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MST WEALTH ADVISORS, LLC
LOGO GOES HERE (LOCATED
IN THE FORM ADV FOLDER)
5500 Corporate Drive, Suite 240
Pittsburgh, PA 15237
412-635-9314
11931 State Route 85, Suite G
Kittanning, PA 16201
724-543-1135
www.mstcpas.com
February 28, 2026
This Brochure provides information about the qualifications and business practices of Valley Brook
Capital Group, Inc.. If you have any questions about the contents of this Brochure, please contact us at
724-941-8625 or rpulit@valleybrookcg.com. The information in this Brochure has not been approved or
verified by the United States Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") or by any state securities
authority.
Valley Brook Capital Group, Inc. is a registered investment adviser located in Pennsylvania and
conducts its advisory business under the names of Valley Brook Capital Group and MST Wealth
Advisors. LLC. Registration of an Investment Adviser does not imply any level of skill or training. The
oral and written communications of an Adviser provide you with information about which you determine
to hire or retain an Adviser.
Additional information about Valley Brook Capital Group, Inc. is also available on the SEC's website at
www.adviserinfo.sec.gov.
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Item 2 Material Changes
Since our last annual updating amendment, dated March 5, 2025, we have no material changes to
report:
A complete copy of our Brochure may be requested by contacting Robert Pulit, Chief Compliance
Officer, at 724-941-8625 or rpulit@valleybrookcg.com. Our Brochure is also available free of charge,
on our web site, at www.valleybrookcg.com.
Additional information about Valley Brook Capital Group is available by accessing the SEC's web site
at www.adviserinfo.sec.gov. The SEC's web site also provides information about any persons affiliated
with Valley Brook Capital Group who are registered, or are required to be registered, as investment
adviser representatives of the firm.
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Item 3 Table Of Contents
Item 1 Cover Page
Item 2 Material Changes
Item 3 Table Of Contents
Item 4 Advisory Business
Item 5 Fees and Compensation
Item 6 Performance-Based Fees and Side-By-Side Management
Item 7 Types of Clients
Item 8 Methods of Analysis, Investment Strategies and Risk of Loss
Item 9 Disciplinary Information
Item 10 Other Financial Industry Activities and Affiliations
Item 11 Code of Ethics, Participation or Interest in Client Transactions and Personal Trading
Item 12 Brokerage Practices
Item 13 Review of Accounts
Item 14 Client Referrals and Other Compensation
Item 15 Custody
Item 16 Investment Discretion
Item 17 Voting Client Securities
Item 18 Financial Information
Item 19 Additional Information
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Item 4 Advisory Business
Valley Brook Capital Group, Inc. is a registered investment adviser that was founded in 1999 by Albert
Calfo. The firm was originally founded as Calfo Financial Services, Inc., and later changed its name to
Retirement Advisors, Inc. and then to Bluestone Wealth Advisors, Inc. In 2011, the firm underwent a
change in ownership and the principal owners of the firm are Gregory Martik, Jayme Russo and Robert
Pulit. In 2018, the firm began conducting its advisory business under the DBA name Valley Brook
Capital Group and in March 2021 the firm's legal name changed to Valley Brook Capital Group, Inc..
The firm also conducts its advisory business under the name MST Wealth Advisors, LLC, which will be
used throughout this brochure. Valley Brook Capital Group's main office is located in Venetia,
Pennsylvania, and MST Wealth Advisors, LLC offices are located in Pittsburgh, PA and Kittanning, PA
MST Wealth Advisors, LLC ("MSTWA") offers individualized wealth and automated investment
advisory services based on the financial needs and goals of the client. MSTWA provides asset
management services billed on a fee basis, as a percentage of assets under management. MSTWA
also provides financial planning services billed on an hourly fee or included in the asset management
fee, which may include services and advice on matters not involving securities.
Valley Brook Capital Group has a relationship with McCall Scanlon & Tice, LLC ("MST"), certified
public accountants, and its affiliated company MST Wealth Advisors, LLC ("MSTWA"), whereby certain
associates of MST are investment adviser representatives of Valley Brook Capital Group and offer
investment advisory services to MST clients under the name MST Wealth Advisors, LLC. Under these
circumstances, investment advisory services are offered solely by Valley Brook Capital Group and its
investment adviser representatives and include any of the services described in this brochure.
Wealth Management Services
MSTWA offers individual portfolio management and investment supervisory services ("Wealth
Management"). The firm provides individualized investment advice to clients based upon the client's
specific needs. Through personal consultations, MSTWA gathers specific financial data to develop a
client's personalized profile, which includes a client's investment objectives, current financial position,
risk profile, investment time horizon, tax situation and liquidity needs. MSTWA reviews the client's
personalized profile and based upon this review, determines an appropriate asset allocation model for
the client. Such model takes into account the client's liquidity needs, portfolio goals, tax objectives and
risk tolerance. MSTWA then recommends specific investments to implement the client's recommended
asset allocation model, incorporating a client's existing holdings where appropriate. MSTWA may also
recommend non-securities products as part of this service, in an effort to provide a more
comprehensive approach to evaluating a client's financial situation. MSTWA offers this on-going
Wealth Management to clients on a discretionary basis.
If a client participates in discretionary portfolio management services, MSTWA requires the client to
grant discretionary authority to manage the account. Discretionary authorization will allow MSTWA to
determine the specific securities, and the amount of securities, to be purchased or sold for a client's
account without approval prior to each transaction. Discretionary authority is typically granted by the
investment advisory agreement a client signs with MSTWA and the appropriate trading authorization
forms. A client may limit MSTWA's discretionary authority (for example, limiting the types of securities
that can be purchased or sold for your account) by providing restrictions and guidelines in writing.
MSTWA may also offer non-discretionary portfolio management services. If a client enters into a non-
discretionary agreement, Valley Brook must obtain client approval prior to executing any transactions
in the account. Non-discretionary clients have an unrestricted right to decline to implement any advice
provided by our firm on a non-discretionary basis.
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Automated Asset Management Services
MSTWA also offers an automated portfolio management service ("Intelligent Portfolios") through their
Institutional affiliation with Charles Schwab ('Schwab"). The firm provides intelligent portfolios to clients
based upon the client's responses to an on-line risk questionnaire. Through the on-line risk
questionnaire, MSTWA gathers specific financial data to develop a client's personalized profile. Once
the profile is completed, the client is then directed to the appropriate asset allocation model. The
models have been pre-defined to allocate capital based on the client's liquidity needs, portfolio goals,
tax objectives and risk tolerance. These model portfolios are rebalanced daily and offer one hour of
investment consultation per year as part of the management fee. Tax harvesting and financial planning
may be added, at the discretion of the client, at no additional cost. MSTWA offers these Intelligent
Portfolios to clients on a discretionary basis.
