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Item 1 – Cover Page
TrueNorth Wealth & Impact, LLC
Form ADV Part 2A Brochure
November 10, 2025
This Brochure provides information about the qualifications and business practices of TrueNorth
Wealth & Impact, LLC. You should review this brochure to understand your relationship with
our firm and help you determine to hire or retain us as your investment adviser. If you have any
questions about the contents of this brochure, please contact us at (417) 434-9400. The
information in this Brochure has not been approved or verified by the United States of America
Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) or by any state securities authority.
Additional information about TrueNorth Wealth & Impact also is available on the SEC’s
website at www.adviserinfo.sec.gov. You can search this site by our firm name or by using a
unique identifying number, known as a CRD number. The CRD number for TrueNorth Wealth
& Impact is 321238.
TrueNorth Wealth & Impact is a registered investment adviser. Registration of an investment
adviser does not imply any level of skill or training.
4037 Gateway Drive, Joplin, MO 64804
(417) 434-9400
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Item 2 – Material Changes
This section of the brochure discusses specific material changes that have been made to the brochure
since the firm’s last annual update in March 2025. Below is a summary of those changes:
Item 12 – Brokerage Practices
•
Effective October 1, 2025, through March 31, 2026 (or beyond if the program is extended),
TradePMR is offering an asset match program to clients of TrueNorth Wealth & Impact on
new funds and investments transferred into an advisory account managed by TrueNorth
Wealth & Impact on the TradePMR brokerage platform. Please refer to Item 12 of this
brochure for important information related to TradePMR’s asset match program.
We will provide you with a Summary of Material Changes made to this brochure annually at no
cost. You may receive an updated copy of this brochure at any time by contacting us at (417) 434-
9400.
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Item 3 -Table of Contents
Item 1 – Cover Page .................................................................................................................................... 1
Item 2 – Material Changes .......................................................................................................................... 2
Item 3 -Table of Contents ........................................................................................................................... 3
Item 4 – Advisory Business ........................................................................................................................ 4
Item 5 – Fees and Compensation ............................................................................................................... 9
Item 6 – Performance-Based Fees and Side-By-Side Management ....................................................... 13
Item 7 – Types of Clients .......................................................................................................................... 13
Item 8 – Methods of Analysis, Investment Strategies ............................................................................ 13
Item 9 – Disciplinary Information ........................................................................................................... 18
Item 10 – Other Financial Industry Activities and Affiliations ............................................................. 19
Item 11 – Code of Ethics, Participation in Client Transactions and Personal Trading ....................... 19
Item 12 – Brokerage Practices .................................................................................................................. 20
Item 13 – Review of Accounts ................................................................................................................. 23
Item 14 – Client Referrals and Other Compensation ............................................................................. 24
Item 15 – Custody ..................................................................................................................................... 24
Item 16 – Investment Discretion .............................................................................................................. 25
Item 17 – Voting Client Securities............................................................................................................ 25
Item 18 – Financial Information .............................................................................................................. 25
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Item 4 – Advisory Business
About Our Firm
TrueNorth Wealth & Impact, LLC (“TWI”) is a registered investment adviser that provides
investment management and financial advisory services to individual and institutional investors to
help them achieve their financial needs and goals. TWI has been a registered investment adviser
since 2022. The sole shareholders of the firm are Bryan Vowels and Troy Stovern.
Our firm takes pride in providing personalized service to our clients and acknowledges that it is held
to a fiduciary standard of care.
Types of Advisory Services We Offer
TWI offers a variety of investment advisory services to individuals, high net worth individuals,
retirement plans, trusts, estates, family entities, non-profit organizations, foundations, and
businesses/corporations. These services include:
Investment and wealth management
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• Selection of independent managers
• Financial planning and consulting
• Fiduciary and non-fiduciary services for plan sponsors
We work with our clients to determine their investment objectives and risk profile and develop and
execute a customized investment plan based on their individual needs and goals. TWI will utilize
the financial information provided by the client to analyze and develop strategies and solutions to
assist the client in meeting their financial goals. Prior to TWI rendering any of the foregoing
services, clients are required to enter into one or more written advisory agreements with TWI setting
forth the relevant terms and conditions of the advisory relationship.
TWI may recommend other professionals to implement our recommendations or for other types of
services, such as accounting firms, law firms, business consultants, life coaches and bankers. These
additional services offered by another professional are provided at an additional cost to you and are
separate and distinct from TWI’s advisory services. In some cases, this creates a conflict of interest
because we will have an incentive to recommend additional services based on the prospect of cross-
referrals of clients from the other professional or his or her firm.
Investment and Portfolio Management Services
TWI manages our clients’ portfolios on a discretionary and non-discretionary basis. Our investment
and portfolio management services are tailored to the needs of our clients and are based on a
comprehensive understanding of each client’s current situation, past experiences, and future goals.
With this acquired knowledge we create, analyze, strategize, and implement goal-oriented
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investment solutions. These solutions become our clients’ investment policy. This policy and our
matched strategies are designed to be risk appropriate, cost effective and tax efficient.
Our investment and wealth management services generally include a broad range of comprehensive
financial planning and/or consulting services, as well as discretionary and non-discretionary
management of investment portfolios.
Client assets are primarily allocated among individual equity and debt securities, exchange-traded
funds ("ETFs"), mutual funds, and independent investment managers (“Investment Managers”) in
accordance with the client's stated investment objective and risk/volatility parameters. We may also
recommend clients allocate a certain portion of their assets to alternative investments. Where
appropriate, TWI may also provide advice about many types of legacy positions or other
investments held in client portfolios. Clients may also engage TWI to manage and/or advise on
certain investment products that are not maintained at their primary custodian, such as variable life
insurance and annuity contracts and assets held in employer sponsored retirement plans and
qualified tuition plans (i.e., 529 plans). In these situations, typically TWI will direct or make
recommendations on a non-discretionary basis for the allocation of client assets among the various
investment options available with the product. These assets are generally maintained at the
underwriting insurance company or custodian for the plan trustee or administrator and clients retain
responsibility for effecting trades in these accounts.
TWI consults with clients on an initial and ongoing basis to assess their specific risk tolerance, time
horizon, liquidity constraints and other related factors relevant to the management of their
portfolios. You should promptly notify us if there are changes in your financial situation or if you
wish to place any limitations on the management of your account. You may impose reasonable
restrictions or mandates on the management of your account if TWI determines, in our sole
discretion, the conditions will not materially impact the performance of a management strategy or
prove overly burdensome to the firm's management efforts.
