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MIDWEST FINANCIAL NETWORK FORM ADV PART 2A - 20260214
Midwest Financial Network, LLC (CRD 302095), brochure dated October 9, 2026. Text extracted from the firm's SEC Form ADV Part 2 brochure.
View firm on SEC ↗ · Current Form ADV (PDF) ↗
Item 1 - Cover Page
Midwest Financial Network, LLC
Registered Investment Adviser
CRD # 302095
Midwest Financial Network, LLC
17244 Oak Park Avenue
Tinley Park, IL 60477
Tel: 708-670-3083
Fax: 708-310-4275
midwfinancial.com
Form ADV Part 2A
Firm Brochure
October 9th, 2026
This firm brochure provides information about the qualifications and business practices of Midwest Financial
Network, LLC. Please contact Raymond Kozicki, Partner and Chief Compliance Officer, at 708-670-3083 if you
have any questions about the content of this brochure.
The information in this brochure has not been approved or verified by the United States Securities and
Exchange Commission (SEC) or any state securities administrator. Additional information about Midwest
Financial Network, LLC is available on the SEC’s website at www.adviserinfo.sec.gov. Click on the
“Investment Adviser Search” link and then search for “Investment Adviser Firm” using the firm’s IARD
(“CRD”) number, which is 302095.
While the firm and its associates may be registered and/or licensed within a particular jurisdiction, that
registration and/or licensing does not imply an endorsement by any regulatory authority, nor does it imply a
certain level of skill or training on the part of the firm or its associated personnel.
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Item 2 – Material Changes
The firm has amended its Form ADV Part 2A firm brochure from the previous version dated February 14, 2026.
The principal changes include:
• Preferred Custodians. The firm has added Altruist Financial LLC as a preferred custodian in addition to
•
•
Interactive Brokers LLC and has updated its brokerage, best execution, and conflict-of-interest
disclosures to address its relationships with its preferred custodians.
Interactive Brokers Fee Calculation. The firm has added disclosure explaining that advisory fees for
accounts maintained at Interactive Brokers are calculated separately for each account and are not
aggregated for purposes of determining the applicable advisory fee tier. As a result, clients with
multiple related Interactive Brokers accounts may pay higher aggregate advisory fees than if those
accounts were combined for fee-calculation purposes.
Insurance Affiliation. The firm has identified MFN Insurance Division, LLC as an affiliated insurance
agency through which insurance products may be offered to advisory clients and has updated related
disclosures concerning insurance compensation and the conflicts of interest associated with the receipt
of insurance commissions.
• Types of Clients. The firm has added pension and profit-sharing plans to the types of clients to which it
provides advisory services.
• Buffered ETFs. The firm has added risk disclosure regarding ETFs that use options strategies to provide
a stated downside buffer in exchange for a cap on potential gains, including risks associated with losses
beyond the buffer, the timing of purchases and sales during an outcome period, derivatives, liquidity,
valuation, and higher expenses.
• Mutual Fund Share Classes. The firm has added disclosure regarding limitations on mutual fund share-
class conversions at Interactive Brokers. Certain positions may remain in higher-cost share classes, and
obtaining a lower-cost share class may require the sale and repurchase of the investment, which may
result in taxable gains and transaction costs.
• Outsourced Portfolio Management. The firm has removed its prior disclosures regarding outsourced
portfolio management services provided to other investment advisers and the related asset-based fee.
The firm has also made certain conforming, clarifying, and non-material revisions throughout the brochure.
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Item 3 - Table of Contents
Item 1 - Cover Page ............................................................................................................................................ 1
Item 2 - Material Changes .................................................................................................................................. 2
Item 3 - Table of Contents .................................................................................................................................. 3
Item 4 - Advisory Business ................................................................................................................................. 4
Item 5 - Fees and Compensation ....................................................................................................................... 9
Item 6 - Performance-Based Fees and Side-By-Side Management .................................................................. 12
Item 7 - Types of Clients ................................................................................................................................... 12
Item 8 - Methods of Analysis, Investment Strategies and Risk of Loss ............................................................ 12
Item 9 - Disciplinary Information ..................................................................................................................... 16
Item 10 - Other Financial Industry Activities and Affiliations ........................................................................... 16
Item 11 - Code of Ethics, Participation or Interest in Client Transactions and Personal Trading ..................... 17
Item 12 - Brokerage Practices .......................................................................................................................... 18
Item 13 - Review of Accounts .......................................................................................................................... 211
Item 14 - Client Referrals and Other Compensation ....................................................................................... 222
Item 15 - Custody ............................................................................................................................................. 22
Item 16 - Investment Discretion ....................................................................................................................... 23
Item 17 - Voting Client Securities ..................................................................................................................... 24
Item 18 - Financial Information ........................................................................................................................ 24
Throughout this document Midwest Financial Network, LLC may be referred to as “the firm,” “firm,” “our,”
“we” or “us.” The client or prospective client may be also referred to as “the client,” “client,” etc., and refers
to a client engagement involving a single person as well as two or more persons and may refer to natural
persons and legal entities. The term “advisor” and “adviser” are used interchangeably where accuracy in
identification is necessary (i.e., internet address, etc.).
Our firm maintains a business continuity and succession contingency plan that is integrated within the
organization to ensure it appropriately responds to events that pose a significant disruption to its
operations. A statement concerning the current plan is available under separate cover.
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Item 4 - Advisory Business
Description of Firm
Midwest Financial Network, LLC is an Illinois Limited Liability Company formed in 2019. The firm’s original
registration as an investment adviser occurred in 2019 with the State of Illinois, followed by the SEC during
2024. Midwest Financial Network, LLC is notice-filed in Illinois, Indiana and Iowa, and the firm and its
personnel are exempt from notice filing or registration in other jurisdictions where our investment advisory
business activities are conducted.1
Raymond J. Kozicki, MRFC is Managing Member of and Partner in the firm, and he also serves as Portfolio
Manager and Chief Compliance Officer (supervisor). Ryan E. Biniak, MRFC is a firm Partner who also serves
as Assistant Portfolio Manager and Operations Manager. Mr. Kozicki and Mr. Biniak control all shares in the
firm. Additional background information about Raymond Kozicki and Ryan Biniak can be found in their
accompanying Form ADV Part 2B brochure supplement.
Both Partners have insurance industry relationships that are further discussed in Items 5 and 10 of this firm
brochure.
Description of Services
Our planning services provide clients with advice on key topics such as cash flow and budgeting, funding a
college education, retirement, and risk management, estate or tax planning, among others. We provide
periodic educational workshops involving a broad range of planning and investing topics. Ongoing
supervision of clients’ accounts is provided through our portfolio management services, and we offer
retirement plan services to employer groups.
During or prior to your first meeting you will be provided with a current Form ADV Part 3 (Form CRS) and
Part 2A firm brochure, as well as our privacy policy statement. In addition, our firm will ensure we have
disclosed any material conflicts of interest that could be reasonably expected to impair the rendering of
unbiased and objective advice.
If you wish to engage our firm for its services, we must first sign an engagement agreement. Thereafter
further discussion and analysis will be conducted to determine financial needs, goals, holdings, etc.
Depending on the scope of the engagement, you may be asked to provide copies of the following
documents early in the process:
• wills, codicils, and trusts
• insurance policies, including information about riders, loans and amendments
• mortgage information
• tax returns
• student loans
• divorce decree or separation agreement
• current financial specifics including W-2s, 1099s, K-1 statements, etc.
• information on current retirement plans and other benefits provided by an employer
• statements reflecting current investments in retirement and non-retirement accounts
• employment or other business agreements, and
1 State jurisdictions where a firm is currently notice filed, can be determined via the SEC’s website at www.adviserinfo.sec.gov.
