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Riley S. Crosbie Advisory, LLC
DBA Crosbie Financial
Firm Brochure - Form ADV Part 2A
This brochure provides information about the qualifications and business practices of Riley S. Crosbie Advisory,
LLC DBA Crosbie Financial. If you have any questions about the contents of this brochure, please contact us at
(435)752-5558 or by email at: riley@crosbiefinancial.com. The information in this brochure has not been approved
or verified by the United States Securities and Exchange Commission or by any state securities authority.
Additional information about Riley S. Crosbie Advisory, LLC DBA Crosbie Financial is also available on the
SEC’s website at www.adviserinfo.sec.gov. Riley S. Crosbie Advisory, LLC DBA Crosbie Financial’s CRD
number is: 336507.
76 E 200 N Suite 110
Logan, UT 84321
(435) 752-5558
riley@crosbiefinancial.com
Registration as an investment adviser does not imply a certain level of skill or training.
Version Date: 04/14/2026
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Item 2: Material Changes
Riley S. Crosbie Advisory, LLC DBA Crosbie Financial has the following material changes to report.
Material changes relate to Riley S. Crosbie Advisory, LLC DBA Crosbie Financial’s policies, practices or
conflicts of interest.
• Riley S. Crosbie Advisory, LLC DBA Crosbie Financial has updated its assets under
management. (Item 4.E)
• Riley S. Crosbie Advisory, LLC DBA Crosbie Financial is transitioning to registration with the
United States Securities and Exchange Commission from its prior registration at the state level.
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Item 3: Table of Contents
Item 1: Cover Page
Item 2: Material Changes ....................................................................................................................................... ii
Item 3: Table of Contents ...................................................................................................................................... iii
Item 4: Advisory Business ......................................................................................................................................2
Item 5: Fees and Compensation .............................................................................................................................5
Item 6: Performance-Based Fees and Side-By-Side Management ....................................................................7
Item 7: Types of Clients ..........................................................................................................................................7
Item 8: Methods of Analysis, Investment Strategies, & Risk of Loss ...............................................................8
Item 9: Disciplinary Information .........................................................................................................................11
Item 10: Other Financial Industry Activities and Affiliations .........................................................................12
Item 11: Code of Ethics, Participation or Interest in Client Transactions and Personal Trading ...............13
Item 12: Brokerage Practices ................................................................................................................................14
Item 13: Review of Accounts ................................................................................................................................16
Item 14: Client Referrals and Other Compensation ..........................................................................................16
Item 15: Custody ....................................................................................................................................................18
Item 16: Investment Discretion ............................................................................................................................18
Item 17: Voting Client Securities (Proxy Voting) ..............................................................................................19
Item 18: Financial Information .............................................................................................................................19
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Item 4: Advisory Business
A. Description of the Advisory Firm
Riley S. Crosbie Advisory, LLC DBA Crosbie Financial (hereinafter “RSCAL”) is a Limited
Liability Company organized in the State of Utah. The firm was formed in December 2022
and became registered as an investment adviser in June 2025. The principal owner is Riley
S. Crosbie.
B. Types of Advisory Services
Portfolio Management Services and Financial Planning
RSCAL offers ongoing portfolio management and financial planning services based on
the individual goals, objectives, time horizon, and risk tolerance of each client. RSCAL
creates an Investment Policy Statement for each client, which outlines the client’s current
situation (income, tax levels, and risk tolerance levels) and then constructs a plan to aid in
the selection of a portfolio that matches each client's specific situation. Portfolio
management services include, but are not limited to, the following:
•
•
•
Investment strategy •
•
Asset allocation
•
Risk tolerance
Personal investment policy
Asset selection
Regular portfolio monitoring
RSCAL evaluates the current investments of each client with respect to their risk tolerance
levels and time horizon. RSCAL will request discretionary authority from clients in order
to select securities and execute transactions without permission from the client prior to
each transaction; however, it will also provide non-discretionary portfolio management
at the client’s election. Risk tolerance levels are documented in the Investment Policy
Statement, which is given to each client.
RSCAL seeks to provide that investment decisions are made in accordance with the
fiduciary duties owed to its accounts and without consideration of RSCAL’s economic,
investment or other financial interests. To meet its fiduciary obligations, RSCAL attempts
to avoid, among other things, investment or trading practices that systematically
advantage or disadvantage certain client portfolios, and accordingly, RSCAL’s policy is
to seek fair and equitable allocation of investment opportunities/transactions among its
clients to avoid favoring one client over another over time. It is RSCAL’s policy to allocate
investment opportunities and transactions it identifies as being appropriate and prudent
among its clients on a fair and equitable basis over time.
