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Item 1 | Cover Page
Vise AI Advisors, LLC
521 Broadway, 3rd Floor
New York, New York 10012
+1 (201) 375-3969
www.vise.com
https://www.facebook.com/viseai/
https://twitter.com/viseinc/
https://www.linkedin.com/company/viseinc
March 31, 2026
FORM ADV PART 2A: THE BROCHURE
This brochure provides information about the qualifications and business practices of Vise AI Advisors,
LLC (“Vise”), an investment adviser registered with the United States Securities and Exchange
Commission (the “SEC”) under the Investment Advisers Act o f 1940, as amended (the “Advisers Act”).
Such registration does not imply a certain level of skill or training. Vise has registered its business with
state and federal regulatory authorities, including the SEC. The information in this brochure has not been
approved or verified by the SEC or by any state securities authority.
If you have any questions about the contents of this brochure, please contact us at the telephone number
provided above or by email at legal@vis e.com . Additional information about Vis e is available on the SEC’s
webs ite at www.advis erinfo.s ec.gov. Vis e’s CRD Number is : 301761.
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Item 2 | Material Changes
This brochure dated March 31, 2026, updates and replaces Vise’s Brochure that was most recently filed
with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) on March 31, 2025 and reflects the following
changes:
March 31, 2026
Item 4 | Advisory Business
• Updated Vis e’s regulatory as s ets under management to current and updated Vis e’s total platform
as s ets to current.
• Updated to reflect that Vis e offers s ervices to high net worth and ultra high net worth inves tors
who wis h to a direct account at Vis e in which Vis e will manage a s pecific s trategy.
Item 5 | Fees and Compens ation
• Updated to reflect a fee s chedule for the Products /Strategies offered by Vis e.
Item 7 | Types of Cus tomers
• Updated to reflect that Vis e offers s ervices to high net worth and ultra high net worth inves tors
who wis h to a direct account at Vis e in which Vis e will manage a s pecific s trategy.
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FORM ADV PART 2 A
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Item 3 | Table of Contents
Item 1 | Cover Page
1
Item 2 | Material Changes
2
Item 3 | Table of Contents
3
Item 4 | Advis ory Bus ines s
4
Item 5 | Fees and Compens ation
6
Item 6 | Performance- Bas ed Compens ation and Side- By-Side Management
8
Item 7 | Types of Cus tomers
8
Item 8 | Methods of Analys is , Inves tment Strategies and Ris k of Los s
8
Item 9 | Dis ciplinary Information
20
Item 10 | Other Financial Indus try Activities and Affiliations
20
Item 11 | Code of Ethics , Participation or Interes t in Client Trans actions , and Pers onal Trading
20
Item 12 | Brokerage Practices
21
Item 13 | Review of Accounts
22
Item 14 | Intermediary Referrals and Other Compens ation
23
Item 15 | Cus tody
23
Item 16 | Inves tment Dis cretion
24
Item 17 | Voting Client Securities
24
Item 18 | Financial Information
24
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Item 4 | Advisory Business
idual Clients. Vise is a wholly -owned
WHO WE ARE
Vise is a Delaware limited liability company, registered with the SEC, that operates an investment advisory
business that uses proprietary algorithms and other technological means for the provision of investment
advisory services to other investment advisors and their indiv
subsidiary of Vise Technologies, Inc., a Delaware corporation. Vise has been in the investment advisory
business since July 2019.
Vise’s mission is to enable financial advisors (“Intermediaries”) to deliver better investment outcomes to
their Clients while scaling their practice to their maximum potential.
WHAT WE DO
Vise offers investment advisory services to individual investors (“Clients”) through a sub advisory
relationship with third -party registered investment advisors; and broker dealers (each an “Intermediary”
and collectively, “Intermediaries”). The customers of Vise are Intermediaries that wish to have their Clients’
assets invested through the Vise platform.
Vise also offers investment advisory services to high net worth and ultra-high net worth individual investors
who wish to open a direct account at Vise. Vise will manage certain agreed upon assets of these investors
according to various investment strategies that Vise may employ. The advisory services that Vise provides
in connection with these investors are not the services that would be offered in connection with traditional
wealth management engagements. Instead, Vise’s services with these investors are limited to managing
the specific strategy selected by the investors. Vise does not determine the suitability of the strategy
selected by these investors and does not provide any other investment advice or financial planning
services to these investors. Vis e will enter into an Investment Management Agreement (“IMA”) with
investors who wish to open a direct account with Vise and such IMA will reflect that the services being
provided by Vise are limited to the management of the strategy selected by the investo r. The IMA will also
include information regarding the investment objectives, investment strategy and risk factors associated
with the strategy selected by the investor.
Vise employs automated asset allocation, portfolio analysis, tax management, portfolio rebalancing, and
security selection strategies to Intermediaries (the “Service”). The Service is available to both taxable
advisory accounts and tax advantaged accounts not limited to individual retirement accounts (“IRAs”) and
Roth IRAs (“Managed Accounts”). For certain strategies, Vise may rely on a sub-advisor. See Item 8 below
for more information about these strategies.
As part of the Service, Intermediaries are granted access to Vise’s secure website as a tool to monitor and
manage Client assets. The Intermediary will use Vise’s interactive, online platform to create and manage
a desired investment strategy (the “Strateg y”) for their underlying Clients. Among other features, Vise’s
platform allows Intermediaries to customize how much exposure to take with respect to specific factors
such as value, dividend, size, and profitability for each Client account.
Vise bases its advice on Client investment objectives, restrictions, and preferences, as provided by
Intermediaries and in accordance with the applicable Platform and Subadvisory Agreement (collectively,
the “Governing Documents”).
Clients do not have direct access to the Vise platform and their assets are managed on Vise exclusively
through the Intermediary. In some instances, however, financial advisors affiliated with our Intermediaries
may personally manage their own assets direc tly on the Vise platform. At this time, Vise is intended for
use only by investment professionals (on behalf of their Clients) and by certain other sophisticated
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investors (for use in their personal accounts) who have appropriate knowledge and experience and are
able to bear the risks of loss associated with the use of the Vise platform.
In addition, Vise offers a custom enterprise solution tailored for large investment advisers, broker -dealers,
and potentially other financial institutions. This solution is designed and customized for large
Intermediaries seeking comprehensive portfolio ma nagement services. Depending on the needs of the
Intermediary, Vise can craft a solution that includes one or more of the following services:
third-party
model management, rebalancing, analytics, account transition, and tax loss harvesting. Vise can also a ct
as a sub -advisor for the Intermediary’s client accounts. Vise’s solution may use external investment
allocations and security selection to enhance the flexibility and customization of the portfolio management
process. As such, depending on the agreement between Vise and the Intermediary, Vise’s services may
or may not involve the delivery of investment advice. Vise also offers Advisory Services for non
-
discretionary accounts for large enterprise Intermediaries. When offering Advisory Services, Vise may
analyze portfolios, generate proposals and create custom reports for client accounts. Vise negotiates the
fees for these services with each enterprise client.
TAX-LOSS HARVESTING
For taxable accounts, Vise offers a Tax -Loss Harvesting (“TLH”) strategy. This strategy is used to defer
and offset taxes while maintaining a similar risk and return profile for the portfolio. Vise identifies unrealized
losses in the account, accelerating realization of the capital loss and then invests in securities to maintain
a similar exposure in the portfolio. The realized capital loss offsets any realized gains in the account, by
deferring tax liability. Another tax management functionality that Vise offers is capital gains budgeting. The
feature allows Intermediaries to choose a custom budget depending on the Client's tax sensitivity (subject
to platform limitations). The Intermediary has the ability to modify this for any
Client at any time. If the
Intermediary chooses not to implement the TLH strategy, Clients with taxable accounts may incur
additional taxes in connection with capital gains on the account.
RESTRICTIONS
An Intermediary should notify Vise of specific securities in which the Client is prohibited from investing.
When instructed not to purchase certain securities, Vise will restrict that security from the Client’s
investable universe. The Intermediary should notify Vise immediately if they consider any investments
recommended or made for the Client account to violate such restrictions.
An Intermediary can instruct Vise at any time to restrict or unrestrict a security from the Client's investable
universe.
INTERMEDIARY OBLIGATIONS
In performing our services, Vise is not required to verify any information received from the Intermediary or
from the Intermediary’s other professionals and is expressly authorized to rely on the information we
receive. Moreover, each Intermediary is advis ed that it remains its responsibility to update the pertinent
client information platform promptly if there is ever any change in its Client’s financial situation or
investment objectives. Vise relies on the Intermediary to ensure we have this information so that we can
review, evaluate and, if necessary, revise our previous recommendations or services.
of the Strategy and
At all times, the Intermediary, and not Vise, is responsible for maintaining the initial and ongoing
relationship with the Client. In addition, the Intermediary, and not Vise, is responsible for: (1) determining
the initial and ongoing suitability of the Strategy for the Client; (2) devising or determining the specific initial
and ongoing desired Strategy; (3) monitoring performance of the Strategy; (4) modifying and/or terminating
the management of the Client’s account using the Strategy; and (5) approval
recommendations.
