manner, typically to a lesser degree. Interest rate sensitivity is generally more pronounced and less predictable in
instruments with uncertain payment or prepayment schedules. In addition, recent interest rate increases have, and any
additional future interest rate increases generally will, result in financing for property purchases and improvements being
more costly and difficult to obtain. Further, increases in interest rates after an investment has been acquired by a client may
negatively impact the valuation of such investment.
Illiquid Investments
It is possible that some investments held by the Fund may not be able to be sold except pursuant to a registration
statement filed under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”) or in accordance with Rule 144 or
another exemption under the Securities Act. Furthermore, because of the speculative and non- public nature of some
investments, Palogic may, from time to time, sell or otherwise dispose of investments that later prove to be more valuable
than anticipated at the time of such disposition. Any premature sales or dispositions may prevent the Fund from realizing
as great an overall return on investment as may have been realized if such sales or dispositions had been made at a later
date, which may adversely affect investment results of investors.
Certain securities may be difficult or impossible to sell at the time and price that the Fund desires. The Fund may have to
lower the price, sell other securities instead or forego an investment opportunity, any of which could have a negative effect
on the performance of the Fund. In addition, there may be severe limitations on the Fund’s ability to sell certain securities
at any price during a period of reduced credit market liquidity.
Hedging Transactions
Palogic may utilize financial instruments, both for investment purposes and for risk management purposes, in order to:
(i) protect against possible changes in the market value of the investment portfolio resulting from fluctuations in the
securities markets and changes in interest rates; (ii) protect a client’s unrealized gains in the value of the client’s
investment portfolio; (iii) facilitate the sale of any such investments; (iv) enhance or preserve returns, spreads or gains on
any investment in a client’s portfolio; (v) hedge against a directional trade; (vi) hedge the interest rate or currency
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exchange rate on any of a client’s liabilities or assets; (vii) protect against any increase in the price of any securities the
client anticipates purchasing at a later date; or (viii) for any reason that Palogic deems appropriate.
The success of a client’s hedging strategy depends, in part, upon Palogic’s ability to correctly assess the degree of
correlation between the performance of the instruments used in the hedging strategy and the performance of the portfolio
investments being hedged. Since the characteristics of many securities change as markets change or time passes, the
success of the client’s hedging strategy is also subject to Palogic’s ability to continually recalculate, readjust and execute
hedges in an efficient and timely manner. While a client may enter into hedging transactions to seek to reduce risk, such
transactions may result in a poorer overall performance for the client than if it had not engaged in such hedging
transactions. For a variety of reasons, Palogic may not seek to establish a perfect correlation between the hedging
instruments utilized and the portfolio holdings being hedged. Such an imperfect correlation may prevent the client from
achieving the intended hedge or expose the client to risk of loss. A client is not required to hedge any particular risk in
connection with a particular transaction or its portfolios generally. Moreover, it should be noted that the portfolio is
always exposed to certain risks that may not be hedged. The successful utilization of hedging and risk management
transactions requires skills complementary to those needed in the selection of the client’s portfolio holdings.
Counterparty Risks.
We enter into many transactions with third parties (i.e., borrowers, custodians, prime brokers, etc.) in which the failure
or delay of the third party to perform its obligations under a contract with a client could have a material adverse effect
on such client. Because of the large number of entities and jurisdictions involved and the range of possible factual
scenarios involving the insolvency of a counterparty, it is impossible to generalize about the effect of a counterparty’s
insolvency on us, our clients’ and their assets. Changing circumstances and market conditions, generally beyond our
control, could impair our ability to access our existing cash, cash equivalents or investments. Investors and clients should
assume that the insolvency of any of our financial institutions, prime brokers or other counterparties would result in the
loss of all or a substantial portion of our clients’ assets held by such financial institution, prime broker or counterparty.
If any of our clients’ financial institutions or counterparties were to be placed into receivership, there is no guarantee that
the Department of the Treasury, the Federal Reserve or the FDIC will intercede to provide our clients or other depositors
with access to balances in excess of the $250,000 FDIC insurance limit, that our clients would be able to access their
existing cash, cash equivalents or investments, or that our clients would be able to adequately fund investments, any of
which could have a material adverse effect on our clients and/or the investors. Any losses would be borne by our clients
and/or the investors. In addition, if any of our counterparties are unable to access funds pursuant to such instruments or
lending arrangements with such a financial institution, such parties’ ability to pay their obligations to us or to enter into
new commercial arrangements requiring additional payments to us could be adversely affected. In this regard,
counterparties to credit agreements and arrangements with banks in receivership, and third parties such as beneficiaries
of letters of credit (among others), may experience direct impacts from the closure of such financial institutions and
uncertainty remains over liquidity concerns in the broader financial services industry.
