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2026 AMENDED BROCHURE
Meridian Financial, LLC (CRD 119679), brochure dated October 19, 2026. Text extracted from the firm's SEC Form ADV Part 2 brochure.
View firm on SEC ↗ · Current Form ADV (PDF) ↗
Item 1: Cover Page
Meridian Financial Advisors, LLC
Form ADV Part 2A
Investment Adviser Brochure
13 Water Street, Suite 302
Holliston, MA 01746
(508) 429-2600
www.meridianfinancial.net
October 19, 2026
This Brochure provides information about the qualifications and business practices of Meridian
Financial Advisors, LLC. The information in this Brochure has not been approved or verified by
the United States Securities and Exchange Commission or by any state securities authority. If
you have any questions about the contents of this Brochure, please contact Georgia G.
Bruggeman, Chief Executive Officer, at (508) 429-2600 or info@meridianfinancial.net.
Additional information about our Firm and its investment advisory representatives is also available
at www.adviserinfo.sec.gov.
Item 2: Summary of Material Changes
Material Changes since the Last Update
Meridian did not have any material changes since our last Annual Amendment on March 30,
2026. It has been filed to reflect an update to the firm’s assets under management and
updated language on risks involved in investment rollovers.
Meridian routinely makes updates throughout the Brochure to clarify the description of its
business practices and conflicts of interest, as well as to respond to evolving industry best
practices.
Our prospective Clients are strongly encouraged to read this Brochure in its entirety prior to
engaging Meridian Financial Advisors for an advisory or financial planning services.
If you have any questions or concerns regarding the content of this disclosure brochure or should
you require a hard copy of this Brochure, be sent directly to you, please direct your inquiry to
Georgia G. Bruggeman, Chief Executive Officer at (508) 429-2600 or info@meridianfinancial.net.
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Item 3: Table of Contents
Item 1: Cover Page ............................................................................................................................ 1
Item 2: Summary of Material Changes ............................................................................................. 2
Item 3: Table of Contents .................................................................................................................. 3
Item 4: Advisory Business ................................................................................................................. 4
Item 5: Fees and Compensation ........................................................................................................ 6
Item 6: Performance-Based Fees and Side-by-Side Management ................................................ 11
Item 7: Types of Clients ................................................................................................................... 11
Item 8: Methods of Analysis, Investment Strategies and Risk of Loss ......................................... 11
Item 9: Disciplinary Information ..................................................................................................... 16
Item 10: Other Financial Industry Activities and Affiliations ........................................................ 16
Item 11: Code of Ethics, Participation or Interest in Client Transactions and Personal Trading .... 16
Item 12: Brokerage Practices .......................................................................................................... 17
Item 13: Review of Accounts ........................................................................................................... 19
Item 14: Client Referrals and Other Compensation ....................................................................... 20
Item 15: Custody .............................................................................................................................. 20
Item 16: Investment Discretion ....................................................................................................... 21
Item 17: Voting Client Securities ..................................................................................................... 21
Item 18: Financial Information ........................................................................................................ 22
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Item 4: Advisory Business
A. Description of Firm
This Disclosure Brochure (“Form ADV Part 2”) provides information regarding the qualifications,
business practices, and the advisory services provided by Meridian Financial Advisors, LLC ‘s
(“MFA,” or “the Firm”, “we”, “us”, “ours”).
We are an Investment Adviser registered with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission
(“SEC”). We were founded in 1990 and are owned and operated by Georgia G. Bruggeman,
Chief Executive Officer.
We are strictly a fee-only financial planning and investment management firm. We only provide
investment advice on limited types of investments, which includes stocks, bonds, mutual funds
annuities, and ETFs. We are not affiliated with entities that sell financial products or securities.
No commissions in any form are accepted. No finder’s fees are accepted.
B. Types of Advisory Services
Financial Planning
We offer financial planning services, which may include a review of all aspects of a Client’s
current financial situation, including the following components: cash management, risk
management, insurance, education funding, goal setting, retirement planning, estate and
charitable giving planning, tax planning, and capital needs planning. Clients understand that
when we are engaged to address only certain components of a financial plan, the Client’s
overall financial and investment issues may not be taken into consideration.
We meet with the Client at least annually to review and analyze risk tolerance, financial goals
and objectives, and time horizons. Additional meetings may include a review and analysis of
additional financial information such as sources of income, assets owned, existing insurance,
liabilities, wills, trusts, business agreements, tax returns, investments, and personal and family
obligations.
The financial plan may include both long and short-term considerations, depending upon the
individual scenario. Upon completion of the review and analysis, a plan is presented to the
Client, and the Client is provided with recommendations that are deemed to be compatible
with the Client’s stated goals and objectives. An implementation schedule is reviewed with the
Client to determine which steps will be pursued, and with whom the steps may be
accomplished. The Client is under no obligation to utilize the Firm to implement the advice or
plan. Our Client may choose all or certain components of advice and recommendations and can
implement the recommendations through the service providers of their choice.
Investment Management
We provide continuous advice to Clients regarding investment of Client funds based on the
individual needs of the Client. Through personal discussions in which goals and objectives based
on a Client’s particular circumstances are established, we create and manage a portfolio. We
will manage advisory accounts on a discretionary basis only. Account supervision is guided by
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the stated objectives and risk tolerance of the Client (i.e., moderately aggressive, moderate risk,
moderately conservative, and conservative).
