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Item 1 – Cover Page
Werlinich Asset Management, LLC
746 Riverbank Rd.
Stamford, CT 06903
914-260-3230
www.waminvest.com
1/30/2026
This Brochure provides information about the qualifications and business practices of
Werlinich Asset Management, LLC. (Hereafter referred to as “WAM” or “Adviser”) If you
have any questions about the contents of this Brochure, please contact us at 914-260-3230
or greg@waminvest.com. The information in this Brochure has not been approved or
verified by the United States Securities and Exchange Commission or by any state securities
authority.
WAM is a registered investment adviser. Registration of an Investment Adviser does not
imply any level of skill or training. The oral and written communications of an Adviser
provide you with information about which you determine to hire or retain an Adviser.
Additional information about WAM also is available on the SEC’s website at
www.adviserinfo.sec.gov.
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Item 2 – Material Changes
This item of the Brochure will discuss only specific material changes that are made to the
Brochure and provide clients with a summary of such changes. The most recent update of
our Brochure is January 30, 2026 and does not contain any material changes since the last
filing of the brochure on January 2, 2025.
We will further provide other ongoing disclosure information about material changes as
necessary.
Currently, our Brochure may be requested by contacting Greg Werlinich, President &
Managing Member, at (914) 260-3230 at or greg@waminvest.com. Our Brochure is also
available on our web site www.waminvest.com, also free of charge.
Additional information about WAM is also available via the SEC’s web site
www.adviserinfo.sec.gov. The SEC’s web site also provides information about any persons
affiliated with WAM who are registered, or are required to be registered, as investment
adviser representatives of WAM.
Date of Brochure: 1/30/2026
Date of most recent annual updating amendment: 1/30/2026
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Item 3 -Table of Contents
Item 1 – Cover Page .................................................................................................................................. i
Item 2 – Material Changes ...................................................................................................................... ii
Item 3 – Table of Contents .................................................................................................................... iii
Item 4 – Advisory Business .................................................................................................................... 1
Item 5 – Fees and Compensation .......................................................................................................... 2
Item 6 – Performance-Based Fees and Side-By-Side Management ............................................... 4
Item 7 – Types of Clients ........................................................................................................................ 4
Item 8 – Methods of Analysis, Investment Strategies and Risk of Loss ........................................ 4
Item 9 – Disciplinary Information ........................................................................................................ 7
Item 10 – Other Financial Industry Activities and Affiliations ....................................................... 7
Item 11 – Code of Ethics ......................................................................................................................... 7
Item 12 – Brokerage Practices .............................................................................................................. 9
Item 13 – Review of Accounts ............................................................................................................. 10
Item 14 – Client Referrals and Other Compensation ...................................................................... 10
Item 15 – Custody .................................................................................................................................. 11
Item 16 – Investment Discretion ........................................................................................................ 11
Item 17 – Voting Client Securities ...................................................................................................... 11
Item 18 – Financial Information ......................................................................................................... 12
Brochure Supplement(s)
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Item 4 – Advisory Business
WAM was founded in 1997 by Greg Werlinich, who is the principal owner of the firm. As of
12/31/2025, WAM has approximately $209 million in discretionary assets under management.
Investment Management Services:
WAM currently manages discretionary investment advisory accounts for individuals, personal
trusts and charitable foundations, but may in the future manage accounts for pension plans,
estates and corporations.
WAM provides continuous advice to its clients regarding the investment of their funds based on
the individual needs of the client. Through personal discussions in which goals and objectives
based on a client's particular circumstances are established, WAM develops a client's personal
investment policy and creates and manages a portfolio based on that policy. Account supervision
is guided by the stated objectives of the client.
WAM may create a portfolio consisting of one or all of the following: individual equities, bonds,
other investment products, private placements, no-load and load-waived mutual funds and
exchange-traded funds. Generally, WAM primarily creates and manages portfolios of individual
equities and a limited number of ETFs.