Trade Errors
The Adviser will place orders on behalf of clients to buy, sell and otherwise trade in financial instruments. Over time
there is the potential for errors relating to such trading. Trade errors are not errors in judgment, strategy, market analysis,
economic outlook, etc., but rather errors in the placement, execution or settlement of a trade (other than, for example,
settlement delays that occur in the ordinary course of business), and may include purchasing securities not legally
permitted for an account or fund, or not within an account’s or fund’s investment guidelines; purchasing or selling the
wrong security, or an incorrect amount of a security, for an account or fund; purchasing or selling securities for the wrong
account or fund; selling a security instead of buying a security or vice versa; or allocating securities to the wrong account
or fund. Trade errors may result from keystroke errors that occur when entering trades into an electronic trading system
or typographical or drafting errors related to derivatives contracts or similar agreements or similar human errors. Trade
errors may result in losses but may also result in gains or avoided losses. To the extent an error is caused by a third party,
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such as a broker, the Adviser may (but is not obligated to) seek to recover losses associated with such error from such
third party, taking into account such factors as it deems relevant (including but not limited to operational, contractual and
relationship-driven considerations). Subject to the terms of any agreements, any losses associated with a trade error
generally will be borne by (and any gains associated with a trade error will accrue to the benefit of) the client.
Index Contracts
The Funds also may invest in customized instruments to seek to hedge against the risk of changes in the level of prices of
broad market averages or indices, as well as narrower indices or baskets of securities, foreign currencies or commodity
prices. These hedging strategies may be executed by Palogic through the use of exchange-traded equity index options,
standardized or individually negotiated over-the-counter contracts or other forms of derivative contracts (collectively,
“index contracts”) structured by investment banking institutions.
There are substantial risks associated with index contracts, including possible default by the counterparty to the
transaction, illiquidity and, to the extent Palogic’s view as to certain market movements is incorrect, the risk that the use
of such index contracts could result in losses greater than if they had not been used. Moreover, any lack of correlation
between price movements of index contracts and price movements in the position of the Fund may create the possibility
that losses in the value of the Fund’s position may be greater than the gain on the hedging instrument (or that a gain in the
Fund’s position may be less than the loss on the hedging instrument). In addition, options markets may not be liquid in
all circumstances and certain over-the-counter index contracts may have no markets. As a result, in certain markets, the
Fund might not be able to close a transaction without incurring substantial losses, if at all. Any such result may have a
material adverse effect on the Funds.
Exchange Traded Funds and Other Similar Instruments
Shares of exchange traded funds (“ETFs”) and other similar instruments may be purchased or sold short by the Adviser.
An ETF is an investment company that is registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the
“Company Act”) that holds a portfolio of common stocks designed to track the performance of a particular index. ETFs
sell and redeem their shares at net asset value in large blocks (typically 50,000 of its shares) called “creation units.”
Shares representing fractional interests in these creation units are listed for trading on national securities exchanges and
can be purchased and sold in the secondary market in lots of any size at any time during the trading day. Instruments Palogic
may purchase that are similar to ETFs represent beneficial ownership interests in specific “baskets” of stocks of
companies within a particular industry sector or group. These securities may also be listed on national securities
exchanges and purchased and sold in the secondary market, but unlike ETFs, these securities are not registered as
investment companies under the Company Act
Investments in ETFs and other instruments involve certain inherent risks generally associated with investments in a
broadly-based portfolio of stocks including risks that the general level of stock prices may decline, thereby adversely
affecting the value of each unit of the ETF or other instrument. In addition, an ETF may not fully replicate the
performance of its benchmark index because of the temporary unavailability of certain index securities in the secondary
market or discrepancies between the ETF and the index with respect to the weighting of securities or number of stocks
held. Because ETFs and pools that issue similar instruments bear various fees and expenses, the client’s investment in
these instruments will involve certain indirect costs, as well as transaction costs, such as brokerage commissions. Palogic
considers the expenses associated with an investment in determining whether the Fund should invest in an ETF or other
instrument.
Costs Associated with ETF Investments
Investment managers of mutual funds and ETFs that may be selected by the Palogic will generally be entitled to a fee
based on net assets under management. Any such fees charged by an investment manager of a mutual fund or ETF in
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which the Fund invests are in addition to the management fee and performance allocation and will reduce the client’s
assets accordingly.
Competition
The markets in which clients participate, as well as other markets and strategies in which clients may participate, are
extremely competitive. There can be no assurance that Palogic will be able to identify or successfully pursue attractive
investment opportunities in this environment. Investors should expect that clients’ investments will involve substantially
more company specific and market risk and associated volatility in the future than in the past. Palogic will compete
with many firms, some of which may have substantially greater financial resources, more favorable financing
arrangements, larger research staffs and more securities traders than are available to Palogic.
Operational and Regulatory Risks
General Operational Risks
The volume and complexity of transactions may place substantial burdens on the Palogic’s operational systems and
resources, including those related to trade entry and execution, position reconciliation, corporate actions, collateral, and
margin maintenance, marking procedures, finance, accounting, profit and loss reporting, internal management and risk
reporting and funds transfers. Human error (including, without limitation, trading errors), system failure or other
problems with any of these processes could result in material losses or costs, which generally are borne by the client.
Execution Risks
Palogic’s trading strategy depends on its ability to establish and maintain an overall market position in a combination of
financial instruments selected. Should trading orders and investment decisions not be executed in a timely and efficient
manner, the client might be able to acquire only some, but not all, of the components of such position, or if the overall
position were to need adjustment, Palogic might not be able to make such adjustment. In such an event, the client would
not be able to achieve the market position selected might incur a loss in liquidating its position.
