Overview
- Total Firm Assets
- $140 million
- Average High-Net-Worth Client Portfolio Size
- $1.9 million
- Minimum Account Size
- $250,000
Fee Structure
Primary Fee Schedule (ADV PART 2A - PLAN FIRST WEALTH LLC)
| Min | Max | Marginal Fee Rate |
|---|---|---|
| $0 | $2,500,000 | 1.00% |
| $2,500,001 | $5,000,000 | 0.75% |
| $5,000,001 | $10,000,000 | 0.50% |
| $10,000,001 | and above | 0.25% |
Illustrative Fee Rates
| Total Assets | Annual Fees | Average Fee Rate |
|---|---|---|
| $1 million | $10,000 | 1.00% |
| $5 million | $43,750 | 0.88% |
| $10 million | $68,750 | 0.69% |
| $50 million | $168,750 | 0.34% |
| $100 million | $293,750 | 0.29% |
Clients
- High-Net-Worth Share of Firm Assets
- 87.54%
- Number of High-Net-Worth Clients
- 64
- Total Client Accounts
- 204
- Discretionary Accounts
- 166
- Non-Discretionary Accounts
- 38
Services Offered
Services: Financial Planning, Portfolio Management for Individuals, Educational Seminars
Regulatory Filings
- SEC CRD Number
- 289185
Primary Brochure: ADV PART 2A - PLAN FIRST WEALTH LLC (2026-05-13)
View Document Text
Item 1: Cover Page
FORM ADV 2A
FIRM BROCHURE
February 12, 2026
This brochure provides information about the qualifications and business practices of Plan First Wealth LLC.
If you have any questions about the contents of this brochure, please contact us at 646-201-4865 or by email
info@planfirstwealth.com. The information in this brochure has not been approved or verified by the United
States Securities and Exchange Commission or by any state securities authority.
Additional information about Plan First Wealth LLC is also available on the SEC’s website at
www.adviserinfo.sec.gov. Plan First Wealth LLC’s CRD number is: 289185.
Mailing address: 228 Park Ave S,
#51430
New York, NY, 10003
info@planfirstwealth.com
https://planfirstwealth.com/
Registration does not imply a certain level of skill or training.
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Item 2: Material Changes
Plan First Wealth LLC has made the following material changes to this brochure since its last Annual Updating
Amendment filed on February 10, 2025. This is our Annual Filing to disclosure material changes that relate to
Plan First Wealth LLC’s policies, practices, or conflicts of interest.
The following material changes have been made;
Item 4 – The firm updated its Assets Under Management
Item 4(B) – Updated the name of the SIPP trustee London & Colonial to Pathlines Pensions UK Limited
Item 5(A,B,D) – Removed biannual in advance billing for RL360 & Utmost.
•
•
•
•
August 25, 2025
Item 4(B) – The firm has added a partnership to MN Tax.
Item 8(C) - Risks were added for new investment options including private equity and private credit.
Item 5(A) – The firm corrected the billing mode for accounts custodied at Schwab.
April 22, 2025
Item 5(A) - The firm has updated its fee schedule and added a new custodian, Schwab.
Item 10(D) - The firm has added a new sub-adviser, ALPS.
Item 8(C) - Risks were added for new investment options including buffered ETFs, interval funds, commodities
ETFs, structured notes, bitcoin ETFs and crypto assets.
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Item 3: Table of Contents
Item 1: Cover Page ............................................................................................................................................................................................................... 1
Item 2: Material Changes .................................................................................................................................................................................................... 2
Item 3: Table of Contents .................................................................................................................................................................................................... 3
Item 4: Advisory Business ................................................................................................................................................................................................... 5
A. Description of the Advisory Firm ............................................................................................................................................................................ 5
B. Types of Advisory Services ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 5
C. Client Tailored Services and Client Imposed Restrictions ................................................................................................................................... 7
D. Wrap Fee Programs ................................................................................................................................................................................................... 7
E. Assets Under Management ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 8
Item 5: Fees and Compensation ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 9
A. Fee Schedule ............................................................................................................................................................................................................... 9
B. Payment of Fees ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 11
C. Third Party Fees ....................................................................................................................................................................................................... 11
D. Prepayment of Fees.................................................................................................................................................................................................. 12
E. Outside Compensation for the Sale of Securities to Clients ................................................................................................................................. 12
Item 6: Performance-Based Fees and Side-By-Side Management ................................................................................................................................ 12
Item 7: Types of Clients ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 12
Item 8: Methods of Analysis, Investment Strategies, & Risk of Loss ........................................................................................................................... 12
A. Methods of Analysis and Investment Strategies ................................................................................................................................................. 12
B. Material Risks Involved ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 13
C. Risks of Specific Securities Utilized...................................................................................................................................................................... 13
A. Criminal or Civil Actions ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 16
Item 9: Disciplinary Information ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 16
B. Administrative Proceedings .................................................................................................................................................................................. 16
C. Self-regulatory Organization (SRO) Proceedings ............................................................................................................................................... 16
Item 10: Other Financial Industry Activities and Affiliations ...................................................................................................................................... 16
A. Registration as a Broker/Dealer or Broker/Dealer Representative ................................................................................................................. 16
B. Registration as a Futures Commission Merchant, Commodity Pool Operator, ............................................................................................. 16
or a Commodity Trading Advisor .............................................................................................................................................................................. 16
C. Registration Relationships Material to this Advisory Business and Possible ................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
Conflicts of Interests .................................................................................................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
D. Selection of Other Advisers or Managers and How This Adviser is Compensated for Those Selections ................................................. 17
A. Code of Ethics .......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 17
Item 11: Code of Ethics, Material Interests, Trading with Clients ............................................................................................................................... 17
B. Recommendations Involving Material Financial Interests ................................................................................................................................ 17
C. Investing Personal Money in the Same Securities as Clients ............................................................................................................................ 17
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A. Factors Used to Select Custodians and/or Broker/Dealers .............................................................................................................................. 18
Item 12: Brokerage Practices ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 18
B. Aggregating (Block) Trading for Multiple Client Accounts .............................................................................................................................. 19
A. Frequency and Nature of Periodic Reviews and Who Makes Those Reviews ............................................................................................... 19
Item 13: Review of Accounts ............................................................................................................................................................................................ 19
B. Factors That Will Trigger a Non-Periodic Review of Client Accounts ............................................................................................................. 19
Item 14: Client Referrals and Other Compensation ....................................................................................................................................................... 19
A. Economic Benefits Provided by Third Parties for Advice Rendered to Clients (Includes Sales Awards or Other Prizes) ...................... 19
B. Compensation to Non – Advisory Personnel for Client Referrals .................................................................................................................... 19
Item 15: Custody ................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 19
Item 16: Investment Discretion ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 20
Item 17: Voting Client Securities (Proxy Voting) ............................................................................................................................................................ 20
Item 18: Financial Information ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 20
A. Balance Sheet .......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 20
B. Financial Conditions Reasonably Likely to Impair Ability to Meet Contractual Commitments to Clients ................................................. 21
C. Bankruptcy Petitions in Previous Ten Years ....................................................................................................................................................... 21
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Item 4: Advisory Business
A. Description of the Advisory Firm
Plan First Wealth LLC (hereinafter “PFW”) is a Limited Liability Company organized in the State of Delaware. The firm
launched in January 2018 under the name Taylor and Taylor Financial Services USA LLC, and in 2022 the firm’s name
changed to Plan First Wealth LLC. The principal owner is Richard Taylor.