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• completed risk profile questionnaires or other forms provided by our firm.
It is important that we are provided with an adequate level of information and supporting documentation
throughout the term of the engagement including but not limited to source of funds, income levels, and an
account holder or attorney-in-fact’s authority to act on behalf of the account, among other information that
may be necessary for our services. The information and/or financial statements provided to us need to be
accurate. Our firm may, but is not obligated to, verify the information that has been provided to us which
will then be used in the advisory process.
Financial Planning
Our clients can choose a financial plan that is either broad-based or modular in nature. Broad-based
planning (sometimes termed comprehensive planning) considers your overall financial situation to identify
various goals and develop strategies to allow you to work towards accomplishing that goal(s). An in-depth
analysis will be conducted using information you provide to create a framework for identifying and focusing
on your goals and objectives.
We will also provide a modular financial plan (limited planning) where only one goal or objective is to be
viewed, analyzed and discussed, based on what our client feels are more pressing at the present time, such
as planning for a child’s education or reviewing an investment allocation at an employer-sponsored plan.
The scope of this engagement would focus on that specific area while not necessarily considering your
overall financial situation.
If several or all the services described are provided together, the total time needed to complete these
services may be less than the time it would take to complete each service separately because of the
efficiency gained by combining more than one service.
Cash Flow Analysis and Debt Management
A review of your income and expenses will be conducted to determine your current surplus or deficit. Based
upon the results, we will provide advice on prioritizing how any surplus should be used, or how to reduce
expenses if they exceed your income. In addition, advice on the prioritization of which debts to repay may
be provided, based upon such factors as the debt’s interest rate and any income tax ramifications.
Recommendations may also be made regarding the appropriate level of cash reserves for emergencies and
other financial goals. These recommendations are based upon a review of cash accounts (such as money
market funds) for such reserves and may include strategies to save desired reserve amounts.
Risk Management
A risk management review includes an analysis of your exposure to major risks that could have a significant
adverse impact on your financial picture, such as premature death, disability, property and casualty losses,
or the need for long-term care planning. Advice may be provided on ways to minimize such risks and about
weighing the costs of purchasing insurance versus the benefits of doing so and, likewise, the potential cost
of not purchasing insurance (“self-insuring”).
Retirement Planning
Retirement planning services typically include projections of your likelihood of achieving your financial goals,
with financial independence usually the primary objective. For situations where projections show less than
the desired results, a recommendation may include showing you the impact on those projections by making
changes in certain variables (i.e., working longer, saving more, spending less, taking more risk with
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investments). If you are near retirement or already retired, advice may be given on appropriate distribution
strategies to minimize the likelihood of running out of money or having to adversely alter spending during
your retirement years.
Education Planning
Advice involving funding an education may include projecting the amount that will be needed to achieve
post-secondary goals, along with savings strategies and the “pros-and-cons” of various college savings
vehicles that are available. We are also available to review your financial picture as it relates to eligibility for
financial aid or ways to contribute to family members’ educations.
Tax Planning Strategies
Advice may include ways to minimize current and future income taxes as a part of your overall financial
planning picture. For example, recommendations may be offered as to which type of account(s) or specific
investments should be owned based in part on their “tax efficiency,” with consideration that there is always
a possibility of future changes to federal, state or local tax laws and rates that may impact your situation.
Our firm does not provide accounting or tax preparation services, and we recommend that you also consult
with your accountant or tax attorney. Contact information for an accountant or an attorney is available if
you do not have one on retainer.
Employee Benefits
A review is conducted, and analysis is made as to whether you, as an employee, are taking maximum
advantage of your employee benefits. We will also offer advice on your employer-sponsored retirement
plan and/or stock options, along with other benefits that may be available to you.
Social Security Strategies
A review of client’s Social Security statements will be conducted, and an analysis completed, to optimize
Social Security income as it relates to the client’s goals. The client will be briefed regarding various Social
Security income options available, and a subsequent recommendation will be made in accordance with their
financial plan.
Estate Planning and Charitable Giving
Our review typically includes an analysis of your exposure to estate taxes and your current estate plan,
which may include whether you have a will, powers of attorney, trusts and other related documents. We
may assess ways to minimize or avoid estate taxes by implementing appropriate estate planning and
charitable giving strategies. We are not a law firm, and we encourage you to consult with an experienced
attorney when you initiate, update, or complete estate planning activities, and may provide you with
contact information for attorneys who specialize in estate planning. We will participate in meetings or
phone calls between you and your attorney with prior approval.
Investment Consultation
Investment consultation services often involve providing information on the types of investment vehicles
available, employee retirement plans and/or stock options, investment analysis and strategies, asset
selection and portfolio design, as well as limited assistance if your investment account is maintained at
another broker/dealer or custodian. The strategies and types of investments that may be recommended are
further discussed in Item 8 of this brochure.
Divorce Planning
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Separation or divorce can have a major impact on your goals and plans. We will work with you to help you
gain an understanding of your unique situation and provide you with a realistic financial picture so that you
are in a better situation to communicate with legal counsel, a mediator or soon to be your ex-spouse.
We can assist in the completion of cash flow and net worth projections, budgetary analysis, as well as help
you to understand the financial consequences involving a settlement.
Special Needs Planning
For those households with a special needs family member, we will assist in determining how to save for the
needed extra money, navigate government systems to pay for therapies and education, assist in assessing
the need for life insurance for longer periods, identifying savings strategies that might jeopardize a special
needs family member’s opportunities to receive government benefits, as well as using planning tools that
might include (or avoid) tax-sensitive ABLE savings accounts, as well as consideration of special-needs trusts.
Business Consultation
We are available to assist businesses in a variety of ways, including budgeting and forecasting, strategy,
concepts to retain key personnel, as well as coordination with financial institutions, corporate attorneys or
accounting firms.
Broad-Based v. Modular Financial Planning
A range of variables can affect the development of a plan, such as the quality of your own records,
complexity and number of current investments, diversity of insurance products and employee benefits you
currently hold, size of the potential estate, and special needs of the client or their dependents, among
others. You will have the ability to determine if you would like a broad-based planning approach or only
concentrate on reviewing only a specific area (modular planning), such as an employer retirement plan
allocation, funding an education or estate planning issues, or evaluating the sufficiency of your current
retirement plan. Note that when these services focus only on certain areas of your interest or need, your
overall situation or needs may not be fully addressed due to limitations you may have established. Whether
we have created a broad-based or modular plan, we will present you with a summary of our
recommendations, guide you in the implementation of some or all of them per your decision, as well as
offer you periodic reviews thereafter. In all instances involving our financial planning engagements, our
clients retain full discretion over all implementation decisions and are free to accept or reject any
recommendation we make.
Educational Workshops
We provide periodic educational seminar sessions involving personal finance and investing. Topics may
include issues related to general financial planning, educational funding, estate planning, retirement
strategies, implications involving changes in marital status, and various other current economic or
investment topics.
Portfolio Management Services
Depending on your risk profile, goals and needs, among other considerations, your portfolio will involve the
employment of one of our investment strategies as well as either a broad range or more narrowly focused
choice of investment vehicles which are further discussed in Item 8 of this brochure. We do not sponsor or serve
as a portfolio manager for an investment program involving wrapped (bundled) fees.
We will prepare written investment guidelines reflecting your objectives, time horizon, tolerance for risk, as
well as any reasonable account constraints you may have for the portfolio. For example, you have the right
to exclude certain securities (e.g., options, stocks, etc.) at your discretion. These guidelines will be designed
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to be specific enough to provide future guidance while allowing flexibility to work with changing market
conditions. We will then develop a customized portfolio for you based on your unique situation, investment
goals and tolerance for risk. We manage your portfolio on a discretionary or nondiscretionary basis (defined
in Item 16). We want to note that it will remain your responsibility to promptly notify us if there is any
change in your financial situation and/or investment objectives for the purpose of our reviewing, evaluating
or revising previous account restrictions or firm investment recommendations.