We will create a portfolio consisting of one or all of the following: individual equities, bonds,
other investment products, no-load or load-waived mutual funds, and ETFs. Mutual funds will
be selected on the basis of any or all of the following criteria: the fund’s performance history;
the industry sector in which the fund invests; the track record of the fund’s manager; the fund’s
investment objectives; the fund’s management style and philosophy; and the fund’s
management fee structure. Portfolio weighting between funds and market sectors will be
determined by each Client’s individual needs and circumstances.
We may also provide advice about any type of legacy position or investment otherwise held in
Client portfolios.
Participant Account Management Services
We use a third-party platform, called Pontera, to facilitate management of held away assets such
as defined contribution plan participant accounts, on a discretionary basis. Pontera allows us to
avoid being considered to have custody of Client funds since we do not have direct access to
Client log-in credentials to affect trades. We are not affiliated with Pontera in any way and
receive no compensation from them for using their platform. A link will be provided to a Client
allowing them to connect an account(s) to Pontera. Once a Client’s account is connected, we will
review the current account allocations. When deemed necessary, we will rebalance the account
considering Client investment goals and risk tolerance, and any change in allocations will
consider current economic and market trends. The goal is to improve account performance over
time, minimize loss during difficult markets, and manage internal fees that can harm account
performance. A Client’s account will be reviewed at least annually or as needed and allocation
changes will be made as we deem appropriate.
Tailored Relationships
We tailor investment advisory services to the individual needs of the Client. Our Clients are
allowed to impose restrictions on the investments in their account. All limitations and
restrictions placed on accounts must be presented to us in writing.
Fiduciary Statement
We are fiduciaries under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 and when we provide investment
advice to you regarding your retirement plan account or individual retirement account, we are
also fiduciaries within the meaning of Title I of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act,
(“ERISA”) and/or the Internal Revenue Code, (“IRC”), as applicable, which are laws governing
retirement accounts.
We have to act in the best interests of our Clients at all times and not put our interests ahead of
our Clients. At the same time, the way we make money creates conflicts with your interests.
We must take into consideration each Client’s objectives and act in the best interests of the
Client. We have the following responsibilities when working with our Clients:
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Meet a professional standard of care when making investment recommendations (give
prudent advice);
Never put our financial interests ahead of yours when making recommendations (give loyal
advice);
Avoid misleading statements about conflicts of interests, fees and investments;
Follow policies and procedures so we give advice that is in your best interest;
Charge no more than is reasonable for our services; and
Give you basic information about conflicts of interest.
We will use reasonable care and exercise independent professional judgement when conducting
investment analysis, making investment recommendations, trading, promoting our services, and
engaging in other professional activities.
C. Assets Under Management
As of September 30, 2026, we managed $308,644,220 in Client assets, all of which are
discretionary assets.
Item 5: Fees and Compensation
We have two types of fees, fixed fees, and a percentage of assets under management, which are
described below.
Fixed fees – Financial Planning
Financial Planning fees will be charged as follows:
Fees will typically range from $4,000 to $10,000 depending on the nature and
complexity of each Client’s circumstances.
One-half of the planning fee is due at contract signing, with the balance due at plan delivery.
Fees – Investment Management Services
Fees and compensation for our services are calculated in accordance with “Exhibit A” of the
Investment Advisory Agreement (“IAA”), which is signed upon the start of a relationship with a
Client. The Firm generally charges an annualized percentage rate fee based on a Client’s total
assets managed by the Firm. The IAA reflects all fee arrangements between the Firm and its
Clients. Although the Firm believes its fees are competitive, the Client should be aware that
lower fees for comparable services may be available from other sources.
The actual fee each Client pays is set forth in the IAA, is negotiable, and is based on a number of
factors, including Client investment strategies, assets under management and time devoted by
the advisors at the Firm to the Client’s account(s). The Client bears responsibility for verifying
the accuracy of our fee calculations. We reserve the right to modify our fees after we have
provided a Client with at least 30 day’s prior written notice.
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Investment Management fees are charged as follows:
Assets Under Management
$1 - $1,000,000
$1,000,001 - $3,000,000
Annual Fee
1.00%
0.85%
Quarterly Fee
25.00 basis points
21.25 basis points
$3,000,001 - $5,000,000
0.65%
16.25 basis points
Amounts over $5,000,000
0.50%
12.50 basis points
This is a blended fee schedule; the asset management fee is calculated by applying different
rates to different portions of the portfolio. We may group certain related Client accounts for the
purposes of achieving the minimum account size and determining the annualized fee.
For example (based on quarterly billing period):
Client with $2,000,000 under management would pay $4,625 on a quarterly basis.
AUM
Quarterly fee
Total
First $1,000,000
0.2500%
$2,500
Next $1,000,000
0.2125%
$2,125
Total
$4,625
Fees are billed quarterly in advance based on the amount of assets managed as of the close of
business on the last business day of the previous quarter.
Participant Account Management Fees
Our annual fees for Portfolio Management Services are based upon a percentage of assets under
management and are either a flat fee or a tiered fee schedule up to 1%.
Clients participating in the Pontera platform will be required to sign an IAA. This Fee will be
charged quarterly in advance and in certain instances, monthly in advance. The Fee will be
assessed and payable each billing period, in advance, based on the balance of Client’s managed
assets as of the prior quarter-end, in accordance with the fee schedule listed in Exhibit A of the
IAA. If we only manage your assets for part of a quarter, the charge will be prorated.