Systems and Facilities Risks
Palogic relies extensively on computer programs and systems to trade, clear and settle securities transactions, to evaluate
certain securities based on real-time trading information, to monitor its portfolio and net capital, and to generate risk
management and other reports that are critical to oversight of investment activities. In addition, certain operations may
interface with or depend on systems operated by third parties, including its brokers, custodians, and market
counterparties. Although the Palogic attempts to develop appropriate contingency plans, there can be no assurance that
such plans will be effective. For example, a natural catastrophe or terrorist incident could temporarily or permanently
interfere with the availability or efficient functioning of such resources. Given the potential for extremely rapid price
movements in the markets in which the Adviser invests, any defect or failure in the computer programs or systems or any
interruption in the Adviser’s or the administrator’s access to its facilities, however brief, could have a material adverse
effect on clients.
Internal Controls and Employee Misconduct
Palogic has adopted supervisory guidelines and other controls with the intention of detecting and preventing
unauthorized trading, the misappropriation of clients’ property and other misconduct and violations of law by
employees. There can be no assurance, however, that such procedures and controls will be effective. Any violation of
such procedures and controls, including acts of fraud and dishonesty by employees or even unsubstantiated allegations of
such misconduct, could result in material losses or costs, which are generally borne by the client.
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Restrictions on Trading and Position Limits
In connection with Palogic’s activities or with the outside activities of the Principals or any employees of Palogic,
Palogic may acquire confidential information or otherwise become restricted in its investment activities. For example,
this occurs in connection with evaluating new investments, serving on the board of directors of issuers or serving on
creditors’ committees. In such event, Palogic may not be free to act upon such confidential information in the course of
performing its duties for clients, and Palogic may not be able to initiate a transaction for the Fund that it otherwise might
have initiated, with the result being that clients are unable to purchase or dispose of a position. Such restrictions would
apply even if clients were not involved in, and could not have benefited from, the receipt of such information or the
imposition of such other restriction.
Position limits and ownership thresholds imposed by various regulations may also limit the Funds, ability to effect
desired trades. Position limits include maximum amounts of net long or net short positions that any one person or entity
may own or control in a particular financial instrument. Other ownership thresholds include reporting requirements,
volume limitations, short-swing profit rules, mandatory tender offer requirements, poison pill provisions and other
regulatory or contractual requirements that make it illegal or undesirable to exceed a certain threshold of ownership in a
particular issuer. In general, all positions owned or controlled by the same person or entity, even if in different accounts,
are aggregated for purposes of determining whether the applicable position limits or ownership thresholds have been
exceeded. Thus, even if a client itself does not intend to exceed the applicable limits, it is possible that different accounts
managed by Palogic may be aggregated. If at any time positions managed by Palogic were to exceed the applicable limits,
Palogic could be required to liquidate positions, which might include positions of the Fund or other clients, to the extent
necessary to come within those limits. Further, to avoid exceeding the applicable limits, the Fund or other clients may
have to forego or modify certain of their contemplated trades.
Cybersecurity Risks
We, our clients and our respective affiliates and service providers depend on information technology systems and,
notwithstanding the diligence that we or our affiliates may perform on its or our clients’ service providers, it may not be in
a position to verify the risks or reliability of such information technology systems. We, our clients and our respective
affiliates and service providers are subject to risks associated with a breach in cybersecurity. “Cybersecurity” is a generic
term used to describe the technology, processes and practices designed to protect networks, systems, computers,
programs and data from both intentional cyber-attacks and hacking by other computer users as well as unintentional
damage or interruption that, in either case, can result in damage and disruption to hardware and software systems, loss or
corruption of data, and/or misappropriation of confidential information. We, our affiliates and our information and
technology systems are vulnerable to damage or interruption from computer viruses, network failures, computer and
telecommunication failures, infiltration by unauthorized persons and security breaches, usage errors by their respective
professionals, power outages and catastrophic events such as fires, tornadoes, floods, hurricanes and earthquakes.
Although we have implemented various measures to manage risks relating to these types of events, if these systems are
compromised, become inoperable for extended periods of time or cease to function properly, we or an affiliate may have
to make a significant investment to fix or replace them. The failure of these systems and/or of disaster recovery plans
for any reason could cause significant interruptions in our, our client’s or any of our respective affiliates’ operations and
result in a failure to maintain the security, confidentiality or privacy of sensitive data, including personal information
relating to investors (and the beneficial owners of investors). Such a failure could harm our or our affiliates’ reputation,
subject any such entity and their respective affiliates to legal claims and otherwise affect its business and financial
performance. Such damage or interruptions to information technology systems may cause losses to our clients or
individual investors by interfering with the operations of us and our affiliates (or their service providers). Our clients
may also incur substantial costs as the result of a cybersecurity breach, including those associated with forensic analysis
of the origin and scope of the breach, increased and upgraded cybersecurity, identity theft, unauthorized use of
proprietary information, litigation, adverse investor reaction, the dissemination of confidential and proprietary
information and reputational damage. Any such breach could expose our clients, us and our respective affiliates to civil,
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legal or regulatory liability as well as regulatory inquiry and/or action, and our clients may be required to indemnify us
and our affiliates against any losses incurred in connection therewith. Cybersecurity issues and risks are currently a major
focus area of the SEC and other regulatory authorities.
