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Form ADV – Part 2A: Firm Brochure
Item 1: Cover Page
July 2025
Ritholtz Wealth Management
24 West 40th Street, 15th Floor
New York, NY 10018
Firm Contact:
Patricia Hatzfeld
Chief Compliance Officer
Firm Website:
www.RitholtzWealth.com
This brochure provides information about the qualifications and business practices of Ritholtz
Wealth Management (hereinafter referred to as “us”, “our Firm”, or the “Adviser”). If you have any
questions about the contents of this brochure, please contact us by telephone at (212) 625-1200 or
by email at info@ritholtzwealth.com. The information in this brochure has not been approved or
verified by the United States Securities and Exchange Commission or by any State Securities
Authority.
Additional information about Ritholtz Wealth Management also is available on the SEC’s website at
www.adviserinfo.sec.gov by searching CRD # 168652.
Please note that the use of the term “registered investment adviser” and description of Ritholtz
Wealth Management and/or our associates as “registered” does not imply a certain level of skill or
training. You are encouraged to review this Brochure and Brochure Supplements for our firm’s
associates who advise you for more information on the qualifications of our firm and our employees.
Item 2: Material Changes
Ritholtz Wealth Management is required to advise you of any material changes to the Firm
Brochure (“Brochure”) from our last annual update. Since our last annual amendment filed on
03/20/2025, we have the following material change(s) to disclose:
• We have updated Item 12: “Brokerage Practices” to disclose that we have started
recommending Altruist Financial LLC as a custodian. Please see Item 12 for additional
information.
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Item 3: Table of Contents
Section:
Page(s):
Item 1: Cover Page .................................................................................................................................................................. 1
Item 2: Material Changes ...................................................................................................................................................... 2
Item 3: Table of Contents ..................................................................................................................................................... 3
Item 4: Advisory Business.................................................................................................................................................... 4
Item 5: Fees & Compensation ............................................................................................................................................. 7
Item 6: Performance-Based Fees & Side-By-Side Management ......................................................................... 11
Item 7: Types of Clients & Account Requirements .................................................................................................. 11
Item 8: Methods of Analysis, Investment Strategies & Risk of Loss ................................................................. 11
Item 9: Disciplinary Information .................................................................................................................................... 17
Item 10: Other Financial Industry Activities & Affiliations .................................................................................. 17
Item 11: Code of Ethics, Participation or Interest in Client Transactions & Personal Trading ............. 19
Item 12: Brokerage Practices ........................................................................................................................................... 21
Item 13: Review of Accounts or Financial Plans ....................................................................................................... 25
Item 14: Client Referrals & Other Compensation ..................................................................................................... 26
Item 15: Custody .................................................................................................................................................................... 27
Item 16: Investment Discretion ....................................................................................................................................... 28
Item 17: Voting Client Securities ..................................................................................................................................... 28
Item 18: Financial Information ........................................................................................................................................ 29
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Item 4: Advisory Business
A. Description of our advisory firm, our principal owner, and how long we have been in business.
We are dedicated to providing individuals and other types of clients with a wide array of
investment advisory services. Our firm is a limited liability company formed in the State of New
York and has been in business as an investment adviser since 2013. The firm’s principal owners
are Barry Ritholtz (37.85%), Joshua Brown (27.16%), Kristopher Venne (8.28%), and Michael
Batnick (8.28%). In addition, Benjamin Carlson, William Sweet, Erika Mauro, Joel Fishman, Dina
Isola, Alex Palumbo, Brian Rosen, Jonathan Novy, Jay Tini, Blair DuQuesnay, Nicholas Maggiulli,
Paul Zodtner, Daniel LaRosa, Anna Chaiken, Gary Pulford, Patricia Hatzfeld, Dylan Kluender,
Matthew Lohrius, Nicholas Sapienza, Kevin Young, Benjamin Coulthard, Michelle Katzen, William
Artzerounian and Taylor Hollis each have ownership under 5%.
B. Description of the Types of Advisory Services We Offer.
Comprehensive Portfolio Management:
Our Comprehensive Portfolio Management service encompasses asset management as well as
the option of financial planning/financial consulting to clients. It is designed to assist clients in
meeting their financial goals through the use of financial investments. We conduct at least one,
but sometimes more than one meeting (in person if possible, otherwise via telephone or web
video conference) with clients in order to understand their current financial situation, existing
resources, financial goals, and tolerance for risk. Based on what we learn, we propose an
investment approach to the client. We may propose an investment portfolio, consisting of
exchange traded funds (“ETFs”), mutual funds, individual stocks or bonds, or other securities.
Upon the client’s agreement to the proposed investment plan, we work with the client to establish
or transfer investment accounts so that we can manage the client’s portfolio. Once the relevant
accounts are under our management, we review such accounts on a regular basis and at least
quarterly. We may periodically rebalance or adjust client accounts under our management. If
the client experiences any significant changes to his/her financial or personal circumstances, the
client must notify us so that we can consider such information in managing the client’s
investments.
We may utilize Independent Money Managers, where we design an investment portfolio on a fee-
only basis for a percentage of assets in conjunction with another investment advisory firm. The
selection of other advisers may be done on a discretionary basis pursuant to the terms of the
executed investment advisory client agreement with our firm. Before selecting other advisers, we
make sure that the other advisers are properly licensed or registered. When a client has
authorized our firm to select other advisers on a discretionary basis, we shall have the authority
to select and terminate them without the client’s specific approval. A copy of the Independent
Money Manager’s disclosure brochure will be provided to the client. The terms and conditions
under which the client shall engage the Independent Managers shall generally be set forth in the
agreement between the client and our firm or a separate written agreement between the client
and the designated Independent Managers. Clients may terminate these contracts at any time
upon written notice.
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Good Advice – Automated Wealth Management:
Good Advice is an automated online platform powered by Ritholtz Wealth Management that
guides clients through the entire investment management process. Our Good Advice Automated
Wealth Management service encompasses asset management and financial planning/financial
consulting. It is designed to assist clients in meeting their financial goals through the use of
financial investments. Clients subscribing to the Good Advice Automated Wealth Management
service authorize our firm to implement our proprietary portfolio models. As part of the Good
Advice Automated Wealth Management service, clients complete an online personal risk
tolerance assessment and provide additional information about their financial goals. Based on
the information provided, the appropriate model portfolio is selected for the client. We generally
create diversified model portfolios of investments consisting of low cost exchange traded funds
(“ETFs”), mutual funds, and other similar equity-related index funds, stocks, or investment
products tailored to the client’s specific needs. Information about the client’s model portfolio is
available on the online Platform, which includes their investment style, objectives, and a list of
ETFs and other investments with shares that are included in and traded through them. The client
can also edit their risk profile or complete a new risk questionnaire directly through the online
Platform. The Platform also aims to help lower taxes through active tax-loss harvesting. When
securities decline in value, clients can get what amounts to a small rebate by selling the security
and buying a substitute, then using these losses to offset gains from elsewhere in the portfolio. If
they don’t have any gains to offset today, these losses can be banked for use at a future date.
Liftoff – Automated Advisory Services:
Liftoff is an automated online platform powered by Ritholtz Wealth Management that guides
clients through the entire investment management process and provides management services.
Clients subscribing to the Liftoff service authorize Ritholtz Wealth Management to select money
managers to implement our proprietary portfolio models. As part of the Liftoff investment
management service, clients complete an online personal risk tolerance assessment and provide
additional information about their financial goals. Based on the information provided, the
appropriate model portfolio is selected for the client. We generally create diversified model
portfolios of investments consisting of low-cost exchange traded funds (“ETFs”), mutual funds,
and other similar equity-related index funds, stocks, or investment products tailored to the
client’s specific needs. Information about the client’s model portfolio is available on the online
platform, which includes their investment style, objectives, and a list of ETFs and other
investments with shares that are included in and traded through them. The client can also submit
or modify risk preferences, investment objectives, investment size and any other restrictions for
their accounts directly through the online platform. The money managers will periodically
rebalance client model portfolios based upon the client’s individual needs, stated goals and
objectives. Before selecting money managers, we make sure that they are properly licensed or
registered. Clients who subscribe to this service will enter into a dual contract with us and the
money manager.
Retirement Plan Consulting:
Our firm provides retirement plan consulting services to employer plan sponsors on an ongoing
basis. Generally, such consulting services consist of assisting employer plan sponsors in
establishing, monitoring and reviewing their company's participant-directed retirement plan. As
the needs of the plan sponsor dictate, areas of advising could include: investment options, plan
structure and participant education.