Financial Planning Services
MSTWA offers personal financial planning services which may include review of individual
investments; review and analysis of an existing portfolio; evaluation of the client's current financial
situation, financial goals and financial objectives; etc. Financial plans are based on a client's financial
situation at the time the plan is presented. If a client's financial situation, goals, objectives or needs
change, the client should immediately notify MSTWA. MSTWA typically provides its financial planning
services as part of its Wealth Management and Intelligent Portfolios services. Dependent upon the
scope and service selected, the preparation of each plan involves either guiding clients in gathering,
compiling, preparing, and analyzing personal financial data for the Wealth Management Service, or the
client gathering, compiling, preparing, analyzing and inputting the data via a client portal for the
Intelligent Portfolio service. At the completion of the financial planning process, the client has the
option to implement recommendations through MSTWA but is not obligated to do so. If MSTWA
assists in the implementation of any recommendations, clients may engage the firm separately for
those Services.
Retirement Plan Services
MSTWA, through its investment adviser representatives, provides investment advisory services to
retirement plans, as selected by the plan fiduciary. The services that may be selected are either ERISA
fiduciary services or ERISA non-fiduciary services, as identified, and may be provided on an annual or
as-needed basis. Retirement Plan clients have the option from selecting from the services described
below:
ERISA Fiduciary Services
MSTWA provides ERISA fiduciary services to the plan as a fiduciary under Section 3(21)(A)(ii) of
ERISA (non-discretionary adviser) and will act in good faith and with the degree of diligence, care and
skill that a prudent person rendering similar services would exercise under similar circumstances. As a
Section 3(21)(A)(ii) fiduciary, MSTWA will solely make recommendations to the plan fiduciary, and the
plan fiduciary retains full discretionary authority or control over the assets of the plan. MSTWA will
have no authority or responsibility in the administration of the retirement plan, in the interpretation of
the plan documents, in the determination of employee eligibility to participate in the plan, in the
calculation of plan benefits, or in the distribution of any notices to plan participants. MSTWA does not
act as an "investment manager" as defined under Section 3(38) of ERISA and does not have any
discretionary authority over any plan assets. MSTWA also does not act as plan "administrator" as
defined by ERISA, and is not the plan custodian, trustee, third party administrator or recordkeeper.
MSTWA does not have any authority or responsibility to vote proxies for securities held in the plan, or
take any action relating to shareholder rights regarding those securities.
Clients may choose from the following ERISA Fiduciary Services:
• Development of an Investment Policy Statement ("IPS"). MSTWA will review plan objectives,
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risk tolerance and goals of the plan with the plan sponsor. MSTWA will help plan sponsor
establish an investment policy statement to state the investment policies and objectives of the
plan. Plan sponsor will have the authority to adopt and implement the objectives and policies for
the plan.
•
• Recommendations to Select Asset Classes. MSTWA will provide non-discretionary investment
advice with regard to different asset classes and investment options available to help plan
fiduciary and/or plan administrators select asset classes and investment options consistent with
the investment goals and objectives of the plan.
Investment Strategy Review and Monitoring. MSTWA will conduct periodic due diligence and
provide information, reports and recommendations to assist plan fiduciary in monitoring and
evaluating the performance of the investment options and asset allocations available in the
plan. MSTWA will also provide information and recommendations to plan fiduciary or plan
administrators to remove or add investment options based on performance or other qualitative
measures.
ERISA Non-Fiduciary Services
In addition to the above described fiduciary services, MSTWA offers the following non-fiduciary
services solely in a capacity that is not considered a fiduciary under ERISA or any other applicable law:
•
• Plan Objectives and Design Options. MSTWA will assist plan fiduciary in determining the plan
objectives and structure of the plan. MSTWA will work with third party administrators for the
plan.
Investment Education. MSTWA will provide education for plan fiduciary regarding asset classes
and types of investment strategies available to the plan. Educational services will be general in
nature and will not speak to the individual circumstances of plan participants. MSTWA does not
provide fiduciary advice to plan participants.
• Plan Development and Service Providers. MSTWA will assist the plan fiduciary in evaluating
plan service providers, including the selection and evaluation of a third-party administrator, if
necessary.
If MSTWA recommends the rollover of existing qualified plan assets to an IRA rollover, MSTWA will
provide disclosure regarding the features of the rollover, including expenses. When making the
decision to roll over an employer sponsored retirement plan to an IRA, clients are encouraged to
consider the following factors:
• Options in the current plan
• Range of investment options
• Fees and expenses
• Services provided by employer sponsored plan
• Tax consequences
• Penalty-free withdrawals (55 in a plan versus 59 ½ in an IRA)
• Loans
• Adviser's services
Trustee Services
MSTWA offers trustee services whereby associates of the firm will serve as trustee for select clients
known to the firm, who've also engaged the firm for Wealth Management Services. Trustee Services
will include trust administration, including standard domestic tax return preparation and other trust
administrative services specified in an agreement signed with our firm. This service is offered at
MSTWA's sole discretion. MSTWA will not take physical custody of client funds or securities; rather,
funds and securities will be held at a qualified custodian. The capacity as trustee gives our firm custody
over the advisory accounts for which the associated person serves as trustee. These accounts will be
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held with a bank, broker-dealer, or other qualified custodian. If MSTWA acts as trustee for any client
advisory accounts, the client will receive account statements from the qualified custodian(s) holding the
funds and securities at least quarterly. Clients should carefully review account statements for accuracy.
These accounts are subject to an annual surprise examination by an independent accountant in order
to comply with the SEC's rule on the custody of client assets.
Rollover Recommendations
Effective December 20, 2021 (or such later date as the US Department of Labor ("DOL") Field
Assistance Bulletin 2018-02 ceases to be in effect), for purposes of complying with the DOL's
Prohibited Transaction Exemption 2020-02 ("PTE 2020-02") where applicable, we are providing the
following acknowledgment to you. When we provide investment advice to you regarding your
retirement plan account or individual retirement account, we are fiduciaries within the meaning of Title I
of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act and/or the Internal Revenue Code, as applicable,
which are laws governing retirement accounts. The way we make money creates some conflicts with
your interests, so we operate under a special rule that requires us to act in your best interest and not
put our interest ahead of yours. Under this special rule's provisions, we must:
• Meet a professional standard of care when making investment recommendations (give prudent
advice);
• Never put our financial interests ahead of yours when making recommendations (give loyal
advice);
• Avoid misleading statements about conflicts of interest, fees, and investments;
• Follow policies and procedures designed to ensure that we give advice that is in your best
interest;
• Charge no more than is reasonable for our services; and
• Give you basic information about conflicts of interest.
We benefit financially from the rollover of your assets from a retirement account to an account that we
manage or provide investment advice, because the assets increase our assets under management
and, in turn, our advisory fees. As a fiduciary, we only recommend a rollover when we believe it is in
your best interest.
General Information Related to Investment Recommendations
For each of the above disclosed advisory services, MSTWA does not limit its investment
recommendations to any specific type of product or security. A client's individual needs and objectives
are analyzed to determine appropriate investments and products for the client. Since different types of
investments typically involve different types of risk, the firm conducts a risk analysis of the client and
his/her overall portfolio, before recommending a certain investment. MSTWA manages assets on a
discretionary basis, and a client is always free to place restrictions on the types of investments the firm
recommends for the client's portfolio. In general, the firm utilizes equity investments in individual
stocks, preferred stocks, no-load or load-waived mutual funds, and exchange traded funds. MSTWA
also provides recommendations on fixed income investments, including individual bond positions, bond
mutual funds, certificates of deposit, and fixed income exchange traded funds. In addition, MSTWA
provides advice related to limited partnerships and non-securities products, including insurance
products.