Financial planning services are included with portfolio management services at no
additional cost. Financial plans and financial planning may include, but are not limited
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to: life insurance; tax concerns; retirement planning; education planning; and debt/credit
planning. Tax concerns are addressed by working with the client to determine and
compare effective tax rates for income, capital gains and other earnings or investments,
then attempting to allocate the client’s resources accordingly. Life insurance planning
entails reviewing the life insurance and/or disability insurance needs of the client,
together with any applicable dependents, spouse or other relatives, and assessing
appropriate coverage for these individuals. College planning entails helping clients save
for higher education, whether for the client or his/her children or other dependents, in
the ideal manner to suit the client’s overall financial goals and means. Financial planning
to address retirement entails making sure clients are financially equipped for retirement
in light of the client’s anticipated income and expenses, investments, and other assets.
Debt/credit planning consists of breaking down client budgets and aiding clients in
decision-making as to current debt, anticipated significant expenses and potential debt,
and avoiding excessive debt.
CacheTech offers investment management and trading support through CacheTech
Advisor Solutions. CacheTech and its team of highly experienced investment managers
will support RSCAL through portfolio management and risk assessment. At the direction
of RSCAL, CacheTech will also assist in placing trades and rebalancing client accounts.
Services Limited to Specific Types of Investments
treasury
RSCAL generally limits its investment advice to mutual funds, fixed income securities,
insurance products
inflation
including annuities, equities, ETFs and
protected/inflation linked bonds.
Written Acknowledgement of Fiduciary Status
When we provide investment advice to you regarding your retirement plan account or
individual retirement account, we are fiduciaries within the meaning of Title I of the
Employee Retirement Income Security Act and/or the Internal Revenue Code, as
applicable, which are laws governing retirement accounts. The way we make money
creates some conflicts with your interests, so we operate under a special rule that
requires us to act in your best interest and not put our interest ahead of yours. Under
this special rule’s provisions, we must:
• Meet a professional standard of care when making investment recommendations
(give prudent advice);
• Never put our financial interests ahead of yours when making recommendations
(give loyal advice);
• Avoid misleading statements about conflicts of interest, fees, and investments;
• Follow policies and procedures designed to ensure that we give advice that is in
your best interest;
• Charge no more than is reasonable for our services; and
• Give you basic information about conflicts of interest.
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C. Client Tailored Services and Client Imposed Restrictions
RSCAL will tailor a program for each individual client. This will include an
interview session to get to know the client’s specific needs and requirements as well
as a plan that will be executed by RSCAL on behalf of the client. RSCAL will use
their own model allocations together with a specific set of recommendations for
each client based on their personal restrictions, needs, and targets. RSCAL provides
each client with individualized investment management tailored to their unique
financial goals, risk tolerance, and personal circumstances. RSCAL works closely
with clients to establish investment objectives at the outset of the relationship and
regularly review those objectives to ensure alignment with their evolving needs.
Each client’s portfolio is managed separately and we customize asset allocations,
and strategy implementation. RSCAL maintains ongoing communication with
clients, at least annually, and often more frequently, to confirm investment
objectives, discuss portfolio performance, and make adjustments as needed to
reflect any changes in their financial situation or preferences. Clients may impose
restrictions in investing in certain securities or types of securities in accordance with
their values or beliefs. However, if the restrictions prevent RSCAL from properly
servicing the client account, or if the restrictions would require RSCAL to deviate
from its standard suite of services, RSCAL reserves the right to end the relationship.
D. Wrap Fee Programs
A wrap fee program is an investment program where the investor pays one stated fee that
includes management fees and transaction costs. RSCAL does not participate in wrap fee
programs.
E. Assets Under Management
RSCAL has the following assets under management:
Discretionary Amounts: Non-discretionary Amounts: Date Calculated:
$ 118,881,531
$0
April 2026
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Item 5: Fees and Compensation
A. Fee Schedule
Portfolio Management Fees
Total Assets Under Management Annual Fees Quarterly Fee
0.375%
$0 - $2,000,000
1.50%
0.3325%
$2,000,001 - $3,000,000
1.33%
0.30%
$3,000,001 - $5,000,000
1.20%
0.25%
$5,000,001 - $7,000,000
1.00%
0.2125%
$7,000,001 - $10,000,000
0.85%
0.15%
$10,000,001 - AND UP
0.60%
RSCAL uses an average of the daily balance in the client's account throughout the billing
period, after taking into account deposits and withdrawals, for purposes of determining
the market value of the assets upon which the advisory fee is based.