Retirement Plan Services
Our firm is available to assist retirement plan sponsors in understanding the scope of their duties and
responsibilities, aid in defining their investment options, and provide general advice and support during
retirement plan group enrollment. We provide our plan services per § 3(21) of the Employee Retirement
Income Security Act of 1974 (ERISA). We do not serve as plan adviser pursuant to ERISA § 3(38), investment
manager or plan administrator. Investment selection and rebalancing will be accomplished by plan
participants on a self-directed basis.
Retirement Plan Advice and Rollovers
As a registered investment adviser, our firm is a fiduciary to every client, thus we are obligated to always act
in our clients’ best interest. In addition to our fiduciary status as an investment advisory firm, when our firm
provides advice to retirement investors, such as advice about an employer-sponsored retirement plan,
individual retirement account (IRA) or other qualified retirement plan, we may also be considered by the US
Department of Labor and the Internal Revenue Service to be acting as a fiduciary under Title I of Employee
Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 (ERISA) and the Internal Revenue Code. These fiduciary obligations
include requirements that we disclose our services and fees, conflicts of interest, and the reasons our
recommendations are in the client’s best interests.2 After an analysis of the client’s situation and their
retirement plan documents, we will consider relevant factors including but not limited to the following:
• alternatives to rolling the employer plan to an IRA, including leaving the money in an employer’s
retirement plan (if permitted); rolling the money to a new employer plan if available; or cashing out
• fees and expenses associated with both the employer’s plan and the rollover IRA (or other alternatives
such as noted above) and whether the employer currently pays for some or all of the plan’s expenses
• different levels of services and investments available under the employer plan and the rollover IRA,
and other alternatives
• whether the rollover is appropriate considering any additional costs and the resultant decrease in the
client’s return
• treatment of withdrawals under each alternative (e.g., penalties up to age 55 vs. 59½ years old)
• protection from creditors and legal judgments (unlimited vs. bankruptcy only; federal- and state-
specific)
• required minimum distributions
• tax implications of rolling shares of employer stock, and
2 This Form ADV Part 2A firm brochure serves as our ERISA §408(b)(2) disclosure.
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• impact of economically significant investment features such as surrender schedules and index annuity
cap and participation rates (such as in an employer-sponsored § 403(b) plan account).
The potentially affected client will be made aware of conflicts of interest including but not limited to
whether our firm will profit from a recommendation through financial planning and/or investment
management fees, and whether services we offer are already provided by or available through the client’s
current retirement plan, and potentially at no additional cost.
As of December 31st 2025, the firm had approximately $141.924 million under its management. Over
$141.880 million on discretionary basis, and over $44,000 non-discretionary assets.3
Item 5 - Fees and Compensation
Forms of payment are based on the types of services being provided, term of service, etc., and will be stated
in your engagement agreement with our firm. Our maximum published fees are negotiable, and we typically
waive or discount our fee for associates of our advisory firm and their family members. We strive to offer
fees that are fair and reasonable considering the experience of our firm and the services to be provided to
you. Similar services may be made available from other investment advisers and potentially at a lesser fee.
Fees are to be paid to the firm by check or draft from US-based financial institutions. With your prior
authorization, payment may also be made by credit or debit card through a qualified, unaffiliated PCI
compliant4 third-party processor, or withdrawal from your investment account held at your custodian of
record. Midwest Financial Network, LLC does not accept cash, money orders or similar forms of payment for
its engagements.
Financial Planning
Whether you choose a broad-based or modular plan, we assess an hourly fee for our financial planning
services. Our rate is $400 per hour; billed in 6-minute increments (1/10th of an hour), and partial increments
(e.g., four minutes) are treated as a whole increment. Prior to entering into an agreement with our firm you
will receive an estimate of the overall cost based on your requirements and the time involved. If we are
engaged to design an investment portfolio but are not providing ongoing portfolio management, we may
assess a fixed fee of up to $5,000 depending on the scale and detail of the investment portfolio. We do not
require a deposit at the time of engagement; the entire fee is due upon plan delivery.
Educational Workshops
We assess event sponsors (e.g., employer, associations, etc.) a fee of $250 per attendee for our workshop
sessions. One-half of the fee is due in advance of the scheduled event, and the remainder after the final
workshop session.
Portfolio Management
We require a per household minimum of $500,000 of investible assets to be managed by our firm to open
and maintain a portfolio management services account. At the end of each month portfolio management
clients pay our firm an asset-based fee based on an annualized rate as indicated in the following fee table.
3 Term “assets under management” and rounding to the nearest $100,000 per the SEC’s General Instructions for Part 2 of Form ADV.
4 Our firm does not retain credit or debit card data. For an explanation of the term “PCI,” who the PCI Security Standards Council is,
and its comprehensive standards to enhance payment card data security, go to
https://www.pcisecuritystandards.org/security_standards/index.php
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The firm’s fee is determined by the value of account assets calculated on each month-end by multiplying
that quotient by the applicable number of basis points set forth in the fee table (one basis point equals
1/100 of one percent). The result is then divided by 12 to determine the monthly fee.
Formula: ((month-end market value) x (applicable number of basis points)) ÷ 12
Assets Under Management
$0 - $1,000,000
$1,000,001 - $2,000,000
$2,000,001- $5,000,000
$5,000,001 - Above
Annualized Asset-Based Fee
(Maximum Fee Per Account)
1.25% (125 basis points)
1.05% (105 basis points)
0.85% (85 basis points)
0.68% (68 basis points)
For accounts maintained at Interactive Brokers, the firm calculates advisory fees separately for each account
and does not aggregate accounts for purposes of determining the applicable advisory fee. Accordingly,
related accounts maintained at Interactive Brokers may result in higher advisory fees than if the accounts
were combined. For example, three Interactive Brokers accounts with $500,000 each will be assessed based
on three separate $500,000 accounts rather than as a single $1.5 million relationship, resulting in higher
aggregate advisory fees.
Because accounts at Interactive Brokers are not aggregated for fee calculation purposes, the firm may
receive higher advisory fees from clients who maintain multiple Interactive Brokers accounts than it would if
those accounts were aggregated. This creates a conflict of interest in recommending or selecting a custodian
and with respect to clients maintaining multiple rather than consolidated accounts. The firm's process for
selecting and recommending custodians is described in Item 12.
Fee Example: An account maintaining $1,000,000 of investible assets as of month’s end will be assessed
$1,041.66 (monthly, in arrears). Formula: ($1,000,000 x 125 bps) = $12,500 (annualized fee) ÷ 12 (months) =
$1,041.66 (monthly fee).
Our fee is based on a blended tier. For example, an account maintaining $1,500,000 would be assessed 125
basis points on the first $1,000,000 and the remainder would be assessed 105 basis points.
In the rare absence of a reportable market value, our firm may seek a third-party opinion from a recognized
industry source (e.g., unaffiliated public accounting firm), and the client may choose to separately seek such
an opinion at their own expense as to the valuation of “hard-to-price” securities if they believe it to be
necessary.
The first billing cycle will begin once your engagement agreement is executed with our firm and assets have
settled into your account held by the custodian of record. Advisory fees for partial months will be prorated
based on the remaining days in the reporting period in which our firm services the account. Your written
authorization is required in order for the custodian of record to deduct our advisory fee from your account.