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ASSETS UNDER MANAGEMENT
As of December 31, 20256 , Vise managed approximately $ 6,030,299,586 in assets on a Discretionary
Basis. and approximately $ 48,373,251,705 in assets on an Advisory Basis for a total of $ 54,403,551,291
in Platform Assets. Platform Assets include both assets in which Vise has Discretionary Authority and
assets in which Vise is providing Advisory Services as detailed above.
Item 5 | Fees and Compensation
SUBADVISER FEE
Vise’s compensation for providing the Service includes an asset -based fee (“Subadviser Fee”), the terms
of which are set forth in Governing Documents. The annual Subadviser Fee is generally assessed as a
percentage of assets under management, per the table below . Vise may, in its sole discretion, charge a
Subadviser Fee that differs from its standard Subadviser Fee.
Product / Strategy
Directed Services
Third Party Model Servic es
Strategy Servic es – Pas s ive Stra tegies
Strategy Servic es – Factor Strategies
Strategy Servic es – Fixed Income
Options Overlay
Vis e Long Short Strategy – 30% Target Expos ure
Vis e Long Short Strategy – 45% Target Expos ure
Vis e Long Short Strategy – 100% Target Expos ure
Vis e Long Short Strategy – 150% Target Expos ure
Annual Fee Rate
Up to 0.50%
0.00%
Up to 0.50%
Up to 0.50%
Up to 0.50%
Up to 0.60%
0.60%
0.75%
1.50%
2.00%
In certain circums tances , Vis e may enter into agreements with third-party as s et managers or other
s imilar ins titutions whereby Vis e's advis ory fees are paid directly by the as s et manager or s imilar
ins titution rather than by the end client. Under this s tructure, the client does not pay Vis e's management
fee directly; ins tead, the as s et manager or s imilar ins titution compens ates Vis e for s ervices rendered in
connection with the client relations hip. The annual fee for s uch agreements is generally 0.06% . Vis e
may, in its s ole dis cretion, charge a fee that differs from its ’ s tandard fee.
The Subadvis er Fee is generally paid quarterly in advance or arrears , as agreed upon with the Intermediary,
bas ed on as s ets under management and according to Vis e’s billing methodology, beginning on the date
of Vis e’s firs t propos al acceptance. If billed quarterly in advance, the Subadvis er Fee will be determined
by prorating the annual rate and multiplying it by the aggregate value of Managed Accounts us ing the
market value on the las t trading day of the prior quarterly period. If billed quarterly in arrears , the
Subadvis er Fee will be determined by prorating the annual rate and multiplying it by the ending market
value of the Managed Accounts during each day of the prior quarterly period. If the Subadvis er is
appointed for any Managed Accounts at a time other than a quarter-end, the Subadvis er Fee s hall be
billed in arrears us ing the ending market value of the Managed Accounts during each day of the prior
quarterly quarter. The Subadvis er Fee is calculated by product and s trategy type.
There are ins tances where Vis e may temporarily paus e actively managing a Client’s Managed Account.
This may include (but is not limited to) ins tances when the Intermediary reques ts that Vis e paus e its
management or when Vis e is unable to reconcile account information from a Client’s Managed Account
cus todian. Vis e will continue to as s es s fees on the Client’s Managed Account while Vis es management is
temporarily paus ed.
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Vise, in our discretion, may negotiate investment advisory fees based upon certain criteria (e.g.,
anticipated future earning capacity, anticipated future additional assets, dollar amount of assets to be
managed, related accounts, account composition, nego tiations with the Intermediary). As a result, similarly
situated Intermediaries could pay fees that differ from those charged to other Intermediaries.
Vise may
work with intermediaries to develop and manage custom strategies with unique pricing that will be
determined of a case -by-case basis, with consideration of the above criteria.
From time to time, Vise will offer promotions in the form of Subadviser Fee waivers or discounts where
Clients can receive a reduced Subadviser Fee for a period of time. Such promotions may run indefinitely
or for a limited period of time. Vise may also offer discounted pricing
to Intermediaries paying the
Subadviser Fee on behalf of the Client or provide uniform reductions to the Clients of Intermediaries where
an Intermediary’s Client assets under management exceed certain thresholds. The Subadviser Fee is
generally paid quarterly, in advance or in arrears, and may be either invoiced to the Intermediary or directly
to the Client’s account.
EXPENSE RATIOS
Vise may include in Client accounts commingled vehicles such as exchange traded funds or mutual funds
(collectively, “Funds”) (at the request of the Intermediary) alongside individual securities (e.g., stocks) , as
part of a Client's overall account allocation. In addition to Subadviser Fees, each Client will incur expenses
charged by the Funds held in their account, which are separate from Vise’s fees. These Fund expenses
will impact the Client’s investment performance.
OTHER FEES AND EXPENSES
Each Client will incur brokerage costs and other costs pursuant to the terms of their custodial and
brokerage agreements in connection with the Service. Custodians can charge separ ate custody fees and
transaction fees on purchases or sales of securities and exchange traded funds recommended by Vise. In
addition, Clients may be charged “transfer out” fees by brokers when transferring their accounts from
such brokers. Such fees are charged by the custodian, paid at the
time of the transaction and represent
an additional expense to the Client. Vise is in no way involved with the establishment of a broker’s fee
structure and receives no remuneration from any brokers that may charge the Clients exit or “transfer out”
fees . Pleas e s ee Item 12 (“Brokerage Practices ”) of this Brochure for a further dis cus s ion of Vis e’s
brokerage practices .
Vis e can pay a referral fee to promoters as des cribed under the Item 14 (“Intermediary Referrals and Other
Compens ation”). Intermediaries or Clients referred to Vis e through s olicitors d o not pay higher fees as a
res ult.
As des cribed above in Item 4, Vis e may rely on a s ub-advis or in implementing certain s trategies . Vis e (and
not the Intermediary or Client) will be res pons ible for the fees as s ociated with engaging the s ub-advis or.
Intermediaries and Clients are res pons ible for the s election of an inves tment s trategy and Vis e does not
believe that this arrangement creates a material conflict of interes t. Clients will continue to incur brokerage
cos ts and other cos ts des cribed above.
ACCOUNT TERMINATION
Vis e may terminate an Intermediary’s and/or Client’s acces s to the Service if it believes the Intermediary
or Client is in breach of the Governing Document or other agreements with the Intermediary or Client.
Either party can terminate this Agreement upon thirty (30) days ’ written notice. Notice from the Advis er to
Subadvis er s hall be s ent to clients ervice@vis e.com . The Subadvis er will notify the Advis er through either
written notice or email provided to the Advis er’s email of record. Vis e may als o terminate a C lient’s or
Intermediary’s acces s to the Service in Vis e’s s ole dis cretion and without caus e. If Vis e or a Client
terminates acces s to the Service, Vis e will remit a pro-rated refund for the unus ed portion of the
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Subadviser Fee to each Client or Intermediary whose access to the Service is terminated. If Vise loses the
ability to collect a Subadviser Fee in arrears from a Client’s account as a result of the termination, Vise
reserves the right to invoice the Intermediary directly for any balance owed by the Client.
Item 6 | Performance-Based Compensation and Side -By-Side
Management
Vise does not charge performance-based advisory fees or receive incentive allocations. Vise’s Subadviser
Fee is based on a fixed percentage of assets under management (with or without discounts or promotions).
Side-by-side management of separately managed account programs raises potential conflicts of interest
where the Subadviser Fee arrangements, which are based on a fixed percentage of assets under
management, vary by Intermediaries Programs. To help mitigate such potential conflicts of interest, Vise’s
policies and procedures stress that investment decisions are to be made in accordance with the fiduciary
duties owed to each such account and without consideration of Vise's (or its
personnel) pecuniary,
investment, or other financial interests.
Vise’s investment management platform manages multiple Client accounts across multiple Intermediaries.
Investment decisions are made independently across accounts through a systematic and automated
portfolio management process. This may result in buying securities in some accounts and selling the same
securities in other investment accounts. Vise has implemented procedures to reduce conflicts of interests
related to Side-by-Side Management of accounts, such as blocking trades in the execution process.