To the extent a client’s assets are managed by an Independent Manager or are invested in a
particular fund, those managers and funds will have their own investment practices. Those
investment practices are described in each manager’s Form ADV or fund’s prospectus, or in its
offering or other disclosure documents. In addition, selected money managers or funds typically
have discretion to determine the type, and amount, of securities to be purchased or sold for the
portion of the assets managed by the money manager or fund.
Selection of Independent Managers
As part of our selection of independent managers, we offer:
• Manager due diligence
• Manager search and recommendations
• Monitoring of manager risk and performance
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TWI may select certain Independent Managers to actively manage all or a portion of its clients'
assets. Pursuant to the terms of the investment advisory agreement, TWI shall have the discretion to
appoint and terminate these third-party advisers. The specific terms and conditions under which a
client engages an Independent Manager may also be set forth in a separate written agreement with
the designated Independent Manager. In addition to this brochure, clients will also receive the
written disclosure documents of the respective Independent Managers engaged to manage their
assets. Certain Independent Managers require a separate investment advisory agreement with the
Independent Manager, while others do not. TWI evaluates a variety of information about
Independent Managers, which may include the Independent Managers' public disclosure
documents, materials supplied by the Independent Managers themselves and other third-party
analyses it believes are reputable. To the extent possible, TWI seeks to assess the Independent
Managers' investment strategies, past performance, and risk results in relation to its clients'
individual portfolio allocations and risk exposure. TWI also takes into consideration each
Independent Manager's management style, returns, reputation, financial strength, reporting, pricing,
and research capabilities, among other factors.
Independent Managers utilized by TWI include:
• Unified managed account managers and a mutual fund advisory program available through
Wells Fargo Advisors.
TWI continues to provide services relative to the discretionary or non-discretionary selection of the
Independent Managers. On an ongoing basis, TWI monitors the performance of those accounts
being managed by Independent Managers. TWI seeks to ensure the Independent Managers'
strategies and target allocations remain aligned with clients' investment objectives and overall best
interests.
Financial Planning and Consulting Services
TWI offers different levels of financial planning and consulting services to help our clients identify,
prioritize and work towards their goals and objectives. Our consulting services give our clients the
ability to receive a broad range of financial advice and services, including specific security
recommendations, for the duration of the advisory agreement.
Our process starts with an extensive review of a client's family situation, which includes assets and
liabilities as well as estate, tax, and insurance needs. We then employ a risk tolerance and risk
capacity-focused simulation to get a detailed cash flow analysis and proposed asset allocation.
Together, this information is analyzed to develop a proposed financial plan, which is designed to be
dynamic in nature, ever-evolving due to life changes, along with changes in cash flow needs, risk
tolerance, time horizon, or investment objectives.
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TWI’s financial planning and consulting services may include any of the following topics:
• Liability Management
• Cash Flow Analysis and Forecasting
Investment Consulting
•
• Risk Management
• Distribution Planning
• Trust & Estate Planning
• Tax Planning
• Charitable Giving
Insurance Review
•
• Education Planning
• Next Generation Family
• Business Planning
• Retirement Planning
• Retirement Plan Consulting and
Employee Benefits Analysis
While each of these services is available on a stand-alone basis, certain services may also be
rendered in conjunction with investment portfolio management services as part of a comprehensive
portfolio management engagement. In performing these services, TWI is not required to verify any
information received from the client or from the client's other professionals (e.g., attorneys,
accountants, etc.), and is expressly authorized to rely on such information. TWI may recommend
clients engage the firm for additional related services, such as investment management services.
These additional services are provided at an additional cost to you, which is based on the nature,
extent complexity, and other characteristics of the services. This creates a conflict of interest because
we will have an incentive to recommend additional advisory services based on the compensation
received, rather than solely based on your needs. Implementation of financial planning
recommendations is entirely at your discretion. You have complete freedom in selecting a financial
adviser to assist you with implementing the recommendations made in your financial plan and are
under no obligation to act on the advice of TWI. Financial planning recommendations are of a
generic nature and are not limited to any specific product or service offered by a broker dealer or
insurance company. Should you choose to implement the recommendations contained in the plan,
TWI suggests you work closely with your attorney, accountant and/or insurance agent.
TWI will act solely in our capacity as a registered investment adviser and does not provide any legal,
accounting or tax advice. You should seek the counsel of a qualified accountant and/or attorney
when necessary. As part of our advisory services, we may assist clients with tax loss harvesting and
will work with the client’s tax specialist to answer any questions related to the client’s portfolio. Any
incidental tax discussions on topics, such as required minimum distributions, retirement plan
contributions, etc. should be verified with your tax advisor.
Fiduciary and Non-Fiduciary Services for Plan Sponsors
Retirement plan sponsors may retain our firm to provide advisory and consulting services for plan
assets. Fiduciary services available to plan sponsors include:
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• Reviewing and assisting in the establishment of investment policies and objectives on behalf
of the plan
• Assistance with development of an Investment Policy Statement
• Recommending core investments to be offered to plan participants for selection by the plan
sponsor.
• Recommending investment managers, within the meaning of ERISA Section 3(38), on
behalf of the plan, to be offered as investment options for plan participants.
• Monitoring of the plan’s investments or investment managers in accordance with the plan’s
Investment Policy Statement or other relevant guidelines.
• Assistance with plan design strategies and implementation of new plan design capabilities
and their potential impact on the plan and plan participants.
Non-fiduciary consulting services available to plan sponsors include:
• Educating plan participants on investment options available within the plan.
• Preparation of periodic performance reports for the plan’s investments.
• Assistance with monitoring the reasonableness of the fees and expenses of the plan’s
investments or investment managers in accordance with the plan’s Investment Policy
Statement or other relevant guidelines.
• Benchmarking existing plan service providers to industry peers, and where appropriate,
conducting a search for new providers for the plan sponsor’s consideration and providing our
recommendation.
Portfolio Management Services for Wrap Fee Program
TWI offers portfolio management services through a wrap fee program. A bundled or “wrap fee”
program is an advisory fee program under which you pay one bundled fee to compensate TWI for
portfolio management, transaction costs and custodial services. A wrap fee program may not be the
lowest cost option if you would like to restrict your investments to open-end mutual funds or other
long-term investment products.