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In providing services for retirement plan consulting, our firm does not provide any advisory
services with respect to the following types of assets: employer securities, real estate (excluding
real estate funds and publicly traded REITS), participant loans, non-publicly traded securities or
assets, other illiquid investments, or brokerage window programs
(collectively, “Excluded
Assets”).
All retirement plan consulting services shall be in compliance with the applicable state laws
regulating retirement consulting services. This applies to client accounts that are retirement or
other employee benefit plans (“Plan”) governed by the Employee Retirement Income Security Act
of 1974, as amended (“ERISA”). If the client accounts are part of a Plan, and our firm accepts
appointments to provide services to such accounts, our firm acknowledges its fiduciary standard
within the meaning of Section 3(21) or 3(38) of ERISA as designated by the Retirement Plan
Consulting Agreement with respect to the provision of services described therein.
College Financial Planning:
Our firm provides College Financial Planning services to individuals, families, and other clients
regarding the management of their financial resources based upon an analysis of the client’s
current situation, goals, and objectives. Planning rendered to clients usually includes general
recommendations for a course of activity or specific actions to be taken by the clients. College
Planning services are provided at a reduced cost to existing clients (see Item 5: “Fees &
Compensation”). Planning services will be rendered within six months of payment.
Implementation of the recommendations will be at the client’s discretion.
College Financial Planning is a process that helps parents and students understand how to pay
for college and make the most optimal college decisions. College is a big purchase decision, and it
is one where planning and preparation can help. We will advise you about your options to fund
education for your children or grandchildren. We will help you determine the funds needed and
advise on ways that may improve your ability to obtain merit- and needs-based aid through
various tax, income and asset strategies.
Our College Financial Planning service includes a College Cost Analyzer solution, predominantly
for late-stage college planning (high school years), that provides the average costs of attendance,
average GPA, minimum standardized test scores and acceptance rates for desired college
applications. Our services will compare the best college value matched with potential merit-
based opportunities, required funding and contributions and loan options for financial planning
and college selection purposes. We will also analyze and recommend strategies to improve
affordability and funding outlook. Working with your financial advisor we can also help by
projecting the amount that will be needed to achieve college or other post‐secondary education
funding goals, along with advice on ways for you to save the desired amount including, but not
limited to, cash flow strategies, education tax planning, financial aid optimization, family gifting,
and school selection.
C. Explanation of whether (i) we tailor our advisory services to the individual needs of clients and
(ii) whether clients may impose restrictions on investing in certain securities or types of
securities.
(i) We offer individualized investment advice to clients utilizing our Comprehensive Portfolio
Management and Good Advice services. We offer general investment advice to clients
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utilizing our Liftoff – Automated Advisory Services, Retirement Plan Consulting, and College
Financial Planning clients.
(ii) Each Comprehensive Portfolio Management and Good Advice client has the opportunity to
place reasonable restrictions on the types of investments to be held in the portfolio. Restrictions
on investments in certain securities or types of securities may not be possible due to the level
of difficulty this would entail in managing the account.
D. Participation in Wrap Fee Programs.
We do not offer wrap fee programs.
E. Disclosure of the amount of client assets we manage on a discretionary basis and the amount of
client assets we manage on a non-discretionary basis.
We managed $6,055,680,504 on a discretionary basis and $403,500,672 on a non-discretionary
basis for a total of $6,459,181,176 as of 06/30/2025.
Item 5: Fees & Compensation
A. Description of how we are compensated for our advisory services provided to you.
Comprehensive Portfolio Management:
Our firm charges either a fee based on a percentage of assets under management or an ongoing
flat fee for our Comprehensive Portfolio Management service. The selected billing arrangement
will be indicated in the signed advisory agreement to be signed by the client.
Standard Fee Schedule:
Assets Under Management
Up to $1,999,999
$2,000,000 to $2,999,999
$3,000,000 to $4,999,999
$5,000,000 to $9,999,999
$10,000,000 to $19,999,999
$20,000,000 to $49,999,999
Over $49,999,999
Maximum Annual Percentage of
Assets Charge
1.25%
1.00%
0.85%
0.75%
0.65%
0.45%
0.35%
For clients assessed a fee in accordance with our standard fee schedule, our firm’s fees are billed
on a pro-rata annualized basis quarterly in advance based on the value of your account on the
last day of the previous quarter. Fees may vary in certain circumstances. However, fees are
generally not negotiable. The specific fee arrangement will be outlined in the advisory agreement
to be signed by the client. We may group certain related client accounts for the purposes of
determining the annualized fee.
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Flat Fee Rate:
For clients assessed an ongoing flat fee, our firm charges a flat fee of up to $1,000,000, which is
assessed annually and billed quarterly. This fee will be reassessed on an annual basis. Fees to be
assessed will be outlined in the advisory agreement to be signed by the client.
Non-ERISA 403(b) Plan Fee Schedule:
The maximum annual fee charged for this service will not exceed 0.40% for non-ERISA 403(b)
plans and IRAs for teachers. Fees to be assessed will be outlined in the advisory agreement to be
signed by the client. Our firm’s fees are billed on a pro-rata annualized basis quarterly in arrears
based on the value of your account on the last day of the previous quarter.
Third Party Money Managers:
Fees may also be assessed by Independent Money Managers for services rendered by these firms
to our clients in addition to the fees assessed by our firm. Our firm separately negotiates these
compensation arrangements with Independent Money Managers on terms that we deem
acceptable. The terms and conditions under which the client shall engage the third-party
investment advisory firm or individual advisors shall be set forth in a separate agreement
between the client and the designated third party.
Good Advice – Automated Wealth Management:
The maximum total fee charged for our Good Advice service will not exceed 0.75% of assets under
management. Our firm’s fees are billed on a pro-rata annualized basis quarterly in advance based
on the value of your account on the last day of the previous quarter. Fees to be assessed will be
outlined in the advisory agreement to be signed by the client.
Liftoff – Automated Advisory Services:
The maximum total fee charged for our Liftoff service will not exceed 0.50% of assets under
management. The fee is split between our firm and Betterment Securities. Fees are billed on a
pro-rata annualized basis quarterly in arrears based on the average daily balance of your account
during the previous quarter.
Retirement Plan Consulting:
Our Retirement Plan Consulting services are billed based on the percentage of Plan assets under
management or flat fee basis. The total estimated fee, as well as the ultimate fee charged, is based
on the scope and complexity of our engagement with the client. Fees based on a percentage of
managed Plan assets will not exceed 1.00%. The fee-paying arrangements will be determined on
a case-by-case basis and will be detailed in the signed consulting agreement.
Our firm’s fees are in addition to any fee assessed by any mutual funds in which Plan assets are
invested and any transaction fees charged by the third-party administrator and/or custodian
where the Plan is held. Our firm acknowledges that it receives no compensation of any kind from
any party in relation to the services it provides as an independent consultant to the Plan
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fiduciaries. To the extent that the client requires extraordinary time, effort or travel, client and
our firm will agree in advance on any additional compensation and or expense reimbursement.
College Financial Planning:
Fees for College Financial Planning services are charged on a flat fee basis of up to $4,000 for four
meetings beginning in sophomore year through senior year of high school pursuant to a College
Financial Planning agreement. Additional fees may apply if services extend beyond the scope of
the agreement. The fees will be directly billed to the client in installments and due within 30 days
of a completion of consultation. Our firm’s existing clients will receive a reduced rate of 25%.
B. Description of whether we deduct fees from clients’ assets or bill clients for fees incurred.
Comprehensive Portfolio Management, Good Advice, & Liftoff – Automated Advisory
Services:
Fees will generally be automatically deducted from your managed account*. As part of this
process, you understand and acknowledge the following:
a) Your independent custodian sends statements at least quarterly to you showing the
market values for each security included in the assets and all disbursements in your
account including the amount of the advisory fees paid to us.
b) You provide authorization permitting us to be directly paid by these terms.
c) If we send a copy of our invoice to you, it will include a disclosure urging you to compare
the information provided in our statement with those from the independent custodian.
*In rare cases, we will agree to direct bill clients.
If agreed upon in writing, our firm will manage account(s) for Comprehensive Portfolio
Management clients that are held at a custodian that is not directly accessible by our firm using
the Pontera’s Held Away Order Management System (“Pontera”). Pontera allows our firm to view
and manage these held away accounts. Our firm will charge an advisory fee of 0.50% for any held
away accounts managed through Pontera. The advisory fee will be charged on a pro-rata
annualized basis quarterly in advance based on the value of your held away account on the last
day of the previous quarter. The advisory fee payable for any held away accounts will be deducted
directly from another client account, and if there are insufficient funds available in another client
account or our firm believes that deducting the advisory fee from another client account would
be prohibited by applicable law, we will invoice the client directly.