Item 7 | Types of Customers
managing the
Vise offers the Service to Clients through Intermediaries, as described above. Vise also offers investment
advisory services to high net worth and ultra -high net worth individual investors who wish to open a direct
account at Vise. Vise will manage certain agreed upon assets of these investors according to various
investment strategies that Vi se may employ. The advisory services that Vise provides in connection with
these investors are not the services that would be offered in connection with traditional wealth
management engagements. Instead, Vise’s services with these investors are limited to
specific strategy selected by the investors. Please Item 4, above, for additional information.
Item 8 | Methods of Analysis, Investment Strategies and Risk of Loss
METHODS OF ANALYSIS AND INVESTMENT METHODS
-based investment methodolog y that takes stock specific metrics from financial
s
Vise Managed Investment Strategies
Vise uses proprietary, automated, computer algorithms to implement the investment models, asset
allocation, asset classes, list of eligible securities, and model parameters selected by the Intermediary.
Vise uses a factor
statements, financial market data, and other sources and combines them into a score for each security.
This score is a proxy for higher or lower expected returns. Portfolios’ active exposure to these score
relative to a market cap weighting may be based on the Clients’ preference as expressed through their
selections on the Vise platform Portfolios primarily use individual US exchange-listed securities, with ETFs
used to provide access to peripheral asset classes (some non-US-traded securities, fixed income, etc.) or
to round out sector allocations as required based on the portfolio account balance. As market changes or
major changes within individual companies are identified, the portfolio management system updates the
portfolios accordingly. The system makes tradeoffs between target allocations/risk profiles, taxes, and
trading costs in order to manage accounts for its Clients.
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Vise primarily offers investment recommendations on the following types of securities or securities -linked
investments: equities, commodities, fixed income, and real estate, the exposure of which is obtained
ties, exchange -traded funds (“ETFs”), exchange -traded
through investments and trading in single securi
notes (“ETNs”), and securities issued by real estate investment trusts (“REITs”).
Using these types of
securities and vehicles, Vise provides exposure to U.S., developed, and emerging markets. Vise will also
allocate to cash and cash equivalents (including Money Market Funds) where appropriate.
Vise’s selection criteria of asset classes are based on the following: historical performance throughout
investable universe, cost and
different economic scenarios, correlation with other asset classes in Vise’s
tax efficiency, and susceptibility to inflation. Asset classes are categorized into five broad categories, each
of which can be either domestic or international: equities, fixed income, commo
dities, cash equivalent
assets, and real estate.
After acceptance of the initial trade recommendations and portfolio parameters, Vise will assume full
investment discretion, and further rebalancing decisions will not be presented to the Intermediary.
Prior to making changes to a Client portfolio, Vise may consider the impact of capital gains exposure,
harvested losses, or exposure to higher risk and returns. A criterion may also be given a priority based on
settings placed by the Intermediary during the process of creating the Client or portfolio profile. Vise will
use the discretionary authority provided to submit orders directly to custodians or brokers.
INTERVENTION AND OVERSIGHT OF ALGORITHM OUTPUTS
During the oversight and portfolio review process, Vise reserves the right to use its investment discretion
to alter or change the algorithm proposed trades. In certain circumstances, Vise may use manual
intervention to amend the quantity and/or securities suggested to be traded by the algorithm in order to
further manage investment outcomes including, but not limited t o, turnover, tax outcomes, cash level, or
specific Intermediary requests. Vise may amend Intermediary-initiated trades to further align with the
Client’s goals, reduce turnover, reduce potential adverse tax outcomes, and cash target optimization.
Vise monitors accounts for deviation or drift in asset classes, individual securities, cash levels, and/or risk
using computer software as well as utilizing human oversight.
UNRECOGNIZED POSITIONS
Vise may inherit discretion over securities from externally managed portfolios during account initialization
that are not part of its investment model and/or are unrecognizable. Within capital gains limits specified
by the Intermediary, Vise reserves the r ight to sell out of these securities in order to transition the Client
toward the allocation defined by the Client’s Intermediary.
Sub-Advised Investment Strategies
Certain investment strategies offered by Vise on the platform have been developed and are managed by
unaffiliated investment advisers. The Vise platform will identify those strategies that are managed by
unaffiliated investment advisers and Intermediaries
should review the Form ADV Part 2A for these
investment advisers to learn more about their investment methodology, methods of analysis, and risks
associated with their investment strategies.
POTENTIAL RISK FACTORS - OVERVIEW
The operating results, financial condition, activities, and prospects of an investment by Vise on behalf of
Clients could be materially adversely affected by changes or instability in market, economic, political,
technological, regulatory, and social conditions, and by numerous other factors outside the control of Vise.
In addition, Vise’s investment strategies and/or investments are likely to be exposed to risks relating to
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spreads, and deflationary and inflationary
weaknesses in various global economies and risks relating to the economic cycle. Numerous factors
affecting the performance of Vise’s investment strategies, such as market volatility, interest rates,
commodity prices, equity prices, currency prices, credit
pressures, are affected by the economic cycle and long-term economic trends. Predictions about financial
market conditions and economic factors are highly uncertain, and the presence, duration, and impact of
any market or economic conditions could have a materially adverse effect on Vise’s investment strategies.
Premiums that Vise uses to invest including, but not limited to, value, profitability, and growth are not
guaranteed to be positive over any particular horizon and may be exposed to drawdown risk.
Vise may choose not to attempt to, or be unable to, hedge the risk exposures outlined in this Brochure,
and there can be no assurance that any hedging attempted by Vise would reduce applicable risks.
The global COVID pandemic that began in 2020 was a significant disruption in the global financial markets,
the scope and severity of which were without precedent in recent financial history . Market disruptions
such as this have had materially adverse, and in certain cases catastrophic consequences for certain types
of investments, including the types of investments Vise’s Clients may pursue. Similar or dissimilar market
disruptions may occur in the future, and the duration, severity, and ultimate effect of such disruptions are
difficult to forecast. These disruptions may lead to additional regulations or laws, which could have a
material adverse effect on Vise and its Clients. In the event of a serious market disruption, Vise may,
pursuant to policies and procedures it has established, delay or suspend order submissions in respect of
Client accounts. Such trading delays or suspensions may result in increased tracking error, lower returns
and/or an inability of Vise to implement portfolio strategies such as tax -loss harvesting and rebalances.
The method of analysis and techniques employed by Vise are based on the information and data available
to it as well as on its assumptions, assessments, and estimates, all of which are subject to error. As a
result, such methods of analysis and techniques may not account for all relevant factors or may not
account for any such factors correctly. More generally, there can be no assurance that such models and
techniques would be effective. Further, Client portfolios may be exposed to frequent rebalancing based
on market conditions, Client needs and other factors not accounted for by Vise. Vise algorithms may not
perform as intended for a variety of reasons, including but not limited to incorrect assumptions, changes
in the market, and/or changes to data inputs. Periodically Vise may change or modify these algorithms,
system code or underly ing assumptions, and these changes may have unintended consequences. Vise
conducts testing designed to ensure that our algorithms continue to function as intended when new code
is introduced and existing code is updated. Although such testing is intended t o ensure that code changes
do not create unintended consequences, Clients should understand that testing, no matter how
comprehensive, cannot guarantee the absence of code -related issues with our algorithms.
Vise does not make any assurance that its recommendations will result in profitable investing or avoidance
of loss. Investing in securities involves risk of loss that Clients should understand and be prepared to bear.
Vise makes no guarantee or representation that its investment recommendations will be successful.
Investment performance can never be predicted or guaranteed, and the value of each Client’s account
will fluctuate due to market conditions and other factors. Past performance, and p erformance from back-
testing and simulations, is no guarantee of future results.
RELIANCE ON CLIENT INFORMATION
The recommendations provided by Vise are not intended to comprise the Client’s complete investment
program in cases where Vise does not manage the Client’s complete investment portfolio, including assets
held in employer retirement plans, which are subject to ERISA, and other accounts that the Client has not
aggregated for Vise’s discretionary advisory services.
Vise’s recommendations are highly reliant on the accuracy of the information provided to Vise by
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n their Clients’ behalf . There may be additional
Intermediaries, Clients and their custodians. If an Intermediary were to provide Vise with inaccurate Client
information, this could materially impact the quality and applicability of Vise’s recommendations. In
addition, Vise’s recommendations are limited in scope to the questions Vise asks through Vise’s website
and the information that Intermediaries provide o
information or other financial circumstances not considered by Vise based on the questions asked at the
time a Client establishes their investment goals that would inform the investment advice and
recommendations provided by Vise. Clients are invited to call their Intermediary to discuss any such
additional information or other financial circumstances that a Client believes may be relevant to the advice
provided by Vise.
