Overview
Assets Under Management: $397 million
Headquarters: BRAINTREE, MA
Services Offered
Services: Financial Planning, Portfolio Management for Individuals, Portfolio Management for Institutional Clients, Pension Consulting, Investment Advisor Selection
Fee Structure
Primary Fee Schedule (USFA ADV PART 2A)
| Min | Max | Marginal Fee Rate |
|---|---|---|
| $0 | $500,000 | 2.00% |
| $500,001 | $1,000,000 | 1.80% |
| $1,000,001 | $2,000,000 | 1.60% |
| $2,000,001 | and above | 1.50% |
Illustrative Fee Rates
| Total Assets | Annual Fees | Average Fee Rate |
|---|---|---|
| $1 million | $19,000 | 1.90% |
| $5 million | $80,000 | 1.60% |
| $10 million | $155,000 | 1.55% |
| $50 million | $755,000 | 1.51% |
| $100 million | $1,505,000 | 1.50% |
Clients
Total Client Accounts: 678
Discretionary Accounts: 678
Regulatory Filings
CRD Number: 108763
Filing ID: 1986982
Last Filing Date: 2025-05-19 13:34:00
Website: https://greatvalleyadvisors.com
Form ADV Documents
Additional Brochure: USFA ADV PART 2A (2025-08-15)
View Document Text
US Financial Advisors, LLC
Form ADV Part 2A – Disclosure Brochure
Effective: August 15, 2025
This Form ADV Part 2A (“Disclosure Brochure”) provides information about the qualifications and business
practices of US Financial Advisors, LLC (“USFA” or the “Advisor”). If you have any questions about the contents
of this Disclosure Brochure, please contact us at (302) 483-7200 or by email at
compliance@usfinancialadvisors.com.
USFA is a registered investment advisor with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, located in the
State of Delaware. The information in this Disclosure Brochure has not been approved or verified by the U.S.
Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) or by any state securities authority. Registration of an investment
advisor does not imply any specific level of skill or training. This Disclosure Brochure provides information about
USFA to assist you in determining whether to retain the Advisor.
Additional information about USFA and its advisory persons are available on the SEC’s website at
www.adviserinfo.sec.gov by searching for our firm name or by our CRD# 108763.
US Financial Advisors, LLC
1200 Pennsylvania Ave - Suite 202, Wilmington, DE 19806
Phone: (302) 483-7200 * Fax: (302) 656-1008
Item 2 – Material Changes
Form ADV 2 is divided into two parts: Part 2A (the "Disclosure Brochure") and Part 2B (the "Brochure
Supplement"). The Disclosure Brochure provides information about a variety of topics relating to an Advisor’s
business practices and conflicts of interest. The Brochure Supplement provides information about advisory
personnel of USFA. For convenience, we have combined these documents into a single disclosure document.
USFA believes that communication and transparency are the foundation of its relationship with Clients and will
continually strive to provide its Clients with complete and accurate information at all times. USFA encourages all
current and prospective Clients to read this Disclosure Brochure and discuss any questions you may have with
us. And of course, we always welcome your feedback.
Material Changes
Since the last filing and distribution to Clients in May 2025, the following changes have been made to this Disclosure
Brochure:
1)
Item 1 – Identifying Information – Has been updated to reflect the moving of the Firm’s principal place of
business from Braintree, MA to Wilmington, DE, and the included changes in the Firm’s contact
information.
2)
Item 4 – Advisory Services – Has been updated to reflect the Firm’s ceasing to do business as Napier
Financial, the discontinuation of services connected to the Firm’s former Braintree, MA branch office, and
the material change in the Firm’s AUM resulting from such discontinuation.
3)
Item 5 – Fees and Compensation – Has been updated to reflect the Firm’s discontinuation of business as
Napier Financial noted in Item 4 above. The discontinuation of the Firm’s relationship with its former
Braintree, MA branch office removed certain conflicts of interest that the Firm had previously had.
4)
Item 15 – Custody – Has been updated to accurately reflect the removal of service offerings through
which U.S. Financial Advisors would previously have assumed Custody of Client assets.
Future Changes
From time to time, we may amend this Disclosure Brochure to reflect changes in our business practices, changes
in regulations and routine annual updates as required by the securities regulators. This complete Disclosure
Brochure or a Summary of Material Changes shall be provided to each Client annually and if a material change
occurs.
At any time, you may view the current Disclosure Brochure on-line at the SEC’s Investment Adviser Public
Disclosure website at www.adviserinfo.sec.gov by searching for our firm name or by our CRD# 108763. You
may also request a copy of this Disclosure Brochure at any time, by contacting us at (302) 483-7200 or by email
at compliance@usfinancialadvisors.com.
US Financial Advisors, LLC
1200 Pennsylvania Ave - Suite 202, Wilmington, DE 19806 Phone: (302) 483-7200 * Fax: (302) 656-1008
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US Financial Advisors, LLC
1200 Pennsylvania Ave - Suite 202, Wilmington, DE 19806 Phone: (302) 483-7200 * Fax: (302) 656-1008
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Item 3 – Table of Contents
Contents
Item 2 – Material Changes ............................................................................................................................................. 2
Item 3 – Table of Contents ............................................................................................................................................ 4
Item 4 – Advisory Services ........................................................................................................................................... 5
A. Firm Information .................................................................................................................................................................... 5
B. Advisory Services Offered..................................................................................................................................................... 5
C. Client Account Management ................................................................................................................................................. 8
D. Assets Under Management .................................................................................................................................................. 8
Item 5 – Fees and Compensation ................................................................................................................................. 9
A. Fees for Advisory Services ................................................................................................................................................... 9
B. Fee Billing ........................................................................................................................................................................... 10
C. Other Fees and Expenses .................................................................................................................................................. 10
Item 6 – Performance-Based Fees and Side-By-Side Management ........................................................................ 12
Item 7 – Types of Clients ............................................................................................................................................. 12
Item 8 – Methods of Analysis, Investment Strategies and Risk of Loss ................................................................. 12
A. Methods of Analysis ............................................................................................................................................................ 12
B. Risk of Loss ........................................................................................................................................................................ 15
Item 9 – Disciplinary Information................................................................................................................................ 21
Item 10 – Other Financial Industry Activities and Affiliations .................................................................................. 21
Item 11 – Code of Ethics, Participation or Interest in Client Transactions and Personal Trading ....................... 23
A. Code of Ethics .................................................................................................................................................................... 23
B. Personal Trading with Material Interest ............................................................................................................................... 23
C. Personal Trading in Same Securities as Clients .................................................................................................................. 23
D. Personal Trading at Same Time as Client ........................................................................................................................... 24
Item 12 – Brokerage Practices ................................................................................................................................... 24
A. Recommendation of Custodian[s] ....................................................................................................................................... 24
Item 13 – Review of Accounts .................................................................................................................................... 29
A. Frequency of Reviews ........................................................................................................................................................ 29
B. Causes for Reviews ............................................................................................................................................................ 30
C. Review Reports .................................................................................................................................................................. 30
Item 14 - Client Referrals and Other Compensation ................................................................................................. 30
A. Compensation Received by USFA ...................................................................................................................................... 30
B. Client Referrals from Promoters .......................................................................................................................................... 30
Item 15 – Custody ........................................................................................................................................................ 30
Item 16 – Investment Discretion ................................................................................................................................. 31
Item 17 – Voting Client Securities .............................................................................................................................. 31
Item 18 – Financial Information .................................................................................................................................. 31
US Financial Advisors, LLC
1200 Pennsylvania Ave - Suite 202, Wilmington, DE 19806 Phone: (302) 483-7200 * Fax: (302) 656-1008
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Item 4 – Advisory Services
A. Firm Information
U.S. Financial Advisors, LLC (referred to throughout this document as “U.S. Financial Advisors,” “USFA”, the “firm”,
“us,” and/or “we”), is an investment adviser registered with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission
(“SEC”) and is a limited liability company formed under the laws of the State of Delaware. USFA has been
registered as an investment adviser since October 1998. USFA is owned and controlled by Great Valley Advisor
Group, LLC, an affiliated investment adviser registered with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission..
B. Advisory Services Offered
USFA provides fee-based investment advisory and financial planning services to various types of clients,
including individuals and high-net-worth individuals (which include trusts and estates), and pension and profit
sharing plans, and business entities. The nature and extent of the specific services provided to clients will always
depend on each client’s financial status, objectives and needs, time horizons, concerns, expectations, and risk
tolerance.
Investment Management Services
For its discretionary asset management services, USFA receives a limited power of attorney to effect securities
transactions on behalf of its clients. Clients may grant USFA limited discretionary authority with respect to
advisory client assets, including discretion to select third-party managers on behalf of such USFA advisory
clients. Investment advisory services may be provided on a non-discretionary basis, depending on the agreement
between the client and USFA. USFA recommends securities transactions to its clients that include securities and
strategies as described in Item 8 of this Brochure.
In preparing the asset allocation, USFA will complete a Risk Tolerance Questionnaire with the client to analyze
each client's current investments, investment objectives, goals, age, time horizon, financial circumstances,
investment experience, investment restrictions and limitations, and risk tolerance to make appropriate asset
allocation recommendations and implementation decisions. USFA may engage third-party service providers to
assist with the tax and estate planning portion of the services provided to clients. In addition, USFA may utilize
third-party software to analyze individual security holdings and separate account managers utilized within the
client’s portfolio. USFA will monitor those portfolios and make additional recommendations from time to time to
rebalance and/or reallocate each client's investments.