Investment management fees are generally directly debited from Client accounts. The exception
for this is directly managed held-away accounts, such as 401(k)s. As it is impossible to directly
debit the fees from these accounts, these fees will be assigned to a Client’s accounts on a pro-
rata basis. If the Client does not have an account managed by MFA, those fees will be billed
directly to the Client. Accounts initiated or terminated during a calendar quarter will be charged
a prorated fee based on the amount of time remaining in the billing period. An account may be
terminated with written notice at least 30 calendar days in advance.
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Calculation and Payment
The specific manner in which we calculate fees is established in a Client’s written agreement
with us. Clients may elect to be invoiced directly for fees or to authorize us to directly debit
fees from Client accounts.
If a Client begins its relationship with the Firm in the middle of the quarter, the Asset
Management fee will be prorated for assets held for a partial quarter based on the number of
days that the account was open during the quarter. If there is a mid-quarter change to an
existing Investment Management fee (for example, if a Client qualifies for a different tier in the
fee schedule or negotiates a new fee rate, the new fee rate is applied to the entire quarter).
Upon termination of any account, any prepaid, unearned fees will be refunded in the next
billing cycle, and any earned, unpaid fees will be due and payable in the next billing cycle.
Other Fees
There are no additional types of fees or expenses that our Clients pay in connection with the
delivery of advisory services.
Agreement Terms
Upon 30 days written notice, either party may terminate an agreement at any time by
notifying the other in writing. If the Client made an advance payment, we would refund any
unearned portion of the advance payment.
If the Client made a payment in arrears, we would collect any earned yet unpaid fees.
Cash Balances
Some of your assets may be held as cash and remain uninvested. Holding a portion of your
assets in cash and cash alternatives, i.e., money market fund shares, may be based on your
desire to have an allocation to cash as an asset class, to support a phased market entrance
strategy, to facilitate transaction execution, to have available funds for withdrawal needs, to
pay fees or to provide for asset protection during periods of volatile market conditions. Your
cash and cash equivalents will be subject to our investment advisory fees. You may experience
negative performance on the cash portion of your portfolio if the investment advisory fees
charged are higher than the returns you receive from your cash.
Retirement Plan Rollover Recommendations
As part of our investment advisory services to our Clients, we may recommend that Clients roll
assets from their employer’s retirement plan, such as a 401(k), 457, or ERISA 403(b) account
(collectively, a “Plan Account”), to an individual retirement account, such as a SIMPLE IRA, SEP
IRA, Traditional IRA, or Roth IRA (collectively, an “IRA Account”) that we will advise on the
Client’s behalf. We may also recommend rollovers from IRA Accounts to Plan Accounts, from
Plan Accounts to Plan Accounts, and from IRA Accounts to IRA Accounts.
If the Client elects to roll the assets over to an IRA that is subject to our advisement, we will
include the amount of these in the asset-based fee to be paid by the Client as set forth in the
IAA the Client executed with our firm. This creates a conflict of interest because it creates a
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financial incentive for our firm to recommend the rollover to the Client (i.e., receipt of
additional fee-based compensation).
Clients are under no obligation, contractually or otherwise, to complete the rollover. Moreover,
if Clients do complete the rollover, Clients are under no obligation to have the assets in an IRA
advised on by our firm. Due to the foregoing conflict of interest, when we make rollover
recommendations, we operate under a special rule as discussed in Item 4 – Fiduciary
Statement that requires us to act in our Clients’ best interests and not put our interests ahead
of our Clients.’
Many employers permit former employees to keep their retirement assets in their company
plan. Also, current employees can sometimes move assets out of their company plan before
they retire or change jobs. In determining whether to complete the rollover to an IRA, and to
the extent the following options are available, Clients should consider the costs and benefits of
a rollover. Note that an employee will typically have four options in this situation:
1. leaving the funds in the employer’s (former employer’s) plan;
2. moving the funds to a new employer’s retirement plan;
3. cashing out and taking a taxable distribution from the plan; or
4. rolling the funds into an IRA rollover account.
Each of these options has positives and negatives. Because of that, along with the importance
of understanding the differences between these types of accounts, upon request we will
provide Clients with a written explanation of the advantages and disadvantages of both
account types and document the basis for our belief that the rollover transaction we
recommend is in your best interests.
General Information on Compensation and Other Fees
In certain circumstances, fees, account minimums and payment terms are negotiable
depending on Client’s unique situation – such as the size of the aggregate related party
portfolio size, family holdings, low-cost basis securities, or certain passively advised investments
and pre-existing relationships with Clients. Certain Clients may pay more or less than others
depending on the amount of assets, type of portfolio, or the time involved, the degree of
responsibility assumed, complexity of the engagement, special skills needed to solve problems,
the application of experience and knowledge of the Client’s situation.
Our fees are exclusive of brokerage commissions, transaction fees, and other related costs and
expenses which shall be incurred by the Client. Clients may incur certain charges imposed by
custodians, brokers, third party investment and other third parties such as fees charged by
managers, custodial fees, deferred sales charges, odd-lot differentials, transfer taxes, wire
transfer and electronic fund fees, and other fees and taxes on brokerage accounts and
securities transactions. Mutual funds and exchange traded funds also charge internal
management fees, which are disclosed in a fund’s prospectus.
Such charges, fees and commissions are exclusive of and in addition to our fees, and we shall
not receive any portion of these commissions, fees, and costs.
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All fees paid to us for investment advisory services are separate and distinct from the fees and
expenses charged by mutual funds to their shareholders. These fees and expenses are
described in each fund’s prospectus. These fees will generally include a management fee, other
expenses, and a possible distribution fee. If the fund also imposes sales charges, a Client may
pay an initial or deferred sales charge.