-
hat are susceptible to fluctuations in
-linked investments may be affected by
COMMODITY AND SECURITY RISK
Vise may recommend investments in commodities linked securities (e.g., single securities, commodity
based ETFs and ETNs). Negative changes in a commodity market could have an adverse impact on the
value of commodity -linked investments including companies t
commodity markets. The value and/or liquidity of commodity
changes in overall market movements, taxation, terrorism, nationalization or expropriation, commodity
index volatility, changes in interest rates, or factors affecting a particular industry or commodity, such as,
weather (e.g., drought, flooding), livestock disease, embargoes, international trade, tariffs and international
economic, political and regulatory developments. Th e prices of sector commodities (e.g., energy, metals,
agriculture and livestock) may fluctuate widely due to factors such as changes in value, supply and
demand and governmental regulatory policies.
CREDIT RISK
Clients are exposed to the risk that financial intermediaries or security issuers may experience adverse
economic consequences that may include impaired credit ratings, default, bankruptcy, or insolvency, any
of which may affect portfolio values or management. This risk applies to assets on deposit with any broker-
dealer, notwithstanding asset segregation and insurance requirements that are beneficial to broker -dealer
Clients generally. In addition, exchange trading venues or trade settlement and clearing i
ntermediaries
could experience adverse events that may temporarily or permanently limit trading or adversely affect the
value of Client securities. Finally, any issuer of securities may experience a credit event that could impair
or erase the value of the issuer’s securities held by a Client. Certain funds and products may involve higher
issuer credit risk because they are not structured as a registered fund.
ads,
CURRENCY RISK
Certain segments of the strategies deployed by Vise may maintain material unhedged exposure, whether
intentional or unintentional, to various market movements, and other sources of risk, whether known or
e to, without limitation, foreign bonds, foreign real
unknown. Currency risk is implicit in Vise’s exposur
estate, and foreign equity investments. Such sources of risk may include changes in current or future
levels and/or volatility of interest rates, currency prices, commodity prices, sovereign credit spre
corporate credit spreads, and equity and other markets, as well as correlations between any such risks.
There can be no assurance that an investment of a portfolio managed by Vise would improve the risk/return
profile of any Client’s overall portfolio or otherwise improve the performance of such portfolio, and such
an investment may in fact result in material losses.
-rate securities of varying maturities, including bonds or
DEBT MARKET CONDITIONS
Vise may recommend investments in fixed
debentures issued by corporations, government agencies, and government -sponsored entities. In recent
years, disruptions in debt markets have affected the pric e of, as well as Clients’ ability to make, certain
types of investments, and there can be no assurance that these disruptions will not reoccur in the future.
Any such disruptions may negatively affect a wide range of issuers and may increase the likelihood that
such issuers will be unable to make principal and interest payments on, or refinance, outstanding debt
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the
when due. Moreover, the risk that such disruptions will affect an issuer’s ability to pay its debts and
obligations when due is enhanced if such issuer in turn provides credit to third parties or otherwise
participates in the credit markets. In the event o f a default by an issuer, Clients could lose both capital
invested in, and anticipated profits from, any affected investment. The reoccurrence of the events
described in this paragraph, or other similar or dissimilar events, could have an adverse impact on
availability of credit to businesses generally and may lead to an overall weakening of the U.S. and other
economies around the world. In addition, any disruptions of this kind may affect a Client’s ability to procure
its own financing arrangements and/or the terms of any such arrangements.
-U.S. stock
EQUITY SECURITIES RISK
Vise may recommend investments in equity securities. Equity securities are subject to changes in value
and their values may be more volatile than other asset classes. The value of equity securities varies in
response to many factors. These factors include, without limitation, factors specific to an issuer and the
industry in which the issuer’s securities are subject to market risk. Historically, U.S. and non
markets have experienced periods of substantial price volatility and may do so again in t he future.
ETF RISKS, NAV AND TRACKING ERROR
The investment objectives, principal investments and investment strategies used in managing an ETF, and
the associated principal investment risks, are described in each ETF’s offering documents (e.g.,
prospectuses). Each ETF is unique and has its own princ ipal investment risks. Intermediaries and Clients
should review the prospectus for each ETF to understand its principal investment risks.
Under some market conditions, the ETF share price may differ significantly from the ETF’s NAV, exposing
investors to price risk when trading in these securities. Investing in an ETF has risks associated with the
ETF’s investments and may subject the Client to a portion of the ETF’s fees and expenses. As a result, the
cost of investing in an ETF may exceed the cost of investing directly in the underlying holdings of the ETF.
ETFs may be purchased at prices that exceed the net asset value of their underlying investments and may
be sold at prices below such net asset value. Trading costs represent an important cost of an ETF to the
Client. These costs present themselves in the bid -ask spread by which ETF shares are purchased and
sold in the secondary market. Th e reasons for the spreads include the liquidity of the ETF’s underlying
investments, volatility and pricing for those investments, and additional fixed costs. A Client may not be
able to liquidate ETF holdings at the desired time and price which may impact performance.
LIQUIDITY RISK
For a certain period of time securities that Vise manages may not be able to be traded quickly enough in
the market without impacting the market price, as a result of but not limited to widening bid/ask spreads
and/or limited depth as specific prices.
FIXED INCOME SECURITIES RISK
Vise may recommend investments in fixed income securities. Fixed income securities are subject to
various risks including but not limited to default risk and interest rate risk. Fixed income securities are
subject to the risk that an issuer will fail to ma ke timely payments of interest or principal, or go bankrupt,
or that the value of the securities will decline because of a market perception that the issuer may not make
payments on time. The lower the rating of a fixed income security, the higher its cred it risk. Fixed income
securities are also subject to interest rate risk. Generally, the value of fixed income instruments will change
inversely with changes in interest rates. As interest rates rise, the market value of such instruments tends
to decrease. Conversely, as interest rates fall, the market value of such instruments tends to increase. This
risk will typically be greater for instruments with longer maturities.
MASTER LIMITED PARTNERSHIP RISKS
Master Limited Partnerships (“MLPs”) are limited partnerships or limited liability companies whose
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,
interests (limited partnerships or limited liability companies units) are generally traded on securities
exchanges like shares of common stock. Investments in MLPs entail different risks, including tax risks,
than is the case for other types of investments
. Currently, most MLPs operate in the energy, natural
resources, or real estate sectors. Investments in such MLP interests are subject to the risks generally
applicable to companies in these sectors (including commodity pricing risk, supply and demand risk
depletion risk and exploration risk). Depending on the ownership vehicle, MLP interests are subject to
varying tax treatment, which should be discussed with the Intermediary.
Funds that primarily invest in MLPs generally accrue deferred tax liability. The fund’s deferred tax liability
(if any) is reflected each day in the fund’s net asset value. As a result, the fund’s total annual operating
expenses may be significantly higher than those of funds that do not primarily invest in MLPs. Please see
the section “Tax and Legal Considerations” for further information.
RISK RELATED TO MONEY MARKET FUNDS
Clients may lose money in money market funds. Although money market funds classified as government
funds (i.e., money market funds that invest 99.5% of total assets in cash and/or securities backed by the
U.S government) and retail funds (i.e., money market funds open to natural person investors only) seek to
preserve value at $1.00 per share, they cannot guarantee they will do so. The price of other money market
funds will fluctuate and when you sell shares they may be worth more or less than originally pa id. Money
market funds may impose a fee upon sale or temporarily suspend sales if liquidity falls below required
minimums. During suspensions, shares would not be available for purchases, withdrawals, check writing
or ATM debits.
INCOME RISK
A portfolio’s income may decline when interest rates decrease. During periods of falling interest rates an
issuer may be able to repay principal prior to the security’s maturity (“prepayment”), causing the portfolio
to have to reinvest in securities with a lower yield, resulting in a decline in the portfolio’s income.
INTERNATIONAL INVESTMENTS; INCLUDING EMERGING MARKETS RISK
Vise may recommend investments in issuers domiciled or operating outside the U.S., including in certain
developing or emerging markets. International investing and trading involve special risks not typically
associated with trading in investments relating to markets and/or issuers solely in the U.S. Depending on
the particular countries and investments involved and on the nature of the particular transactions executed
outside of the U.S., these special risks may include changes in exchange rates and exchang
e control
regulations; downgrades in sovereign credit ratings; devaluations or non
-convertibility of non -U.S.
currencies; failures or disruptions in central banks, banking systems, markets, or financial exchanges;
es, or interest -rate policies; political, social, and economic
changes in monetary policies, interest rat
instability; adverse diplomatic developments; investment and repatriation restrictions; the nationalization
and/or expropriation of assets; government intervention in the private sector; defaul t by public and private
issuers on their financial obligations (and limited recourse in connection with such defaults); the imposition
of non-U.S. taxes; discrimination against foreign investors; and less liquid markets, less information, higher
transaction costs, less information regarding legal and regulatory risks, less uniform accounting and
auditing standards, greater price volatility, less reliable clearance and settlement procedures, and/or less
government supervision of exchanges, brokers, market in termediaries, issuers, and other markets and
market participants than is generally the case in the U.S.