USFA's investment advisory services to clients are either based on asset allocation models or are customized to
the individual clients’ personal and financial circumstances that take into account a client's personal financial
circumstances, investment objectives, and tolerance for risk (e.g., cash-flow, tax, and estate). USFA's
engagement with a client will include, as appropriate, the following:
• Providing assistance in reviewing the client's current investment portfolio against the client's personal
and financial circumstances as disclosed to USFA in response to a questionnaire and/or in discussions
with the client and reviewed in meetings with USFA.
• Analyzing the client's financial circumstances, investment holdings and strategy, and goals.
• Providing assistance in identifying a targeted asset allocation and portfolio design.
US Financial Advisors, LLC
1200 Pennsylvania Ave - Suite 202, Wilmington, DE 19806 Phone: (302) 483-7200 * Fax: (302) 656-1008
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•
Implementing and/or recommending securities and strategies as described in Item 8 of this Brochure, each
matched to the asset categories in the client's targeted asset allocation for consideration by theclient.
• Reporting to the client at an agreed-upon interval, but no less frequently than annually, information on
contributions and withdrawals in the client's investment portfolio.
• Proposing changes in the client's targeted asset allocation in consideration of changes in the client's
personal circumstances, investment objectives and tolerance for risk, the performance record of any of
the client's investments, and/or the performance of any fund or manager retained by the client.
In addition to providing USFA with information regarding their personal financial circumstances, investment
objectives, and tolerance for risk, clients are required to provide USFA with any reasonable investment
restrictions that should be imposed on the management of their portfolio and to promptly notify USFA of any
changes in such restrictions or in the client's personal financial circumstances, investment objectives, goals, and
tolerance for risk. On a quarterly basis, USFA's reports to clients will remind clients of their obligation to inform
USFA of any such changes or any restrictions that should be imposed on the management of their accounts.
USFA will also contact clients at least annually to determine whether there have been any changes in their
personal financial circumstances, investment objectives, and tolerance for risk.
Investment Consulting Services
USFA provides investment consulting services in the form of oral advice and written recommendations. These
services are somewhat similar to investment management services, except that USFA does not implement any
recommendations nor does USFA have a continuing obligation to monitor these recommendation or holdings
beyond the date of the consultation. Clients signing up for this service must understand that the firm does not
provide ongoing reviews of accounts through this service and information about such accounts is limited to
information provided exclusively by the client. Clients have the sole discretion to accept or reject the firm’s
advice. The client must implement any trades themselves in such accounts because the firm will have no access
to client accounts.
Segmented Plans and Hourly Consultations: Segmented financial planning engagements are
frequently single topic or single goal minded. These are not comprehensive and not designed to be
integrated with all of the client’s other financial matters. Common segmented engagements include
investment reviews, retirement readiness reviews, risk reviews, estate planning, retirement planning,
business planning, education planning, social security planning, a review of an existing investment
portfolio, or other specific topic. USFA also provides specific consultation and administrative services
regarding investment and financial concerns of the client. Additionally, USFA provides advice on non-
securities matters, generally in connection with the rendering of estate planning, insurance, retirement
planning, and/or annuity advice. As many individuals of USFA may be registered as representatives of a
broker-dealer and as insurance agents/brokers of various insurance companies, implementation of
proposals could be limited to only those products for which the individuals are licensed.
Personal Financial Checkup: USFA may offer investment advisory consulting services to clients in the
form of a personal financial “checkup.” The financial checkup is a brief review of the client’s entire
financial situation, with an objective of recognizing issues with cash flow, risk management plan,
investment plan, retirement plan, or estate plan that may need attention or warrant further review by the
client or some other professional. The purpose of the personal financial checkup is to provide a general
overview and analysis of the client’s current financial circumstance and is not intended to be a
comprehensive financial plan. Should more comprehensive financial planning be suggested and agreed
to by the client during the course of the personal financial checkup, the client will enter into a separate
agreement with USFA to provide any additional or more extensive personal financial consulting services
or a comprehensive financial plan.
US Financial Advisors, LLC
1200 Pennsylvania Ave - Suite 202, Wilmington, DE 19806 Phone: (302) 483-7200 * Fax: (302) 656-1008
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Qualified Plan Review: USFA may offer investment advisory consulting services to retirement plans
including pension, profit sharing, and 401(k) plans in the form of a qualified plan review. As part of the
qualified plan review, USFA may provide advice to qualified plan sponsors in the form of a review of the
plan document, plan limitations, contribution allocations, investment policy statements, employee
notifications, and compliance procedures. USFA may consult with the plan sponsor to determine the
plan's investment needs and goals and may assist the plan sponsor with developing an investment
policy statement. USFA may review various investments to determine whether the current investment
options are appropriate to implement the plan's investment policy statement. For pension, profit sharing,
and 401(k) plan clients where there are individual accounts with participants exercising control over
assets in their own accounts ("self- directed plans"), USFA may also provide educational support and
workshops designed for the plan participants. The nature of the topics to be covered will be determined
by USFA and the client under the guidelines established by ERISA Section 404(c).
Financial Planning Services
Comprehensive financial planning involves the review of the client’s cash flow and expenses, risk management
plan, investment plan, retirement plan, and estate plan with an objective of evaluating alternative strategies
integrated with other areas of the client’s financial life to help the client make decisions helpful toward his or her
stated goals. Comprehensive financial planning engagements will integrate with other professionals and
frequently involve matters of family governance and business continuity or succession planning.
Clients purchasing this service will receive a written financial plan providing a detailed plan designed to achieve
the client's stated financial goals and objectives.
In general, the financial plan will address any or all of the following areas of concern:
• Personal: Family records, budgeting, personal liability, estate information, identification and qualification
of financial goals.
• Taxes and Cash Flow: Income tax forecasts and planning, estate tax projections, spending analysis,
and planning for past, current, or future years. USFA may illustrate the impact of various investments
oranticipated life or financial events on a client's current income tax and future tax liability.
• Risk Management, Death and Disability: Cash needs at death, income needs of surviving dependents,
estate planning, disability income analysis, life insurance analysis, long-term care analysis, and a
general risk assessment.
• Retirement Planning: Analysis of current strategies and investment plans to help the client achieve
his/her retirement goals.
•
Investment Management: Analysis of client’s current portfolio and investment alternatives. USFA
gathers information through in-depth personal interviews. Information gathered includes the client’s
current financial status, future goals, and attitude toward risk. Related documents supplied by the client
are carefully reviewed and a written report is prepared. Should the client choose to implement the
recommendations contained in the plan, USFA provides proposals to implement solutions by offering
investment and insurance products. Implementation of financial plan recommendations is entirely at the
client’s discretion.
US Financial Advisors, LLC
1200 Pennsylvania Ave - Suite 202, Wilmington, DE 19806 Phone: (302) 483-7200 * Fax: (302) 656-1008
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Recommendation of Separate Account Managers
USFA may refer clients to affiliated or unaffiliated separate account managers to manage all or a portion of the
client’s investment portfolio. In this regard, USFA provides advice with respect to the retention of separate
account managers as it relates to the client’s individual financial circumstances, risk tolerance, and investment
objectives. Upon selection of a separate account manager, the client will receive such account manager’s Form
ADV Part 2A and 2B brochures with their specific disclosure information.
Client-Tailored Services and Client-Imposed Restrictions
Each client’s account will be managed on the basis of the client’s financial situation and investment objectives,
and in accordance with any reasonable restrictions imposed by the client on the management of the account—for
example, restricting the type or amount of security to be purchased in the portfolio.
C. Client Account Management
Prior to engaging USFA to provide investment advisory services, each Client is required to enter into an
investment advisory agreement with the Advisor that defines the terms, conditions, authority and responsibilities
of the Advisor and the Client. These services may include:
• Establishing an Investment Strategy – USFA, in connection with the Client, may a strategy that seeks to
achieve the Client’s goals and destinations. The strategy is designed to address the Client’s personal
goals, investment goals, and both long-term and short-term objectives.
• Asset Allocation – USFA will develop a strategic asset allocation that is targeted to meet the investment
objectives, time horizon, financial situation and tolerance of risk for each Client.
• Portfolio Construction – USFA will develop a portfolio for the Client that is intended to meet the stated
goals and objectives of the Client.
•
Investment Management and Supervision – USFA will provide investment management and
ongoing oversight of the Client’s relationship’s investment portfolio.
D. Assets Under Management
As of July 21, 2025, USFA manages the following assets:
Assets Under Management
Discretionary Assets
Non-Discretionary Assets
Total
Assets
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
Clients may request more current information at any time by contacting the Advisor.
US Financial Advisors, LLC
1200 Pennsylvania Ave - Suite 202, Wilmington, DE 19806 Phone: (302) 483-7200 * Fax: (302) 656-1008
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Item 5 – Fees and Compensation
The following paragraphs detail the fee structure and compensation methodology for services provided by the
Advisor. Each Client engaging the Advisor for services described herein shall be required to enter into a written
agreement with the Advisor.