A Client could invest in a mutual fund directly, without our services. In that case, the Client
would not receive our services, which are designed, among other things, to assist the Client in
determining which mutual funds are most appropriate to each Client’s financial condition and
objectives. Accordingly, the Client should review both the fees charged by the funds and the
fees charged by us to fully understand the total amount of fees to be paid by the Client and to
thereby evaluate the advisory services being provided.
Clients should note that similar advisory services may (or may not) be available from other
registered investment advisers for similar or lower fees.
Mutual Fund Share Class Selection
Similar investment management services may (or may not) be available from other investment
advisers for a lower fee. Investment management fees, which include investment management
and transaction costs, may be more or less costly than paying for the services separately,
depending upon the investment advisory fees charged, the number of transactions for the
account, the mutual fund share class you purchase and the underlying 12(b)-1 fee, and the level
of brokerage and other fees that would be payable if you obtained the services available
individually.
Client assets invested in mutual funds or ETFs will be subject to certain fees and expenses
imposed directly by such mutual funds and ETFs to their shareholders, which are described in
each fund’s prospectus. These fees will generally include, but are not limited, to a management
fee, other fund expenses, and a distribution fee (e.g., 12b-1 fees). These fees are collectively
referred to as a fund’s “expense ratio” and are deducted at the mutual-fund level when
calculating the fund’s net asset value (“NAV”). The deduction of these fees has a direct bearing
on the fund’s performance. If a mutual fund also imposes sales charges, a Client will pay initial or
deferred sales, surrender, and/or redemption charges.
In addition, certain open-end mutual funds offer multiple share classes. One share class with
higher expense ratios and sales/redemption fees and a lower minimum investment amount
(commonly referred to as “Investor Share Class” or “Class A”, “Class B”, or “Class C”) and another
share class with lower expense ratios and sales/redemption fees but a higher minimum
investment amount (commonly referred to as “Institutional Share Class”). The most beneficial
share class – Investor or Institutional – for a Client will depend on a number of different factors,
including, but not limited to, the duration and amount of a Client’s investment. Mutual fund
expense ratios and sales or redemption fees vary by mutual fund and are typically disclosed in a
mutual fund’s prospectus.
Transaction costs also factor into the overall costs when investing in mutual funds. Such costs can
be charged by the broker-dealer for both purchases and redemptions. Some custodians offer
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certain mutual fund share classes with no transaction costs while charging transaction costs for
other mutual fund share classes.
The Firm will account for the availability of different share classes and their respective
transactional costs, or lack thereof, among other factors, to ascertain the appropriateness of any
mutual fund for its Clients at all stages of their relationship with the Firm, including, but not
limited to:
• the Firm’s initial allocation involving mutual fund-related assets for a Client;
• the Firm’s changes to any allocation involving mutual fund-related assets for a Client; and
• the Firm’s review, assessment, and, if deemed appropriate, changes to a Client’s pre-existing
mutual fund-related holdings at the onset of the Client’s relationship with the Firm.
Although we believe that there will seldom be circumstances when we do not have access to
certain mutual fund share classes with overall lower costs (i.e., when a custodian does not offer
that share class or when a minimum investment amount cannot be met), the Firm will invest for
a Client in the most economical mutual fund share class that is available at the time of purchase.
Item 6: Performance-Based Fees and Side-by-Side Management
“Performance-based fees” are fees based on the capital gains or capital appreciation in an
account. We do not charge performance-based fees. “Side-by-side management” refers to the
practice of managing both accounts that are charged a performance-based fee and accounts
that are charged other types of fees, such as asset-based fees and hourly fees. Because we do
not charge performance-based fees, we do not engage in side-by-side management.
Item 7: Types of Clients
Types of Clients
We provide services to individuals, high-net-worth individuals, families, and small businesses.
Account Minimums
We have a minimum account size of $1,000,000, although we evaluate each situation
individually and reserve the right to waive or adjust this minimum, as well as decline any
potential Client, for any reason.
Item 8: Methods of Analysis, Investment Strategies and Risk of Loss
Methods of Analysis
We use the following methods of analysis in formulating our investment advice and/or
managing Client assets:
Fundamental Analysis, which attempts to measure the intrinsic value of a security by looking at
economic and financial factors (including the overall economy, industry conditions, and the
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financial condition and management of the company itself) to determine if the company is
underpriced (indicating it may be a good time to buy) or overpriced (indicating it may be time
to sell).
Fundamental analysis does not attempt to anticipate market movements. This presents a
potential risk, as the price of a security can move up or down along with the overall market
regardless of the economic and financial factors considered in evaluating the stock.
Investment Strategies
Our investment strategies and advice may vary depending upon each Client's specific financial
situation. As such, we determine investments and allocations based upon your predefined
objectives, risk tolerance, time horizon, financial information, liquidity needs and other various
suitability factors. Your restrictions and guidelines may affect the composition of your portfolio.
It is important that you notify us immediately with respect to any material changes to your
financial circumstances, including for example, a change in your current or expected income
level, tax circumstances, or employment status. We provide no assurances that these strategies
will ultimately meet Client objectives.
Risk of Loss
Investing in securities involves risk of loss that Clients should be prepared to bear, including the
potential for complete loss of invested capital.
All investments involve the risk of loss, including (among other things) loss of principal, a
reduction in earnings (including interest, dividends and other distributions), and the loss of
future earnings. Although we manage assets in a manner consistent with your investment
objectives and risk tolerance, there can be no guarantee that our efforts will be successful.