By signing our firm’s engagement agreement, as well as the custodian account opening documents, you will
be authorizing the custodian to withdraw both advisory fees and any transactional fees from your account.
The custodian will remit our fees directly to our firm. All fees deducted from your account will be noted on
statements that you will receive directly from your custodian of record.5 Alternatively, you may request to
directly pay our advisory firm its portfolio management fee in lieu of having the advisory fee withdrawn
5 Periodic account value variances between the firm’s invoice and custodian statement (beyond the firm’s control) may occur due to
late trade settlement, dividend distribution, etc., requiring adjusted transaction reporting from the custodian of record.
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from your investment account. In this instance you will receive an invoice from our firm that will detail the
total fee assessed, covered time period, calculation formula utilized, and reference to the assets under
management in which the fee has been based. Your direct payment must be received by our firm within 10
days of our invoice.
Midwest Financial Network, LLC will not be entitled to cash or other client assets held by the custodian of
record except those monies owed to our firm in connection with its services. Subject to the custodian’s fee
debit procedures, advisory fees will be payable first from free credit balances, if any, in the account(s)
designated for payment and, second, from the liquidation of any money market funds. If such assets are
insufficient to satisfy payment of the advisory fees, we require clients to authorize the firm, consistent with
the client’s investment objectives and our fiduciary duty, to instruct the custodian to liquidate a portion of
assets in the applicable account to cover the advisory fee. In addition, the firm will charge a client for fees
and assessments associated with checks that are returned for insufficient funds assessed by the custodian,
including, but not limited to, custodial/clearing firm fees or charges.
Retirement Plan Services
Employer-sponsored retirement plans are assessed an asset-based fee of 1.25% (125 basis points). The fee is
determined by the value of the account and calculated on the month-end market value of the portfolio and
multiplying that quotient by the applicable number of basis points (one basis point equals 1/100 of one
percent). The result is then divided by 12 to determine the monthly fee. The first billing cycle will begin once
the engagement agreement is executed with our firm and plan assets have settled into plan account(s) held
by the plan’s designated custodian of record. Advisory fees for partial months will be prorated based on the
remaining days in the reporting period. By signing our firm’s engagement agreement, as well as the selected
custodian account opening documents and/or third-party administrator forms, the plan sponsor/participant
will be authorizing the withdrawal of both advisory and transactional fees (see following sections) from plan
accounts. The withdrawal of these fees will be accomplished by the selected custodian or third-party
administrator, not by our firm, and our fees will be remitted directly to our firm. We do not accommodate
requests for direct payment involving our retirement plan services. Deducted fees will be noted on account
statements that each participant and/or plan sponsor receives from the custodian of record and/or third-
party administrator on a quarterly or more frequent basis.4
Additional Client Fees
Fees paid by our clients to our firm for our advisory services are separate from any internal fees or charges a
client may pay for mutual funds, exchange-traded funds (ETFs), exchange-traded notes (ETNs), or other
similar investments. Any transactional or service fees (sometimes termed brokerage fees), individual
retirement account fees, qualified retirement plan fees, account termination fees, or wire transfer fees will
normally be borne by the account holder per the custodian of record’s separate fee schedule. We will
provide you with a copy of our custodian’s fee schedule at the beginning of the engagement, and you will be
notified of any future changes to those fees by the custodian of record and/or third-party administrator for
certain tax-qualified plans. Additional information about our fees in relationship to our brokerage practices
is noted in Item 12 of this document.
External Compensation involving Transactions
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Our firm does not charge or receive a commission or a mark-up on securities transactions, nor will the firm
or an associate be paid a commission on the purchase of a securities holding that is recommended to a
client. We do not receive “trails” or SEC Rule 12b-1 fees from an investment company that may be
recommended to a client. Fees charged by such issuers are detailed in prospectuses or product descriptions
and interested clients are encouraged to read these documents before investing. Our firm and its associates
receive none of these described or similar fees or charges. Our clients retain the right to purchase
recommended or similar investments through a provider of their choice (i.e., broker, agent, etc.).
When there is the potential for the receipt of a commission and other similar compensation via an insurance
product transaction (e.g., fixed annuity, life or disability insurance policy, long-term care coverage, etc.)
through an associate of our firm when serving as an insurance agent, the associate has an incentive to make
such a recommendation based on the compensation they receive rather than a client’s needs. Our advisory
firm and its associates take their responsibilities seriously and intend to recommend investments, insurance
or advisory services we believe appropriate for each client. Please refer to Item 10 of this firm brochure, in
addition to Item 4 of an associate’s brochure supplement for details.
Termination of Services
Either party may terminate the agreement at any time by communicating their intent to the other party to
terminate it. You have the right to terminate the engagement without penalty within five business days after
entering into the contract. We do not require an advance fee for our financial planning services;
subsequently, if a planning client terminates our services after this five business-day rescission period, we
are not obligated to provide them with a plan, including a partial plan. After the five business-day rescission
period, if an educational workshop sponsor cancels the event within 24 hours of the first session, fees are
normally not subject to a refund due to operational costs borne by our firm, but we will consider crediting
the fee to a future educational session presented by our firm.
When a portfolio management services client or retirement plan sponsor terminates their agreement after
the five-business-day rescission period, the client will be assessed fees on a prorated basis for services
provided through the termination date. For a new client, fees will be calculated from the date of the
engagement through the date the firm receives written notice of termination. For all other accounts, fees
will be calculated from the end of the last billing period through the date the firm receives written notice of
termination. Any prepaid, unearned fees will be returned within 30 days after the firm receives the
termination notice.
Item 6 - Performance-Based Fees and Side-By-Side Management
Our firm’s advisory fees will not be based on a share of capital gains or capital appreciation (growth) of any
portion of managed funds, also known as performance-based fees. Our fees will also not be based on side-
by-side management, which refers to a firm simultaneously managing accounts that do pay performance-
based fees (such as a hedge fund) and those that do not.
Item 7 - Types of Clients
We provide our advisory services to individuals and high net worth individuals, pension and profit sharing
plans, businesses of all scale, and retirement plan sponsors. Refer to Item 5 for information about our
minimum asset levels. We reserve the right to decline services to any prospective client for any
nondiscriminatory reason.
Item 8 - Methods of Analysis, Investment Strategies and Risk of Loss
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Methods of Analysis
We utilize fundamental and technical analyses. We evaluate various economic factors including interest
rates, the current state of the economy, or the future growth of an industry sector. We then study historical
market patterns and trends to assist us in determining the direction of the market as well as specific
securities. Our research is often drawn from sources that include:
• financial periodicals
• research reports from economists and other industry professionals
• corporate rating services
• company press releases and annual reports
• regulatory filings (i.e., prospectus, financial filings, etc.)
Investment Strategies
We recognize that each client's needs and goals are different; subsequently, portfolio strategies and
underlying investment vehicles may vary. Our primary strategy is based on Core + Satellite investing. We
blend passive and active investing, where passive investments are used as the basis or “core” of a portfolio
and actively managed investments are added as “satellite” positions. The portfolio core holdings are indexed
to potentially more efficient asset classes, while outlying selections are generally limited to active holdings
to outperform a particular category (sector), or a selection of positions to increase core diversification, or to
improve portfolio performance. For example, the core of a portfolio may be built with index funds or ETFs;
satellite holdings might include active investments (e.g., equities or sector ETFs) with unique strategies that
are believed capable of adding value beyond a stated benchmark over a full market cycle. Our portfolios
contain investment vehicles that are globally diversified, tax-efficient and low-cost whenever practical. It is
common to find a broad range of opened and closed-end mutual funds and ETFs within a portfolio, as well
as incorporating individual stocks and bond positions when appropriate.