Retirement Plan Consulting:
The fee-paying arrangements for the Retirement Plan Consulting service will be determined on a
case-by-case basis and will be detailed in the signed consulting agreement. Clients will either be
invoiced directly for the fees or the fees will be automatically calculated and deducted from the
Plan’s assets.
College Financial Planning:
The fee-paying arrangement will be detailed in the signed consulting agreement. Our firm will
not require a retainer exceeding $1,200 when services cannot be rendered within 6 months.
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C. Description of any other types of fees or expenses clients may pay in connection with our
advisory services, such as custodian fees or mutual fund expenses.
Clients will incur transaction charges for trades executed in their accounts for certain types of
investments. These transaction fees are separate from our fees and will be disclosed by the
custodian that the trades are executed through. Also, clients will pay the following separately
incurred expenses, which we do not receive any part of: charges imposed directly by a mutual
fund, index fund, or exchange traded fund which shall be disclosed in the fund’s prospectus (i.e.,
fund management fees).
Clients invested in structured notes will pay the following separately incurred expenses which
will reduce the principal amount of their investments and which we do not receive any part of:
charges imposed directly by the issuing bank, by the broker-dealer for underwriting and the
platform that facilitates the structuring of the note, all of which shall be disclosed in the pricing
supplement.
Fees charged by Securitize.io’s Invest Platform are $50 per non-retirement account and $250 per
retirement account per year effective as of 03/01/2023 and 0.70% of the amount invested and
will be included in the purchase price of the crypto assets on a per transaction basis.
D. We must disclose if client’s advisory fees are due quarterly in advance. Explain how a client may
obtain a refund of a pre-paid fee if the advisory contract is terminated before the end of the billing
period. Explain how you will determine the amount of the refund.
We charge our advisory fees quarterly in advance for our Comprehensive Portfolio Management
and Good Advice services. Either party may terminate the agreement signed with our firm at any
time by providing written notice to the other party. Upon notice of termination, we will proceed
to close out your account and process a pro-rata refund of any unearned advisory fees.
We charge our advisory fees quarterly in arrears for non-ERISA 403(b) plans and our Liftoff
service. Either party may terminate the advisory agreement signed with our firm at any time by
providing written notice to the other party. Upon notice of termination, pro-rata advisory fees
for services rendered to the point of termination will be charged. If advisory fees cannot be
deducted, our firm will send an invoice for due advisory fees to the client.
Either party to a Retirement Plan Consulting Agreement may terminate at any time by providing
written notice to the other party. Full refunds will only be made in cases where cancellation
occurs within five (5) business days of signing an agreement. After five (5) business days from
initial signing, either party must provide the other party thirty (30) days written notice to
terminate billing. Billing will terminate 30 days after receipt of termination notice. Clients will be
charged on a pro-rata basis, which takes into account work completed by our firm on behalf of
the client. Clients will incur charges for bona fide advisory services rendered up to the point of
termination (determined as 30 days from receipt of said written notice) and such fees will be due
and payable.
Either party may terminate the College Financial Planning Agreement signed with our firm at any
time by providing written notice to the other party. Clients will receive a pro-rata refund of any
unearned fees based on the time and effort expended by our firm.
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E. Commissionable Securities Sales.
We do not sell securities for a commission in our advisory accounts.
Item 6: Performance-Based Fees & Side-By-Side Management
We do not charge performance-based fees for our advisory services. However, our firm and its
representatives may earn performance-based compensation when acting as a sub-adviser for pooled
investment vehicles. Performance based fees can only be assessed on a Qualified Client pursuant as
defined in the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 (Section 80b-1 et seq.):
(i) A natural person who or a company that immediately after entering into the contract has at
least $1,100,000 under the management of the investment adviser;
(ii) A natural person who or a company that the investment adviser entering into the contract
(and any person acting on his behalf) reasonably believes, immediately prior to entering into
the contract, either:
(A) Has a net worth (together, in the case of a natural person, with assets held jointly with a
spouse) of more than $2,200,000, at the time the contract is entered into; or
(B) Is a qualified purchaser as defined in section 2(a)(51)(AA) of the Investment Company
Act of 1940 (15U.S.C. 80a-2(51)(A)) at the time the contract is entered into; or
(iii) A natural person who immediately prior to entering into the contract is:
(A) An executive officer, director, trustee, general partner or person serving in similar
capacity, of the investment adviser; or
(B) An employee of the investment adviser (other than an employee performing solely
clerical, secretarially or administrative functions with regard to the investment adviser)
who, in connection with his or her regular functions or duties, participates in the
investment activities of such investment adviser, provided that such employee has been
performing such functions and duties for or on behalf of the investment adviser, or
substantially similar functions or duties for or on behalf of another company for at least
12 months.
Item 7: Types of Clients & Account Requirements
We have the following types of clients:
•
Individuals and High Net Worth Individuals.
• Trusts, Estates or Charitable Organizations.
• State or Municipal Government Entities.
• Pension and Profit Sharing Plans.
Our firm does not impose requirements for opening and maintaining accounts or otherwise engaging
us.
Item 8: Methods of Analysis, Investment Strategies & Risk of Loss
Our firm is focused on capital preservation and risk management. We utilize behavioral economics
and asset allocation strategies in order to maximize returns and minimize errors, all based on our
clients’ specific investment objectives. Our firm employs a goal based financial planning process in
order to make investment recommendations for our clients.
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We manage several discretionary portfolios for clients that seek to achieve the objectives of their
financial plans. These include multiple versions of a core asset allocation model using institutional
share class mutual funds and exchange-traded funds. We manage a tactical model portfolio that is
frequently used to complement these strategic asset allocation models. Additionally, we may use
separately management accounts employing all-equity or all-fixed income strategies where we
believe they are appropriate.
Structured Products: We may recommend structured products in certain cases when we deem
appropriate for client. Structured products are designed to facilitate highly customized risk-return
objectives. While structured products come in many different forms, they typically consist of a debt
security that is structured to make interest and principal payments based upon various assets, rates
or formulas. Many structured products include an embedded derivative component. Structured
products may be structured in the form of a security, in which case these products may receive
benefits provided under federal securities law, or they may be cast as derivatives, in which case they
are offered in the over-the-counter market and are subject to no regulation.
Investing in structured products includes significant risks, including valuation, lack of liquidity, price,
credit and market risks. The relative lack of liquidity is due to the highly customized nature of the
investment and the fact that the full extent of returns from the complex performance features is often
not realized until maturity.
Another risk with structured products is the credit quality of the issuer. Although the cash flows are
derived from other sources, the products themselves are legally considered to be the issuing financial
institution's liabilities. The vast majority of structured products are from high-investment-grade
issuers only. Also, there is a lack of pricing transparency. There is no uniform standard for pricing,
making it harder to compare the net-of-pricing attractiveness of alternative structured product
offerings than it is, for instance, to compare the net expense ratios of different mutual funds or
commissions among broker-dealers.
In order to help mitigate these risks, our firm will only recommend high-grade structured note
securities, which are registered with the SEC and track the performance of major stock indices, to
high net worth clients when appropriate and only if they are willing to accept the associated risks.
Additionally, we will notify clients of the specific risks associated with the recommended structured
notes, and require clients to sign a risk acknowledgment form prior to participating in the
investment.
Digital Assets: The term “Digital Asset” refers to an asset that is issued and/or transferred using
distributed ledger or blockchain technology, including, but not limited to, so-called “virtual
currencies”, “coins”, and “tokens”. The investment objective of our firm’s Digital Asset allocation is to
offer interested clients, in an unsolicited manner, exposure to the cryptocurrency market via a
portfolio comprised of a diversified basket of cryptocurrencies.
An investment in Digital Assets is suitable only for clients wishing to have an allocation to an
investment with a speculative objective who can bear the economic risk of the investment, who have
no need for liquidity, understand the risks and are willing to accept those risks of loss of their entire
investment in exchange for potential returns. Given the complexity of the products and technology
that Digital Assets pose, investment decisions made with respect to the allocation of any portfolio to
Digital Assets are subject to various potential risks including technical, legal, market, and operational
risks, price volatility, illiquidity, valuation methodology, related-party transactions, and conflicts of
interest, and that those investment decisions will not always be profitable.