Assets Under Management
As of December 31, 2025, Valley Brook Capital Group provides continuous management services
for $201,865,493 in client assets on a discretionary basis, and $21,402,369 in client assets on a non-
discretionary basis.
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Item 5 Fees and Compensation
Financial Planning Services
Financial planning services are typically provided to a client in conjunction with either the Wealth
Management or Intelligent Portfolio Service at no cost, based on need. Therefore, a separate financial
planning fee is not typically charged. In the event that MSTWA was to charge for separate financial
planning services, the firm would assess fees on an hourly fee basis at a rate of $125 per hour. The
firm may require an up-front retainer based on an estimate of the total hourly fee, with the remaining
hourly fees billed to the client as services are rendered.
In addition to other financial planning services, MSTWA may also offer advice on single subject
financial planning/general consulting services at the same hourly rate. MSTWA will not require
prepayment of a fee more than six months in advance and in excess of $1,200. At the firm's
discretion, we may offset our financial planning fees to the extent you implement the financial plan
through our Wealth Management Service.
Wealth Management Services
Wealth Management Services (including Retirement Plan Services) are typically billed as a percentage
of assets under management. In some cases, clients may be charged an annual flat fee, as negotiated
between MSTWA and the client. The specific fee arrangement will be disclosed in the Wealth
Management Agreement signed by the client at the inception of the engagement.
The annual fee for Wealth Management Services are as follows:
Total Assets Under Management Annual Fee
Up to $1,000,000
$1,000,001 to $4,000,000
$4,000,001 to $6,000,000
Above $6,000,000
1.00%
0.90%
0.75%
Negotiable
This fee may be negotiable at the sole discretion of MSTWA, depending on the complexity of the
services provided and the amount of assets under management. This fee is billed quarterly, in
advance, based on the value of the portfolio as determined by the account custodian on the last
business day of the preceding quarter. In limited circumstances, the fee may be billed according to a
different methodology, as disclosed by the custodian of assets in the account opening agreement. For
the initial quarter that services are provided, fees are assessed pro-rata, based on the number of days
in the quarter the Wealth Management Agreement is in effect and the total dollar amount of the initial
deposit. Fees are typically debited from a client's brokerage account, with written authorization from
the client. The custodian will send to the Client a statement, at least quarterly, indicating all amounts
disbursed from the account, including the amount of fees paid directly to Valley Brook Capital Group. It
is the client's responsibility to review these statements carefully, to verify the accuracy of fees debited.
In some cases, MSTWA will allow clients to directly remit payment for advisory fees, upon presentation
of an invoice.
At MSTWA's discretion, we may combine the account values of family members living in the same
household to determine the applicable advisory fee. Combining account values may increase the asset
total, which may result in a client paying a reduced advisory fee based on the available breakpoints in
our fee schedule stated above.
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Automated Asset Management Services - Intelligent Portfolio Services
Intelligent Portfolio Services are billed as a percentage of assets under management. The specific fee
arrangement will be disclosed in the Intelligent Portfolio Management Agreement signed by the client
at the inception of the engagement.
The annual fee for Intelligent Portfolio Services are as follows:
$5,000 and above .50%
This fee is billed quarterly, in advance, based on the value of the portfolio as determined by the
account custodian on the last business day of the preceding quarter. For the initial quarter that
services are provided, fees are assessed pro-rata, based on the number of days in the quarter the
Intelligent Portfolio Management Agreement is in effect and the total dollar amount of the initial deposit.
Fees are typically debited from a client's brokerage account, with written authorization from the client.
The custodian will send to the Client a statement, at least quarterly, indicating all amounts disbursed
from the account, including the amount of fees paid directly to MSTWA.
Trustee Services
Clients must engage MSTWA for Wealth Management Services in order to engage our firm for Trustee
Services. Fees for Trustee Services, which are separate and in addition to fees for Wealth
Management Services, are charged quarterly in advance, as an annual percentage of assets under
management based on the value at the end of the preceding quarter. Fees may be negotiable at the
sole discretion of MSTWA but will typically adhere to the below fee schedule:
• First $5,000,000 - 0.25%
• Next $5,000,000 - 0.10%
• Next $15,000,000 - 0.05%
• Above $25,000,000 - 0.025%
Fees are typically debited from a client's custodial account, with written authorization from the client.
The client will receive a statement from the custodian, at least quarterly, indicating all amounts
disbursed from the account including the amount of fees paid directly to MSTWA. It is the client's
responsibility to review these statements carefully, to verify the accuracy of fees debited. In some
cases, MSTWA will allow clients to directly remit payment for advisory fees, upon presentation of an
invoice.
General Information Related to Fees and Compensation
While MSTWA has established the above referenced fee schedule for its advisory services, the firm
may negotiate fees under certain, limited circumstances, at its sole discretion for the Wealth
Management Services. Factors considered when determining whether a different fee will be negotiated
include, among other things, the complexity of the client's financial situation, related accounts under
management, portfolio style, and the provision of other services provided to the client. Clients will
receive advance written notice of any change in their applicable fee schedules. Investment advisory
services provided by MSTWA may cost a client more or less than advisory services offered by other
investment advisors. MSTWA will not be compensated on the basis of a share of capital gains in a
client's account.
In addition to advisory fees, clients may be subject to custodial and account fees charged by account
custodians or broker/dealers with whom clients establish accounts. Such additional fees may include,
but are not limited to, transaction charges, IRA fees and other account administrative fees. Please see
additional disclosure made for Item 12, Brokerage Practices, later in this brochure. In cases where
shares of mutual funds or exchange traded funds are included in clients' portfolios, clients may also be
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subject to fees and expenses charged directly by the mutual fund or exchange traded fund company.
Such fees may include, but are not limited to, management fees, fund expenses, distribution fees, and
12b-1 fees. MSTWA does not receive any portion of these fees. Clients should refer to the applicable
product prospectus for a complete discussion of the fees and charges associated with the product.
While MSTWA endeavors to select the lowest-cost share class available for a given mutual fund, the
firm cannot guarantee that the lowest cost is always purchased depending on specific client
circumstances and/or mutual fund performance or other factors. Careful analysis is given to each
product recommended to a client, including analysis of fees, and the firm recommends products it feels
are in the best interest of clients.
Clients have the option of purchasing investment products through any broker/dealer of their choice;
however, MSTWA associates may not be able to provide Asset Management Services for assets
purchased away from custodians recommended by MSTWA.
If MSTWA makes recommendations to clients for the purchase of insurance products, clients may pay
a normal and customary insurance product fees for the purchase of the product. In these cases,
MSTWA's associated persons may receive commissions, as insurance agents, generally based upon a
percentage of the premiums paid. Such insurance commission is paid directly to the MSTWA associate
from the issuer of the insurance product. MSTWA makes this service available to clients simply as a
convenience to clients. Clients are not obligated to purchase any insurance product s from MSTWA's
associates.
Clients may terminate Investment Advisory Agreements at any time upon prior written notice. If an
Agreement is terminated within the first five business days, clients are entitled to a full refund of any
fees paid. If an Investment Advisory Agreement is terminated after more than five business days,
clients may be assessed fees on a pro-rata basis at the sole discretion of MSTWA, based on the
number of days that investment management services were provided.