You should be prepared to bear the following risks of loss:
Interest rate Risk: Fluctuations in interest rates may cause investment prices to
fluctuate. For example, when interest rates rise, yields on existing bonds become less
attractive, causing their market values to decline.
Market Risk: The price of a security, bond, or mutual fund may drop in reaction to
tangible and intangible events and conditions. This type of risk is caused by external
factors independent of a security’s particular underlying circumstances. For example,
political, economic and social conditions may trigger market events.
Inflation Risk: When any type of inflation is present, a dollar next year will not buy as
much as a dollar today, because purchasing power is eroding at the rate of inflation.
Currency Risk: Overseas investments are subject to fluctuations in the value of the
dollar against the currency of the investment’s originating country. This is also referred
to as exchange rate risk.
Reinvestment Risk: This is the risk that future proceeds from investments may have to
be reinvested at a potentially lower rate of return (i.e., interest rate). This primarily
relates to fixed income securities.
Prepayment Risk: Some types of bonds are subject to prepayment risk. Similar to call
risk, prepayment risk is the risk that the issuer of a security will repay principal prior to
the bond’s maturity date, thereby changing the expected payment schedule of the
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bonds. Prepayment risk is particularly prevalent in the mortgage-backed bond market,
where a drop in interest rates can trigger a refinancing wave. When investors in a
bond comprised of the underlying pool of mortgages receive their principal back
sooner than expected, they may be forced to reinvest at prevailing, lower rates.
Business Risk: These risks are associated with a particular industry or a particular
company within an industry. For example, oil-drilling companies depend on finding oil
and then refining it, a lengthy process, before they can generate a profit. They carry a
higher risk of profitability than an electric company, which generates its income from a
steady stream of customers who buy electricity no matter what the economic
environment is like.
Liquidity Risk: Liquidity is the ability to readily convert an investment into cash.
Generally, assets are more liquid if many traders are interested in a standardized
product. For example, Treasury Bills are highly liquid, while real estate properties (i.e.,
non-traded REITs and other alternative investments) are not.
Financial Risk: Excessive borrowing to finance a business’ operations increases the risk
of profitability, because the company must meet the terms of its obligations in good
times and bad. During periods of financial stress, the inability to meet loan obligations
may result in bankruptcy and/or a declining market value.
Cybersecurity Risk: With the use of technology to conduct business, a portfolio is
subject to operational, information security and related risks. Cyber incidents can
result from deliberate attacks or unintentional events, including but not limited to
unauthorized access to systems leading to misappropriated confidential data,
corrupted data, or operational disruption. A breach in cyber security may cause an
account to lose proprietary information, suffer data corruption, or lose operational
capacity. This in turn could cause an account to incur regulatory penalties,
reputational damage, and additional compliance costs associated with corrective
measures, and/or financial loss.
Political and Legislative Risk: Companies face a complex set of laws and
circumstances in each country in which they operate. The political and legal
environment can change rapidly and without warning, with significant impact,
especially for companies operating outside of the U.S. or those companies who
conduct a substantial amount of their business outside of the U.S.
War and Geopolitical Conflict Risk: Investment strategies may be subject to
significant geopolitical risks that can arise from conflicts between nations or within
regions. One such example is the ongoing conflict between Israel and Gaza. This
conflict has led to periodic escalations in violence, resulting in economic sanctions,
military actions, and disruptions to normal economic activities in the region. The
volatility and unpredictability associated with this conflict may have a direct or
indirect impact on the performance of certain investments. Investments with
exposure to the Middle East region, including but not limited to, equities of
companies operating within or closely with Israel or Gaza, fixed-income securities
issued by governments or corporations in this area, or commodities that are sourced
from the region, may be particularly susceptible to loss. The conflict can affect market
prices, currency values, and the overall economic stability of the region. It may also
influence global market sentiment, causing broader market fluctuations.
Pandemic Risk: Large-scale outbreaks of infectious disease can greatly increase
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morbidity and mortality over a wide geographic area, crossing international boundaries,
and causing significant economic, social, and political disruption.
Custodial Risk: This risk is the probability that a party to a transaction will be unable or
unwilling to fulfill its contractual obligations either due to technological errors, control
failures, malfeasance, or potential regulatory liabilities.
Risks of Rolling Over Assets From a Retirement Plan to an IRA
The Firm may, in appropriate circumstances when determined to be in the Client’s best
interest, make a recommendation to a Client to rollover assets from a retirement plan to an
IRA managed by the Firm. Once a Client completes a rollover from an employer sponsored
retirement plan (like a 401(k)) into an IRA (or another plan), that transfer cannot be undone or
reversed. Accordingly, it is imperative that the Client appreciates and carefully considers the
benefits of its existing retirement plan as compared to an IRA, such as the Firm may
recommend the Client to consider. A plan participant leaving an employer plan typically has
four options (and may be able to engage in a combination of these options):
• leave the money in their former employer's plan, if permitted under the plan;
• roll over the assets to their new employer's plan, if one is available and rollovers are
permitted;
• roll over some assets, if permitted under the plan, or rollover all of the assets to an IRA;
or
• cash out the account value.
Each choice offers advantages and disadvantages, depending on desired investment options
and services, fees and expenses, withdrawal options, required minimum distributions, tax
treatment, and the Client's unique financial needs and retirement plans, which the Firm will
assist the Client in evaluating in making a recommendation to rollover.