Risk of Loss
Our firm believes its strategies and investment recommendations are designed to produce the appropriate
potential return for the given level of risk; however, there is no guarantee that a planning goal or investment
objective will be achieved. Past performance is not necessarily indicative of future results. Investing in
securities involves risk of loss that clients should be prepared to bear. While the following list is not
exhaustive, we provide some examples of such risk in the following paragraphs, and we believe it is
important that our clients review and consider each prior to investing.
Active Management
A portfolio that employs active management strategies may, at times, outperform or underperform various
benchmarks or other strategies. To meet or surpass these benchmarks, active portfolio management may
require more frequent trading or “turnover.” This may result in shorter holding periods, higher transactional
costs and/or taxable events generally borne by the client, thereby potentially reducing or negating certain
benefits of active asset management.
Company Risk
When investing in securities, such as stocks, there is always a certain level of company or industry-specific
risk that is inherent in each company or issuer. There is the risk that the company will perform poorly or
have its value reduced based on factors specific to the company or its industry. This is also referred to as
unsystematic risk and can be reduced or mitigated through diversification.
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Core + Satellite Strategies
Strategies involving Core + Satellite investing may have the potential to be affected by “active risk” (or
“tracking error risk”), which might be defined as a deviation from a stated benchmark. Since the core
portfolio attempts to closely replicate a stated benchmark, the source of the tracking error or deviation may
come from a satellite portfolio or position, or from a “sample” or “optimized” index fund or ETF that may
not as closely align the stated benchmark.
Currency Risk
The risk of loss from fluctuating foreign exchange rates when a portfolio has exposure to foreign currency or
in foreign currency traded investments is known as currency risk.
Equity (Stock) Risk
Common stocks are susceptible to general stock market fluctuations and to volatile increases or decreases in
value as market confidence in and perceptions of their issuers change. If an investor held common stock or
common stock equivalents of any given issuer, they may be exposed to greater risk than if they held
preferred stocks and debt obligations of the issuer.
Preferred stocks can be affected by interest rate and liquidity risks (described in adjacent paragraphs). Also
note that their dividend payment is not guaranteed; some are subject to a call provision, meaning the issuer
can redeem its preferred shares on demand, and usually when interest rates have fallen.
Failure to Implement
Each financial planning client is free to accept or reject any or all the recommendations made by our firm.
While no advisory firm can guarantee future performance, no plan can succeed if it is not
implemented. Clients who choose not to take the steps recommended in their plan may face an increased
risk that their stated goals and objectives will not be achieved.
Fixed Income Risks
Various forms of fixed income instruments, such as bonds, money market funds, bond funds, and certificates
of deposit, may be affected by various forms of risk, including:
• Credit Risk - The potential risk that an issuer would be unable to pay scheduled interest or repay
principal at maturity, sometimes referred to as “default risk.” Credit risk may also occur when an
issuer’s ability to make payments of principal and interest when due is interrupted. This may result
in a negative impact on all forms of debt instruments, as well as mutual funds or ETF share values
that hold these issues. Bondholders are creditors of an issuer and typically have priority to assets
before equity holders (i.e., stockholders) when receiving a payout from liquidation or restructuring.
When defaults occur due to bankruptcy, the type of bond held will determine seniority of payment.
• Duration Risk - Duration is a measure of a bond’s volatility, expressed in years to be repaid by its
internal cash flow (interest payments). Bonds with longer durations carry more risk and have higher
price volatility than bonds with shorter durations.
•
Interest Rate Risk - The risk that the value of the fixed income holding will decrease because of an
increase in interest rates. The longer the maturity of the bond, the more sensitive its value is to
changes in interest rates. Bond prices and interest rate changes are inversely correlated.
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• Reinvestment Risk - With declining interest rates, investors may have to reinvest interest income or
principal at a lower rate.
Fundamental Analysis
The challenge involving fundamental analyses is that the information obtained may be incorrect; the
analysis may not provide an accurate estimate of earnings, which may be the basis for a security’s value.
If a security’s price adjusts rapidly to new information, a fundamental analysis may result in unfavorable
performance.
Inflation Risk
Also called purchasing power risk, is the chance that the cash flow from an investment won’t be worth as
much in the future because of changes in purchasing power due to inflation.
Liquidity Risk
Liquidity risk is the inability to readily buy or sell an investment for a price close to the true underlying value
of the asset due to a lack of buyers or sellers. While certain types of fixed income are generally liquid (e.g.,
bonds), there are risks which may occur such as when an issue trading in any given period does not readily
support buys and sells at an efficient price. Conversely, when trading volume is high, there is also a risk of
not being able to purchase a particular issue at the desired price.
Market Risk
This is also called systematic risk. In cases where markets are under extreme duress, many securities lose
their ability to provide diversification benefits.
Mutual Fund and ETF Risks
The risk of owning mutual funds and ETFs reflect their underlying securities (e.g., stocks, bonds, derivatives,
etc.). These forms of securities typically carry additional expenses based on their share of operating
expenses and certain brokerage fees, which may result in the potential duplication of certain fees. Certain
ETFs and indexed funds have the potential to be affected by “active risk;” a deviation from its stated index
(e.g., S&P 500).
While many ETFs and index mutual funds are known for their potential tax-efficiency and higher “qualified
dividend income” (QDI) percentages, there are asset classes within these investment vehicles or holding
periods within that may not benefit. Shorter holding periods, as well as commodities and currencies (that
may be a holding within an ETF or mutual fund), may be considered “non-qualified” under certain tax code
provisions. A holding’s QDI will be considered when tax-efficiency is an important aspect of the client’s
portfolio.
Leveraged and/or inverse ETFs attempt to achieve multiples of the performance of an index or benchmark
through the opposite (inverse) of the performance of the tracked index or benchmark. This strategy
attempts to profit from, or hedge exposures to, downward drifting markets. There is a risk involving this
strategy and part of the concern is since leveraged and inverse exchange traded funds "reset" daily, which
means they are designed to achieve their stated objectives on a daily basis. It is due to the compounding
effect of daily adjustments that ETF performance over longer periods of time can differ significantly from the
performance (or inverse of the performance) of an underlying index or benchmark during the same period.
This effect is potentially magnified during volatile markets. If effects contrary to the ETF strategy occur,
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losses may be significant; therefore, leveraged and/or inverse ETFs will be considered for portfolios either
properly hedged or for clients able to sustain potentially higher risks. Leveraged and inverse ETFs will not be
recommended for portfolios where a "buy-and-hold" philosophy is important.
Certain ETFs use options strategies designed to provide a specified level of downside protection (a “buffer”)
in exchange for a limit on potential gains (a “cap”) over a defined outcome period. The buffer is not a
guarantee against loss; it applies only to a stated percentage of decline, and clients bear the full amount of
any loss beyond that level. Clients who purchase after an outcome period has begun or sell before it ends
may receive neither the stated buffer nor the stated cap. Because of the cap, these ETFs will underperform
their reference asset during periods of significant appreciation. These ETFs also involve risks associated with
options and derivatives, including liquidity and valuation risks, and typically carry higher expenses than
traditional index ETFs.
Passive Management
A passive portfolio has the risk of generating lower-than-expected returns due to its broad diversification
when compared to a portfolio more narrowly focused.
Political Risk
The risk of financial and market loss because of political decisions or disruptions in a particular country or
region may also be known as "geopolitical risk."
Research Data
When research and analyses are based on commercially available software, rating services, general market
and financial information, or due diligence reviews, a firm is relying on the accuracy and validity of the
information or capabilities provided by selected vendors, rating services, market data, and the issuers
themselves. While our firm makes every effort to determine the accuracy of the information received, we
cannot predict the outcome of events or actions taken or not taken, or the validity of all information
researched or provided which may or may not affect the advice on or investment management of an
account.