Further, individual non -U.S. economies may differ favorably or unfavorably from the U.S. economy in
various respects, such as pace of economic growth, rate of inflation, amount of capital reinvestment,
degree of resource self - sufficiency, and balance of p ayments position. For example, inflation and rapid
fluctuations in inflation rates have had and may continue to have very negative effects on the economies
and securities markets (both public and private) of certain countries in which Vise may invest and m
ay
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therefore have a material adverse effect on Vise’s investment methods.
The foregoing risks are likely to be more pronounced in connection with investments in countries with
developing or emerging markets.
held in such portfolios, including the risk of significant
LIMITED DIVERSIFICATION; CORRELATION
Portfolios managed by Vise may be concentrated in particular countries, industries, exchanges, strategies,
types of investments, issuers, companies, or other shared characteristics. Any such concentration would
magnify risks associated with the investments
losses. In general, less diversification will tend to expose the applicable Client to greater volatility and/or
risk than would be the case with a more broadly diversified portfolio. Even if a particular Client’s portfolio
were diversified, however, there can be no assurance that such diversification would reduce volatility or
risk.
Portfolios managed by Vise may achieve returns that are not correlated with various market indices or the
returns of other investment vehicles. Further, it is anticipated that certain investments made by Vise will
experience returns that individually or in the aggregate are correlated (possibly highly) with various market
indices or other strategies, including various equity, debt, or other markets around the world.
Moreover, certain of the strategies deployed by Vise may maintain unhedged exposure, whether
intentional or unintentional, to various market movements, style factors, and other sources of risk, whether
known or unknown, while other strategies deployed on b
ehalf of a Client may have such unhedged
exposures from time to time. Such sources of risk may include changes in current or future levels and/or
volatility of interest rates, currency prices, commodity prices, sovereign credit spreads, corporate credit
spreads, and equity and other markets, as well as correlations between any such risks. There can be no
assurance that an investment of a portfolio managed by Vise would improve the risk/return profile of any
Client’s overall portfolio or otherwise improve the performance of such portfolio, and such an investment
may in fact result in material losses.
MARKET RISK
Vise’s investments on behalf of Clients and methods will be subject to market risk. The value of a security
or other asset may decline due to changes in general market conditions, economic trends or events that
rs that affect a particular
are not specifically related to the issuer of the security or other asset, or facto
issuer or issuers, exchange, country, group of countries, region, market, industry, group of industries,
sector or asset class. Local, regional or global events such as war, acts of terrorism, the spread of
infectious illness or other public health issues, recessions, or other events could have a significant impact
on the portfolio and its investments.
REAL ESTATE SECURITIES RISK
Vise may recommend investments in REITs and other real estate related securities or indices that are
subject to risks incidental to the ownership and operation of real estate generally. Some of the risks
associated with investments in real estate and/or related derivatives are declines in the value of real estate,
risks related to general and local economic conditions, dependency on management skill, heavy cash flow
dependency, possible lack of availability of mortgage funds, overbuilding, extended vacancie
s of
properties, increased taxes and operating expenses, changes in zoning laws, losses due to costs resulting
from the clean -up of environmental problems, liability to third parties for damages resulting from
environmental problems, casualty or condemnati on losses, limitations on rents, changes in neighborhood
values and the appeal of properties to tenants and changes in interest rates.
TECHNOLOGY AND INFORMATION SECURITY RISK
Vise is dependent on the effectiveness of the information and cybersecurity policies, procedures and
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the confidentiality, integrity, and availability
-attacks, could disrupt Vise’s
l data breaches, inadvertent
of its computer and
capabilities it maintains to protect
telecommunications systems and the data that resides on or is transmitted through them. An externally
caused information security incident, such as a cyber
-attack including a phishing scam, malware, or
denial-of-service attack, or an in ternally caused incident, such as failure to control access to sensitive
systems, could materially interrupt business operations or cause disclosure or modification of sensitive or
confidential Client or competitive information. Moreover, Vise’s increased use of mobile and cloud
technologies could heighten these and other operational risks, as certain aspects of the security of such
technologies may be complex, unpredictable or beyond Vise’s control. V
ise’s growing exposure to the
public Internet, as well as any reliance on mobile or cloud technology or any failure by third -party service
providers to adequately safeguard their systems and prevent cyber
operations, and resul t in misappropriation, corruption or loss of personal, confidential or proprietary
information. In addition, there is a risk that encryption and other protective measures may be
ase the speed and
circumvented, particularly to the extent that new computing technologies incre
computing power available. Moreover, due to the complexity and interconnectedness of Vise’s systems,
the process of upgrading existing capabilities, developing new functionalities, and expanding coverage
into new markets and geographies, including to address Client or regulatory requirements, may expose
Vise to additional cyber - and information - security risks or system disruptions, for Vise, as well as for
intermediaries who rely upon, or have exposure to, Vise’s systems. Although Vise has implemented
policies and controls, and takes protective measures, to strengthen its computer systems, processes,
software, technology assets and networks to prevent and address potentia
disclosures, cyber-attacks and cyber-related fraud, there can be no assurance that any of these measures
prove effective.
-party vendors, Intermediaries, advisers, central
-attacks. However, Vise cannot ensure that it or such third parties have all
In addition, due to Vise’s interconnectivity with third
agents, custodians and other financial institutions, Vise may be adversely affected if any of them are
subject to a successful cyber -attack or other information security event, including those arising due to the
use of mobile technology or a third -party cloud environment. Vise also routinely transmits and receives
personal, confidential, or proprietary information by email and other electronic means. Vis e collaborates
with intermediaries, vendors and other third parties to develop secure transmission capabilities and
protect against cyber
appropriate controls in place to protect the confidentiality of such informa tion.
Any information security incident or cyber -attack against Vise or third parties with whom it is connected,
or issuers of securities or instruments in which the Client portfolios invests, including any interception,
mishandling or misuse of personal, confidential or proprietary information, have the ability to cause
disruptions and impact business operations, potentially resulting in financial losses, the inability to transact
business, violations of applicable privacy and other laws, loss of competitive position, regulatory fines
and/or sanctions, breach of Client contracts, reputational harm or legal liability. Furthermore, many
jurisdictions in which Vise operates have laws and regulations relating to data privacy, cybersecurity, and
protection of personal information, including the General Data Protection Regula tion, which expands data
protection rules for individuals within the European Union and for personal data exported outside the
European Union. Any determination of a failure to comply with any such laws or regulations could result
in fines and/or sanctions against Vise.
OPERATIONAL RISK AND OPERATING EVENTS
A portfolio may suffer a loss arising from shortcomings or failures in internal processes, people, or
systems, or from external events. Operational risk can arise from many factors ranging from routine
processing errors to potentially costly incidents rela ted to, for example, major systems failures.
Trade errors and other operational errors (“Operating Events”) occasionally occur in connection with Vise’s
management of Client accounts (“Portfolios”). The Vise Trade Error Procedure is designed to address the
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Client when it is an error
identification and correction of Operating Events, consistent with applicable standards of care and Client
documentation. An Operating Event generally is compensable by Vise to a
(whether an action or inaction) in which Vise has, in Vise’s reasonable view, deviated mat erially from the
applicable investment guidelines or the applicable standard of care in managing a Portfolio, subject to the
considerations set forth below.
Operating Events may include but are not limited to: (i) the placement of orders in excess ( or less) of the
amount of securities intended to trade for a portfolio; (ii) the purchase (or sale) of a security when it should
have been sold (or purchased); (iii) the purchase or sale of a security not intended for the Portfolio; and (iv)
the purchase or sale of a security contrary to applicable investment guidelines or restrictions.
Vise makes its determinations regarding Operating Events pursuant to its policies on a case-by-case basis,
in its discretion, based on factors it considers reasonable, including regulatory requirements, contractual
obligations, and business practices. Not all Operating Events will be considered compensable mistakes.
Relevant factors Vise considers when evaluating whether an Operating Event is compensable include,
among others, the nature of the service being provided at the time of the event, specific appli
cable
contractual and legal requirements, and standards of care, whether an applicable investment objective or
guideline was contravened, the nature of the Client’s investment program, and the nature of the relevant
circumstances.