Determining whether to roll over plan assets to an IRA rather than keeping assets in an
employer’s retirement plan considers various factors, the importance of which will depend on
a Client’s individual needs and circumstances. Factors the Firm considers, as part of its
analysis, include:
Investment Options—An IRA often enables a Client to select from a broader range of
investment options than a plan. The importance of this factor will depend in part on how
satisfied the Client is with the options available under the plan under consideration. For
example, a Client who is satisfied by the low-cost institutional funds available in some plans
may not regard an IRA's broader array of investments as an important factor.
Fees and Expenses—Both plans and IRAs typically involve (i) investment-related expenses and
(ii) plan or account fees, respectively. Investment-related expenses may include sales loads,
commissions, the expenses of any mutual funds in which assets are invested and investment
advisory fees. Plan fees typically include plan administrative fees (e.g., recordkeeping,
compliance, trustee fees) and fees for services such as access to a customer service
representative. In some cases, employers pay for some or all of the plan's administrative
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expenses. An IRA's account fees may include, for example, administrative, account set-up and
custodial fees, for which the Client is responsible.
Services—A Client may wish to consider the different levels of service available under each
option. Some plans, for example, provide access to investment advice, planning tools,
telephone help lines, educational materials and workshops. Similarly, IRA providers offer
different levels of service, which may include full brokerage service, investment advice,
distribution planning and access to securities execution online.
Penalty-Free Withdrawals—If an employee leaves their job between age 55 and 59½, they
may be able to take penalty-free withdrawals from a plan. In contrast, penalty-free
withdrawals generally may not be made from an IRA until age 59½. It also may be easier to
borrow from a plan.
Protection from Creditors and Legal Judgments—Generally speaking, plan assets have
unlimited protection from creditors under federal law, while IRA assets are protected in
bankruptcy proceedings only. State laws vary in the protection of IRA assets in lawsuits.
Required Minimum Distributions—Once an individual reaches a specific age (depending on
the Client’s date of birth), the rules for both plans and IRAs require the periodic withdrawal of
certain minimum amounts, known as the required minimum distribution. If a person is still
working past a certain age, however, they generally are not required to make required
minimum distributions from his current employer's plan. This may be advantageous for those
who plan to work into their 70s.
Employer Stock—A Client who holds significantly appreciated employer stock in a plan should
consider the negative tax consequences of rolling the stock to an IRA. If employer stock is
transferred in-kind to an IRA, stock appreciation will be taxed as ordinary income upon
distribution. The tax advantages of retaining employer stock in a non-qualified account should
be balanced with the possibility that the Client may be excessively concentrated in employer
stock. It can be risky to have too much employer stock in one's retirement account; for some
Clients, it may be advisable to liquidate the holdings and roll over the value to an IRA, even if it
means losing long-term capital gains treatment on the stock's appreciation.
These are examples of the factors that may be relevant when analyzing available options, and
the list is not exhaustive. Other considerations also might apply to your specific circumstances.
The Firm will assist you in making a determination whether to roll over assets from a retirement plan. If it
is determined that rolling over retirement assets from an employer plan to an IRA is in the Client’s best
interest, the Firm will earn an asset-based fee as a result, but no compensation if assets are retained in
the plan. Thus, the Firm, and indirectly its IARs, has an economic incentive to encourage a Client to roll
over plan assets into an IRA that the Firm will manage.
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Item 9: Disciplinary Information
We are required to disclose all pertinent facts regarding any legal, regulatory or disciplinary
events that would be material to your evaluation of the Firm or the integrity of our
management.
On September 4, 2025, a consent order was entered by the U.S. Securities and Exchange
Commission against the Firm, on a no-admit, no-deny basis, to resolve allegations that our
website inaccurately denied that we had any conflicts of interest, inconsistent with contrary
disclosures included in our Form ADV Part 2A brochure, and further alleged that we failed to
maintain copies of all advertisements included on our website, for required periods (“SEC
Order”). In addition, the SEC Order alleges that we failed to implement our policies and
procedures concerning reliance on third parties for recordkeeping, and for conducting an
annual compliance review of our compliance policies and procedures which, according to the
SEC Order, was not performed. The SEC Order alleged that we thereby violated Sections
204(a) and 206(4) of the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 and Rules 204-2(a)(11), 206(4)-1(a),
and 206(4)-7 thereunder. The SEC Order directed us to cease and desist from further
violations, pay a $75,000 civil penalty, and to engage in certain undertakings designed to
correct the alleged compliance deficiencies, and imposed a censure.
The summary above is not intended to be a complete description of the SEC Order. The
summary is qualified in its entirety by reference to the full SEC Order, which is publicly
available at https://www.sec.gov/files/litigation/admin/2025/ia-6916.pdf.
We regret the inadvertent circumstances that led to the SEC Order, which did not reflect our
values and dedication to our Clients. In response, we substantially upgraded our compliance
program, including by engaging a new Chief Compliance Officer and outside compliance firm,
and by improving our recordkeeping systems.
Item 10: Other Financial Industry Activities and Affiliations
Financial Industry Activities
None of our investment advisor representatives are registered with a broker-dealer or a
futures commissions merchant, commodity pool operator, or a commodity trading advisor.