Technical Analysis
The risk of investing based on technical analysis is that they may not consistently predict a future price
movement; the current price of a security may reflect all known information. A change in the market price
of a security may follow a random pattern and may not be as predictable as desired. This may occur due to
analyst bias or misinterpretation, a sector analysis error, late recognition of a trend, etc.
Item 9 - Disciplinary Information
Neither the firm nor its management has been involved in any criminal or civil action in a domestic, foreign
or military jurisdiction, an administrative enforcement action, or self-regulatory organization proceeding
that would reflect poorly upon our offering advisory business or its integrity.
Item 10 - Other Financial Industry Activities and Affiliations
Firm policies require associated persons to conduct business activities in a manner that avoids conflicts of
interest between the firm and its clients, or that may be contrary to law. We will provide disclosure to each
client prior to and throughout the term of an engagement regarding any conflicts of interest involving its
business relationships that might reasonably compromise its impartiality or independence.
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Our firm and its management are not registered nor have an application pending to register as a Financial
Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA) or National Futures Association (NFA) member firm or associated
person of such a firm. We are not required to be registered with such entities, nor do they supervise our
firm, its activities or our associates. Neither the firm nor its management is or has a material relationship
with any of the following types of entities:
• accounting firm or accountant
• other investment adviser or financial planner
• bank, credit union or thrift institution, or their separately identifiable department or division
• lawyer or law firm
• pension consultant
• real estate broker, dealer or adviser
• sponsor or syndicator of limited partnerships
• trust company
• issuer of a security, to include investment company or other pooled investment vehicle (including a
mutual fund, closed-end investment company, unit investment trust, private investment company or
“hedge fund,” or offshore fund)
As noted in Item 5, associates of our firm (including management) are licensed insurance agents appointed
with various unaffiliated insurance carriers. At times, insurance products are sold to advisory clients through
Midwest Financial Network, LLC, through an affiliated insurance agency, MFN Insurance Division, LLC, or
through the Partners individually. Regardless of the capacity in which associates of the firm are serving, they
will disclose in advance how they are being compensated and if there is a conflict of interest involving any
advice or service being provided. At no time will there be tying between business practices and/or services;
a condition where a client or prospective client would be required to accept one product or service which is
conditional upon the selection of a second, distinctive tied product or service. Associates of our firm will
earn commission-based compensation for selling insurance products to you. Insurance commissions are
separate from our advisory fees. The receipt of insurance commissions creates a conflict of interest and
gives our associates an incentive to recommend products based on compensation received rather than a
client’s needs. We mitigate this conflict by making full and fair disclosure of the conflict and the receipt of
commissions. We also only recommend insurance products that we believe are in the client’s best interest.
Item 11 - Code of Ethics, Participation or Interest in Client Transactions and Personal Trading
Our advisory firm is a fiduciary. We will act in the utmost good faith, performing in a manner believed to be
in the best interest of our clients. We believe that our business methodologies, ethics rules, and adopted
policies are designed to eliminate or at least minimize material conflicts of interest, and to appropriately
manage any material conflicts of interest that may remain. It is important to point out that no set of rules
can anticipate or relieve all material conflicts of interest. Our firm will disclose to its advisory clients any
material conflict of interest relating to the firm, its representatives, or any of its employees which could
reasonably be expected to impair the rendering of unbiased and objective advice.
Code of Ethics
We have adopted a Code of Ethics that establishes policies for ethical conduct for our personnel. Our firm
accepts the obligation not only to comply with all applicable laws and regulations but also to act in an ethical
and professionally responsible manner in all professional services and activities. Firm policies include
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prohibitions against insider trading, circulation of industry rumors, and certain political contributions, among
others. We periodically review and amend our Code of Ethics to ensure that they remain current, and we
require firm personnel to annually attest to their understanding of and adherence to the firm’s Code of
Ethics. A copy of the firm’s Code of Ethics is made available to any client or prospective client upon request.
Firm Recommendations and Conflicts of Interest
Our associates are prohibited from borrowing from or lending to a client unless the client is an approved
financial lending institution (e.g., bank, broker/dealer, etc.).
Neither our firm nor its associates are authorized to recommend to a client, or effect a transaction for a
client, involving any security in which our firm or a “related person” (associates, their immediate family
members, etc.) has a material financial interest, such as in the capacity as an underwriter, adviser to the
issuer, etc.
Our firm and/or its related persons may buy or sell securities that are the same as, similar to, or different
from, those we recommend to clients for their accounts. A recommendation made to one client may be
different in nature or in timing from a recommendation made to a different client. Clients often have
different objectives and risk tolerances. At no time will our firm or any related party receive preferential
treatment over our clients. We mitigate this conflict by ensuring that we have policies and procedures in
place to ensure that the firm or a related person will not receive preferential treatment over a client. In
order to reduce or eliminate certain conflicts of interest involving personal trading (e.g., trading ahead of
client recommendations or trades, “cherry picking,” trading on insider information, etc.), firm policy requires
that we restrict or prohibit certain related parties’ transactions. Any exceptions must be approved in writing
by our Chief Compliance Officer, and personal trading accounts are reviewed on a quarterly or more
frequent basis. Please refer to Item 6 of an associate’s accompanying Form ADV Part 2B brochure
supplements for further details.
Item 12 - Brokerage Practices
Factors Used to Select Broker/Dealers for Client Transactions
Your accounts must be separately maintained by a qualified, independent custodian (generally a broker/dealer,
futures commission merchant, national bank, or trust company) that is frequently reviewed for its capabilities to
serve in that capacity by their respective industry regulatory authority. Midwest Financial Network, LLC is not a
custodian or broker/dealer, there is not an affiliate that is a custodian or broker/dealer, nor does a custodian or
broker/dealer supervise our firm, its activities, or our associates. We do not receive client referrals from a
broker/dealer or custodian, nor would client referrals ever be a factor in our recommendation of a
broker/dealer or custodian.
Our clients may open or maintain their accounts at their current custodian/service provider. If the client
prefers a new custodian/service provider, a recommendation may be made by our firm that is based on
client need, overall costs, ease of use, and following our review of the recommended provider.
We prefer that our portfolio management clients use the brokerage services provided through either
Interactive Brokers LLC (“Interactive Brokers”), an Interactive Brokers Group, Inc. company, or Altruist
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Financial LLC (“Altruist”); both FINRA and SIPC6 member firms. Interactive Brokers and Altruist also serve as
custodian of record for our portfolio management clients. Our firm is independently owned and operated
and is not legally affiliated with Interactive Brokers or Altruist. While we recommend that you use either
noted custodian, you will decide whether to do so and will open your account directly with them via their
account agreement. We do not technically open your account for you, although we will assist you in doing
so. If you do not wish to place your investment assets with either Interactive Brokers or Altruist, we may be
able to serve as investment adviser with another custodian of your choice on a “held-away” basis if your
custodian’s policies allow us to do so, requiring the execution of a third-party trading agreement. For
corporate retirement plans we prefer our clients to use Mid-Atlantic Trust Company (“Mid Atlantic”), or
Matrix Financial Solutions (“Matrix”). Note that Interactive Brokers, Altruist, Mid Atlantic, and Matrix self-
clear and custody client accounts. Matrix Financial Solutions is a division of Broadridge Financial Solutions,
Inc. (“Broadridge”). Interactive Brokers, Altruist, and Broadridge are FINRA and SIPC member firms.