WAM will allocate the client's assets among various investments taking into consideration the
overall management style selected by the client. WAM does not generally utilize mutual funds,
however, in the event mutual funds are utilized, funds will be selected on the basis of any or all of
the following criteria: the fund's performance history; the industry sector in which the fund
invests; the track record of the fund's manager; the fund's investment objectives; the fund's
management style and philosophy; and the fund's management fee structure. Portfolio weighting
between funds and market sectors will be determined by each client's individual needs and
circumstances. Clients will have the opportunity to place reasonable restrictions on the types of
investments which will be made on the client's behalf. Clients will retain individual ownership of
all securities.
As detailed below, according to an Investment Management Agreement, Clients are charged a
variable fee based on the percentage of assets managed or a fixed monthly fee.
In addition to managing the client’s investment portfolio, WAM may consult with clients on
various financial areas including income and estate tax planning, college financial planning,
retirement planning, insurance analysis, personal cash flow analysis, establishment and design of
retirement plans and trust designs, among other things.
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Item 5 – Fees and Compensation
In certain circumstances, some of Adviser's fees, account minimums and their applications to
family circumstances may be negotiable. Minimum account sizes may also be waived when a
person demonstrates an ability to meet the minimum account size in a reasonable period of time
through additional contributions.
The specific manner in which fees are charged by WAM is established in a client’s written
agreement with WAM. WAM will generally bill its fees on a quarterly basis. Investment
Management clients will be billed in arrears at the beginning of each new calendar quarter based
upon the market value of the client’s account at the end of the previous quarter. Clients may elect
to be billed directly for fees or authorize WAM to directly debit fees from client accounts. New
accounts are charged a prorated fee for the remainder of the quarter in which the account is
opened (date assets transferred in). Advisory fees shall apply to accrued interest and shall apply
to cash balances unless negotiated or agreed upon otherwise.
A client agreement may be canceled at any time, by either party, for any reason upon receipt
of 10 days prior written notice. In the event of withdrawal of funds or the termination of any
account, any fees, or other expenses associated with rebalancing or liquidating the account
holdings may be assessed to the client’s account. Termination of an agreement will not affect (a)
the validity of any action previously taken by WAM under the agreement; (b) liabilities or
obligations of the parties from transactions initiated before termination of the agreement; or (c)
the client’s obligation to pay advisor fees. On the termination of the agreement, WAM will have no
obligation to recommend or take any action with regard to the securities, cash or other
investments in a client’s account.
WAM’s fees are exclusive of brokerage commissions, transaction fees, and other related costs
and expenses which shall be incurred by the client. Clients may incur certain charges imposed by
custodians, brokers, third party investment and other third parties such as fees charged by
managers, custodial fees, odd-lot differentials, transfer taxes, wire transfer and electronic fund
fees, and other fees and taxes on brokerage accounts and securities transactions. Mutual funds
and exchange traded funds also charge internal management fees, which are disclosed in a fund’s
prospectus. These fees will generally include a management fee, other fund expenses, and a
possible distribution fee. If the fund also imposes sales charges, a client may pay an initial or
deferred sales charge. All fees paid to WAM for investment advisory services are separate and
distinct from the fees and expenses charged by mutual funds and ETFs to their shareholders. A
client could invest in a mutual fund or ETF directly, without the services of Adviser. In that case,
the client would not receive the services provided by Adviser which are designed, among other
things, to assist the client in determining which mutual fund or funds are most appropriate to
each client’s financial condition and objectives. Accordingly, the client should review both the
fees charged by the funds and the fees charged by Adviser to fully understand the total amount of
fees to be paid by the client and to thereby evaluate the advisory services being provided.
Such charges, fees and commissions are exclusive of and in addition to WAM’s fee, and WAM
shall not receive any portion of these commissions, fees, and costs.
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Item 12 further describes the factors that WAM considers in recommending broker-dealers for
client transactions and determining the reasonableness of their compensation (e.g.,
commissions).
Advisory Fees
Investment Management Services:
Clients are charged either hourly fees, a variable fee based on the percentage of assets managed
or a fixed monthly fee according to an Investment Management Agreement. The fees are
calculated based on the prices of securities on the last trading day of each quarter, i.e. March 31,
June 30, September 30 and December 31.
Accounts are billed as follows:
Investment Management Services:
• Level I: Up to $50,000 in balances. Fixed fee of $50.00 per month, billed quarterly.