PFW focuses on providing specialist cross border advice to British expatriates – individuals and families - living in the USA.
Such individuals generally have additional concerns, complexities and considerations that arise as a result of their original
UK domicility – including but not limited to, UK based financial products such as pensions, ISAs, endowment policies, unit
trusts.
B. Types of Advisory Services
Portfolio Management Services
PFW offers ongoing portfolio management services based on the individual goals, objectives, time horizon, and risk
tolerance of each client. PFW creates an Investment Policy Statement for each client, which outlines the client’s current
situation and documents an agreed path forward. Portfolio management services include, but are not limited to, the
following:
Investment strategy
•
Personal investment policy
•
Asset allocation
•
Asset selection
•
Risk tolerance
•
Regular portfolio monitoring
•
PFW evaluates the current investments of each client with respect to their risk tolerance levels and time horizon. Risk
tolerance levels are documented in the Investment Policy Statement, which is given to each client.
PFW seeks to ensure that investment decisions are made in accordance with the fiduciary duties owed to its clients and
without consideration of PFW’s economic, investment or other financial interests. To meet its fiduciary obligations, PFW
attempts to avoid, among other things, investment or trading practices that systematically advantage or disadvantage
certain client portfolios, and accordingly, PFW’s policy is to seek fair and equitable allocation of investment
opportunities/transactions among its clients to avoid favoring one client over another over time. It is PFW’s policy to
allocate investment opportunities and transactions it identifies as being appropriate and prudent among its clients on a
fair and equitable basis over time. PFW does not engage in block trading.
PFW offers its services to Clients on both a discretionary and non-discretionary basis.
Financial Planning
PFW makes financial planning available to clients who meet the following criteria: (i) PFW is the client’s only investment
adviser; (ii) the combined value of the client’s account(s) under PFW management is $1,000,000 or greater, and (iii) PFW
manages all the client’s mission critical assets (i.e. those assets that are essential to the Client’s goals and overall
financial plan). These criteria can be waived at the adviser’s discretion. For these clients, our ongoing financial planning
services are available at no additional cost under our portfolio management fee.
Through our “Lifestyle Financial Planning” approach, we aim to bring clarity and understanding to all the relevant areas
of a client’s financial life (of course, what is relevant is constantly changing). Topics included as part of the financial
planning services may include, but are not necessarily limited to, the following:
Financial organization; Retirement planning; Education planning; Long-term care; Insurance planning; Debt management;
Investments; Tax planning; Estate planning; Life events.
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Lifestyle Financial Planning is a holistic approach to financial planning that focuses on helping clients to identify, achieve
and maintain their desired future lifestyle (which of course will entail covering some, if not all, of the aforementioned
topics).
We believe that many, if not all, of the “money concerns” and investment/product focuses and worries clients tend to
stem from a lack of confidence and understanding of their true financial picture now and going forward. –We aim to bring
clarity and confidence to this issue in the form of a concrete, regularly reviewed and updated financial plan that focuses
on the path to their desired way of life.
We will interview and consult with each client to determine the client’s personal financial situation and objectives and to
analyze the client’s financial documentation. As applicable, we then review the client’s assets and liabilities, investment
portfolio, retirement plan, education plan, risk management plan, risk tolerance, and estate plan, as well as other areas
relevant to the client’s financial health. We will then build a model for the client that covers some or all of the above. This
usually leads to a series of recommendations for action to improve the client’s plan to give them more chance of meeting
their objectives.
Our clients are based across the US and therefore we provide our services on a remote basis – via email, telephone, web
meetings etc. and are available to work with the client throughout the year to implement the plan. We do occasionally
travel to meet clients, but this is not part of the formal service proposition.
The client is ultimately responsible for communicating changes in circumstances to PFW so that we can provide the most
accurate advice and counsel possible. We are available year-round to assist with the implementation of the plan and to
answer any client questions, but the client is ultimately responsible for the implementation or rejection of our
recommendations. Clients are never obligated or required to implement our recommendations.
Services Limited to Specific Types of Investments
PFW generally limits its investment advice to mutual funds and ETFs. PFW may use other securities as well, to help diversify
a portfolio when applicable.
International Pension Schemes
Many of the clients in the market we serve (British expatriates living throughout the USA) have various legacy pensions in
the UK. One of the key services we provide is consultancy and administration support in understanding the options clients
have as US residents and the different implications of a transfer. Of the solutions available to them to transfer their UK
pensions, we support and provide advice on:
Qualifying Recognised Overseas Pension Scheme (QROPS)
A Qualifying Recognised Overseas Pension Scheme, or QROPS is an overseas pension scheme that meets certain
requirements set by Her Majesty's Revenue and Customs (HMRC). A QROPS must have a beneficial owner and trustees,
and it can receive transfers of British pension benefits. Due to a change in the tax treatment of QROPS in the UK, PFW
does not participate in the transfer of UK pensions into QROPS. However, PFW will continue to service existing QROPS
arrangements. Additional contributions cannot be added to existing QROPS.
Self-Invested Personal Pension (SIPP)
A Self-Invested Personal Pension (SIPP) is the name given to the type of UK government-approved personal pension
scheme, which allows individuals to make their own investment decisions from the full range of investments approved by
HMRC. If in the best interest of the client, PFW will recommend that clients transfer their UK pension assets to a SIPP.
PFW does not maintain custody of pension assets. All pension assets are administered by a regulated pension trustee
(authorized by the relevant financial services regulator where the pension plan is held) and subject to the terms and
conditions of a separate agreement between Client and the pension trustee. Current QROPS trustees are STM Malta Trust
and Company Management Limited (“STM”) and Trireme Pension Services (Malta) Limited (“Trireme”). Current SIPP
trustees are Pathlines Pensions UK Limited, iPensions Limited, Novia Global Ltd (“Novia SIPP”), MES Pensions (“MES SIPP”)
and Morningstar Retirement Solutions Ltd (“Morningstar SIPP”). QROPS and SIPP assets are held in custody by the Client’s
selected custodian and subject to the terms and conditions of a separate agreement between the Client’s trustee and the
custodian.