Our preferred custodians offer independent investment advisers like our firm various services which may
include custody of securities, trade execution, clearance, and settlement of transactions, and in which our
firm receives benefits from those custodians through our participation in their services offering which will be
described in further detail below. These benefits may include the following products and services (provided
either without cost or at a discount):
● access to electronic communications networks for client order entry and account information,
● access to trading desks serving our clients,
● ability to execute aggregated (“block”) trades (described in following paragraphs)
● discounts on marketing, research, technology, and practice management products or services
provided to our firm by third-party providers,
● receipt of duplicate client statements and confirmations,
● research related products and tools,
● resource information related to capital markets and various investments, and
● the ability to have advisory fees deducted directly from a client’s accounts (per written agreement).
•
Our preferred custodians may provide some of these services themselves. In other cases, they may arrange
for third-party vendors to provide the services to us. They may discount or waive fees for some of these
services or pay all or a part of a third party’s fees. Certain tools, services or discounts made available to our
firm by our custodians benefit our firm but may not directly benefit each client’s account. While our firm
does not think these services are considered "brokerage or research services" under Section 28(e) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, certain jurisdictions where we serve client accounts believe they fall under
this definition. The availability of these services benefits our firm because we do not have to produce or
purchase them as long as clients maintain their assets at one of our preferred custodians. There is an
inherent conflict of interest since our firm has an incentive to select or recommend a particular custodian
based on our firm’s interest in receiving these benefits rather than a client’s interest in receiving favorable
trade execution. It is important to mention that the benefit received by our firm through participation in any
custodian’s program does not depend on the amount of brokerage transactions directed to that custodian,
and our selection of a custodian is primarily supported by the scope, quality, and cost of services provided as
a whole, not just those services that benefit only our advisory firm. Further, we will act in the best interest
6 Our firm is not, nor required to be, a FINRA or SIPC member. Information about the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA)
may be found at www.finra.org. You may learn more about the Securities Investor Protection Corporation (SIPC) and how it serves
member firms and the investing public by going to their website at http://www.sipc.org.
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of our clients regardless of the custodian we may recommend. Our firm conducts periodic assessments of
any recommended service provider which generally involves a review of the range and quality of services,
reasonableness of fees, among other items, in comparison to industry peers.
Best Execution
Best execution” means the most favorable terms for a transaction based on all relevant factors, including
those listed in the earlier paragraphs. We recognize our obligation in seeking best execution for our clients;
however, it is our belief that the determinative factor is not always the lowest possible cost but whether the
selected custodian’s transactions represent the best “qualitative execution” while taking into consideration
the full range of services provided. Our firm will seek services involving competitive rates, but it may not
necessarily correlate to the lowest possible rate for each transaction. We have determined having our
portfolio management clients’ accounts trades completed through our recommended custodians is
consistent with our obligation to seek best execution of client trades. A review is regularly conducted
regarding our recommendation of a custodian to clients and considering our duty to seek best execution.
Mutual Fund Share Class
Interactive Brokers does not currently support share class conversions between classes of the same mutual
fund (for example, converting higher-cost Class A shares to lower-cost share classes). As a result, certain
mutual fund positions held at Interactive Brokers may remain in higher-cost share classes, causing clients to
incur higher fees and expenses than they otherwise would if converted to available lower-cost share classes.
Obtaining a lower-cost share class would generally require selling the position and repurchasing the
investment, which may result in taxable gains and transaction costs.
Directed Brokerage
Not all investment advisers require their clients to direct brokerage, nor do we think our firm is involved in
directed brokerage per industry definition. However, our operational relationships with our preferred
custodians require client accounts custodied with them to have trades executed in accordance with their
order-routing requirements. We do not direct which executing broker should be selected for client account
trades, whether that is an affiliate of a preferred custodian or another executing broker of that custodian’s
choice. As a result, the client may pay higher commissions or other transaction costs, experience greater
spreads, or receive less favorable net prices on transactions than might otherwise be the case. In addition,
since we routinely recommend a specific custodian to our advisory clients, and that custodian may choose to
use the execution services of its broker affiliate for some or all our client’s transactions, there is an inherent
conflict of interest involving our recommendation since our firm receives various products or services
described above from that custodian. Our firm is not compensated for trade routing/order flow, we are not
paid commissions on trades, nor do we receive interest on an account’s cash balance. Either recommended
custodian may be compensated by some or all these methods which are disclosed in their respective
account documents or customer notices.
Client accounts maintained at one of our preferred custodians under our account master are unable to
direct brokerage. As a result, they may pay higher commissions or other transaction costs, potentially
experience greater spreads, or receive less favorable net prices on transactions for their account than would
otherwise be the case if they had the opportunity to direct brokerage.
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For held-away accounts maintained at a custodian of the client’s choice, the client may choose to request
that a particular broker be used to execute some or all account transactions. Under these circumstances, the
client will be responsible for negotiating, in advance of each trade, the terms and/or arrangements involving
their account with that broker, and whether the selected broker is affiliated with their custodian of record
or not. We will not be obligated to seek better execution services or prices from these other brokers, and we
will be unable to aggregate transactions for execution via our custodian with other orders for accounts
managed by our firm. As a result, the client may pay higher commissions or other transaction costs,
potentially experience greater spreads, or receive less favorable net prices on transactions for their account
than would otherwise be the case.
Aggregating Securities Transactions
Trade aggregation involves the purchase or sale of the same security for several clients/accounts at
approximately the same time. This may also be termed “blocked” or “batched” orders. Aggregated orders
are intended to obtain better execution, negotiate favorable transaction rates, or allocate equitably among
multiple client accounts should there be differences in prices, brokerage commissions, or other transactional
costs that might otherwise be unobtainable through separately placed orders. Our firm may, but is not
obligated to, aggregate orders held by the custodian of record. Our firm does not receive additional
compensation or remuneration as a result of aggregating client transactions.
Transaction charges and/or prices may vary due to account size and/or method of receipt. To the extent that
the firm determines to aggregate client orders for the purchase or sale of securities, including securities in
which a related person may invest, the firm will generally do so in accordance with the parameters set forth
in SEC No-Action Letter, SMC Capital, Inc. A copy of the referenced No-Action Letter will be provided upon
request.
When trade aggregation is not allowed or infeasible and necessitates individual transactions (e.g.,
withdrawal or liquidation requests, odd-lot trades, nondiscretionary accounts, etc.), an account may
potentially be assessed higher costs or less favorable prices than those where aggregation has occurred.
Item 13 - Review of Accounts
Scheduled Reviews
Portfolios that we supervise are reviewed on a quarterly or more frequent basis by Raymond Kozicki or Ryan
Biniak (serving as portfolio manager). We encourage scheduled financial check-ups and client-level portfolio
reviews to occur on an annual basis whenever practical. Reviews will be conducted by the client’s assigned
investment adviser representative and typically involve analysis and possible revision of your previous
financial plan or investment allocation. A copy of revised plans or asset allocation reports in printed or
digital format will be provided to the client upon request.
Periodic plan sponsor reviews are encouraged, and we believe they should occur at least on an annual basis
if practical. Reviews will be conducted by Mr. Kozicki or Mr. Biniak, and it typically involves an analysis and
possible revision of previous plan recommendations. We will conduct annual plan participant group review
sessions upon plan sponsor request.
Interim Reviews
You should contact our firm for additional reviews when you anticipate or have experienced changes in your
financial situation (i.e., changes in employment, an inheritance, the birth of a new child, etc.), or if you
prefer to change requirements involving your account. Interim reviews are conducted by the client’s
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assigned investment adviser representative. A copy of revised plans or asset allocation reports in printed or
digital format will be provided to the client upon request.