Fee formula description: For purposes of calculating the client’s portfolio
management fees described above, an example is offered below for a sample
$2,500,000 account:
• For that portion of the client’s account(s) up to $2,000,000 the adviser will
charge an annual fee of 1.50% as described above, resulting in an annual fee
of $30,000 on the first $2,000,000; plus
• For that portion of the client’s account(s) exceeding $2,000,000 but not
exceeding $2,500,000, the adviser will charge an annual fee of 1.33% as
described above, resulting in an annual fee of $6,650 on the portion between
$2,000,000 and $2,500,000.
This would result in a total annual fee of $36,650 on the sample $2,500,000
account
The use of the blended fee schedule represents a conflict of interest for RSCAL in that the
blended fee schedule results in higher fees for RSCAL than are collected by advisers who
use a breakpoint schedule for the same or similar services. Fees that are charged through
a blended fee schedule result in additional revenue for the adviser as the value of the
account increases. Although new money or increases in the accounts values may be
managed at lower rates, the total values of assets in the earlier tiers continue to be
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managed at their initial higher rates. Higher asset under management fees may have an
adverse effect on client returns and client portfolios over time.
These fees are generally negotiable and the final fee schedule will be memorialized in the
client’s advisory agreement. Fees charged are negotiable based upon the type of client, the
complexity of the client's situation, and the relationship of the client with the investment
advisor representative. Clients may terminate the agreement without penalty for a full
refund of RSCAL's fees within five business days of signing the Investment Advisory
Contract. Thereafter, clients may terminate the Investment Advisory Contract
immediately upon written notice.
B. Payment of Fees
Payment of Portfolio Management Fees
Asset-based portfolio management fees are withdrawn directly from the client's accounts
with client's written authorization on a quarterly basis. Fees are paid in arrears.
C. Client Responsibility For Third Party Fees
Clients are responsible for the payment of all third party fees (i.e. custodian fees,
brokerage fees, mutual fund fees, transaction fees, etc.). Those fees are separate and
distinct from the fees and expenses charged by RSCAL. Please see Item 12 of this brochure
regarding broker-dealer/custodian. Clients are also responsible for any expenses or
commission related to insurance products as disclosed below in Item 5E.
D. Prepayment of Fees
RSCAL collects its fees in arrears. It does not collect fees in advance.
E. Outside Compensation For the Sale of Securities to Clients
Riley S. Crosbie is an insurance agent and in this role, accepts compensation for the sale
of insurance products to RSCAL clients.
1. This is a Conflict of Interest
Supervised persons may accept compensation for the sale of insurance products. This
presents a conflict of interest and gives the supervised person an incentive to
recommend products based on the compensation received rather than on the client’s
needs. When recommending the sale of insurance products for which the supervised
persons receives compensation, RSCAL will document the conflict of interest in the
client file and inform the client of the conflict of interest.
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2. Clients Have the Option to Purchase Recommended Products From
Other Brokers
Clients always have the option to purchase RSCAL recommended products through
other brokers or agents that are not affiliated with RSCAL.
3. Commissions are not RSCAL's primary source of compensation for
advisory services
Commissions are not RSCAL’s primary source of compensation for advisory services.
4. Advisory Fees in Addition to Commissions or Markups
Advisory fees that are charged to clients are not reduced to offset the commissions or
markups on insurance products recommended to clients.
Item 6: Performance-Based Fees and Side-By-Side Management
RSCAL does not accept performance-based fees or other fees based on a share of capital gains on
or capital appreciation of the assets of a client.
Item 7: Types of Clients
RSCAL generally provides advisory services to the following types of clients:
❖
❖
Individuals
High-Net-Worth Individuals
There is no account minimum for any of RSCAL’s services.
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Item 8: Methods of Analysis, Investment Strategies, & Risk of
Loss
A. Methods of Analysis and Investment Strategies
Methods of Analysis
RSCAL’s methods of analysis include Cyclical analysis, Fundamental analysis, Modern
portfolio theory and Quantitative analysis.
Cyclical analysis involves the analysis of business cycles to find favorable conditions for
buying and/or selling a security.
Fundamental analysis involves the analysis of financial statements, the general financial
health of companies, and/or the analysis of management or competitive advantages.
Modern portfolio theory is a theory of investment that attempts to maximize portfolio
expected return for a given amount of portfolio risk, or equivalently minimize risk for a
given level of expected return, each by carefully choosing the proportions of various asset.