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Other QROPS and SIPP providers may be available through other investment advisers under different arrangements,
including but not limited to applicable fees and charges, and residency requirements.
Clients are strongly encouraged to review their agreements with their pension trustees and any and all other disclosure
materials provided by the pension trustees and the custodian for a full understanding of the services provided and any
associated costs therein. Pension plan statements and other reports are generally sent directly to Clients on at least an
annual basis. Clients are encouraged to review such material carefully for a complete understanding of the services offered
and the costs associated with the management of such pension plans. PFW encourages questions regarding services, fees,
and other associated issues be addressed with Firm personnel directly.
Tax and Accounting Matters
PFW does not provide any tax advice including, without limitation, in relation to any US tax reporting requirements and/or
other tax implications arising in relation to Clients’ pension transfers. Although from time to time we may inform Clients of
tax developments, we recommend that Clients seek their own tax advice, including in relation to procedures under tax
treaties between the United States and the UK (or other applicable jurisdiction) for the avoidance of double taxation on
their UK/EU pension arrangements.
PFW can introduce Clients to completely unaffiliated tax advisers who have experience in US/UK matters. Clients are under
absolutely no obligation to use a tax adviser that we introduce. PFW receives no financial remuneration from any tax
adviser we recommend to clients. PFW can work with Client’s chosen tax adviser, should that be preferred.
PFW has entered a partnership with MN Tax and Business Services (hereinafter “MN Tax”), a US-based cross-border tax
and accounting firm. This partnership allows us to offer a comprehensive, integrated range of tax and accounting services
tailored to the client’s needs. The partnership has been established to fulfill the commitment to our clients’ financial
needs, that include proper tax and accounting services and consultation. Clients and MN Tax will enter into a separate
agreement and payment for services will be outside of the services and fees paid to PFW. PFW may pay a portion of the
fees to MN Tax on behalf of certain clients. Clients are not required to engage MN Tax for these services and may find
similar services at a lower cost. PFW intends to partner with additional tax and legal firms in the same manner where PFW
pays a portion of the fees. This arrangement may be available via client’s current tax advisor; the client will need to confirm
with PFW.
Written Acknowledgement of Fiduciary Status
When we provide investment advice to you regarding your retirement plan account or individual retirement account, we
are fiduciaries within the meaning of Title 1 of the Employee Retirement Income Act (ERISA) and the Internal Revenue Code,
as applicable, which are laws governing retirement accounts. The way we make money creates some conflicts with your
interests, so we operate under a special rule that requires us to act in your best interest and not put our interest ahead of
yours. Under this special rule’s provisions, we must: (1) Meet a professional standard of care when making investment
recommendations (give prudent advice); (2) Never put our financial interests ahead of yours when making
recommendations (give loyal advice); (3) Avoid misleading statements about conflicts of interest, fees, and investments; (4)
Follow policies and procedures designed to ensure that we give advice that is in your best interest; (5) Charge no more than
a level fee that is reasonable for our services; and (6) Give you basic information about conflicts of interest.
C. Client Tailored Services and Client Imposed Restrictions
PFW offers the same investment strategies to all of its clients. However, specific client investment strategies and their
implementation are dependent upon the client Investment Policy Statement. Clients may not impose restrictions in
investing in certain securities or types of securities in accordance with their values or beliefs.
D. Wrap Fee Programs
A wrap fee program is an investment program where the investor pays one stated fee that includes management fees,
7
transaction costs, fund expenses, and other administrative fees. PFW participates in a wrap fee program for assets
custodied at Betterment, a third-party sub-adviser. Betterment for Advisors offers its investment sub-advisory services for
traditional securities portfolios through a wrap fee program that includes custody and trading services provided by its
affiliate, Betterment Securities.
Betterment for Advisors is a digital wealth management platform generally serving independent investment advisory
firms and advisors (such advisors, “you” or “Advisor”). Betterment LLC (“Betterment”), a registered investment advisor,
serves as sub-advisor to Advisor’s clients (“Clients”). MTG LLC, dba Betterment Securities (“Betterment Securities”), a
registered broker-dealer and member of FINRA and SIPC, serves as broker-dealer and custodian. See Appendix A to this
brochure for more information.
E. Assets Under Management
Discretionary Amounts:
$ 102,372,075
Non-discretionary Amounts:
$ 37,943,238
Date Calculated:
31 December 2025
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Item 5: Fees and Compensation
PFW’s fees vary depending upon the services you receive. PFW charges the following types of fees: Fixed fees and portfolio
management fees. Portfolio management fees are a percentage of the assets that you have directed us to manage. (See
Fee Schedule below.) Fixed fees are either financial planning fees, and or account setup fees, (See Fixed Fees below.)
Lower fees for comparable services may be available from other sources.
A. Fee Schedule
PFW charges upfront flat setup fees (“setup fees”) and portfolio management fees (“ongoing fees”) at the annual rates
shown below, which are expressed as a percentage of Client assets under management.
Morningstar1
QROPS on Novia,
RL360 & Utmost
US-Based
Betterment1,
Schwab1 &
TradePMR
Non-US Based
SIPPs on Novia
Global, MES &
Morningstar2
For Defined Contribution Pension and
SIPP Transfers:
£3,500 + £1,000 per additional pension
None
£2,000
Setup Fee2
(see section on
Account Setup
Fees on the
following pages)
For Defined Benefit Pension Transfers:
£8,500 + £1,000 per additional pension
Flat Per Annum
Flat Per Annum
Graded Per Annum
1.00% p.a.
0.75% p.a.
0.75% p.a.
1.00% p.a.
0.50% p.a.
0.25% p.a.
Ongoing Fee3
Fee Type
$0 to $2,500,000
$2,500,001 to
$5,000,000
$5,000,001 to
$10,000,000
$10,000,001 and
up
1These accounts utilize third-party managers and are subject to an additional wrap or sub-adviser fee ranging from 0.05% to 0.50%
depending on the program.
2Members of the same household may be eligible for reduced setup fees rather than individual pricing shown.
3The ongoing fee is negotiable at the sole discretion of the Adviser.