Item 6 Performance-Based Fees and Side-By-Side Management
MSTWA does not currently charge performance-based fees for its advisory services.
Item 7 Types of Clients
MSTWA provides investment advisory services to individuals, high-net worth individuals, corporations
or other businesses, pension and profit-sharing plans, trust, and estates and charitable organizations.
In general, MSTWA requires that Wealth Management and Intelligent Portfolio clients maintain a
minimum account balance of $5,000. This minimum may be waived at MSTWA's sole discretion. In
addition, MSTWA may charge a minimum fee of $1,000.00 annually, which may be waived or reduced
at the sole discretion of MSTWA.
MSTWA provides Trustee Services to clients for whom the firm also provides Wealth Management
Services. MSTWA will typically not provide Trustee Services as a standalone service offering.
Item 8 Methods of Analysis, Investment Strategies and Risk of Loss
There are general standards of education and business experience which MSTWA requires of those
involved in determining or giving investment advice to its clients. MSTWA associates are required to
have the technical knowledge in the areas of securities portfolio management. MSTWA requires that
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all advisors be college graduates in a related field (accounting, economics, business, etc.) and/or have
achieved a professional designation (CFP, CLU, ChFC, CFA etc.) or are working toward achieving the
designation.
In most instances, the method of security analysis, sources of information and investment strategy
chosen for a Wealth Management client will be dictated by the client's investment needs and objectives
which are discussed with the client at the inception of the advisory relationship. In addition to reviewing
documents and materials provided by product sponsors or research services, MSTWA may, in some
cases, conduct on-site due diligence visits where necessary or appropriate. For Wealth Management
clients, MSTWA takes a comprehensive approach to evaluate an overall portfolio strategy and asset
allocation that meets a client's needs and objectives. Rather than focusing on specific investments,
MSTWA identifies an appropriate ratio of securities, fixed income investments, real estate investments
and cash, to build a portfolio that is suitable for a client's investment needs, objectives and risk
tolerance. Portfolios are typically made up of various equity and debt-based securities, including
individual stocks, no-load or load-waived mutual funds, fixed income securities, exchange traded
funds, and other investments.
MSTWA conducts its research on the investments it recommends using publicly available performance
information. MSTWA utilizes a wide variety of research, news, periodical and internet outlets to
research investment ideas and formulate opinions. These include:
Investor's Business Daily
The Economist
The Wall Street Journal
Charles Schwab Institutional
Yahoo Finance
For mutual funds and exchange traded funds, MSTWA evaluates the experience and track record of
product managers, to determine whether a manager has demonstrated the ability to manage assets
under varying economic situations. MSTWA also evaluates the underlying investments in a mutual
fund or exchange traded fund, to determine whether the manager invests in a manner that is
consistent with the fund's investment objective. A risk associated with this type of analysis is that past
performance is not a guarantee of future results. While a manager may have demonstrated a certain
level of success in past economic times, he or she may not be able to replicate that success in future
markets. In addition, just because a manager may have invested in a certain manner in past years,
such manager may deviate from his/her strategy in future years. To mitigate this risk, MSTWA
attempts to select investments from companies with proven track records that have demonstrated a
consistent level of performance and success. MSTWA also relies on an assumption that the rating
agency it uses to evaluate investments is providing accurate and unbiased analysis.
MSTWA uses investment management strategies that it feels best meet its clients' needs and
objectives. Typically, such strategies include holding investments for a year or longer. However, clients
of the firm may have different risk objectives and time horizons. In addition, market conditions may
cause MSTWA to have more frequent investment turnover in client accounts. While this strategy
typically meets the needs and objectives of our clients, long-term investment strategies may include
the risk of not taking advantage of short-term gains that could be profitable to a client. In addition, all
securities investments involve risk and clients may lose all or part of their investment. Clients who elect
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to invest in securities must be willing to bear this risk. For this reason, MSTWA determines an
appropriate risk tolerance for its clients. Investment recommendations are always made with this risk
tolerance in mind.
Investments in securities products involve risk, including the possible risk of loss of all or a portion of a
client's principal. Clients must be willing to bear this investment risk when choosing to invest in
securities products.
Our Methods of Analysis and Investment Strategies
We may use one or more of the following methods of analysis or investment strategies when providing
investment advice:
Technical Analysis - involves studying past price patterns, trends and interrelationships in the
financial markets to assess risk-adjusted performance and predict the direction of both the overall
market and specific securities.
Risk: The risk of market timing based on technical analysis is that our analysis may not accurately
detect anomalies or predict future price movements. Current prices of securities may reflect all
information known about the security and day-to-day changes in market prices of securities may follow
random patterns and may not be predictable with any reliable degree of accuracy.
Fundamental Analysis - involves analyzing individual companies and their industry groups, such as a
company's financial statements, details regarding the company's product line, the experience and
expertise of the company's management, and the outlook for the company and its industry. The
resulting data is used to measure the true value of the company's stock compared to the current
market value.
Risk: The risk of fundamental analysis is that information obtained may be incorrect and the analysis
may not provide an accurate estimate of earnings, which may be the basis for a stock's value. If
securities prices adjust rapidly to new information, utilizing fundamental analysis may not result in
favorable performance.
Modern Portfolio Theory - a theory of investment which attempts to maximize portfolio expected
return for a given amount of portfolio risk, or equivalently minimize risk for a given level of expected
return, by carefully diversifying the proportions of various assets.
Risk: Market risk is that part of a security's risk that is common to all securities of the same general
class (stocks and bonds) and thus cannot be eliminated by diversification.
Long-Term Purchases - securities purchased with the expectation that the value of those securities
will grow over a relatively long period of time, generally greater than one year.
Risk: Using a long-term purchase strategy generally assumes the financial markets will go up in the
long-term which may not be the case. There is also the risk that the segment of the market in which an
investor is invested, or perhaps just a particular investment, will go down over time even if the overall
financial markets advance. Purchasing investments long-term may create an opportunity cost -
"locking-up" assets that may be better utilized in the short-term in other investments.
Short-Term Purchases - securities purchased with the expectation that they will be sold within a
relatively short period of time, generally less than one year, to take advantage of the securities' short-
term price fluctuations.
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Risk: Using a short-term purchase strategy generally assumes that one can predict how financial
markets will perform in the short-term, and will incur a disproportionately higher amount of transaction
costs compared to long-term trading. There are many factors that can affect financial market
performance in the short-term (such as short-term interest rate changes, cyclical earnings
announcements, etc.) but may have a smaller impact over longer periods of times.
Valley Brook's investment strategies and advice may vary depending upon each client's specific
financial situation. As such, we determine investments and allocations based on a client's predefined
objectives, risk tolerance, time horizon, financial information, liquidity needs and other suitability
factors. A client's restrictions and guidelines may also affect the composition of their portfolio. It is
important that clients notify us immediately with respect to any material changes to their
financial circumstances, including for example, a change in current or expected income level,
tax circumstances, or employment status.