Operating Events may result in gains or losses or could have no financial impact. Operating Events
involving erroneous transactions made by the Intermediary generally are corrected in accordance with the
procedures established by the particular Intermediary and/or custodian. Contact the Intermediary, or
custodian for information on how Operating Events are corrected in such programs.
When Vise determines that reimbursement is appropriate, the Client will be compensated as determined
in good faith by Vise. Vise will determine the amount to be reimbursed, if any, based on what it considers
reasonable guidelines regarding these matters in light of all of the facts and circumstances related to the
Operating Event. In general, compensation is expected to be limited to direct and actual losses, which
may be calculated relative to comparable conforming investments, market factors and benchmarks and
with reference to related transactions and/or other factors Vise considers relevant. Compensation will not
include any amounts or measures that Vise determines are indirect, consequential, speculative, or
uncertain.
RELIANCE ON DATA
Vise’s methods are highly reliant on data from third
-party and other external sources. Vise will use its
discretion to determine what data to gather with respect to any strategy or method, which may have an
impact on trading decisions. In addition, due to the automated nature of such data gathering and the fact
that much of this data comes from third-party sources, not all desired and/or relevant data will be available
to, or processed by, Vise at all times. There is no guarantee that any specific data or t ype of data will be
used in generating or making trading decisions on behalf of the Clients, nor is there any guarantee that
the data used in making investment and trading decisions on behalf of Clients will be (i) the most accurate
data available or (ii) free of errors.
investable universe. When initially rebalancing the
Vise does not possess data for all securities in the
portfolio of a new Client, Vise will recommend selling one or more Client securities holding because they
are not recognized by the Vise systems. Similarly, when forming a trade recommendation, Vise’s systems
will ignore potential opportunities and benefits of holding securities that are not recognized by Vise’s
systems.
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providers. The successful deployment,
Clients, could be severely compromised by system or component failure,
RELIANCE ON TECHNOLOGY; BACK-UP MEASURES
Vise’s investment activities and investment strategies are dependent upon various computer and
telecommunications technologies, many of which are provided by or are dependent upon third parties
such as data feed, data center, telecommunications, or utility
implementation, and/or operation of such activities and strategies, and various other critical activities of
Vise on behalf of its
telecommunications failure, power loss, a software -related “system crash,” unauthorized system access
or use (such as “hacking”), computer viruses and similar programs, fire or water damage, human errors in
using or accessing relevant systems, or various other events or circumstances. Such events or
circumstances may affect Vise directly and/or may affect one or more third parties that provide services
to Vise and/or its Clients.
It is not possible to provide comprehensive and unfailing protection against all such events, and no
assurance can be given about the ability of applicable third parties to continue providing their services.
Any event that interrupts such computer and/or t elecommunications systems or operations could have a
material adverse effect on Vise’s Clients, including by preventing Vise from trading, modifying, liquidating,
and/or monitoring its Clients’ investments. Moreover, any unauthorized access to the information systems
of Vise or certain third parties could result in the loss, disclosure, or improper use of information relating
to investments and/or personally identifiable information of Vise’s Clients; any such loss, disclosure, or
use could have a material adverse effect on such Clients.
Vise maintains back-up electronic books and records at a third party disaster recovery site, which is a fully
operational data center facility. In the case of events that interrupt Vise’s computer and/or
telecommunications systems or operations, Vise hopes to resume trading, modifying, liquidating, and/or
monitoring its Clients’ investments relatively promptly, subject to any circumstances that are outside the
control of Vise.
BUSINESS DISRUPTIONS
In the case of severe business disruptions (e.g., regional power outage or loss of personnel), Vise may not
resume such activities for one or more business days because (among other things) such resumption is
dependent on other critical business constituen ts, such as brokers and exchanges, and on the nature of
the disruption. Although the foregoing reflects Vise’s objectives, designs, and/or plans, no assurance can
be given that these objectives, designs, and/or plans will be realized, or that Vise would be able to resume
operations following a business disruption. Although the foregoing reflects Vise’s objectives, designs,
and/or plans, no assurance can be given that these objectives, designs, and/or plans will be realized, or
that, Vise would be a ble to resume operations following a business disruption, and any such disruption
could have a material adverse effect on Vise’s Clients.
REGULATORY CHANGE RISK
It is possible that changes in applicable laws and regulations may affect Vise’s operations. In addition,
several substantial regulatory changes are pending or in the process of changing in certain markets.
However, the consequences of additional regulatio n on the liquidity and the functioning of the markets in
which Vise trades cannot be predicted and may materially diminish the profitability of Client investments.
TAX AND LEGAL CONSIDERATIONS
Vise’s methods for achieving tax efficient portfolio management are only one of many methods that may
comprise an individual’s tax management plan. Clients should obtain tax advice, which advice is outside
the scope of the services Vise provides and may be necessary to minimize the impact of tax liabilities a
Client could incur. The tax -efficient investment strategies that Vise recommends or implements do not
comprise a comprehensive tax management plan, are not intended to be tax advice, and Vise does not
should consult with their personal tax
represent that any tax consequences will be obtained. Clients
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advisors regarding the tax consequences of investing.
Neither Vise nor any of our affiliates provides tax or legal advice and, therefore, are not responsible for
developing, implementing, or evaluating any tax strategies that may be employed by the Client. The Client
should develop any such strategies or address any legal or tax -related issues with a qualified legal or tax
adviser. The investment and tax strategies mentioned here may not be suitable for everyone. Each Client
needs to review an investment or tax strategy for his or her own particular situation before making any
decision. This information is not intended to be a substitute for specific individualized tax, legal or
investment planning advice. Where specific advice is necessary or appropriate, Vise recommends
consultation with a qualified tax advisor, CPA, financial planner o r investment manager.
Investment in MLPs entails different risks, including tax risks, than is the case for other types of
investments. Investors in MLPs hold “units” of the MLP (as opposed to a share of corporate stock) and
are technically partners in the MLP. Holders of MLP u nits are also exposed to the risk that they will be
required to repay amounts to the MLP that are wrongfully distributed to them. Almost all MLPs have
chosen to qualify for partnership tax treatment. Partnerships do not pay U.S. federal income tax at the
partnership level. Rather, each partner of a partnership, in computing its U.S. federal income tax liability,
must include its allocable share of the partnership’s income, gains, losses, deductions, expenses and
credits. A change in current tax law, or a ch ange in the business of a given MLP, could result in an MLP
being treated as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes, which would result in such MLP being
required to pay U.S. federal income tax on its taxable income. The classification of an MLP as a corporation
for U.S. federal income tax purposes would have the effect of reducing the amount of cash available for
distribution by the MLP and could cause any such distributions received by an investor to be taxed as
dividend income.
Tax laws impacting MLPs may change, and this could impact any tax benefits that may be available
through investment in an MLP portfolio.
-basis information for security holding in a Client portfolio,
In the event that Vise does not have the cost
Vise’s systems may sell the security, resulting in a material tax gain for the Client account. In addition,
Intermediaries have the discretion to initiate tax loss harvesting trades that result in significant capital gains
or losses to Clients.
TAX MANAGEMENT RISK
Intermediaries who activate Vise’s tax management service are alerted to the following risks:
Clients should confer with their personal tax advisor regarding the tax consequences of investing with Vise
and engaging in the tax-loss harvesting strategy, based on their particular circumstances. Clients and their
personal tax advisors are responsible f or how the transactions in the Client’s account are reported to the
Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) or any other taxing authority. Vise assumes no responsibility to the Client
for the tax consequences of any transaction, including any capital gains, disallowed losses, and/or wash
sales that may result from the tax -loss harvesting strategy.
Vise’s tax -loss harvesting strategy is not intended as tax advice, and
Vise does not represent in any
manner that the tax consequences described will be obtained or that Vise’ investment strategy will result
in any particular tax consequence. The tax consequences of this strategy and other
Vise strategies are
complex and may be subject to challenge by the IRS. This strategy was not developed to be used by, and
it cannot be used by, any investor to avoid penalties or interest.
When Vise replaces investments with “similar” investments as part of the tax -loss harvesting strategy, it
is a reference to investments that are expected, but are not guaranteed, to perform similarly and that might
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lower a Client’s tax bill while maintaining a similar expected risk and return on the Client’s portfolio.
Expected returns and risk characteristics are no guarantee of actual performance.
The performance of the new securities purchased through the tax -loss harvesting service may be better
or worse than the performance of the securities that are sold for tax -loss harvesting purposes.