Amount of Assets We Manage
As of December 2024, TWI manages approximately $330,017,215 of assets on a discretionary basis
and $102,047,464 of assets on a non-discretionary basis. The firm also has $65,109,949 of assets
under advisement. Discretionary assets under management are those for which we have an ongoing
responsibility to select and make securities recommendations that are in line with your financial
needs and objectives and then effect those securities transactions without first consulting you. Non-
discretionary assets under management are those for which we have an ongoing responsibility to
select and make securities recommendations that are in line with your financial needs and objectives
and then effect those securities transactions only after consulting with you to inform you of the
transaction(s) and obtaining your approval to move forward.
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Item 5 – Fees and Compensation
How We Are Compensated for Our Advisory Services
Our fees vary among the different types of advisory services we offer and may be negotiated at our
sole discretion. The specific fees and manner in which fees are charged and calculated are described
in your investment advisory agreement. You should carefully review the investment advisory
agreement prior to signing it.
Fees for our advisory services may be higher than fees charged by other advisers who offer similar
services. You may be charged different fees than similarly situated clients for the same services. You
should carefully review this brochure to understand the fees and other sources of compensation that
exist among our services prior to entering into an investment advisory contract with our firm.
Investment and Portfolio Management Services
Fees for investment and wealth management services are generally billed in advance each calendar
quarter based on the market value of the assets under management/advisement on the last day of the
previous calendar quarter. The maximum fee for our program is as follows:
Maximum Annual
Advisory Fee
1.5%
Fees may be based on cumulative household assets under management. However, certain ERISA
rules prevent householding corporate plans with personal assets for fee reductions. You should refer
to your advisory agreement for your specific fee rate(s).
For investment and portfolio management services TWI provides to certain clients or for specific
client holdings (e.g., held-away assets, 529 plans, etc.), we may negotiate a fee rate that differs from
our standard fee.
Selection of Other Independent Managers
Fees for other Independent Managers used to manage all or a portion of a client’s account are set
forth by the Independent Manager and may be included in or in addition to TWI’s fees, depending
on the structure of the third-party manager program. You should refer to the Independent Manager’s
Form ADV Part 2A Brochure for information on their fees and compensation.
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Programs Offered Through Wells Fargo Advisors
When utilizing the programs offered by Wells Fargo Advisors, investment management services
are provided by third-party money managers through the Personalized Unified Managed Account
Program and Fundsource Program. Wells Fargo Advisors requires clients to sign an investment
advisory agreement for access to the programs in addition to our investment management
agreement.
Fees for advisory programs offered through Wells Fargo Advisors are as follows:
Program
Program Type
Independent Manager Fee
Maximum TWI
Annual Advisory Fee
1.35%
Unified Managed
Account
Personalized
Unified Managed
Account
Fundsource
1.25%
Refer to Wells Fargo’s
agreement for any Independent
Manager fees applicable on
your account.
Mutual Fund
Advisory Program
For the Personalized Unified Management Account Program, TWI’s advisory fee includes a
platform fee that is paid to Wells Fargo for access to the program and does not include the
Independent Manager’s fees. Wells Fargo calculates and directly debits TWI’s advisory fees and the
third-party managers’ fees from clients’ accounts. The advisory fee and third-party managers’ fees are
listed on the account statement provided to you by the custodian.
The value of assets held in any Wells Fargo Advisor program are included in the amount of total
household assets used to determine TWI’s advisory fees for other assets of a client that are
managed by TWI. You should refer to your advisory agreement for your specific fee rate(s).
Financial Planning and Consulting Services
Fees for financial planning are billed at a fixed rate. Fees are billed either in advance or arrears based
upon the needs of the client. Hourly fees generally range up to $500 per hour. There is no minimum
fee required for financial planning or consulting services; however financial planning and consulting
fees shall generally not exceed $25,000 annually.
Fees for financial planning and consulting services are due and payable as incurred. While financial
planning and consulting services are available on a stand-alone basis, certain services may also be
rendered in conjunction with investment portfolio management services at no additional cost as part
of a comprehensive portfolio management engagement.
Factors we consider when determining our financial planning and consulting fees include, but are
not limited to:
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• The amount of time we expect to spend completing the financial planning or consulting
services and providing related advice
• The complexity of your goals, issues and/or needs
• The extensiveness and complexity of the data needed regarding your personal financial
information
• Your net worth or the value of your investment accounts and/or other assets that are the
subject of the financial planning or consulting services
• Special circumstances related to life changes, marital status, health or special income needs,
or growth or decline of a personal business
TWI may request a retainer to initiate financial planning and consulting services; however, we will
not request the prepayment of fees more than $1,200 in advisory fees more than six months in
advance.
You may engage TWI for additional investment management services to assist with implementing
one or more financial planning recommendations. You will incur additional fees if you retain our
firm for such services. You have complete freedom in selecting an investment adviser to assist you in
implementing any recommendations by TWI and are under no obligation to act upon the advice we
provide.
For consulting services, the investment advisory agreement between TWI and the client will
continue in effect until terminated by either party. For stand-alone financial planning services, the
agreement between TWI and the client will terminate upon delivery of the plan or completion of the
service.
Fiduciary and Non-Fiduciary Services for Plan Sponsors
Fees for retirement plan sponsors are either set at a flat rate or based upon the value of the plan
assets that are the subject of the consulting services and are generally payable in advance or arrears
on a quarterly basis. Fees for one-time projects are payable either upon completion of the project or
half paid upon execution of the agreement with the balance due upon completion of the project. A
graduated fee schedule may be set by the firm for fees based on the value of plan assets, which will
be described in your services agreement.
Payment of Fees
Clients authorize TWI to instruct the account custodian to directly debit fees from the client’s
account. Accounts initiated or terminated during a calendar quarter will be charged a prorated fee.
Fees for our advisory services generally require you to pay investment advisory fees in advance of
receiving services. Any pre-paid, unearned fees will be promptly refunded. If you withdraw or add
more than $250,000 to your account throughout the quarter, advisory fees will be prorated based on
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the number of days in the quarter services were received or the assets were under TWI’s
management.
• For investment and portfolio management services, refunds are calculated by taking the total
advisory fee billed for the calendar quarter, dividing that amount by the number of days in
the calendar quarter and multiplying that amount by the number of days services were not
provided during the calendar quarter.