Data Protection and Information Security Compliance Risk
Compliance with current and future (i) privacy, data protection and information security laws and (ii) league rules
regarding the use and disclosure of confidential information could significantly impact current and planned privacy and
information security related practices, the collection, use, sharing, retention and safeguarding of personal data and any
client’s current and planned business activities and as such could increase costs for such clients or funds or their or our
ability to disclose certain investment information to its investors. A failure to comply with such laws, regulations and
league rules could result in fines, sanctions or other penalties, which could materially and adversely affect the results of
operations of our clients, as well as have an impact on a client’s ability to make future investments.
Investments in which our clients invest are or may be subject to laws and regulations related to privacy, data protection
and information security in the jurisdictions in which they operate or do business. As privacy, data protection and
information security laws and regulations are implemented, interpreted and applied, compliance costs may increase,
particularly in the context of ensuring that adequate data protection and data transfer mechanisms are in place.
California has passed the California Consumer Privacy Act of 2018 (as amended by the California Privacy Rights Act
of 2020, the “CCPA”). The CCPA generally applies to businesses that collect personal information about California
consumers, and either meet certain thresholds with respect to revenue or buying and/or selling consumers' personal
information. The CCPA imposes stringent legal and operational obligations on such businesses as well as certain affiliated
entities that share common branding. The CCPA is enforceable by the California Attorney General. Additionally, if
unauthorized access, theft or disclosure of a consumer's personal information occurs, and the business did not maintain
reasonable security practices, consumers could file a civil action (including a class action) without having to prove actual
damages. Statutory damages range from $100 to $750 per consumer per incident, or actual damages, whichever is greater.
The Attorney General also may impose civil penalties ranging from $2,500 to $7,500 per violation.
The European Union (the “EU”) data protection law currently in effect is in the form of the General Data Protection
Regulation (EU 2016/679) (the “GDPR”), which took direct effect across the EU member states on May 25, 2018.
The GDPR seeks to harmonize national data protection laws across the EU, while at the same time, modernizing the law
to address new technological developments. The GDPR notably has a greater extra-territorial reach than pre- existing
legislation and has a significant impact on data controllers and data processors (i) with an establishment in the EU, (ii)
which offer goods or services to EU data subjects or (iii) which monitor EU data subjects' behavior within the EU. The
GDPR imposes more stringent operational requirements on both data controllers and data processors and introduces
significant penalties for non-compliance, with fines of up to 4% of total annual worldwide revenue or €20 million
(whichever is higher), depending on the type and severity of the breach.
Other jurisdictions, including other U.S. states, have passed or proposed or are considering similar privacy laws, which
may impose similarly significant costs, potential liabilities and operational and legal obligations. Such privacy laws and
regulations vary from jurisdiction to jurisdiction, which may increase costs and operational and legal burdens on
regulated entities. Further, compliance with current and future privacy laws could significantly impact current and
planned privacy and information security related practices, the collection, use, sharing, retention and safeguarding of
personal data and some of our current and planned business activities. Any such privacy law could materially and
adversely affect the results of operations and overall business of our clients and/or their investments, as well as have a
negative impact on their respective performance.
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Risks Relating to Client Terms and Structure
Operating and Performance History
The past performance of the Fund, other clients of Palogic, Palogic, the Principals and their respective affiliates is not
necessarily indicative of the future performance or profitability of the Fund or an investment therein. Each client’s
investment program should be evaluated on the basis that there can be no assurance that Palogic’s assessment of the short-
term or long-term prospects of investments will prove accurate or that a client will achieve its investment objective. An
investment in the Program or the Fund involves a substantial degree of risk, including the loss of all capital.
Transparency and Liquidity Rights of Other Clients
The transparency and liquidity terms applicable to our clients (or the transparency or liquidity rights or terms granted to
certain investors in the Funds) are or may be more favorable in certain material respects than the transparency and
liquidity terms generally applicable to other clients or the investors in the Funds. As a result, these other clients (or certain
investors in the Funds) may be able to request withdrawals or obtain liquidity from their accounts at a time when investors
in the Funds cannot or generally may not be able to request redemptions or obtain liquidity with respect to the Funds.
Where such other clients share an investment strategy with (or have investment strategies and objectives that materially
overlap with) the Funds, such withdrawals or liquidity actions could affect the price and availability of the securities and
instruments in which the Funds invest, if, for example, such other clients managed by the Adviser were able to liquidate
certain of positions that are also held by the Funds in order to effect the withdrawals or provide liquidity.
Reliance on Palogic and Key Personnel
Pursuant to the terms of the governing documents of the Fund and the IMAs, Palogic has full discretionary authority to
identify, structure, execute, administer, monitor, and liquidate trades made on behalf of clients. The success of the
clients’ investments is dependent upon the abilities and retention of Palogic and the Principals, and/or any other key
personnel of Palogic. If any one of the Principals or key personnel of Palogic ceases to be involved, directly or indirectly,
in Palogic and the management of the Program or the Fund or its portfolio, clients would likely be adversely affected.
There is no prohibition preventing any one of the Principals or key personnel from terminating his relationship with
Palogic.
While Palogic and its affiliates devote as much time to clients’ affairs as they deem necessary and appropriate, they
generally are not precluded from engaging in outside activities. Palogic and its affiliates generally may engage and hold
interests in other business ventures and activities of every kind and description for their own account including, without
limitation, other investment entities similar to the Fund and/or other investment advisory entities similar to Palogic.