Billing Procedures
RL360 & Utmost
Morningstar
(GIAs, ISAs, SIPPs)
US-Based
Betterment,
Schwab &
TradePMR
Billed monthly in
arrears
Billed monthly in
arrears
Non-US Based
Novia Global,
MES &
Morningstar
Wealth
Billed monthly in
arrears
Billed quarterly in
arrears
Billing
Cycles
Fee
Payments
Directly debited
from the Account by
PFW
Directly debited
from the Account
by custodian
Directly debited
from the Account
by custodian
Directly debited from
the account by the
platform (quarterly)
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Fee
Calculation
Daily values of
account, totaled for
the billing period
Value of the
account as of the
last day of the
billing period
For Quarterly: Value
of the account as of
the last day of the
prior quarter.
For Betterment &
TradePMR,
average of daily
balance in account
throughout the
billing period. For
Schwab, month-
end balance.
“Legacy QROPS” are those that utilize a portfolio bond with the custodian (usually either RL360 or Utmost). PFW also
manages QROPS that utilize Novia Global as the investment platform (“Novia QROPS”), in which case the billing cycle is
monthly in arrears.
Assets under management are valued by third parties unaffiliated with PFW. PFW’s management fees are exclusive of,
and in addition to, platform fees, brokerage commissions, transaction fees, bank transfer fees, currency conversion (FX)
fees and other related costs and expenses that are incurred by Client.
PFW calculates its management fee against all assets in the investment account, unless specifically excluded. Therefore,
fee calculations include cash balances invested in money market funds, short-term investment funds, ETFs, mutual funds,
and all other investment holdings. The exact services and fees will be agreed upon and disclosed in the agreement for
services prior to services being provided.
Generally, the fee is non-negotiable, although PFW in its sole discretion may agree to charge a lesser management fee
based upon certain criteria (i.e., anticipated future earning capacity, anticipated future additional assets, dollar amount
of assets to be managed, related accounts, account composition, pre- existing client, account retention, pro bono
activities, etc.).
A “flat fee” is one where the entire asset value is charged the same percentage.
The final fee schedule is attached as Exhibit II of the Investment Advisory Agreement. Clients may terminate the agreement
without penalty for a full refund of PFW's fees within five business days of signing the Investment Advisory Agreement.
Thereafter, clients may terminate the Investment Advisory Agreement immediately upon written notice.
Wrap Account & Sub-Adviser Fees
Betterment accounts are subject to a wrap fee of 0.12%. Schwab accounts are subject to a sub-adviser fee ranging from
0.05% to 0.25% depending on the program selected. Morningstar accounts are subject to a sub-adviser fee of 0.45% or
0.50%. For all these account types, PFW charges a fee based upon assets under management as described here in Item 4,
in addition to the wrap or third-party sub adviser fee. See Appendix A to this brochure for more information on Betterment
wrap fees.
Fixed Fees
Account Setup Fees
PFW Charges an upfront flat fee (“Setup Fee”) to facilitate the opening and funding of specified non-US based accounts as
follows:
A. General Investment Account (GIA) or Individual Savings Account (ISA) on the Morningstar Wealth Platform. A
Setup Fee of £2,000 is charged to facilitate the opening and funding of the GIA or ISA.
B. SIPPs. A Setup Fee is charged to facilitate the opening of a SIPP account and/or the processing of the pension
transfers as follows:
For Defined Contribution (DC) Pension and SIPP Transfers: £3,500 + £1,000 per additional pension.
i.
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For Defined Benefit Pension (DB) Transfer: £8,500 + £1,000 per additional pension.
ii.
iii.
Please note: if both DB and DC pensions are being transferred, the applicable Setup Fee is the Defined
Benefit Transfer fee. For example, if PFW facilitated the transfer of one DB pension and one DC pension
into a SIPP, the fee would be £8,500 + £1,000 = £9,500.
The Setup Fee for SIPPs covers, among other things: PFW working with the UK pension company to obtain the UK pension
plan valuation, IARs’ meetings with Client to discuss potential pension transfer options, PFW working with the UK
regulated pension transfer specialist that performs the pension transfer analysis where necessary; and if in the best
interest of the Client, the PFW IAR assisting the Client in the final steps to transfer the pension.
Financial Planning Fees
For new clients, the initial upfront financial planning fee is typically $2,999, with a maximum of $10,000 based on the
complexity of the client’s situation. After that initial fee, ongoing financial planning is provided to current clients with
assets under management of at least $1,000,000 at no additional charge. The final fee schedule will be attached as Exhibit
I of the Financial Planning Agreement.
If a client subsequently transfers assets to PFW so that their assets under management are at least $500,000 within six
months of paying the financial planning fee, then the financial planning fee can offset any Account Setup Fees. For
example, if a client paid the $2,999 financial planning fee and three months later is subject to a SIPP Setup Fee of $11,050
(dollar equivalent of £8,500), then PFW will reduce the SIPP Setup Fee as follows $11,050 - $2,999 = $8,051.
B. Payment of Fees
Payment of Account Setup Fees
For all new non-US accounts subject to setup fees, the fee is withdrawn directly from the client’s account with the client’s
written authorization in a lump sum immediately after the account is funded.
Payment of Portfolio Management Fees
For all new accounts established by PFW, asset-based portfolio management fees are withdrawn directly from the client's
accounts with the client’s written authorization on a monthly or quarterly basis. For all new accounts PFW establishes,
fees are paid in arrears.
Payment of Wrap Account & Sub-Adviser Fees
PFW asset-based portfolio management fees, Wrap fees and third-party sub-adviser fees are withdrawn directly from
the client's accounts with the client’s written authorization on a monthly basis. For all new accounts PFW establishes,
fees are paid in arrears. See Appendix A to this brochure for more information.
Payment of Financial Planning Fees
Fixed Financial Planning fees are paid via the “AdvicePay” platform, an online billing and payment solution designed for
financial planners. The system is SEC compliant and designed so that PFW does not trigger custody of client assets. Clients
can pay via credit card and bank draft. Fees are paid in advance.
C. Third Party Fees
Clients are responsible for the payment of all third-party fees. The third parties include trustees, custodians/platforms and
investment companies. Those fees are separate and distinct from the fees and expenses charged by PFW. The trustee
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and custodian/platform fees that a client is subject to depend on the account type, the specific trustee (if applicable) and
custodian. Clients should refer to their specific agreement with their trustee and custodian/platform. Below is a list of the
categories of fees charged by each third party.
a. Trustee Fees include setup fees, annual trust fees, benefit fees (for benefic crystallization events,
income drawdown and lump sum payments) and transfer out fees. Please note that trustee fees only
apply to non-US accounts.
b. Custodian/Platform Fees include trading fees, stockbroker commissions, settlement fees, foreign
c.
exchange fees, wire transfer/payment fees, custody & administration fees (charged only by non-US
custodians) and tax report fees (charged only for Morningstar Wealth Platform accounts).