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Risk of Loss:
Investments in Digital Assets is highly speculative and involves a high degree of risk. Investments in
Digital Assets are extremely volatile in nature and can have higher volatility than other traditional
investors such as stocks and bonds, and market movements can be difficult to predict. The value of
Digital Assets can change constantly and dramatically. If the value goes down, there’s no guarantee
that it will rise again. Investors should be prepared for volatile market swings. As a result, there is a
significant risk of loss of your entire principal investment. Interests should not be purchased by any
person who cannot afford the loss of their entire investment. Due to the high price volatility, gains or
losses are unpredictable and there can be no guarantee of returns. Transactions in Digital Assets may
be irreversible, and, accordingly, losses due to fraudulent or accidental transactions may not be
recoverable.
Valuation Risk:
Valuation of Digital Assets can differ significantly depending on the price source or otherwise due to
factors such as market fragmentation, unregulated markets, illiquidity and volatility. There is no
guarantee that a client will be able to achieve a better than average market price for Digital Assets or
will purchase Digital Assets at the most favorable price available.
In addition to traditional market price risk factors such as inflation, interest rates, market and other
political or economic events, the price of Digital Assets may be affected by a wide variety of additional
complex factors including supply and demand as well as access to Digital Asset service providers,
exchanges, miners or and market participants.
Regulatory Uncertainty Risk:
Digital currencies are not considered securities and are not subject to the same regulatory
requirements as SEC registered securities, exchange-traded funds, or similar investment vehicles.
There can be no assurance that Digital Asset investments will not be adversely affected by increases
in regulatory activity concerning particular tokens or token exchanges or trading platforms.
Regulatory agencies and/or the constructs responsible for oversight of a Digital Asset or a Digital
Asset network may not be fully developed and subject to change. Regulators may adopt laws,
regulations, policies or rules directly or indirectly affecting Digital Assets their treatment,
transacting, custody, and valuation.
Regulatory actions could negatively impact Digital Assets in various ways, including, for example,
through a determination that one or more digital assets are deemed regulated financial instruments
or securities that require registration or licensing.
Liquidity:
Any liquidity may be limited or disrupted, and there can be no guarantees on the ability to sell or
exchange Digital Assets at any price. It is also possible that regulatory agencies may then consider
certain Digital Asset trading being conducted as unlawfully under interpretations of existing law and
may take action at any time to freeze or stop Digital Assets from being released or traded.
Operational:
Exchanges can stop operating due to security breaches, fraud, insolvency, market manipulation,
market surveillance, KYC/AML procedures, non-compliance with applicable rules and regulations,
technical glitches, hackers, malware or other reasons; blockchain technology is a relatively new and
untested technology which operates as a distributed ledger. Blockchain systems could be subject to
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internet connectivity disruptions, consensus failures or cybersecurity attacks, and the date or time
that you initiate a transaction may be different than when it is recorded on the blockchain.
Custody Risk:
Digital asset holdings are not considered legal tender and are not insured by the government like U.S.
bank deposits and therefore, you don’t have the same protections as a bank account. Unlike most
traditional currencies, such as the U.S. dollar, the value of a Digital Asset is not tied to promises by a
government or a central bank. Digital asset investments are not insured.
There is currently no regulation or standard auditing practice of accounts holding Digital Assets to
verify ownership. There are counterparty and custody risks associated with Digital Assets including
loss or theft of the Digital Asset. The organizations offering custody services for Digital Asset are
likely to be much less liable or secure than more common custodians due to their lack of regulatory
experience. In general, digital assets cannot be held in custody by US broker-dealers. Therefore,
under the Advisers Act, as an SEC registered investment adviser, we are required to use a “qualified
custodian” that is suitably licensed to maintain client assets in separate accounts in their own name.
Theft is less likely when holding digital assets at a qualified custodian in offline systems (cold storage)
with institutional security and controls.
Security Risk:
Digital Assets exist as computer-coded entries on a digital ledger, or blockchain, visible to and
verifiable by nodes. Ownership is reflected in a string of numbers on a distributed ledger, accessible
only by a public key and a private key in “wallets”.
To satisfy regulatory requirements, a custodian could hold a “private key” and a “public key” to the
digital asset. A custodian can maintain private keys in digital form on a computer hard drive
unconnected from the internet and protected by layers of cybersecurity. Or, the custodian can
maintain and secure the private key in a “cold wallet” by, for example, locking it in a physical vault.
In any event, the technology used for safeguarding digital assets is emerging. Digital Assets are
essentially bearer assets. In general, anyone who obtains possession of the private key can, in theory,
misappropriate the asset, no matter where the private key is maintained. The custodian may
periodically store Digital Assets in “hot wallets” which are connected to the internet to facilitate
transactions in. Digital Assets stored in “hot wallets” may be more susceptible to theft or compromise
than Digital Assets stored in other digital wallets. There can be no assurance the Digital Assets
storage process will not be compromised.
In order to help mitigate this conflict of interest, our firm will only recommend that clients invest in
the Crypto Portfolio when appropriate and if they are willing to accept the risks associated and
require clients to sign a risk acknowledgment form prior to participating in the investment.
Alternative Investments: Hedge funds, commodity pools, Real Estate Investment Trusts (“REITs”),
Business Development Companies (“BDCs”), and other alternative investments involve a high degree
of risk and can be illiquid due to restrictions on transfer and lack of a secondary trading market. They
can be highly leveraged, speculative and volatile, and an investor could lose all or a substantial
amount of an investment. Alternative investments may lack transparency as to share price, valuation
and portfolio holdings. Complex tax structures often result in delayed tax reporting. Compared to
mutual funds, hedge funds and commodity pools are subject to less regulation and often charge
higher fees and may require “capital calls” which would require additional investment. Alternative
investment managers typically exercise broad investment discretion and may apply similar
strategies across multiple investment vehicles, resulting in less diversification.
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Exchange Traded Funds (“ETFs”): An ETF is a type of Investment Company (usually, an open-end
fund or unit investment trust) whose primary objective is to achieve the same return as a particular
market index. The vast majority of ETFs are designed to track an index, so their performance is close
to that of an index mutual fund, but they are not exact duplicates. A tracking error, or the difference
between the returns of a fund and the returns of the index, can arise due to differences in
composition, management fees, expenses, and handling of dividends. ETFs benefit from continuous
pricing; they can be bought and sold on a stock exchange throughout the trading day. Because ETFs
trade like stocks, you can place orders just like with individual stocks - such as limit orders, good-
until-canceled orders, stop loss orders etc. They can also be sold short. Traditional mutual funds are
bought and redeemed based on their net asset values (“NAV”) at the end of the day. ETFs are bought
and sold at the market prices on the exchanges, which resemble the underlying NAV but are
independent of it. However, arbitrageurs will ensure that ETF prices are kept very close to the NAV
of the underlying securities. Although an investor can buy as few as one share of an ETF, most buy in
board lots. Anything bought in less than a board lot will increase the cost to the investor. Anyone can
buy any ETF no matter where in the world it trades. This provides a benefit over mutual funds, which
generally can only be bought in the country in which they are registered.
One of the main features of ETFs are their low annual fees, especially when compared to traditional
mutual funds. The passive nature of index investing, reduced marketing, and distribution and
accounting expenses all contribute to the lower fees. However, individual investors must pay a
brokerage commission to purchase and sell ETF shares; for those investors who trade frequently,
this can significantly increase the cost of investing in ETFs. That said, with the advent of low-cost
brokerage fees, small or frequent purchases of ETFs are becoming more cost efficient.
Mutual Funds: A mutual fund is a company that pools money from many investors and invests that
money in a variety of differing security types based on the objectives of the fund. The portfolio of the
fund consists of the combined holdings it owns. Each share represents an investor’s proportionate
ownership of the fund’s holdings and the income those holdings generate. The price that investors
pay for mutual fund shares are the fund’s per share net asset value (“NAV”) plus any shareholder fees
that the fund imposes at the time of purchase (such as sales loads). Investors typically cannot
ascertain the exact make-up of a fund’s portfolio at any given time, nor can they directly influence
which securities the fund manager buys and sells or the timing of those trades. With an individual
stock, investors can obtain real-time (or close to real-time) pricing information with relative ease by
checking financial websites or by calling a broker or your investment adviser. Investors can also
monitor how a stock’s price changes from hour to hour—or even second to second. By contrast, with
a mutual fund, the price at which an investor purchases or redeems shares will typically depend on
the fund’s NAV, which is calculated daily after market close.