Quantitative analysis deals with measurable factors as distinguished from qualitative
considerations such as the character of management or the state of employee morale, such
as the value of assets, the cost of capital, historical projections of sales, and so on.
Investment Strategies
RSCAL uses long term trading.
Investing in securities involves a risk of loss that you, as a client, should be prepared
to bear.
B. Material Risks Involved
Methods of Analysis
Cyclical analysis assumes that the markets react in cyclical patterns which, once
identified, can be leveraged to provide performance. The risks with this strategy are two-
fold: 1) the markets do not always repeat cyclical patterns; and 2) if too many investors
begin to implement this strategy, then it changes the very cycles these investors are trying
to exploit.
Fundamental analysis concentrates on factors that determine a company’s value and
expected future earnings. This strategy would normally encourage equity purchases in
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stocks that are undervalued or priced below their perceived value. The risk assumed is
that the market will fail to reach expectations of perceived value.
Modern portfolio theory assumes that investors are risk averse, meaning that given two
portfolios that offer the same expected return, investors will prefer the less risky one.
Thus, an investor will take on increased risk only if compensated by higher expected
returns. Conversely, an investor who wants higher expected returns must accept more
risk. The exact trade-off will be the same for all investors, but different investors will
evaluate the trade-off differently based on individual risk aversion characteristics. The
implication is that a rational investor will not invest in a portfolio if a second portfolio
exists with a more favorable risk-expected return profile – i.e., if for that level of risk an
alternative portfolio exists which has better expected returns.
Quantitative analysis Investment strategies using quantitative models may perform
differently than expected as a result of, among other things, the factors used in the models,
the weight placed on each factor, changes from the factors’ historical trends, and technical
issues in the construction and implementation of the models.
Investment Strategies
Long term trading is designed to capture market rates of both return and risk. Due to its
nature, the long-term investment strategy can expose clients to various types of risk that
will typically surface at various intervals during the time the client owns the investments.
These risks include but are not limited to inflation (purchasing power) risk, interest rate
risk, economic risk, market risk, and political/regulatory risk.
Model allocations risks include the possibility that the model allocations will
underperform the market and the possibility that the model will not be able take
advantage of opportunities that a non-model portfolio management approach might
capture. Model allocations entail inflation (purchasing power) risk, interest rate risk,
economic risk, market risk, political/regulatory risk, and asset allocation risk – meaning
that any given asset allocation strategy does not guarantee any specific result or profit nor
protect against a loss.
Investing in securities involves a risk of loss that you, as a client, should be prepared
to bear.
C. Risks of Specific Securities Utilized
Clients should be aware that there is a material risk of loss using any investment strategy.
The investment types listed below (leaving aside Treasury Inflation Protected/Inflation
Linked Bonds) are not guaranteed or insured by the FDIC or any other government
agency.
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Mutual Funds: Investing in mutual funds carries the risk of capital loss and thus you may
lose money investing in mutual funds. All mutual funds have costs that lower investment
returns. The funds can be of bond “fixed income” nature (lower risk) or stock “equity”
nature.
Equity investment generally refers to buying shares of stocks in return for receiving a
future payment of dividends and/or capital gains if the value of the stock increases. The
value of equity securities may fluctuate in response to specific situations for each
company, industry conditions and the general economic environments.
Fixed income investments generally pay a return on a fixed schedule, though the amount
of the payments can vary. This type of investment can include corporate and government
debt securities, leveraged loans, high yield, and investment grade debt and structured
products, such as mortgage and other asset-backed securities, although individual bonds
may be the best known type of fixed income security. In general, the fixed income market
is volatile and fixed income securities carry interest rate risk. (As interest rates rise, bond
prices usually fall, and vice versa. This effect is usually more pronounced for longer-term
securities.) Fixed income securities also carry inflation risk, liquidity risk, call risk, and
credit and default risks for both issuers and counterparties. The risk of default on treasury
inflation protected/inflation linked bonds is dependent upon the U.S. Treasury defaulting
(extremely unlikely); however, they carry a potential risk of losing share price value, albeit
rather minimal.
Exchange Traded Funds (ETFs): An ETF is an investment fund traded on stock exchanges,
similar to stocks. Investing in ETFs carries the risk of capital loss (sometimes up to a 100%
loss in the case of a stock holding bankruptcy). Areas of concern include the lack of
transparency in products and increasing complexity, conflicts of interest and the
possibility of inadequate regulatory compliance. Risks in investing in ETFs include
trading risks, liquidity and shutdown risks, risks associated with a change in authorized
participants and non-participation of authorized participants, risks that trading price
differs from indicative net asset value (iNAV), or price fluctuation and disassociation from
the index being tracked. With regard to trading risks, regular trading adds cost to your
portfolio thus counteracting the low fees that one of the typical benefits of ETFs.