• For Independent Managers, the Independent Manager determines the manner in which
advisory fees are billed (in advance or arrears). You should refer to the manager’s Form
ADV Part 2A Brochure for additional information on how fees are paid for their services.
• For financial planning and consulting services, refunds are calculated based on the value of
the services that were completed prior to termination of the advisory agreement.
• Fees for fiduciary and non-fiduciary consulting services for plan sponsors are generally
payable in advance or in arrears. For one-time projects that are partly paid upon execution of
the agreement, the amount of the refund is calculated based on the value of the services that
were completed. Any earned, unpaid fees will be due and payable upon termination of the
advisory contract.
Other Types of Fees and Expenses You May Incur
Clients may incur certain charges imposed by custodians, brokers, third-party investments and other
third parties, such as fees charged by Independent Managers, custodial fees, odd-lot differentials,
transfer taxes, wire transfer and electronic fund fees, and other fees and taxes on brokerage accounts
and securities transactions. Decisions to reallocate your account assets may result in you incurring a
redemption fee imposed by one or more mutual funds held in your account. Mutual funds and
exchange traded funds also charge internal management fees, which are disclosed in a fund’s
prospectus. Such charges, fees and commissions are exclusive of and in addition to TWI’s fee. TWI
shall not receive any portion of these commissions, fees, and costs, including any distribution or
“12b-1” fees paid by the mutual funds in which your account assets are invested.
There may be times when another broker-dealer is used to execute fixed-income trades (commonly
referred to as “trading away” or “step out trades”). In instances where TWI has determined it is in
the client’s best interest to utilize another broker-dealer to execute a transaction, the cost of the
transaction will be included in the wrap program fee.
Other Types of Compensation We Receive
TWI has contracted with TradePMR, Inc. (“TradePMR”) for brokerage services, including trade
processing, collection of management fees, marketing assistance and research. Item 12 – Brokerage
Practices further describes the factors that TWI considers in selecting or recommending broker-
dealers for client transactions and determining the reasonableness of their compensation (e.g.,
commissions).
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Item 6 – Performance-Based Fees and Side-By-Side Management
TWI does not charge any performance-based fees or participate in side-by-side management.
Item 7 – Types of Clients
TWI provides portfolio management services to individuals, high net worth individuals, retirement
plans, trusts, estates, family entities, non-profit organizations, foundations, and
businesses/corporations.
TWI generally requires a minimum initial investment of $1,000,000 for investment management
services. The firm, in its sole discretion, will accept clients based upon each client’s particular
circumstances.
Certain Independent Managers may impose more restrictive account requirements than TWI. In
such instances, TWI may alter its corresponding account requirements to accommodate those of the
Independent Managers.
Item 8 – Methods of Analysis, Investment Strategies
Methods of Analysis and Investment Strategies
TWI carefully constructs a risk-adjusted, tax-efficient, and cost-effective asset allocation strategy
based on a client’s unique cash flow needs, stated return and risk profile. Security selection is based
on qualitative, quantitative, technical, and relative strength metrics. Portfolio holdings are constantly
monitored and adjusted as market conditions and our clients’ circumstances dictate. Clients may
hold or retain other types of assets as well and TWI may offer advice regarding those various assets
as part of our services. Advice regarding such assets generally will not involve asset management
services.
TWI predominantly utilizes a combination of active and passive strategies to allocate client assets
primarily among publicly traded securities, such as stocks, bonds, ETFs, mutual funds and/or
separately managed portfolios. Nevertheless, individual client circumstances may dictate the use of
other types of securities, actively managed portfolios, or alternative investments. Depending upon
the client’s financial needs, strategies implemented might include long term purchases (securities
held at least a year), short term purchases (securities sold within a year), margin transactions, and
other securities transactions.
Risk of Loss
Investing in securities involves risk of loss that you should be prepared to bear. All investments
present the risk of loss of principal – the risk that the value of securities (e.g., stocks, mutual funds,
ETFs, bonds, etc.), when sold or otherwise disposed of, may be less than the price paid for the
securities. Even when the value of the securities when sold is greater than the price paid, there is the
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risk that the appreciation will be less than inflation. In other words, the purchasing power of the
proceeds may be less than the purchasing power of the original investment. There is no guarantee
that the investment recommendations made by TWI will be successful. We cannot assure you that
your account will increase, preserve capital, or generate income, nor can we assure that your
investment objectives will be realized. Although all investments involve risk, our investment advice
seeks to limit risk through diversification among various asset classes.
We may recommend a variety of security types for your account in an effort to achieve your
individual needs and goals. This may include, but is not limited to, stocks, bonds, ETFs, open-end
and closed-end mutual funds, hedge funds, private equity funds, venture capital funds, advisory
accounts, real estate investment trusts, or other private alternative or other investment funds. An
investment in such other funds or managers may present risks specific to the particular investment
vehicle, such as long-term illiquidity, redemption notice periods or other restrictions on redemptions,
capital calls, or periodic taxable income distribution.
We may recommend a variety of security types for your account to help you achieve your individual
needs and goals. Described below are the material risks associated with investing in the types of
securities we generally use in client accounts, as well as risks associated with our investment
strategies and methods of analysis and other general risks:
Product Risks
Equity Securities
In general, prices of equity securities (common, convertible preferred stocks and other securities
whose values are tied to the price of stocks, such as rights, warrants and convertible debt securities)
are more volatile than those of fixed-income securities. The prices of equity securities could decline
in value if the issuer’s financial condition declines or in response to overall market and economic
conditions. Investments in smaller companies and mid-size companies may involve greater risk and
price volatility than investments in larger, more mature companies.
Fixed-Income Securities
The return and principal value of bonds fluctuate with changes in market conditions. Fixed-income
securities are subject to interest rate risk and credit quality risk. The market value of fixed-income
securities generally declines when interest rates rise, and an issuer of fixed-income securities could
default on its payment obligations. Changes in interest rates generally have a greater effect on bonds
with longer maturities than on those with shorter maturities. If bonds are not held to maturity, they
may be worth more or less than their original value. Credit risk refers to the possibility that the issuer
of a bond will not be able to make principal and/or interest payments. High yield bonds, also known
as “junk bonds,” carry a higher risk of loss of principal and income than higher rated investment
grade bonds.