A. Fees for Advisory Services
Asset-Based Investment Management Services
Investment advisory fees of USFA are charged based on a percentage of assets under management billed in
advance (at the start of the billing period) on a quarterly basis and calculated based on the fair market value of
the account as of the last business day of the previous billing period. Fees are prorated based on the number of
days service is provided during each billing period. If asset management services are commenced in the middle
of the billing period, the prorated fee for that billing period may be deducted from the account when services
commence. The firm uses LPL as the custodian.
The client will be charged an annual fee in accordance with the applicable fee schedule below. The fees charged
by USFA are based upon the amount of assets under management. Fees charged by USFA will not be based on
the capital gains or the capital appreciation of the client’s account(s). Fees charged to the client may be higher or
lower than fees charged to other clients based on the investment adviser representative providing the services,
the client’s financial situation and circumstances, the amount of assets under management, the strategy or
models used to manage accounts, and the complexity of the services provided.
Investment Advisor Representative Managed Portfolios
Assets Under Management
$0-$500,000
$500,001-$1,000,000
$1,000,001-$2,000,000
Over $2,000,000
Maximum Fee
2.00%
1.80%
1.60%
1.50%
US Financial Advisors, LLC
1200 Pennsylvania Ave - Suite 202, Wilmington, DE 19806 Phone: (302) 483-7200 * Fax: (302) 656-1008
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For separately managed accounts, the client will be charged an additional fee by the Separate Account Manager
(“SAM”) for its services. The SAM will be responsible for collecting its fees from the client via separate written
agreement with the client. This fee is in addition to the fee charged by USFA. The fee charged by the SAM is
based on the total assets allocated to the SAM, which are also included in the calculation of the fee charged by
USFA as described above. Please be advised that the fees for SAM accounts when added to the fees charged
by USFA may be greater than those accounts managed by USFA. As such, it may be more economically
advantageous for clients to select USFA as opposed to a SAM, even though the SAM may provide superior
investment services relative to those provided by USFA.
Fees are negotiable. USFA believes that its annual fee is reasonable in relation to: (i) services provided under
the client agreement, and (ii) the fees charged by other investment advisers offering similar services/programs.
However, USFA’s annual investment advisory fee may be higher than that charged by other investment advisers
offering similar services/programs.
USFA generally requires a minimum account value of $50,000 for accounts it manages on a discretionary basis.
Prospective clients may find comparable services at more favorable pricing elsewhere. Separate account
managers may have different minimum portfolio size requirements; please review the applicable separate
account manager’s ADV Part 2A. In the case of USFA- advised assets, USFA, in its sole discretion, may waive
the required minimum. Please be advised that certain IARs have negotiated with their clients to absorb the
custodian transaction-based fees incurred in the normal course of portfolio management. Clients should
understand that advisors who absorb such fees create a dis-incentive to trade.
A client investment advisory agreement may be canceled by either party upon written notice to the other party.
Upon termination, any unearned, prepaid fees will be promptly refunded. The client has the right to terminate an
agreement without penalty within five business days after entering into the agreement.
US Financial Advisors, LLC
1200 Pennsylvania Ave - Suite 202, Wilmington, DE 19806 Phone: (302) 483-7200 * Fax: (302) 656-1008
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Financial Planning Services
USFA offers financial planning services for a fixed engagement fee ranging from $1,000 to $10,000 or more,
depending on the nature and complexity of each client’s circumstance. The fixed fee is payable in advance of
services performed. Fees may be negotiable based on the nature and complexity of the services to be provided
and the overall relationship with the Advisor. An estimate for total costs will be determined prior to establishing
the advisory relationship.
A financial plan or additional investment advisory consulting services may be included in the fixed fee charged for
the financial plan, charged as a separate fixed fee, or otherwise charged on an hourly basis. Hourly rates will be
negotiable depending upon the complexity, nature, and length of a particular matter and the particular person
providing the advice, and typically range between $150 and $500 per hour and agreed upon in advance with the
client and USFA.
A comprehensive financial plan, with or without additional investment advisory consulting, will be completed
within 180 days of entering into an investment advisory consulting agreement, provided that all information
needed to complete such services have been provided by the client. USFA will not accept payment in advance
for consultations where the completion of the engagement will extend beyond six months.
B. Fee Billing
Investment Management Services
USFA will deduct advisory fees directly from the client’s account provided that (i) the client provides written
authorization to the qualified custodian, and (ii) the qualified custodian sends the client a statement, at least
quarterly, indicating all amounts disbursed from the account.
The client is responsible for verifying the accuracy of the fee calculation, as the client’s custodian will not verify the
calculation. If the client’s account is managed by a separate account manager, such manager will generally require
that any fees be paid on a quarterly basis, in advance, directly from the client’s account with the custodian of the
portfolio assets.
The amount due is calculated by applying the quarterly rate (annual rate divided by 4) to the total assets under
management with USFA at the end of the prior quarter. Clients will be provided with a statement, at least quarterly,
from the Custodian reflecting deduction of the investment advisory fee.
Financial Planning Services
Invoices will be mailed out upon the client and USFA signing a financial planning contract when requested. In most
instances the signed financial planning agreement serves as the invoice. Unless otherwise arranged, all financial
planning engagement fees are due in advance. A financial planning agreement may be terminated by either party
for any reason upon receipt of written notice. Clients seeking to terminate this service must do so in writing. Upon
termination any unearned prepaid fees will be promptly refunded.
C. Other Fees and Expenses
Clients may incur certain fees or charges imposed by third parties in connection with investments made on behalf
of the Client’s account[s].
US Financial Advisors, LLC
1200 Pennsylvania Ave - Suite 202, Wilmington, DE 19806 Phone: (302) 483-7200 * Fax: (302) 656-1008
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All fees paid to USFA for investment advisory services are separate and distinct from the expenses charged by
mutual funds and exchange-traded funds to their shareholders, if applicable. These fees and expenses are
described in each fund’s prospectus. These fees and expenses will generally be used to pay management fees
for the funds, other fund expenses, account administration (e.g., custody, brokerage and account reporting), and
a possible distribution fee.
If a mutual fund also imposes sales charges, a client may pay an initial or deferred sales charge as further
described in the mutual fund’s prospectus. A client using USFA may be precluded from using certain mutual
funds or separate account managers because they may not be offered by the client's custodian. Please refer to
the Brokerage Practices section (Item 12) for additional information regarding the firm’s brokerage practices.
A Client could invest in these products directly, without the services of USFA, but would not receive the services
provided by USFA which are designed, among other things, to assist the Client in determining which products or
services are most appropriate for each Client’s financial situation and objectives. Accordingly, the Client should
review both the fees charged by the fund[s] and the fees charged by USFA to fully understand the total fees to be
paid. Please refer to Item 12 – Brokerage Practices for additional information.
D. Advance Payment of Fees and Termination
Investment Management Services
USFA requires the prepayment of fees for all of its investment advisory services, subject to the terms of the
investment advisory agreement. The custodian will deliver directly to the client an account statement, at least
monthly, showing all investment and transaction activity for the period, including fee disbursements from the
account.
A client investment advisory agreement may be canceled by either party upon written notice to the other party.
Upon termination, any unearned, prepaid fees will be promptly refunded. Fees will be adjusted for significant
contributions to a client’s portfolio and withdrawals. The client has the right to terminate an agreement without
penalty within five business days after entering into the agreement.
Financial Planning Services
USFA requires prepayment of financial planning fees. Financial planning fees are billed in advance based upon
the scope of the engagement. Clients seeking to terminate this service must do so in writing. USFA will not
accept payment in advance for consultations where the completion of the engagement will extend beyond six
months.
A financial planning agreement may be terminated by either party for any reason upon receipt of written notice
within five days of the effective date of the contract. Upon termination of any contract, all unearned, prepaid fees
will be promptly refunded and any earned, unpaid fees will be due and payable.
US Financial Advisors, LLC
1200 Pennsylvania Ave - Suite 202, Wilmington, DE 19806 Phone: (302) 483-7200 * Fax: (302) 656-1008
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Item 6 – Performance-Based Fees and Side-By-Side Management
USFA does not charge performance-based fees for its investment advisory services. The fees charged by USFA
are as described in “Item 5 – Fees and Compensation” above and are not based upon the capital appreciation of
the funds or securities held by any Client.
USFA does not manage any proprietary investment funds or limited partnerships (for example, a mutual fund or a hedge
fund) and has no financial incentive to recommend any particular investment options to its Clients.
Item 7 – Types of Clients
USFA generally provides investment advice to individuals and high-net-worth individuals (which include trusts
and estates), and pension and profit sharing plans, and business entities.
USFA generally requires a minimum account value of $50,000 for accounts it manages on a discretionary basis.
Prospective clients may find comparable services at more favorable pricing elsewhere. Separate account
managers may have different minimum portfolio size requirements; please review the applicable separate
account manager’s ADV Part 2A. In the case of USFA- supervised assets, USFA, in its sole discretion, may
waive the required minimum.