The effectiveness of the tax-loss harvesting strategy to reduce the tax liability of the Client will depend on
the Client’s entire tax and investment profile, including purchases and dispositions in a Client’s (or Client’s
spouse’s) accounts outside of Vise and type of investments (e.g., taxable or nontaxable) or holding period
(e.g., short -term or long -term). Intermediaries who customize our recommended portfolios may also
influence the effectiveness of the tax-loss harvesting strategy for their Clients. For example, intermediaries
who allocate significant portions of their portfolio to ETFs that are not currently supported for tax
-loss
harvesting may decrease the effectiveness of this service by reducing the number and/or amount of ETFs
from which to h arvest losses. The utilization of losses harvested through the strategy will depend upon
the recognition of capital gains in the same or a future tax period, and in addition may be subject to
limitations under applicable tax laws, e.g., if there are insuff icient realized gains in the tax period, the use
of harvested losses may be limited to a $3,000 deduction against ordinary income and distributions.
Losses harvested through the strategy that are not utilized in the tax period when recognized (e.g.,
because of insufficient capital gains and/or significant capital loss carryforwards), generally may be carried
forward to offset future capital gains, if any.
If the Client and/or the Client’s spouse have other taxable or non -taxable investment accounts, and the
Client holds in those accounts any of the securities (including options contracts) held in the Client’s
account at Vise, the Intermediary cannot trade any of those securities 30 days before or after Vise trades
those same securities as part of the tax -loss harvesting strategy to avoid possible wash sales and, as a
result, a nullification of any tax benefits of the strategy. For more information on the wash sale rule, please
read IRS Publication 550.
ought in different
Vise’ tax-loss harvesting service is designed to avoid creating “wash sales” in Clients’ accounts with Vise.
Clients and intermediaries, however, are responsible for monitoring their accounts outside of
Vise to
ensure that transactions in the same security or a substantially similar security do not create a wash sale.
A wash sale occurs when a taxpayer sells a security at a loss and purchases the same security or a
substantially similar security over a period of 61 days: the day of the sale, the 30 days before the sale, and
the 30 days after the sale. If a wash sale occurs, the IRS may disallow or defer the loss for current tax
reporting purposes. Wash sales can occur even if the securities are sold and then b
accounts. Therefore, Vise may lack visibility to certain wash sales, should they occur as a result of
transactions in external or unlinked accounts. Under those circumstances, Vise may not be able to provide
notice of such wash sale in advance of the Client's receipt of the IRS Form 1099.
Except as set forth below, Vise will monitor only a Client’s accounts at Vise to determine if there are
unrealized losses for purposes of determining whether to harvest such losses. Transactions outside of
accounts at Vise may affect whether a loss is successfully harvested and, if so, whether that loss is usable
by the Client in the most efficient manner.
Under certain limited circumstances, there is a chance that Vise trading attributed to tax -loss harvesting
may create capital gains and/or wash sales. In addition, tax-loss harvesting strategies may produce losses
which may not be offset by sufficient gains in the account.
Not all the losses may be used to offset gains in the year they were recognized due to wash sales. Thus,
wash sales can diminish the effectiveness of tax -loss harvesting by deferring to a future year a tax loss
that could have been used to offset income or capital gains in the current year.
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VOLATILITY RISK; VOLATILITY OF INVESTMENT RETURNS
The performance of investment strategies Vise deploys on behalf of its Clients may be volatile (both in
absolute terms and relative to realized returns), potentially resulting in increased risks, including the risk
of losses. Such strategies may have volatility, a greater chance of losses or negative returns, lower average
returns, correlation with certain macroeconomic risk factors, asset class concentrations, and/or other
significant risks, whether in absolute terms, relative to expected returns, or relative to certain other
strategies that are deployed by Vise on behalf of other Clients.
Item 9 | Disciplinary Information
Client’s
There are no adverse disciplinary events affecting Vise that would be deemed material to a
decision to use Vise’s investment advisory services.
Item 10 | Other Financial Industry Activities and Affiliations
In some cases, Vise may have business arrangements with related persons/companies that are material
to Vise’s advisory business or to their Clients. In some cases, these business arrangements create a
potential conflict of interest, or the appearance of a conflict of interest between Vise and a
Client. The
services that Vise provides Intermediaries and Clients, as well as related conflicts of interest, are discussed
in Item 11 (“Code of Ethics , Participation or Interes t in Client Trans actions and Pers onal Trading”) of this
Brochure. Potential conflicts of interes t are als o dis cus s ed in the Governing Documents .
Item 11 | Code of Ethics , Participation or Interes t in Client Trans actions ,
and Pers onal Trading
Vis e has adopted a code of ethics (the “Code”) that es tablis hes the s tandard of bus ines s conduct that
mus t be followed by, among others , all partners , dependent directors , officers , and employees of Vis e
(collectively, “Supervis ed Pers ons ”). The Code incorporates the following general principles , which all
Supervis ed Pers ons are expected to uphold: act in the bes t interes ts of Client s ; conduct activities and
pers onal s ecurities trans actions in a manner cons is tent with the Code, which s eeks to addres s certain
conflicts of interes t in this regard; avoid taking any inappropriate advantage of one’s pos ition at Vis e;
maintain confidentiality of information concerning Vis e’s s ecurities recommendations and Client s ecurities
holdings and trans actions ; and provide accurate dis clos ure in reports required by auditors , regulators , or
government bodies .
Vis e believes that thes e general principles not only help Vis e fulfill its obligations undertaken as an
inves tment advis er, but als o protect Vis e’s reputation and ins till in employees Vis e’s commitment to
hones ty, integrity, and profes s ionalis m.
The Code als o provides guidelines for Supervis ed Pers ons regarding adherence to s ecurities laws
generally, trans actions in pers onal accounts involving public and private s ecurities and commodities ,
activities outs ide of the inves tment advis er’s bus ines s , giving and receiving bus ines s -related gifts , and the
maintenance and memorialization of certain family and/or clos e pers onal relations hips . For example, the
Code generally requires that all Acces s Pers ons report s ecurities holdings . In addition, the Code
encourages all Supervis ed Pers ons to report Code violations and outlines potential s anctions for s uch
violations . Vis e’s Chief Compliance Officer is res pons ible for the Code’s adminis tration, including without
limitation the monitoring and review of pers onal s ecurities accounts of Acces s Pers ons , and is available
for any ques tions Acces s Pers ons have regarding the Code. Vis e will provide a copy of the Code to any
Client or pros pective Client upon reques t and may elect to provide a copy of the Code to Client s .
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Item 12 | Brokerage Practices
Vise may add
GENERAL
Vise is capable of working with Intermediaries that have relationships with Charles Schwab & Co., Inc.,
Raymond James & Associates, Inc., and/or Fidelity Institutional (the “Approved Brokers”).
additional brokers to the Approved Brokers list.
The Service is available through an Intermediary with Vise acting as a subadviser. Vise makes
recommendations to the Intermediary. Upon the approval of such recommendations, Vise places all trade
orders for securities transactions on behalf of its Clients with a broker-dealer mandated by the applicable
Intermediary (each, an “Intermediary Broker”).
The Intermediary evaluates, in its reasonable judgment, which Intermediary Broker(s) are qualified to meet
the brokerage and custodial needs of the Clients. Vise generally does not monitor or evaluate the nature
and quality of the services Clients obtain f
rom Intermediary Brokers and it is possible that Intermediary
Brokers provide less advantageous execution of transactions than if Vise selected another broker
-dealer
to execute the trans actions . Pleas e refer to Item 5 (“Fees and Compens ation”) for information regarding
potential brokerage cos ts .
The Intermediary is generally res pons ible for negotiating commis s ion rates and trans action fees with the
Approved Brokers . Not all inves tment advis ors require or permit Clients to enter into agreements with a
s ubadvis er. Depending on an Intermediary’s negotiated commis s ion rates and trans action fees , a Client
may be unable to achieve mos t favorable execution, which may cos t Clients more.
After acceptance of the initial trade recommendations , thereafter Vis e will as s ume full inves tment
dis cretion, and further rebalancing decis ions will not be pres ented to the Intermediary.
COMMISSIONS
Vis e does not charge a premium or commis s ion on trans actions .
USE OF COMMISSIONS – S OFT DOLLARS, RESEARCH
Vis e does not us e Client commis s ions to acquire res earch or brokerage s ervices other than order
execution.
BROKERAGE FOR INTERMEDIARY REFERRALS
Vis e does not cons ider the pos s ibility of receiving Intermediary referrals from a particular broker-dealer
when s electing or recommending that intermediaries us e the broker-dealer.
DIRECTED BROKERAGE
Vis e does not permit Client s to direct brokerage.
ORDER EXECUTION RISK
Vis e is authorized by each Client to execute trans actions on s uch Clients ' behalf. Vis e typically executes
s ecurities trans actions as s oon as reas onably practicable after generating each trade recommendation.