Investment Company Fees are the net operating expenses (i.e. the expense ratio) of mutual funds and
ETFs.
Please see Item 12 of this brochure regarding broker-dealer/custodian/trustee.
D. Prepayment of Fees
PFW collects its fees in arrears.
PFW may invoice its fees for financial planning in advance. Fixed fees that are collected in advance, but unearned at the
time termination becomes effective (if any), will be refunded based on the prorated amount of work completed at the
point of termination.
E. Outside Compensation for the Sale of Securities to Clients
Neither PFW nor its supervised persons accept any compensation for the sale of investment products, including asset-
based sales charges or service fees from the sale of mutual funds.
Item 6: Performance-Based Fees and Side-By-Side Management
PFW does not accept performance-based fees or other fees based on a share of capital gains on or capital
appreciation of the assets of a client.
Item 7: Types of Clients
PFW generally provides advisory services to the following types of clients:
British Expatriate Individuals
British Expatriate High-Net-Worth Individuals
❖
❖
There is an investment minimum of $250,000 across all accounts, which may be waived by PFW at its discretion.
Item 8: Methods of Analysis, Investment Strategies, & Risk of Loss
A. Methods of Analysis and Investment Strategies
Methods of Analysis
PFW ’s method of analysis includes modern portfolio theory.
Modern portfolio theory is a theory of investment that attempts to maximize portfolio expected return for a given amount
of portfolio risk, or equivalently minimize risk for a given level of expected return, each by carefully choosing the proportions
of various assets.
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Investment Strategies
PFW uses long term trading.
B. Material Risks Involved
Methods of Analysis
Modern portfolio theory assumes that investors are risk averse, meaning that given two portfolios that offer the same
expected return, investors will prefer the less risky one. Thus, an investor will take on increased risk only if compensated
by higher expected returns. Conversely, an investor who wants higher expected returns must accept more risk. The exact
trade-off will be the same for all investors, but different investors will evaluate the trade-off differently based on individual
risk aversion characteristics. The implication is that a rational investor will not invest in a portfolio if a second portfolio
exists with a more favorable risk-expected return profile – i.e., if for that level of risk an alternative portfolio exists which
has better expected returns.
Investment Strategies
Long-term trading is designed to capture market rates of both return and risk. Due to its nature, the long- term investment
strategy can expose clients to various types of risk that will typically surface at various intervals during the time the client
owns the investments. These risks include but are not limited to inflation (purchasing power) risk, interest rate risk,
economic risk, market risk, and political/regulatory risk.
Investing in securities involves a risk of loss that you, as a client, should be prepared to bear.
C. Risks of Specific Securities Utilized
Clients should be aware that there is a material risk of loss using any investment strategy. The investment types listed below
(leaving aside Treasury Inflation Protected/Inflation Linked Bonds) are not guaranteed or insured by the FDIC or any other
government agency.
Market Risk: The price of a security, bond or mutual fund may drop in reaction to tangible and intangible events and
conditions. This type of risk is caused by external factors independent of a security’s particular underlying circumstances.
For example, political, economic and social conditions may trigger market events.
Equity Risk: is the risk that stock markets will generate negative, rather than positive, total returns. Diversification does
not eliminate equity market risk or guarantee positive returns.
Inflation Risk: The risk is that the rate of inflation will exceed the rate of return on an investment.
Mutual Funds: Investing in mutual funds carries the risk of capital loss and thus you may lose money investing in
mutual funds. All mutual funds have costs that lower investment returns. The funds can be of bond “fixed income” nature
(lower risk) or stock “equity” nature.
Exchange Traded Funds (ETFs) Risk: An ETF is an investment fund traded on stock exchanges, similar to stocks. Investing
in ETFs carries the risk of capital loss (sometimes up to a 100% loss in the case of a stock holding bankruptcy). Areas of
concern include the lack of transparency in products and increasing complexity,
conflicts of interest and the possibility of inadequate regulatory compliance. Precious Metal ETFs (e.g., Gold, Silver, or
Palladium Bullion backed “electronic shares” not physical metal) specifically may be negatively impacted by several unique
factors, among them (1) large sales by the official sector which own a significant portion of aggregate world holdings in gold
and other precious metals, (2) a significant increase in hedging activities by producers of gold or other precious metals, (3)
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a significant change in the attitude of speculators and investors.
Currency Exchange (FX) Risk: Investing in foreign (non-U.S.) markets and/or foreign products involves risks not typically
associated with U.S. investments. These risks may include, among others, adverse fluctuations in foreign currency values,
as well as adverse political, social, and economic developments affecting one or more foreign countries. Investments in
foreign countries could be affected by factors such as restrictions on receiving the investment proceeds from a foreign
country, foreign tax laws or tax withholding requirements, unique trade clearance or settlement procedures, or potential
difficulties in enforcing contractual obligations or other legal rules that may jeopardize shareholder protection. Foreign
accounting practices may be less transparent than U.S. accounting practices, and foreign regulations may be inadequate or
irregular to protect investors.
Non-US Account Risks: The legal and administrative framework governing non-US retail general investment accounts (GIAs),
individual savings accounts (ISAs), SIPPs and QROPS, including but not limited to their tax treatment, is subject to change.
Accordingly, there can be no assurance that any currently favorable tax treatment applicable to your GIA, ISA, SIPP or
QROPS will continue. Your GIA, ISA, SIPP or QROPS and the investments contained therein involve third party fees and costs
in addition to our Fee (defined below). Excessive trading or withdrawals of investments in these accounts may result in
taxes, transaction fees, and other costs that erode some or all of the value of your account. The terms and conditions of
Client’s GIA, ISA, SIPP or QROPS are set out in the trustee and/or custodian agreements, which may describe additional
risks and limitations.
Business Risk: These risks are associated with a particular industry or a particular company within an industry. For
example, oil-drilling companies depend on finding oil and then refining it, a lengthy process, before they can generate a
profit. They generally carry a higher risk of profitability than an electric company, which may generate much of its income
from a steady stream of customers who buy electricity no matter what the economic environment is like.
Liquidity Risk: Liquidity is the ability to readily convert an investment into cash. Generally, assets are more liquid if many
traders are interested in a standardized product. For example, Treasury Bills are highly liquid, while real estate properties
are not.
Financial Risk: Excessive borrowing to finance a business’ operations increases the risk of profitability, because the
company must meet the terms of its obligations in good times and bad. During periods of financial stress, the inability to
meet loan obligations may result in bankruptcy and/or a declining market value.