The benefits of investing through mutual funds include: (a) Mutual funds are professionally managed
by an investment adviser who researches, selects, and monitors the performance of the securities
purchased by the fund; (b) Mutual funds typically have the benefit of diversification, which is an
investing strategy that generally sums up as “Don’t put all your eggs in one basket.” Spreading
investments across a wide range of companies and industry sectors can help lower the risk if a
company or sector fails. Some investors find it easier to achieve diversification through ownership of
mutual funds rather than through ownership of individual stocks or bonds.; (c) Some mutual funds
accommodate investors who do not have a lot of money to invest by setting relatively low dollar
amounts for initial purchases, subsequent monthly purchases, or both.; and (d) At any time, mutual
fund investors can readily redeem their shares at the current NAV, less any fees and charges assessed
on redemption.
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Mutual funds also have features that some investors might view as disadvantages: (a) Investors must
pay sales charges, annual fees, and other expenses regardless of how the fund performs. Depending
on the timing of their investment, investors may also have to pay taxes on any capital gains
distributions they receive. This includes instances where the fund performed poorly after purchasing
shares.; (b) Investors typically cannot ascertain the exact make-up of a fund’s portfolio at any given
time, nor can they directly influence which securities the fund manager buys and sells or the timing
of those trades.; and (c) With an individual stock, investors can obtain real-time (or close to real-
time) pricing information with relative ease by checking financial websites or by calling a broker or
your investment adviser. Investors can also monitor how a stock’s price changes from hour to hour—
or even second to second. By contrast, with a mutual fund, the price at which an investor purchases
or redeems shares will typically depend on the fund’s NAV, which the fund might not calculate until
many hours after the investor placed the order. In general, mutual funds must calculate their NAV at
least once every business day, typically after the major U.S. exchanges close.
When investors buy and hold an individual stock or bond, the investor must pay income tax each year
on the dividends or interest the investor receives. However, the investor will not have to pay any
capital gains tax until the investor actually sells and makes a profit. Mutual funds, however, are
different. When an investor buys and holds mutual fund shares, the investor will owe income tax on
any ordinary dividends in the year the investor receives or reinvests them. Moreover, in addition to
owing taxes on any personal capital gains when the investor sells shares, the investor may have to
pay taxes each year on the fund’s capital gains. That is because the law requires mutual funds to
distribute capital gains to shareholders if they sell securities for a profit, and cannot use losses to
offset these gains.
Options: An option is a financial derivative that represents a contract sold by one party (the option
writer) to another party (the option holder, or option buyer). The contract offers the buyer the right,
but not the obligation, to buy or sell a security or other financial asset at an agreed-upon price (the
strike price) during a certain period of time or on a specific date (exercise date). Options are
extremely versatile securities. Traders use options to speculate, which is a relatively risky practice,
while hedgers use options to reduce the risk of holding an asset. In terms of speculation, option
buyers and writers have conflicting views regarding the outlook on the performance of a:
• Call Option: Call options give the option to buy at certain price, so the buyer would want the
stock to go up. Conversely, the option writer needs to provide the underlying shares in the
event that the stock's market price exceeds the strike due to the contractual obligation. An
option writer who sells a call option believes that the underlying stock's price will drop
relative to the option's strike price during the life of the option, as that is how he will reap
maximum profit. This is exactly the opposite outlook of the option buyer. The buyer believes
that the underlying stock will rise; if this happens, the buyer will be able to acquire the stock
for a lower price and then sell it for a profit. However, if the underlying stock does not close
above the strike price on the expiration date, the option buyer would lose the premium paid
for the call option.
• Put Option: Put options give the option to sell at a certain price, so the buyer would want the
stock to go down. The opposite is true for put option writers. For example, a put option buyer
is bearish on the underlying stock and believes its market price will fall below the specified
strike price on or before a specified date. On the other hand, an option writer who sells a put
option believes the underlying stock's price will increase about a specified price on or before
the expiration date. If the underlying stock's price closes above the specified strike price on
the expiration date, the put option writer's maximum profit is achieved. Conversely, a put
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option holder would only benefit from a fall in the underlying stock's price below the strike
price. If the underlying stock's price falls below the strike price, the put option writer is
obligated to purchase shares of the underlying stock at the strike price.
The potential risks associated with these transactions are that (1) all options expire. The closer the
option gets to expiration, the quicker the premium in the option deteriorates; and (2) Prices can move
very quickly. Depending on factors such as time until expiration and the relationship of the stock
price to the option’s strike price, small movements in a stock can translate into big movements in the
underlying options.
Please Note:
Investing in securities involves risk of loss that clients should be prepared to bear. While the stock
market may increase and your account(s) could enjoy a gain, it is also possible that the stock market
may decrease and your account(s) could suffer a loss. It is important that you understand the risks
associated with investing in the stock market, are appropriately diversified in your investments, and
ask us any questions you may have.
We generally invest client’s cash balances in money market funds, FDIC Insured Certificates of
Deposit, high-grade commercial paper and/or government backed debt instruments. Ultimately, we
try to achieve the highest return on our client’s cash balances through relatively low-risk
conservative investments. In most cases, at least a partial cash balance will be maintained in a money
market account so that our firm may debit advisory fees for our services.
Item 9: Disciplinary Information
We have determined that our firm and management have no legal or disciplinary events that are
material to a client’s or prospective client’s evaluation of our advisory business or the integrity of our
management.
Item 10: Other Financial Industry Activities & Affiliations
Affiliated Insurance Agency – RWM Insurance Services, LLC
Barry Ritholtz, Joshua Brown, Michael Batnick, Kris Venne, Ben Carlson, William Sweet, Brian Rosen,
and Jonathan Novy own RWM Insurance Services, LLC, an affiliated insurance agency. RWM
Insurance Services, LLC offers fixed insurance products and earns customary fees as a result of
insurance sales. A conflict of interest exists as these insurance sales create an incentive to
recommend products based on the compensation adviser and/or our supervised persons may earn.
To mitigate this potential conflict, our firm will act in the client’s best interest in accordance with our
fiduciary duty.
Affiliated Accounting and Tax Planning Services – RWM Tax LLC
Barry Ritholtz, Joshua Brown, Michael Batnick, Kris Venne, Ben Carlson, William Sweet, and William
Artzerounian own RWM Tax LLC, which provides tax planning and preparation services. Clients
needing assistance with tax preparation and/or accounting services may be referred to RWM Tax
LLC to work with a licensed Certified Public Accountant. William Sweet is also President of Stevens
& Sweet Incorporated, which provides income tax preparation services. These services are
independent of our financial planning and investment advisory services and are governed under a
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separate engagement agreement. Clients have the option of engaging RWM Tax LLC and/or Stevens
& Sweet Incorporated for tax preparation or accounting services, however, they are under no
obligation to do so.
Securitize.io
Barry Ritholtz, Joshua Brown, Michael Batnick, Kris Venne, Ben Carlson, and William Sweet have
ownership interest in Securitize.io, a platform that hosts the Crypto Portfolio. Our firm and several
of its representatives also invest in the Crypto Portfolio.
Affiliated Venture Capital Fund – The Compound Capital Fund I, LP
Michael Batnick is the Fund Lead for The Compound Capital Fund I, LP (“Fund”), which is managed
by an exempt reporting adviser, AngelList Advisors, LLC. Ritholtz Wealth Management, LLC is the
sub-adviser for the Fund. As a result of this arrangement, Michael Batnick and our firm receive a
portion of the Fund’s management fee and a percentage of carried interest of the Fund’s net profits.
In addition, our firm’s representatives invest in the Fund and may participate in follow-on offering(s)
of the Fund. Our firm therefore has an incentive to recommend that clients invest in the Fund in order
to increase the amount of compensation that we earn. To mitigate this conflict of interest, our firm
will act in the client’s best interest in accordance with our fiduciary duty.
Authors and Media Contributors
Barry Ritholtz, Joshua Brown, Michael Batnick, Ben Carlson, Blair DuQuesnay, Dina Isola, Anthony
Isola, Nick Maggiulli, Cameron Rufus, and Callie Cox are self-employed writers and regular
contributors to multiple media outlets, which accounts for approximately 25% of their time. Some
have also authored books relating to investing and finance.
Joshua Brown, Michael Batnick, Ben Carlson, and William Sweet own Compound Media, Inc., an
affiliated, non-investment related media company for online content marketing.
Advisory Board Memberships
Joshua Brown serves on the advisory board of Vestwell Holdings, Inc., which produces retirement
platforms for advisors. Vestwell Holdings, Inc.’s services are independent of our firm’s investment
advisory services and are governed under a separate engagement agreement with Vestwell Holdings,
Inc. Joshua Brown has accepted equity from Vestwell Holdings, Inc.
Joshua Brown also serves on the advisory board of Osprey Funds LLC, which is a publicly traded
Bitcoin fund. Joshua Brown has accepted equity from Osprey Funds LLC. Our firm does not actively
solicit or recommend Osprey Funds LLC to clients.