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Exchange-Traded Funds (ETFs)
ETFs are typically investment companies that are legally classified as open-end mutual funds or unit
investment trusts. ETFs differ from traditional mutual funds in that ETF shares are listed on a
securities exchange. Shares can be bought and sold throughout the trading day like shares of other
publicly traded companies. ETF shares may trade at a discount or premium to their net asset value.
This difference between the bid price and ask price is often referred to as the “spread.” The spread
varies over time based on the ETF’s trading volume and market liquidity. It is generally lower if the
ETF has high trading volume and market liquidity and higher if the ETF has low trading volume
and market liquidity. Liquidity risks are higher for ETFs with a large spread. ETFs may be closed
and liquidated at the discretion of the issuing company.
Mutual Funds
Mutual funds may invest in different types of securities, such as value or growth stocks, real estate
investment trusts, corporate bonds, or U.S. government bonds. There are risks associated with each
asset class.
An investment in a money market fund is not insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit
Insurance Corporation or any other governmental agency. Although money market funds seek to
preserve the value of your investment at $1.00 per share, it is possible to lose money by investing in
the fund. Redemption is at the current net asset value, which may be more or less than the original
cost. Aggressive growth funds are most suitable for investors willing to accept price per share
volatility since many companies that demonstrate high growth potential can also be high risk.
Income from tax-free mutual funds may be subject to local, state and/or the alternative minimum
tax.
Because each mutual fund owns different types of investments, performance will be affected by a
variety of factors. The value of your investment in a mutual fund will vary from day to day as the
values of the underlying investments in a fund vary. Such variations generally reflect changes in
interest rates, market conditions and other company and economic news. These risks may become
magnified depending on how much a fund invests or uses certain strategies. A fund’s principal
market segment(s), such as large-cap, mid-cap or small-cap stocks, or growth or value stocks may
underperform other market segments or the equity markets as a whole.
You can find additional information regarding these risks in the fund’s prospectus.
International Investing
The risks of investing in foreign securities include loss of value as a result of political or economic
instability; nationalization, expropriation or confiscatory taxation; changes in foreign exchange rates
and foreign exchange restrictions; settlement delays; and limited government regulation (including
less stringent reporting, accounting, and disclosure standards than are required of U.S. companies).
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These risks may be greater with investments in emerging markets. Certain investments utilized by
TWI may also contain international securities.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
A portion of your assets may be invested in cash or cash equivalents to achieve your investment
objective, provide ongoing distributions, and/or take a defensive position. Cash holdings may result
in a loss of market exposure.
Alternative Investments
Alternative investments are illiquid investments and do not trade on a national securities exchange.
Alternative investments typically include investments in direct participation program securities
(partnerships, limited liability companies, business development companies or real estate investment
trusts), commodity pools, private equity, private debt, or hedge funds. Alternative investments are
subject to various risks, such as illiquidity and property devaluation based on adverse economic
and/or real estate market conditions.
Alternative investments are not suitable for all investors. Investors considering an investment
strategy utilizing alternative investments should understand that alternative investments are
generally considered speculative in nature and may involve a high degree of risk, particularly if
concentrating investments in one or few alternative investments. These risks are potentially greater
and substantially different than those associated with traditional equity or fixed income investments.
Additional information regarding these risks can be found in the product’s prospectus or offering
documents.
Investment Strategies Risks
Third-Party Asset Managers
TWI may recommend or utilize third-party asset managers to manage all or a portion of certain
clients' assets. The success of a third-party manager’s strategies heavily relies on the manager’s
abilities. Billing and valuation methods among third-party managers vary. Managers that utilize
concentrated, non-diversified or sector strategies investing more of their assets in a few holdings
involve additional risks, including share price fluctuations, because of the increased concentration of
investments. The lack of industry diversification may subject investors to increased industry-specific
risks. Clients with assets managed by a third-party manager should thoroughly review the manager’s
Form ADV Brochure or other disclosure document for more information on the manager’s risks.
Security Recommendations in Opposing Directions
TWI advises with regard to customized portfolios to meet individual client needs in accordance with
the client’s IPS. Customization of client portfolios can lead to TWI recommending that certain
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clients buy a security and other clients sell the same security, which can result in material differences
in account performance between clients.
Operational Risks
Business Continuity
TWI's operations could be disrupted by catastrophic events, such as fires, natural disasters, terrorist
attacks, wars or similar emergencies resulting in property damage, network disruptions or prolonged
power outages. Despite having contingency plans and conducting regular tests, it's impossible to
prepare for every potential event. These risks could significantly impact TWI and its operations.
Pandemic Outbreak
Epidemics or pandemics can introduce market and business uncertainties, including market
volatility, business closures, supply chain disruptions, travel restrictions and widespread medical
absences. TWI has policies and procedures to manage these situations; however, the unpredictable
nature of large outbreaks means not all eventualities can be anticipated or addressed. The COVID-
19 pandemic highlighted the importance of having a robust Business Continuity Plan, which allows
TWI personnel to work remotely or on a hybrid office-remote basis. Future incidents might impact
operations differently, including those of TWI, third-party asset managers recommended or utilized
by TWI, product sponsors and key service providers.
Economic and Political Conditions
Economic changes, such as fluctuations in interest rates, inflation, currency values, industry
conditions, competition, technological advancements, trade relations, political events and tax laws,
can adversely affect investment performance. Economic, political and financial conditions, including
military conflicts and sanctions, can cause market volatility, illiquidity and other negative effects.
Economic or political instability, diplomatic issues or disasters in regions where client assets are
invested could harm many kinds of investments. The potential for recession and its impact on
different asset classes is uncertain and beyond TWI's control, with no guarantees that TWI can
predict these developments.
Cybersecurity
TWI and its service providers, counterparts and other market participants rely heavily on
information technology and communications systems. These systems face numerous cybersecurity
threats that can negatively impact clients, despite efforts to mitigate these risks through advanced
technologies, processes and practices aimed at protecting system security and the confidentiality,
integrity and availability of our clients’ information. Unauthorized access, operational disruptions,
data theft or inadvertent disclosure of sensitive information could occur, posing significant risks. A
breach or security failure could lead to data or financial loss and system inaccessibility for clients and
regulatory penalties, reputational damage or additional compliance costs for TWI.