Item 8 – Methods of Analysis, Investment Strategies and Risk of Loss
A. Methods of Analysis
USFA uses a variety of sources of data to conduct its economic, investment and market analysis, such as
financial newspapers and magazines, economic and market research materials prepared by others, conference
calls hosted by mutual funds, corporate rating services, annual reports, prospectuses, and company press
releases. It is important to keep in mind that there is no specific approach to investing that guarantees success or
positive returns; investing in securities involves risk of loss that clients should be prepared to bear.
US Financial Advisors, LLC
1200 Pennsylvania Ave - Suite 202, Wilmington, DE 19806 Phone: (302) 483-7200 * Fax: (302) 656-1008
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USFA and its investment adviser representatives are responsible for identifying and implementing the methods of
analysis used in formulating investment recommendations to clients. The methods of analysis may include
quantitative methods for optimizing client portfolios, computer-based risk/return analysis, technical analysis, and
statistical and/or computer models utilizing long-term economic criteria.
• Optimization involves the use of mathematical algorithms to determine the appropriate mix of assets
given the firm’s current capital market rate assessment and a particular client’s risk tolerance.
• Quantitative methods include analysis of historical data such as price and volume statistics, performance
data, standard deviation and related risk metrics, how the security performs relative to the overall stock
market, earnings data, price to earnings ratios, and related data.
• Technical analysis involves charting price and volume data as reported by the exchange where the
security is traded to look for price trends.
• Computer models may be used to attempt the future value of a security based on assumptions of various
data categories such as earnings, cash flow, profit margins, sales, and a variety of other company
specific metrics.
In addition, USFA reviews research material prepared by others, as well as corporate filings, corporate rating
services, and a variety of financial publications. USFA may employ outside vendors or utilize third-party software
to assist in formulating investment recommendations to clients.
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Mutual Funds, Exchange-Traded Funds, Separate Account Managers, Individual Equity and Fixed Income
Securities, Pooled Investment Vehicles
USFA may recommend mutual funds and individual securities (including fixed income instruments), and pooled
investment vehicles. Such investments may represent certain asset class styles, such as large-cap, mid-cap and
small-cap value, growth and core; international and emerging markets; and alternative investments. USFA may
also assist the client in selecting one or more appropriate manager(s) for all or a portion of the client’s portfolio.
Such managers typically manage assets for clients who commit to the manager a minimum amount of assets
established by that manager—a factor that USFA will take into account when recommending managers to
clients.
A description of the criteria to be used in formulating an investment recommendation for mutual funds, exchange-
traded funds, individual securities (including fixed-income securities), managers, and pooled investment vehicles
is set forth below.
USFA has formed relationships with third-party vendors that provide a technological platform for separate
account management and perform due diligence monitoring of mutual funds, managers, and pooled investment
vehicles that perform billing and certain other administrative tasks. USFA may utilize additional independent third
parties to assist it in recommending and monitoring individual securities, mutual funds, managers, and pooled
investment vehicles to clients as appropriate under the circumstances.
USFA reviews certain quantitative and qualitative criteria related to mutual funds and managers and to formulate
investment recommendations to its clients. Quantitative criteria may include:
•
the performance history of a mutual fund or manager evaluated against that of its peers and other
benchmarks;
•
an analysis of risk-adjusted returns;
• an analysis of the manager’s contribution to the investment return (e.g., manager’s alpha), standard
deviation of returns over specific time periods, sector and style analysis;
•
the fund, sub-advisor, or manager’s fee structure; and,
•
the relevant portfolio manager’s tenure.
Qualitative criteria used in recommending mutual funds or managers include the investment objectives and/or
management style and philosophy of a mutual fund or manager, a mutual fund or manager’s consistency of
investment style, and employee turnover and efficiency and capacity. USFA may discuss relevant quantitative
and qualitative factors pertaining to its recommendations with clients prior to their determination to retain a
mutual fund or manager upon request of any client.
Quantitative and qualitative criteria related to mutual funds and managers are reviewed by USFA on a quarterly
basis or such other interval as determined by USFA’s investment committee. In addition, mutual funds or
managers are reviewed to determine the extent to which their investments reflect efforts to time the market, or
evidence style drift such that their portfolios no longer accurately reflect the particular asset category attributed to
the mutual fund or manager by USFA (both of which are negative factors in implementing an asset allocation
structure). Based on its review, USFA will make changes regarding the retention or discharge of a mutual fund or
manager and act accordingly under our discretionary asset management agreement.
USFA may negotiate reduced account minimum balances and reduced fees with managers under various
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circumstances (e.g., for clients with minimum level of assets committed to the manager for specific periods of
time, etc.). There can be no assurance that clients will receive any reduced account minimum balances or fees,
or that all clients, even if apparently similarly situated, will receive any reduced account minimum balances or
fees available to some other clients. Also, account minimum balances and fees may significantly differ between
clients. Each client’s individual needs and circumstances will determine portfolio weighting, which can have an
impact on fees given the mutual funds or managers utilized. USFA will endeavor to obtain equal treatment for its
clients with mutual funds or managers, but cannot assure equal treatment.
USFA, for asset-based fee clients, will regularly review the activities of mutual funds and managers selected by
USFA or the client. For financial planning clients, USFA will not undertake ongoing reviews unless specifically
agreed to by the client and USFA. Clients that engage managers or invest in mutual funds should first review and
understand the disclosure documents of those managers or mutual funds, which contain information relevant to
such retention or investment, including information on the methodology used to analyze securities, investment
strategies, fees, and conflicts of interest. Similarly, clients qualified to invest in pooled investment vehicles should
review the private placement memoranda or other disclosure materials relating to such vehicles before making a
decision to invest.
Important Disclosure – Custodian Investment Programs
B. Risk of Loss
Investing in securities involves certain investment risks. Securities may fluctuate in value or lose value. Clients
should be prepared to bear the potential risk of loss. USFA will assist Clients in determining an appropriate
strategy based on their tolerance for risk and other factors noted above. However, there is no guarantee that a
Client will meet their investment goals.
While the methods of analysis help the Advisor in evaluating a potential investment, it does not guarantee that
the investment will increase in value. Assets meeting the investment criteria utilized in these methods of analysis
may lose value and may have negative investment performance. The Advisor monitors these economic
indicators to determine if adjustments to strategic allocations are appropriate. More details on the Advisor’s
review process are included below in “Item 13 – Review of Accounts”.
Each Client engagement will entail a review of the Client's investment goals, financial situation, time horizon,
tolerance for risk and other factors to develop an appropriate strategy for managing a Client's account. Client
participation in this process, including full and accurate disclosure of requested information, is essential for the
analysis of a Client's account. The Advisor shall rely on the financial and other information provided by the Client
or their designees without the duty or obligation to validate the accuracy and completeness of the provided
information. It is the responsibility of the Client to inform the Advisor of any changes in financial condition, goals
or other factors that may affect this analysis.
USFA typically invests in equity securities, corporate debt instruments, municipal fixed income instruments,
government securities including asset-backed securities, and options on securities as detailed below:
Certificates of Deposit
Municipal securities
U.S. government securities
Option contracts on securities
Pooled Investment Vehicles
Government and agency
Mortgage-based securities
Corporate debt obligations
Mortgage-backed securities
Collateralized obligations
Equity securities
Warrants and rights
Mutual fund securities
Exchange-traded funds
Corporate debt securities
Commercial paper
Equity Securities
Investing in individual companies involves inherent risk. The major risks relate to the company’s capitalization,
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quality of the company’s management, quality and cost of the company’s services, the company’s ability to
manage costs, efficiencies in the manufacturing or service delivery process, management of litigation risk, and
the company’s ability to create shareholder value (i.e., increase the value of the company’s stock price). Foreign
securities, in addition to the general risks of equity securities, have geopolitical risk, financial transparency risk,
currency risk, regulatory risk and liquidity risk.
Warrants and Rights
Warrants are securities, typically issued with preferred stock or bonds, which give the holder the right to
purchase a given number of shares of common stock at a specified price and time. The price of the warrant
usually represents a premium over the applicable market value of the common stock at the time of the warrant’s
issuance. Warrants have no voting rights with respect to the common stock, receive no dividends and have no
rights with respect to the assets of the issuer.
Investments in warrants and rights involve certain risks, including the possible lack of a liquid market for the
resale of the warrants and rights, potential price fluctuations due to adverse market conditions or other factors,
and failure of the price of the common stock to rise. If the warrant is not exercised within the specified time
period, it becomes worthless.
Mutual Fund Securities
Investing in mutual funds carries inherent risk. The major risks of investing in a mutual fund include the
quality and experience of the portfolio management team and its ability to create fund value by investing
in securities that have positive growth, the amount of individual company diversification, the type and
amount of industry diversification desired by USFA, and the type and amount of sector diversification
within specific industries desired by USFA. In addition, mutual funds may be tax inefficient and therefore
investors may pay capital gains taxes on fund investments while not having yet sold the fund.
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(“QQQs
”), iShares and
Exchange-Traded Funds (“ETFs”)
ETFs are investment companies whose shares are bought and sold on a securities exchange. An ETF holds a
portfolio of securities designed to track a particular market segment or index. Some examples of ETFs are
SPDRs , streetTRACKS , DIAMONDS , NASDAQ 100 Index Tracking Stock
VIPERs . The funds or USFA could purchase an ETF to gain exposure to a portion of a particular market. The
funds, as a shareholder of another investment company, will bear their pro rata portion of the other investment
company’s advisory fee and other expenses, in addition to their own expenses.