THE FOREGOING RISK FACTORS DO NOT PURPORT TO BE A COMPLETE LIST OR EXPLANATION OF
ALL THE RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH AN INVESTMENT IN THE FUND. INVESTORS ARE ENCOURAGED
TO REVIEW THE FUND OFFERING AND GOVERNING DOCUMENTS. INVESTORS ARE ALSO URGED TO
CONSULT WITH THEIR OWN LEGAL AND TAX ADVISORS BEFORE MAKING ANY INVESTMENT
DECISIONS. IN ADDITION, AS THE FUND’S INVESTMENT PROGRAM DEVELOPS AND CHANGES OVER
TIME, AN INVESTMENT IN THE FUND MAY BE SUBJECT TO ADDITIONAL AND DIFFERENT RISK
FACTORS.
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Item 9 – Disciplinary Information
Registered investment advisers are required to disclose all material facts regarding any legal or disciplinary events
that would be material to your evaluation of the adviser or the integrity of adviser’s management.
There are no legal, regulatory, or disciplinary events involving the Firm or its Principals. Palogic values the trust
clients/investors place in the Firm. The Firm encourages clients/investors to perform the requisite due diligence on any
adviser or service provider that the client/investor engages.
The backgrounds of the Firm and its advisory persons are available on the Investment Adviser Public Disclosure
website at www.adviserinfo.sec.gov.
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Item 10 – Other Financial Industry Activities and Affiliations
The Firm is not registered, and does not have an application pending to register, as a broker-dealer or registered
representative of a broker-dealer. Currently, no employees of the Firm are registered representatives of a broker-
dealer.
Neither the Firm nor any of its Principals are registered, or have an application pending to register, as a futures
commission merchant, commodity pool operator, commodity trading adviser, or an associated person of the foregoing
entities.
The Firm has no relationships or arrangements with any related person listed in the instructions to Item 10.C. that are
material to its advisory business or to its clients.
The Firm does not recommend or select other investment advisers for its clients.
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Item 11 – Code of Ethics, Participation or Interest in Client Transactions and Personal Trading
Code of Ethics and Personal Trading Policy
The Firm has adopted a code of ethics and personal trading policy (“Code of Ethics”) in furtherance of its compliance
with applicable laws. The Firm prohibits employees from using or attempting to use their position at the Firm to obtain
improper benefits for themselves or any other person.
The Firm’s Code of Ethics permits employees to invest for their personal accounts (subject to certain guidelines and
restrictions, discussed further below under “Personal Trading”) which may create a conflict of interest with the
investors. In order to address these conflicts and prevent improper trading by personnel of the Firm, it has adopted
various procedures, detailed in its Code of Ethics. Among other things, the Firm’s policies require that all personal
securities transactions, subject to various exemptions (as detailed the Code of Ethics) and including IPOs and private
security investments, made by employees be approved in advance by the Firm’s CCO or designee. The CCO or designee
will review the employees’ personal trade request(s) and determine if at the time the personal trade conflicts with a
current or pending Firm trade. If a conflict exists, the employee may not be permitted to execute the trade in their
personal account. Additionally, employees must report certain personal securities holdings upon employment as well
as complete quarterly certifications of their personal securities transactions.
The Firm has also adopted policies and procedures designed to prevent employees from being unduly influenced in
their decisions by receipt of gifts, entertainment, or other inducements by third parties, such as trading counterparties,
vendors or investors.
Palogic does not direct investment of clients in the Program’s assets into the Fund or make recommendations to clients
in the Program to invest in the Fund. However, Palogic does not prohibit clients in the Program from making an
independent decision to invest in the Fund with the acknowledgment regarding the Fund's fees that are also separate
and distinct from the Program Fee.
Outside Activities
Some of the Firm’s Principals or employees serve and/or and may in the future serve, but currently do not serve, on
the management committees, boards of directors, or in other capacities of various organizations or companies in which
the Adviser invests. Any such employee could have a conflict of interest between discharging their obligation in such
capacities and acting in the best interest of a Funds and would typically receive compensation (whether in the form of
incentive awards or otherwise) in their capacities as a director, officer or agent of such organizations or companies and
are not required to share such compensation with the Fund. The Firm has adopted various policies and procedures to
address potential conflicts of interest arising from outside business activities, including but not limited to pre-approval of
such activities and periodic updated disclosures.
The Funds and the Program do not limit the Firm’s ability or any related person’s ability to form or manage other funds
or accounts of any nature whatsoever. The Firm has adopted fee, expense and investment allocation policies and
procedures to address any potential conflict among said funds and accounts with overlapping mandates or investment
periods. Subject to the foregoing, there are no limitations on the Firm’s ability or any related person’s ability to engage in
other business or investment activities, whether related or unrelated to the Fund or the Program.
Outside of quarterly disclosure requirements to the Firm’s CCO or designee, the Firm and its related persons are not
subject to any specific obligations or requirements concerning the allocation of time, effort or investment opportunities
to the Fund or clients in the Program, or any restrictions on the nature or timing of investments for the Fund or clients
in the Program, the Firm’s proprietary accounts or the Firm’s related person’s proprietary accounts. The Firm’s owners
and employees are not obligated to devote any specific amount of time to the affairs of the Firm, the Fund or the
Program and they are not required to accord any exclusivity or priority to the Fund or any clients in the Program or
account in the event of “limited availability” investment opportunities and, as a result, conflicts of interest may arise.