Artificial Intelligence Risk: We may use artificial intelligence ("AI") in our business operations, in
order to promote operational efficiency and augment our client service. We currently do not knowingly
utilize AI in our investment selection process or to formulate the specific investment advice we render
to you. AI models are highly complex and may result in output that is incomplete or incorrect. Our use
of AI includes certain third-party technologies aimed at driving operational efficiency by automating
meeting prep, meeting notes, CRM updates, meeting recap notes, task management, and other client
service related functions. We believe the use of this technology allows us to reduce administrative
time, prepare for client engagement, and improve overall client experience. The use of AI poses risks
related to the challenges the Company faces in properly managing its use. Content generated by AI
technologies may be deficient, inaccurate, or biased, and the use of AI tools may lead to errors in
decision-making. Use of AI tools could also pose risks related to the protection of client or proprietary
information. Such risks may include the exposure of confidential information to unauthorized recipients,
violation of data privacy rights, or other data leakage events. For example, in the case of generative AI,
if confidential information, including material non-public information or personal identifiable information
is input into an AI application, such information is at risk of becoming part of a dataset accessible by
other AI applications and users. The regulatory environment relating to AI is rapidly evolving and could
require changes in our adoption and implementation of AI technology in the future. The use of AI may
also expose us to litigation risk or regulatory risk.
Tax Considerations
Valley Brook's strategies and investments have tax implications. Regardless of account size or any
other factors, Valley Brook strongly recommends that clients consult with a tax professional regarding
the investing of assets. Custodians and broker-dealers must report the cost basis of equities acquired
in client accounts. Custodians will default to the First-In First-Out ("FIFO") accounting method for
calculating the cost basis of investments. Clients are responsible for contacting their tax advisor to
determine if this accounting method is the right choice for them. If a client's tax advisor believes
another accounting method is more advantageous, the client should provide written notice to our firm
immediately and we will alert the custodian of the individually selected accounting method. Decisions
about cost basis accounting methods will need to be made before trades settle, as the cost basis
method cannot be changed after settlement.
Risk of Loss
Investing in securities involves risk of loss that investors should be prepared to bear. Valley Brook
does not represent or guarantee that our services or methods of analysis can or will predict future
results, successfully identify market tops or bottoms, or insulate clients from losses due to market
corrections or declines. Valley Brook cannot offer any guarantees or promises that financial goals and
objectives will be met. Past performance is in no way an indication of future performance.
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Other Risk Considerations
When evaluating risk, financial loss may be viewed differently by each client and may depend on many
different risks, each of which may affect the probability and magnitude of any potential loses. The
following risks may not be all-inclusive, but should be considered carefully by a prospective client
before retaining our services.
Liquidity Risk: The risk of being unable to sell an investment at a fair price at a given time due to high
volatility or lack of active liquid markets. An investor may receive a lower price or it may not be possible
to sell the investment at all.
Credit Risk: Credit risk typically applies to debt investments such as corporate, municipal, and
sovereign fixed income or bonds. A bond issuing entity can experience a credit event that could impair
or erase the value of an issuer's securities held by a client.
Inflation and Interest Rate Risk: Security prices and portfolio returns will likely vary in response to
changes in inflation and interest rates. Inflation causes the value of future dollars to be worth less and
may reduce the purchasing power of a client's future interest payments and principal. Inflation also
generally leads to higher interest rates which may cause the value of many types of fixed income
investments to decline.
Horizon and Longevity Risk: The risk that an investor's investment horizon is shortened because of an
unforeseen event, for example, the loss of a job. This may force an investor to sell investments that
were expected to be held for the long term. If an investor must sell at a time that markets are down,
he/she may lose money. Longevity Risk is the risk of outliving savings. This risk is particularly relevant
for people who are retired, or are nearing retirement.
Recommendation of Particular Types of Securities
Valley Brook recommends various types of securities and does not primarily recommend one particular
type of security over another since each client has different needs and different tolerance for risk. Each
type of security has its own unique set of risks associated with it and it would not be possible to list
here all of the specific risks of every type of investment. Even within the same type of investment, risks
can vary widely. However, in general terms, the higher the anticipated return of an investment, the
higher the risk of loss associated with the investment. A description of the types of securities Valley
Brook recommends and some of their inherent risks are provided below.
Money Market Funds: A money market fund is technically a security. The fund managers attempt to
keep the share price constant at $1/share. However, there is no guarantee that the share price will stay
at $1/share. In return for this risk, an investor should earn a greater return on cash than one would
expect from a Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation ("FDIC") insured savings account (money market
funds are not FDIC insured). Next, money market fund rates are variable and the rate could go up or
go down. A final risk with money market funds has to do with inflation. Because money market funds
are considered to be safer than other investments like stocks, long-term average returns on money
market funds tends to be less than long term average returns on riskier investments. Over long periods
of time, inflation can impact returns.
Certificates of Deposit: Certificates of deposit ("CD") are generally a safe type of investment since
they are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Company ("FDIC") up to a certain amount.
However, because returns are generally low, there is risk that inflation outpaces the return of the CD.
Certain CDs are traded in the market place and not purchased directly from a banking institution. In
addition to trading risk, when CDs are purchased at a premium, the premium is not covered by the
FDIC.
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Municipal Securities: Municipal securities, while generally thought of as safe, can have significant
risks associated with them including, but not limited to: the credit worthiness of the governmental entity
that issues the bond; the stability of the revenue stream that is used to pay the interest to the
bondholders; when the bond is due to mature; and, whether or not the bond can be "called" prior to
maturity. When a bond is called, it may not be possible to replace it with a bond of equal character
paying the same amount of interest or yield to maturity.
Bonds: Corporate debt securities (or "bonds") are typically safer investments than equity securities,
but their risk can also vary widely based on: the financial health of the issuer; the risk that the issuer
might default; when the bond is set to mature; and, whether or not the bond can be "called" prior to
maturity. When a bond is called, it may not be possible to replace it with a bond of equal character
paying the same rate of return.
Stocks: There are numerous ways of measuring the risk of equity securities (also known simply as
"equities" or "stock"). In broad terms, the value of a stock depends on the financial health of the
company issuing it. However, stock prices can be affected by many other factors including, but not
limited to the class of stock (for example, preferred or common); the health of the market sector of the
issuing company; and, the overall health of the economy. In general, larger, better established
companies ("large cap") tend to be safer than smaller start-up companies ("small cap") are but the
mere size of an issuer is not, by itself, an indicator of the safety of the investment.
Mutual Funds and Exchange Traded Funds: Mutual funds and exchange traded funds ("ETF") are
professionally managed collective investment systems that pool money from many investors and invest
in stocks, bonds, short-term money market instruments, other mutual funds, other securities, or any
combination thereof. The fund will have a manager that trades the fund's investments in accordance
with the fund's investment objective. While mutual funds and ETFs generally provide diversification,
risks can be significantly increased if the fund is concentrated in a particular sector of the market,
primarily invests in small cap or speculative companies, uses leverage (i.e., borrows money) to a
significant degree, or concentrates in a particular type of security (i.e., equities) rather than balancing
the fund with different types of securities. ETFs differ from mutual funds since they can be bought and
sold throughout the day like stock and their price can fluctuate throughout the day. The returns on
mutual funds and ETFs can be reduced by the costs to manage the funds. Also, while some mutual
funds are "no load" and charge no fee to buy into, or sell out of, the fund, other types of mutual funds
do charge such fees which can also reduce returns. Mutual funds can also be "closed end" or "open
end". Open end mutual funds continue to allow in new investors indefinitely whereas closed end funds
have a fixed number of shares to sell, which can limit their availability to new investors.