Commodities ETFs: Commodities are basic materials like agricultural products (meat, grains); energy sources (coal, oil,
natural gas); and precious metals (copper, gold, nickel), which can be traded between producers and buyers. Futures
contracts, commonly used for trading commodities, create high risk for investors as prices can fluctuate significantly,
impacting potential profits or losses. Additional risks include but are not limited to concentration risk, call risk, regulatory
risk, liquidity risk, pricing inefficiencies and management costs.
Buffered ETFs: Our firm may offer Buffered ETFs to clients that have a certain risk tolerance and suitability. Buffered ETFs,
also known as defined-outcome ETFs, aim to limit downside losses while capping upside gains over a set period, typically
using options-based strategies. The risks of owning a buffered ETF include the opportunity cost of capped upside potential,
and open-ended losses if the market declines significantly beyond the buffer. They have increased complexity, and there
is timing risk because advertised returns are only achieved if the investor invests on a specific date and holds through a
specific date. Buffered ETFs also tend to have higher expenses than other ETFs due to the complexity of the underlying
holdings. There may be limited liquidity in the trading of buffered ETF shares, particularly for less-traded funds.
Interval Funds: Our firm may offer Interval Funds to clients that have a certain risk tolerance and suitability. Interval Funds
are a type of closed-end fund (Mutual Fund) with shares that do not trade on the secondary market. Instead, the fund
periodically offers to buy back a percentage of outstanding shares at new asset value. The rules for interval funds, along
with the types of assets they hold, make this investment largely illiquid compared to other funds. The fund repurchases
on a pro-rata basis, there is no guarantee you can redeem the number of shares you want during a given redemption.
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Interval funds tend to have higher expenses than other mutual funds.
Structured Notes: Our firm may offer structured notes to clients that have a certain risk tolerance and suitability. A
structured note is a debt instrument that combines a bond with a derivative component, resulting in a customized
investment with a specific risk-return profile. Investors in structured notes may lose some or all of their investment if the
underlying security or index decreases in value over the term of the note. They are also subject to the credit risk of the
issuer and can experience losses in the event of a default of the issuer regardless of the performance of the underlying
security.
Bitcoin Exchange Traded Funds (BTC ETFs): Investing in a BTC ETF offers investors indirect exposure to digital assets
through bitcoin futures or spot prices. A BTC ETF may invest primarily in assets related to the original cryptocurrency,
bitcoin. BTC ETFs sell shares to investors on the open market and use the proceeds to build a portfolio of assets, and trade
directly on the stock exchange. Risks include but are not limited to; the cost to own these ETFs may be more than owning
the actual bitcoin (but may eliminates the risk of investors being hacked or losing passwords or private keys needed to
access their investment when it is stored in a secure bitcoin wallet), the risk of the individual ETF fund company failure,
(which would require liquidation of the fund and the costs associated with the failure of the company), lack of underlying
assets being blocked by regulatory authorities, reinvestment risk, high transaction costs, limited historical data as these
offering have only been in existence and available for investors since January 2024. Additionally, the BTC ETF may have
no earnings, dividends, or interest payments generated by underlying holding of bitcoin, operational and management
costs may decrease the value of the ETF as a whole, expense ratios should be considered and understood as presented in
the ETF Prospectus. See Crypto Assets risks below.
Crypto Assets: In general, investing in Crypto Assets, or in instruments the value of which are derived from or based on
Crypto Assets, is highly speculative and subject to numerous risks. A cryptocurrency, like bitcoin, is a peer-to-peer,
decentralized, crypto currency the implementation of which relies on the principles of cryptography to validate the
transactions and generation of the currency itself. A network (or utility) token relies on a network protocol with similar
principles to a cryptocurrency but also purports to serve functions other than the storage of value. The creation and use
of Crypto Assets is not currently subject to a fully developed set of legal or regulatory requirements, and trading in Crypto
Assets is subject to high levels of volatility and the potential for market abuse. Crypto Assets are susceptible to all of the
risks inherent in holding any electronic data, such as power failure, data corruption, security breach, communication
failure, and user error, among others. Accordingly, Crypto Assets are subject to theft, destruction, or loss of value from
hackers, corruption, or technology-specific factors such as viruses that do not affect traditional currency, which is
underwritten by central banks and monetary authorities.
Private Equity: Private Equity is an investment class where private businesses raise capital to acquire and manage private
companies, with the goal of selling them for a profit. These investments carry certain risks and higher expenses. A lack of
liquidity and early capital calls on short notice, and the failure to meet capital calls can result in significant adverse
consequences, including but not limited to a total loss of investment. Private equity is also subject to illiquidity. Typically,
these investments are only suitable for accredited investors.
Private Credit: These investments are made up of loans made to private businesses and individuals who may have trouble
accessing credit from banks or the public market. Risks include that the borrower will be unable to repay the loan, and
these funds may be tied up for long periods of time and thus illiquid. Typically, these investments are only suitable for
accredited investors.
Past performance is not indicative of future results. Investing in securities involves a risk of loss that you, as a client,
should be prepared to bear.
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Item 9: Disciplinary Information
A. Criminal or Civil Actions
There are no criminal or civil actions to report.
B. Administrative Proceedings
There are no administrative proceedings to report.
C. Self-regulatory Organization (SRO) Proceedings
There are no self-regulatory organization proceedings to report.
Item 10: Other Financial Industry Activities and Affiliations
A. Registration as a Broker/Dealer or Broker/Dealer Representative
Neither PFW nor its representatives are registered as, or have pending applications to become, a broker/dealer or a
representative of a broker/dealer.
B. Registration as a Futures Commission Merchant, Commodity Pool Operator,
or a Commodity Trading Advisor
Neither PFW nor its representatives are registered as or have pending applications to become either a Futures Commission
Merchant, Commodity Pool Operator, or Commodity Trading Advisor or an associated person of the foregoing entities.
C. Registration Relationships Material to this Advisory Business and Possible
Conflicts of Interests
When PFW acts as an investment adviser, we have to act in the Client’s best interest and not put our interests ahead of
the Client. At the same time, the way we make money creates some conflicts with our Client’s interests. Because PFW
charges fees that can include financial planning fees, account setup fees, and portfolio management fees, this creates a
conflict of interest. When we recommend our advisory services to you this will result in our firm being paid these fees.