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These potential conflicts of interest are addressed via policies and procedures related to Personal Trading and Outside
Activities.
Insider Trading
During its investment activities or otherwise, the Firm or its personnel may acquire confidential or material non- public
information or otherwise be restricted in their investment activities, and, in such event, the Firm and such related
persons may not be free to act upon such information. Due to such information or restrictions, the Firm may not initiate
a transaction for a Fund or account that the Firm may otherwise have initiated, and such Fund or account may, as a
result, be required to maintain a position that it otherwise might have sold or be required to refrain from acquiring a
position that it otherwise may have acquired.
The Firm maintains policies and procedures, including in its Code of Ethics, and trains all personnel on, the
identification and proper handling of such information, including as to personal securities transactions. A copy of the
Adviser’s Code of Ethics is available to any Client or prospective investor upon request.
Personal Trading
Neither we nor our related persons recommend to clients, or buys or sells for client accounts, securities in which we
or our related persons have a material financial interest. Our employees, excluding Portfolio Managers (as defined
below), are permitted to engage in personal investment activities that involve or may involve a conflict of interest with
the investment activities of clients. From time to time, employees may purchase or dispose of securities of the same
class or issuer as those owned by clients, and clients may purchase or dispose of securities of the same class or issuer
as those owned by employees. We have adopted policies and procedures to address and mitigate these potential
conflicts, including the requirement to seek prior approval from the Firm’s chief compliance officer for proposed
trades that may conflict with client trades and the adoption of restrictive trading window for employee trades that may
coincide with client trades. Portfolio Managers (the “Portfolio Managers”), as defined by the Firm, are prohibited
from owning an outside personal trading account, except that of a product offered by the Firm, such as participation
in the Fund or the Program, a third-party managed separately managed account, or such brokerage account that
transacts exclusively in ETFs or mutual funds.
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Item 12 – Brokerage Practices
Brokerage for the Funds
The Firm generally has discretion to determine, subject to the Funds’ disclosed investment objectives, policies and
strategies, the securities to be purchased or sold and in what amounts, the broker-dealers and other financial
intermediaries used in effecting the transactions for the Fund, and the commission rates to be paid for such transactions.
The Firm does not permit the Fund to direct brokerage to a specified broker-dealer. All brokerage transactions will be
executed through the broker-dealers selected by the Firm.
The Firm selects the broker-dealers and other financial intermediaries used to effect transactions on behalf of the Fund.
The Firm seeks to obtain “best execution” from these broker-dealers based on a variety of factors. In selecting broker-
dealers to effect portfolio transactions, the Firm may cause the Funds to enter into arrangements pursuant to which the
client pays transaction costs in an amount greater than would be incurred if another broker-dealer were used. The Firm
is not required to solicit competitive bids or seek the lowest available commission or transaction costs. The transactions
executed may be cleared through, and the Fund’s investment instruments may be held by, a number of financial
institutions the Firm selects on terms negotiated with each such financial institution individually. Subject to the Firm’s
agreement with the Fund, the Firm generally will use a variety of financial institutions both to take advantage of
differing expertise and capabilities and to avoid, due to credit concerns, having all investment instruments concentrated
at one firm. In selecting or recommending brokers, we generally do not consider whether we or our related persons
receive client or investor referrals from such brokers.
Brokerage for the Wrap Fee Program
The Firm does not permit clients in the Program to direct brokerage to a specified broker-dealer, as the Firm has entered
into a service agreement with Raymond James & Associates, Inc. (“Raymond James”) as carrying broker and custodian
for the Program. Raymond James provides custody services for clients in the Program and executes, clears, and settles
orders with respect to client accounts in the Program, makes valuation and other information with respect to publicly
traded securities credited to client accounts in the Program available upon request and certain other services from time
to time. Raymond James may receive compensation related to client accounts in a variety of ways, including but not
limited to margin accounts and security-based lending, credit balance spreads, investment funds, insurance structured
products, alternative investments and other products. The Program Fee includes the costs incurred in executing
transactions for its clients, including the fees for execution of brokerage transactions. Pursuant to a Client Benefit
Confirmation Agreement with Raymond James, Palogic may receive a client cash benefit (the “Client Benefit
Program”) from Raymond James based on total regulatory assets under management in the Program, which presents a
conflict of interest between clients in the Program and the Firm. For additional information regarding the Client Benefit
Program, clients can contact the Adviser. In addition, Palogic may receive reimbursement of expenses from Raymond
James as well as other benefits to help offset costs associated with establishing the Program. Please refer to the Form
ADV Part 2A Appendix 1: Wrap Fee Program brochure for more information.
Soft Dollars
The Firm or its affiliates may receive products and services from brokers dealers in addition to brokerage services. A
portion of the commissions generated on brokerage transactions may generate “soft dollar” credits that the Firm is
authorized to use to pay for research and other non-research related services and products used by the Firm or its
affiliates. The Firm may enter into “soft dollar” arrangements with one or more broker-dealers whereby the Firm will
direct securities transactions to the broker-dealer in return for research products and services from the broker-dealer.