Additional reviews by our portfolio manager(s) may be triggered by news or research related to a specific
holding, a change in our view of the investment merits of a holding, or news related to the macroeconomic
climate affecting a sector or holding within that sector. A portfolio may be reviewed for an additional
holding or when an increase in a current position is under consideration. Account cash levels above or below
what we deem appropriate for the investment environment, given the client's stated tolerance for risk and
investment objectives, may also trigger a review.
Plan sponsors should contact our firm for additional reviews when there are material changes to the plan
requirements or financial situation. The review is conducted by Mr. Kozicki or Mr. Biniak and typically
involves an analysis and possible revision of previous plan recommendations. We do not conduct
unscheduled participant-level reviews.
Client Reports
Whether you have opened and maintained an investment account on your own or with our assistance, you
will receive account statements sent directly from your account custodian where your investments are held.
We urge you to carefully review these account statements for accuracy and clarity, and to ask questions
when something is not clear.
We do not create or distribute our own performance reports; nor do we back-test nor certify reports from
an external party. Account holders are reminded to carefully review and compare account statements
provided by their custodian of record with any report they have received from any source containing
investment performance information.
Item 14 - Client Referrals and Other Compensation
Please refer to Item 12 for information with respect to our relationships with our preferred custodians and
the conflicts of interest they present. We do not engage in solicitation activities. If we receive or offer an
introduction to a client, we do not pay or earn a referral fee, nor are there established quid pro quo
arrangements. Each client has the right to accept or deny such referral or subsequent services.
Item 15 - Custody
Our firm does not take physical custody of a client account. Our clients’ accounts must be maintained by an
unaffiliated, qualified custodian. Accounts are not to be maintained by our firm or any associate of our firm.
In keeping with this policy involving our clients’ accounts our firm:
• restricts the firm or an associate from having general power of attorney over a client account
• restricts the firm or an associate from serving as trustee over a client account (unless it is an immediate
family member)
• does not accept or forward client securities (i.e., stock certificates) erroneously delivered to our firm
• prohibits the firm or an associate to have the client’s bank or investment account access information
(i.e., passwords and user identification)
• will not collect advance fees of $1,200 or more for services that are to be performed six months or more
into the future, and
• prohibits associates from having authority to directly withdraw securities or cash assets from a client
account. Although we may be deemed to have limited (aka. constructive or indirect) custody of an
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account since we may request the withdrawal of advisory fees from an investment account, we will do
so only on the following terms:
ü our firm will possess written authorization from the client to deduct advisory fees from an account
held by their custodian of record
ü we will send the client’s qualified, unaffiliated custodian a notice of the amount of the fee to be
deducted from the client’s account, and
ü the client must be able to receive an account statement directly from the account custodian.
• does not allow standing letters of authority (SLOAs) unless the:
ü client provides written instruction to their qualified custodian that includes the client’s signature,
the third party’s name, and either the third party’s address or the third party’s account number at a
custodian to which the transfer should be directed
ü client authorizes the firm in writing on their qualified custodian’s form any power to direct transfers
to the third party either on a specified schedule or from time to time
ü client’s qualified custodian performs appropriate verification of the client’s instructions, such as a
signature review or other method to verify the client’s authorization and provides a transfer of
funds notice to the client promptly after each transfer
ü client has the ability to terminate or change the instruction to the client’s qualified custodian
ü firm has no authority or ability to designate or change the identity of the third party, the address, or
any other information about the third party contained in the client’s instruction
ü third party is not a related party to our firm and is located at a different address as the firm
ü client’s qualified custodian sends the client a written initial notice confirming the instruction, and
ü client is annually provided notice reconfirming their instructions.
Your account custodian will provide your account transaction confirmations and account statements, which
includes debits and credits, as well as our firm’s advisory fee for that period. Statements are provided on at
least a quarterly basis or as transactions occur within your account. We urge all our clients to inform us if
they are not receiving their trade confirmations or account statements from their custodian. Our firm will
not create a separate account statement for a client nor serve as the sole recipient of a client account
statement.
If you receive a report from any source that includes investment performance information, you should
review and compare that report with your account statements that you received directly from your
custodian of record.
Item 16 - Investment Discretion
Our firm generally conducts its investment management engagements on a discretionary basis. Via limited
power of attorney signed by the client, discretionary authority allows our firm to determine the securities to
be bought or sold for a client’s account and the amount of securities to be bought or sold for a client’s
account without requiring the client’s prior authorization for each transaction in order to meet stated
investment objectives. This authority will be granted through the client’s execution of both our engagement
agreement and the selected custodian’s account documents. Note that the custodian will specifically limit
our firm’s authority within an account to the placement of trade orders and the request for the deduction of
our advisory fees.
Our firm prefers not to manage client accounts on a non-discretionary basis, but we may accommodate such
requests on a case-by-case basis. Non-discretionary account authority requires a client’s ongoing prior
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approval involving the securities to be bought or sold for a client’s account and the amount of securities to
be bought or sold for a client’s account, including portfolio rebalancing. Non-discretionary engagement
clients are required to execute our firm’s client services agreement that describes our limited account
authority, as well as the custodian of record’s account document that includes their limited power of
attorney form or clause. It is important to note that due to a client’s requirement for trading pre-approval,
that client must make themselves continually available and keep our firm updated on their contact
information so that instructions can be efficiently and timely effected on their behalf. In addition, non-
discretionary accounts are generally unable to be aggregated (see Item 12) and may therefore be assessed
higher trading fees or receive less favorable prices than those accounts where trade aggregation has
occurred.
We will account for any reasonable restrictions involving the management of the client’s account (i.e., no sin
stocks, avoiding international holdings, etc.). It remains the client’s responsibility to notify us if there is any
change in their situation and/or investment objective so that we may reevaluate previous investment
recommendations or portfolio holdings. Our clients retain the right to amend our account authority, in
writing.
Our firm does not serve as an ERISA retirement plan investment manager. We do not have trading authority
within plan participants’ self-directed accounts.
Item 17 - Voting Client Securities
Our clients may periodically receive proxies or other similar solicitations sent directly from the custodian of
record or transfer agent. If we receive a duplicate copy, note that we do not forward these or any similar
correspondence relating to the voting of the client securities, class action litigation, or other corporate
actions.
Our firm does not vote proxies on a client’s behalf, including those accounts that we have discretionary
authority over; nor do we offer specific guidance on how to vote proxies. We will not offer guidance
involving any claim or potential claim in any bankruptcy proceeding, class action securities litigation or other
litigation or proceeding relating to securities held at any time in a client account, including, without
limitation, to file proofs of claim or other documents related to such proceeding, or to investigate, initiate,
supervise or monitor class action or other litigation involving client assets. However, we will answer limited
questions via a scheduled meeting with respect to what a proxy voting request or other corporate matter
may be and how to reach the issuer or its legal representative.
You maintain exclusive responsibility for directing the way proxies solicited by issuers of securities that are
beneficially owned by you shall be voted, as well as making all other elections relative to mergers,
acquisitions, tender offers or other legal matters or events pertaining to your holdings. You should consider
contacting the issuer or your legal counsel regarding specific questions you may have with respect to a
particular proxy solicitation or corporate action.
Item 18 - Financial Information
Fee withdrawals must be made through a qualified intermediary (e.g., your custodian of record) following
your written agreement.
Engagements with our firm do not require the collection of fees from you of $1,200 or more for our advisory
services that have been agreed to be performed six months or more into the future.
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Neither our firm nor its management serve as general partner for a partnership or trustee for a trust in
which the firm’s advisory clients are either partners of the partnership or beneficiaries of the trust.
The firm and its management do not have a financial condition likely to impair its ability to meet
commitments to clients, nor has the firm and its management been the subject of a bankruptcy petition.
Due to the nature of our firm’s advisory services and operational practices, an audited balance sheet is not
required nor included in this brochure.
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