Josh Brown also serves on the advisory board of AssetLink, a client relationship AI-driven data
platform that connects asset managers and financial advisors for access to capital. AssetLink,
formerly known as DFD.ai, offers data-driven, tech-enabled distribution services to the asset and
fund manager community. Our firm is not a user or a client of AssetLink.
Josh Brown also serves on the advisory board of FINNY, an AI-powered prospecting and marketing
platform built specifically for financial advisors. Our firm is not a user or a client of FINNY.
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Barry Ritholtz also serves on the board of advisors for Peer Street, Inc., which provides investors with
access to real estate loans. Peer Street, Inc.’s services are independent of our firm’s investment
advisory services and are governed under a separate engagement agreement with Peer Street, Inc.
Sweet Motion LLC
Barry Ritholtz, Joshua Brown, Michael Batnick, Kris Venne, Ben Carlson, William Sweet, and Nick
Maggiulli are owners of Sweet Motion LLC, which makes investments in small financial technology
companies providing services to investment advisers. Our firm does not actively solicit or
recommend that clients invest in Sweet Motion LLC.
Item 11: Code of Ethics, Participation or Interest in Client
Transactions & Personal Trading
A. Brief description of our Code of Ethics adopted pursuant to SEC rule 204A-1 and offer to provide
a copy of our Code of Ethics to any client or prospective client upon request.
We recognize that the personal investment transactions of members and employees of our firm
demand the application of a high Code of Ethics and require that all such transactions be carried out
in a way that does not endanger the interest of any client. At the same time, we believe that if
investment goals are similar for clients and for members and employees of our firm, it is logical and
even desirable that there be common ownership of some securities.
Therefore, in order to prevent conflicts of interest, we have in place a set of procedures (including a
pre-clearing procedure) with respect to transactions effected by our members, officers and
employees for their personal accounts. In order to monitor compliance with our personal trading
policy, we have a quarterly securities transaction reporting system for all of our associates.
Furthermore, our firm has established a Code of Ethics which applies to all of our associated persons.
An investment adviser is considered a fiduciary. As a fiduciary, it is an investment adviser’s
responsibility to provide fair and full disclosure of all material facts and to act solely in the best
interest of each of our clients at all times. We have a fiduciary duty to all clients. Our fiduciary duty
is considered the core underlying principle for our Code of Ethics which also includes Insider
Trading and Personal Securities Transactions Policies and Procedures. We require all of our
supervised persons to conduct business with the highest level of ethical standards and to comply
with all federal and state securities laws at all times. Upon employment or affiliation and at least
annually thereafter, all supervised persons will sign an acknowledgement that they have read,
understand, and agree to comply with our Code of Ethics. Our firm and supervised persons must
conduct business in an honest, ethical, and fair manner and avoid all circumstances that might
negatively affect or appear to affect our duty of complete loyalty to all clients. This disclosure is
provided to give all clients a summary of our Code of Ethics. However, if a client or a potential client
wishes to review our Code of Ethics in its entirety, a copy will be provided promptly upon request.
B. If our firm or a related person recommends to clients, or buys or sells for client accounts,
securities in which our firm or a related person has a material financial interest (excluding an
interest as a shareholder of an SEC-registered, open-end investment company), we must describe
our practice and discuss the conflicts of interest it presents.
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As noted in Item 10, Michael Batnick is the Fund Lead for The Compound Capital Fund I, LP
(“Fund”), which is managed by an exempt reporting adviser, AngelList Advisors, LLC. Ritholtz
Wealth Management, LLC is the sub-adviser for the Fund. As a result of this arrangement, Michael
Batnick and our firm receive a portion of the Fund’s management fee and a percentage of carried
interest of the Fund’s net profits. In addition, our firm’s representatives invest in the Fund and
may participate in follow-on offering(s) of the Fund. Our firm therefore has an incentive to
recommend that clients invest in the Fund in order to increase the amount of compensation that
we earn. To mitigate this conflict of interest, our firm will act in the client’s best interest in
accordance with our fiduciary duty.
As noted in Item 10, Barry Ritholtz, Joshua Brown, Michael Batnick, Kris Venne, Ben Carlson, and
William Sweet have ownership interest through Sweet Motion LLC in Securitize.io, a platform
owned by Securitize, Inc, that hosts the Crypto Portfolio. Our firm and several of its
representatives also invest in the Crypto Portfolio.
As noted in Item 14, our firm has a referral arrangement with EquityZen, which is an online
platform for trading pre-IPO employee shares from privately held companies. EquityZen will pay
our firm 50% of the management fee charged by EquityZen to our firm’s clients if we invest at
least $3,000,000 of our client’s assets in the EquityZen Growth Opportunity Fund VII. We
therefore have an incentive to advise clients to invest in the EquityZen Growth Opportunity Fund
VII because EquityZen may share revenue that they earn with us. In order to help mitigate this
conflict of interest, our firm will only recommend that high net worth clients invest in the
EquityZen Growth Opportunity Fund VII when appropriate and if they are willing to risk the loss
of the entire amount invested. Additionally, we will notify clients of the conflict, discuss the
specific risks associated with the EquityZen Growth Opportunity Fund VII, and require clients to
sign a risk acknowledgment form prior to participating in the investment.
C. If our firm or a related person invests in the same securities (or related securities, e.g., warrants,
options or futures) that our firm or a related person recommends to clients, we are required to
describe our practice and discuss the conflicts of interest this presents and generally how we
address the conflicts that arise in connection with personal trading.
Related persons of our firm may buy or sell securities and other investments that are also
recommended to clients. In order to minimize this conflict of interest, our related persons will
place client interests ahead of their own interests and adhere to our firm’s Code of Ethics, a copy
of which is available upon request.
D. If our firm or a related person recommends securities to clients, or buys or sells securities for
client accounts, at or about the same time that you or a related person buys or sells the same
securities for our firm’s (or the related person's own) account, we are required to describe our
practice and discuss the conflicts of interest it presents. We are also required to describe
generally how we address conflicts that arise.
See Item 11A of this brochure. Related persons of our firm may buy or sell securities for themselves
at or about the same time they buy or sell the same securities for client accounts. In order to
minimize this conflict of interest, our related persons will place client interests ahead of their own
interests and adhere to our firm’s Code of Ethics, a copy of which is available upon request. Further,
our related persons will refrain from buying or selling the same securities prior to buying or selling
for our clients on the same day. If related persons’ accounts are included in a block trade, our related
persons will always trade personal accounts last.
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Item 12: Brokerage Practices
A. Description of the factors that we consider in selecting or recommending broker-dealers for
client transactions and determining the reasonableness of their compensation (e.g.,
commissions).
We seek to recommend a custodian/broker who will hold your assets and execute transactions
on terms that are overall most advantageous when compared to other available providers and
their services.
We consider a wide range of factors, including, among others, these:
• Ability to maintain the confidentiality of trading intentions
• Timeliness of execution
• Timeliness and accuracy of trade confirmations
• Liquidity of the securities traded
• Willingness to commit capital
• Ability to place trades in difficult market environments
• Research services provided
• Ability to provide investment ideas
• Execution facilitation services provided
• Record keeping services provided
• Custody services provided
• Frequency and correction of trading errors
• Ability to access a variety of market venues
• Expertise as it relates to specific securities
• Financial condition
• Business reputation
With this in consideration, our firm recommends Charles Schwab & Co., Inc. (“Schwab”), Fidelity
Investments (“Fidelity”), MTG, LLC dba Betterment Securities (“Betterment Securities”), Altruist
Financial LLC (“Altruist”), registered broker-dealers and members of the SIPC, as custodians for
client accounts. Schwab, Fidelity, Betterment Securities, and Altruist are independent and
unaffiliated SEC-registered broker-dealers. Schwab, Fidelity, Betterment Securities, or Altruist will
hold your assets in a brokerage account and buy and sell securities when we and/or you instruct
them to do so. While we recommend that you use Schwab, Fidelity, Betterment Securities, and/or
Altruist as a custodian/broker, you will decide whether to do so and will open your account with the
selected custodian/broker by entering into an account agreement directly with them. We do not
open the account for you, although we may assist you in doing so.