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Although the Firm will use the research and services in making investment decisions for the Funds and clients in the
Program, the Firm’s use of such research or services for other accounts means clients will generally pay more than the
lowest available commissions for execution of these transactions. The Firm may also enter into “soft dollar”
arrangements to cover expenses or costs of the Funds and/or the Program and expenses of the Firm to the extent such
arrangements are permitted by law.
The Firm has authority to use “soft dollar” credits generated by the clients’ securities transactions to pay for expenses
that might otherwise have been borne by the Firm. This may give the Firm an incentive to select brokers or dealers for
client transactions, or to negotiate commission rates or other execution terms, in a manner that takes into account the soft
dollar benefits received by the Firm rather than giving exclusive consideration to the interests of clients.
In the event the Firm elects to use soft dollars, it intends to limit such use to services that fall within the safe harbor
afforded by Section 28(e) of the Exchange Act or such services that are otherwise reasonably related to the investment
decision-making process. The term “soft dollars” refers to the receipt by an investment adviser of products and services
provided by brokers, without any cash payment by the investment adviser, based on the volume of revenues generated
from brokerage commissions for transactions executed for clients of the investment adviser. The products and services
available from brokers include both internally generated items (such as research reports prepared by employees of the
broker) as well as items acquired by the broker from third parties (such as quotation equipment).
The use of brokerage commissions to obtain investment research services and to pay for the administrative costs and
expenses of the Firm creates a conflict of interest between the Firm and the Fund, because the Fund pays for such
products and services that are not exclusively for the benefit of the Fund and that may be primarily or exclusively for
the benefit of the Firm or clients in the Program. This conflict of interest with respect to soft dollars is not present to the
same extent with respect to clients in the Program since the cost of brokerage commissions is included in the Program Fee.
To the extent that the Firm is able to acquire these products and services without expending its own resources (including
management fees paid by the Fund), the Firm’s use of “soft-dollars” would tend to increase the Firm’s profitability. In
addition, the availability of these non-monetary benefits may influence the Firm to select one broker rather than another
to perform services for the Fund. The Fund’s offering documents and the IMA for the Program specifically authorize
these practices to the fullest extent permitted by law.
During the last fiscal year, we did not acquire any soft dollars.
Order Aggregation
In general (and when applicable), the Firm attempts to aggregate multiple orders for the purchase or sale of the same
instrument into block transactions, subject to the overall obligation to achieve best price and execution for the Firm’s
clients. The Adviser is afforded significant discretion to determine the timing, extent, and nature of investment
decisions on behalf of clients. Palogic may not conduct transactions on behalf of all clients in which they are responsible
for at the same time, to the same degree, or in the same manner regardless of whether any or all clients have similar
account sizes, diversification requirements, investment objectives, risk tolerance, cash availability, and tax preferences.
In an effort to help ensure allocations do not intentionally favor one client over another, the Adviser utilizes different
investment strategies based on market capitalization. Typically, the market capitalization of securities for the pooled
investment vehicles are smaller while the wrap program is generally larger in size. The difference in market
capitalization of these securities help mitigate potential conflicts as there is not a significant overlap. Generally, prior
to executing a transaction for client accounts in the Program, a pre-trade allocation is determined by the Firm and
client accounts are typically allocated pro-rata. Although there is generally little overlap between clients in the
Program and Fund clients, allocations between Program and Fund clients are generally done on a pro-rata basis. The
Adviser is afforded significant discretion to determine the timing, extent, and nature of investment decisions and may
not conduct transactions to the same degree, at the same time, or in the same manner. In circumstance where overlap
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may exist however, the Adviser maintains policies and procedures including an allocation policy to treat clients in a
fair and equitable manner.
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Item 13 – Review of Accounts
The Principals are responsible for reviewing the Funds and clients in the Program’s investment portfolios. The
Principals commonly perform daily reviews of positions as they deem appropriate. Among other items, we consider
the valuation of holdings, expected rates of return, investment diversification and risk factors based upon the stated
investment goals and objectives for the client during said reviews. Accounts are reviewed in the context of each client’s
stated investment objectives and guidelines. The Firm conducts reviews of accounts on a periodic basis.
With respect to accounting matters, we have engaged KPMG LLP to conduct an annual audit of the financial statements
each of the Funds.
We, our administrator and/or our auditor generally provide investors in the Funds annual audited financial statements,
quarterly portfolio performance reports and annual U.S. income tax information. All such reports are written. The Firm
and/or the Funds also provide custom reporting to certain investors upon their request that is not distributed or
otherwise made available to other investors. This custom reporting may provide the recipients more fulsome and/or
more timely insights into the performance and securities composition of the Funds. The Funds has also entered side letter
agreements with certain investors that provide, among other things, the ability to redeem their interests from the Fund
with shorter notice or otherwise more rapidly than other investors. The Firm may in its sole discretion waive redemption
restrictions and/or notice requirements. While the Firm has the discretion to offer such custom reporting and special
redemption rights pursuant to the Fund offering documents, this may create a conflict of interest in terms of advantaging
the recipient investors over other investors. Especially during periods of market volatility, they may, for example, be
able to see trends in the Funds earlier and act on them earlier while maximizing their value potentially at the expense
of other investors without such custom reporting or special redemption rights. The Firm has established policies and
procedures to mitigate this potential conflict of interest to balance its fiduciary and other duties against the foregoing
special rights by preventing those special rights from materially negatively impacting the Funds.