• Level II: $50,001 to $100,000 in balances. Fixed fee of $100.00 per month, billed
quarterly.
• Level III: $100,001 to $150,000 in balances. Fixed fee of $150.00 per month, billed
quarterly.
• Level IV: $150,001 to $200,000 in balances. Fixed fee of $200.00 per month, billed
quarterly.
• Level V: $200,001 to $250,000 in balances. Fixed fee of $250 per month, billed quarterly.
• Silver Level: $250,001 to $1,000,000 in balances. Annual fee of 1.125% of account value,
with a minimum monthly fee of $250.00 per month, billed quarterly.
• Gold Level: $1,000,001 to $5,000,000 in balances. Annual fee of 1.00% of account value,
with a minimum monthly fee of $950.00 per month, billed quarterly.
• For balances in excess of $5,000,000 the fee schedule is available upon request.
WAM generally requires a minimum account size of $1,000,000 for new Investment Management
clients. This account size may be negotiable under certain circumstances.
From time-to-time WAM may be hired to work on an hourly basis. In such cases, the standard
consultation fee is $150 per hour.
WAM is a fiduciary under ERISA with respect to investment management services and
investment advice provided to any ERISA Clients, including ERISA plan participants. WAM is also
a fiduciary under the Internal Revenue Code (the “IRC”) with respect to investment management
services and investment advice provided to ERISA plans, ERISA plan participants, IRA owners
and IRAs. As such, WAM is subject to specific duties and obligations under ERISA and the IRC that
include, among other things, prohibited transaction rules which are intended to prohibit
fiduciaries from acting on conflicts of interest. When a fiduciary gives advice in which it has a
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conflict of interest, the fiduciary must either avoid or eliminate the conflict or rely upon a
prohibited transaction exemption.
A conflict of interest arises when WAM makes recommendations about ERISA plan distributions
and rollovers (“rollover recommendations”) if it results in WAM receiving compensation that it
would not have received absent the recommendation, for example, fees for advising a rollover
IRA. WAM will manage this conflict through a process designed to develop an informed
recommendation in the best interest of the client. No client is under any obligation to roll over
ERISA plan or IRA assets to an account advised or managed by WAM. When WAM makes a
rollover recommendation, it is fiduciary advice under both the Investment Advisers Act of 1940
and ERISA. In addition to being a conflict of interest, it is also a prohibited transaction under
ERISA where WAM receives compensation from the rollover IRA that it would not have received
absent the recommendation. In that circumstance, WAM will comply with the conditions of
exceptions to the prohibited transaction rules (e.g., an applicable prohibited transaction
exemption such as PTE 2020-02 or non-enforcement policy).
Item 6 – Performance-Based Fees and Side-By-Side Management
WAM does not charge any performance-based fees (fees based on a share of capital gains on or
capital appreciation of the assets of a client). All fees are calculated as described above and are
not charged on the basis of income or capital gains or capital appreciation of the funds or any
portion of the funds of an advisory client.
Item 7 – Types of Clients
WAM provides services to individuals, trusts and charitable foundations. WAM also offers
services to pension plans, estates and corporations.
WAM generally requires a minimum account size of $1,000,000 for Investment Management
Services. This minimum account size may be negotiable under certain circumstances.
Item 8 – Methods of Analysis, Investment Strategies and Risk of Loss
Method of Analysis
WAM’s security analysis is based on a number of factors including those derived from
commercially available software technology, securities rating services, general market and
financial information and specific investment analysis that clients may request. WAM culls
research from numerous sources, including newspapers, magazines, newsletters, broker-dealer
research, conferences, meetings with management and the internet, to name a few.
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Investment Strategies
The principal strategy employed by WAM is one of sector rotation investing. What this means is
that WAM uses a “top down” methodology of looking at the global economic, political and
investment landscape in order to determine what areas, or sectors, of the market have the
greatest opportunity to outperform the overall stock market for a period of time, generally
thought to be five to ten years. WAM then invests the majority of its assets in those “core”
sectors, while minimizing exposure to those areas it deems to be the weakest sectors. Then, as
times and conditions warrant, WAM changes its sector allocations to meet the new
circumstances.