ETFs may have tracking error risks. For example, the ETF investment adviser may not be able to
cause the ETF's performance to match that of its underlying index or other benchmark, which may
negatively affect the ETF's performance. In addition, for leveraged and inverse ETFs that seek to track
the performance of their underlying indices or benchmarks on a daily basis, mathematical
compounding may prevent the ETF from correlating with performance of its benchmark. In addition, an
ETF may not have investment exposure to all of the securities included in its underlying index, or its
weighting of investment exposure to such securities may vary from that of the underlying index. Some
ETFs may invest in securities or financial instruments that are not included in the underlying index, but
which are expected to yield similar performance.
Variable Annuities: A variable annuity is a form of insurance where the seller or issuer (typically an
insurance company) makes a series of future payments to a buyer (annuitant) in exchange for the
immediate payment of a lump sum (single-payment annuity) or a series of regular payments (regular-
payment annuity). The payment stream from the issuer to the annuitant has an unknown duration
based principally upon the date of death of the annuitant. Annuities can be purchased to provide an
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income during retirement. Unlike fixed annuities that make payments in fixed amounts or in amounts
that increase by a fixed percentage, variable annuities, pay amounts that vary according to the
performance of a specified set of investments, typically bond and equity mutual funds. Many variable
annuities impose asset-based sales charges or surrender charges for withdrawals within a specified
period. Variable annuities may impose a variety of fees and expenses, in addition to sales and
surrender charges, such as mortality and expense risk charges; administrative fees; underlying fund
expenses; and charges for special features, all of which can reduce the return. Earnings in a variable
annuity do not provide all the tax advantages of 401(k)s and other before-tax retirement plans. Once
the investor starts withdrawing money from their variable annuity, earnings are taxed at the ordinary
income rate, rather than at the lower capital gains rates applied to other non-tax-deferred vehicles
which are held for more than one year. Proceeds of most variable annuities do not receive a "step-up"
in cost basis when the owner dies like stocks, bonds and mutual funds do. Some variable annuities
offer "bonus credits." In order to fund thedr bonus credits, insurance companies typically impose
mortality and expense charges and surrender charge periods. In an exchange of an existing annuity for
a new annuity (so-called 1035 exchanges), the new variable annuity may have a lower contract value
and a smaller death benefit; may impose new surrender charges or increase the period of time for
which the surrender charge applies; may have higher annual fees; and provide another commission for
the broker.
Real Estate Investment Trust: A real estate investment trust ("REIT") is a corporate entity which
invests in real estate and/or engages in real estate financing. A REIT reduces or eliminates corporate
income taxes. REITs can be publicly or privately held. Public REITs may be listed on public stock
exchanges. REITs are required to declare 90% of their taxable income as dividends, but they actually
pay dividends out of funds from operations, so cash flow has to be strong or the REIT must either dip
into reserves, borrow to pay dividends, or distribute them in stock (which causes dilution). Most REITs
must refinance or erase large balloon debts periodically. Some REITs may be forced to make
secondary stock offerings to repay debt, which will lead to additional dilution of the stockholders.
Fluctuations in the real estate market can affect the REIT's value and dividends.
Item 9 Disciplinary Information
Registered investment advisers are required to disclose all material facts regarding any legal or
disciplinary events that would be material to your evaluation of Valley Brook Capital Group or the
integrity of the firm's management. The firm has no reportable information applicable to this Item.
Item 10 Other Financial Industry Activities and Affiliations
Associates of Valley Brook Capital Group are licensed to sell various insurance products for which the
associates receive product commissions. The potential for this additional compensation creates a
conflict of interest when making advisory recommendations that involve insurance products for which
commissions may be earned. MSTWA makes insurance recommendations when they feel it is in the
client's best interest, based on the specific needs and objectives of the client. The potential for
additional compensation is not a criterion on which these recommendations are based.
Certain associates of MSTWA are also Certified Public Accountants and offer accountancy services
through McCall Scanlon & Tice, LLC ("MST"). These services are separate and apart from the advisory
services offered by MSTWA. As accountants, certain MSTWA associates will be compensated for
services provided by MST and such compensation is separate from advisory fees earned by MSTWA.
Clients may be referred to MST for accounting services, or clients may be referred to MSTWA by MST.
In either case, clients are under no obligation to use the services of either entity when referred, and
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services are not conditioned upon whether client is a client of MST or MSTWA. A conflict of interest
exits, however, when clients are clients of both MSTWA and MST in that certain MSTWA associates
are incented to recommend the services of MST by the receipt of additional compensation.
Item 11 Code of Ethics, Participation or Interest in Client Transactions and
Personal Trading
Valley Brook Capital Group has adopted a Code of Ethics, to which MSTWA associates are subject, to
promote the principles of honesty and integrity in its business practices, and to maintain the firm's
reputation as a firm that operates with the highest level of professionalism. MSTWA recognizes its
fiduciary responsibilities to its clients, and its duty and pledge to place clients' interests first and
foremost. In connection with this duty, all employees of MSTWA are subject to the firm's Code of
Ethics and are required to acknowledge their understanding of its terms. A copy of the MSTWA Code
of Ethics will be provided to any client or prospective client upon request.
Valley Brook Capital Group's Code of Ethics establishes procedures for employees to report personal
securities transactions and personal securities holdings. The Code sets forth procedures for
management review of these reports. In some cases, MSTWA's employees may be required to obtain
pre-approval for certain personal securities transactions or refrain from certain transactions altogether.
Valley Brook Capital Group's Code of Ethics also sets forth the obligation of all MSTWA employees to
comply with applicable state and federal securities laws, and the duty to cooperate in any investigation
or inquiry conducted on or by MSTWA. Finally, the firm's Code of Ethics establishes procedures for the
reporting of any potential violation of the firm's Code.
MSTWA or its owners, officers and employees may buy or sell securities that are the same or different
than those they recommend to clients. While buying or selling the same security as a client would be
incidental, it may represent a potential conflict of interest, which would be fully disclosed to the client.
MSTWA or its owners, officers and employees may not sell securities from their accounts directly to a
client, nor may they purchase securities directly from a client.
MSTWA, its owners, officers and employees are prohibited from trading on material nonpublic
information. MSTWA does not trade ahead of clients, but instead puts clients' interests first. Employees
may not purchase or sell any security prior to a transaction being implemented for an advisory client,
unless the timing of such transaction was done without the employee's knowledge of a client's
transaction. MSTWA endeavors to ensure that the personal trading activities of its owners, officers and
employees do not interfere with the decision-making process for client investment recommendations.
MSTWA also endeavors to ensure that the personal trading activities of its owners, officers and
employees do not interfere with the implementation of investment recommendations made to clients.
MSTWA prohibits its owners, officers, and employees from participating in any principal transactions,
where securities are purchased directly from, or sold directly to a client. MSTWA also prohibits its
owners, officers and employees from purchasing shares in initial public offerings or private placement
offerings, unless express written permission is provided in advance, by the firm's Chief Compliance
Officer. Valley Brook, its owners, officers and employees, do not recommend to clients that they buy or
sell securities in which a person associated with MSTWA has a material financial interest.