If applicable to the Client’s needs and in the best interest of the client, PFW will introduce Clients to Halo Financial Ltd
(“Halo”) when they need a currency broker to facilitate a transaction. Clients are not required to work with Halo. PFW
has elected to receive no compensation (commission, revenue sharing, etc.) from Halo. As a result, if PFW introduces a
client to Halo who subsequently uses their services, Halo will apply a preferential rate to the client that will result in a
better exchange rate for the client. PFW will only transmit a Client’s personal information to Halo with the Client’s
explicit written consent. In addition, PFW may at times participate in joint marketing to Halo’s clients.
As of April 2015, the UK requires that anyone wishing to transfer a UK Pension with Safeguarded Benefits in excess of
£30,000 are subject to a pension transfer analysis by a Financial Conduct Authority (FCA) regulated pension transfer
specialist (“UK adviser”).
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PFW refers Clients and potential clients to UK advisers in the UK who have the necessary permissions, qualifications, and
experience to provide this service. Having undertaken the initial data gathering with a client, if the client wishes to
investigate their options further and receive formal UK advice on whether or not to transfer out of their UK pension, then
we will introduce them to one of the UK advisers who will provide the specific transfer analysis and advice. PFW does not
receive any fees from the UK advisers for this referral.
The UK advisers have similar but different charging structures. All charges will be fully explained to Clients in advance of
any transaction and are subject to a separate agreement with the between the UK Adviser and Client.
D. Selection of Other Advisers or Managers and How This Adviser is Compensated
for Those Selections
PFW utilizes third-party investment advisers (also known as sub-advisers). PFW has agreements in place with LGT Vestra
US Limited, Dunhill Financial and ALPS Advisors, Inc., all registered investment advisers with the Securities and Exchange
Commission. LGT Vestra US Limited, Dunhill Financial and ALPS Advisors, Inc. provide access to advisory programs for use
by clients of PFW. Additionally, PFW has an agreement in place with Betterment Advisor Solutions, a third-party sub-
adviser that offers a Wrap Fee Account. A separate disclosure will be provided when these advisory programs are being
used. Participation with a sub-advisor may result in additional fees, which will be disclosed within the client agreement.
Our clients are under no obligation to engage with a sub-adviser for services. PFW will always act in the best interests of
the client, including when determining which sub-adviser to recommend to clients.
Item 11: Code of Ethics, Material Interests, Trading with Clients
A. Code of Ethics
PFW has a written Code of Ethics that covers the following areas: Prohibited Purchases and Sales, Insider Trading
Personal Securities Transactions, Exempted Transactions, Prohibited Activities, Conflicts of Interest, Gifts and
Entertainment, Confidentiality, Service on a Board of Directors, Compliance Procedures, Compliance with Laws and
Regulations, Procedures and Reporting, Certification of Compliance, Reporting Violations, Compliance Officer Duties,
Training and Education, Recordkeeping, Annual Review, and Sanctions. PFW 's Code of Ethics is available free upon request
to any client or prospective client.
B. Recommendations Involving Material Financial Interests
PFW does not recommend that clients buy or sell any security in which a related person to PFW or PFW has a material
financial interest.
As part of our relationship with Betterment and Betterment Securities, Betterment may offer PFW services intended to
help us manage and further develop our business enterprise, such as additional advisory services, access to webinars, and
advice about using the Betterment for Advisors platform to grow our business. Betterment may offer different or
expanded services in the future. These services could create an incentive for PFW to recommend that our Clients invest
through the Betterment for Advisors platform. This is a potential conflict given that our interest in recommending
Betterment could be influenced by our receipt of Betterment’s and/or Betterment Securities’ services to your business.
Additionally, Betterment may offer discounted pricing to our Clients based on the total combined assets of all of our firm’s
Clients on the Betterment for Advisors platform. Other potential conflicts may exist regarding your use of the Betterment
for Advisors platform. See Appendix A to this brochure for more information.
C. Investing Personal Money in the Same Securities as Clients
From time to time, representatives of PFW may buy or sell securities for themselves that they also recommend to clients.
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This may provide an opportunity for representatives of PFW to buy or sell the same securities before or after recommending
the same securities to clients, resulting in representatives profiting off the recommendations they provide to clients. Such
transactions may create a conflict of interest. PFW will always document any transactions that could be construed as
conflicts of interest and will never engage in trading that operates to the client’s disadvantage when similar securities are
being bought or sold.
Item 12: Brokerage Practices
A. Factors Used to Select Custodians and/or Broker/Dealers
Custodians/broker-dealers will be recommended based on PFW ’s duty to seek “best execution,” which is the obligation
to seek execution of securities transactions for a client on the most favorable terms for the client under the circumstances.
Clients will not necessarily pay the lowest commission or commission equivalent, and PFW will also consider the market
expertise and research access provided by the broker- dealer/custodian, including but not limited to access to written
research, oral communication with analysts, admittance to research conferences and other resources provided by the
brokers that may aid in PFW 's research efforts. PFW will never charge a premium or commission on transactions beyond
the actual cost imposed by the broker-dealer/custodian.
PFW requires the following broker-dealers/custodians:
• Charles Schwab & Co., Inc. is recommended for brokerage and custodian services for US accounts.
• Trade-PMR Inc., is recommended for US accounts. Trade-PMR Inc. acts in the capacity of an introducing broker-
dealer to First Clearing Corporation who is the custodian.
• Novia Global Ltd., FCA Register Number 653661 for SIPP and QROPS accounts. Novia Global Ltd. acts in the
capacity of an introducing broker-dealer to Pershing (Channel Islands), a subsidiary of The Bank of New York
Mellon Corporation (BNY Mellon).
• MES Financial Services Ltd., FCA Register Number 805568 for SIPP accounts. MES provides the platform,
scheme administrator and trustee (MES Pension Trustees) and have appointed Third Platform Services Ltd to
provide clearing, settlement, custody and investment dealing.
• Morningstar Wealth Administration Ltd., Jersey Financial Services Commission Registry Number 107624 for
GIAs and ISAs.
• Utmost Wealth Solutions Ltd and RL360 Insurance Company Ltd are custodians used for clients who were taken
on with existing assets at these custodians, and no new business is directed to these custodians.
• Betterment Securities, Member FINRA SIPC, is a custodian used for clients that open a Wrap Fee Account. In
addition to being a custodian, Betterment for Advisors also acts as a third-party sub advisor to our client.
Betterment Brokerage Services
With respect to the Betterment wrap program, Betterment Securities is responsible for execution of securities
transactions and maintains custody of customer assets. Betterment Securities exercises no discretion in determining if
and when trades are placed; it places trades only at the direction of Betterment. Clients should understand that the
appointment of Betterment Securities as the broker for their accounts held at Betterment may result in their receiving
less favorable trade executions than may be available through the use of broker-dealers that are not affiliated with
Betterment. If Advisor’s Clients do not wish to place assets with or execute trades through Betterment Securities, then
Betterment cannot manage Advisor’s Client accounts on the Betterment for Advisors platform. See Appendix A to this
brochure for more information.