Within this sector-based investment strategy, WAM tends to favor established, profitable,
market-leading, dividend paying companies, as well as rapidly growing technology stocks,
because WAM believes that those types of companies will tend to outperform both in good and
bad times. Historical evidence suggests that dividends are a very important component of the
overall return generated by stocks.
In addition, WAM believes very strongly in being tax efficient. Whenever possible, WAM seeks to
minimize the taxes paid by its clients every year. Therefore, it is part of WAM’s strategy to hold
securities for more than one year in order to capture favorable tax status when those securities
are sold. In addition, WAM typically trades infrequently on behalf of its clients in order to reduce
unfavorable tax consequences.
Risk of Loss
All investments are subject to risk. Investing in securities involves risk of loss that clients should
be prepared to bear. All investments present the risk of loss of principal – the risk that the value
of securities (equities, mutual funds, ETFs and individual bonds), when sold or otherwise
disposed of, may be less than the price paid for them. Even when the value of the securities when
sold is greater than the price paid, there is the risk that the appreciation will be less than
inflation. In other words, the purchasing power of the proceeds may be less than the purchasing
power of the original investment. Clients should carefully consider the investment objectives,
risks and expenses of the various securities utilized by WAM. Please contact WAM if you need
additional information.
The various securities utilized by WAM may include domestic and international stocks, Real
Estate Investment Trust (REITs), Exchange Traded Funds (ETFs) and mutual funds, in addition
to various fixed income products. The prices of the common or preferred stocks, other securities
or commodities, including securities held by mutual funds and ETFs, may decline (and the fund
price may in turn decline) in response to certain events taking place around the world, including
but not limited to; conditions affecting the general economy; overall market changes; local,
regional or global political, social or economic instability; governmental or governmental agency
responses to economic conditions; and currency, interest rate and commodity price fluctuations.
The return of principal for the bond holdings is not guaranteed. Mutual funds and ETF shares
invested in fixed income securities are subject to the same interest rate, inflation and credit risks
associated with the underlying bond holdings.
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Equity Securities Risk. Equity securities (common, convertible preferred stocks, ETFs and other
securities whose values are tied to the price of stocks, such as rights, warrants and convertible
debt securities) could decline in value if the issuer's financial condition declines or in response to
overall market and economic conditions. A fund's principal market segment(s) – such as large
cap, mid cap or small cap stocks, or growth or value stocks – can underperform other market
segments or the equity markets as a whole. Investments in smaller companies and mid-size
companies can involve greater risk and price volatility than investments in larger, more mature
companies.
Certain securities utilized by WAM may be international securities or certain funds utilized by
WAM may contain international securities. Investing outside the United States involves
additional risks, such as currency fluctuations, periods of illiquidity and price volatility, as more
fully described in the respective fund’s prospectus. These risks may be greater with investments
in developing countries.
The Adviser may invest from time to time, on behalf of Clients, in certain private equity and/or
debt securities offered by companies seeking to raise venture capital financing. Additional
information about the fees and risks associated with any private equity investment is included in
the offering documents provided to prospective investors. As these types of investments have
higher degrees of risk, they will only be recommended when consistent with the client's stated
investment objectives, tolerance for risk, liquidity and suitability. Clients need to be aware that
these types of investments do not afford the same level of liquidity as traditional investments
and may be subject to lock-ups and other liquidity restrictions.
Past performance does not guarantee future returns. The risk of loss described herein should not
be considered to be an exhaustive list of all risks which clients should consider.
Cybersecurity
The computer systems, networks and devices used by WAM and service providers to us and our
clients to carry out routine business operations employ a variety of protections designed to
prevent damage or interruption from computer viruses, network failures, computer and
telecommunication failures, infiltration by unauthorized persons and security breaches. Despite
the various protections utilized, systems, networks or devices potentially can be breached. A
client could be negatively impacted as a result of a cybersecurity breach.