Investing in ETFs involves risk. Specifically, ETFs, depending on the underlying portfolio and its size, can have
wide price (bid and ask) spreads, thus diluting or negating any upward price movement of the ETF or enhancing
any downward price movement. Also, ETFs require more frequent portfolio reporting by regulators and are
thereby more susceptible to actions by hedge funds that could have a negative impact on the price of the ETF.
Corporate Debt, Commercial Paper, and Certificates of Deposit
Fixed income securities carry additional risks than those of equity securities described above. These risks
include the company’s ability to retire its debt at maturity, the current interest rate environment, the coupon
interest rate promised to bondholders, legal constraints, jurisdictional risk (U.S or foreign) and currency risk. If
bonds have maturities of ten years or greater, they will likely have greater price swings when interest rates move
up or down. The shorter the maturity the less volatile the price swings. Foreign bonds also have liquidity and
currency risk.
Commercial paper and certificates of deposit are generally considered safer instruments, although they are
subject to the level of general interest rates, the credit quality of the issuing bank and the length of maturity. With
respect to certificates of deposit, depending on the length of maturity there can be prepayment penalties if the
client needs to convert the certificate of deposit to cash prior to maturity.
Municipal Securities
Municipal securities carry additional risks than those of corporate and bank-sponsored debt securities described
above. These risks include the municipality’s ability to raise additional tax revenue or other revenue (in the event
the bonds are revenue bonds) to pay interest on its debt and to retire its debt at maturity. Municipal bonds are
generally tax free at the federal level, but may be taxable in individual states other than the state in which both
the investor and municipal issuer is domiciled.
U.S. Government Securities
U.S. government securities include securities issued by the U.S. Treasury and by U.S. government agencies and
instrumentalities. U.S. government securities may be supported by the full faith and credit of the United States. If
bonds have maturities of ten years or greater, they will likely have greater price swings when interest rates move
up or down. The shorter the maturity the less volatile the price swings.
Options on Securities
A call option is a contract under which the purchaser of the call option, in return for a premium paid, has the right
to buy the security (or index) underlying the option at a specified price at any time during the term of the option.
The writer of the call option, who receives the premium, has the obligation upon exercise of the option to deliver
the underlying security against payment of the exercise price. A put option gives its purchaser, in return for a
premium, the right to sell the underlying security at a specified price during the term of the option. The writer of
the put, who receives the premium, has the obligation to buy, upon exercise of the option, the underlying security
(or a cash amount equal to the value of the index) at the exercise price. The amount of a premium received or
paid for an option is based upon certain factors, including the market price of the underlying security, the
relationship of the exercise price to the market price, the historical price volatility of the underlying security, the
option period and interest rates.
Pooled Investment Vehicles
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A pooled investment vehicle, such as a commodity pool or investment company, is generally offered only to
investors who meet specified suitability, net worth and annual income criteria. Pooled investment vehicles sell
securities through private placements and thus are illiquid and subject to a variety of risks that are disclosed in
each pooled investment vehicle’s confidential private placement memorandum or disclosure document. Investors
should read these documents carefully and consult with their professional advisors prior to committing
investment dollars. Because many of the securities involved in pooled investment vehicles do not have
transparent trading markets from which accurate and current pricing information can be derived, or in the case of
private equity investments where portfolio security companies are privately held with no publicly traded market,
the firm will be unable to monitor or verify the accuracy of such performance information.
Government and Agency Mortgage-Backed Securities
The principal issuers or guarantors of mortgage-backed securities are the Government National Mortgage
Association (“GNMA”), Fannie Mae (“FNMA”) and the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (“FHLMC”).
GNMA, a wholly owned U.S. government corporation within the Department of Housing and Urban Development
(“HUD”), creates pass-through securities from pools of government-guaranteed (Farmers’ Home Administration,
Federal Housing Authority or Veterans Administration) mortgages. The principal and interest on GNMA pass-
through securities are backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government.
FNMA, which is a U.S. government-sponsored corporation owned entirely by private stockholders that is subject
to regulation by the secretary of HUD, and FHLMC, a corporate instrumentality of the U.S. government, issue
pass-through securities from pools of conventional and federally insured and/or guaranteed residential
mortgages. FNMA guarantees full and timely payment of all interest and principal, and FHMLC guarantees timely
payment of interest and ultimate collection of principal of its pass-through securities. Mortgage-backed securities
from FNMA and FHLMC are not backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government.
Corporate Debt Obligations
Corporate debt obligations include corporate bonds, debentures, notes, commercial paper and other similar
corporate debt instruments. Companies use these instruments to borrow
money from investors. The issuer pays the investor a fixed or variable rate of interest and must repay the amount
borrowed at maturity. Commercial paper (short-term unsecured promissory notes) is issued by companies to
finance their current obligations and normally has a maturity of less than nine months. In addition, USFA may
invest in corporate debt securities registered and sold in the United States by foreign issuers (Yankee bonds)
and those sold outside the U.S. by foreign or U.S. issuers (Eurobonds).
Mortgage-Backed Securities
Mortgage-backed securities represent interests in a pool of mortgage loans originated by lenders such as
commercial banks, savings associations, and mortgage bankers and brokers. Mortgage-backed securities may
be issued by governmental or government-related entities, or by non-governmental entities such as special-
purpose trusts created by commercial lenders.
Pools of mortgages consist of whole mortgage loans or participations in mortgage loans. The majority of these
loans are made to purchasers of between one and four family homes. The terms and characteristics of the
mortgage instruments are generally uniform within a pool but may vary among pools. For example, in addition to
fixed-rate, fixed-term mortgages, USFA may purchase pools of adjustable-rate mortgages, growing equity
mortgages, graduated payment mortgages and other types. Mortgage poolers apply qualification standards to
lending institutions, which originate mortgages for the pools as well as credit standards and underwriting criteria
for individual mortgages included in the pools. In addition, many mortgages included in pools are insured through
private mortgage insurance companies.
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Mortgage-backed securities differ from other forms of fixed income securities, which normally provide for periodic
payment of interest in fixed amounts with principal payments at maturity or on specified call dates. Most
mortgage-backed securities, however, are pass-through securities, which means that investors receive payments
consisting of a pro rata share of both principal and interest (less servicing and other fees), as well as
unscheduled prepayments as loans in the underlying mortgage pool are paid off by the borrowers. Additional
prepayments to holders of these securities are caused by prepayments resulting from the sale or foreclosure of
the underlying property or refinancing of the underlying loans. As prepayment rates of individual pools of
mortgage loans vary widely, it is not possible to accurately predict the average life of a particular mortgage-
backed security. Although mortgage-backed securities are issued with stated maturities of up to 40 years,
unscheduled or early payments of principal and interest on the mortgages may shorten considerably the
securities’ effective maturities.
Collateralized Obligations
Collateralized mortgage obligations (“CMOs”) are collateralized by mortgage-backed securities issued by GNMA,
FHLMC or FNMA (“mortgage assets”). CMOs are multiple-class debt obligations. Payments of principal and
interest on the mortgage assets are passed through to the holders of the CMOs as they are received, although
certain classes (often referred to as “tranches”) of CMOs have priority over other classes with respect to the
receipt of mortgage prepayments.
Each tranche is issued at a specific or floating coupon rate and has a stated maturity or final distribution date.
Interest is paid or accrues in all tranches on a monthly, quarterly or semi-annual basis. Payments of principal and
interest on mortgage assets are commonly applied to the tranches in the order of their respective maturities or
final distribution dates, so that generally no payment of principal will be made on any tranche until all other
tranches with earlier stated maturity or distribution dates have been paid in full.
Collateralized debt obligations ("CDOs") include collateralized bond obligations ("CBOs"), collateralized loan
obligations ("CLOs") and other similarly structured securities. CBOs and CLOs are types of asset-backed
securities. A CBO is a trust that is backed by a diversified pool of high-risk, below-investment-grade fixed income
securities. A CLO is a trust typically collateralized by a pool of loans, which may include, among others, domestic
and foreign senior secured loans, senior unsecured loans, and subordinate corporate loans, including loans that
may be rated below investment grade or equivalent unrated loans.
Investment Strategy and Method of Analysis Material Risks
USFA’s investment strategy is custom-tailored to the client’s goals, investment objectives, risk tolerance, and
personal and financial circumstances.
Short Selling
USFA generally does not engage in short selling but reserves the right to do so in the exercise of its sole
judgment. Short selling involves the sale of a security that is borrowed rather than owned. When a short sale is
effected, the investor is expecting the price of the security to decline in value so that a purchase or closeout of
the short sale can be effected at a significantly lower price. The primary risks of effecting short sales is the
availability to borrow the stock, the unlimited potential for loss, and the requirement to fund any difference
between the short credit balance and the market value of the security.
Option Strategies
Various option strategies give the holder the right to acquire or sell underlying securities at the contract strike
price up until expiration of the option. Each contract is worth 100 shares of the underlying security. Options entail
greater risk but allow an investor to have market exposure to a particular security or group of securities without
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the capital commitment required to purchase the underlying security or groups of securities. In addition, options
allow investors to hedge security positions held in the portfolio. For detailed information on the use of options and
option strategies, please contact the Options Clearing Corporation for the current Options Risk Disclosure
Statement.