Research and Other Soft-Dollar Benefits
While PFW has no formal soft-dollar programs in which soft dollars are used to pay for third party services, PFW may
receive research, products, or other services from custodians and broker-dealers in connection with client securities
transactions (“soft dollar benefits”). PFW may enter into soft-dollar arrangements consistent with (and not outside of) the
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safe harbor contained in Section 28(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. There can be no assurance
that any particular client will benefit from soft dollar research, whether or not the client’s transactions paid for it, and
PFW does not seek to allocate benefits to client accounts proportionate to any soft dollar credits generated by the
accounts. PFW benefits by not having to produce or pay for the research, products or services, and PFW will have an
incentive to recommend a broker-dealer based on receiving research or services. Clients should be aware that PFW’s
acceptance of soft dollar benefits may result in higher commissions charged to the client.
Brokerage for Client Referrals
PFW receives no referrals from a broker-dealer or third party in exchange for using that broker-dealer or third party.
Clients Directing Which Broker/Dealer/Custodian to Use
PFW does not permit clients to direct it to execute transactions through a specified broker-dealer. Not all advisers require
their clients to use specific broker-dealers.
B. Aggregating (Block) Trading for Multiple Client Accounts
PFW does not aggregate or bunch the securities to be purchased or sold for multiple clients. This may result in less
favorable prices, particularly for illiquid securities or during volatile market conditions. PFW does not engage in block
trading.
Item 13: Review of Accounts
A. Frequency and Nature of Periodic Reviews and Who Makes Those Reviews
All client accounts for PFW's advisory services provided on an ongoing basis are reviewed at least annually by their
appointed investment advisor representative with regard to clients’ respective investment policies and risk tolerance
levels.
B. Factors That Will Trigger a Non-Periodic Review of Client Accounts
Reviews will be triggered by material market, economic or political events, or by changes in clients’ financial situations
(such as retirement, termination of employment, physical move, or inheritance).
Item 14: Client Referrals and Other Compensation
A. Economic Benefits Provided by Third Parties for Advice Rendered to Clients
(Includes Sales Awards or Other Prizes)
PFW does not receive any economic benefits from third parties for advice rendered to clients.
B. Compensation to Non – Advisory Personnel for Client Referrals
PFW does not directly or indirectly compensate any person who is not advisory personnel for client referrals.
PFW acts as a solicitor for client referrals. We have entered into agreements with other Registered Investment Advisers
to provide client referrals to these Advisers and are paid a fee based on a percentage of the fee collected by the Adviser
from the referred client. The fee paid to PFW does not affect the overall fee paid by an investor that engages the Adviser.
Item 15: Custody
When PFW directly instructs the custodian to deduct its advisory fees from client accounts, PFW will be deemed to have
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custody of client’s assets. In such cases, PFW will possess written authorization from the client to deduct advisory fees
from the client’s account which will be maintained by a qualified custodian. In addition, when PFW directly instructs the
custodian to deduct its fee from client accounts, the client will receive monthly or quarterly statements from the
custodian and should carefully review those statements.
In the case of Legacy QROPS (QROPS that utilize a portfolio bond as a custodian – usually RL360 or Utmost), PFW does not
directly instruct the custodian to deduct its advisory fees from client accounts. Portfolio bond custodians do not send out
monthly or quarterly statements, but clients do have 24/7 real time online access to their accounts including all transactions
in their account.
Betterment Securities maintains custody of PFW’s Clients’ traditional securities and cash assets that are managed by
Betterment. Account statements are available for review on the activity section of the Advisor Dashboard and for Clients
in their Betterment accounts. Clients receive periodic emails from Betterment with information about their accounts as
well as links to account statements. PFW encourages Clients to carefully and promptly review these statements. PFW’s
Clients with IRAs at Betterment also agree to specific custodial agreements with Millennium Trust Company, who serves
as the custodian for Betterment IRA accounts. See Appendix A to this brochure for more information.
Item 16: Investment Discretion
On a majority of accounts under management, PFW is given the authority to exercise discretion on behalf of clients. The
firm is considered to exercise investment discretion over a client's account if it can affect transactions for the client without
first having to seek the client's consent. Clients of the firm may also choose to limit the authority (e.g.; certain securities
not to be bought or sold.) The discretion with a client account is determined by the contract that the client enters with
the firm. PFW generally takes discretion over the following activities: the securities to be purchased or sold, the amount
of securities to be purchased or sold, and when the transactions are made.
For Clients’ accounts for whom PFW utilizes Dunhill Financial, LGT Vestra US Limited or Dunhill Financial as a sub-adviser,
the sub-adviser can buy and sell investments on Client’s behalf when they determine it is appropriate to do so.
Clients who participate in the Betterment for Advisors wrap free program have discretionary accounts, meaning that
Advisor and Betterment can buy and sell investments on Client’s behalf when they determine it is appropriate to do so.
Betterment uses algorithms to advise Clients and manage their accounts. These algorithms are developed, overseen, and
monitored by Betterment’s investment advisory personnel. To use Betterment’s investment services, Clients and/or PFW
inform Betterment of a Client’s financial goals and personal information through Betterment’s online applications.
Betterment provides Advisors and Clients with information about its offered portfolio strategies to inform their decision-
making but does not make recommendations to Clients that they invest in any particular strategy. Each portfolio is
associated with a target allocation of investment types and/or asset classes but PFW or Clients can modify Betterment’s
initial target allocation as desired. If PFW places a Client in a Custom Portfolio, Betterment will allocate the Client’s
accounts in accordance with PFW’s parameters specified in the Custom Portfolio rather than based on Betterment’s own
investment methodology. See Appendix A to this brochure for more information.
Item 17: Voting Client Securities (Proxy Voting)
PFW will not ask for, nor accept voting authority for client securities. Clients will receive proxies directly from the issuer
of the security or the custodian. Clients should direct all proxy questions to the issuer of security.
Item 18: Financial Information
A. Balance Sheet
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PFW neither requires nor solicits prepayment of more than $1,200 in fees per client, six months or more in advance, and
therefore is not required to include a balance sheet with this brochure.
B. Financial Conditions Reasonably Likely to Impair Ability to Meet Contractual
Commitments to Clients
Neither PFW nor its management has any financial condition that is likely to reasonably impair PFW’s ability to meet
contractual commitments to clients.
C. Bankruptcy Petitions in Previous Ten Years
PFW has not been the subject of a bankruptcy petition in the last ten years.
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