Cybersecurity breaches can include unauthorized access to systems, networks, or devices;
infection from computer viruses or other malicious software code; and attacks that shut down,
disable, slow or otherwise disrupt operations, business processes or website access or
functionality. Cybersecurity breaches may cause disruptions and impact business operations,
potentially resulting in financial losses to a client; impediments to trading; the inability by us and
other service providers to transact business; violations of applicable privacy and other laws;
regulatory fines, penalties, reputational damage, reimbursement or other compensation costs, or
additional compliance costs, as well as the inadvertent release of confidential information.
Similar adverse consequences could result from cybersecurity breaches affecting issuers of
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securities in which a client invests; governmental and other regulatory authorities; exchange and
other financial market operators, banks, brokers, dealers and other financial institutions and
other parties. In additional substantial costs may be incurred by these entities in order to prevent
any cybersecurity breaches in the future.
Market Disruption, Health Crises, Terrorism and Geopolitical Risk
WAM is subject to the risk that war, terrorism, global health crises or similar pandemics, and
other related geopolitical events increase short-term market volatility and may have adverse
long-term effects on world economics and markets generally. These risks have previously led and
may lead in the future to adverse effects on issuers of securities and the value of client’s
investments. At such times, WAM’s exposure to a number of other risks described elsewhere in
this section can increase.
Item 9 – Disciplinary Information
Registered investment advisers are required to disclose all material facts regarding any legal or
disciplinary events that might be material to your evaluation of WAM or the integrity of WAM’s
management. WAM has never been subject to any legal or disciplinary events since inception.
Item 10 – Other Financial Industry Activities and Affiliations
WAM does not have any other financial industry activities or affiliations.
Item 11 – Code of Ethics
WAM has adopted a Code of Ethics expressing the firm's commitment to ethical conduct. WAM's
Code of Ethics describes the firm's fiduciary duties and responsibilities to clients, and sets forth
WAM's practice of supervising the personal securities transactions of supervised persons with
access to client information. Individuals associated with WAM may buy or sell securities for
their personal accounts identical to or different than those recommended to clients. It is the
expressed policy of Adviser that no person employed by Adviser shall prefer his or her own
interest to that of an advisory client or make personal investment decisions based on the
investment decisions of advisory clients.
To supervise compliance with its Code of Ethics, WAM requires that anyone associated with this
advisory practice with access to advisory recommendations provide personal brokerage reports
to the firm's Chief Compliance Officer. WAM also requires such access persons to also receive
approval from the Chief Compliance Officer prior to investing in any IPOs or private placements
(limited offerings).
WAM requires that all individuals must act in accordance with all applicable Federal and State
regulations governing registered investment advisory practices. WAM's Code of Ethics further
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includes the firm's policy prohibiting the use of material non-public information. Any individual
not in observance of the above may be subject to disciplinary measures.
WAM will provide a complete copy of its Code of Ethics to any client or prospective client upon
request to Greg Werlinich at WAM’s principal address.
From time to time, WAM may purchase or sell for its actively managed accounts, or recommend
to its advisory accounts, a security in a company that is concurrently owned by Greg Werlinich or
another family member. Such purchases or sales are based on the Greg’s analysis of the
risk/reward opportunity of the particular security measured against the investment parameters
stipulated by the client in question. Such purchases or sales for a client of a particular
security either precede, or are concurrent with (via a block trade), new transactions on behalf of
the WAM. In such circumstances, the affiliated and client accounts will share commission costs
equally and receive securities at a total average price. WAM will retain records of the trade order
(specifying each participating account) and its allocation, which will be completed prior to the
entry of the aggregated order. Completed orders will be allocated as specified in the initial trade
order. Partially filled orders will be allocated on a pro-rata basis. Any exceptions will be
explained on the Order.
As disclosed in Item 8, WAM may also recommend investments to its advisory clients in certain
private equity and/or debt securities offered by companies seeking to raise venture capital
financing. Greg Werlinich, or another family member, may have an interest or serve on the board
of directors in a private holding recommended to client. Greg, in his individual capacity, serves as
a Director on the Board of Directors of Hotel Interactive, Inc. Neither Greg, nor any related
persons, receive any compensation in relation to private equity investments, but may have a
conflict of interest in client investment in a private placement based on this concurrent
ownership and/or directorship. Advisory clients are under no obligation to participate in such
investments. The members of WAM will disclose to clients any affiliations to any such
investment(s) at the time of the solicitation. Additional information about such investments is
included in the offering documents and will only be recommended when consistent with the
client's stated investment objectives, tolerance for risk, liquidity and suitability.