USFA as part of its investment strategy may employ the following option strategies:
• Covered Call Writing
Covered call writing is the sale of in-, at-, or out-of-the money call option against a long security position
held in the client portfolio. This type of transaction is used to generate income. It also serves to create
downside protection in the event the security position declines in value. Income is received from the
proceeds of the option sale. Such income may be reduced to the extent it is necessary to buy back the
option position prior to its expiration. This strategy may involve a degree of trading velocity, transaction
costs and significant losses if the underlying security has volatile price movement. Covered call
strategies are generally suited for companies with little price volatility.
• Long Call Option Purchases
Long call option purchases allow the option holder to be exposed to the general market characteristics of
a security without the outlay of capital necessary to own the security. Options are wasting assets and
expire (usually within nine months of issuance), and as a result can expose the investor to significant
loss.
• Long Put Option Purchases
Long put option purchases allow the option holder to sell or “put” the underlying security at the contract
strike price at a future date. If the price of the underlying security declines in value, the value of the long
put option increases. In this way long puts are often used to hedge a long stock position. Options are
wasting assets and expire (usually within nine months of issuance), and as a result can expose the
investor to significant loss.
Technical Trading Models
Technical trading models are mathematically driven based upon historical data and trends of domestic and
foreign market trading activity, including various industry and sector trading statistics within such markets.
Technical trading models, through mathematical algorithms, attempt to identify when markets are likely to
increase or decrease and identify appropriate entry and exit points. The primary risk of technical trading models
is that historical trends and past performance cannot predict future trends and there is no assurance that the
mathematical algorithms employed are designed properly, updated with new data, and can accurately predict
future market, industry and sector performance.
Concentration Risk
There is an inherent risk for clients whose investment portfolios lack diversification—that is, they have their
investment portfolios heavily weighted in a specific investment style, security, industry or industry sector,
geographic location, investment manager, type of investment instrument (equities versus fixed income). Clients,
who have diversified portfolios, as a general rule, incur less volatility and therefore less fluctuation in portfolio
value than those who have concentrated holdings. Concentrated holdings may offer the potential for higher gain,
but also offer the potential for significant loss.
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Item 9 – Disciplinary Information
Securities laws require an advisor to disclose any instances where the Advisor or its Advisory Persons have
been found liable in a legal, regulatory, civil or arbitration matter that alleges violation of securities and other
statutes; fraud; false statements or omissions; theft, embezzlement or wrongful taking of property; bribery,
forgery, counterfeiting, or extortion; and/or dishonest, unfair or unethical practices.
There are no legal, regulatory or disciplinary events involving USFA or any of its management persons. USFA
values the trust you place in us. As we advise all Clients, we encourage you to perform the requisite due
diligence on any advisor or service provider with whom you partner. Our backgrounds are on the Investment
Adviser Public Disclosure website at www.adviserinfo.sec.gov by searching by our firm name or our CRD#
108763.
Item 10 – Other Financial Industry Activities and Affiliations
Insurance Agency Affiliations
As previously disclosed, Certain Advisory Persons are also licensed as independent insurance professionals. As
an independent insurance professional, the Advisory Person will earn commission-based compensation for
selling insurance products, including insurance products they sell to you. Insurance commissions earned by
these persons are separate and in addition to our advisory fees. This practice presents a conflict of interest
because the person providing investment advice on behalf of the Advisor who is also an insurance agent has an
incentive to recommend insurance products to you for the purpose of generating commissions rather than solely
based on your needs. However, you are under no obligation, contractually or otherwise, to purchase insurance
products through any Advisory Person affiliated with the Advisor.
Futures or Commodity Registration
Neither USFA nor its affiliates are registered as a commodity firm, futures commission merchant, commodity pool
operator, or commodity trading adviser and do not have an application to register pending.
Material Relationships Maintained by this Advisory Business and Conflicts of Interest
Accounting Services
Certain members and employees of USFA may also be separately licensed as certified public accountants or
enrolled agents with the Internal Revenue Service. They may provide accounting or tax preparation services to
clients. If appropriate, advisory clients may be referred to these individuals for accounting or tax preparation
services, but they are not obligated to use these services. If clients do elect to use these services, charges for tax
or accounting services provided will be from the professional or entity that performed the services directly and be
separate from the services delivered and the fees charged for advisory services by USFA.
USFA is affiliated with South Coast Financial Partners, LLC and Clement & DaCunha, LLC, CPA firms whose
services may be recommended to clients of USFA.
USFA is also affiliated with South Coast Family Office, an administrative family office offering customized
administrative services such as cash flow management and statement management. This affiliate’s services may
be recommended to clients of USFA.
Clients are advised of a potential conflict of interest in that there is an economic incentive to recommend the
services of members, employees, and affiliates. Clients are also advised that USFA professionals strive to put
their clients’ interests first and foremost. Clients may utilize any accounting firm they desire.
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GVA Insurance Brokers, (“GVIB”)
Certain members and employees of USFA may also be independently licensed insurance agents and may be
affiliated with various insurance companies. When selling insurance products in this separate capacity, they
may receive normal and customary commissions. Great Valley Advisor Group, LLC, is the sole owner of USFA
and GV Insurance Brokers (“GVIB”).
Some of USFA’s investment advisor representatives sell insurance products through GVIB.
GVIB are engaged in the business of placing life insurance, health insurance, disability insurance, long- term care
insurance, and annuity business on a brokerage basis with a number of insurance companies. USIB and GVIB may
be recommended for the placement of various life insurance, annuity, long term care, disability insurance, and other
appropriate insurance products to meet the needs of USFA’s advisory clients. Most investment adviser
representatives of USFA are also licensed insurance brokers, and are associated with GVIB. As insurance brokers,
insurance recommendations provided by the investment advisor representative to our advisory clients as part of a
financial plan or consultation could be limited to only those insurance products available to the investment advisor
representative through his/her affiliation with GVIB.
Clients are advised of a potential conflict of interest in that there is an economic incentive to recommend
insurance and other investment products of such carriers. Clients are also advised that USFA professionals
strive to put their clients’ interests first and foremost. Other than for insurance products that require a securities
license, such as variable insurance products, clients may utilize any insurance carrier or insurance agency they
desire.
Recommendation or Selection of Other Investment Advisors and Conflicts of Interest
Other than what is provided in Item 10.C above, USFA does not recommend separate account managers or
other investment products in which it receives any form of compensation from the separate account manager or
investment product sponsor.
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Item 11 – Code of Ethics, Participation or Interest in Client Transactions and Personal Trading
A. Code of Ethics
In accordance with the Advisers Act, USFA has adopted policies and procedures designed to detect and prevent
insider trading. In addition, USFA has adopted a Code of Ethics (the “Code”). Among other things, the Code
includes written procedures governing the conduct of USFA's advisory and access persons. The Code also
imposes certain reporting obligations on persons subject to the Code. The Code and applicable securities
transactions are monitored by the Chief Compliance Officer of USFA. USFA will send clients a copy of its Code
of Ethics upon written request.
USFA has policies and procedures in place to ensure that the interests of its clients are given preference over
those of USFA, its affiliates, and its employees. For example, there are policies in place to prevent the
misappropriation of material non-public information, and such other policies and procedures reasonably designed
to comply with federal and state securities laws.
B. Personal Trading with Material Interest
USFA does not engage in principal trading (i.e., the practice of selling stock to advisory clients from a firm’s
inventory, or buying stocks from advisory clients into a firm’s inventory). In addition, USFA does not recommend
any securities to advisory clients in which it has some proprietary or ownership interest.
C. Personal Trading in Same Securities as Clients
USFA, its affiliates, employees and their families, trusts, estates, charitable organizations, and retirement plans
established by it may purchase the same securities as are purchased for clients in accordance with its Code of
Ethics policies and procedures. The personal securities transactions by advisory representatives and employees
may raise potential conflicts of interest when they trade in a security that is:
•
owned by the client; or,
•
considered for purchase or sale for the client.
Such conflict generally refers to the practice of front-running (trading ahead of the client), which USFA
specifically prohibits. USFA has adopted policies and procedures that are intended to address these conflicts of
interest. These policies and procedures:
• Require our advisory representatives and employees to act in the client’s best interest.
• Prohibit fraudulent conduct in connection with the trading of securities in a client account.
• Prohibit employees from personally benefitting by causing a client to act, or fail to act in making
investment decisions.
• Prohibit the firm or its employees from profiting or causing others to profit on knowledge of completed or
contemplated client transactions.
• Allocate investment opportunities in a fair and equitable manner.
• Provide for the review of transactions to discover and correct any trades that result in an advisory
representative or employee benefitting at the expense of a client.
Advisory representatives and employees must follow USFA’s procedures when purchasing or selling the same
securities purchased or sold for the client.
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D. Personal Trading at Same Time as Client
USFA, its affiliates, employees and their families, trusts, estates, charitable organizations, and retirement plans
established by it may effect securities transactions for their own accounts that differ from those recommended or
effected for other USFA clients. USFA will make a reasonable attempt to trade securities in client accounts at or
prior to trading the securities in its affiliate, corporate, employee or employee-related accounts. Trades executed
the same day will likely be subject to an average pricing calculation.