However, there are many reas ons that trades may be delayed or extended, including but not limited to,
complex s cenarios , market activity, liquidity, vendor is s ues , and data verification. Thes e events could
caus e delays in the amount of time it takes Vis e, or the relevant executing broker, to execute each
trans action. Any delays in Vis e’s executing trans actions could reduce, perhaps materially, any profit
earned by s uch Clients or could caus e a material los s .
Vis e may execute trans actions by placing a variety of order types s uch as market orders , limit orders , or
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algorithmic orders. This could result in Vise’s Clients paying a higher purchase price or receiving a lower
sale price when Vise places orders on the Client’s behalf compared to using other order execution
methods. It could also result in higher execution fees charged by the brokers handling these transactions.
ities with Intermediary Brokers. If you want to control the
TIMING OF ORDER SUBMISSION AND EXECUTION OF TRADES
Timing of order execution will be done on a best efforts basis. Vise does not guarantee that proposals will
be executed on the same trading day, regardless of whether they are algorithm or Intermediary generated.
Vise places orders to buy and or/sell secur
specific time during the day that securities are bought and sold in your account (e.g., you want the ability
to “time the market”), you should not use Vise’s Service.
ORDER EXECUTION PRACTICES
Vise systematically reviews trade orders for a variety of liquidity indicators when interacting with our
executing brokers. Based on the internal trading metrics Vise has produced and maintains, Vise may utilize
a variety of order types and execution methods to potentially improve the outcome for the Client. These
order execution methods include but are not limited to: market orders, limit orders, or algorithmic orders.
Vise maintains the discretion to dec ide which order execution strategy to utilize for ea ch individual order.
ORDER AGGREGATION AND BLOCK TRADING PRACTICES
Vise will review proposed trades at varying times throughout the day. When possible, Vise will aggregate
orders containing the same security with the same trade direction. Vise will block its orders to ensure that
no Client is favored, and each account wil l receive the same average share price on a pro rata basis. The
timing of approved orders, market liquidity conditions, limit prices, and Intermediary generated trades may
result in identical trades receiving different prices across different accounts on t he same day.
both commission or transaction fees charged by the
Vise will determine if incurring tradeaway fees or step out fees is better overall to the Client when
transacting in equity or fixed income securities. These fees may be incurred through broker -dealers other
than the account custodian. The Client may incur
executing broker -dealer and a processing fee charged by the account custodian.
Item 13 | Review of Accounts
rading is undertaken in compliance with
Vise conducts account reviews through its automated computer algorithms and by Vise’s investment
advisory personnel responsible for portfolio validation and monitoring of Client accounts. For each of
Vise’s investment strategies, investment advisory personnel are responsible for periodically reviewing
trading data and other automated events and reports and overseeing the trading activity performed on
behalf of Vise’s Clients within Vise’s investment strategies. Such reviews include without limitation a
verification that actual trading activity is consistent with the intended strategy, an analysis of risks
associated with a particular strategy, and a determination that t
applicable regulations.
In addition, as Vise acts as a subadviser, an Intermediary may (and is encouraged to) conduct account
reviews which are independent of and/or in addition to the reviews conducted by Vise.
REPORTING
Vise provides Client reporting via its platform on a periodic basis. Reports generally include, but are not
limited to, account values, performance and characteristics Vise monitors performance data for accuracy
but in some circumstances the information could be incorrect, such as errors resulting from the inaccuracy
of underlying custodian data.
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TAX REPORTING
Vise will report and provide information on its website and/or in the form of reports on items related to the
Client’s capital gains status and this information provided should not be utilized for capital gains reporting
purposes. The figures presented are for illustrative purposes only. Clients are strongly encouraged to
coordinate with a qualified tax professional for all tax related matters.
Vise does not provide tax advice and Intermediaries are encouraged to work with a qualified tax
professional with their Clients. Provided content is for overview and informational purposes only and
should not be relied upon as individual tax advice. Client s are strongly advised to consult with qualified
tax professionals regarding all tax related matters.
Item 14 | Intermediary Referrals and Other Compensation
d the promoter. Vise will enter into solicitation
CLIENT REFERRALS
Vise may engage third parties to solicit business on its behalf. Promoters are paid a portion of the
investment advisory fee charged by Vise to the solicited Intermediary. All fees paid to a promoter are paid
pursuant to a written agreement between Vise an
arrangements only if written agreements are in place, and all parties are in full compliance with all
requirements under the Advisers Act Rule 206(4)-1.
For Clients who are introduced to us by an unaffiliated promoter, the Client is given, prior to or at the time
of solicitation, (1) a copy of a written disclosure statement which meets the requirements of Rule 206(4)
-
1(b) of the Advisers Act and include a statement addressing any material conflicts resulting from Vise’s
relationship with the promoter. The payment of a solicitation fee creates a conflict of interest with respect
to the promoter’s recommendation that an Intermediary select Vise for Investment Management Services.
USE OF ADVERTISING NETWORKS
Vise conducts campaigns through advertising networks (e.g., Google AdWords/AdSense, Microsoft
AdCenter) and compensates such advertising networks accordingly. In addition, at certain times Vise may
offer a credit or nominal gift to existing Intermediaries that refer new Intermediaries to use Vise’s services.
While the amount of the credit or gift is nominal, such credits or gifts cause a conflict of interest because
they incentivize Intermediaries to make referrals.
technology services provider, Vise will have no portfolio
Client’s investment objectives; or any other aspects of the portfolio
TECHNOLOGY SERVICES
Vise may provide technology and/or consulting services to third party financial entities, including entities
that may be registered as investment advisers under the Advisers Act and/or registered as broker -dealers
under Section 15 of the Exchange Act. As a
management, investment advisory, or fiduciary responsibilities with respect to any Clients who may use
the technology through an Intermediary. When providing technology and/or consulting services to third
party financial entities, Vise will not manage, monitor, or oversee any trading decisions of any Client, any
Client’s compliance with the
management activity of Client accounts or portfolios. Vise will not enter into a discretionary investment
management agreement with a Client solely in connection with the provision of technology services to an
Intermediary.
Item 15 | Custody
Vise generally does not have custody of Client assets. Assets are held in the name of Client and are held
in the custody of dealer -brokers, which are qualified custodians as defined in Advisers Act Rule 206(4) -2.
However, based on SEC guidance, Vise may be deemed to have custody of its Clients’ assets because
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certain Clients may authorize Vise to deduct its Subadviser Fee out of the assets in such Clients’ accounts
by sending invoices to the respective custodians of those accounts.
Such Clients will receive account
statements directly from their third -party custodians for the accounts and should carefully review these
statements. Such Clients should contact their Intermediary immediately if they do not receive account
s tatements from their cus todian on at leas t a quarterly bas is . As noted in Item 13 (“Review of Accounts ”)
of this Brochure, Vis e may provide C lients with s eparate reports or account s tatements providing
information about the account. Clients s hould compare thes e carefully to the account s tatements received
from the cus todian. If Clients dis cover any dis crepancy between the account s tatement provided by Vis e
and the account s tatement provided by the cus todian, then they s hould contact their Intermediary.
Item 16 | Inves tment Dis cretion
Vis e receives dis cretionary inves tment authority from its C lients at the outs et of an advis ory relations hip
in connection with the Service. Vis e requires a limited power of attorney (or other grant of authority required
by a Client’s Intermediary or broker-dealer) to act on a dis cretionary bas is for its C lients , allowing Vis e to
trade on behalf of thes e Client s . Vis e is als o granted inves tment dis cretion by the appointment of Client s
or Intermediaries through the Governing Document. Clients complete the applicable documentation
required by the Client ’s broker-dealer as part of the Service enrollment proces s . The Inves tment dis cretion
granted to Vis e ens ures the timing, quantity, s ecurity s election, and decis ion to buy and/or s ell is fully
within Vis e’s authority. After acceptance of the initial trade recommendations , thereafter Vis e will as s ume
full inves tment dis cretion, and further rebalancing decis ions will not be pres ented to the Intermediary.
Item 17 | Voting Client Securities
Vis e does not vote Client s ecurities , nor does it provide advice about proxy s olicitations . Clients or
Intermediaries mus t vote proxies on s ecurities held in their account directly bas ed on information they
receive from their cus todians and/or Intermediaries .
Item 18 | Financial Information
Vis e does not require or s olicit payment of more than $1,200 in fees per Client , s ix months , or more in
advance, and, thus , has not included a balance s heet of its mos t recent fis cal year. Vis e is not s ubject to
any financial commitment that impairs its ability to meet contractual and fiduciary commitments to Client s ,
nor has Vis e been the s ubject of a bankruptcy petition.
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