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Custody
TWI is obligated to keep client funds and securities over which it has custody with a qualified
custodian. There is a risk of loss if a custodian faces insolvency, fraud or mismanagement. Cash and
securities held in a brokerage account may exceed Securities Investor Protection Corporation
coverage, which generally protects accounts up to $500,000, including up to $250,000 in cash.
Clients are at risk if a brokerage firm holding their assets fails to fulfill its obligations or faces
distress, potentially impacting your ability to access assets or utilize services. While non-cash assets
held in custody at a bank are typically outside a failed bank’s estate, client accounts could still be
impacted by delays in accessing funds, settling trades or delivering securities due to a bank's failure.
Diversifying custodial relationships may mitigate such risks.
Counterparties
TWI’s clients may face credit and liquidity risks from their dealings with various counterparties.
Should a counterparty fail due to financial distress, recovering assets or funds under contractual
agreements may be delayed or limited. The absence of independent evaluations of counterparties'
financial health and a regulated market can increase potential losses, especially under adverse
market conditions.
Key Persons
TWI’s investment success heavily relies on the experience of its executives. Losing one or more key
individuals could adversely impact investment performance due to diminished strategy
development, opportunity sourcing, relationship leveraging and investment expertise.
Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning
Certain service providers utilized by TWI to service client accounts have artificial intelligence
components, such as our client relationship management system that utilizes artificial intelligence to
summarize client meeting notes. The use of artificial intelligence and machine learning includes
increased risk of data inaccuracies and security vulnerabilities. Due to the rapid advancement of
machine learning technologies, future risks related to artificial intelligence are unpredictable. As a
measure to mitigate these risks to our clients, TWI performs periodic due diligence of our service
providers for assurance that the service providers have appropriate controls in place to protect our
clients’ information and to limit data inaccuracies when artificial intelligence is used by the service
provider.
Item 9 – Disciplinary Information
As a registered investment adviser, TWI is required to disclose all material facts regarding any legal
or disciplinary events that would be material to your evaluation of our firm or the integrity of our
management. TWI has no disciplinary information to report.
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Item 10 – Other Financial Industry Activities and Affiliations
TWI has no other financial industry activities or affiliates.
Item 11 – Code of Ethics, Participation in Client Transactions and Personal
Trading
Our Code of Ethics
TWI is committed to providing investment advice with the utmost professionalism and integrity.
Our firm strives to identify, manage and/or mitigate conflicts of interest and has adopted policies,
procedures, and oversight mechanisms to address conflicts of interest. We have adopted a Code of
Ethics that emphasizes our fiduciary obligation to put client interests first and is designed to ensure
personal securities transactions, activities, and interests of employees will not interfere with the
responsibilities to make decisions in the best interest of clients. All supervised persons of our firm
must acknowledge and comply with our Code of Ethics. We will provide a copy of our Code of
Ethics to any client or prospective client upon request.
Participation in Client Transactions
TWI does not affect principal or agency cross securities transactions for client accounts. TWI also
does not cross trades between client accounts. Principal transactions are generally defined as
transactions where an adviser, acting as principal for its own account or the account of an affiliated
broker-dealer, buys from or sells a security to an advisory client. An agency cross transaction is
defined as a transaction where a person acts as an investment adviser in relation to a transaction in
which the investment adviser, or any person controlled by or under common control with the
investment adviser, acts as broker for both the advisory client and for another person on the other
side of the transaction. Agency cross transactions may arise where an adviser is dually registered as a
broker-dealer or has an affiliated broker-dealer.
Employee Personal Trading
Supervised persons of TWI may purchase or sell the same security that we recommend for
investment in client accounts. This creates a conflict of interest as there is a possibility that
employees of our firm might benefit from market activity by a client in a security held by the
employee. Our Code of Ethics is designed to assure that the personal securities transactions,
activities and interests of the employees of TWI will not interfere with making decisions in the best
interest of advisory clients and implementing such decisions while, at the same time, allowing
employees to invest for their own accounts. Under the Code of Ethics, certain classes of securities
have been designated as exempt transactions, based upon a determination that these would not
materially interfere with the best interests of TWI’s clients. Our Code of Ethics also places
restrictions on our employees’ personal trading activities. These restrictions include, but are not
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limited to, a prohibition on trading based on non-public information and pre-clearance requirements
for certain types of transactions. Employee trading is continually monitored under the Code of
Ethics in an effort to prevent conflicts of interest between TWI and our clients.
Certain affiliated accounts may trade in the same securities with client accounts on an aggregated
basis when consistent with TWI’s obligation of best execution. In such circumstances, the affiliated
and client accounts will share commission costs equally and receive securities at a total average
price. TWI will retain records of the trade order (specifying each participating account) and its
allocation, which will be completed prior to the entry of the aggregated order. Completed orders will
be allocated as specified in the initial trade order. Partially filled orders will be allocated on a pro
rata basis. Any exceptions will be explained on the order.
Item 12 – Brokerage Practices
Selection and Recommendation of Broker-Dealers
Though TWI recommends brokers with which we have negotiated pricing on behalf of our clients,
we do not have discretionary authority to select brokers. We endeavor to recommend broker-dealers
that will provide the best services at the lowest commission rates possible. The reasonableness of
commissions is based on the broker's ability to provide professional services, competitive
commission rates, research and other services that will help our firm provide investment
management services to clients. TWI may recommend brokers who provide useful research and
securities transaction services even though a lower commission may be charged by a broker who
offers no research services and minimal securities transaction assistance.
We have negotiated competitive pricing and services with TradePMR, Inc. (“TradePMR) for
brokerage back-office and trade execution services. TradePMR clears trades and custodies assets at
First Clearing Corp. (“FCC”). First Clearing Corp. is a trade name used by Wells Fargo Clearing
Services, LLC., a non-bank affiliate of Wells Fargo & Company. TradePMR and FCC are members
of SIPC and are unaffiliated registered broker-dealers and FINRA members. The brokerage
commissions and/or transaction fees charged by the broker-dealer are included in TWI’s advisory
fee. TWI regularly reviews the reasonableness of the compensation received by the broker-dealers
used for executing client transactions in an effort to ensure that our clients receive favorable
execution consistent with our fiduciary duty. Factors which TWI considers in recommending
broker-dealers to clients include, but is not limited to, their respective financial strength, reputation,
execution, pricing, research, and service. The commissions and/or transaction fees charged by these
brokers may be higher or lower than those charged by other broker-dealers.