It is the policy of USFA to place clients’ interests above those of USFA and its employees.
Item 12 – Brokerage Practices
A. Recommendation of Custodian[s]
Following are additional details regarding the brokerage practices of the Advisor:
Custodian Recommendations
USFA generally requires that clients establish brokerage accounts with a FINRA- registered broker-dealer and
member of SIPC. USFA is independently owned and operated and not affiliated with the custodians.
These custodians do not charge separately for custody services, but are compensated by account holders
through commissions and other transaction-related or asset-based fees for securities trades that are executed
through or that settle into the custodians’ accounts.
In certain instances and subject to approval by the firm, USFA will recommend to clients certain broker-dealers
and/or custodians based on the needs of the individual client, taking into consideration the nature of the services
required, the experience of the broker-dealer or custodian, the cost and quality of the services, and the reputation
of the broker-dealer or custodian. The final determination to engage a broker-dealer or custodian recommended
by USFA will be made by and in the sole discretion of the client. The client recognizes that broker- dealers and/or
custodians have different cost and fee structures and trade execution capabilities. As a result, there may be
disparities with respect to the cost of services and/or the transaction prices for securities transactions executed
on behalf of the client. Clients are responsible for assessing the commissions and other costs charged by broker-
dealers and/or custodians.
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How We Select Brokers/Custodians to Recommend
USFA seeks to recommend a custodian/broker who will hold client assets and execute transactions on terms that
are overall most advantageous when compared to other available providers and their services. We consider a
wide range of factors, including, among others, the following:
• Combination of transaction execution services along with asset custody services (generally without a
separate fee for custody)
• Capability to execute, clear, and settle trades (buy and sell securities for client accounts)
• Capabilities to facilitate transfers and payments to and from accounts (wire transfers, check requests,
bill payment, etc.)
• Breadth of investment products made available (stocks, bonds, mutual funds, exchange- traded funds
(ETFs), etc.)
• Availability of investment research and tools that assist us in making investment decisions
• Quality of services
• Competitiveness of the price of those services (commission rates, margin interest rates, other fees,
etc.) and willingness to negotiate them
• Reputation, financial strength, and stability of the provider
• Their prior service to us and our other clients
• Availability of other products and services that benefit us, as discussed below
1. Soft Dollars - Soft dollars are revenue programs offered by broker-dealers whereby an advisor enters into an
agreement to place security trades with the broker in exchange for research and other services. USFA does not
participate in soft dollar programs sponsored or offered by any broker-dealer. However, the Advisor receives
certain economic benefits from the Custodian. Please see Item 14.
Institutional Trading and Custody Services
The custodians provide USFA with access to its institutional trading and custody services, which may not
be available to the custodians’ retail investors. These services are generally available to independent
investment advisors on an unsolicited basis, at no charge to them so long as a certain minimum amount
of the advisor’s clients’ assets are maintained in accounts at such custodians. These services are not
contingent upon USFA committing to the custodians any specific amount of business (assets in custody
or trading commissions). The custodians’ brokerage services include the execution of securities
transactions, custody, research, reporting, and access to mutual funds and other investments that are
otherwise generally available only to institutional investors or that would require a significantly higher
minimum initial investment.
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Other Products and Services
The custodians also make available to USFA other products and services that benefit USFA but may not
directly benefit its clients’ accounts. Many of these products and services may be used to service all or
some substantial number of USFA's accounts, including accounts not maintained at such custodians.
The custodians also make available to USFA their managing and administering software and other
technology that:
• Provide access to client account data (such as trade confirmations and account statements)
• Facilitate trade execution and allocate aggregated trade orders for multiple client accounts
• Provide research, pricing, and other market dataFacilitate payment of USFA’s fees from its clients’
accounts
• Assist with back-office functions, recordkeeping, and client reporting
The custodians also offer other services intended to help USFA manage and further develop its business
enterprise. These services may include:
• Compliance, legal, and business consulting
• Publications and conferences on practice management and business succession
• Access to employee benefits providers, human capital consultants, and insurance providers
The custodians may also provide other benefits, such as educational events or occasional business
entertainment of USFA personnel. In evaluating whether to recommend that clients custody their assets
at such custodians, USFA may take into account the availability of some of the foregoing products and
services and other arrangements as part of the total mix of factors it considers, and not solely the nature,
cost, or quality of custody and brokerage services provided by the custodians, which may create a
potential conflict of interest.
Independent Third Parties
The custodians may make available, arrange, and/or pay third-party vendors for the types of services
rendered to USFA. The custodians may discount or waive fees it would otherwise charge for some of
these services or all or a part of the fees of a third party providing these services to USFA.
Additional Compensation Received from Custodians
USFA may participate in institutional customer programs sponsored by broker-dealers or custodians.
USFA may recommend these broker-dealers or custodians to clients for custody and brokerage services.
There is no direct link between USFA’s participation in such programs and the investment advice it gives
to its clients, although USFA receives economic benefits through its participation in the programs that are
typically not available to retail investors. These benefits may include the following products and services
(provided without cost or at a discount):
• Receipt of duplicate client statements and confirmations
• Research-related products and tools
• Consulting services
• Access to a trading desk serving USFA participants
• Access to block trading (which provides the ability to aggregate securities transactions for
execution and then allocate the appropriate shares to client accounts)
• The ability to have advisory fees deducted directly from client accounts
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• Access to an electronic communications network for client order entry and account information
• Access to mutual funds with no transaction fees and to certain institutional money managers
• Discounts on compliance, marketing, research, technology, and practice management products
or services provided to USFA by third-party vendors.
The custodian may also pay for business consulting and professional services received by USFA’s
related persons, and may pay or reimburse expenses (including client transition services, travel, lodging,
meals and entertainment expenses for USFA’s personnel to attend conferences). Some of the products
and services made available by such custodian through its institutional customer programs may benefit
USFA but may not benefit its client accounts. These products or services may assist USFA in managing
and administering client accounts, including accounts not maintained at the custodian as applicable.
Other services made available through the programs are intended to help USFA manage and further
develop its business enterprise. The benefits received by USFA or its personnel through participation in
these programs do not depend on the amount of brokerage transactions directed to the broker-dealer.
USFA may also participate in similar institutional advisor programs offered by other independent broker- dealers or
trust companies, and its continued participation may require USFA to maintain a predetermined level of assets at
such firms. In connection with its participation in such programs, USFA will typically receive benefits similar to those
listed above, including research, payments for business consulting and professional services received by USFA’s
related persons, and reimbursement of expenses (including travel, lodging, meals and entertainment expenses for
USFA’s personnel to attend conferences sponsored by the broker- dealer or trust company). As part of its fiduciary
duties to clients, USFA endeavors at all times to put the interests of its clients first. Clients should be aware,
however, that the receipt of economic benefits by USFA or its related persons in and of itself creates a potential
conflict of interest and may indirectly influence USFA’s recommendation of broker-dealers for custody and
brokerage services.
2. Brokerage Referrals - USFA does not receive any compensation from any third party in connection with the
recommendation for establishing a brokerage account.
3. Directed Brokerage - All Clients are serviced on a “directed brokerage basis”, where USFA will place trades
within the established account[s] at the custodian designated by the Client. Further, all Client accounts are traded
within their respective brokerage account[s]. The Advisor will not engage in any principal transactions (i.e., trade
of any security from or to the Advisor’s own account) or cross transactions with other Client accounts (i.e.,
purchase of a security into one Client account from another Client’s account[s]). In selecting the Custodian,
USFA will not be obligated to select competitive bids on securities transactions and does not have an obligation
to seek the lowest available transaction costs. These costs are determined by the designated Custodian.
Client-Directed Brokerage
Occasionally, clients may direct USFA to use a particular broker-dealer to execute portfolio transactions
for their accounts or request that certain types of securities not be purchased for their accounts. Clients
who designate the use of a particular broker-dealer should be aware that they will lose any possible
advantage USFA derives from aggregating transactions. Such client trades are typically effected after
the trades of clients who have not directed the use of a particular broker-dealer. USFA loses the ability to
aggregate trades with other USFA advisory clients, potentially subjecting the client to inferior trade
execution prices as well as higher commissions.
Aggregating Securities Transactions for Client Accounts
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Best Execution
USFA, pursuant to the terms of its investment advisory agreement with clients, may have discretionary authority
to determine which securities are to be bought and sold, the amount of such securities, and the executing broker.
USFA recognizes that the analysis of execution quality involves a number of factors, both qualitative and
quantitative. USFA will follow a process in an attempt to ensure that it is seeking to obtain the most favorable
execution under the prevailing circumstances when placing client orders. These factors include but are not
limited to the following:
• The financial strength, reputation, and stability of the broker
• The efficiency with which the transaction is effected
• The ability to effect prompt and reliable executions at favorable prices (including the applicable dealer
spread or commission, if any)
• The availability of the broker to stand ready to effect transactions of varying degrees of difficulty in the
future
• The efficiency of error resolution, clearance, and settlement
• Block trading and positioning capabilities
• Performance measurement
• Online access to computerized data regarding customer accounts
• Availability, comprehensiveness, and frequency of brokerage and research services
• Commission rates
• The economic benefit to the client
• Related matters involved in the receipt of brokerage services
Consistent with its fiduciary responsibilities, USFA seeks to ensure that clients receive best execution with
respect to the clients’ transactions by blocking client trades to reduce commissions and transaction costs. To the
best of USFA’s knowledge, these custodians provide high-quality execution, and USFA’s clients do not pay
higher transaction costs in return for such execution.