It is WAM’s policy that the firm will not affect any principal or agency cross securities
transactions for client accounts. WAM will also not cross trades between client accounts.
Principal transactions are generally defined as transactions where an adviser, acting as principal
for its own account or the account of an affiliated broker-dealer, buys from or sells any security
to any advisory client. A principal transaction may also be deemed to have occurred if a security
is crossed between an affiliated hedge fund and another client account. An agency cross
transaction is defined as a transaction where a person acts as an investment adviser in relation
to a transaction in which the investment adviser, or any person controlled by or under common
control with the investment adviser, acts as broker for both the advisory client and for another
person on the other side of the transaction. Agency cross transactions may arise where an
adviser is dually registered as a broker-dealer or has an affiliated broker-dealer.
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Item 12 – Brokerage Practices
As WAM does not have the discretionary authority to determine the broker dealer to be used or
the commission rates to be paid, clients must direct WAM as to the broker dealer to be used. In
directing the use of a particular broker or dealer, it should be understood that WAM will not have
authority to negotiate commissions or obtain volume discounts, and best execution may not be
achieved. In addition, a disparity in commission charges may exist between the commissions
charged to other clients.
Adviser participates in the Schwab Advisor Services (SAS) program offered to independent
investment advisors by Charles Schwab & Company, Inc. (Schwab). Schwab offer services to
independent investment advisors that include custody of securities, trade execution, clearance
and settlement of transactions. Schwab is an independent unaffiliated SEC-registered and
Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA) member broker-dealer and is a member of
SIPC. The Schwab platform is essential to WAM's service arrangements and capabilities, and
WAM may not accept clients who direct the use of other brokers. Clients in need of brokerage
and custodial services will have Schwab recommended to them. As part of the Schwab program,
WAM receives benefits that it would not receive if it did not offer investment advice (See the
disclosure under Item 14).
WAM may, from time to time, engage in “block” trading, which occurs when a trade is placed for
the benefit of more than one client at a time. WAM will trade in blocks where possible and when
advantageous to clients. If such an order is filled, the transaction costs on the trade are shared
equaly and on a pro-rata basis between all accounts included in any such block. WAM believes
that block trades and average pricing results in a more efficient execution at equitable final
prices for all accounts than if the trades had been done individually. WAM may aggregate trades
for its related persons with client trades. No advisory client or WAM related person will be
favored over any other client; each client that participates in an aggregated order will participate
at the average share price for all WAM's transactions in a given block trade on a given business
day, with transaction costs shared pro-rata based on each client's participation in the
transaction.
From time-to-time WAM may make an error in submitting a trade order on your behalf. When
this occurs, WAM may place a correcting trade with the broker-dealer which has custody of the
Client account. If an investment gain results from the correcting trade, the gain will remain in the
Client account unless the same error involved other client account(s) that should have received
the gain, it is not permissible for the Client to retain the gain, or WAM confers with the Client and
the Client decides to forego the gain (e.g., due to tax reasons). If the gain does not remain in the
Client account and Schwab is the custodian, Schwab will donate the amount of any gain $100 and
over to charity. If a loss occurs greater than $100, WAM will pay for the loss. Schwab will
maintain the loss or gain (if such gain is not retained in the Client account) if it is under $100 to
minimize and offset its administrative time and expense. Generally, if related trade errors result
in both gains and losses in the Client account, they may be netted.
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Item 13 – Review of Accounts
Reviews: Greg Werlinich, President of WAM, is the sole person responsible for the regular review
of each Client's account. While the accounts are informally monitored on at least a weekly basis,
formal reviews happen every quarter. The performance of each portfolio is measured on a
quarterly basis against the expectations of the Clients and against standard market indices
including, but not limited to: the Dow Jones Industrial Average, the Standard & Poors 500, the
Nasdaq Composite and the Russell 2000. Factors that may trigger a change in the portfolio
include, but are not limited to: changes in the fundamentals of the company, company
filings, reports from brokerage firms and key industry analysts, corporate press releases, general
market, economic and world conditions, and the particular needs of the Client at a given moment
in time.