Wrap Fee Program
Client accounts are reviewed on an ongoing basis, but no less than annually. Clients are advised that it remains their
responsibility to make the Adviser aware of any changes in their investment objectives or financial situation. Clients
are also provided, at least quarterly, with written transaction confirmation notices and regular unaudited summary
account statements directly from Raymond James. Clients in the Program, through Raymond James, will have online
account access to their account and may receive reports at their discretion by logging into their account. All clients (in
person or via telephone) are encouraged to review financial planning issues, as applicable, investment objectives and
account performance with the Adviser on an annual basis.
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Item 14 – Client Referrals and Other Compensation
Except as described in Item 12 above, including with respect to the Client Benefit Program, the Firm does not receive
any economic benefit, including sales awards or prizes, from any third party for providing advisory services to the
Fund.
On or about March 21, 2022, the Adviser entered into an Asset Purchase Agreement with Peters Wealth Management
(“PWM”), formerly an SEC-registered investment adviser, for the purchase of substantially all of PWM’s business in
consideration for a promissory note issued by the Adviser payable to PWM with fixed principal and interest payments
over a 10-year period.
The Firm does not have any agreement with a third-party placement agent to direct investors to the Fund or clients to
the Program and does not otherwise compensate anyone for referring clients to the Firm.
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Item 15 – Custody
We have, or may be deemed to have, custody of the Funds’ and clients in the Program’s assets and securities for
purposes of Rule 206(4)-2 under the Advisers Act. To the extent required by Rule 206(4)-2 under the Advisers Act,
each client’s cash and securities (except for privately offered securities) are held with one or more qualified custodians
selected by us or an affiliate. We may change the custodians at any time and from time to time without the consent of,
or notice to, investors.
As noted in Item 13 above, Fund investors receive annual financial statements audited by an independent public
accounting firm. Fund investors are urged to carefully review such statements. Qualified custodians do not provide
statements directly to investors in the Funds.
Wrap Fee Program
Raymond James is the carrying broker and custodian for the Program’s clients. As noted in Item 13 above, the
custodian sends quarterly statements to Program clients and regular unaudited summary account reports. Clients have
online access to their accounts and may receive additional reports at their discretion by logging into their account.
Clients should carefully review these statements and reports.
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Item 16 – Investment Discretion
Discretionary Authority
The Firm exercises discretion in managing the investments of the Funds and clients in the Program, based on its
particular investment objectives, policies and strategies disclosed in such Fund offering documents pursuant the Fund
governing and operating documents and IMAs. The Firm generally has the authority to determine the broker-dealer,
futures commission merchant or other counterparty to be used for client transactions and the negotiation of commission
rates and other consideration to be paid by the client.
Limited Power of Attorney
Each investor in the Funds generally grants us or our affiliate a limited power of attorney to enable us or our affiliate to
execute the applicable partnership agreement and various other related matters on their behalf. We also have the
authority to conduct authorized trading and investment activities on behalf of each of our clients.
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Item 17 – Voting Client Securities Funds
The Firm has the authority to vote proxies with respect to securities owned by the Funds and the Firm follows a proxy
voting policy to ensure that proxies the firm votes, on behalf of the Funds, are voted to further the best interest of that
Fund. The policy establishes a mechanism to address any conflicts of interests between the Firm and the Fund. Further,
the policy establishes how Fund investors may obtain information on how the proxies have been voted.
The Firm determines how to vote after studying the proxy materials and any other materials that may be necessary or
beneficial to voting. The Firm votes proxies in a manner that it believes reasonably furthers the best interests of the
Fund and its investors and is consistent with the investment philosophy as set forth in the relevant Fund offering
documents. Investors generally may not direct or otherwise influence our vote with respect to any particular proxy
solicitation.
If a proxy vote creates a material conflict between the interests of the Firm and a Funds, the Firm will resolve the conflict
before voting the proxies. The Firm will take steps designed to ensure that a decision to vote the proxy was based on the
Firm’s determination of the Fund’s best interest and was not the product of the conflict.
The Firm maintains records of (i) all proxy votes that are made on behalf of the Funds; (ii) all written requests from
Fund investors regarding voting history; and (iii) all responses (written and oral) to investors’ requests. Such records
and a copy of the Firm’s proxy voting policy are available to the Fund investors upon request.
Wrap Fee Program
Unless agreed otherwise in writing, we are precluded from and the Program client will be responsible for: (a) directing
the manner in which proxies solicited by issuers of securities beneficially owned will be voted, and (b) making all
elections relative to any mergers, acquisitions, tender offers, bankruptcy proceedings or other type events pertaining to
the securities in the account. The Program authorizes and direct Palogic to instruct the Custodian to forward copies of
all proxies and shareholder communications.
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Item 18 – Financial Information
Neither the Firm, nor its Principals, have any adverse financial situation that would reasonably impair the ability of
the Firm to meet all obligations to its Client(s).
Neither the Firm, nor any of its Principals, have been subject to a bankruptcy or financial compromise.
The Firm does not collect advance fees of $1,200 or more for services to be performed six (6) months or more in the
future.
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