Additionally, regular trading to beneficially “time the market” is difficult to achieve. Even
paid fund managers struggle to do this every year, with the majority failing to beat the
relevant indexes. With regard to liquidity and shutdown risks, not all ETFs have the same
level of liquidity. Since ETFs are at least as liquid as their underlying assets, trading
conditions are more accurately reflected in implied liquidity rather than the average daily
volume of the ETF itself. Implied liquidity is a measure of what can potentially be traded
in ETFs based on its underlying assets. ETFs are subject to market volatility and the risks
of their underlying securities, which may include the risks associated with investing in
smaller companies, foreign securities, commodities, and fixed income investments (as
applicable). Foreign securities in particular are subject to interest rate, currency exchange
rate, economic, and political risks, all of which are magnified in emerging markets. ETFs
that target a small universe of securities, such as a specific region or market sector, are
generally subject to greater market volatility, as well as to the specific risks associated with
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that sector, region, or other focus. ETFs that use derivatives, leverage, or complex
investment strategies are subject to additional risks. The return of an index ETF is usually
different from that of the index it tracks because of fees, expenses, and tracking error. An
ETF may trade at a premium or discount to its net asset value (NAV) (or indicative value
in the case of exchange-traded notes). The degree of liquidity can vary significantly from
one ETF to another and losses may be magnified if no liquid market exists for the ETF’s
shares when attempting to sell them. Each ETF has a unique risk profile, detailed in its
prospectus, offering circular, or similar material, which should be considered carefully
when making investment decisions.
Annuities are a retirement product for those who may have the ability to pay a premium
now and want to guarantee they receive certain monthly payments or a return on
investment later in the future. Annuities are contracts issued by a life insurance company
designed to meet requirement or other long-term goals. An annuity is not a life insurance
policy. Variable annuities are designed to be long-term investments, to meet retirement
and other long-range goals. Variable annuities are not suitable for meeting short-term
goals because substantial taxes and insurance company charges may apply if you
withdraw your money early. Variable annuities also involve investment risks, just as
mutual funds do.
Past performance is not indicative of future results. Investing in securities involves a
risk of loss that you, as a client, should be prepared to bear.
Item 9: Disciplinary Information
A. Criminal or Civil Actions
There are no criminal or civil actions to report.
B. Administrative Proceedings
There are no administrative proceedings to report.
C. Self-regulatory Organization (SRO) Proceedings
There are no self-regulatory organization proceedings to report.
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Item 10: Other Financial Industry Activities and Affiliations
A. Registration as a Broker/Dealer or Broker/Dealer Representative
Neither RSCAL nor its representatives are registered as, or have pending applications to
become, a broker/dealer or a representative of a broker/dealer.
B. Registration as a Futures Commission Merchant, Commodity
Pool Operator, or a Commodity Trading Advisor
Neither RSCAL nor its representatives are registered as or have pending applications to
become either a Futures Commission Merchant, Commodity Pool Operator, or
Commodity Trading Advisor or an associated person of the foregoing entities.
C. Registration Relationships Material to this Advisory Business
and Possible Conflicts of Interests
Riley S. Crosbie is a minority owner of CacheTech (CRD# 327688), an SEC registered
investment adviser. CacheTech offers investment management and trading support
through CacheTech Advisor Solutions. CacheTech and its team of highly experienced
investment managers will support RSCAL through portfolio management and risk
assessment. At the direction of RSCAL, CacheTech will also assist in placing trades and
rebalancing client accounts.
RSCAL utilizes CacheTech’s services and clients should be aware that these services
involve a conflict of interest. RSCAL always acts in the best interest of the client. As
minority owner of CacheTech, Riley S. Crosbie indirectly receives compensation from
CacheTech and use of CacheTech by RSCAL would result in additional compensation
received. Clients should be aware that these services involve a conflict of interest. RSCAL
always acts in the best interest of the client.
Riley S. Crosbie is a licensed insurance agent. This activity creates a conflict of interest
since there is an incentive to recommend insurance products based on commissions or
other benefits received from the insurance company, rather than on the client’s needs.