Reports: Clients of WAM receive an original confirmation from the account custodian following
execution of a transaction in their account. Clients also receive regular monthly or quarterly
statements from the brokerage firm acting as custodian for their account. WAM provides a more
detailed statement of the account on a quarterly basis. The Client has access to all information
and transactions in their brokerage account via the internet. WAM is available to confer with the
Client whenever it is reasonably requested.
Item 14 – Client Referrals and Other Compensation
WAM does not have any arrangements to compensate any person for client referrals.
As indicated under the disclosure for Item 12, WAM utilizes the services of the Schwab SAS
program. SAS provides WAM with access to institutional trading and custody services, which are
typically not available to retain investors. These services generally are available to independent
investment advisors on an unsolicited basis at no charge to them. The services include brokerage,
custody, research, and access to mutual funds and other investments that are otherwise generally
available only to institutional investors or would require a significantly higher minimum initial
investment.
While there is no direct linkage between the investment advice given to clients and WAM's
participation in the SAS program, economic benefits are received by WAM which would not be
received if WAM did not give investment advice to clients. SAS also makes available to WAM
other products and services that benefit WAM but might not benefit its clients' accounts. Some of
these other products and services assist WAM in managing and administering clients' accounts.
These include software and other technology that provide access to client account data (such as
trade confirmations and account statements); facilitate trade execution (and allocation of
aggregated trade orders for multiple client accounts); provide research, pricing information and
other market data; facilitate payment of WAM's fees from its clients' accounts; and assist with
back-office functions, recordkeeping and client reporting.
The benefits received by the WAM do not depend on the amount of brokerage transactions
directed to Schwab. WAM does not enter into any commitments with the broker for transaction
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levels in exchange for any services or products from the broker. While as a fiduciary, WAM
endeavors to act in its clients' best interests, WAM's requirement that clients maintain their
assets in accounts at Schwab may be based in part on the benefit to WAM of the availability of
some of the foregoing products and services and not solely on the nature, cost or quality of
custody and brokerage services provided by Schwab, which may create a potential conflict of
interest.
Item 15 – Custody
The Advisor is authorized to deduct its fees from the Client’s account[s] at the Custodian. The
Client must place all assets with a “qualified custodian”. The Client is required to engage the
Custodian to retain all funds and securities and direct the Advisor to utilize that Custodian for
security transactions in the account[s]. The Client should review statements provided by the
Custodian, as the Custodian does not perform this review. For more information about
custodians and brokerage practices, see Item 12 – Brokerage Practices.
Item 16 – Investment Discretion
WAM usually receives discretionary authority from the client at the outset of an advisory
relationship to select the identity and amount of securities to be bought of sold. In all cases,
however, such discretion is to be exercised in a manner consistent with the stated investment
objectives for the particular client account.
When selecting securities and determining amounts, WAM observes the investment policies,
limitations and restrictions of the clients for which it advises.
Investment guidelines and restrictions must be provided to WAM in writing.
Item 17 – Voting Client Securities
Proxy Voting: As a matter of firm policy and practice, WAM does not have any authority to, and
does not, vote proxies on behalf of advisory clients. Clients retain the responsibility for receiving
and voting proxies for any and all securities maintained in client portfolios. WAM may provide
advice to clients regarding the clients’ voting of proxies.
Class Actions, Bankruptcies and Other Legal Proceedings: Clients should note that WAM will
neither advise nor act on behalf of the client in legal proceedings involving companies whose
securities are held or previously were held in the client’s account(s), including, but not limited to,
the filing of “Proofs of Claim” in class action settlements. If desired, clients may direct WAM to
transmit copies of class action notices to the client or a third party. Upon such direction, WAM
will make commercially reasonable efforts to forward such notices in a timely manner.
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Item 18 – Financial Information
Registered investment advisers are required in this Item to provide you with certain financial
information or disclosures about WAM’s financial condition. WAM has no financial commitment
that impairs its ability to meet contractual and fiduciary commitments to clients, and has not
been the subject of a bankruptcy proceeding.
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