MSTWA or persons associated with the firm may buy or sell securities for clients at the same time the
firm or persons associated with the firm buy or sell such securities for their own accounts. MSTWA
may also combine firm orders to purchase securities with client orders to purchase securities ("block
trading"). Refer to the Brokerage Practices section in this brochure for information on our block trading
practices.
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Item 12 Brokerage Practices
For Wealth Management clients, MSTWA recommends that clients maintain brokerage accounts at the
Schwab Institutional division of Charles Schwab & Co, Inc. ("Schwab"). For Intelligent Portfolio clients,
accounts must be maintained at Schwab. Schwab is an unaffiliated registered broker/dealers and
members SIPC. While clients may choose to use a different broker/dealer for execution and custodial
services, MSTWA may be unable to provide Wealth Management Account services to clients who elect
to use other firms. MSTWA routinely recommends that clients utilize the brokerage and custodial
services offered by Schwab, unlike other advisors who may permit clients to direct brokerage.
MSTWA provides investment advisory services on a discretionary basis. Clients are free to place
restrictions on investment recommendations made by MSTWA.
MSTWA is unable to negotiate specific transaction costs for transaction execution. Transactions
executed by Schwab are subject to the transaction and execution fee schedule in effect at the time of
execution. MSTWA does not negotiate commission rates or volume discounts. Therefore, brokerage
and investment advisory services offered by MSTWA may cost a client more or less than similar
investment advisory services offered by another firm, or by purchasing similar services separately.
As noted previously, MSTWA recommends the custodial and execution services of Schwab. MSTWA
receives economic benefits through its use of this custodial service. These benefits may include:
receipt of duplicate trade confirmations; access to research; access to a trading desk serving advisor
participants; access to block trading (which provides the ability to aggregate securities transactions for
execution and then allocate the appropriate shares to client accounts); the ability to have advisory fees
deducted directly from client accounts; access to an electronic communications network for client order
entry and account information; access to mutual funds with no transaction fees and to certain
institutional money managers; and discounts on compliance, marketing, technology and practice
management products or services provided to MSTWA by third party vendors. These benefits received
by the firm do not depend on the amount of brokerage transactions directed to either firm.
As part of its fiduciary duty to clients, MSTWA endeavors at all times to put clients' interests first.
Clients should be aware, however, that the receipt of economic benefits by the firm in and of itself
creates a potential conflict of interest. While MSTWA feels the quality of custodial services provided by
Schwab is beneficial to clients, the firm cannot guarantee that best execution will be obtained.
MSTWA does not recommend broker/dealers in order to receive client referrals from such
broker/dealers. MSTWA may aggregate the purchase or sale of securities for various client accounts,
and clients will be afforded an average-priced allocation.
Mutual funds are sold with different share classes, which carry different cost structures. Each available
share class is described in the mutual fund's prospectus. When we purchase, or recommend the
purchase of, mutual funds for a client, we select the share class that is deemed to be in the client's
best interest, taking into consideration cost, tax implications, and other factors. When the fund is
available for purchase at net asset value, we will purchase, or recommend the purchase of, the fund at
net asset value. We also review the mutual funds held in accounts that come under our management
to determine whether a more beneficial share class is available, considering cost, tax implications, and
the impact of contingent deferred sales charges.
Item 13 Review of Accounts
Wealth Management Services: On an ongoing basis, all accounts are monitored for aggregate
performance in light of general market and economic conditions. Each account undergoes a thorough
review at least quarterly. Each account is reviewed in light of the client's specific objectives, overall
18
market conditions and current asset mix. Recommendations are made at the end of these reviews, as
necessary, for the rebalancing of an account or to recommend alternative investments. More frequent
reviews may be made when there are material market changes or changes in the client's financial
situation. All reviews are conducted by Principals of MSTWA and/or Valley Brook Capital Group.
MSTWA typically provides reports to clients on a quarterly basis, and at least an annual basis. Reports
may also be issued monthly, semi-annually or annually dependent upon the client's request and the
services contracted for in the Wealth Management Services Agreement. The firm utilizes an
independent third-party performance reporting system from Morningstar, Inc. that aggregates and
reconciles client account data to produce regular statements. This web site is maintained by the
independent third-party performance reporting system. Clients also receive normal and customary
brokerage account statements, if applicable, whenever there is activity in the accounts or at least
quarterly. Clients should compare account information provided in reports furnished by MSTWA with
the information provided on the custodial brokerage statements.
Intelligent Portfolio Services: On a yearly basis, all accounts are monitored for aggregate
performance in light of general market and economic conditions. Each account undergoes a review at
least yearly. Each account is reviewed in light of the client's specific objectives, overall market
conditions and current asset mix. All reviews are conducted by Principals of MSTWA and/or Valley
Brook Capital Group.
MSTWA typically provides reports to clients on a quarterly basis, and at least an annual basis. The firm
utilizes an independent third-party performance reporting system from Morningstar Inc. that aggregates
and reconciles client account data to produce regular statements. This web site is maintained by the
independent third-party performance reporting system. Clients also receive normal and customary
brokerage account statements, if applicable, whenever there is activity in the accounts or at least
quarterly. Clients should compare account information provided in reports furnished by MSTWA with
the information provided on the custodial brokerage statements.
Financial Planning Services: A comprehensive financial plan may be completed for a client. If the
client engages MSTWA for Wealth Management or Intelligent Portfolio services, the client's overall
financial plan may be reviewed at the discretion of the client and MSTWA.
Item 14 Client Referrals and Other Compensation
As discussed previously, the sole business of MSTWA is that of providing the investment advisory
services described herein. However, in order to provide comprehensive investment advisory services,
MSTWA may, from time to time, utilize other professionals from whom clients may receive specific
advice.
If MSTWA makes recommendations to clients for the purchase of insurance products, clients may pay
a normal and customary insurance commission for the purchase of the product. In these cases, Valley
Brook Capital Group's associated persons may receive a commission, as an insurance agent,
generally based upon a percentage of the premiums paid. Such insurance commission is paid directly
to Valley Brook Capital Group from the issuer of the insurance product.
MSTWA makes this service available to clients simply as a convenience to clients. Clients are not
obligated to purchase any insurance products from MSTWA's associate. The receipt of additional
compensation presents a conflict of interest in that MSTWA's associate may be induced to recommend
that clients purchase insurance products. While this may be true, MSTWA's associate endeavors at all
times to act in the best interests of their clients, and recommendations to purchase insurance products
are only made when MSTWA feels it is in the best interest of a client.
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From time to time, MSTWA may feel it is appropriate to refer clients to other professionals from whom
certain services may be received as part of a comprehensive approach to financial planning. Examples
of these other professionals include attorneys or accountants. MSTWA has a specific relationship with
McCall Scanlon & Tice, LLC accountancy firm, as described in Item 10 above. Certain associates of
MST are also associates of MSTWA and receive compensation as investment adviser representatives
and as accountants. In some cases, clients of MSTWA may also be clients of MST and fees are
charged by both entities. While certain associates of MSTWA may earn compensation from MST as
accountants, MSTWA does not share in this compensation and is not directly compensated by MST.