Item 11: Code of Ethics, Participation or Interest in Client
Transactions and Personal Trading
Code of Ethics
We have adopted a Code of Ethics and Statement for Insider Trading (the “Code”) in
compliance with Rule 204A-1 of the Investment Advisers Act of 1940. The Code establishes
standards of conduct for our supervised and access persons, and its key provisions include:
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Statement of General Principles
Policy on and reporting of Personal Securities Transactions
A prohibition on Insider Trading
Restrictions on the acceptance of significant gifts
Procedures to detect and deter misconduct and violations
Conflicts of interest
Fiduciary duty
Requirement to maintain confidentiality of Client information
The Code also requires supervised persons to report any violations of the Code promptly to
the CCO. Our supervised persons must acknowledge the terms of the Code at least annually,
and any employee not in compliance with the Code may be subject to disciplinary action, up to
and including termination of association with the Firm. We will provide a copy of our Code upon
request.
Participation or Interest in Client Transactions – Personal Securities Transactions
Both the Firm and our supervised persons may buy or sell securities identical to those
recommended to Clients for their personal accounts. The Code, described above, is designed to
assure that the personal securities transactions, activities and interests of the supervised
persons of the Firm will not interfere with (i) making decisions in the best interest of Clients
and (ii) implementing such decisions while, at the same time, allowing supervised persons to
invest for their own accounts. Under the Code, certain classes of securities, primarily mutual
funds, have been designated as exempt transactions, based upon a determination that these
would materially not interfere with the best interest of our Clients. Nonetheless, because the
Code in some circumstances would permit supervised persons to invest in the same securities
as Clients, there is a possibility that supervised persons might benefit from market activity by a
Client in a security held by an employee. The Firm may maintain a list of restricted securities
that supervised persons may not purchase or sell based upon having (or possibly having) access
to inside information. The policy governing employee trading is reasonably designed to prevent
conflicts of interest between the Firm and our Clients.
Participation or Interest in Client Transactions and Principal/Agency Cross Trades
We do not recommend any securities to our Clients in which we have a material financial
interest. We do not affect any principal or agency cross securities transactions for Client
accounts. We also do not cross trades between Client accounts.
Item 12: Brokerage Practices
The following summarizes the material aspects of our brokerage practices:
Research and Other Soft Dollar Benefits
We have no written or verbal arrangements whereby we receive soft dollars.
Brokerage for Client Referrals
We do not receive Client referrals from broker-dealers.
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Client Directed Brokerage
We do not allow directed brokerage accounts.
Custodians
We generally recommend Charles Schwab & Co., Inc., a member of FINRA/SIPC, and
independent and unaffiliated broker-dealer (“Broker-Dealers”) as custodians for our Clients.
These broker-dealers provide us with access to their institutional trading and custody services,
which are typically not available to retail investors. These services generally are available to
independent investment advisors on an unsolicited basis and are not otherwise contingent
upon our commitment to the custodian for any specific amount of business (assets in custody
or trading). Each custodian’s services include the execution of securities transactions, custody,
research, and access to mutual funds and other investments that are otherwise generally
available only to institutional investors or would require a significantly higher minimum initial
investment.
For our Client accounts maintained there, each custodian is compensated through
commissions or other transaction-related fees for securities trades that are executed through
the custodian or that settle into the custodians’ accounts. The brokerage commissions and/or
transaction fees charged by the custodians are exclusive of and in addition to our fees.
Best Execution
We periodically evaluate the fees charged by the custodians to our Clients and the services
provided by the custodians to evaluate whether overall best execution could be achieved by
using alternative custodians. We also look at these other factors when evaluating our
custodians:
Ability to trade mutual funds and other investments that we determine are suitable for
a Client’s portfolio;
Any existing custodial relationship between the Client and the custodian;
Quality of customer service and interaction with the Firm;
Discount transaction rates; and
Reliability and financial stability of the custodian.
Directed Brokerage – Other Economic Benefits
We may receive from custodians, at no cost to us, professional services, computer software
and related systems support, enabling us to better monitor Client accounts maintained at the
broker-dealer. We may receive this support without cost because of the portfolio management
services rendered to Clients that maintain assets at the custodian. The support provided may
benefit us, but not our Clients directly. In fulfilling our duties to our Clients, we endeavor at all
times to put the interests of our Clients first. Clients should be aware, however, that our receipt
of economic benefits from a custodian may create a conflict of interest since these benefits
may influence our choice of custodian over another custodian that does not furnish similar
services, software and systems support. We mitigate these conflicts of interest by conducting
periodic analyses to determine, among other things, pricing and execution quality for our
Clients.
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A Client may pay a commission that is higher than another qualified custodian might charge to
effect the same transaction where we determine, in good faith, that the commission is
reasonable in relation to the value of the brokerage and research services received. In seeking
best execution, the determinative factor is not the lowest possible cost, but whether the
transaction represents the best qualitative execution, taking into consideration the full range of
a custodian’s services, including among others, the value of research provided, execution
capability, commission rates, and responsiveness. Consistent with the foregoing, while we will
seek competitive rates, we may not necessarily obtain the lowest possible commission rates
for Client transactions.
Custodians also make available to us other products and services that benefit us but may not
directly benefit our Clients’ accounts. Many of these products and services may be used to
service all or some substantial number of our accounts, including accounts not maintained at
the custodian.
The custodians’ products and services that assist us in managing and administering Clients’
accounts include software and other technology that (i) provide access to Client account data
(such as trade confirmations and account statements); (ii) facilitate trade execution and
allocate aggregated trade orders for multiple Client accounts; (iii) provide research, pricing and
other market data; (iv) facilitate payment of our fees from our Clients’ accounts; and (v) assist
with back-office functions, recordkeeping and Client reporting.