For our clients’ accounts maintained at Betterment Securities, Betterment Securities does not charge
you separately for custody/brokerage services, but is compensated as part of the Betterment for
Advisors (defined below) platform fee, which is charged for a suite of platform services, including
custody, brokerage, and sub-advisory services provided by Betterment and access to the Betterment
for Advisors platform. The platform fee is an asset-based fee charged as a percentage of assets in
your Betterment account. Clients utilizing the Betterment for Advisors platform may pay a higher
aggregate fee than if the investment management, brokerage and other platform services are
purchased separately. Nonetheless, for those clients participating in the Betterment for Advisors
platform, we have determined that having Betterment Securities execute trades is consistent with
our duty to seek “best execution” of your trades. Best execution means the most favorable terms for
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a transaction based on all relevant factors, including those listed above (see “How we select
brokers/custodians”).
1. Research & Other Soft Dollar Benefits. If we receive non-soft dollar research or other products
or services other than execution from a broker-dealer or a third party in connection with
client securities transactions (“soft dollar benefits”), we are required to disclose our practices
and discuss the conflicts of interest they create. Please note that we must disclose all soft
dollar benefits we receive, including, in the case of research, both proprietary research
(created or developed by the broker-dealer) and research created or developed by a third
party.
Schwab, Fidelity, Betterment, and Altruist may make certain research and brokerage services
available at no additional cost to our firm. These services may be directly from independent
research companies, as selected by our firm (within specific parameters). Research products
and services provided by Schwab, Fidelity, Betterment, and Altruist may include research
reports on recommendations or other information about, particular companies or industries;
economic surveys, data and analyses; financial publications; portfolio evaluation services;
financial database software and services; computerized news and pricing services; quotation
equipment for use in running software used in investment decision-making; and other products
or services that provide lawful and appropriate assistance by Schwab, Fidelity, Betterment, and
Altruist to our firm in the performance of our investment decision-making responsibilities.
Betterment Securities serves as broker-dealer to Betterment for Advisors, an investment and
advice platform serving independent investment advisory firms like us (“Betterment for
Advisors”). Betterment for Advisors also makes available various support services which may
not be available to Betterment’s retail customers. Some of those services help us manage or
administer our clients’ accounts, while others help us manage and grow our business.
Betterment for Advisors’ support services are generally available on an unsolicited basis (we
don’t have to request them) and at no charge to us. Following is a more detailed description
of Betterment for Advisors’ support services:
1. Services That Benefit You: Betterment for Advisors includes access to a globally
diversified, low-cost portfolio of ETFs, execution of securities transactions, and custody
of client assets through Betterment Securities. In addition, a series of model portfolios
created by third-party providers are also available on the platform. Betterment
Securities’ services described in this paragraph generally benefit you and your account.
2. Services That May Not Directly Benefit You: Betterment for Advisors also makes available
to us other products and services that benefit us, but may not directly benefit you or your
account. These products and services assist us in managing and administering our clients’
accounts, such as software and technology that may:
– Assist with back-office functions, recordkeeping, and client reporting of our clients’
accounts.
– Provide access to client account data (such as duplicate trade confirmations and account
statements).
– Provide pricing and other market data.
3. Services That Generally Benefit Only Us: By using Betterment for Advisors, we may be
offered other services intended to help us manage and further develop our business
enterprise. These services include:
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– Consulting (including through webinars) on technology and business needs.
– Access to publications and conferences on practice management and business
succession.
a. Explanation of when we use client brokerage commissions (or markups or markdowns)
to obtain research or other products or services, and how we receive a benefit because
our firm does not have to produce or pay for the research, products or services.
We do not use client brokerage commissions to obtain research or other products or
services. The aforementioned research and brokerage services are used by our firm to
manage accounts for which we have investment discretion. Without this arrangement,
our firm might be compelled to purchase the same or similar services at our own expense.
b. Incentive to select or recommend a broker-dealer based on our interest in receiving the
research or other products or services, rather than on our clients’ interest in receiving
best execution.
As a result of receiving the services discussed in 12A.1, we may have an incentive to continue
to use or expand the use of Fidelity, Schwab, Betterment Securities, and/or Altruist for their
services. Our firm examined this potential conflict of interest when we chose to establish
relationships with Schwab, Fidelity, Betterment Securities, and Altruist. We have
determined that the relationships are in the best interest of our firm’s clients and satisfy our
fiduciary obligations, including our duty to seek best execution.
Schwab, Fidelity, Betterment Securities, and Altruist charge brokerage commissions and
transaction fees for effecting certain securities transactions (i.e., transaction fees are
charged for certain no-load mutual funds, commissions are charged for individual equity
and debt securities transactions).
Schwab, Fidelity, Betterment Securities, and Altruist enable us to obtain many no-load
mutual funds without transaction charges and other no-load funds at nominal transaction
charges. Schwab, Fidelity, Betterment Securities, and Altruist commission rates are
generally discounted from customary retail commission rates. However, the commission
and transaction fees charged by Schwab, Fidelity, Betterment Securities, or Altruist may be
higher or lower than those charged by other custodians and broker-dealers.
c. Causing clients to pay commissions (or markups or markdowns) higher than those
charged by other broker-dealers in return for soft dollar benefits (known as paying-up).
Our clients may pay a commission to Schwab, Fidelity, Betterment Securities, or Altruist
that is higher than another qualified broker dealer might charge to effect the same
transaction where we determine in good faith that the commission is reasonable in
relation to the value of the brokerage and research services received In seeking best
execution, the determinative factor is not the lowest possible cost, but whether the
transaction represents the best qualitative execution, taking into consideration the full
range of a broker-dealer’s services, including the value of research provided, execution
capability, commission rates, and responsiveness. Accordingly, although we will seek
competitive rates, to the benefit of all clients, we may not necessarily obtain the lowest
possible commission rates for specific client account transactions. Schwab, Fidelity, and
Altruist do not charge transaction fees for U.S. listed equities and exchange traded funds.
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d. Disclosure of whether we use soft dollar benefits to service all of our clients’ accounts or
only those that paid for the benefits, as well as whether we seek to allocate soft dollar
benefits to client accounts proportionately to the soft dollar credits the accounts
generate.
We no longer receive soft dollar benefits in excess of what is allowed by Section 28(e) of
the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. The safe harbor research products and services
obtained by our firm will generally be used to service all of our clients but not necessarily
all at any one particular time.
e. Description of the types of products and services our firm or any of our related persons
acquired with client brokerage commissions (or markups or markdowns within our last
fiscal year.
We do not acquire client brokerage commissions (or markups or markdowns).
f. Explanation of the procedures we used during our last fiscal year to direct client
transactions to a particular broker-dealer in return for soft dollar benefits we received.
We do not direct client transactions to a particular broker-dealer in return for soft dollar
benefits.
2. Brokerage for Client Referrals. If we use client brokerage to compensate or otherwise reward
brokers for client referrals, we must disclose this practice, the conflicts of interest it creates,
and any procedures we used to direct client brokerage to referring brokers during the last
fiscal year (i.e., the system of controls used by us when allocating brokerage).
Our firm does not receive brokerage for client referrals.
3. Directed Brokerage.
a.
If we routinely recommend, request or require that a client directs us to execute
transactions through a specified broker-dealer, we are required to describe our practice
or policy. Further, we must explain that not all advisers require their clients to direct
brokerage. If our firm and the broker-dealer are affiliates or have another economic
relationship that creates a material conflict of interest, we are further required to
describe the relationship and discuss the conflicts of interest it presents by explaining
that through the direction of brokerage we may be unable to achieve best execution of
client transactions, and that this practice may cost our clients more money.
We routinely recommend that a client direct us to execute the purchase or sale of
securities through Schwab, Fidelity, Betterment Securities, or Altruist. Each client will
generally be required to establish their account(s) with Schwab, Fidelity, Betterment
Securities, or Altruist if they have not already done so. Please note that not all advisers have
this requirement. However, neither we nor any of our firm’s related persons have
discretionary authority in making the final determination of the brokers with whom
orders for the purchase or sale of securities are placed for execution, and the commission
rates at which such securities transactions are effected.
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Ritholtz Wealth Management
b. Permissibility of Client-Directed Brokerage.
We may allow clients to direct brokerage outside our recommendation. However, we may
be unable to achieve the most favorable execution of client transactions. Client directed
brokerage may cost clients more money. For example, in a directed brokerage account,
you may pay higher brokerage commissions because we may not be able to aggregate
orders to reduce transaction costs, or you may receive less favorable prices.
Discussion of whether, and under what conditions, we aggregate the purchase or sale of securities
for various client accounts in quantities sufficient to obtain reduced transaction costs (known as
bunching). If we do not bunch orders when we have the opportunity to do so, we are required to
explain our practice and describe the costs to clients of not bunching.