MSTWA makes these professional referrals as a convenience to clients only. Clients are not obligated
to work with the professionals to whom MSTWA may refer them, and they do so at their sole
discretion. MSTWA is not responsible or liable for any services provided by these outside
professionals.
MSTWA may engage solicitors from whom client referrals are received pursuant to SEC Rule 206(4)-1
and subject to an agreement. These solicitors are not employees of MSTWA but instead are
independent contractors with whom MSTWA has a business relationship. MSTWA reserves the right to
determine whether advisory services will be provided to clients referred by solicitor ("referred clients").
Investment advice is not offered by the solicitor and only MSTWA associates may offer investment
advice to referred clients. In the event that referred clients become advisory clients of MSTWA, the firm
will compensate the solicitor for such referral. Compensation will be based on a percentage of the fee
that MSTWA charges for its services. Advisory fees are fully described in Item 5 above.
Charles Schwab & Co., Inc - Institutional
In addition, MSTWA receives an economic benefit from Schwab in the form of the support products
and services it makes available to us and other independent investment advisors whose clients
maintain their accounts at Schwab. These products and services, how they benefit us, and the related
conflicts of interest are described above (see Item 12 - Brokerage Practices). The availability to us of
Schwab's products and services is not based on us giving particular investment advice, such as buying
particular securities for our clients.
Item 15 Custody
MSTWA does not maintain physical custody of client funds or securities, but the firm does have the
ability to debit advisory fees directly from client accounts, as agreed to in writing by the client. MSTWA
also is deemed to maintain custody to the extent that the firm allows clients to execute standing letters
of authorization for asset movement in brokerage accounts. MSTWA adheres to rules and regulations
for firms with this type of custody and client accounts are held at qualified custodians that are not
affiliated with MSTWA. Clients receive normal and customary custodial account statements at least
quarterly, which detail activity including the amount of advisory fees debited from an account. Clients
are strongly encouraged to review all statements carefully. Clients, not account custodians, are
responsible for verifying the accuracy of all fees.
Standing Letters of Authorization
Our firm, or persons associated with our firm, may effect asset transfers from client accounts to one or
more third parties designated in writing by the client, without obtaining written client consent for each
separate, individual transaction, provided the client has given us written authorization to do so. Such
written authorization is known as a Standing Letter of Authorization. An adviser with authority to
conduct such third party asset transfers on a client's behalf has access to the client's assets, and
therefore has custody of the client's assets in any related accounts.
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However, we do not have to obtain a surprise annual audit if we are deemed to have custody solely for
this reason, as we otherwise would be required to by reason of having custody, as long as we meet the
following criteria:
1. You provide a written, signed instruction to the qualified custodian that includes the third party's
name and address or account number at a custodian;
2. You authorize us in writing to direct transfers to the third party either on a specified schedule or
from time to time;
3. Your qualified custodian verifies your authorization (e.g., signature review) and provides a
transfer of funds notice to you promptly after each transfer;
4. You can terminate or change the instruction;
5. We have no authority or ability to designate or change the identity of the third party, the
address, or any other information about the third party;
6. We maintain records showing that the third party is not a related party to us nor located at the
same address as us; and
7. Your qualified custodian sends you, in writing, an initial notice confirming the instruction and an
annual notice reconfirming the instruction.
We hereby confirm that we meet the above criteria.
Trustee Services
At our sole discretion, Associated Persons of MSTWA may serve as trustee to certain client accounts
for which we provide investment advisory services. Serving as trustee for a client account would give
our firm custody over the advisory accounts for which our Associated Person serves as trustee. In the
event our Associated Person serves as Trustee for a client account, these accounts will be held with a
bank, broker-dealer, or other qualified custodian. If an Associated Person acts as trustee for any client
advisory accounts, the client will receive account statements from the qualified custodian(s) holding the
funds and securities at least quarterly. Clients should carefully review account statements for accuracy.
Any accounts for which we serve as trustee would be subject to an annual surprise examination by an
independent accountant in order to comply with the SEC's rule on the custody of client assets.
Item 16 Investment Discretion
MSTWA provides Wealth Management and Intelligent Portfolio Services on a discretionary basis. For
discretionary Asset Management Services, MSTWA requires that clients grant MSTWA discretion in
writing, at the time an asset management relationship is established. For pension accounts, MSTWA
may also offer advisory services on a non-discretionary basis, and transactions will be approved by
clients prior to execution. A client may grant our firm discretion over the selection and amount of
securities to be purchased or sold for their account(s) without obtaining client consent or approval prior
to each transaction. A client may also specify investment objectives, guidelines, and/or impose certain
conditions or investment parameters for their account(s). Refer to theAdvisory Business section in this
brochure for more information on MSTWA's discretionary management services.
If a client enters into non-discretionary arrangements with Valley Brook, the firm will obtain client
approval prior to the execution of any transactions. Non-discretionary clients have an unrestricted right
to decline to implement any advice provided by our firm on a non-discretionary basis.
Item 17 Voting Client Securities
MSTWA does not accept authority to vote client securities on behalf of clients. Clients retain all rights
to their brokerage accounts, including the right to vote proxies. Clients are responsible for directing
each custodian of their assets to forward copies of all proxies and shareholder communications directly
21
to the client. While MSTWA may provide information or consultation to assist a client in deciding how
to vote a particular security, the ultimate decision and responsibility to vote a security lies with the
client.
Item 18 Financial Information
MSTWA does not require or solicit prepayment of more than $1,200 in advisory fees more than six
months in advance of services rendered. MSTWA is therefore not required to include a financial
statement or balance sheet with this brochure.
MSTWA does not have any financial condition that is reasonably likely to impair its ability to meet
contractual commitments to clients. MSTWA has not been the subject of any bankruptcy petition.
Item 19 Additional Information
Privacy Policy
MSTWA maintains a specific Privacy Policy that is distributed to each client at the time an account is
opened and annually thereafter if required by state law. MSTWA collects nonpublic information about
clients from the following sources: information the firm receives from clients verbally, on applications or
other forms and information about client transactions with others or the firm.
MSTWA may have to share non-public client information with unaffiliated firms in order to service client
accounts. Additionally, MSTWA may have to provide information about clients to regulatory agencies
as required by law. Otherwise, MSTWA will not disclose any client information to an unaffiliated entity
unless a client has given express permission for the firm to do so.
MSTWA is committed to protecting client privacy. The firm restricts access to clients' personal and
account information to those employees who need to know the information. MSTWA also maintains
physical, electronic and procedural safeguards that the firm believes comply with federal standards to
protect against threats to the safety and integrity of client records and information.
Trade Errors
In the event a trading error occurs in your account, our policy is to restore your account to the position
it should have been in had the trading error not occurred. Depending on the circumstances, corrective
actions may include canceling the trade, adjusting an allocation, and/or reimbursing the account. If a
trade correction results in a gain, proceeds are distributed as determined by the account custodian and
may be donated to charity.
Class Action Lawsuits
We do not determine if securities held by you are the subject of a class action lawsuit or whether you
are eligible to participate in class action settlements or litigation nor do we initiate or participate in
litigation to recover damages on your behalf for injuries as a result of actions, misconduct, or
negligence by issuers of securities held by you.
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