Trade Aggregation
We do aggregate and execute block trades for Clients. Trade aggregation is the act of trading a
large block of a security in a single order. Shares of a purchased security are allocated prior to
execution to the appropriate accounts in the appropriate proportion. The main purposes of
order aggregation are (i) for ease of trading and (ii) to obtain a lower transaction cost associated
with trading a larger quantity.
As a result, Clients purchasing securities around the same time may receive a less favorable
price than other Clients. In addition, not aggregating trades may result in higher transaction
costs, as a Client will not benefit from lower transaction costs which might be achieved if the
trade was aggregated.
Item 13: Review of Accounts
Reviews
We monitor Client portfolios as part of an ongoing process, and regular account reviews are
generally conducted no less than annually. Reviews can also occur at the time of new deposits,
material changes in the Client’s financial information, changes in economic cycles, at our
discretion or as often as the Client directs. Reviews can include analyzing securities, sensitivity
to overall markets, economic changes, investment results, issuer-specific events, asset
allocation, etc., to determine whether the investment strategy and expectations are structured
to continue to meet the Client’s objectives. These reviews are conducted by one of our
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Investment Advisor Representatives.
Clients are encouraged to discuss their needs, goals, and objectives with us and to notify us
promptly of any changes that might affect the Client’s investment needs, objectives, risk
tolerance, financial profile, or time horizon.
Reporting
Custodian account statements are automatically generated by the custodian no less than
quarterly and are sent directly from the account custodian to the Client. The account
statement reports the account positions, activity in the account over the covered period, and
other related information, including all additions and withdraws from the account. Clients also
receive confirmations following each account transaction unless receipt of confirmations has
been waived. These reports are provided in written form sent from the custodian to the Client
and are also available upon request.
In addition to the regular statements Clients receive from their custodian, we may provide
detailed reports concerning relevant account and/or market-related information. Our reports
are provided on at least an annual basis and are based on information received from the
custodian or, in some instances, from the Client or the Client’s other agents.
We do not independently verify the accuracy of such reported information received from the
custodian and/or Client. Clients are urged to compare the statements received from the Firm
to those received from the account custodian.
Financial Planning – Reviews and Reporting
The initial financial plan is included as a component of our planning and management service.
We will update your plan as appropriate as we are made aware of changes to your financial
situation for no additional fee.
Item 14: Client Referrals and Other Compensation
Other Compensation – Brokerage Arrangements
See disclosure in Item 12 regarding compensation, including economic benefits received in
connection with giving advice to Clients.
Compensation – Client Referrals
We do not compensate referring parties for any Client referrals.
Item 15: Custody
Generally, the Firm recommends Schwab for custodial services but will accept other custodians
for custody of Client assets.
Client acknowledges that we are only deemed to have custody of Client assets for the sole
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purpose of debiting advisory fees. The Firm does not otherwise have authority (directly or
indirectly) to obtain possession of Client funds or securities for any other purpose and will have
limited liability to Clients for any loss or other harm to any property in the account, including any
harm to any property in the account resulting from the insolvency of the custodian or any acts of
the agents or employees of the custodian and whether or not the full amount or such loss is
covered by the Securities Investor Protection Corporation (“SIPC”) or any other insurance which
may be carried by the custodian. Clients understand that SIPC provides only limited protection
for any loss of property held by a broker-dealer.
Notably, in most cases a Client’s broker-dealer also acts as the custodian of the Client’s assets for
little or no extra cost. Clients should be aware, however, of the differences between having their
assets held at a broker-dealer versus at a bank or trust company. Some of these differences
include, but are not limited to, custodian costs, trading issues, security of assets, Client reporting
and technology, and the difference in the Securities Investor Protection Corporation (“SIPC”)
protection that protects against certain types of loss of cash and securities at a financially
troubled SIPC-member broker-dealer versus the protection for cash at a Federal Deposit
Insurance Corporation (FDIC) insured banking institution, to the extent provided for under the
SIPC or FDIC coverage rules. It is a Client’s responsibility to monitor their total deposits to
determine the extent of their SIPC or FDIC insurance coverage available to them, and MFA does
not conduct that monitoring for Clients.
Item 16: Investment Discretion
We accept limited power of attorney to act on a discretionary basis on behalf of Clients. A
limited power of attorney allows us to execute trades on behalf of Clients. When such limited
powers exist between the Firm and the Client, we have the authority to determine, without
obtaining specific Client consent, both the quantity and type of securities to be bought to
satisfy Client account objectives.
This discretion is to be exercised in a manner consistent with each Client’s investment
objectives, risk tolerance, financial profile, and time horizon. In addition, our authority to trade
securities can be limited in certain circumstances by applicable legal and regulatory
requirements, as well as our compliance policies and procedures. Clients are permitted to
impose reasonable limitations on our discretionary authority, including restrictions on
investing in certain securities or types of securities. All limitations, restrictions, and investment
guidelines must be provided to and accepted by us in writing.
We do not accept non-discretionary accounts.
Item 17: Voting Client Securities
We do not have any authority to and do not vote proxies on behalf of Clients, nor do we make
any express or implied recommendation with respect to voting proxies. Clients retain the sole
responsibility for receiving and voting proxies that they receive directly from either their
custodian or transfer agents.
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Item 18: Financial Information
We have no financial commitments that impair our ability to meet contractual and fiduciary
commitments to Clients, and we have not been the subject of a bankruptcy proceeding.
We do not require prepayment of fees of both more than $1,200 per Client, and more than six
months in advance; and therefore, we are not required to provide a balance sheet to Clients.
We have never been the subject of a bankruptcy petition.
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