Additionally, the offer and sale of insurance products by supervised persons of RSCAL
are not made in their capacity as a fiduciary, and products are limited to only those offered
by certain insurance providers. RSCAL addresses this conflict of interest by requiring its
supervised persons to act in the best interest of the client at all times, including when
acting as an insurance agent. RSCAL periodically reviews recommendations by its
supervised persons to assess whether they are based on an objective evaluation of each
client’s risk profile and investment objectives rather than on the receipt of any
commissions or other benefits. RSCAL will disclose in advance how it or its supervised
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persons are compensated and will disclose conflicts of interest involving any advice or
service provided. At no time will there be tying between business practices and/or
services (a condition where a client or prospective client would be required to accept one
product or service conditioned upon the selection of a second, distinctive tied product or
service). No client is ever under any obligation to purchase any insurance product.
Insurance products recommended by RSCAL’s supervised persons may also be available
from other providers on more favorable terms, and clients can purchase insurance
products recommended through other unaffiliated insurance agencies.
Riley S. Crosbie has passive ownership in Prov1 Holdings LLC and Quantum Healthcare
LLC. These entities are not investment related and will not be recommended to clients of
RSCAL. Therefore no conflicts of interest exist. Less than one hour a month are spent on
these outside business activities.
Neither RSCAL nor its representatives have any other material relationships or
arrangements with other types of financial services providers that would present a
possible conflict of interest.
D. Selection of Other Advisers or Managers and How This Adviser
is Compensated for Those Selections
RSCAL does not utilize nor select third-party investment advisers.
Item 11: Code of Ethics, Participation or Interest in Client
Transactions and Personal Trading
A. Code of Ethics
RSCAL has a written Code of Ethics that covers the following areas: Prohibited Purchases
and Sales, Insider Trading, Personal Securities Transactions, Exempted Transactions,
Prohibited Activities, Conflicts of Interest, Gifts and Entertainment, Confidentiality,
Service on a Board of Directors, Compliance Procedures, Compliance with Laws and
Regulations, Procedures and Reporting, Certification of Compliance, Reporting
Violations, Compliance Officer Duties, Training and Education, Recordkeeping, Annual
Review, and Sanctions. RSCAL's Code of Ethics is available free upon request to any client
or prospective client.
B. Recommendations Involving Material Financial Interests
RSCAL does not recommend that clients buy or sell any security in which a related person
to RSCAL or RSCAL has a material financial interest.
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C. Investing Personal Money in the Same Securities as Clients
From time to time, representatives of RSCAL may buy or sell securities for themselves
that they also recommend to clients. This may provide an opportunity for representatives
of RSCAL to buy or sell the same securities before or after recommending the same
securities to clients resulting in representatives profiting off the recommendations they
provide to clients. Such transactions create a conflict of interest. RSCAL will always
document any transactions that could be construed as conflicts of interest and will never
engage in trading that operates to the client’s disadvantage when similar securities are
being bought or sold.
D. Trading Securities At/Around the Same Time as Clients’
Securities
From time to time, representatives of RSCAL may buy or sell securities for themselves at
or around the same time as clients. This may provide an opportunity for representatives
of RSCAL to buy or sell securities before or after recommending securities to clients
resulting in representatives profiting off the recommendations they provide to clients.
Such transactions create a conflict of interest; however, RSCAL will never engage in
trading that operates to the client’s disadvantage if representatives of RSCAL buy or sell
securities at or around the same time as clients.
Item 12: Brokerage Practices
A. Factors Used to Select Custodians and/or Broker/Dealers
Custodians/broker-dealers will be recommended based on RSCAL’s duty to seek “best
execution,” which is the obligation to seek execution of securities transactions for a client
on the most favorable terms for the client under the circumstances. Clients will not
necessarily pay the lowest commission or commission equivalent, and RSCAL may also
consider the market expertise and research access provided by the broker-
dealer/custodian, including but not limited to access to written research, oral
communication with analysts, admittance to research conferences and other resources
provided by the brokers that may aid in RSCAL's research efforts. RSCAL will never
charge a premium or commission on transactions, beyond the actual cost imposed by the
broker-dealer/custodian.
RSCAL recommends Schwab Institutional, a division of Charles Schwab & Co., Inc..
1. Research and Other Soft-Dollar Benefits
While RSCAL has no formal soft dollars program in which soft dollars are used to pay
for third party services, RSCAL may receive research, products, or other services from
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custodians and broker-dealers in connection with client securities transactions (“soft
dollar benefits”). RSCAL may enter into soft-dollar arrangements consistent with (and
not outside of) the safe harbor contained in Section 28(e) of the Securities Exchange
Act of 1934, as amended. There can be no assurance that any particular client will
benefit from soft dollar research, whether or not the client’s transactions paid for it,
and RSCAL does not seek to allocate benefits to client accounts proportionate to any
soft dollar credits generated by the accounts. RSCAL benefits by not having to
produce or pay for the research, products or services, and RSCAL will have an
incentive to recommend a broker-dealer based on receiving research or services.