The commissions paid by TWI’s clients are intended to be consistent with our duty to obtain “best
execution.” However, a client may pay a commission that is higher than what another qualified
broker-dealer might charge to affect the same transaction when TWI determines, in good faith, that
the commission is reasonable in relation to the value of the brokerage and research services received.
In seeking best execution, the determinative factor is not the lowest possible cost, but whether the
transaction represents the best qualitative execution, taking into consideration the full range of a
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broker-dealer’s services, including among others, execution capability, commission rates, and
responsiveness. There may be times when another broker-dealer is used to execute fixed-income
trades (commonly referred to as “trading away” or “step out trades”). In instances where TWI has
determined it is in the client’s best interest to utilize another broker-dealer to execute a transaction,
the cost of the transaction will be included in the wrap program fee. Consistent with the foregoing,
while TWI will seek competitive rates, it may not necessarily obtain the lowest possible commission
rates for client transactions.
Independent Managers selected to manage clients' assets will generally also request the discretion to
select brokers and negotiate commissions on behalf of a client. TWI will not have control over
trading execution by such managers. Clients should review the Form ADV disclosure documents of
such managers regarding their trading practices.
TradePMR Asset Match Program
Effective October 1, 2025, through March 31, 2026 (or beyond if the program is extended),
TradePMR is offering an asset match program to clients of TWI on new funds and investments
transferred into an advisory account managed by TWI on the TradePMR brokerage platform. All
securities and options available to trade on the TradePMR brokerage platform are eligible for the
asset match. Non-eligible securities and products include private placements, mutual funds held
directly with the fund company and are not listed on an exchange, unlisted interval and closed end
funds, restricted securities not available for public trading, swaps and other over-the-counter
derivatives, control shares, annuities, and any securities not held in an account on the TradePMR
brokerage platform. The asset match offer does not apply to qualified plans and 529 accounts or
transfers from other accounts held at Wells Fargo Clearing Services, Wells Fargo Advisors Financial
Network or Wells Fargo Securities.
The asset match offer is 0.5% of the value of deposits into an advisory account managed by TWI on
the TradePMR brokerage platform and is subject to a five-year earn-out period. The asset match will
be earned if, on the 10th day of the calendar month following the month in which a deposit is made,
no portion of the deposit has been withdrawn. If any portion or all of the deposit is withdrawn prior
to the 10th day of the calendar month following the month in which the deposit was made, the
match on that portion withdrawn will not be earned. The asset match may have tax implications
depending on your account type and circumstances.
Certain limitations apply to the asset match program offered by TradePMR, such as an early
removal fee if any assets are transferred out, withdrawn or distributed from an account receiving the
asset match that causes the value of the account to be less than the value of the assets deposited into
the account during a five (5) year period starting on the calendar day the asset match is credited to
the account. It is important for clients of TWI to review and understand the limitations of
TradePMR’s asset match program, which can be found on TradePMR’s website at TradePMR's
Asset Match Program Terms and Conditions.
The asset match program is being offered by TradePMR, as the introducing broker-dealer for TWI’s
client accounts. In no way is TWI involved in the offering of the asset match program, nor does
TWI’s recommendation to use TradePMR for brokerage services constitute an endorsement of or
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recommendation to participate in the asset match program. You should be aware that the more
assets there are in your account, the more you will pay in fees to TWI, which creates an incentive for
TWI to recommend or encourage you to increase the assets in your account. Further, the early
removal fee under the asset match program presents a conflict of interest between TWI and our
clients. As a fiduciary, TWI is required to act in the best interest of our clients and seek to obtain the
best price and execution for clients’ securities transactions. It is TWI’s policy to conduct a best
execution review, at least annually, of the broker-dealers we recommend to clients to evaluate the
broker’s brokerage and execution practices. If at any point in the future TWI determines TradePMR
no longer provides competitive and quality brokerage services, we may recommend another broker-
dealer to our clients, which could result in a client participating in the asset match program to pay an
early removal fee to TradePMR if assets are transferred out of an advisory account on the
TradePMR brokerage platform. TWI will mitigate this conflict of interest by adhering to our
fiduciary duty to seek to achieve best execution for our clients in a manner that the full range of and
quality of a broker’s services to the client is the most favorable under the circumstances and putting
our clients’ best interest first.
For more information on TradePMR’s asset match program, please refer to TradePMR’s website at
TradePMR's Asset Match Program Terms and Conditions.
Products & Services Available to Us from Broker-Dealers
The broker-dealers and custodians we recommend to clients provide TWI with access to institutional
trading and custody services, which are typically not available to retail investors. These brokerage
and custodial services include the execution of securities transactions, custody, research, and access
to mutual funds and other investments that are otherwise generally available only to institutional
investors or would require a significantly higher minimum initial investment. Other benefits we may
receive include receipt of duplicate client confirmations and bundled duplicate statements; access to
a trading desk that exclusively services its participants; access to block trading, which provides the
ability to aggregate securities transactions and then allocate the appropriate shares to client accounts;
and access to an electronic communication network for client order entry and account information.
TWI also receives other services from broker-dealers (or third-party vendors with which they do
business) to help us manage and further develop our business enterprise. These services include
educational conferences and events; due diligence meetings; technology, compliance, legal,
marketing and business consulting; publications and conferences on practice management and
business succession; and access to employee benefits providers, human capital consultants and
insurance providers. Fees for these services may be waived, discounted or compensated by the
broker-dealer. Irrespective of these direct and indirect benefits to our clients, we strive to enhance
our clients’ experience and always put the needs of our clients first. Research and Other Soft
Dollar Benefits
TWI does not participate in soft-dollar relationships.
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Brokerage for Client Referrals
When recommending broker-dealers for the execution of client securities transactions, TWI does not
consider whether we will receive any client referrals from the broker-dealer or any other third-party.
Directed Brokerage
As TWI will not request the discretionary authority to determine the broker-dealer to be used or the
commission rates to be paid, clients must direct TWI as to the broker-dealer to be used. The
commissions and transaction fees charged by these broker-dealers could be higher or lower than
those charged by other custodians and broker-dealers. When directing the use of a particular broker-
dealer, it should be understood that TWI will not have authority to negotiate commissions among
various broker-dealers or obtain volume discounts. As such, best execution may not be achieved.