We perform investment management services for various clients. There are occasions on which
portfolio transactions may be executed as part of concurrent authorizations to purchase or sell the
same security for numerous accounts served by our firm, which involve accounts with similar
investment objectives. Although such concurrent authorizations potentially could be either
advantageous or disadvantageous to any one or more particular accounts, they are affected only
when we believe that to do so will be in the best interest of the effected accounts. When such
concurrent authorizations occur, the objective is to allocate the executions in a manner which is
deemed equitable to the accounts involved. In any given situation, we attempt to allocate trade
executions in the most equitable manner possible, taking into consideration client objectives,
current asset allocation and availability of funds using price averaging, proration and consistently
non-arbitrary methods of allocation.
Item 13: Review of Accounts or Financial Plans
A. Review of client accounts or financial plans, along with a description of the frequency and nature
of our review, and the titles of our employees who conduct the review.
We review accounts for our Comprehensive Portfolio Management, Good Advice, Liftoff, and
Retirement Plan Consulting clients on at least an annual basis. The nature of these reviews is to
learn whether clients’ accounts are in line with their investment objectives, appropriately
positioned based on market conditions, and investment policies, if applicable. Only our Financial
Advisors or Portfolio Managers will conduct reviews.
Good Advice and Liftoff clients are encouraged to review their accounts through the online
platform on a regular basis and notify our firm or their money manager of any changes in their
financial situation.
B. Review of client accounts on other than a periodic basis, along with a description of the factors
that trigger a review.
We may review client accounts more frequently than described above. Among the factors which
may trigger an off-cycle review are major market or economic events, the client’s life events,
requests by the client, etc.
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C. Description of the content and indication of the frequency of written or verbal regular reports we
provide to clients regarding their accounts.
We generally do not provide written reports to clients, unless asked to do so. Verbal reports to
clients take place on at least an annual basis when we contact clients who subscribe to our
Comprehensive Portfolio Management, Good Advice, and Liftoff services.
College Financial Planning clients do not receive written or verbal updated reports regarding
their plans unless they choose to engage our firm for ongoing services.
Item 14: Client Referrals & Other Compensation
A. If someone who is not a client provides an economic benefit to our firm for providing investment
advice or other advisory services to our clients, we must generally describe the arrangement. For
purposes of this Item, economic benefits include any sales awards or other prizes.
Schwab:
We receive an economic benefit from Schwab in the form of the support products and services it
makes available to us and other independent investment advisors whose clients maintain their
accounts at Schwab. We benefit from the products and services provided because the cost of these
services would otherwise be borne directly by us, and this creates a conflict. You should consider
these conflicts of interest when selecting a custodian. These products and services, how they
benefit us, and the related conflicts of interest are described above in Item 12: Brokerage
Practices.
Fidelity:
We do not have anything to disclose in this regard.
Betterment:
The availability of the services from Betterment for Advisors benefits us because we do not have
to produce or purchase them. In addition, we do not have to pay for Betterment Securities’
services. These services may be contingent upon us committing a certain amount of business to
Betterment Securities in assets in custody. We may have an incentive to recommend that you
maintain your account with Betterment Securities, based on our interest in receiving Betterment
for Advisors and Betterment Securities’ services that benefit our business rather than based on
your interest in receiving the best value in custody services and the most favorable execution of
your transactions. This is a potential conflict of interest. We believe, however, that our selection
of Betterment Securities as custodian and broker is in the best interests of our clients. Our
selection is primarily supported by the scope, quality, and price of Betterment Securities’ services
(see “How we select brokers/custodians”) and not Betterment for Advisors and Betterment
Securities’ services that benefit only us or that may not directly benefit you.
Altruist:
We do not have anything to disclose in this regard.
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EquityZen:
Our firm has a referral arrangement with EquityZen, which is an online platform for trading pre-
IPO employee shares from privately held companies. EquityZen will pay our firm 50% of the
management fee charged by EquityZen to our firm’s clients if we invest at least $3,000,000 of our
client’s assets in the EquityZen Growth Opportunity Fund VII. We therefore have an incentive to
advise clients to invest in the EquityZen Growth Opportunity Fund VII because EquityZen may
share revenue that they earn with us. In order to help mitigate this conflict of interest, our firm
will only recommend that high net worth clients invest in the EquityZen Growth Opportunity
Fund VII when appropriate and if they are willing to risk the loss of the entire amount invested.
Additionally, we will notify clients of the conflict, discuss the specific risks associated with the
EquityZen Growth Opportunity Fund VII, and require clients to sign a risk acknowledgment form
prior to participating in the investment.
B. If our firm or a related person directly or indirectly compensates any person who is not our
employee for client referrals, we are required to describe the arrangement and the compensation.
In accordance with Rule 206 (4)-1 of the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, our firm does not
provide cash or non-cash compensation directly or indirectly to unaffiliated persons for
testimonials or endorsements (which include client referrals).
Item 15: Custody
Deduction of Advisory Fees
All of our clients receive at least quarterly account statements directly from their custodians. Upon
opening an account with a qualified custodian on a client's behalf, we promptly notify the client in
writing of the qualified custodian's contact information. If we decide to also send account statements
to clients, such notice and account statements include a legend that recommends that the client
compare the account statements received from the qualified custodian with those received from our
firm.
Affiliated Accounting and Tax Planning Services – RWM Tax LLC
Clients needing assistance with tax preparation and/or accounting services may be referred to our
affiliate, RWM Tax LLC, to work with a licensed Certified Public Accountant. RWM Tax LLC may
provide bill pay services and/or access client accounts in order to submit tax payments in accordance
with an engagement letter executed between RWM Tax LLC and the client. As a result of this
arrangement, we are deemed to have custody of any of our firm’s client accounts accessed by our
affiliate. The client funds and securities for which our firm has custody are verified by actual
examination at least once during each calendar year by an independent public accountant (“IPA”)
registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (“PCAOB”), at a time that is chosen
by the accountant without prior notice or announcement to our firm and that is irregular from year
to year.
Third Party Money Movement
The SEC issued a no‐action letter (“Letter”) with respect to the Rule 206(4)‐2 (“Custody Rule”) under
the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 (“Advisers Act”). The letter provided guidance on the Custody
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Ritholtz Wealth Management
Rule as well as clarified that an adviser who has the power to disburse client funds to a third party
under a standing letter of authorization (“SLOA”) is deemed to have custody. As such, our firm has
adopted the following safeguards in conjunction with our custodians:
• The client provides an instruction to the qualified custodian, in writing, that includes the
client’s signature, the third party’s name, and either the third party’s address or the third
party’s account number at a custodian to which the transfer should be directed.
• The client authorizes the investment adviser, in writing, either on the qualified custodian’s
form or separately, to direct transfers to the third party either on a specified schedule or from
time to time.
• The client’s qualified custodian performs appropriate verification of the instruction, such as
a signature review or other method to verify the client’s authorization, and provides a
transfer of funds notice to the client promptly after each transfer.
• The client has the ability to terminate or change the instruction to the client’s qualified
custodian.
• The investment adviser has no authority or ability to designate or change the identity of the
third party, the address, or any other information about the third party contained in the
client’s instruction.
• The investment adviser maintains records showing that the third party is not a related party
of the investment adviser or located at the same address as the investment adviser.
• The client’s qualified custodian sends the client, in writing, an initial notice confirming the
instruction and an annual notice reconfirming the instruction.
We encourage our clients to raise any questions with us about the custody, safety or security of their
assets. The custodians we do business with will send you independent account statements listing
your account balance(s), transaction history and any fee debits or other fees taken out of your
account.
Item 16: Investment Discretion
Clients provide our firm with investment discretion on their behalf, pursuant to an executed
investment advisory client agreement. By granting investment discretion, we are authorized to
execute securities transactions, which securities are bought and sold, the total amount to be bought
and sold, and the costs at which the transactions will be affected. Should clients grant our firm non-
discretionary authority, our firm would be required to obtain the client’s permission prior to
effecting securities transactions. Limitations may be imposed by the client in the form of specific
constraints on any of these areas of discretion with our firm’s written acknowledgement.
Item 17: Voting Client Securities
Proxy Voting Authority
We do not and will not accept the proxy authority to vote client securities. Clients will receive proxies
or other solicitations directly from their custodian or a transfer agent. In the event that proxies are
sent to our firm, we will forward them on to you and ask the party who sent them to mail them
directly to you in the future. Clients may call, write or email us to discuss questions they may have
about particular proxy votes or other solicitations.
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Item 18: Financial Information
We are not required to provide financial information in this Brochure because: We do not require the
prepayment of more than $1,200 in fees and six or more months in advance. We do not have a
financial condition or commitment that impairs our ability to meet contractual and fiduciary
obligations to clients. We have never been the subject of a bankruptcy proceeding.
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