Clients should be aware that RSCAL’s acceptance of soft dollar benefits may result in
higher commissions charged to the client.
2. Brokerage for Client Referrals
RSCAL receives no referrals from a broker-dealer or third party in exchange for using
that broker-dealer or third party.
3. Clients Directing Which Broker/Dealer/Custodian to Use
RSCAL may permit clients to direct it to execute transactions through a specified
broker-dealer. If a client directs brokerage, then the client will be required to
acknowledge in writing that the client’s direction with respect to the use of brokers
supersedes any authority granted to RSCAL to select brokers; this direction may result
in higher commissions, which may result in a disparity between free and directed
accounts; the client may be unable to participate in block trades (unless RSCAL is able
to engage in “step outs”); and trades for the client and other directed accounts may be
executed after trades for free accounts, which may result in less favorable prices,
particularly for illiquid securities or during volatile market conditions. Not all
investment advisers allow their clients to direct brokerage.
B. Aggregating (Block) Trading for Multiple Client Accounts
If RSCAL buys or sells the same securities on behalf of more than one client, then it may
(but would be under no obligation to) aggregate or bunch such securities in a single
transaction for multiple clients in order to seek more favorable prices, lower brokerage
commissions, or more efficient execution. In such case, RSCAL would place an aggregate
order with the broker on behalf of all such clients in order to ensure fairness for all clients;
provided, however, that trades would be reviewed periodically to ensure that accounts
are not systematically disadvantaged by this policy. RSCAL would determine the
appropriate number of shares and select the appropriate brokers consistent with its duty
to seek best execution, except for those accounts with specific brokerage direction (if any).
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Item 13: Review of Accounts
A. Frequency and Nature of Periodic Reviews and Who Makes
Those Reviews
All client accounts and model allocations for RSCAL's advisory services provided on an
ongoing basis are reviewed at least annually by Riley S. Crosbie, Managing Member and
Chief Compliance Officer, with regard to clients’ respective investment policies and risk
tolerance levels. All accounts at RSCAL are assigned to this reviewer.
B. Factors That Will Trigger a Non-Periodic Review of Client
Accounts
Reviews for accounts and model allocations may be triggered by material market,
economic or political events, or by changes in client's financial situations (such as
retirement, termination of employment, physical move, or inheritance).
C. Content and Frequency of Regular Reports Provided to Clients
Each client of RSCAL's advisory services provided on an ongoing basis will receive a
monthly report detailing the client’s account, including assets held, asset value, and
calculation of fees. This written report will come from the custodian. The firm will not
provide any additional reports or statements regarding changes in model allocations.
Clients can review the changes in model allocations on the statement from the custodian.
Item 14: Client Referrals and Other Compensation
A. Economic Benefits Provided by Third Parties for Advice
Rendered to Clients (Includes Sales Awards or Other Prizes)
Other than soft dollar benefits as described in Item 12 above and the benefits below in
Item 14, RSCAL does not receive any economic benefit, directly or indirectly from any
third party for advice rendered to RSCAL's clients.
Other than the indirectly compensation disclosed in Item 10C above, RSCAL nor its
representatives receive economic benefits for the use of CacheTech to provide services to
RSCAL clients.
With respect to Schwab, RSCAL receives access to Schwab’s institutional trading and
custody services, which are typically not available to Schwab retail investors. These
services generally are available to independent investment advisers on an unsolicited
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basis, at no charge to them so long as a total of at least $10 million of the adviser’s clients’
assets are maintained in accounts at Schwab Advisor Services. Schwab’s services include
brokerage services that are related to the execution of securities transactions, custody,
research, including that in the form of advice, analyses and reports, and access to mutual
funds and other investments that are otherwise generally available only to institutional
investors or would require a significantly higher minimum initial investment. For RSCAL
client accounts maintained in its custody, Schwab generally does not charge separately
for custody services but is compensated by account holders through commissions or other
transaction-related or asset-based fees for securities trades that are executed through
Schwab or that settle into Schwab accounts.