Not all investment advisers require clients to direct the use of specific broker-dealers.
Aggregation of Orders
TWI will generally block trades where possible and when advantageous to clients. Certain trades
will be effected independently when aggregating the transaction with other client transactions is not
possible or advantageous to clients. The blocking of trades permits the trading of aggregate blocks of
securities composed of assets from multiple client accounts where transaction costs are shared
equally and on a pro-rated basis between all accounts included in the block. Block trading allows us
to execute equity or fixed income trades in a timely, equitable manner and to reduce overall
commission charges to clients. Clients who do not provide TWI with discretion will not participate
in block trades, and their trades in similar securities will be placed with brokers after trades for
discretionary accounts. Accounts owned by supervised persons of our firm may participate in block
trading with your accounts; however, these individuals will not be given preferential treatment of
any kind.
Item 13 – Review of Accounts
Accounts at TWI are reviewed on a periodic basis. This informal review includes assessing client
goals and objectives, monitoring the account, and addressing the need to rebalance, as necessary.
Individual securities held in client accounts are periodically monitored by the firm, while any
selected third-party managers are monitored on a quarterly basis. Accounts are reviewed in the
context of each client’s stated investment objectives and guidelines. More frequent reviews may be
triggered by material changes to a client’s individual circumstances, market conditions, tax law
changes or the political or economic environment.
TWI may also review tax-planning needs, cash-flow needs, as well as charitable giving, insurance,
and estate planning as part of our ongoing client reviews. Reviews are tailored to the services we
provide to you, as well as your individual needs and goals. We encourage you to discuss your needs,
goals, and objectives with us and keep us informed of any changes. If you engage our firm for
ongoing investment advisory services, we will contact you at least annually to determine whether
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there have been any changes to your financial situation or investment objectives and whether you
wish to impose any reasonable restrictions on the management of your account or reasonably
modify any existing restrictions. At this time, we will advise you of any account changes we feel are
necessary to help you stay on track with meeting your financial goals and consider whether the
current services provided by our firm continue to be suitable for your needs.
As a convenience to our clients, in addition to reporting on clients’ financial assets, at a client’s
request we may prepare a performance report for the client’s accounts or a global consolidated report
that may also include certain non-financial assets (e.g., real assets). In such instances, TWI relies on
the client to provide current and accurate price or other valuation information for those assets to be
included in the client’s consolidated account report. In no instance are non-financial assets included
in any performance reporting. TWI does not independently verify, and expressly disclaims
responsibility for, the accuracy of any non-financial asset values clients provided to us to include in
their reporting.
Item 14 – Client Referrals and Other Compensation
Other Compensation Arrangements
TWI receives compensation from the broker-dealer used for your account and your account
custodian in the form of access to electronic systems that assist us in the management of client
accounts, as well as research, software and other technology that provide access to client account
data (such as trade confirmations and account statements), pricing information and other market
data, facilitate trade execution (and allocation of aggregated trade orders for multiple client
accounts), and client reporting capabilities. Your account custodian also offers us discounts for
products and services offered by vendors and third-party service providers, such as software and
technology solutions. These economic benefits create a conflict of interest in that it gives our firm an
incentive to recommend one broker-dealer or custodian over another that does not provide similar
electronic systems, support, or services. We address this conflict of interest by disclosing to our
clients the types of compensation that our firm receives so clients can consider this when evaluating
our firm. It is important that you consider the fees, level of service and investment strategies, among
other factors, when selecting an investment manager.
Client Referrals
TWI does not pay any referral fees to other individuals for referring clients to our firm.
Item 15 – Custody
When you establish a relationship with our firm for investment management services, your assets
will be maintained by a bank, broker -dealer, mutual fund transfer agent or other such institution
deemed a ‘qualified custodian’ by the SEC. We rely on the custodian to price and value assets,
execute and clear transactions, maintain custody of assets in your account and perform other
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custodial functions. TWI does not maintain physical possession of any client account assets. Clients’
assets must be held by a bank, broker dealer, mutual fund transfer agent or other such institution
deemed a qualified custodian. We utilize FCC as the qualified custodian for client accounts.
Nevertheless, TWI is deemed to have custody, pursuant to Rule 206(4)-2 of the Investment Advisers
Act of 1940, as amended, due to its authority over certain accounts to distribute assets subject to a
third-party standing letter of authorization. TWI relies on the SEC No-Action Letter issued to the
Investment Advisers Association, dated February 21, 2017, which provides an exemption from
surprise custody examination by an independent accountant annually.
You will receive monthly and/or quarterly account statements directly from the qualified custodian.
TWI may also provide you with written quarterly performance reports for your account. We urge
you to carefully review your account statements and compare the account balances with the
balances reflected on any performance report you may receive from our firm for accuracy. Balances
on our reports may vary slightly from custodial statements due to differences in accounting
procedures, reporting dates, valuation methodologies of certain securities or other operational
factors. You should promptly notify us if you do not receive account statements from your custodian
at least quarterly or if you believe the information on your account statements is inaccurate.
Item 16 – Investment Discretion
TWI typically has investment discretion over clients’ securities accounts. Investment discretion is the
authority to determine the securities or other assets to purchase or sell on behalf of an account.
Investment discretion may also include the authority to select or terminate a third-party asset
manager. This authority is exercised in a manner consistent with your stated investment objective
for the particular account. You must provide written authorization to our firm before we can assume
discretionary authority over your account. Any investment guidelines or restrictions you would like
to place on your account must be provided to TWI in writing.
Clients that wish to maintain discretion over their accounts should understand that TWI cannot
effect any account transactions without first obtaining your consent.
Item 17 – Voting Client Securities
As a general policy, TWI does not have any authority to and does not vote proxies on behalf of
advisory clients. Clients retain the responsibility for receiving and voting proxies for any and all
securities maintained in client portfolios. TWI may provide advice to clients regarding the clients’
voting of proxies.
Item 18 – Financial Information
As a registered investment adviser, TWI is required to provide you with certain financial
information about our firm.
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Prepayment of Fees
We do not require or solicit prepayment of more than $1,200 in fees per client, six months or more
in advance.
Our Financial Condition
We do not have any financial commitment that is reasonably likely to impair our contractual
commitments to our clients, nor has our firm ever been the subject of a bankruptcy proceeding.
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