Commission rates and securities transaction fees charged to effect such transactions are established by the
client’s independent custodian and/or broker-dealer. Based upon its own knowledge of the securities industry,
USFA believes that such commission rates are competitive within the securities industry. Lower commissions or
better execution may be able to be achieved elsewhere.
Security Allocation
Since USFA may be managing accounts with similar investment objectives, the firm may aggregate orders for
securities for such accounts. In such event, allocation of the securities so purchased or sold, as well as expenses
incurred in the transaction, is made by USFA in the manner it considers to be the most equitable and consistent
with its fiduciary obligations to such accounts.
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USFA’s allocation procedures seek to allocate investment opportunities among clients in the fairest possible way,
taking into account the clients’ best interests. USFA will follow procedures to ensure that allocations do not
involve a practice of favoring or discriminating against any client or group of clients. Account performance is
never a factor in trade allocations.
USFA’s advice to certain clients and entities and the actions of USFA for those and other clients are frequently
premised not only on the merits of a particular investment but also on the suitability of that investment for the
particular client in light of his or her applicable investment objectives, guidelines, and circumstances. Thus, any
action of USFA with respect to a particular investment may, for a particular client, differ or be opposed to the
recommendation, advice or actions of USFA to or on behalf of other clients.
Aggregating and Allocating Trades
The primary objective in placing orders for the purchase and sale of securities for Client accounts is to obtain the
most favorable net results taking into account such factors as 1) price, 2) size of order, 3) difficulty of execution,
4) confidentiality and 5) skill required of the broker. USFA will execute its transactions through an unaffiliated
broker-dealer selected by the Client. USFA may aggregate orders in a block trade or trades when securities are
purchased or sold through the same broker-dealer for multiple (discretionary) accounts in the same trading day.
If a block trade cannot be executed in full at the same price or time, the securities actually purchased or sold by
the close of each business day must be allocated in a manner that is consistent with the initial pre-allocation or
other written statement. This must be done in a way that does not consistently advantage or disadvantage any
particular Client accounts.
Although USFA’s trading policy is to implement all client orders on an individual basis, there may be occasion to
aggregate or “block” client transactions when USFA deems it appropriate. If orders are aggregated, then orders
for the same security entered on behalf of more than one client will generally be aggregated (i.e., blocked or
bunched) subject to the aggregation being in the best interests of all participating clients. Subsequent orders for
the same security entered during the same trading day may be aggregated with any previously unfilled orders.
Subsequent orders may also be aggregated with filled orders if the market price for the security has not
materially changed and the aggregation does not cause any unintended duration exposure. All clients
participating in each aggregated order will receive the average price and, subject to minimum ticket charges and
possible step outs, pay a pro rata portion of commissions.
Considering the types of investments we hold in advisory client accounts, we do not believe clients are hindered
when we trade accounts individually. This is because we develop individualized investment strategies for clients, and
holdings will vary from client to client.
Allocation of Trades
All allocations will be made prior to the close of business on the trade date. In the event an order is “partially
filled,” the allocation will be made in the best interests of all the clients in the order, taking into account all
relevant factors including, but not limited to, the size of each client’s allocation, clients’ liquidity needs, and
previous allocations. In most cases, accounts will get a pro forma allocation based on the initial allocation. This
policy also applies if an order is “over-filled.”
USFA acts in accordance with its duty to seek best price and execution and will not continue any arrangements
if it determines that such arrangements are no longer in the best interests of its clients.
Item 13 – Review of Accounts
A. Frequency of Reviews
US Financial Advisors, LLC
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Client accounts are reviewed in the first instance by the investment adviser representative servicing the client
relationship on at least an annual basis. Such professionals are subject to the general authority of USFA’s
Managing Member. The CCO or designee(s) must review and approve the opening of each new advisory
relationship and oversee reviews of client accounts.
B. Causes for Reviews
Reviews may be conducted more or less frequently at the Client’s request. Accounts may be reviewed as a result
of major changes in economic conditions, known changes in the Client’s financial situation, investment objectives
or risk tolerance and/or large deposits or withdrawals in the Client’s account. The Client is encouraged to notify
USFA if changes occur in the Client’s personal financial situation that might adversely affect the Client’s
investment plan. Additional reviews may be triggered by material market, economic or political events.
C. Review Reports
Investment advisory clients receive performance reports summarizing account performance against applicable
benchmarks. In addition, the client’s independent custodian provides account statements directly to the client no
less frequently than quarterly. The custodian’s statement is the official record of the client’s securities account
and supersedes any statements or reports created on behalf of the client by USFA.
Financial planning clients receive written reports pursuant to the terms of their financial planning agreement.
Item 14 - Client Referrals and Other Compensation
A. Compensation Received by USFA
Expense Reimbursements
USFA may from time to time receive expense reimbursement for travel and/or marketing expenses from distributors
of investment and/or insurance products. Travel expense reimbursements are typically a result of attendance at due
diligence and/or investment training events hosted by product sponsors. Marketing expense reimbursements are
typically the result of informal expense sharing arrangements in which product sponsors may underwrite costs
incurred for marketing, such as advertising, publishing, and seminar expenses. Although receipt of these travel and
marketing expense reimbursements are not predicated upon specific sales quotas, the product sponsor
reimbursements are typically made by those sponsors for whom sales have been made or it is anticipated sales will
be made. This creates a conflict of interest in that there is an incentive to recommend certain products and
investments based on the receipt of this compensation instead of what is the in best interest of our clients. We
attempt to control for this conflict by always basing investment decisions on the individual needs of our clients.
B. Client Referrals from Promoters
USFA may enter into agreements with promoters who will refer prospective advisory clients to USFA in return for
a portion of the ongoing investment advisory fee. Such arrangements will comply with the requirements of Rule
206(4)-1 under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940. Generally, these requirements require the promoter to have
a written agreement with USFA. The promoter must provide the client with a disclosure document describing
the fees it receives from USFA, whether those fees represent an increase in fees that USFA would otherwise
charge the client, and whether an affiliation exists between USFA and the promoter.
USFA has no such relationships with promoters at this time.
Item 15 – Custody
USFA does not accept or maintain custody of Client accounts, except for the authorized deduction of the
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Advisor’s fees. USFA does not act as a Qualified Custodian, even when accepting custody, and all Clients
under all circumstances must place their assets with a Qualified Custodian. Clients are required to engage the
Custodian to retain their funds and securities and direct USFA to utilize that Custodian for the Client’s security
transactions or other contractually-defined purposes. Clients should review statements provided by the
Custodian and compare to any reports provided by USFA to ensure accuracy, as the Custodian does not
perform this review. For more information about custodians and brokerage practices, see “Item 12 - Brokerage
Practices”.
Item 16 – Investment Discretion
USFA generally has discretion over the selection and amount of securities to be bought or sold in Client accounts
without obtaining prior consent or approval from the Client. However, these purchases or sales may be subject to
specified investment objectives, guidelines, or limitations previously set forth by the Client and agreed to by
USFA. Discretionary authority will only be authorized upon full disclosure to the Client. The granting of such
authority will be evidenced by the Client's execution of an investment advisory agreement containing all
applicable limitations to such authority. All discretionary trades made by USFA will be in accordance with each
Client's investment objectives and goals.
Item 17 – Voting Client Securities
USFA does not take discretion with respect to voting proxies on behalf of its clients. USFA may endeavor to
make recommendations to clients on voting proxies regarding shareholder vote, consent, election or similar
actions solicited by, or with respect to, issuers of securities beneficially held as part of USFA supervised and/or
managed assets. In no event will USFA take discretion with respect to voting proxies on behalf of its clients.
Except as required by applicable law, USFA will not be obligated to render advice or take any action on behalf of
clients with respect to assets presently or formerly held in their accounts that become the subject of any legal
proceedings, including bankruptcies.
From time to time, securities held in the accounts of clients will be the subject of class action lawsuits. USFA has
no obligation to determine if securities held by the client are subject to a pending or resolved class action lawsuit.
USFA also has no duty to evaluate a client’s eligibility or to submit a claim to participate in the proceeds of a
securities class action settlement or verdict. Furthermore, USFA has no obligation or responsibility to initiate
litigation to recover damages on behalf of clients who may have been injured as a result of actions, misconduct,
or negligence by corporate management of issuers whose securities are held by clients. Where USFA receives
written or electronic notice of a class action lawsuit, settlement, or verdict affecting securities owned by a client, it
will forward all notices, proof of claim forms, and other materials to the client. Electronic mail is acceptable where
appropriate and where the client has authorized contact in this manner.
Item 18 – Financial Information
Neither USFA, nor its management, have any adverse financial situations that would reasonably impair the ability
of USFA to meet all obligations to its Clients. Neither USFA, nor any of its advisory persons, has been subject to
a bankruptcy or financial compromise. USFA is not required to deliver a balance sheet along with this Disclosure
Brochure as the Advisor does not collect fees of $1,200 or more for services to be performed six months or more
in advance.
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