Schwab also makes available to RSCAL other products and services that benefit RSCAL
but may not benefit its clients’ accounts. These benefits may include national, regional or
RSCAL specific educational events organized and/or sponsored by Schwab Advisor
Services. Other potential benefits may include occasional business entertainment of
personnel of RSCAL by Schwab Advisor Services personnel, including meals, invitations
to sporting events, including golf tournaments, and other forms of entertainment, some
of which may accompany educational opportunities. Other of these products and services
assist RSCAL in managing and administering clients’ accounts. These include software
and other technology (and related technological training) that provide access to client
account data (such as trade confirmations and account statements), facilitate trade
execution (and allocation of aggregated trade orders for multiple client accounts, if
applicable), provide research, pricing information and other market data, facilitate
payment of RSCAL’s fees from its clients’ accounts (if applicable), and assist with back-
office training and support functions, recordkeeping and client reporting. Many of these
services generally may be used to service all or some substantial number of RSCAL’s
accounts. Schwab Advisor Services also makes available to RSCAL other services
intended to help RSCAL manage and further develop its business enterprise. These
services may include professional compliance, legal and business consulting, publications
and conferences on practice management, information technology, business succession,
regulatory compliance, employee benefits providers, human capital consultants,
insurance and marketing. In addition, Schwab may make available, arrange and/or pay
vendors for these types of services rendered to RSCAL by independent third parties.
Schwab Advisor Services may discount or waive fees it would otherwise charge for some
of these services or pay all or a part of the fees of a third-party providing these services to
RSCAL. RSCAL is independently owned and operated and not affiliated with Schwab.
B. Compensation to Non – Advisory Personnel for Client Referrals
RSCAL does not directly or indirectly compensate any person who is not advisory
personnel for client referrals.
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Item 15: Custody
When advisory fees are deducted directly from client accounts at client's custodian, RSCAL will
be deemed to have limited custody of client's assets and must have written authorization from
the client to do so. Clients will receive all account statements and billing invoices, and they should
carefully review those statements for accuracy.
Custody is also disclosed in Form ADV because RSCAL has authority to transfer money from
client account(s), which constitutes a standing letter of authorization (SLOA). Accordingly,
RSCAL will follow the 7-step SEC safeguards specified by the SEC rather than undergo an annual
audit. The safeguards are listed below.
1. The client provides an instruction to the qualified custodian, in writing, that includes the
client’s signature, the third party’s name, and either the third party’s address or the third
party’s account number at a custodian to which the transfer should be directed.
2. The client authorizes the investment adviser, in writing, either on the qualified
custodian’s form or separately, to direct transfers to the third party either on a specified
schedule or from time to time.
3. The client’s qualified custodian performs appropriate verification of the instruction, such
as a signature review or other method to verify the client’s authorization, and provides a
transfer of funds notice to the client promptly after each transfer.
4. The client has the ability to terminate or change the instruction to the client’s qualified
custodian.
5. The investment adviser has no authority or ability to designate or change the identity of
the third party, the address, or any other information about the third party contained in
the client’s instruction.
6. The investment adviser maintains records showing that the third party is not a related
party of the investment adviser or located at the same address as the investment adviser.
7. The client’s qualified custodian sends the client, in writing, an initial notice confirming
the instruction and an annual notice reconfirming the instruction.
Item 16: Investment Discretion
RSCAL provides discretionary and non-discretionary investment advisory services to clients. The
advisory contract established with each client sets forth the discretionary authority for trading.
Where investment discretion has been granted, RSCAL generally manages the client’s account
and makes investment decisions without consultation with the client as to when the securities are
to be bought or sold for the account, the total amount of the securities to be bought/sold, what
securities to buy or sell, or the price per share. In some instances, RSCAL’s discretionary authority
in making these determinations may be limited by conditions imposed by a client (in investment
guidelines or objectives, or client instructions otherwise provided to RSCAL. Clients may, but
typically do not, impose restrictions in investing in certain securities or types of securities in
accordance with their values or beliefs.
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Item 17: Voting Client Securities (Proxy Voting)
RSCAL will not ask for, nor accept voting authority for client securities. Clients will receive
proxies directly from the issuer of the security or the custodian. Clients should direct all proxy
questions to the issuer of the security.
Item 18: Financial Information
A. Balance Sheet
RSCAL neither requires nor solicits prepayment of more than $1,200 in fees per client, six
months or more in advance, and therefore is not required to include a balance sheet with
this brochure.
B. Financial Conditions Reasonably Likely to Impair Ability to
Meet Contractual Commitments to Clients
Neither RSCAL nor its management has any financial condition that is likely to reasonably
impair RSCAL’s ability to meet contractual commitments to clients.
C. Bankruptcy Petitions in Previous Ten Years
RSCAL has not been the subject of a bankruptcy petition in the last ten years.
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